Journal articles: 'Slag-Fly ash'

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Giergiczny, Zbigniew. "Fly ash and slag." Cement and Concrete Research 124 (October 2019): 105826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105826.

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Shaikh, Faiz U. A., and Anwar Hosan. "High Volume Slag and Slag-Fly Ash Blended Cement Pastes Containing Nano Silica." Materials Science Forum 967 (August 2019): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.967.205.

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This paper presents the effect of nanosilica (NS) on compressive strength and microstructure of cement paste containing high volume slag and high volume slag-fly ash blend as partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Results show that high volume slag (HVS) cement paste containing 60% slag exhibited about 4% higher compressive strength than control cement paste, while the HVS cement paste containing 70% slag maintained the similar compressive strength to control cement paste. However, about 9% and 37% reduction in compressive strength in HVS cement pastes is observed due to use of 80% and 90% slag, respectively. The high volume slag-fly ash (HVSFA) cement pastes containing total slag and fly ash content of 60% exhibited about 5%-16% higher compressive strength than control cement paste. However, significant reduction in compressive strength is observed in higher slag-fly ash blends with increasing in fly ash contents. Results also show that the addition of 1-4% NS improves the compressive strength of HVS cement paste containing 70% slag by about 9-24%. However, at higher slag contents of 80% and 90% this improvement is even higher e.g. 11-29% and 17-41%, respectively. The NS addition also improves the compressive strength by about 1-59% and 5-21% in high volume slag-fly ash cement pastes containing 21% fly ash+49%slag and 24% fly ash+56%slag, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirm the reduction of calcium hydroxide (CH) in HVS/HVSFA pastes containing NS indicating the formation of additional calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gels in the system. By combining slag, fly ash and NS in high volumes e.g. 70-80%, the carbon footprint of cement paste is reduced by 66-76% while maintains the similar compressive strength of control cement paste. Keywords: high volume slag, nanosilica, compressive strength, TGA, high volume slag-fly ash blend, CO2 emission.

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Zhang, Dong Qing, Xue Ying Li, Xin Wei Ma, and Zheng Wang. "Effects of Mineral Admixtures on the Chloride Permeability of Hydraulic Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 2082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.2082.

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The chloride permeability of concrete with slag or (20wt%, 30wt%, and 40wt% of binder) and binary slag and fly ash (the ratio of slag and fly ash 5:5, 4:6 and 6:4) was investigated in this study. The results show that the chloride permeability of concrete decreases firstly and increases latterly with the increasing of fly ash content. However, the permeability of concrete with slag decreases sharply with the slag content increases. Especially the content of slag is 40 wt%, the permeability is only 15.4% of the control concrete. The permeability of concrete using binary admixture of slag and fly ash is less than that of fly ash concrete and more than that of slag concrete.

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Ferdian Adhitia and Dewi Pertiwi. "PENGARUH VARIASI FLY ASH SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN SEMEN DENGAN COPPER SLAG PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN PASIR UNTUK BETON MUTU 42 MPA." PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa 9, no. 1 (June 4, 2020): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/pd.9.1.1676.80-86.

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Pada pabrik peleburan tembaga PT Smelting Company Gresik meghasilkan limbah berupa copper slag. Limbah copper slag memiliki beberapa keuntungan antara lain meningkatkan kuat tekan beton,mengurangi panas hidrasi, meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap sulfat dalam air laut, mengurangi serangan alkali-silika dan klorida. Pada PLTU Paiton Probolinggo terdapat hasil limbah dari pembakaran batu bara. Limbah tersebut terbagi dua. Limbah yang terbang tersebut adalah fly ash yang didapatkan dengan cara ditangkap oleh peralatan filtrasi partikel lain sebelum gas buang mencapai cerobong asap batu bara. Limbah yang turun kebawah disebut bottom ash. Penelitian ini menggunakan limbah copper slag sebagai pengganti sebagian pasir dengan fly ash pengganti sebagian semen. Variasi yang digunakan adalah 40% copper slag, 40% copper slag + 5% fly ash, 40% copper slag + 7.5% fly ash, 40% copper slag + 10% fly ash. Copper slag berasal dari PT. Smelting Company Gresik, sedangkan fly ash dari PT. Paiton.Pengujian dilakukan di PT. SCG Readymix. Pengujian dilakukan pada umur 14 hari, 28 hari, dan 56 hari. Kuat tekan beton normal diperoleh melebihi 42 Mpa, dimana kuat tekan tertinggi pada variasi 40% copper slag + 10% fly ash dengan kuat tekan 58.13 MPa pada umur 56 hari.

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Dermawan, Denny, and Mochammad Luqman Ashari. "Studi Komparasi Kelayakan Teknis dan Lingkungan Pemanfaatan Limbah B3 Sandblasting terhadap Limbah B3 Sandblasting dan Fly Ash sebagai Campuran Beton." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 15, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v15i1.25-30.

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Fly ash and sandblasting slag widely used as concrete’s builder because it contains quite high silica (SiO2) approximately 58,20% and 98,97%. Fly ash and sandblasting slag can increase concrete power pressure and contains characteristic like cement. Method of concrete making and technical feasibility test on this research use SNI standar (SNI 03-2834-2000). Environmental feasibility test use Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedur (TCLP) according PP No. 101 tahun 2014. The results of this research show that the use of sandblasting slag can increase concrete power pressure at age of immersion 28 days. Concrete power pressure with 5%; 10%; 15%; and 20% sandblasting slag are 16,32 MPa; 17,81 MPa; 18,89 MPa; and 15,24 MPa. The use of sandblasting slag and fly ash can increase concrete power pressure at age of immersion 28 days. Concrete power pressure with 5% sandblasting slag and 30% fly ash; 10% sandblasting and 25% fly ash, 15% sandblasting and 20% fly ash, and 20% sandblasting and 15% fly ash are 18,53 Mpa, 16,08 MPa, 17,20 Mpa, and 15,91 MPa. Based on the TCLP test, the concentration of heavy metal substances in 10% SBE are below the standard. Thus, it is scientifically proven to conclude that concrete with 10% and 15% sandblasting slag and 5% sandblasting slag and 30% fly ash; 15% sandblasting and 20% fly ash are technically proper and safe for the environment.

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Zhou, Mingkai, Xu Cheng, and Xiao Chen. "Studies on the Volumetric Stability and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Fly-Ash-Stabilized Steel Slag." Materials 14, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030495.

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The stability of steel-slag road materials remains a critical issue in their utilization as an aggregate base course. In this pursuit, the present study was envisaged to investigate the effects of fly ash on the mechanical properties and expansion behavior of cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag. Strength tests and expansion tests of the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag with varying additions of fly ash were carried out. The results indicate that the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag exhibited good mechanical properties. The expansion rate and the number of bulges of the stabilized material reduced with an increase in the addition. When the addition of fly ash was 30–60%, the stabilized material was not damaged due to expansion. Furthermore, the results of X-CT, XRD and SEM-EDS show that fly ash reacted with the expansive component of the steel slag. In addition, the macro structure of the stabilized material was found to be changed by an increase in the concentration of the fly ash, in order to improve the volumetric stability. Our study shows that the cement-fly-ash-stabilized steel slag exhibits good mechanical properties and volumetric stability with reasonable additions of fly ash.

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Chi, Mao Chieh, and Yen Chun Liu. "Effects of Fly Ash/Slag Ratio and Liquid/Binder Ratio on Strength of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash/Slag Mortars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 377 (August 2013): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.377.50.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of fly ash/slag ratio and liquid/binder ratio on strength of alkali-activated fly ash/slag (AAFS) mortars. Three liquid/binder ratios of 0.35, 0.5 and 0.65 and three fly ash/slag ratios of 100/0, 50/50, and 0/100 were selected as variables to design and produce mixes of AAFS mortars. The compressive strength and flexural strength of alkali-activated fly ash/slag mortars were discussed and compared with reference mortars produced using ordinary Portland cement (OPC) mortars. Based on the results, both fly ash/slag ratio and the liquid/binder ratio are significant factors influencing the strengths of AAFS mortars. The strength of AAFS mortars except alkali-activated fly ash mortars is higher than that of OPC mortars. When the fly ash/slag ratio reaches 50/50, the AAFS mortars possesses the highest strength compared with the other mortars.

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Li, Cai Yu, Lin Yang, Jian Xin Cao, and Qiu Mei Liu. "Effect of High-Calcium Fly Ash on Activity Index and Hydration Process of Phosphorous Slag Powders." Materials Science Forum 873 (September 2016): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.873.105.

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Effect of the dosage of high-calcium fly ash and fineness of phosphorous slag powders on activity index of phosphorous slag powders was explored. The hydration samples of phosphorous slag powders with high-calcium fly ash content were analyzed using XRD, DSC-TG and SEM. The results showed that activity index of phosphorous slag powders increased and then decreased with the dosage of high-calcium fly ash increasing. When the dosages of high-calcium fly ash were 15%-20%, activity indexes of phosphorous slag powders were above 1. With fineness of phosphorous slag powders increasing with ranges from 370 to 440 m2·kg-1, activity indexes of phosphorous slag powders increased with ranges from 1.028 to 1.174. High-calcium fly ash accelerated the hydration reaction of phosphorous slag powders, and promoted the increase in the strength of phosphorous slag powders glue-sand.

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Synowiec, Katarzyna. "Properties of non-standard fly ash – slag cements containing calcareous fly ash." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 3 (September 11, 2013): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2034.

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The paper presents the tests results of the properties of non - standard fly ash - slag cements composition. Both natural (unprocessed) and activated by grinding calcareous fly ash was used. It was found that the calcareous fly ash next to the granulated blast furnace slag may be a component of low - clinker cements (ca. 40%). Those cements are characterized by low heat of hydration and overdue of initial setting time in comparison with Ordinary Portland Cement, moreover they have an unfavorable effect on consistency and its upkeep in time. Production of fly ash - slag cements is possible for strength class 32,5 N when the component of cement is raw fly ash, and for strength classes 32,5 N, 32,5 R and 42,5 N when ground fly ash was used. Fly ash activated by grinding was characterized by higher activity.

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Wang, Qiang, Pei Yu Yan, and Reng Guang Liu. "Effects of Blended Steel Slag-Superfine Fly Ash Mineral Admixture and Ordinary Fly Ash on the Properties of Concrete." Materials Science Forum 743-744 (January 2013): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.743-744.323.

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The effects of blended steel slag-superfine fly ash mineral admixture and ordinary fly ash on the properties of concrete were compared in this study. The results show that, in the case of the same adding amount, blended steel slag-superfine fly ash mineral admixture and ordinary fly ash have similar effects on the early strength and chloride ion permeability of concrete. Blended mineral admixture has higher ability to improve the late strength of concrete than ordinary fly ash. Paste and concrete containing blended mineral admixture have smaller porosities than that containing ordinary fly ash. Blended steel slag-superfine fly ash is an ideal mineral admixture for concrete.

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Wei, Hong Yun, Yu Guo Wei, Xiu Li Zhang, Wei Feng Zhou, and Yuan Yuan Li. "Study on Influences of Slag Powder and Fly Ash on Concrete Penetration Performance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.570.

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The resistance to chloride ion penetration of the concrete added with slag powder and fly ash is studied in this paper. The tests show that: adding slag powder and fly ash to concrete can improve the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration; if only adding slag powder, the larger the adding content and the longer the test age, the better the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration; if only adding fly ash, the longer the test age, the better the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration; at the age of 28, 56 days, if the fly ash adding content is 30%, the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration is optimal, while at the age of 84 days, if the fly ash adding content is 40%, the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration is optimal; if adding both slag power and fly ash, the larger the adding content and the longer the test age, the better the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration; if the test age and adding content remain constant, for the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration, it is the best when adding both slag power and fly ash, it is good when adding only slag power, and it is poor when adding only fly ash; for the influences of the test age on the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration, it is maximum when adding only fly ash, it is moderate when adding both slag powder and fly ash, and it is minimum when adding only slag power; and the larger the adding content, the greater the influences of the test age on the concrete’s resistance to chloride ion penetration.

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Geng, Jian, Jian Sheng Shen, and Wei Chen. "Resistivity Characters of Concrete with Fly Ash and Slag." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1409.

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The resistivity characters of concrete with fly ash and slag are studied by four-pole method. The results indicate that concrete resistivity gradually increases with the content of fly ash or slag increasing within a given content scope. Fly ash can promote the concrete resistivity after long-term curing (＞28 days) and slag will increase the concrete resistivity during the early curing time (≤28d). When two mixed fly ash and slag, the effects of the ratio of them on concrete resistivity are similar to that of single mixed fly ash or slag. Otherwise, the change tendency of concrete resistivity are presented first increase and then drop with the content of mineral admixtures increasing, and concrete resistivity reaches the maximum when the total content is 30%.

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Zhang, Lan Fang, and Rui Yan Wang. "Experimental Study on Alkali-Activated Slag-Lithium Slag-Fly Ash Environmental Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1237.

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The aim of this paper is to study the influence of lithium-slag and fly ash on the workability , setting time and compressive strength of alkali-activated slag concrete. The results indicate that lithium-slag and fly-ash can ameliorate the workability, setting time and improve the compressive strength of alkali-activated slag concrete，and when 40% or 60% slag was replaced by lithium-slag or fly-ash, above 10 percent increase in 28-day compressive strength of concrete were obtained.

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Wang, Shu Xuan, and Ning Li. "Study on Integral Utilization of Alkaline Slag and Fly Ash." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 984–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.984.

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The compressive strength of the cementitious materials doubly with alkaline slag and fly ash are investigated in this paper. The optimum mixing way and ratio of weight were found. The hydration properties of cement binders with alkaline slag and fly ash are studied using XRD and SEM. The result shows that alkaline slag can stimulate the activity of fly ash, increase the hydration velocity of clinker mineral and improve the second hydration of fly ash.

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Li, Zi Cheng, Ai Ju Zhang, Min Juan Zhou, and Shu Heng Qiu. "Effect of Co-Doped Steelmaking Slag and Fly Ash on Performance of Permeable Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.751.

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The effect of steelmaking slag and fly ash as multi additives on permeability and mechanical properties of permeable concrete was investigated. The results show that multi binder with fly ash, steelmaking slag and cement has a significant impact on the permeability and compressive strength of permeable concrete specimen. When the co-doped admixture is added with fly ash (15 wt.% ) and steelmaking slag (10 wt.%), good mechanical properties and high permeability coefficient were obtained. Fly ash and steelmaking slag has a micro-aggregate filling effect on the concrete interface.

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Liu, Dong Mei. "Effect of Phosphorus Slag and Fly Ash on Anti-Corrosion Property of High Belite Cement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1231.

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Effect of phosphorus slag and fly ash on anti-corrosion property of high belite cement has been researched in the paper. Results show that, the anti-corrosion resistance of high belite cement is obviously higher than mediate heat cement. Admixing one of phosphorus slag and fly ash or both in cement all can improve the corrosion property, but admixing fly ash has more influence. For cement mixed with phosphorus slag and fly ash, effect of the fineness and proportion of phosphorus slag on anti-corrosion coefficient K is not significant.

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Janowska-Renkas, Elżbieta, and Jolanta Kowalska. "Use of fly ash from fluidized bed boilers in clinker-slag-ash based binders." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817402002.

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The study presents the state of knowledge regarding physical and chemical properties, as well as trends for application of fly ashes from combustion in fluidized bed boilers in building materials. Clinker - slag - ash based binders were tested that contained up to 40 mass % of fly ashes from combustion in fluidized bed boilers. It was demonstrated that fluidized bed combustion fly ashes (FBC fly ash), apart from granular blast furnace slag, could be the ingredient of low clinker Portland cements (ca. 20% by mass). These cements, compared to CEM I Portland cement, have higher water demand and durability in the corrosive environment, and a lower compressive strength value. Based on test results of binders with various content of blast furnace slag and fly ash, the clinker - slag - ash based binder was singled out, which demonstrated the higher durability in the corrosive environment. It was found that production of clinker - slag - ash based binders was possible in the strength class 32.5 even with 30% by mass of FBC fly ash content.

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Liu, Tong Chao, Bo Xiao, Gu Hua Li, Nian Hong Luo, and Long Sheng Zhang. "Effect of the Composite of Fly Ash and Slag on Alkali-Silica Reaction." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1428.

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The study used the method of accelerated mortar bar test to study alkali aggregate reaction (ASR) with sandstone aggregate. Both fly ash and slag can inhibit the expansion of mortar bar. Results show that 50% slag can inhibit ASR reluctantly, but 10% fly ash and 20% slag can inhibit ASR very well, and the inhibitory effect of fly ash is far better than slag. Because of the high content of CaO in slag, it has inhibit and promote aspects, when the ASR is fierce, slag can inhibit ASR, otherwise slag can promote ASR.

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Yao, Lei, Hong Zhen Kang, and Kai Wu Jia. "Experimental Study on Mixing Ratio of Concrete Adding Fly Ash and Slag Powder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1025–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1025.

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13 Groups of C20 concrete specimens and 11 groups of C60 concrete specimens adding different content of fly ash and slag powder, comparing with normal concrete specimens, were tested to analyze compressive strength and workability. The test results show: When adding fly ash only, equivalent replacing volume should not exceed 30%, and for lower strength concretes (such as C20) the adding volume should be lower than 30%, otherwise, the compressive strength was influenced greatly. When adding slag powder only, the replacing volume should increase to 40%, meanwhile the workability must be supervised. When adding fly ash and slag powder simultaneously, the adding volume should reach to 50%, and the ratio of fly ash to slag should be controlled. For C20 concrete the ratio of fly ash to slag powder should not exceed 10% and for C60 concrete the ratio should reach to 25%.

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Shen, Jian Sheng, and Jia Ying Sun. "Technical Study of Fly Ash Three-Slag Base Course Materials Modified with Washed-Out Slurry." Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (October 2012): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.115.

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Based on the effects of fly ash three-slag mixture by industrial solid wastes (washed-out slurry),the paper has been approached to the modified problems of the fly ash three-slag mixture. The strength and durability tests suggest that the fly ash three-slag mixture modified with washed-out slurry have the features of high-early-strength and higher durability.

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Zeng, Cong, Yan Lyu, Dehong Wang, Yanzhong Ju, Xiaoyu Shang, and Luoke Li. "Application of Fly Ash and Slag Generated by Incineration of Municipal Solid Waste in Concrete." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (April 22, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7802103.

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As landfill space for the disposal of products of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) such as fly ash and slag becomes increasingly scarce, a reduction of disposed material is urgently required. The method of using incineration products in concrete production is explored in this paper through a feasibility study of utilizing fly ash and slag to replace cement and coarse aggregate in appropriate proportions. Results show that C30 concrete optimum replacement rates of fly ash and slag are 30% and 20%, which can meet the minimum strength requirement. The leaching concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and Cd in MSWI concrete samples are determined to be less than the identification value of solid waste leaching toxicity. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, MSWI fly ash has certain dispersion. The particle size of MSWI fly ash is determined to be close to that of the coal fly ash, and the surface morphology is irregular. The main components include SiO2, CaCO3, and Ca2SiO4, and they are similar to those present in the coal fly ash. The slag structure is loose as well as irregular, and its main component is SiO2. The SiO2 and Al2O3 in fly ash and slag participate in the hydration reaction of cement and can increase concrete strength. It is thus confirmed that fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration can be used to replace cement and coarse aggregate in appropriate proportions, and it is an effective method to solve the problem of scarcity of solid waste landfill space.

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Miura, Kenta, Takao Ueda, and Masayuki Tsukagoshi. "Resistance Performance of Concrete Using both Blast Furnace Slag Cement and Fly Ash against Chloride Attack and Carbonation." Advanced Materials Research 1110 (June 2015): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1110.271.

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From the viewpoint of effective utilization of industrial wastes and reduction of CO2 emission, the use of concrete mixed with blast furnace slag and fly ash has been promoted. However, the durability of fly ash concrete using blast furnace slag cement has not been clarified enough. About chloride attack, the resistance against the penetration of chloride ions could be improved due to the dense pore structure formed by the synegetic effect of mixing both ground granulated blast-furnace slag and fly ash into concrete. In this study, resistance performance of concrete using both blast furnace slag cement and fly ash against chloride attack and carbonation was experimentally investigated. The relationship between such resistance performance and pore structure of the concrete was also examined. As a result, the combination of blast furnace slag cement and fly ash type II resulted in the decrease of pore volume over 50 nm in the diameter and reduction of the apparent diffusion coefficient of chloride ion, but the resistance performance against carbonation of the concrete was lower than the case of the normal fly ash concrete.

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Xu, Fang, Ming Kai Zhou, and Jian Ping Chen. "Research on the Mechanical Performance of the Road Base Materials with Steel Slag Sand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.676.

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The unconfined compressive strength is used to be the valuation index, the mechanical performance of three kinds of new road base material, which are fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (FA-SS for short), lime and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand (L-FA-SS for short), cement and fly ash stabilized steel slag sand(C-FA-SS for short), are studied in this paper. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength performance of FA-SS is similar to L-FA-SS, and it can meet the highest strength when the ratio of steel slag to fly ash is 1:1~2:1. When the ratio of fly ash to the steel slag is 10:90, it is good to use cement stabilizing. Comparing the new road base materials with the traditional road base material, the former has better strength performance and economy function advantage.

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Yan, Zhan You, Yu Shu, Jian Qing Bu, and Xiang Guo Li. "Test on the Performance of Road Base-Course Made of Steel Slag and Fly Ash." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 2078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.2078.

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Fly-ash is an industrial waste burning pulverize coal boilers for thermal power plant and large enterprises, the steel slag is too a residue generated waste in steelmaking industrial processes, the average for every ton steel to produce half ton steel slag, steel slag and fly ash discharge amounts is very big, utilization ratio is very low. At present, a large number of steel slag is used of reclamation work, the remaining items is used rarely and large number is left storage. This paper is introduction steel slag and fly ash to do road base-course material, such can make good use of industry residue waste in large amount to reduce exploitation and cut down natural building stones, it is an application for ecological building materials again. Major study the steel slag and fly ash road features, these tests include materials compaction reality among them, mix design, unconfined compressive strength, split tensile strength, resilient modulus and other commonly used performance. Through comparative analysis, this two materials combination has good use of quality, it has greatly better than other materials such as lime-fly-ash stabilize crushed stone and lime-fly-ash soil and other materials. In particular, it has very good performance to reduce road base-course crack, the material has good resistance shrinkage and temperature shrinkage ability. Therefore, the combination of steel slag and fly ash can be done entirely road base-course and extend the road life.

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Li, Xue Ying, Dong Qing Zhang, Chen Wang, and Shou Jie Zhang. "Effect of Binary Admixture of Fly Ash and Slag on the Carbonation of Concrete for Hydraulic Structure." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1673.

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Carbonation of concrete for hydraulic structure containing mineral admixtures is studied. It is observed that the fly ash is not benefit to the carbonation resistance, and the different content of fly ash in concrete may play a different role without activator. However, concrete for hydraulic structure using binary admixture of fly ash and slag will make up the defects and when the fly ash to slag ratio is 1:1, the depth of carbonation decreases comparing to concrete using fly ash.

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Dong, Shu Hui, Yong Ge, De Cheng Feng, Feng Ping Wang, and Bao Sheng Zhang. "Effect of Mineral Additives on Internal Relative Humidity and Dry Shrinkage of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 857 (December 2013): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.857.51.

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Effect of fly ash and slag on internal relative humidity (IRH) and dry shrinkage of light weight aggregate concrete (LWC) are studied in this paper. As indicated in this test, mixed with mineral additives can reduce dry shrinkage of concrete. The more volume of fly ash and slag ash, the lower decrease speed of IRH is, which contribute to the decreases of dry shrinkage rate too. At the same curing-age and dosage, the relative humidity inside the fly ash concrete is higher than the slag one. As consequence, the rate of dry shrinkage of fly ash concrete is lower than slag concrete. Also, there is a significant linear correlation between the lowered values of IRH and dry shrinkage rate.

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Chen, Yi Xuan, Xiu Li Sun, and Zhi Hua Li. "Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash-Slag-Dredged Silt System Stimulated by Alkali." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1140.

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The objective of this work is to investigate the stimulation effect of the addition of alkali on the fly ash and slag for stabilizing dredged silt. Based on the test results, a viable alternative for the final disposal of dredged silt as subgrade construction materials were proposed. For this purpose, several mixtures of dredged silt-fly ash-slag and alkali were prepared and stabilized/solidified. In this system, fly ash and slag were used as hardening agents (solidified materials) of dredged silt and alkali was used as activator of fly ash and slag. The shear strength of the mixture was tested by several direct shear tests. Furthermore, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to determine the hydration products of the system. The specimens were tested in order to determine the shear strength changes versus hydration time and the alkali content. It is indicated that mechanical properties of solidified silt are improved significantly by addition of fly ash and slag stimulated by alkali.

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Liu, Bao Ju, and You Jun Xie. "Study on Strength, Shrinkage and Creep of Concrete Containing Ultrafine Fly Ash Composites." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.162.

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At steam curing and moist curing conditions, the mechanical properties of concrete with different fineness and different proportions ultrafine fly ash-slag composite were studied. The experimental results indicated that the addition of ultrafine fly ash-slag composite had improved the long term mechanical properties of steam-cured concrete. The concrete with ultrafine fly ash-slag composite has lower drying shrinkage and creep compared to that of control concrete.

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Vukićević, Mirjana, Zdenka Popović, Jovan Despotović, and Luka Lazarević. "Fly ash and slag utilization for the Serbian railway substructure." Transport 33, no. 2 (December 12, 2016): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2016.1252427.

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Approximately 7 million tons of fly ash and slag are produced in thermal power plants in Serbia every year, only 3% of which is used in the cement industry. About 300 million tons of the ash-slag mixture are disposed in landfills, occupying an area of approximately 1600 hectares and generating environmental issues. Fly ash from Serbian power plants has pozzolanic properties and due to low concentration of calcium compounds (less than 10% CaO), they do not have self-cementing properties. According to the ASTM C618-15, this ash is from class F. According to the European Standard EN 197-1:2011, this ash is siliceous (type V) ash. From April 2014 to May 2015, an investigation of engineering properties of fly ash and mixtures of fly ash and slag from landfill (without or with binders of cement/lime) was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Mechanics at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the University of Belgrade (Serbia) and at the Institute for Testing of Materials – IMS Institute in Belgrade. The laboratory test results were showed in the study ‘Utilization of fly ash and slag produced in the TPP JP EPS thermal power plants for construction of railways’. Four kinds of waste materials from Serbian power plants were laboratory tested: (a) an ash-slag mixture from landfills at the ‘Nikola Tesla A’ thermal power plant; (b) fly ash from silos in the ‘Nikola Tesla B’ thermal power plant; (c) an ash-slag mixture from landfills at the ‘Kostolac A’ and ‘Kostolac B’ thermal power plants and ‘Srednje kostolačko ostrvo’ landfill; (d) fly ash from the ‘Kostolac’ thermal power plant. The following physical and mechanical properties of ash and mixtures were investigated: grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, moisture-density relationship, shear strength parameters in terms of effective stresses, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and deformation parameters. The paper presents the results of laboratory tests of the materials with and without binders, and based on the laboratory results and previous research, the paper presents possibilities of using fly ash and slag for the construction of railway substructure in the planned construction and reconstruction of railway network in Serbia. The obtained results indicate that tested fly ash and ash-slag mixture have met the technical requirements and that they have the potential to be used in railway substructure.

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Li, Yun Feng, Mi Xue Han, and Li Xu. "Workability and Mechanical Properties of Concret with Different Admixtures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.67.

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The mineral admixtures mixed into concrete have important effects on concrete performance. The workability and mechanical properties of the concrete are studied with different dosages of admixtures, such as steel slag powder, blast furnace slag powder and fly ash. The results show that fly ash has more advantages in improving the performance of the concrete. When steel slag powder, blast furnace slag powder and fly ash, respectively, replace the amount of cement to 30%, 30%, 20%, the mechanical properties of the concrete are improved significantly.

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Alam, Jamshed. "Strength Determination of High Strength Concrete Blended with Copper Slag and Fly Ash." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 15, 2021): 1198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36515.

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An experimental analysis was conducted to study the effects of using copper slag as a fine aggregate (FA) and the effect of fly ash as partial replacement of cement on the properties high strength concrete. In this analysis total ten concrete mixtures were prepared, out of which five mixes containing different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0% (for the control mix) to 75% were prepared and remaining five mixes containing fly ash as partial replacement of cement ranging from 6% to 30% (all mixes contains 50% copper slag as sand replacements). Concrete matrix were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength tests. Addition of copper slag as sand replacement up to 50% yielded comparable strength with that of the control matrix. However, further additions of copper slag, caused reduction in strength due to an increment of the free water content in the mix. Concrete mix with 75% copper slag replacement gave the lowest compressive strength value of approximately 80 MPa at 28 days curing period, which is almost 4% more than the strength of the control mix. For this concrete containing 50% copper slag, fly ash is introduced in the concrete to achieve the better compressive, split and flexural strengths. It was also observed that, introduction of the fly ash gave better results than concrete containing 50% copper slag. When concrete prepared with 18 % of fly ash, the strength has increased approximately 4%, and strength decreased with further replacements of the cement with fly ash. Hence, it is suggested that 50% of copper slag can be used as replacement of sand and 18% fly ash can be used as replacement of cement in order to obtain high strength concrete.

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Zainal, F. F., S. F. M. Amli, K. Hussin, A. Rahmat, and M. M. A. B. Abdullah. "Corrosion Studies of Fly Ash and Fly Ash-Slag Based Geopolymer." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 209 (June 2017): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/209/1/012026.

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Wu, Jian Hua, and Yun Lan Liu. "Influence of Mineral Admixtures on the Carbonation Resistance and Chloride Permeability of Steam-Cured HPC." Key Engineering Materials 477 (April 2011): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.477.366.

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This paper studies the influence of different mineral admixtures（fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag）on the carbonation resistance and chloride permeability of steam-cured HPC. The test results show that under the condition of steam-cured and standard-cured, incorporating 20-30% of the ground granulated blast furnace slag or 15-20% of fly ash decreased the alkalinity and the carbonation resistance of the concrete; with the increase of the proportion of the mineral admixture in concrete, carbonation resistance of HPC was decreased; incorporating 20-30% of the ground granulated blast furnace slag or 15-20% of fly ash improved the chloride permeability of steam-cured concrete, and the influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag is better than that of the fly ash.

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Endawati, Jul, Rochaeti, and R. Utami. "Optimization of Concrete Porous Mix Using Slag as Substitute Material for Cement and Aggregates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.282.

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In recent years, sustainability and environmental effect of concrete became the main concern. Substituting cement with the other cementitious material without decreasing mechanical properties of a mixture could save energy, reduce greenhouse effect due to mining, calcination and limestone refining. Therefore, some industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and Ground Iron Blast Furnace Slag (GIBFS) would be used in this study to substitute cement and aggregate. This substitution would be applied on the porous concrete mixture to minimize the environmental effect. Slag performance will be optimized by trying out variations of fly ash, silica fume, and slag as cement substitution material in mortar mixture. The result is narrowed into two types of substitution. First, reviewed from the fly ash substitution effect on binder material, highest compressive strength 16.2 MPa was obtained from mixture composition 6% fly ash, 3% silica fume and 17% grinding granular blast-furnace slag. Second, reviewed from slag types as cement substitution and silica fume substitution, highest compressive strength 15.2 MPa was obtained from mortar specimens with air-cooled blast furnace slag. It composed with binder material 56% Portland composite cement, 15% fly ash, 3% silica fume and 26% air-cooled blast furnace slag. Considering the cement substitution, the latter mixture was chosen.

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Procházka, Lukáš, and Jana Boháčová. "Effect of Admixtures on Durability Characteristics of Fly Ash Alkali-activated Material." Emerging Science Journal 4, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2020-01247.

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This paper deals with the possibility of partial replacement of blast furnace slag with fly ash and fly ash after denitrification by SNCR method in alkali-activated materials based on granulated blast furnace slag. The aim of this paper is to verify the effect of fly ash on properties of alkali-activated materials based on blast furnace granulated slag. Frost resistance and resistance to aggressive environments, represented by demineralized water were tested. The reference mixture was based on blast furnace granulated slag activated by sodium water glass with silicate modulus of 2. Mixtures with an ash content of 10, 20, and 30% were then compared with the reference mixture. The influence of the denitrification process on fly ash and its use in mixed alkali activated materials was also compared. As a part of the experiment, alkali-activated pastes were also prepared. Infrared spectroscopy with Furier transformation was subsequently determined on these pastes. The reference mixture achieved the highest compressive strength in the experiment and the strength decreased with increasing amount of fly ash. In terms of flexural strength, the highest values were reached for mixtures with 10% slag replacement by fly ash. In the case of frost resistance, the significant increase of flexural strength, which was 50% for the reference mixture, is particularly interesting. For compressive strength, the frost resistance coefficient ranged from 0.95 to 1.00. In the case of resistance to aggressive environments, no differences were observed in the compressive strength, on the other hand, flexural strength decrease of up to 20% was detected for 10 and 20 percent replacement of slag with fly ash that did not undergo denitrification. Monitored properties did not show any negative effect of the denitrification process on fly ash properties. Infrared spectroscopy identified the main hydration product in the region of 945 cm-1which is a C-(A)-S-H gel and in combined mixtures with fly ash also N-A-S-H gel. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01247 Full Text: PDF

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36

Bijeljic, Jelena, Nenad Ristic, Zoran Grdic, Gordana Toplicic-Curcic, and Dragan Djordjevic. "Durability properties of ladle slag geopolymer mortar based on fly ash." Science of Sintering 52, no. 2 (2020): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos2002231b.

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This paper presents the results of tests of physical-mechanical, durability and microscopic properties of geopolymer mortar mixtures based on fly ash and ladle slag. The mixtures are alkali-activated using sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution. Firstly, the effects of different fly ash (class ?F?) particle sizes on the characteristics of the mortar mixtures were examined when binder and alkali activator were cured at 95?C for 24 h, also pozzolanic activity and strength activity index were investigated. After that, fly ash ground of optimal particle sizes (0,09 mm) was replaced with ladle slag, 0 to 20% of the mass, the replacement steps being 5%. The specimens having dimensions 4x4x16 cm were then cured in ambient conditions, and the effects of replacement of a part of fly ash with ladle slag were determined by testing water absorption, flexural and compressive strength, freeze-thaw resistance, sulfate attack, ultrasound velocity, FT-IR spectroscopy and leaching of heavy metals. According to the test results of compressive strength resistance of geopolymer mortars exposed to sulfate solution, the mortar made with fly ash and ladle slag showed better resistance to sulfate attack than the mortar made with fly ash only.

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Zhao, Feng-Qing, Wen Ni, Hui-Jun Wang, and Hong-Jie Liu. "Activated fly ash/slag blended cement." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 52, no. 2 (December 2007): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2007.04.002.

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38

Puertas, F., S. Martı́nez-Ramı́rez, S. Alonso, and T. Vázquez. "Alkali-activated fly ash/slag cements." Cement and Concrete Research 30, no. 10 (October 2000): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(00)00298-2.

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39

Bijen, Jan. "Benefits of slag and fly ash." Construction and Building Materials 10, no. 5 (July 1996): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(95)00014-3.

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40

Natarajan, Sakthieswaran, and Ganesan Karuppiah. "Hierarchical Order of Influence of Mix Variables Affecting Compressive Strength of Sustainable Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Copper Slag, Silica Fume, and Fibres." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/646840.

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Experiments have been conducted to study the effect of addition of fly ash, copper slag, and steel and polypropylene fibres on compressive strength of concrete and to determine the hierarchical order of influence of the mix variables in affecting the strength using cluster analysis experimentally. While fly ash and copper slag are used for partial replacement of cement and fine aggregate, respectively, defined quantities of steel and polypropylene fibres were added to the mixes. It is found from the experimental study that, in general, irrespective of the presence or absence of fibres, (i) for a given copper slag-fine aggregate ratio, increase in fly ash-cement ratio the concrete strength decreases and with the increase in copper slag-sand ratio also the rate of strength decrease and (ii) for a given fly ash-cement ratio, increase in copper slag-fine aggregate ratio increases the strength of the concrete. From the cluster analysis, it is found that the quantities of coarse and fine aggregate present have high influence in affecting the strength. It is also observed that the quantities of fly ash and copper slag used as substitutes have equal “influence” in affecting the strength. Marginal effect of addition of fibres in the compression strength of concrete is also revealed by the cluster analysis.

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41

Gu, Hai Hong, Fu Ping Li, Qiang Yu, Yong Li Xu, and Jun Ying Zhang. "Remediation Effects of Steel Slag and Fly Ash on Heavy Metal Contaminated Acidic Soil." Advanced Materials Research 647 (January 2013): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.647.726.

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The remediation effects and mechanisms of the by-products of industry, fly ash and steel slag, on heavy metal contaminated acidic soil were investigated in this study. Fly ash was added at 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 g kg-1dry weight soil, and steel slag was added at 0, 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8 g kg-1dry weight soil, respectively. The results indicated that the application of fly ash and steel slag significantly increased soil pH values, and the increments improved with the increasing amendment dosages. The treatments of fly ash added at 20-40 g•kg-1and steel slag at 3-6 g•kg-1had the pH values within 5.5-7.0, and theSuperscript textneutral and weakly acidic soil environment was suitable for plant growth. The addition of amendments substantially decreased the avalibility of heavy metals, and the higher amendment dosages resulted in the lower CaCl2extractable heavy metal concentrations. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the mobile metals were mainly deposited as their silicates, phosphates and hydroxides in amended treatments. These results demonstrated that the application of fly ash and steel slag might be a potential strategy to remediate heavy metal contaminated acidic soil.

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Procházka, Lukáš, and Jana Boháčová. "Use of Ash after Denitrification as an Additive to Concrete Based on Alcali-Activated Slag." Solid State Phenomena 322 (August 9, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.322.78.

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This paper deals with the possibility of using fly ash after denitrification by the SNCR method a partial replacement in alkali-activated concrete based on blast furnace granulated slag. Previous research has verified the use of fly ash after denitrification in alkali-activated materials based on blast furnace granulated slag, and so far no negative effects on the properties of these mixtures have been found. The tests were performed on cement test specimens. As part of the preparation of concrete mixtures, two recipes were prepared. The first reference mixture contained only blast furnace granulated slag activated by sodium water glass with silicate modulus of 2. The second recipe was modified by replacing of 30% slag by fly ash after denitrification by SNCR method. Within the strength characteristics, the reference mixture always achieved better results. Very slow increases in strength were recorded for the mixture with 30% slag replacement by fly ash, when the compressive strength after 7 days of maturation was only 4.5 MPa.

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43

Liu, Jin Qiang, Bin Hao, Jian Yuan Yu, and Yun Jie Xu. "Study on Influence Factors of Cement-Free Binding Material Based on Fly Ash and Slag." Advanced Materials Research 1015 (August 2014): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1015.56.

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The cement-free binding material, namely geopolymer, is a novel binding material made from solid waste such as fly ash and slag activated by the alkali. In this research, orthogonal tests were carried out on 20 x 20 x 20mm cube paste specimens cured at room temperature to explore the rules of influence factors according to the compressive strength for 3d, 7d and 28d. The results revealed that the ratio of fly ash/slag is the most significant factor, the ratio of water/ (fly ash+ slag), the modulus of alkali activator and the dosage of desulfurized gypsum also play great role in strength development of the binder. The compressive strength of the specimens can be obtained to 65.0 MPa and 51.21MPa at maximum for 28d when the ratios of fly ash/slag are 30/70 and 40/60 respectively.

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SONG, Junwei, Shenglei FENG, Rongrong XIONG, Yong OUYANG, Qingli ZENG, Jielu ZHU, and Chunyuan ZHANG. "Mechanical properties, pozzolanic activity and volume stability of copper slag-filled cementitious materials." Materials Science 26, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.26.2.21447.

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Copper slag is a by-product waste during copper pyrometallurgy. The piling-stack of copper slag not only occupies a large quantity of plowland, but causes potential danger for local residents. In order to reduce the storage of copper slag, this study prepared concretes by replacing ordinary cement by copper slag. The mechanical properties, phase composition, micrographs, pozzolanic activity and volume stability of the compound cementitious materials were evaluated with fly ash as control. It was found that when the content of copper slag was 5%-10%, the best mechanical properties of concretes were obtained. The phase composition of hydration products of copper slag and fly ash based cementitious materials was almost identical. The micrographs and pozzolanic activity showed that copper slag had stronger reactivity than fly ash. Copper slag based pastes had good volume stability. Copper slag presented a potential application in mortars and concretes.

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Zong, Yanbing, Xuedong Zhang, Emile Mukiza, Xiaoxiong Xu, and Fei Li. "Effect of Fly Ash on the Properties of Ceramics Prepared from Steel Slag." Applied Sciences 8, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8071187.

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In this study, SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO steel slag ceramics containing 5 wt % MgO were used for the preparation of ceramic bodies, with the replacement of 5–20 wt % quartz and feldspar by fly ash. The effect of the addition of fly ash on the sintering shrinkage, water absorption, sintering range, and flexural strength of the steel slag ceramic was studied. Furthermore, the crystalline phase transitions and microstructures of the sintered samples were investigated by XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and SEM. The results showed that the addition of fly ash affected the crystalline phases of the sintered ceramic samples. The main crystal phases of the base steel slag ceramic sample without fly ash were quartz, diopside, and augite. With increasing fly ash content, the quartz diffraction peak decreased gradually, while the diffraction peak intensity of anorthite became stronger. The mechanical properties of the samples decreased with the increasing amount of fly ash. The addition of fly ash (0–20 wt %) affected the optimum sintering temperature (1130–1160 °C) and widened the sintering range. The maximum addition amount of fly ash should be 15 wt %, for which the optimum sintering temperature was 1145 °C, water absorption was 0.03%, and flexural strength was 43.37 MPa higher than the Chinese national standard GBT 4100-2015 requirements.

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Huang, Xu Quan, Hao Bo Hou, Min Zhou, and Wei Xin Wang. "Grinding and Cementitious Property of Fluorgypsum with Pretreating by Different Industrial Waste." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2125.

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Steel slag, fly ash and lime were chosen as pretreatment and grinding materials of fluorgypsum, then the grinding effect and cementitious property of fluorgypsum were studied. PH of pretreatment fluorgypsum increased to 8 when 1.5% lime, 5% steel slag and 12.9% fly ash were added .Specific surface area, fractal dimension and medium diameter of the modified fluorgypsum reveal that the best grinding aid is steel slag. SEM analysis show that there were still large particles when 1.5% lime or 12.9% fly ash were added in fluorgypsum and grinding, the fluorgypsum particles sizing were small with distribution uniformity after grinding when it was pretreated by 5% steel slag. Mortar strength results show that the fluorgypsum with 5% steel slag had good strength after pretreating and grinding.

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Su, Ying, Wan Fa Zhu, Wen Ding, and Xing Yang He. "Chemical Corrosion Resistance of Concrete with Mineral Admixture Slurry in Artificial Seawater." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 701–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.701.

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A series of mineral admixture slurry with different fineness was manufactured by means of wet-milling with stirring mill. The effect of mineral admixture treated by dry milling and wet milling on chemical corrosion resistance of concrete in artificial seawater was investigated in this paper. Results showed that, the chemical corrosion resistance of concrete with fly ash and original fly ash treated by different grinding mode is improved, and the chemical corrosion resistance of concrete with slag is relatively inferior. The compound of fly ash and slag can evidently improve the weakness of slag concrete that has poor chemical resistance.

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Xin, Luo, Xu Jinyu, and Li Weimin. "Response surface design of solid waste based geopolymer." RSC Advances 5, no. 2 (2015): 1598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra05458j.

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Solid waste (slag and fly ash) based geopolymer (SWG-SF) was developed on the basis of response surface methodology (RSM), using the fly ash to slag ratio (FSR), alkali content (AC), makeup of alkali activator (n) and binder to water ratio (BWR) as design parameters.

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Yang, Mengna, Junzhe Liu, Hui Wang, Yushun Li, Yanhua Dai, and Xiangwei Xing. "Influence of Mineral Admixtures on Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Nitrites." International Journal of Corrosion 2018 (September 18, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2537634.

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Chemical quantitative analysis of effective anticorrosion component and micro-analysis of hydration products of fly ash and slag on the influence of the nitrites corrosion inhibition was studied by the free nitrite ion concentration and X-ray diffraction pattern. The free nitrite ion concentration was used to describe the corrosion inhibition effect of nitrites. And the X-ray diffraction patterns were used to analyze the adsorption properties. The research results show that fly ash and slag were beneficial for improving the corrosion inhibition effect of nitrites. Cement-based materials with slag at low content presented high free nitrite ion concentration, but the addition of low content of fly ash harmed the corrosion inhibition effect of nitrites. The specimens incorporated with both fly ash and slag can reach the highest free nitrite ion concentration when the compounding proportion was 1:1. It was concluded that the extent of mineral admixtures of the corrosion inhibition effect of nitrites was affected by its type and content.

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Partha, Sarathi Deb, Nath Pradip, and Kumar Sarker Prabir. "Strength and Permeation Properties of Slag Blended Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 651 (January 2013): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.168.

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Geopolymer is a binder that can act as an alternative of Portland cement. Geopolymers use by-product substances such as fly ash, and can help reduce carbon dioxide emission of concrete production. This paper presents the results of a study on the fly ash based geopolymer concrete suitable for curing at ambient temperature. To activate the fly ash, a combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions was used. The setting and hardening of geopolymer concrete were obtained by blending blast furnace slag with fly ash instead of using heat curing. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) was used at the rate of 10% or 20 % of the total binder. The tests conducted include compressive strength, tensile strength, flexure strength, sorptivity and volume of permeable voids (VPV) test. The geopolymer concrete compressive strength at 28 days varied from 27 to 47 MPa. Results indicated that the strength increased and water absorption decreased with the increase of the slag content in the geopolymer concrete. In general, blending of slag with fly ash in geopolymer concrete improved strength and permeation properties when cured in ambient temperature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Slag-Fly ash'

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