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Journal articles on the topic 'Skobelov'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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1

NODIRJON, URAIMOVICH ABDULAKHATOV. "Margilan Intellectuals About The City Of New Margilan." Euro Afro Studies International Journal, (EASIJ.COM), 2, no. 2 (2020): 154–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4029519.

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This article discusses the memoirs of local Margilan historians associated with the city of Fergana, known as New Margilan, Skobelev, in the history of its formation as the central city of Ferghana region in the second half of the XIX century. The newly built regional center, New Margilan (Skobelev), was built as a city in Central Asia that embodied European achievements. In turn, there are places in the city that contradict the culture of the local population.For this reason, in the beginning, people who went to Skobelev to work were considered as “immoral” people. However, at the same time, the opening of scientific and cultural objects in the new city, landscaping attracted the attention of intellectuals.The historical significance of these memoirs is that they contain interesting information about the life of Russian intellectuals, whom the locals respected for their enlightenment and justice.The works of Abdulkadir Mahdum Nozik and Galib Margilani have not yet been published. If these works are published, New Margilan (Skobelev) may become one of the most important historical sources for researchers in the study of urban history.   <strong>Keywords</strong>: culture, value, memory, manuscript, change, system, interest, trader, attitude, intellectual, enlightenment,  

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2

Arabadzhyan, Zaven A. "SKOBELEV’S PLAN FOR A CAMPAIGN IN BRITISH INDIA AS A REFLECTION OF RUSSIAN-ENGLISH RIVALRY." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Political Sciences. History. International Relations 4, no. 3 (2023): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6339-2023-4-379-392.

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The article analyzes the views of the prominent Russian military commander M.D. Skobelev on the organization of Russia’s military campaign in India. The author shows that although such an operation was conceived as an auxiliary action to achieve Russia’s strategic goal – to capture the Bosphorus and Constantinople, but gradually M.D. Skobelev began to give it much more importance and came to the conclusion that it can challenge Great Britain’s dominance in the Hindustan subcontinent and put an end to its world domination. Skobelev assigned an important role to Afghanistan, whose ruler, Emir Shir Ali Khan, at that time was extremely concerned by the influence of the government of British India on his country and was very friendly towards Russia. Analyzing the plans of the White General, the author concludes that Skobelev had a clear strategic vision of the tasks and goals of the expedition, a clear definition of moves, an understanding of the need for combined strikes, etc., but at the same time, clearly underestimated the means required by the Russian army and the resources that the enemy will have in a potential theater of operations. The author proposes the reasons for such an underestimation and considers the factors that could favor Russian success and hinder it.

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3

Petrolati, D., P. Angeletti, A. Morini, and G. Toso. "Skobelev network optimisation by sequential quadratic programming." Electronics Letters 46, no. 8 (2010): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2010.0266.

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4

Savel’ieva, N. V. "Frol Skobeiev: History and Modernity." Russkaya Literatura 4 (2019): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2019-4-226-229.

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5

SHAKHZODKHUJA, ABDURAZZAKOV. "THE BEGINNING OF THE UPRISINGS OF THE SKOBELEV REGION." CURRENT APPROACHES AND NEW RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCES 1, no. 3 (2022): 4–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7139603.

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As a result of the publication in this work of the decree of the Russian emperor on mobilization for Labor, brief information was given about the attitude of the residents of Skobelev uyezdi and the beginning of the initial popular uprisings against this decree, as well as the beginning of this uprising, based on recorded data from active participants in this.

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6

Olimjonov, Habibjon. "Library work in Turkestan (on the example of Fergana region)." Infolib 25, no. 1 (2021): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47267/2181-8207/2021/1-047.

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This article describes the opening, collection and operation of public libraries in the cities of New Osh, Margilan, Skobelev, Kokand, Namangan, established in accordance with the Resolution of the Fergana regional administration No. 421 of 1898 «On the opening of public libraries and reading rooms in regional and city centers.» information is available. In preparing the article used the documents of the National Archive of Uzbekistan I-19 Fund, Volume 1167

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7

Vlasov, Alexey D. "Military leaders’ images of the second half of the XIXth century in the works of A. Forbes: Some aspects of the British military journalism formation." Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 22, no. 1 (2022): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2022-22-1-65-70.

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The article is devoted to one of the aspects of interaction between the press andsociety. The author examines the personified approach used bythe Britishwarcorrespondent A. Forbesto displaythetheme ofwar –thecreation of a psychophysical and professional portrait ofmilitary leaders of the second half of the 19th century. It is shown that A. Forbes singles out F. Karl and M. Skobelev as examples of combining special service qualities with romantic features of a heroic image. It is concluded that A. Forbes successfully defined and implemented ideas and ways of their representation which has been demanded by society.

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8

Morrison, Alexander. "The ‘Turkestan Generals’ and Russian Military History." War in History 26, no. 2 (2018): 153–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344517723373.

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This article is a short collective biography of six so-called ‘Turkestan Generals’, all of whom played a prominent role in the Russian conquest and administration of Central Asia. These campaigns are usually seen as marginal to the military history of the Russian empire in the nineteenth century, but they were central to the reputations of three of the most prominent generals of the period, who became important public figures – Cherniaev, Skobelev, and Kuropatkin. The article shows that this was not accidental, but the product of a carefully constructed narrative in Russian military historiography.

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9

Hammarberg, Gitta. "Eighteenth Century Narrative Variations on “Frol Skobeev”." Slavic Review 46, no. 3-4 (1987): 529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2498102.

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One of the most striking innovations in late eighteenth century prose fiction was the introduction of a distinct narrator's voice. To throw some light on the emergence of this innovation, I will compare three works: “Povest’ o Frole Skobeeve,“ an anonymous work from the 1720s; Ivan Novikov's “Novgorodskikh devushek sviatochnyi vecher,” which appeared in a 1785 collection of his short stories; and Nikolai Karamzin's “Natal'ia, boiarskaia doch',” which appeared serially in his Moskovskii zhurnal in 1792. These works will be viewed as representative of three stages in the eighteenth century development of narrative prose structure.

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10

Weinrich, Arndt. "Skobelev et Boulanger. La guerre, le charisme du chef militaire et la presse." Histoire, Europe et relations internationales N° 4, no. 2 (2024): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/heri.004.0175.

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11

Acaroğlu, M. Türker. "Bulgarlar Yine "Türk Himayesi" İstiyor." Belleten 54, no. 209 (1990): 331–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.1990.331.

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Yahya Kemal Beyatlı'nın naklettiğine göre, 93 Savaşı denilen 1877-78 Türk-Rus savaşında bir Bulgar papazı, işgalci ve istilâcı Ruslara: "Siz bizi Türklerden kurtardınız, ama bizi sizden kim kurtaracak?" diye sormuştu. Başka bir olay: Bulgaristan'ın Tuna Alayı Komutanı Yüzbaşı Vılkov, 1886 yılında Bükreş'teki Bulgar İhtilal Komitesi üyelerini ziyarete gider. Üs olarak kullanılan "Simon" Hoteli'nde birkaç isyancıyla karşılaşır. Yüzbaşının da kendilerine katılmasını isterler. "Nasıl olsa, Ruslar Bulgaristan'ı işgal edecek, bari arada acı olaylar olmasın" derler. Vılkov'un cevabı şu olur: Rusya bizi Türklerden kurtarmıştır, ama kendisi için değil, bizim için. Yurdumuzu savunmak üzere bize silah verdi. General Skobelev, İslimye'deki söylevinde: "Her şeyden önce Bulgar yurtseveri olunuz" demiştir.

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12

Alinazarova, Dildora. "FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FIRST NEWSPAPER OF BUKHARA JEWS IN HEBREW IN THE FERGANA VALLEY." International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 03, no. 06 (2023): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/volume03issue06-07.

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In this article, based on the analysis of a wide range of sources, the history of publishing a newspaper in the language of Bukharian Jews in Ferghana is considered. On the initiative of Rakhimim Davidbaev, one of the wealthy Bukharian Jews, in May 1910 in the town of Skobelev in the Ferghana Valley, a newspaper called "Rakhimim" began to appear - the first newspaper in the language of Bukharian Jews until July 1916, in which articles and poems, excerpts were published from Russian and Jerusalem Jewish newspapers, a chronicle of Turkestan life, internal Russian and foreign news, commercial information, feuilletons, congratulations, letters to the editor, references and announcements.

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13

LAVITSKAYA, M. I. ""WHITE GENERAL" OF M.D. SKOBELEV: PERSONALITY OF THE HERO-WINNER IN THE ETHNOCULTURAL ASPECT." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 8, no. 3 (2019): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2019-8-3-32-42.

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14

Roʻziboyev, Nurbek Oʻktamovich. "INFLUENCE OF THE SOVIET AUTHORITY ON SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL LIFE IN UZBEKISTAN." Educational Research in Universal Sciences 2, no. 3 (2023): 21–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7805134.

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20-30 years of XX century period out of sight sorry we are in this all social life processes row cultural and spiritual the field itself special complexity, difficulty with that it was late sure we will be The Soviets authority and his dominant party whole in the country socialism system set up to reach own to them main the goal by doing puts they are, in this cultural of the field role individuality, without it a lot to something achieved that it won’t be ok they understood. That’s why soviet of the authorities initial years right from the start cultural construction process own supply and ideas based on to develop entered were.

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15

Malysheva, Galina E. "“In the Lines in the Days of Peace Negotiations.” History of Studying the 1917 Skobelev Committee Film." Herald of an archivist 1 (2018): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2019-1-39-57.

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16

Bel'sky, V. V. "Review of: Skobelev M. A. Introduction to the Didactic book of the Old Testament: a textbook / M. A. Skobelev, I. A. Khangireev. Moscow: Published by St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University Press, 2018. 368 p., illustrations. ISBN 978-5-7429-1073-2." Theological Herald 28, no. 1 (2018): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/2500-1450/2018-28-1-343-348.

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17

White, Brian E. "Managing Complexity by George Rzevski and Petr Skobelev Southhampton, Boston: WIT Press, 2014 (ISBN: 978-1-84564-936-4)." INSIGHT 18, no. 3 (2015): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/inst.12050.

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18

Sobirov, Jamshidbek Zokirjon o'g'li, Diyora Isomiddin qizi Toychiyeva, and Ahrorbek Ahmadjonov. "CHOR ROSSIYASI TOMONIDAN QO'QON XONLIGINING TUGATILISHI." MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE 1, no. 8 (2022): 40–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6629214.

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Ushbu maqolada Podsho Rossiyasi tomonidan O‘rta Osiyo bosib olinishining to‘rtta bosqichda amalga oshirilganligi, hamda bu bosqichlar davomida turli hududlarga hujum qilinganligi, xususan birinchi, ikkinchi, uchinchi bosqichdagi urushlar orqali Qo‘qon xonligining egallanishi hamda tugatilishi haqida so‘z yuritiladi.

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19

Pochekaev, Roman Yu. "THE LIFESTYLE OF THE AKHAL-TEKE OASIS TURKMENS IN THE NOVEL OF V. P. CHEREVANSKY “UNDER THE BATTLE FIRE”." Ural Historical Journal 71, no. 2 (2021): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2021-2(71)-161-168.

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The article analyzes data on the realities of Turkmen life before and during the Akhal-Teke expedition of 1880–1881 contained in the novel “Under the battle fire” by V. P. Cherevansky, а highranking statesman, scientist and famous writer of the second half of 19th — early 20th century, who himself was a participant of this expedition. In addition to the main plotline, the novel describes specific features of relations between various Turkmen tribes and their leaders, position of Turkmens towards neighbor states such as The Emirate of Bukhara, The Khanate of Khiva, Persia, their relations with the Russian and British Empires during the process of joining the Central Asia to Russia. Together with invented characters (or figured under false names) real historical figures are acted in the novel: general M. D. Skobelev, colonel Petrusevich, Turkmen leader Tykma-sardar, orientalist A. Vambery, English journalist E. O’Donnovan and others. V. P. Cherevansky’s personal acquaintance with his characters allowed him to faithfully describe Turkmen realities during the “extreme” period of their life (before and during the joining of the Akhal-Teke oasis to the Russian Empire) and enliven information of his contemporaries and scholars avoiding “oriental” views typical for contemporary western and some Russian literati.

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20

Rykunina, Yulia A. "For the Literary Biography of Olga Chyumina." Literary Fact, no. 4 (26) (2022): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2022-26-107-122.

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The article presents little-known documents and evidences, concerning the early biography of Olga Nikolaevna Chyumina (1858 –1909) — a poet, a writer, a translator — including ego-documents. The author of the article observes the peculiarities of her relations with modernist writers and her literary position, expressed largely in opposition to modernists. Despite the fact that nowadays Chyumina is almost forgotten, at the turn of the 20th century she was a famous writer who achieved both the attention of critics and high fees. The article examines the beginning of her creative career, the relationship with the critic V.P. Burenin, the first publications dedicated to the memory of General M.D. Skobelev. The author quotes from letters stored in archives, in which Chyumina writes about herself and subjects the role and place of women in literature to reflection. Chyumina wrote from a male person before women writers of the modern era began to resort to this technique. Critics have noted this feature, at the same time in the reviews she was advised not to raise serious topics, which corresponds to the traditional attitude towards women writers. In the second book of poems, Chyumina seems to have found exactly her voice, but the rapid development of new trends pushed this figure into the background.

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21

Gonneau, Pierre. "L'affaire Skobeev (mai 1722) ou De la chancellerie secrète comme source d'inspiration d'une nouvelle russe ?" Revue des études slaves 75, no. 3 (2004): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/slave.2004.6915.

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22

Perfilova, Valentina G. "Review of the monograph “Rivers of fire by Artyom Vesyoly. Problems of studying biography and creativity. To the 90th anniversary of professor V.P. Skobelev”." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 2 (March 2022): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.2-22.149.

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23

Arstanov, Bulat. "The African continent as a promising destination for kazakhstani tourists." Tourism, leisure and hospitality 7, no. 4 (2024): 14–22. https://doi.org/10.59649/2959-5185-2024-4-14-22.

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This article is devoted to the history of equatorial African countries – the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The immediate objective of this work is an attempt to familiarize travel agents and tour operators of Kazakhstan with little-known new tourist destinations, which are currently far from the center of attention of our tourists. Realizing that the interest in new places for Kazakhstan will definitely advance the tourist offer, the author considered it advisable to briefly review the colonial conquests of Africa. To recall the names of the main active political figures and pioneers and tried to recreate the atmosphere of events that took place in Europe and the African land in the period 1870-1885. One of the main components of this work is the analysis of the studies of the "Black Continent" by Pierre de Brazza. Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of Congo, still bears his name. The desire of every nation to honor the memory of its heroes, in this case the French, is understandable, as is the attitude of the Spaniards to Ferdinand Cortez and Hernan Pizarro, or the Russians to Ermak or General M. Skobelev. Were these once powerful people heroes or villains – these questions remain relevant today. Today, when the words colonizer and occupier began a rapid conceptual convergence, it is important for future guides and group leaders to have their own knowledge of the history of the Congo, probably not always and not everywhere accessible to an ordinary Kazakhstani tourist.

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Atdaev, Serdar J. "DYKMА-SERDAR IS A TRAGIC HERO OF A TRAGIC TIME". RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, № 1 (2024): 60–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2024-1-60-82.

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The article attempts to describe Dykma-serdar, one of the brightest characters of Turkmen history. Noting that in historiography there are almost no special studies on the man’s personality and activities, the author makes a detailed reconstruction of his life path, placing it in a broad socio-historical context. The study is conducted at the intersection of biography and prosopography: the portrait of Dykma-serdar against the background of the history of the Russian Empire’s penetration into Central Asia and incorporation of the Turkmen lands into the imperial body becomes a means of revealing certain strategies inherent in the ethnic elite of the region. Tracing the life of Dykma-serdar, the author shows how and under the influence of what factors his attitude to Russia and its presence in the region changed. Courageous, energetic, intelligent, with an undoubted talent as a military commander, having great authority both among his tribesmen and in Russian military circles, Dykma-serdar understood the inevitability of inclusion of the Turkmen lands into the empire that was superior to them economically, politically, militarily and technically. So he tried to minimize the costs of that inclusion, repeatedly joining negotiations with representatives of the Russian command and involving his relatives in the negotiation process. However, short-sighted and insulting behavior of the Russian military forced Dykma-serdar to abandon peaceful interaction. And only a personal meeting with M.D. Skobelev brought him back to the camp of negotiators. Dykma-serdar’s tragic hesitation between cooperation and confrontation were typical for representatives of his ethno-social group and well illustrate the behavior of Turkmen ethnic elites during the Great Game in Central Asia.

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Gusev, N. S. "The Fate of General Radko Dimitriev and His Memory in Context of Russian-Bulgarian Relations of the Late 19th – Early 20th centuries." MGIMO Review of International Relations 12, no. 6 (2020): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-6-69-7-27.

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This article examines the biography of the Bulgarian-born General Radko Dimitriev (1859–1918), who was convinced that the good of his homeland was inextricably linked with Russia and depended on good relations with it. For this good, he went to the overthrow of the monarch, but a decade later due to changes in the vector of Bulgarian policy was able to return home and become a hero. In 1913–1914, R. Dimitriev served as Bulgaria's envoy to Russia and tried to change the negative image of his country. With the outbreak of World War I, he joined the Russian army, and a year later in Bulgaria he was declared a deserter and a traitor. In 1918 he was executed by the Bolsheviks in Pyatigorsk, and in a few decades he became practically a symbol of friendship between the Bulgarian and Russian peoples, which led to retouching the circumstances of his death. The article traces the actions of the General and his motivation. Despite his Bulgarian origin, in 1914 he became nearly the main hero of the war in the Russian public space. The reasons for its popularity were not only in the im-portance of his victories, but also in the fact that R. Dimitriev was called the incarnation of A. V. Suvorov and M. D. Skobelev. The article shows what values, embodiments of which were these popular warlords, were characteristic this Bulgarian general. This is a personal part in the fighting, the care of soldiers, democracy in communication. Modern Russian military also has moved to a new paradigm of command, which, however, worked against their popularity among the soldiers. And at the same time, values of the commander of Suvorov's or Skobelev's types were insolvent in the conditions of revolutionary commotion, and R. Dimitriev lost control of the parts entrusted to it. Because of their gener-osity and love for Russia, he refused to take part in the Civil war that decided his death.The author declares absence of conflict of interest.

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26

Sudakov, Guriy V. "Vernacular as a base of a fiction text (on the language of the <i>Tale of Frol Skobeev</i>)." Slavic historical lexicology and lexicography, no. 5 (2022): 311–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30842/26583755202217.

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Ushakov, R. N., A. V. Ruchkina, V. I. Levin, T. Yu Ushakova, and F. Yu Bobrakov. "Justification of the approach to establishing levels of soil fertility (on the example of a farm)." Вестник российской сельскохозяйственной науки, no. 1 (February 15, 2023): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/2500-2082/2023/1/58-63.

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The information of agrochemical monitoring of elementary sections of fields allows us to study soil fertility in more detail. For example, using cluster and discriminant analysis methods to identify different levels of agricultural soil fertility. At the same time, it is necessary to comply with the criteria of grouping by fertility. 1. Low spatial contrast of agrochemical properties. If it is present (checked by indicators of asymmetry and kurtosis), then it must be weakened - to bring the data values in the sample to a normal distribution or close to it. Otherwise, information on some indicators may be veiled by extremely high values of others. 2. Reliable participation of all registered soil indicators in the allocation of several groups of sites with similar characteristics (cluster analysis). 3. Equivalent (according to Lambda-Wilkes) and reliable contribution (in terms of significance) of indicators in the allocation of fertility levels. At the same time, it is possible to determine the proportion of sites with different classes of availability of batteries or degrees of acidity. The research was carried out on the basis of data from agrochemical monitoring of soil indicators of leached chernozem of heavy loamy granulometric composition in JSC "General Skobelev", Ryazan region. Salt acidity, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, humus were determined by publicly available methods. Two fertility options have been established - conditionally level No. 1 and No.2. According to level 2, the acidity of leached chernozem is shifted to a greater extent to a slightly acidic region compared to level No. 1. The ranges of values for mobile phosphorus correspond to the average - 72-92 mg/kg (level No. 1) and elevated - 103-122 mg/kg (level No. 2) security classes, for mobile potassium - an elevated class. However, for level No. 2, the values were higher (145-167 mg/kg) compared to level No. 1 (114-138 mg/kg). A similar nature of differences was observed in humus. We believe that the information on the fertility of leached chernozem, characteristic of level No. 1, can serve as a guide for the soil of elementary areas with the worst characteristics.

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Zubarev, Sergei A. "Academic Music in the Practice of Russian Military Bands in the 19th – Early 21st Centuries." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 4 (2022): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-4-56-65.

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The article is devoted to the theoretical and practical aspects of military musicians’ arrangement practice, considered in the context of developing a system of Russian military orchestras. When studying the socio-cultural foundations of the formation and development of the art of arrangement, factors that reveal the role of Russian composers in the history of military musical culture are highlighted (such works as P.Tchaikovsky’s Skobelev March, A.Rubenstein’s Cavalry Trot are noted). The works of A.Ermolenko (The Evolution of Instrumentation in Russian Wind Music Until the 70s of the 19th Century), G.Salnikov (On the Basic Principles of Transcribing Symphonic Works for a Brass Band), D.Braslavsky (Arrangement for Variety Ensembles and Orchestras), B.Kozhevnikov (Instrumentation for a Brass Band), E.Aksenov (Problems of Theoretical Instrumentation), V.Emelyanov (Instrumentation as an Artistic Factor in Music) were used as fundamental ones to explain this issue. In the process of studying the stages of improving the system of military bands, special attention is paid to studying the features of the development of the military band service in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is noted that several works of academic music performed by military bands belong to this time: the choir and aria from the opera La Sonnambula, the duet from the opera Bianca and Fernando by V.Bellini, the overture, march, choir and a drinking song from the opera Undina by P.Tchaikovsky. In this context, the problems of the formation of the arrangement art are touched upon on the example of A.Alyabyev’s work (the use of orchestral means necessary for a full orchestral sound). When considering the features of the development of military musicians’ arrangement practice in the first half of the 20th century as well as during the collapse of the USSR, attention is paid to the processes of oblivion and revival of the traditions of orchestral wind performance, the emergence of new genres such as the drill show. In this perspective, the activities of famous military bands of the specified period are considered, for example, the Alexandrov Russian Army Song and Dance Ensemble. In conclusion, the author notes that unique conditions for the development of military musicians’ arrangement practice have been created in the national culture, making it possible to preserve the traditions of the military band service and form the value principles of academic art.

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SADULLAYEVA, Dilfuza. "THE ROLE OF A 19TH CENTURY RUSSIAN GENERAL “ MIHAIL DMITRIEVIC SKOBELEV” IN THE GOKTEPE WAR II. AGAINST THE TEKE TURKMENS (1881)." Genel Türk Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi, June 8, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53718/gttad.1061954.

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Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev, who lived between 1843-1882, is a Russian General who considerably marked the history of Russia and that of Central Asia. Known to have achieved great success during his battles against Central Asians and Teke Turkmens, he is a Russian Commander who marked the Turkmen history. The 19th century was a century of great wars for Tsarist Russia: the period when the Russians began to expand their borders and search for new lands. The first goal of the Russians was to enter the Ottoman lands and have a say in the Mediterranean. However, the Russians had lost a battle including European states: the Crimean war with the Ottoman Empire in 1856. This loss dealt a major blow to the political policy of the Russians. Nevertheless, the Russians did not give up and directed themselves towards the Central Asian lands. The region which the Russians mostly aspired in the Central Asian lands was the Turkmen lands beyond the Caspian. An occupation of the Turkmens who had lands strategically connecting trade between Caucasus and Central Asia, had become essential to the Russians. After a long strategic organisation in Petersburg against the Turkmens in order to invade them, all the discussions about who would be the commander of the Russian army during this journey were discussed by experts. In the decision taken by the commanders, D. M. Skobelev who had achieved great success in the previous Turkestan expeditions, was deemed appropriate as the commander of this one. Before the invasion of the Turkmens, on January 10, 1879, Tsar Alexander II. called Skobelev to Petersbug in order to meet with him. Czar Alexander II. therefore expanded his capacities as Skobelev came to power leading the Ahal-Teke expedition. To get the necessary aid and support, Skobelev could benefit from Turkestan and Orenburg as much as he wanted and/or needed. Due to previous Russian losses against Turkmens, Skobelev preferred to be more rigorous and cautious, but also because the geography of Central Asia was much different from the lands where the Russians lived. Otherwise, it wasn’t at all easy to invade the Turkmens as compared to other Central Asian khanates. This study particularly gives information on Tsarist Russia's failure in the first war against the Turkmens, the breakout of a second war and what happened between the Russians and Teke Turkmens on January 12, 1881 and the defeat of the Turkmens.

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Peler, Gökçe Yükselen, and Muhammed Göktürk Korkmaz. "I. GÖKTEPE (1879) VE II. GÖKTEPE (1881) SAVAŞLARINDA KOZAKLARIN ROLÜ." International Journal of Volga - Ural and Turkestan Studies, June 23, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59305/ijvuts.1494115.

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18. yüzyılda Karadeniz ve Kafkasya’ya tam olarak hâkim olamayan Rus İmparatorluğu, ticaret yollarını zapt etmek için önce Hazar Denizi’nin batı kıyılarını sonrasında ise Türkistan’ı işgal ederek Hindistan’a ulaşmayı amaçladı. 1862’de Bişkek, 1865’te Taşkent ele geçirildi. 1868’de Buhara, 1873’te Hive zapt edildi. Türkistan’ın işgali büyük ölçüde tamamlandı ancak Türkmenistan ele geçirilemedi. Türkmenistan üzerine birkaç sefer yapılsa da başarı sağlanamadı. 1879 yılında sefer sırasında kan zehirlenmesi sonucu ölen Rus komutan Lazarev’in yerine Lomakin getirildi. Lomakin de seferde başarı sağlayamadı ve görevden alındı. Yerine Skobelev getirildi. Skobelev, seleflerinden daha farklı bir yol izleyerek Kozakları aktif bir şekilde kullandı. Bu makalede, Göktepe Savaşları üzerine yapılan çalışmalardan farklı olarak Kozakların bölgeye getirilme sebepleri, getirildikten sonra savaş öncesi hazırlıklarda hangi bölgelerde ne amaç ve işlevle bulundukları ve savaş sırasındaki üstlendikleri görevler ele alınmaktadır. Skobelev’in sadece Kafkasya’dan getirilen Kuban Kozaklarını değil aynı zamanda Orenburg ve Ural Kozaklarını da aktif bir şekilde kullanması Rus zaferini hızlandıracak ve Kozakların birçok madalya ve nişan ile ödüllendirilmesine olanak sağlayacaktır.

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Astahova, Denitsa. "Theoretical conceptions of the ‘scaz’ in Russian literary studies after the 1960s." Proglas 30, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.54664/nucy9551.

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The paper traces the development of modern theoretical formulations of the ‘scaz’ as a type of artistic narrative based on sound speech in the works of N. A. Kozhevnikova, I. A. Kargashin, B. O. Korman, G. V. Sepik, V. A. Kukharenko, E. G. Mushchenko, V. P. Skobelev, L. E. Kroychik, Oge Hansen Lewe and Wolf Schmid in Russian Literary Studies and Slavic Studies after the 1960s. An overview of the narrative definitions in scholarly literature is presented, through which the connections of continuity between the classical and modern concepts of the narrative are derived.

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ÖZKAN, Ayşe. "93 HARBİ’NDE YABANCI GÖNÜLLÜLER." Belgi Dergisi, June 23, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33431/belgi.1306776.

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Rus Çarı II. Aleksandr, 24 Nisan 1877’de Osmanlı Devleti’ne savaş ilan etmiştir. Savaş öncesinde 1876 Osmanlı-Sırp-Karadağ Savaşı sırasında ordusunu kısmen seferber eden Rusya, 15 Nisan 1877’de tekrar seferberlik ilan etmiştir. Rusya kendi egemenliği altındaki bölgelerden 16 askeri bölge oluşturmuş ve buralardan asker alımı yapmıştır. 13 Ocak 18774 tarihli mevzuat ile askerliği zorunlu hale getiren Rusya, gönüllülüğün şartlarını da belirlemiştir. Kendi gönüllüleri dışında Rus ordusuna Fransız, Alman, Avusturyalı, Sırp, Japon subaylar da katılırken, Karadağlılar ve Kafkasyalılar da destek olmuşlardır. Ruslar özellikle Bulgarlardan gönüllü taburları kurmuş ve onları kışkırtmıştır. Özellikle Tümgeneral Stoletov ve Grandük Nikola’nın emrindeki Bulgar gönüllüleri ile General Skobelev de çok ilgilenmiştir. Girdikleri topraklarda arka arkaya bildiriler yayınlayan ve savaşı adeta bir Haçlı Seferi’ne çeviren Rus Çarı sayesinde Ruslar ve Bulgarlar Müslümanlara her türlü kötülüğü yapmışlardır. Bir diğer Osmanlı Devleti’ne bağlı prenslik olan Romanya da Ruslara çok destek olmuştur. 22 Mayıs 1877’de Rusya’nın yanında savaşa giren Romanya her türlü kolaylığı Bulgarlar ile birlikte Rus ordusuna göstermiştir. Yaptığı ittifak anlaşmasıyla Rus ordusuna tüm desteğini veren Romanya savaş sonucu imzalanan antlaşma ile umduğunu bulamayacaktır. Sırbistan, Plevne’nin düşmesinden sonra 13 Aralık 1877’de savaşa dahil olmuştur. 31 Aralık 1878’de ateşkes imzalanana kadar 6 haftalık bir süreçte savaşan Sırbistan’a Rusya maddi anlamda destek olmuştur. Yunanistan ise tarafsız gibi görünse de gönüllü toplamaya ve silahlanmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’ne savaş açmak için uygun bir zamanı kollayan Yunanistan Ocak-Şubat 1878’de harekete geçmiş ve Yunan birlikleri Osmanlı topraklarına girmiştir. Ancak Rusya ve Osmanlı Devleti arasında 31 Ocak 1878’de ateşkes imzalandığını öğrenince geri adım atmıştır. Kendi aralarında ittifak oluşturmaya çalışan Yunanistan, Sırbistan, Karadağ ve Romanya Prenslikleri bu emellerini Balkan Savaşları’nda gerçekleştireceklerdir.

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Сенин, А. С. "The Road to Kushka." Istoricheskii vestnik, no. 33(2020) (December 10, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.35549/hr.2020.2020.33.007.

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После успешного похода М.Д. Скобелева в 1880-1881 гг. и присоединения Мерва Россия в 1885 г. заняла Пендинский оазис, который стал самой южной точкой государственной границы Российской империи. Для закрепления за собой этой территории Военное министерство и администрация Туркестанского края стали добиваться строительства железнодорожного пути вглубь Средней Азии. Закаспийская железная дорога в 1886 г. дошла до Мерва и прокладывалась далее на Самарканд. Однако долина р. Мургаб и Гератская провинция Афганистана рассматривались как наиболее сложный театр военных действий. В статье рассказывается о создании самой южной российской железной дороги от Мерва к крепости Кушка на афганской границе. Несмотря на тяжёлые природные и климатические условия, этот путь – Мургабская ветка – была спроектирована и построена усилиями российских военных инженеров в 1897–1898 гг; финансировалось строительство по смете Главного штаба Военного министерства; общая стоимость всех строительных работ составила 8 718 931 руб. After the 1880–1881 Campaign, carried out by General M.D. Skobelev, and the annexation of Merv, Russia occupied the Pendinsky oasis in 1885, which became the southernmost point on the borders of the Russian Empire. To secure this territory, the Military Ministry and the Administration of Turkestan called for a railroad system to be built, penetrating Central Asia. In 1886, the Transcaspian Railroad reached Merv and moved on to Samarkand. Yet the Murgab River valley and the Great Province of Afghanistan were seen as the most complicated potential theatre of war. The article examines the construction of the southernmost Russian railroad system – from Merv to the Kushka Fortress on the Afghan border. Despite the difficult natural obstacles and climate, the Murgab Railroad was successfully built by the Russian military engineers in 1897–1898, being financed by the General Staff of the Ministry of War. The construction cost 8 718 931 rubles.

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"Historical Aspects of the Interaction between the Russian Red Cross Society and the Military medical Service of the Russian Army in the Akhal-Teke Campaign of M.D. Skobelev (1880–1881)." Bylye Gody 18, no. 3 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.13187/bg.2023.3.1356.

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