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1

Yu, X. Z., D. Morikawa, K. Nakajima, et al. "Motion tracking of 80-nm-size skyrmions upon directional current injections." Science Advances 6, no. 25 (2020): eaaz9744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz9744.

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Nanometer-scale skyrmions are prospective candidates for information bits in low–power consumption devices owing to their topological nature and controllability with low current density. Studies on skyrmion dynamics in different classes of materials have exploited the topological Hall effect and current-driven fast motion of skyrmionic bubbles. However, the small current track motion of a single skyrmion and few-skyrmion aggregates remains elusive. Here, we report the tracking of creation and extinction and motion of 80-nm-size skyrmions upon directional one–current pulse excitations at low cu
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2

Shimojima, Takahiro, Asuka Nakamura, Xiuzhen Yu, et al. "Nano-to-micro spatiotemporal imaging of magnetic skyrmion’s life cycle." Science Advances 7, no. 25 (2021): eabg1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg1322.

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Magnetic skyrmions are self-organized topological spin textures that behave like particles. Because of their fast creation and typically long lifetime, experimental verification of skyrmion’s creation/annihilation processes has been challenging. Here, we successfully track skyrmion dynamics in defect-introduced Co9Zn9Mn2 by using pump-probe Lorentz transmission electron microscope. Following the nanosecond photothermal excitation, we resolve 160-nm skyrmion’s proliferation at <1 ns, contraction at 5 ns, drift from 10 ns to 4 μs, and coalescence at ~5 μs. These motions relay the multiscale a
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3

Shu, Yun, Qianrui Li, Jing Xia, et al. "Realization of the skyrmionic logic gates and diodes in the same racetrack with enhanced and modified edges." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 4 (2022): 042402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0097152.

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Magnetic skyrmions are topological quasiparticles with nanoscale size and high mobility, which have potential applications in information storage and spintronic devices. Here, we computationally investigate the dynamics of isolated skyrmions in a ferromagnetic racetrack, where magnetic properties of the edges are enhanced and modified, forming a channel with lower magnetic anisotropy for skyrmion motion. It is found that the rectangular notch at the edge can have a pinning effect on the skyrmion and enrich the dynamics of the skyrmion. Based on the racetrack with modified edges and the notch,
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4

Zhao, Xuebing, Chiming Jin, Chao Wang, et al. "Direct imaging of magnetic field-driven transitions of skyrmion cluster states in FeGe nanodisks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 18 (2016): 4918–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600197113.

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Magnetic skyrmion is a nanosized magnetic whirl with nontrivial topology, which is highly relevant for applications on future memory devices. To enable the applications, theoretical efforts have been made to understand the dynamics of individual skyrmions in magnetic nanostructures. However, directly imaging the evolution of highly geometrically confined individual skyrmions is challenging. Here, we report the magnetic field-driven dynamics of individual skyrmions in FeGe nanodisks with diameters on the order of several skyrmion sizes by using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. In contr
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5

Chudnovsky, Eugene M. "Dynamics of skyrmion contraction and expansion in a magnetic film." Low Temperature Physics 49, no. 12 (2023): 1413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0022367.

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Contraction and expansion of skyrmions in ferromagnetic films are investigated. In centrosymmetric systems, the dynamics of a collapsing skyrmion is driven by dissipation. The collapse time has a minimum on the damping constant. In systems with broken inversion symmetry, the evolution of skyrmions toward equilibrium size is driven by the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. Expressions describing the time dependence of the skyrmion size are derived and their implications for skyrmion-based information processing are discussed.
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6

Lin, Jia-Qiang, Ji-Pei Chen, Zhen-Yu Tan, et al. "Manipulation of Skyrmion Motion Dynamics for Logical Device Application Mediated by Inhomogeneous Magnetic Anisotropy." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (2022): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020278.

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Magnetic skyrmions are promising potential information carriers for future spintronic devices owing to their nanoscale size, non-volatility and high mobility. In this work, we demonstrate the controlled manipulation of skyrmion motion and its implementation in a new concept of racetrack logical device by introducing an inhomogeneous perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) via micromagnetic simulation. Here, the inhomogeneous PMA can be introduced by a capping nano-island that serves as a tunable potential barriers/well which can effectively modulate the size and shape of isolated skyrmion. Usi
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7

Bao, Bei, Mingming Yang, and Ming Yan. "Asymmetric Motion of Magnetic Skyrmions in Ferromagnetic Nanotubes Induced by a Magnetic Field." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (2022): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061195.

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Magnetic skyrmions, featuring topological stability and low driving current density, are believed to be a promising candidate of information carriers. One of the obstacles to application is the skyrmion Hall effect, which can lead to the annihilation of moving skyrmions at the lateral boundary of thin-film tracks. In order to resolve this issue, it was recently proposed to exploit ferromagnetic nanotubes as alternative skyrmion guides. In this work, we investigate the field-effect of current-driven skyrmion motion in nanotubes using micromagnetic simulations. It is found that, in the presence
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8

Coelho, Rodrigo C. V., Mykola Tasinkevych, and Margarida M. Telo da Gama. "Dynamics of flowing 2D skyrmions." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, no. 3 (2021): 034001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac2ca9.

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Abstract We investigate, numerically, the effects of externally imposed material flows on the structure and temporal evolution of liquid crystal (LC) skyrmions. The dynamics of a 2D system of skyrmions is modeled using the Ericksen–Leslie theory, which is based on two coupled equations, one for material flow and the other for the director field. As the time scales of the velocity and director fields differ by several orders of magnitude for realistic values of the system parameters, we have simplified the calculations by assuming that the velocity relaxes instantaneously when compared to the r
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9

Coelho, Rodrigo C. V., Mykola Tasinkevych, and Margarida M. Telo da Gama. "Dynamics of flowing 2D skyrmions." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, no. 3 (2021): 034001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac2ca9.

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Abstract We investigate, numerically, the effects of externally imposed material flows on the structure and temporal evolution of liquid crystal (LC) skyrmions. The dynamics of a 2D system of skyrmions is modeled using the Ericksen–Leslie theory, which is based on two coupled equations, one for material flow and the other for the director field. As the time scales of the velocity and director fields differ by several orders of magnitude for realistic values of the system parameters, we have simplified the calculations by assuming that the velocity relaxes instantaneously when compared to the r
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10

Li, Yang, and Hua Pang. "The skyrmion annihilations induced by local reversal of background field in a skyrmion lattice." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 20 (2022): 205303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac4a39.

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Abstract The understanding of the creation and annihilation dynamics of a magnetic skyrmion is significant due to its potential applications in information storage and spintronics. Although there have been extensive investigations on the annihilation of isolated skyrmions, topological annihilation in a periodic skyrmion lattice is a more complex process. We report a micromagnetic simulation study about the annihilation process of a two-dimensional (2D) skyrmion triangular lattice triggered by a uniform field H REV of comparable size to the skyrmion, which is opposite to the direction of the ba
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11

Brearton, Richard, Maciej W. Olszewski, Shilei Zhang, et al. "Skyrmions in anisotropic magnetic fields: strain and defect driven dynamics." MRS Advances 4, no. 11-12 (2019): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.43.

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ABSTRACTMagnetic skyrmions are particle-like, topologically protected magnetization entities that are promising candidates for information carriers in racetrack-memory schemes. The transport of skyrmions in a shift-register-like fashion is crucial for their embodiment in practical devices. Recently, we demonstrated experimentally that chiral skyrmions in Cu2OSeO3 can be effectively manipulated by a magnetic field gradient, leading to a collective rotation of the skyrmion lattice with well-defined dynamics in a radial field gradient. Here, we employ a skyrmion particle model to numerically stud
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12

Shigenaga, Takayuki, and Andrey O. Leonov. "Harnessing Skyrmion Hall Effect by Thickness Gradients in Wedge-Shaped Samples of Cubic Helimagnets." Nanomaterials 13, no. 14 (2023): 2073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13142073.

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The skyrmion Hall effect, which is regarded as a significant hurdle for skyrmion implementation in thin-film racetrack devices, is theoretically shown to be suppressed in wedge-shaped nanostructures of cubic helimagnets. Under an applied electric current, ordinary isolated skyrmions with the topological charge 1 were found to move along the straight trajectories parallel to the wedge boundaries. Depending on the current density, such skyrmion tracks are located at different thicknesses uphill along the wedge. Numerical simulations show that such an equilibrium is achieved due to the balance be
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13

Liu, Jiahao, Zidong Wang, Teng Xu, et al. "The 20-nm Skyrmion Generated at Room Temperature by Spin-Orbit Torques." Chinese Physics Letters 39, no. 1 (2022): 017501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/39/1/017501.

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The discovery of magnetic skyrmions provides a promising pathway for developing functional spintronic memory and logic devices. Towards the future high-density memory application, nanoscale skyrmions with miniaturized diameters, ideally down to 20 nm are required. Using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism transmission microscopy, nanoscale skyrmions are observed in the [Pt/Co/Ir]15 multilayer at room temperature. In particular, small skyrmions with minimum diameters approaching 20 nm could be generated by the current-induced spin-orbit torques. Through implementing material specific parameters,
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14

Zhong, Anruo, Xiaoming Lan, Yangfan Hu, and Biao Wang. "Dynamics and stability of skyrmions in a bent nano-beam." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 3 (2022): 033019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3a82.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are attracting much attention due to their nontrivial topology and high mobility to electric current. Nevertheless, suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect and maintaining high velocity of skyrmions with low energy cost are two major challenges concerning skyrmion-based spintronic devices. Here we show theoretically that in a nano-beam suffering appropriate bending moment, both Bloch-type and Néel-type skyrmions move with a vanishing Hall angle under a current density smaller than that required when the bending is absent. Moreover, bending alone can be used to move
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15

Wu, Kai, Sheng Yang, Yuelei Zhao, Xue Liang, Xiangjun Xing, and Yan Zhou. "Tunable skyrmion–edge interaction in magnetic multilayers by interlayer exchange coupling." AIP Advances 12, no. 5 (2022): 055210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0084546.

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Magnetic skyrmions are appealing for applications in emerging topological spintronic devices. However, when magnetic skyrmions in a nanowire are driven by an in-plane current, a transverse Magnus force deflects their trajectories from the current direction, which tends to push the skyrmion toward the edge. If the current density is exceedingly large, the skyrmion will be annihilated around the edge, leading to a greatly reduced propagation distance and a maximum speed of the skyrmion, which is detrimental to skyrmion-based spintronic applications. Here, we prepare a magnetic multilayer Ta/[Pt/
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16

Pham, Van Tuong, Naveen Sisodia, Ilaria Di Manici, et al. "Fast current-induced skyrmion motion in synthetic antiferromagnets." Science 384, no. 6693 (2024): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.add5751.

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Magnetic skyrmions are topological magnetic textures that hold great promise as nanoscale bits of information in memory and logic devices. Although room-temperature ferromagnetic skyrmions and their current-induced manipulation have been demonstrated, their velocity has been limited to about 100 meters per second. In addition, their dynamics are perturbed by the skyrmion Hall effect, a motion transverse to the current direction caused by the skyrmion topological charge. Here, we show that skyrmions in compensated synthetic antiferromagnets can be moved by current along the current direction at
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17

Ahrens, Valentin, Luca Gnoli, Domenico Giuliano, et al. "Skyrmion velocities in FIB irradiated W/CoFeB/MgO thin films." AIP Advances 12, no. 3 (2022): 035325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000287.

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In recent years magnetic skyrmions attracted great attention for the possibility to move them with low current density, their intrinsic stability and their robustness against defects and edge roughness compared to other magnetic textures. For applications, it is very important to be able to influence the behaviour of skyrmions locally. In this article, we present an evaluation on the effects of FIB Ga+ irradiation on skyrmion motion in W/CoFeB/MgO thin films. The influence of FIB irradiation is evaluated both, in terms of modification of the skyrmion Hall angle and the skyrmion velocity. An ov
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18

Cai, Na, Xin Zhang, Yong Hu, and Yan Liu. "Nontraditional Movement Behavior of Skyrmion in a Circular-Ring Nanotrack." Nanomaterials 13, no. 22 (2023): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13222977.

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Magnetic skyrmions are considered promising candidates for use as information carriers in future spintronic devices. To achieve the development of skyrmion-based spintronic devices, a reasonable and feasible nanotrack is essential. In this paper, we conducted a study on the current-driven skyrmion movement in a circular-ring-shaped nanotrack. Our results suggest that the asymmetry of the inside and outside boundary of the circular ring changed the stable position of the skyrmion, causing it to move like the skyrmion Hall effect when driven by currents. Moreover, the asymmetric boundaries have
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19

Xu, Min, Zhiyu Zhang, Jinyu Zhang, et al. "Current-driven magnetic skyrmion diodes controlled by voltage gates in synthetic antiferromagnets." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 15 (2023): 152404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0142460.

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Magnetic skyrmions, as promising candidates in various spintronic devices, have been widely studied owing to their particle-like properties, nanoscale size, and low driving current density. Here, we numerically and theoretically investigate the dynamics of current-driven skyrmion passing through a voltage gate in a synthetic antiferromagnetic racetrack. It is found that the critical current required for skyrmion to pass through the voltage gate positively is much less than that for skyrmion to pass through the gate negatively. Furthermore, we systematically study the linear dependence of the m
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20

Castillo-Sepúlveda, Sebastián, Javier A. Vélez, Rosa M. Corona, Vagson L. Carvalho-Santos, David Laroze, and Dora Altbir. "Skyrmion Dynamics in a Double-Disk Geometry under an Electric Current: Part Two." Nanomaterials 12, no. 21 (2022): 3793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12213793.

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Using numerical simulations, we studied the dynamics of two skyrmions nucleated in a double-disk structure. Depending on the geometry and the electric current, different regimes for the dynamical behavior of the skyrmions were obtained. Our results evidence that there are four main dynamic regimes depending on the geometry and current: stagnation points, oscillatory motion, and two types of skyrmion annihilation: partial and total. Our findings are explained as a result of the different forces that skyrmions are subject to and are shown in a state diagram of the dynamical states that allow an
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21

Dai, Y. Y., H. Wang, T. Yang, and Z. D. Zhang. "Resonant excitation of coupled skyrmions by spin-transfer torque." International Journal of Modern Physics B 30, no. 02 (2016): 1550254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215502549.

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Resonant excitations of coupled skyrmions in Co/Ru/Co nanodisks activated by spin-transfer torque (STT) have been studied by micromagnetic simulations. It is found that STT is an effective method to manipulate skyrmion dynamics. Unlike the dynamics driven by a microwave field, two skyrmions with opposite chiralities move synchronously in the same direction when they are driven by STT, which makes it easier to observe the dynamics of coupled skyrmions in experiments. Resonant excitations of coupled skyrmions can be controlled by changing the frequency or amplitude ratio of a dual-frequency alte
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22

Ourdani, Djoudi, Mohamed Belmeguenai, Mihai Gabor, Andrey Stashkevich, and Yves Roussigné. "Theoretical Investigation of Skyrmion Dynamics in Pt/Co/MgO Nanodots." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217474.

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In this article, we present a numerical study on stabilization and eigenmodes of the so-called skyrmion chiral spin texture in nanometric dots. The first aim of this study is to identify the appropriate multilayer in a set of Pt/Co/MgO structures with different Co thicknesses that have been previously experimentally characterized. Stabilization occurs if the energy favoring skyrmions is greater than the geometric mean of the exchange and anisotropy energies. Both the energy favoring skyrmions and the anisotropy contribution depend on the Co thickness. The appropriate multilayer is obtained for
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23

Wang, Kang, Yiou Zhang, Vineetha Bheemarasetty, Shiyu Zhou, See-Chen Ying, and Gang Xiao. "Single skyrmion true random number generator using local dynamics and interaction between skyrmions." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28334-4.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are of great interest to both fundamental research and applications in post-von-Neumann computing devices. The successful implementation of skyrmionic devices requires functionalities of skyrmions with effective controls. Here we show that the local dynamics of skyrmions, in contrast to the global dynamics of a skyrmion as a whole, can be introduced to provide effective functionalities for versatile computing. A single skyrmion interacting with local pinning centres under thermal effects can fluctuate in time and switch between a small-skyrmion and a large-skyrmion s
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24

Weißenhofer, Markus, and Ulrich Nowak. "Topology dependence of skyrmion Seebeck and skyrmion Nernst effect." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10550-z.

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AbstractWe explore the dynamics of skyrmions with various topological charges induced by a temperature gradient in an ultra-thin insulating magnetic film. Combining atomistic spin simulations and analytical calculations we find a topology-dependent skyrmion Seebeck effect: while skyrmions and antiskyrmions move to the hot regime, a topologically trivial localized spin structure moves to the cold regime. We further reveal the emergence of a skyrmion Nernst effect, i.e. finite, topology-dependent velocities transverse to the direction of the temperature gradient. These findings are in agreement
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Weißenhofer, Markus, and Ulrich Nowak. "Topology dependence of skyrmion Seebeck and skyrmion Nernst effect." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10550-z.

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AbstractWe explore the dynamics of skyrmions with various topological charges induced by a temperature gradient in an ultra-thin insulating magnetic film. Combining atomistic spin simulations and analytical calculations we find a topology-dependent skyrmion Seebeck effect: while skyrmions and antiskyrmions move to the hot regime, a topologically trivial localized spin structure moves to the cold regime. We further reveal the emergence of a skyrmion Nernst effect, i.e. finite, topology-dependent velocities transverse to the direction of the temperature gradient. These findings are in agreement
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26

Zhou, Wenjie, and Lan Zhang. "Topological control of optical skyrmions for logic operations via vortex beam." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, June 23, 2025. https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ade755.

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Abstract Optical skyrmions, as topologically protected vector textures, hold promise for high-density photonic devices, yet their dynamic control remains constrained by the flexibility of nanostructures. In this work, we demonstrate the controllable excitation of optical skyrmions and skyrmionium using circularly polarized vortex beam with OAM. Breaking the symmetry of skyrmion plasmonic structures, we generate optical skyrmion pairs and elucidate the coupling dynamics between the optical vortex and the skyrmion textures. The vortex beam-driven optical skyrmion logic operator is proposed, whic
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27

Brearton, R., L. A. Turnbull, J. A. T. Verezhak, et al. "Deriving the skyrmion Hall angle from skyrmion lattice dynamics." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22857-y.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are topologically non-trivial, swirling magnetization textures that form lattices in helimagnetic materials. These magnetic nanoparticles show promise as high efficiency next-generation information carriers, with dynamics that are governed by their topology. Among the many unusual properties of skyrmions is the tendency of their direction of motion to deviate from that of a driving force; the angle by which they diverge is a materials constant, known as the skyrmion Hall angle. In magnetic multilayer systems, where skyrmions often appear individually, not arranging t
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Luo, Jia, Jia Hao Guo, Yun He Hou, et al. "Manipulating Skyrmion Motion on a Nanotrack with Varied Material Parameters and Tilted Spin Currents." Chinese Physics Letters, August 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/40/9/097501.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are topological quasiparticles with nanoscale size and high mobility, which have potential applications in information storage and spintronic devices. The manipulation of skyrmion’s dynamics in the track is an important topic due to the skyrmion Hall effect, which can deviate the skyrmions from the preferred direction. In this paper, a new model based on the ferromagnetic FM skyrmion is proposed, where the skyrmion velocity can be well controlled by adjusting the direction of the current. Using this design, we can avoid the annihilation of the skyrmion induced by th
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Zhu, Zhaozhao, Tiankuo Xu, Yang Gao, et al. "Control of half-skyrmion movement for possible applications in memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing prototype devices." Applied Physics Reviews 11, no. 2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0197833.

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The topological (anti)skyrmion configurations have presented promise for versatile spintronic applications in racetrack memory, logic gates, and bio-inspired computing due to the nontrivial spin topology and convenient current-driven dynamics. However, the precise control of (anti)skyrmion-based information unit transportation via electric current in conquer of skyrmion Hall effect remains challenging especially in ferromagnetic films, limiting their integration into spintronic devices. In this study, we demonstrate the density, velocity, and direction control of half-skyrmion, with a topologi
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Mishra, Kishan K., Aijaz H. Lone, Srikant Srinivasan, Hossein Fariborzi, and Gianluca Setti. "Magnetic skyrmion: from fundamental physics to pioneering applications." Applied Physics Reviews 12, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0223004.

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Skyrmionic devices exhibit energy-efficient and high-integration data storage and computing capabilities due to their small size, topological protection, and low drive current requirements. So, to realize these devices, an extensive study, from fundamental physics to practical applications, becomes essential. In this article, we present an exhaustive review of the advancements in understanding the fundamental physics behind magnetic skyrmions and the novel data storage and computing technologies based on them. We begin with an in-depth discussion of fundamental concepts such as topological pro
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31

Bo, Lan, Xichao Zhang, Masahito Mochizuki, and Xuefeng Zhang. "Suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect in synthetic ferrimagnets with gradient magnetization." Physical Review Research 6, no. 2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.023199.

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Magnetic skyrmions are promising building blocks for future spintronic devices. However, the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE) remains an obstacle for practical applications based on the in-line transport of skyrmions. Here, we numerically study the static properties and current-driven dynamics of synthetic ferrimagnetic skyrmions. Inspired by graded-index magnonics, we introduce a linear gradient of saturation magnetization (Ms) in the skyrmion-hosting sample, which effectively modulates the skyrmion Hall angle and suppresses the SkHE. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that ferrimagnetic skyrmions c
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32

KAVIRAJ, BHASKAR, and Jaivardhan Sinha. "Review—Magnetic Skyrmions in Chiral Ferromagnets: Electrical Transport Properties and Device Applications." ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology, October 31, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ac9eda.

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Abstract We provide an overview of skyrmion dynamics in the transport behavior of skyrmions based on the existing theoretical and experimental works in addition to the device applications. Swirling spin textures, namely skyrmions, are expected to play an extremely important role in future energy efficient spintronic devices. We emphasize specifically the electrical control of the skyrmion dynamics from the fundamental to application point of view. To begin, we discuss the role of antisymmetric exchange interaction, namely the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which has its origin in spin-orbi
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33

Gruber, Raphael, Maarten A. Brems, Jan Rothörl, et al. "300 Times Increased Diffusive Skyrmion Dynamics and Effective Pinning Reduction by Periodic Field Excitation." February 4, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202208922.

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Thermally induced skyrmion dynamics as well as skyrmion pinning effects in thin films have attracted significant interest. While pinning poses challenges in deterministic skyrmion devices and slows down skyrmion diffusion, for applications in non-conventional computing, both pinning of an appropriate strength and skyrmion diffusion speed are key. Here, we employ periodic field excitations to realize an increase of the skyrmion diffusion by more than two orders of magnitude. Amplifying the excitation, we report a drastic reduction of the effective skyrmion pinning and observe a transition from
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34

Shi, Shengbin, Yunhong Zhao, Jiajun Sun, Xu Hou, Hao-Miao Zhou, and Jie Wang. "Dynamic Behavior of Skyrmion Collision: Spiral and Breath." New Journal of Physics, August 14, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/aceff5.

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Abstract A magnetic skyrmion is a particle-like topological soliton, which is an ideal candidate for developing high-density storage and logic devices due to its nonvolatility and tunability. In view of the particle motion characteristics of skyrmion, different skyrmions in a material inevitably interact in the form of short-range repulsion and long-range attraction. In this work, the dynamic characteristics of skyrmion collision in a ferromagnetic Co thin film are investigated by using micromagnetic simulations. It is found that the dynamic behavior of skyrmion after collision is highly depen
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35

Winkler, Thomas Brian, Jan Rothörl, Maarten A. Brems, Grischa Beneke, Hans Fangohr, and Mathias Kläui. "Coarse-graining collective skyrmion dynamics in confined geometries." Applied Physics Letters 124, no. 2 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0187446.

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Magnetic skyrmions are magnetic quasi-particles with enhanced stability and different manipulation mechanisms using external fields and currents, making them promising candidates for future applications such as neuromorphic computing. Recently, several measurements and simulations have shown that thermally activated skyrmions in confined geometries, as they are necessary for device applications, arrange themselves predominantly based on commensurability effects. In this simulational study, based on the Thiele model, we investigate the enhanced dynamics and degenerate non-equilibrium steady sta
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Al Saidi, W., Rachid Sbiaa, S. Bhatti, SN Piramanayagam, and Suleiman Al Risi. "Dynamics of interacting skyrmions in magnetic nano-track." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, May 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/acd78d.

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Abstract Controlling multiple skyrmions in nanowires is important for their implementation in racetrack memory or neuromorphic computing. Here, we report on the dynamical behavior of two interacting skyrmions in confined devices with a comparison to a single skyrmion case. Although the two skyrmions shrink near the edges and follow a helical path, their behavior is different. Because the leading skyrmion is between the edge and the trailing one, its size is reduced further and collapses at a lower current density compared to the single skyrmion case. For higher current density, both skyrmions
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37

Ran, Kejing, Wancong Tan, Xinyu Sun, et al. "Bending skyrmion strings under two-dimensional thermal gradients." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49288-9.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are topologically protected magnetization vortices that form three-dimensional strings in chiral magnets. With the manipulation of skyrmions being key to their application in devices, the focus has been on their dynamics within the vortex plane, while the dynamical control of skyrmion strings remained uncharted territory. Here, we report the effective bending of three-dimensional skyrmion strings in the chiral magnet MnSi in orthogonal thermal gradients using small angle neutron scattering. This dynamical behavior is achieved by exploiting the temperature-dependent s
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Shen, Laichuan, and Ka Shen. "Anomalous skyrmion drag in magnetic multilayers." npj Spintronics 3, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44306-025-00088-x.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmion, one of the intriguing topological textures in magnetic materials, exhibits various excellent properties for fundamental research and realistic application. The particle-like nature of skyrmion also offers a suitable platform to study many-body effect, which is however largely unexplored. In the present work, we demonstrate interlayer skyrmion drag in partially driven magnetic multilayers through micromagnetic simulations. While a small driving current leads to a conventional drag with passive skyrmion motion following the active skyrmions, a large current is found t
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Chhabra, Hitesh, Jayaseelan Dhakshinamoorthy, and Ajaya Kumar Nayak. "Manipulation of hybrid skyrmion dynamics by step DMI approach." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, June 3, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ad5356.

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Abstract The topological protected magnetic state, which plays a pivotal role against any continuous deformation of a magnetic skyrmion, comes with an unwanted skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE) that poses a significant challenge in the practical application. Here we present a detailed micromagnetic simulation study that delves into a controlled manipulation of skyrmion dynamics through a subtle engineering of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in a hybrid skyrmion based racetrack. In particular, we introduce a gradient variation of bulk and interfacial DMIs, which results into a parabolic traje
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Xu, Min, Xiaoyu Zhao, Jianyu Ning, et al. "Dynamics of converting skyrmion bags with different topological degrees into skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnetic nanotracks." Journal of Applied Physics 136, no. 15 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0231631.

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Skyrmion bags are spin textures with any integer topological degree, which can be driven by spin-polarized currents and generate multiple skyrmions when passing through racetracks with special geometries. We have proposed three nanotrack configurations with different narrow channels on synthetic antiferromagnetic racetracks and investigated the dynamic process of current-induced conversion of skyrmion bags into skyrmions. We have found that when skyrmion bags enter narrow channels, they can be converted into magnetic domains, while when the driving force from spin-transfer torque is strong eno
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Bo, Lan, Rongzhi Zhao, Xichao Zhang, Masahito Mochizuki, and Xuefeng Zhang. "Global rotation of skyrmion bags under vertical microwave fields." Journal of Applied Physics 135, no. 6 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0187825.

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Magnetic skyrmion bags are composite topological spin textures with arbitrary topological charges. Here, we computationally study the transient rotational motion of skyrmion bags, which is characterized by a global rotation of inner skyrmions around the central point. Distinct from conventional rotational modes found in skyrmions, the observed rotation is a forced motion associated with the breathing mode induced solely by vertical microwave fields. The driving force behind this rotation originates from the interactions between outer and inner skyrmions, with the angular velocity determined by
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Iroulart, Esteban Andrés, and Hector Diego Rosales. "Skyrmion-skyrmion interaction induced by itinerant electrons in a ferromagnetic strip." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, November 24, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/aca5dc.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are promising spin textures for building next-generation magnetic memories and spintronic devices. Nevertheless, one of the major challenges in realizing skyrmion-based devices is the stabilization of ordered arrays of these spin textures in different geometries. Here we numerically study the skyrmion-skyrmion interaction potential that arises due to the dynamics of itinerant electrons coupled to the magnetic texture in a ferromagnetic background with racetrack geometry. We consider different topological textures (ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM)), nam
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Tan, Anthony K. C., Pin Ho, James Lourembam, et al. "Visualizing the strongly reshaped skyrmion Hall effect in multilayer wire devices." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24114-8.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are nanoscale spin textures touted as next-generation computing elements. When subjected to lateral currents, skyrmions move at considerable speeds. Their topological charge results in an additional transverse deflection known as the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE). While promising, their dynamic phenomenology with current, skyrmion size, geometric effects and disorder remain to be established. Here we report on the ensemble dynamics of individual skyrmions forming dense arrays in Pt/Co/MgO wires by examining over 20,000 instances of motion across currents and fields. Th
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Yang, Xiaoxue, Xiaolin Ai, Xin Liu, et al. "Skyrmion motion monitoring based on a ferromagnetic nanodot chain." Applied Physics Letters 125, no. 17 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0233449.

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As one of the most promising information carriers, the generation, manipulation, and detection of magnetic skyrmions have emerged as a hot topic in the field of spintronics. However, a major bottleneck to their practical application lies in the existing limitations of detection technology, which fails to accurately locate skyrmions or monitor their real-time motion behavior. In this work, we propose a patterned heterostructure scheme comprising a nanodot chain (NDC) layer and a skyrmion nano-racetrack layer for precise monitoring of skyrmion motion. By exploiting the stray field generated by t
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Yang, Yang, Yahui Ji, Chenye Zhang, and Tianxiang Nan. "Magnetic Skyrmion Dynamics Induced by Surface Acoustic Waves." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, January 30, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/acb71f.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are promising information carriers for high-density memories. The dynamical motion of magnetic skyrmions have been extensively investigated in the development of magnetic racetracks. In this study, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is theoretically investigated to drive skyrmions by using micromagnetic simulations. The in-plane type and out-of-plane displacement components of SAWs generate different magnetoelastic effective fields. The shear horizontal (SH) wave mode SAW drives skyrmions flow movement by the magnetoelastic coupling effect. Increasing the acoustic wave a
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da Silva, Ricardo Lopes, Rodrigo Costa Silva, and Afranio Rodrigues Pereira. "Affecting the structure of skyrmions by using ferromagnetic nanodisks with inhomogeneous properties: switching the skyrmion helicity and polarity." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, October 19, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac9b6d.

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Abstract Topological stability of skyrmions is an important element for using these objects in new technologies such as skyrmionics, spintronics and so on. Indeed, this kind of stability keeps the skyrmion structure unbending, shielding the information that, by chance, it could carry. On the other hand, a controlled manipulation of the skyrmion configuration could be an extra ingredient for technological applications. It is not an easy task and particularly, the control of skyrmion polarity and chirality (for Block-type), and helicity (for Néel-type) may be important in this direction. Here, w
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Xu, Min, Wenlong Chen, Yuliang Chen, et al. "A magnetic skyrmion diode based on potential well inducting effect." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, July 12, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ace6ea.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions have great potential in the application of spintronic devices due to their stable topologically protected spin configuration. To meet the needs of spintronic device design, it is necessary to manipulate the movement of the magnetic skyrmions. Here we propose a skyrmion diode based on potential well induced skyrmion motion through theoretical calculations. The potential well is generated by the voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) gradient. By utilizing the induction of the potential well as well as the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE), the velocity and trajector
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Xing, Xiangjun, and Yan Zhou. "Skyrmion motion and partitioning of domain wall velocity driven by repulsive interactions." Communications Physics 5, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42005-022-01020-z.

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AbstractMagnetic skyrmions, as a whirling spin texture with axisymmetry, cannot be propelled directly by a uniform perpendicular magnetic field. Therefore, reported skyrmion motions have been induced using other sorts of stimuli — typically, electric currents in magnetic metals. Here, we propose to drive skyrmion motion, in a uniform perpendicular field, by intrinsic repulsive interactions among an outer domain wall (DW) and magnetic skyrmions. Through micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate that the uniform perpendicular magnetic field can indeed displace magnetic skyrmions alongside the le
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Al Saidi, Warda Zayid, S. Bhatti, S. N. Piramanayagam, and Rachid Sbiaa. "Annihilation mechanisms for interacting skyrmions in magnetic nanowire." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, February 16, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ad2a10.

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Abstract Magnetic skyrmions are considered potential candidates for spintronics-based memory and logic devices. For achieving high-density and high-speed devices, it is essential to study their interactions. In this paper, the interaction, dynamics, and annihilation mechanisms of Néel skyrmions in nanowire confinement under the influence of spin-transfer torque (STT) and edge forces have been studied. Initially isolated, two Néel skyrmions are brought into proximity, leading to distinct interaction scenarios characterized by varying current densities. We explore the impact of these interaction
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P J, Krishnanjana, Bibekananda Paikaray, Chandrasekhar Murapaka, and Arabinda Haldar. "Giant tunability of microwave responses for current-driven skyrmions in a tapered nanostructure with notches." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, April 19, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/acce48.

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Abstract The investigation of gigahertz dynamics of skyrmion - a topologically protected chiral spin texture, offers several applications in high-frequency magnonic devices. In this work, we have investigated the motion and microwave resonant dynamics of skyrmions in an engineered nanostructure using micromagnetic simulations. The structure is a tapered ferromagnetic/heavy metal bilayer with notches to stabilize the skyrmion for dynamic studies. The skyrmion is moved along the nanostructure via current-induced spin-orbit torques. Multiple stable skyrmion states were demonstrated in the structu
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