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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Slander'
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Clark, Brady. "Sins of the tongue gossip and slander /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0068.
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Chu, Yee-ling. "Defamation on the internet." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24534122.
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Deligiannis, Ioannis. "Fifteenth-century Latin translations of Lucian's essay on slander /." Pisa [u.a.] : Gruppo Ed. Internazionale, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0706/2007370174.html.
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Deligiannis, Ioannis. "Fifteenth-century Latin translations of Lucian's essay on slander." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620363.
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Veerapen, Steven. "Slander and sedition in Elizabethan law, speech and writing." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24212.
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Slander and sedition represented pervasive and dangerous forces in the early modern period. Accordingly, they were subject to laws governing language and methods of censorship and repression. Academic interest in Elizabethan slander and sedition has long been divided into studies which focus on the power relations which underpin slanderous literary texts, the ways in which institutions of authority defined and sought to suppress transgressive material, or the role which slander played in the religious invective which blossomed during the late sixteenth century. The present study will compare and contrast the diverse approaches to slanderous activity in relation to the Elizabethan law courts, the theatre and the Church. In so doing, attention will not only be given to language which was idenfitied as slanderous or seditious by the Elizabethan state, but to the diverse methods by which those who engaged in illicit discourses mitigated, resisted and fought accusations of slander. As a result, it will be argued that the malleable principle of the common law, uncertain methods of theatrical and press censorship, the dangers of voicing political dissidence even when couched in the rhetoric of counsel, and increasing attempts at controlling printing presses ultimately led to an appropriation of the term 'libel' as a distinct, political mode of anonymous, often handwritten expression At heart, this study, therefore, provides a comprehensive examination of the legal, theatrical and dramatic conditions which gave rise to the flagrantly slanderous political discourses of the seventeenth century, in which a wealth of renewed scholarly interest has blossomed.
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Mongkolkiatsri, Sirichai. "Private international law context of defamation in the United Kingdom and the European Union context /." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26230.
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Luckenbaugh, Bryan. "Slander and its implications a study of James 4:11-12 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Rogers, Ann C. M. "Murder by slander? : a re-examination of the E.H. Norman case." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28274.
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On 4 April, 1957 Egerton Herbert Norman, Canada's Ambassador to Egypt, committed suicide in Cairo. Norman's death was a direct result of sustained American allegations that he was threat to western security.
The controversy surrounding his suicide was rekindled in 1986 with the publication of two biographies of Norman. James Barros contends in No Sense of Evil that Norman should have been removed from his high position in Canada's Department of External Affairs because he constituted a security risk. Barros hypothesises about the possibility of a DEA cover-up of Norman's Marxist past (Norman had briefly been a member of the British Communist Party when he was a student at Cambridge) and indeed suggests that Minister of External Affairs, Lester B. Pearson might have been Moscow's ultimate 'mole' who, by defending Norman, was protecting his espionage ring.
In Innocence is Not Enough, author Roger Bowen takes issue with such interpretations of Norman's life, scholarship and career. Although Norman had been a Communist, Bowen concludes that no evidence exists to suggest that he was disloyal to Canada. Norman was caught up in a maelstrom of anti-communist hysteria which caused him to be unjustifiably vilified and harassed by the agents of McCarthyism in an era of Cold War paranoia.
Instead of choosing a side in the current debate, I have sought to widen it by approaching the story of Norman as a case study in Canadian foreign policy. An examination of Canadian internal security policies in the postwar era, Canada's relationship with the United States and Great Britain, and of Norman himself reveals that the issue at hand is far too complex to be amenable to easy analysis. This thesis was written with the achievement of a more objective analysis as its primary goal.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Political Science, Department of<br>Graduate
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Gowing, Laura. "Women, sex and honour : the London church courts, 1572-1640." Thesis, University of London, 1993. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284177.
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Port, Niklas. "The Stuff of Gentility : Class, Roles and Slander in Early Modern England." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384274.
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This thesis tests the models of Class and Roles on Early Modern English society through documents from the High Court of Chivalry. It analyses the role of the Court and the individuals who used the court in defining and negotiating class lines and the Social Order. It analyses how the class lines were perceived within the court and how the Court treated individuals differently dependent upon their Class and title. It shows how the line between commoner and gentleman was actively defined by those who claimed and challenged to be gentlemen. Then, the importance of Performative roles is introduced and how the “role of gentleman” was something that needed to be claimed, performed, and believed in order for people to treat someone like a gentleman. Furthermore, additional roles within a community are introduced that either overlapped or challenged the role of gentleman, complicating and confusing the expectations for social interaction.
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Chu, Yee-ling, and 朱綺玲. "Defamation on the internet." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207955.
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Grogan, John. "The plea of truth and public benefit as a defence to an action for defamation in South African law." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006974.
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From introduction: The study begins with a detailed examination of the origins of the defence in Roman law, and traces the dispute over the role of the veritas convicii through the writings of the Roman-Dutch jurists and the decisions of the pre-Union colonial courts in South Africa. The gradual absorption of the requirement of public benefit into the contemporary law is examined. Subsequent sections attempt to extract from the case law and to systematise the rules relating to the requirements of the defence of truth and public benefit, with a view to setting forth the circumstances in which the truth may lawfully be published. Section 2 deals with problems relating to proof of the truth of the imputation; Section 3 with the problem of when publication can be said to serve the public benefit. The final section seeks to examine the juridical basis of the defence and to relate it to recent developments in the law of defamation as a whole. Brief conclusions are then drawn and recommendations made.
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Ward, Anne Elizabeth. ""Idle, Lewd, Brabling Women:" Slander and Bastardy in Colonial Tidewater Virginia, 1640-1725." W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625922.
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Marshall, Catherine Anne. "Verbal abuse in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century England : the cultural significance of scolding and slander." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531162.
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Deaton, Dollie F. "Cyberspace invades the First Amendment where do we go from here? /." [Lexington, Ky. : University of Kentucky Libraries], 2001. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukycomm2001t00004/thisone.pdf.
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Winch, Dinah. "Sexual slander and its social context in England, c. 1660-1700, with special reference to Cheshire and Sussex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:907c6610-c584-4da0-afb1-9b2bf9832da5.
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A number of historians have studied the meanings of reputation in early modern English society through the medium of defamation cases in the church courts. More recent work has tended to focus on the gendering of participation in ecclesiastical litigation and the differences in the ways that men and women constructed and maintained their good names. This thesis takes a broader approach, and places defamation cases firmly in their legal and social context. The main focus of this thesis is a sample of defamation cases from the Chester consistory court in the later seventeenth century; this is supplemented by material from the church courts of Sussex and various secular tribunals in both Cheshire and Sussex. A discussion of the law forms an important part of this thesis for it shaped both the patterns of participation in litigation and the content of insults that were alleged. A central objective of this thesis is to discuss the complexity of the gendering of reputation in this period and to show that reputation was not as rigidly polarised around gender as has previously been thought. It explores the ways in which reputation was constructed for both men and women and relates this to both the sorts of social relationships which tended to produce litigation, and the mechanisms of social control which operated within communities. It is argued that defamation litigation reveals much more about attitudes to gender relations, reputation and social order than has been realised hitherto, and that reputation was experienced not as an abstract value, but in relation to the social situations of individual women and men.
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York, Kenneth James. "Reputation as found in the 1983 code of canon law." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Anand, Sanjeev Singh. "Expressions of racial hatred and criminal law : the Canadian response /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21231.pdf.
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Hartston, Barnet P. "Judaism on trial : antisemitism in the German courtroom (1870-1895) /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9936871.
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Beattie, Kirsten M. Walden Ruth C. "From the wires to wireless how mass communications technologies have affected the libel/slander distinction, single publication, and liability in defamation law /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,918.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.<br>Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master's of Arts in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication." Discipline: Journalism and Mass Communication; Department/School: Journalism and Mass Communication, School of.
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Payne, John Joseph. "The fundamental right to a good reputation a study of Canon 220 in light of the Charter for the protection of children and young people /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Bassoleil, Fournier Françoise. "Parler contre la femme dans l'injure et la diatribe. Les stratégies préférentielles de la rébellion langagière." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU1013/document.
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Ce travail de recherche en linguistique hispanique vise le secteur spécifique de la communication conflictuelle. Investissant le champ vexatoire, il envisage le langage contre la femme comme un lieu d’activités stratégiques. Dans les formes saillantes de l’injure et de la diatribe, il se donne pour objectif de démonter les ressorts des mécanismes et des jeux discursifs privilégiés par les offenseurs pour permettre à leur parole réactive d’atteindre l’efficacité maximale. Adoptant la voie de l’analyse argumentative dans le discours, l’approche braque les projecteurs sur une problématique dynamique de la communication, faisant ainsi émerger un kinêma interactif et la mise en scène de locuteurs vus comme des acteurs qui font leur cinéma. Elle engage comme mode opératoire une lecture pragmatique - la parole est vue dans sa dimension langagière et sociale, articulée à un univers extralinguistique et à une situation de communication - d’extraits de textes en langue castillane, réunis dans un vaste corpus qui traverse les époques et les genres de la littérature espagnole du Moyen Âge à nos jours<br>This study is concerned with the specific branch of contentious communication. In the particular disrespect field of linguistic rebellion against women, such a rebellion – within the forms of slander and diatribe – forces the mechanisms making people’s words as efficient as possible to come out; it also shows the advantageous strategies retained by the insulters. It focuses on highlighting the dynamic problematic approach of communication, in which an interactive kinêma activates mechanisms and ways of acting, thus staging somehow actors who make a drama out of it. Taking the way of argumentation in speech – words are seen in their linguistic and social dimension, revolving around an extra-linguistic universe and around a situation of communication – this approach engages to a pragmatic reading of extracts of Spanish texts from all periods both in literature and the press
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Fischer, Carl Frederich. "An evaluation of the constitutionality of the common law crime of criminal defamation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/749.
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The challenge in the law of defamation lies in finding the appropriate balance between the two competing rights of freedom of expression and an unimpaired reputation. From Roman and Roman-Dutch law into the modern era, criminal and civil defamation have been very closely linked. The elements and defences are substantially alike. There were several calls prior to 1994 for the abrogation of criminal defamation. Now that the right to an unimpaired reputation, as part of the right to human dignity, and the right to freedom of expression is constitutionally guaranteed, quo vadis the crime of criminal defamation? The Supreme Court of Appeal has recently granted a petition for leave to appeal against convictions for criminal defamation on this very point: is the offence constitutional. Due to the paucity of criminal defamation precedent, the copious civil law precedent concerning civil defamation must be analysed to determine what view the Supreme Court of Appeal will adopt. Prior to 1994 the right to an unimpaired reputation has trumped freedom of expression. Since then, the two leading decisions by the Supreme Court of Appeal and the Constitutional Court have ameliorated this situation slightly, according freedom of expression more weight. Claiming the previous common law position was incorrect, they claim the present common law position is constitutionally sound. Thus the Constitution has in essence had no effect to date upon the balancing of competing rights in the law of defamation. Both courts have erred in according the right to freedom of expression too little weight. This may be due to three judicial errors. Firstly, they have under-appreciated that the values of dignity, equality and freedom fortify and are fortified by the right to freedom of expression. Aspects of dignity such as self-actualisation, self-governance and an acceptance that humans have intrinsic worth are heavily reliant on freedom of expression, particularly political expression. Secondly, while political expression lies at the core of freedom of expression, reputation lies nearer the periphery of the right to dignity. Rights at the core ought to trump competing but peripheral rights. Thirdly, erroneous statements are inevitable in free debate. Unless they too are protected, unacceptable self-censorship occurs. The correct approach is as a matter of policy, particularly regarding political expression, to balance the competing rights with one’s thumb on the free expression side of the scales. This seems the trend of the European Court of Human Rights in recent cases In Canada, an offence punishing libel made intentionally but without knowledge of its falsity was recently ruled unconstitutional. On the other hand, another offence punishing libel made with knowledge it was false, videlicet punishing the intentional publication of defamatory lies, was ruled constitutional. Criminal defamation clearly infringes upon the right to freedom of expression. For this infringement to pass constitutional muster it must be reasonable and justifiable in an open and democratic society. It fails the limitation test due to the lack of proportionality between its objective in protecting the right to an unimpaired reputation and the harm it does to the right to expression. There are three reasons: firstly the “chilling effect” of imprisonment, over and above pecuniary damages, unacceptably stifles free debate. Secondly, it may punish even the truth, yet protect a falsehood, since the truth per se is not a defence. An undeserved reputation is thus more highly valued than the publication of that truth. Finally there is a well-developed civil remedy that adequately protects the right to reputation of aggrieved persons. In the appeal concerning the constitutionality of the common law offence of criminal defamation, the Supreme Court of Appeal ought to find it unconstitutional.
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Nolasco, Thiago Guilherme. "A honra enquanto bem jurídico: sobre a tutela penal da autoestima e da consideração social." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9468.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Para que possa alcançar sua ratio essendi, isto é, promover a convivência pacífica, o Estado utiliza-se do Direito para realizar o controle social e, em última análise, acolher os cidadãos que vivem sob a sua regência. Neste sentido, o Direito Penal adquire especial importância, tendo em vista deter a incumbência de enunciar comportamentos especialmente ofensivos para a vida em sociedade, prevendo e fixando, para cada conduta criminosa, a aplicação de penas ou medidas de segurança. É certo, de igual forma, que este ramo é também a ultima ratio, ou seja, a última instância de proteção, razão pela qual só pode ser acionado a partir do fracasso ou ineficiência de todos os demais meios de resguardo judicial, eis que o poder punitivo investe, via de regra, contra o bem mais precioso do ser humano, quer seja, sua liberdade. Levando estes pressupostos em conta, assoma uma relevante inquietação: a honra, aspecto inerente à personalidade do homem, dadas as suas características dogmáticas, ainda merece a proteção do Direito Penal? Será que não existem outros meios aptos a trazer suficiente amparo legal? É a partir destas questões que se desenvolve a presente dissertação. Para tanto, buscar-se-á, em um primeiro momento, entender a maneira como os valores e interesses mais caros ao homem adentram na seara penal (teoria do bem jurídico). Após, empreender-se-á efetiva imersão no tema de pesquisa, buscando entender as bases que historicamente assentaram e determinaram a tutela jurídica da honra (bipartição metodológica), além de promover diagnóstico da guarida fornecida pelo Direito Civil e pelo Direito Penal, de modo a compreender se a honra civil difere da honra penal. Por fim, será feito uma análise crítica da honra enquanto bem jurídico penal, com o fito conclusivo de trazer apontamentos quanto aos horizontes futuros da tutela deste valor individual.<br>In order to achieve its essendi ratio, that is, to promote peaceful coexistence, the State uses the rule of law to perform social control and, ultimately, safeguard the citizens living under its rulership. In this sense, criminal law is particularly important seeing that it has the task of enunciating especially offensive behavior for life in society, besides providing and setting to apply, for each criminal conduct, penalties or security measures. It is true, too, that this branch is also the ultima ratio, the ultimate protection, which is why it can only be triggered as from the failure or inefficiency of all other judicial guard means, whereas the punitive power invests, as a rule, against the most precious of human rights, namely, their freedom. Taking these assumptions into account, looms a relevant concern: the honor, essential part of mens personality, given their dogmatic features, still deserves the punitive protection of criminal law? Are there no other means able to bring sufficient legal care? It is from these questions that this dissertation is developed. Therefore, it will be sought, at first, to understand how the most important values and dearest interests of man enter into criminal harvest (protected legal interest theory). Next, it will be undertaken an effective immersion in the research theme, seeking to understand the foundations that historically settled and determined legal protection of honor (methodological splitting), besides promoting an effective diagnosis of the shelter provided Civil Law and Criminal Law in order to understand if civil honor differs from penal honor. Finally, a critical analysis will be carried out, about honor as a protected legal interest in Criminal Law, with the final aim of bringing notes about future horizons regarding the guardianship of this individual value.
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Fernandez, Joseph M. "Loosening the shackles of the truth defence on free speech : making the truth defence in Australian defamation law more user friendly for media defendants." University of Western Australia. Law School, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0075.
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Defamation laws truth defence the oldest, most obvious and principal defence has failed Australian media defendants. Few who mount the defence succeed. Many, discouraged by the defences onerousness, do not even attempt it. As a consequence the journalistic articulation of matters of public concern is stifled. This thesis argues that the limitations of the Australian truth defence are inconsistent with established freedom of speech ideals and the public interest in having a robust media. As a result society is constrained from enlightened participation in public affairs. This thesis proposes reforms to alleviate the heavy demands of the defence so as to promote the publication of matters of public concern and to strike a more contemporary balance between freedom of speech and the protection of reputation. These reforms employ defamation laws doctrinal calculus to reposition the speech-reputation fulcrum. While defamation law has for decades attracted reform attention, the truth defence has languished by the wayside. This thesis steps into the breech. The cornerstone of this thesis is a proposal to reverse the burden so that the plaintiff bears the burden of proving falsity of the defamatory publication where: the complainant is a public figure; the matter complained about is a matter of public concern; and the suit involves a media defendant. While this proposal is likely to dramatically alter the prevailing Australian freedom of speech/protection of reputation equilibrium, other measures are proposed to serve as a bulwark against the wanton destruction of reputation.
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Laitenberger, Angelika. "Die Strafbarkeit der Verbreitung rassistischer, rechtsextremistischer und neonazistischer Inhalte : unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Verbreitung über Netzwerke ; ein Rechtsvergleich /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/35944654X.pdf.
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Berg, Lothar & Plonka Gerlind. "Spectral properties of two-slanted matrices." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2002. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-05272002-100704/.
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For two-slanted matrices, there is shown the close connection between their spectral properties and the zeros of their corresponding symbols. The results are applied to two-scale difference equations.
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Gilberg, Magne Eilif Lie. "Aerodynamisk stabilitet av lange slanke hengebruer." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for konstruksjonsteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22357.
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Planlegging av nye og effektive transportveier øker etterspørselen etter å krysse bredere fjorder og høyere fjell. Dette fører til at broer må sette nye lengderekorder og at ny teknologi må utvikles. Dagens hengebroer begrenses av stabilitetsproblemer ved høye vindhastigheter, såkalt flutter. Denne masteroppgaven undersøker mulighetene for å øke stabilitetsgrensen til hengebroer ved å installere en passiv massedemper. Massedempere har tidligere vist seg å være meget effektive til å dempe dynamiske svingninger på grunn av vindlaster på både høyhus og broer. Arbeidet er utført som en teoretisk studie hvor det er utviklet en beregningsmetode som deretter er prøvd på to broeksempler, en fiktiv brokonstruksjon fra boka ?Theory of Bridge Dynamics? av Strømmen (2010) og Hardangerbroa, Norges lengste hengebro som åpner i løpet av 2013.Beregningen av kritisk vindhastighet er basert på en modal analyse. Kun de to modene som bidrar til flutter-ustabiliteten er inkludert i beregningen. Dynamisk respons beregnes ved å øke middelvindhastigheten skrittvis helt til responsen øker mot uendelig. Beregningen inkluderer bevegelsesinduserte krefter, vind- og turbulenslaster og massedemperens effekt. Tilslutt er det utført en parameterstudie som inkluderer massedemperens masseforhold og egenfrekvens.En massedemper er egnet til å øke den aerodynamiske stabilitetsgrensen til hengebroer. Resultatene viser at en massedemper øker kritisk vindhastighet betydelig for den fiktive broa. Kritisk vindhastighet øker også for Hardangerbroa, men i mindre grad. Parameterstudien viser at optimal verdi for egenfrekvensen er viktig for effektiv utnyttelse av massedemperen. Det er knyttet usikkerhet til beregninger av responsfrekvenser ved kritisk vindhastighet. Et lite avvik mellom beregnet og virkelig verdi kan redusere effekten av massedemperen betydelig. For at massedemperen skal bli mer robust mot avvik i responsfrekvensen er det foreslått å benytte flere mindre massedempere med ulike egenfrekvenser.
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Voigt, Maria. "Aerodynamisk stabilitet av lange slanke hengebruer." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bygg, anlegg og transport, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22377.
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Som en del av fergefri E39 undersøkes det muligheten for en fast forbindelse over Sognefjorden. Et av alternativene er en hengebro med et hovedspenn på 3700 m. Dette spennet vil bli nesten dobbelt så langt som verdens lengste eksisterende hovedspenn. Naturlig nok vil det derfor oppstå helt nye utfordringer innenfor blant annet stabilitet. Denne oppgaven omhandler de aerodynamiske egenskapene til en slik grensesprengende konstruksjon, spesielt med tanke på avstivningsbæreren.Oppgaven begynner med et litteraturstudium. Hengebroers virkemåte blir presentert samt spesielle utfordringer ved lange spenn. Deretter presenteres metoden for utregning av horisontalkraft i hovedkablene. Instabilitets-fenomenene som oppstår for et brotverrsnitt gjennomgås: statisk divergens, dynamisk instabilitet i vertikalretning, dynamisk instabilitet i torsjon og flutter. Virvelavløsning beskrives, samt konstruksjonselementene som brukes for å unngå dette. Innvirkningen av avstivningsbæreren blir utforsket, og tre gunstige utforminger blir presentert. Hovedelementene til konstruksjonen har blitt oppgitt fra Vegdirektoratet. For å verifisere gjennomførbarheten til konstruksjonen blir kapasiteten til hovedkablene regnet ut og sammenlignet med den dimensjonerende kraften i hovedkablene. Deretter blir dataprogrammet Alvsat benyttet for å finne egenfrekvenser og egenmoder. Til slutt regnes stabilitetsgrensen for de ulike avstivningsbærerne ut.Avstivningsbæreren er et splittet kassetverrsnitt som består av to kassetverrsnitt koblet sammen ved hjelp av en tverrstiver. Parameteren som varieres er senteravstanden mellom de to kassene. Denne er enten 15 m, 20 m eller 30 m. Beregninger viser at grensen for dynamisk instabilitet endrer seg for de ulike avstivningsbærerne. For senteravstand 15 m mellom kassene blir flutter dimensjonerende og oppstår ved en vindhastighet på 74 m/s. For senteravstand 20 m mellom kassene vil dynamisk instabilitet i torsjon være dimensjonerende. Dette oppstår ved en vindhastighet på 107 m/s. Flutter vil også oppstå for denne utformingen, men blir ikke dimensjonerende. Noe overraskende oppnås det ingen stabilitetsgrense for avstivningsbæreren med 30 m senteravstand.Selve utførelsen av avstivningsbæreren vil dermed ha stor betydning for broens dynamiske egenskaper og påvirke den dimensjonerende vindhastigheten.Selv om det ikke har blitt utført vindmålinger ved plasseringen av broen over Sognefjorden ble det brukt 58 m/s på Hardangerbrua. Den dimensjonerende vindhastigheten virker derfor tilstrekkelig for de tre utførelsene av avstivningsbæreren. Effekten av en massedemper har ikke blitt undersøkt, men en massedemper vil kunne redusere responsen.
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Mattsson, Annie. "Komediant och riksförrädare : Handskriftcirkulerade smädeskrifter mot Gustaf III." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122409.
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The opposition against Gustavus III (1746–1792) had limited access to the printing press, but managed to spread a variety of political pamphlets through clandestine manuscripts. The main purpose of the dissertation is to analyse this communication and thereby enhance our understanding of the political culture of the period. The manuscript published oppositional works against Gustavus III have hitherto been little explored. With source material consisting of 120 manuscript libels, this study makes use of three interrelated methodological perspectives: media analysis, rhetorical analysis and analysis of ideas. The combination of media studies and classical rhetoric is inspired by the works of Peter Burke. Questions of production, distribution and consumption frame the discussions. The libels – published anonymously for fear of persecution – were spread through what Harold Love calls “user publication”. This means that many readers contributed to their distribution and through the act of copying also functioned as co-authors. The majority of the libels originated among the estate of the nobility and their political allies. The authors were often accomplished writers, skilfully using a variety of rhetorical strategies to interest and entertain their readers. When viewed in an international context, the Swedish material is revealed as relatively conservative. The arguments in the Swedish works were generally founded on established and traditional values and ideas, and treated Monarchy and Lutheran Christianity as given institutions which stood unquestioned. In comparison to French libels against royalty, Swedes were also more reluctant to use sexual slander. One explanation for this conservatism is that the authors were aiming for a wide audience, and therefore strove to ground their arguments in common values. Another explanation can be found in the fact that many of the works originated within the noble classes: a privileged group which had much to gain from the preservation of traditional social structures.
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Yau, Suet Man. "Slanted layer photonic structures in silver-halide gelatin emulsions /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?PHYS%202006%20YAU.
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Bradaric, Matea, and David Desimons. "Design and Analysis of a Slanted Cable-stayed Building." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209912.
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The Tubed Mega Frame (TMF) is a structural system for high-rise building developed by Tyréns AB. Compared to conventional structural systems, the TMF is a coreless system that transfers the loads through the perimeter of the building instead and in turn enables ability to support new architectural shapes and forms of buildings. This thesis covers an initial study of a high-rise building with an unconventional shape implementing the TMF system, the Cable-stayed Building, which consists of a slanted tower with a cable-supported cantilever. The study of the building was divided in to a geometrical study and a cable study. The geometrical study was carried out to gain an initial understanding of the global structural behavior by altering specific geometrical parameters. The cable efficiency in terms of total vertical forces was investigated in the cable study by comparing different cable arrangements, cable diameters and prestressing forces for a fixed global geometry. The studies were performed under linear and nonlinear static conditions using the finite element software SAP2000 and ETABS. The results from the geometrical study showed that the cable efficiency increases in terms of larger vertical cable forces with a less inclined building and longer cantilever length. In addition, the results showed significant effects of geometric nonlinearities considering P-delta for different geometric cases. Furthermore, a study of the axial forces in the mega columns indicated that the most inclined building in which no uplifting forces and barely any tension occur along the mega columns, is the 7° incline with cantilever length 73.4 m. As abovementioned, the efficiency of the cables was compared for different arrangements, cable diameter and prestressing forces. The results indicated that as the prestressing force increases, the efficiency of cables rises more for smaller cable diameter than for larger. Furthermore, the comparison of fan- and harp-shape cable arrangements showed that the latter, including three pairs of cables, gives the highest cable efficiency relative to the amount of steel required of the cantilever bracing system. Nevertheless, the study indicates that the cable forces are inherently dependent on many parameters, such as the sag effect considered in the modulus of elasticity and the stress inducing temperature, which in turn depends on cable diameter, prestressing force and cable arrangement. To conclude the study, a modal analysis showed that the Cable-stayed Building is classified as a stiff building according to the guidelines from Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Further research on the structure could be carried out within different areas, as this thesis is only an initial study of the structure. For instance, material nonlinearities, dynamic responses of the building as well as soil structure interaction, should be investigated further.<br>Tubed Mega Frame (TMF) är ett bärande system för höghus utvecklat av Tyréns AB. TMF är, till skillnad från nuvarande konstruktioner, ett system utan en bärande kärna som överför laster via byggnadens perimeter istället, vilket skapar nya förutsättningar gällande arkitektoniska former på höghus. I detta projektarbete genomförs en förstudie på en byggnad med en ovanlig design, Snedkabel Byggnaden, bestående av ett lutande torn och en konsol som bärs upp av kablar. Studien är uppdelad i en geometrisk analys och en kabel analys. Den geometriska studien syftar till att få en uppfattning om hur det globala bärande systemet beter sig genom att variera vissa geometriska parametrar. Syftet med kabel studiens är att undersöka kablarnas effektivitet genom att jämföra den totala vertikala kabelkraften med olika kabelsystem, kabeldiametrar och förspänningar för en fastställd geometri av byggnaden. Statiskt linjära och ickelinjära strukturanalyser genomfördes för båda studier i finita element programmen SAP2000 och ETABS. Resultaten från den geometriska studien visade att kabel effektiviteten ökar för en mindre lutad byggnad och en längre konsol, då kabelkrafterna ökar. Dessutom indikerar resultaten anmärkningsvärda effekter vid beaktandet av ickelinjäritet med P-delta för olika globala geometrier. En undersökning av axialkrafter i pelarna visar att den mest lutade byggnaden som inte ger upphov till upplyftande krafter och knappt några dragkrafter längs pelarna är byggnaden med 7° lutning och konsollängd på 73.4 m. Som tidigare nämnt undersöktes kablarna effektivitet genom att jämföra olika kabelsystem, kabeldiametrar och förspänningar. Resultaten påvisade att med högre förspänningar, desto mer ökar kabeleffektiviteten för mindre kabeldiameter än större. Dessutom visade jämförelsen mellan solfjäder- och harp-systemet att harp-systemet med tre kabelpar ger stört kabeleffektivitet i relation till stålmassan för stagningen i konsolen. Krafterna i kablarna beror i sig till stor del av exempelvis elasticitets modulen med hänsyn till kablarnas nedböjning och den spänningsinducerande temperaturen, som i sin tur beror på kabeldiameter, förspänning och kabelsystem. Avslutningsvis utfördes en modalanalys som visade på att Snedkabel Byggnaden klassificeras som en styv byggnad enligt riktlinjer från Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Ytterligare studier på strukturen kan genomföras inom olika områden, då detta är en förstudie på byggnaden. Exempelvis på vidare forskning är att ta hänsyn till materialens ickelinjäriteter, byggnadens dynamiska respons samt samverkan mellan byggnad och grund.
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Moro, Nikhil. "Freedom of expression and the information society a legal analysis toward a libertarian framework for libel /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1158715837.
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Lentz, Matthias. "Konflikt, Ehre, Ordnung : Untersuchungen zu den Schmähbriefen und Schandbildern des späten Mittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit (ca. 1350 bis 1600) ; mit einem illustrierten Katalog der Überlieferung /." Hannover : Hahn, 2004. http://www.h-net.org/review/hrev-a0f4i4-aa.
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Power, Jonathan David. "Modeling Anisoplanatic Effects from Atmospheric Turbulence across Slanted Optical Paths in Imagery." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1460731896.
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Ramió, Costa Carmen. "El Libelluls o demanda en l'estil judicial català entre el ius commune i els iura propia segles XII al XIX : l'estil judicial del libellus o demanda en els iura propria catalans." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131077.
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La present tesi estudia i analitza, d'una banda, la institució jurídica
amb la que comença el procés judicial; per l'altre, l'estil judicial
català. L'abast de la investigació se centra en el dret intermedi o vell
règim, enllaçant-lo amb la llei d'enjudiciament civil de 1881.
S'entén per dret intermedi o vell règim, el dret que es va donar
després de la caiguda de l'Imperi Romà fins a arribar a l'actual dret
codificat del segle XIX-XX, i rep el nom de ius commune et iura
propia; en el qual, la institució d'inici del procés judicial era
anomenada libellus i/o demanda. També, en aquesta època
històrica, es donava un estil judicial propi en cada regne; raó per la
qual ens centrem en l'estil judicial del Principat de Catalunya. La
investigació del libellus o demanda observa les diferències i
semblants que la uneixen o separen amb la demanda judicial del
codi processal civil de 1881.<br>This thesis studies and analyzes, on the one hand, the institution
initiating the judicial process; and on the other hand, Catalan
judicial style. The scope of the research is focused on the
intermediate law (the middle Ages or old regime), linking it with
the Civil procedure law of 1881. Intermediate laws or old regime
rights, which are called ius commune et iura propia, they mean the
rights conferred after the fall of the Roman Empire up to the current
Civil Procedure law of the 19th and 20th Centuries. The institution
that initiates the judicial process was called in the ius commune et
iura propia: libellus and / or demand. Also, in this historical epoch,
each kingdom had its own judicial style. Therefore we focus on the
judicial style of the Principality of Catalonia. This research into the
libellus and/or demand notes similarities and differences between
them and the demand or slander. Demand is the current name of the
institution which begins the trial according to the civil procedure
law of 1881.<br>La presente tesis estudia y analiza, por un lado, la institución
jurídica iniciadora del proceso judicial; por el otro, el estilo judicial
catalán. El alcance de la investigación se centra en el derecho
intermedio o viejo régimen, enlazándolo con la ley de
enjuiciamiento civil de 1881. Se entiende por derecho intermedio o
viejo régimen, el derecho que se dio después de la caída del Imperio
Romano hasta llegar al actual derecho codificado del siglo XIXXX,
y recibe el nombre de ius commune et iura propia; en el que, la
institución de inicio del proceso judicial era llamada libellus y/o
demanda. También, en esta época histórica, se daba un estilo
judicial propio en cada reino; razón por la que nos centramos en el
estilo judicial del Principado de Cataluña. La investigación del
libellus o demanda observa las diferencias y parecidos que la unen o
separan con la demanda judicial del código procesal civil de 1881.
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Costa, Déborah Regina Lambach Ferreira da. "Reparação do dano à imagem das pessoas jurídicas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5351.
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:19:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Deborah Regina Lambach Ferreira da Costa.pdf: 721094 bytes, checksum: 08a6d037883f68580c4820a74a74bd27 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-09-23<br>In a globalized world, owners of image rights are more vulnerable to damages for
which compensation may be sought. New technologies, the web, TV, broadcasting
channels and mechanical systems in general, which disseminate information in real
time making it accessible to millions of people, increase this exposure to defamation.
Both legal entities governed by private and public law that own rights of publicity
consistent with their legal status run the risk of having their images damaged. Items
V and X of article 5 of the Brazilian Constitution provide that these entities are entitle
to compensation for libel and slander, or moral damages in a literal translation from
Portuguese.
Detaching the concept of libel and slander from pain and suffering , the Brazilian
Superior Court of Justice published case law summary [ Súmula ] No. 227 which
resulted in the application of article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights
to prevent abuse of the freedom of expression and ensure maximum protection to
reputation.
This study is an in-depth analysis of image rights based on the initial assumption that
these are autonomous rights of publicity entitled to protection both at constitutional
and infraconstitutional level.
The compensation for image damages leaves formal positivism aside to follow the
paradigm shift introduced by the Constitution of Brazil ratified in 1988 when social,
ethical and operational principles -- even within the scope of civil liability -- where
brought to light allowing the interpretation of the Civil Code to be consistent with the
concepts of equity and justice in an attempt to foster ethics and compassion in
society<br>Na era globalizada, o titular do direito à imagem está mais vulnerável a sofrer um
dano ressarcível. O avanço da tecnologia, a Internet, a televisão, os meios de
radiodifusão e o sistema mecanizado em geral, que propagam a informação em
tempo real, acessível a milhões e milhões de outros sujeitos, expõe as pessoas cada
vez mais ao vilipêndio.
Tanto as pessoas jurídicas de direito privado, como as de direito público, podem ser
vítimas de dano à imagem, porque titulares de direitos da personalidade compatíveis
com a sua natureza jurídica. Ademais, lhes é assegurada a reparação do dano moral
nos incisos V e X do artigo 5º da Constituição Federal.
A jurisprudência, desapegando-se do conceito de dano moral como o dano da
alma , editou a Súmula n. 227 do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Passou-se a
interpretar o artigo 10 da Convenção Europeia de Direitos Humanos de modo a
coibir abusos do direito de livre expressão na proteção da reputação em toda a sua
amplitude.
De modo que o direito à imagem será analisado com profundidade, tomando-se
como ponto de partida a afirmação de que é um direito da personalidade autônomo,
recebendo proteção constitucional e infraconstitucional.
A reparação do dano à imagem aparta-se do rigor formal do positivismo,
acompanhando a mudança de paradigma trazida pela Constituição Federal de 1988,
que aflorou, inclusive no âmbito da responsabilidade civil, princípios como da
socialidade, da eticidade e da operabilidade, com vistas a dar interpretação e
subsunção às normas do Código Civil consentâneas com a equidade e a justiça, em
prol de uma sociedade mais ética e fraterna
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Caglayan, Eda. "Media, Politics And Slanted News Coverage During Election Periods-case Study Of Akp." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611885/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
MEDIA, POLITICS AND SLANTED NEWS COVERAGE DURING THE ELECTION PERIODS &ndash<br>CASE STUDY OF NEWS ON AKP
Ç<br>AgLAYAN, Eda
M.S. in Media and Cultural Studies
Supervisor : Prof. Dr. RaSit KAYA
May, 2010, 107 pages
This thesis aims to study the attitude of media towards AKP (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi - Justice and Development Party) during the 2002 and 2007 general legislative elections in Turkey. Three national newspapers were selected in the scope of analysis: Hü<br>rriyet, Sabah an Yeni Safak in two months period before 2002 General Elections and 2007 General Elections (September, 1- October, 31 2002, June, 1 &ndash<br>July, 21 2007). Media are assumed to have a defining role on the formation of opinions due to the fact that the events of the external world to our immediate experiences is continuously interpreted and disseminated through them. Under these considerations, it is frequently claimed that world of politics is one of the most effected institutions. So, during the election periods campaigns are designed and carried out to direct opinions by means of media. Main question of the thesis is whether national daily newspapers were favorable to AKP, both before 2002 general elections when it was elected as first political party and before 2007 general elections when it was the ruling party. AKP news coverage of the selected newspapers in the defined periods were examined through qualitative content analysis. Selected newspapers&rsquo<br>news slant are revealed by way of reading AKP news critically to determine their dominant tone, gauging how much space they occupied in the newspapers and considering attitudes of the newspapers towards other political parties.
Keywords: Media, Liberal Media Theory, News Slant, Qualitative Content Analysis
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Al-Nassrawi, Hamzah, and Grigorios Tsamis. "Global Analysis and design of a complex slanted High-Rise Building with Tube Mega Frame." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215950.
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The need for tall buildings will increase in the future and new building techniques will emerge to full fill that need. Tyrénshas developed a new structural system called Tube Mega Frame where the major loads are transferred to the ground through big columns located in the perimeter of the building. The new concept has the advantage of eliminating the core inside the heart of the building but furthermore gives countless possibilities and flexibility for a designer. The elimination of the central core, plus the multiformity the Tube Mega Frame, can result new building shapes if combined with new inventions like the Multi elevator Thussenkrupp developed. Multi is a new elevator system with the ability to move in all directions apart from vertically. In this thesis research of the possible combinations between TMF and Multi was conducted. The building shaped resulted is only one of the many possible outcomes which the mix of Multi and TMF can have. The building was constructed in a way so the TMF would be the main structural system, the building would have inclinations so the multi elevator would be the only elevator appropriate for the structure and the height would be significantly large. The pre-study focused on the inclination and its particularities. The inclination played a significant role on how the inner forces were distributed in a structure. Under special circumstances the inclination could be even beneficial although inclination could result in axial forces on the slabs so the horizontal elements should be designed thoroughly not only for bending or shear but also for axial loading. The next phase was experimenting on different simple shaped buildings and combinations of them. The conclusions on the simple buildings formed the idea on how the main building would be. The main building was modeled using four different structural systems and their subcategories with seven models in total. Totally seven systems were compared in load combinations for wind, dead, live, and seismic loads and the global behavior was studied. The model comparison included maximum deformations and modes of vibrations. This way the best structural systems were discovered for the specific building shape and conclusions on inclination into a structure were made. The best structural systems and more reliable in terms of results but also in simplicity of construction were chosen to be designed in ETABS. The 50m belt system, the outside braces system and the diagrid system were designed. The design of the buildings was conducted using the American code ASCE /SEI 7-10. In the design two different mega columns were used to study how a solid or hollow cross section can affect the global behavior. Depending on the structural system the mega column had a major or minor effect on the stiffness of the structure. The design of the cross sections was divided in many groups since the complex geometry had an impact on how and where forces arised in the structure. The outside brace system had the best results in terms of less weight and global stiffness proving that in inclined building and columns with the correct bracing and triangulation of elements could extinguish the negative effects of inclination and even perform better compared to conventional buildings. The 50-belt system was furthermore studied in buckling since it was one of the best structural systems but with the least bracing, but also the least complex in terms of construction method. The automated buckling through ETABS was conducted and a more conservative approach where the user is defining the buckling length and support factors was used. In addition, a comparison between the user defined factors and global buckling was conducted.<br>Behovet av höga byggnader kommer att öka i framtiden och ny byggteknik kommer att uppfylla detta behov. Tyréns har utvecklat ett nytt konstruktionssystem som kallas Tube Mega Frame där de stora lasterna överförs till marken genom stora pelare i byggnadens omkrets. Det nya konceptet har fördelen att eliminera kärnan inuti byggnadens hjärta, men ger dessutom otaliga möjligheter och flexibilitet för en konstruktör. Avlägsnandet av den centrala kärnan, plus mångfalden av Tube Mega Frame, kan resultera i nya byggnadsformer i kombination med nya uppfinningar som Multi Lift ThyssenKrupphar utvecklat. Multi är ett nytt hissystem med möjlighet att röra sig i alla riktningar bortsett från vertikalt. I denna uppsats genomfördes forskning om möjliga kombinationer med TMF och Multi. Den formgivna byggnaden är bara ett av de många möjliga resultaten som blandningen av Multi och TMF kan ha. Byggnaden byggdes på ett sätt att TMF skulle vara det huvudsakliga struktursystemet, byggnaden skulle ha lutningar så att Multi skulle vara den enda lösning som är lämplig för konstruktionen och höjden skulle vara betydligt stor. Förstudien fokuserade på lutningen och dess särdrag. Lutningen spelar en viktig roll för hur de inre krafterna fördelas i en struktur. Under speciella förhållanden kan lutningen vara till och med fördelaktig, även om lutning kan resultera i axiella krafter på plattorna så att de horisontella elementen måste utformas noggrant, inte bara för böjning eller skjuvning. Nästa fas var att experimentera på olika enkla lutande bygg former och kombinationer av dem. Slutsatserna från dessa enkla byggnaderna bildade tanken på hur huvudbyggnaden skulle vara. Huvudbyggnaden modellerades med fyra olika strukturella system och deras underkategorier med totalt sju modeller. Hela sju system jämfördes i lastkombinationer med vind last, seismisk last, egenvikt, nyttig last och det globala beteendet studerades. Modellens jämförelse inkluderade maximala deformationer och vibrationer. På detta sätt upptäcktes de bästa strukturella systemen för den specifika byggformen och slutsatser om lutning i en struktur gjordes. De bästa strukturella systemen och mer tillförlitliga vad gäller resultat men också avseende enkel konstruktion valdes att utformas i ETABS. 50 m Bältessystemet, det yttre Bäcksystemet och Diagridsystemet konstruerades. Utformningen av byggnaderna utfördes med användning av den amerikanska normen ASCE / SEI 7–10. I designen användes två olika megapelare för att studera hur en solid eller ihålig tvärsektion kunde påverka det globala beteendet. Beroende på konstruktionssystemet kunde megapelaren ha en större eller mindre effekt på strukturens styvhet. Tvärsnittens konstruktion var uppdelad i många grupper eftersom komplexa geometrin har en inverkan på hur och där krafter uppstår i strukturen. Utvändiga stödsystem hade de bästa resultaten när det gäller mindre vikt och global styvhet, vilket viste att i lutande byggnader och pelare kunde den korrekta förstärkningen och trianguleringen av element skilja de negativa effekterna av lutning och till och med fungera bättre jämfört med konventionella byggnader. 50-bältesystemet studerades vidare förknäckning, eftersom det var ett av de bästa konstruktionssystemen, men med minst fackverk, men också det minst komplexa med avseende på konstruktionsmetod. Den automatiska knäckning analysgenom ETABS genomfördes och ett mer konservativt tillvägagångssätt där användaren definierar knäcklängden och stödfaktorerna. Dessutom genomfördes en jämförelse mellan de användardefinierade faktorerna och global knäckning.
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Wehner, Rebekka. "Interaktionen von dendritischen Zellen und Effektorzellen der frühen antitumoralen Immunabwehr." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1215435610000-24671.
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In den letzten Jahren ergaben sich vermehrt Hinweise, dass dendritische Zellen (DCs) zu einer Stimulation von Natürlichen „Killer“ (NK)-Zellen in der Lage sind, die als zytotoxische Effektorzellen des angeborenen Immunsystems Tumorzellen eliminieren. Aus diesem Grund bestand ein wesentliches Ziel dieser Arbeit in der Analyse der Wechselwirkungen zwischen nativen DCs und NK-Zellen. Dazu wurden slanDCs verwendet, welche die größte DC-Subpopulation des Blutes repräsentieren. Zunächst wurde evaluiert, ob slanDCs eine effiziente Aktivierung von NK-Zellen bewirken. Als ein Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass Lipopolysaccharid (LPS)-stimulierte slanDCs sowohl zu einer verstärkten Expression des Aktivierungsmarkers CD69 auf der Oberfläche von NK-Zellen als auch zur Induktion der NK-Zell-Proliferation führen. Darüber hinaus wurde erstmals die slanDC-abhängige Erhöhung der Expression von aktivierenden Rezeptoren (NKp46, NKp44, NKp30) und Korezeptoren (2B4, DNAM-1) auf NK-Zellen demonstriert, welche essentiell für die NK-Zell-vermittelte Erkennung und Lyse von Tumorzellen sind. In weiteren Untersuchungen induzierten LPS-aktivierte slanDCs eine erhebliche Produktion von Interferon (IFN)-gamma in NK-Zellen, welches proliferationshemmend auf Tumorzellen und aktivierend auf T-Lymphozyten wirkt. Funktionelle Analysen ergaben, dass aktivierte slanDCs das zytotoxische Potential von NK-Zellen gegenüber der Tumorzelllinie K-562 deutlich verstärken. Untersuchungen der zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen zeigten die herausragende Bedeutung von IL-12, das sowohl die Steigerung der IFN-gamma-Sekretion als auch die Zunahme der zytolytischen Aktivität von NK-Zellen induzierte. Darüber hinaus konnte erstmals gezeigt werden, dass LPS-aktivierte slanDCs eine Zytotoxizität von NK-Zellen gegenüber frisch etablierten Blasten von Patienten mit akuter myeloischer Leukämie induzieren. In weiteren Untersuchungen wurde evaluiert, ob NK-Zellen ihrerseits die immunstimulatorischen Eigenschaften von slanDCs beeinflussen. Die Analysen zeigten erstmals, dass unstimulierte NK-Zellen die Expression von MHC-Klasse II-Molekülen, kostimulatorischen Molekülen und Adhäsionsmolekülen auf slanDCs deutlich erhöhen und somit ihre Fähigkeit zur Aktivierung von CD8+ T-Lymphozyten sowie CD4+ T-Helferzellen fördern. NK-Zellen führen ebenfalls zu einer deutlichen Verstärkung der Produktion von IL-12 durch LPS-stimulierte slanDCs. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich, dass NK-Zellen die Sekretion des immunsuppressiven Zytokins IL-10 durch LPS-stimulierte slanDCs reduzieren. In weiteren Analysen wurde demonstriert, dass die Interaktionen mit NK Zellen die Fähigkeit von LPS-aktivierten slanDCs zur Programmierung naiver CD4+ T-Lymphozyten in IFN-gamma-produzierende T-Helfer-1-Zellen deutlich verstärken. Diese Ergebnisse zeigten deutlich, dass stimulierte slanDCs und NK-Zellen in der Lage sind, sich wechselseitig zu aktivieren. NKT-Zellen repräsentieren eine weitere bedeutende Effektorzellpopulation der frühen antitumoralen Immunabwehr, die durch Sekretion von Zytokinen und ein ausgeprägtes zytolytisches Potential zur Elimination von Tumorzellen beiträgt. Deshalb wurden im Rahmen dieser Arbeit erstmals die Wechselwirkungen zwischen slanDCs und NKT-Zellen analysiert. Dabei verstärkten LPS-stimulierte slanDCs die Expression des Aktivierungsmarkers CD69 auf NKT-Zellen. Darüber hinaus induzierten LPS-aktivierte slanDCs eine deutliche IFN-gamma-Produktion in NKT-Zellen, wobei erneut die zentrale Rolle von IL-12 gezeigt wurde. Diese Ergebnisse demonstrierten, dass stimulierte slanDCs zu einer effektiven Aktivierung von NKT Zellen in der Lage sind. In abschließenden Untersuchungen wurde die Wirkung von NKT-Zellen auf slanDCs evaluiert. Dabei verstärkten NKT-Zellen die Maturierung von slanDCs erheblich und führten zu einer signifikanten Steigerung der IL-12-Produktion sowie zu einer Reduktion der IL-10-Freisetzung in Abhängigkeit von IFN-gamma. Die gewonnenen Daten demonstrierten, dass NKT-Zellen und slanDCs zu einer gegenseitigen Aktivierung befähigt sind. Die im Rahmen dieser Dissertation gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zu den Interaktionen von slanDCs und NK- bzw. NKT-Zellen können einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum Verständnis der Immunabwehr von Tumoren leisten und die Konzeption neuer antitumoraler Therapiestrategien unterstützen.
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Barnard, M. E. "The surface acoustic wave focussing slanted chirped transducer and its assessment as the basis of a spectrum analyser." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355726.
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Bachmann, Michael, Holger Bartsch, Biji T. Kurien, et al. "A Novel Modular Antigen Delivery System for Immuno Targeting of Human 6-sulfo LacNAc-Positive Blood Dendritic Cells (SlanDCs)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-186316.
Full textAbstract:
Background
Previously, we identified a major myeloid-derived proinflammatory subpopulation of human blood dendritic cells which we termed slanDCs (e.g. Schäkel et al. (2006) Immunity 24, 767–777). The slan epitope is an O-linked sugar modification (6-sulfo LacNAc, slan) of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). As slanDCs can induce neoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells and tumor-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, they appear as promising targets for an in vivo delivery of antigens for vaccination. However, tools for delivery of antigens to slanDCs were not available until now. Moreover, it is unknown whether or not antigens delivered via the slan epitope can be taken up, properly processed and presented by slanDCs to T cells.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Single chain fragment variables were prepared from presently available decavalent monoclonal anti-slan IgM antibodies but failed to bind to slanDCs. Therefore, a novel multivalent anti-slanDC scaffold was developed which consists of two components: (i) a single chain bispecific recombinant diabody (scBsDb) that is directed on the one hand to the slan epitope and on the other hand to a novel peptide epitope tag, and (ii) modular (antigen-containing) linker peptides that are flanked at both their termini with at least one peptide epitope tag. Delivery of a Tetanus Toxin-derived antigen to slanDCs via such a scBsDb/antigen scaffold allowed us to recall autologous Tetanus-specific memory T cells.
Conclusions/Significance
In summary our data show that (i) the slan epitope can be used for delivery of antigens to this class of human-specific DCs, and (ii) antigens bound to the slan epitope can be taken up by slanDCs, processed and presented to T cells. Consequently, our novel modular scaffold system may be useful for the development of human vaccines.
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Bachmann, Michael, Holger Bartsch, Biji T. Kurien, et al. "A Novel Modular Antigen Delivery System for Immuno Targeting of Human 6-sulfo LacNAc-Positive Blood Dendritic Cells (SlanDCs)." PLOS, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A29020.
Full textAbstract:
Background
Previously, we identified a major myeloid-derived proinflammatory subpopulation of human blood dendritic cells which we termed slanDCs (e.g. Schäkel et al. (2006) Immunity 24, 767–777). The slan epitope is an O-linked sugar modification (6-sulfo LacNAc, slan) of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). As slanDCs can induce neoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells and tumor-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, they appear as promising targets for an in vivo delivery of antigens for vaccination. However, tools for delivery of antigens to slanDCs were not available until now. Moreover, it is unknown whether or not antigens delivered via the slan epitope can be taken up, properly processed and presented by slanDCs to T cells.
Methodology/Principal Findings
Single chain fragment variables were prepared from presently available decavalent monoclonal anti-slan IgM antibodies but failed to bind to slanDCs. Therefore, a novel multivalent anti-slanDC scaffold was developed which consists of two components: (i) a single chain bispecific recombinant diabody (scBsDb) that is directed on the one hand to the slan epitope and on the other hand to a novel peptide epitope tag, and (ii) modular (antigen-containing) linker peptides that are flanked at both their termini with at least one peptide epitope tag. Delivery of a Tetanus Toxin-derived antigen to slanDCs via such a scBsDb/antigen scaffold allowed us to recall autologous Tetanus-specific memory T cells.
Conclusions/Significance
In summary our data show that (i) the slan epitope can be used for delivery of antigens to this class of human-specific DCs, and (ii) antigens bound to the slan epitope can be taken up by slanDCs, processed and presented to T cells. Consequently, our novel modular scaffold system may be useful for the development of human vaccines.
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Day, Keith D. "The administration of the #botched' FIDIC contract : the problems arising out of the administration of a wrongly #slanted' contract for turnkey projects." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280915.
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Slane, Daniel [Verfasser], and Gerd [Akademischer Betreuer] Jürgens. "Analyse zur globalen Genexpression in Geweben des frühen Arabidopsis thaliana Embryos / Daniel Slane ; Betreuer: Gerd Jürgens." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1196982465/34.
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Geyer, Elisabeth. "Akkumulation infiltrierender 6-sulfo LacNAc+ dendritischer Zellen im Kolonkarzinom." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-226707.
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Das kolorektale Karzinom (KRK) zählt zu den immunogenen Tumoren und zeichnet sich durch eine ausgeprägte Infiltration von verschiedenen Immunzell-Populationen aus. Dabei scheinen insbesondere CD8+ T-Lymphozyten und CD4+ T-Helfer-Zellen Typ 1 das Tumorwachstum zu beeinflussen und spielen somit eine zunehmende Rolle als prognostische Marker. Dementsprechend ergaben sich mehrere Hinweise, dass eine hohe Frequenz dieser beiden T-Zell-Populationen in KRK-Geweben mit einer erhöhten Überlebensrate assoziiert ist. Diese neuen Erkenntnisse könnten zukünftig in die Klassifikation des KRKs einfließen und therapeutische Entscheidungen beeinflussen. Im Gegensatz zu Tumor-infiltrierenden T-Zellen ist jedoch über die Frequenz und die Eigenschaften von nativen humanen dendritischen Zellen (DCs) in Kolonkarzinom-Geweben und deren mögliche Rolle in der immunologischen Abwehr von Tumoren nur sehr wenig bekannt. Als professionelle antigenpräsentierende Zellen spielen DCs eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Induktion und Aufrechterhaltung einer Tumor-gerichteten Immunantwort und können dadurch die Tumorentwicklung wesentlich beeinflussen. Daher wurden im Rahmen dieser Dissertation erstmalig Frequenz, Verteilung, Reifestatus und Zytokinexpression von 6-sulfo LacNAc+ (slan) DCs in Kolonkarzinom-Geweben sowie in korrespondierenden tumorfreien Kolon-Geweben untersucht. SlanDCs stellen eine große Subpopulation von humanen Blut-DCs dar, die nach Aktivierung hohe Konzentrationen von verschiedenen proinflammatorischen Zytokinen sezernieren. Darüber hinaus sind sie effizient in der Lage, die antitumoralen Eigenschaften von CD8+ T-Lymphozyten und CD4+ T-Helfer-Zellen sowie von Natürlichen Killer-Zellen zu fördern. Ausgehend von diesen Eigenschaften könnten slanDCs einen Beitrag zur Immunabwehr des Kolonkarzinoms leisten und somit das Tumorwachstum beeinflussen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde zunächst mit Hilfe immunhistochemischer Färbungen der Nachweis von slanDCs in Kolonkarzinom-Geweben erbracht. In diesem Zusammenhang konnte eine höhere Frequenz von slanDCs in Kolonkarzinom-Geweben (Mittelwert: 16,69 slanDCs/mm2, n=38) im Vergleich zu den korrespondierenden tumorfreien Geweben (Mittelwert: 9,25 slanDCs/mm2, n=38) detektiert werden. Des Weiteren wurde eine höhere Dichte von infiltrierenden slanDCs in Kolonkarzinom-Gewebeproben (Mittelwert: 18,85 slanDCs/mm2, n=20) im Vergleich zu plasmazytoiden DCs (Mittelwert: 4,86 pDCs/mm2, n=20), welche eine andere Subpopulation von humanen DCs im Blut repräsentieren, nachgewiesen. Ausgehend von diesen Erkenntnissen erfolgten verschiedene Immunfluoreszenzfärbungen zur Untersuchung des Reifestatus und der Zytokinexpression der Kolonkarzinom-infiltrierenden slanDCs. Dabei konnten in allen zehn untersuchten Tumorgeweben CD83-exprimierende slanDCs detektiert werden (Mittelwert: 46,7 % CD83+ slanDCs), was auf einen reifen Phänotyp dieser DCs hinweist. Zudem erfolgte der Nachweis einer Interleukin (IL)-23-Expression in variabler Ausprägung durch infiltrierende slanDCs in zehn von elf analysierten Kolonkarzinom-Geweben (Mittelwert: 33,8 % IL-23+ slanDCs). Dabei stellte sich heraus, dass slanDCs einen wesentlichen Anteil der IL-23-exprimierenden Zellen in einigen untersuchten Gewebeproben darstellen. Eine Expression von Tumornekrosefaktor durch Kolonkarzinom-infiltrierende slanDCs wurde hingegen nur in einer geringen Frequenz detektiert. Weitere Untersuchungen identifizierten slanDCs als neue zelluläre Komponente der T-Zell-Zone von tertiären lymphoiden Strukturen (TLS) der Tumorumgebung des Kolonkarzinoms. Darüber hinaus wies ein deutlicher Anteil der dort lokalisierten slanDCs einen reifen Phänotyp oder eine Expression von IL-23 auf. Ausgehend von diesen neuen Ergebnissen könnten die infiltrierenden slanDCs an der Modulation einer adaptiven Immunantwort in der T-Zell-Zone Kolonkarzinom-assoziierter TLS beteiligt sein und einen Einfluss auf das Tumorwachstum ausüben. Weiterhin könnte die Expression des proinflammatorischen Zytokins IL-23 durch slanDCs im Tumor-umgebenden Stroma und in den TLS eine Induktion IL-17-produzierender Zellen fördern und damit auf eine Beteiligung der slanDCs an einem entzündungsbedingten Fortschreiten der Tumorerkrankung über die IL-23/IL-17-Achse hindeuten. Insgesamt leisten die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der Rolle von humanen nativen DCs im Kolonkarzinom und könnten die Entwicklung neuer immuntherapeutischer Strategien in der Behandlung dieser Tumorerkrankung fördern<br>Colorectal cancer as an immunogenic tumor is characterized by a marked infiltration of different immune cell populations. Especially CD8+ T-lymphocytes and CD4+ T helper cells type 1 seem to influence tumor growth and therefore play an increasing role as prognostic markers. Thus, it has been shown that high densities of these T cell subsets are associated with improved survival of colorectal cancer patients. These new insights could become part of the classification of colorectal cancer and influence therapeutic decisions. Despite these studies, little is known about the frequency and properties of native human dendritic cells (DCs) in colon cancer tissues and their potential role in antitumor immunity. DCs as professional antigen-presenting cells are critical for the induction and maintenance of antitumor immunity and can essentially influence tumor progression. Thus, the frequency, distribution, maturation, and cytokine expression of 6-sulfo LacNAc+ (slan) DCs in colon cancer tissues as well as in corresponding tumor-free colon specimens were investigated. SlanDCs represent a subset of human blood DCs that secrete large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines upon activation. Furthermore slanDCs are able to efficiently activate CD4+ T cells, tumor-reactive CD8 + T cells, and natural killer cells. Due to these functional properties, slanDCs may contribute to antitumor immunity and may influence tumor growth. Within this doctoral thesis the presence of slanDCs in primary colon cancer samples was immunohistochemically verified. In this context, a higher frequency of slanDCs in colon cancer tissues (mean: 16,69 slanDCs/mm2, n=38) in comparison to the corresponding tumor-free specimens (mean: 9,25 slanDCs/mm2, n=38) could be detected. Moreover, higher frequencies of infiltrating slanDCs in colon cancer tissues (mean: 18,85 slanDCs/mm2, n=20) were detectable compared to plasmacytoid DCs (mean: 4,86 pDCs/mm2, n=20), representing another human blood DC-subset. Based on these results, various immunofluorescence stainings were performed to investigate maturation and cytokine expression of the infiltrating slanDCs. SlanDCs expressing the maturation marker CD83 were detected in all 10 analyzed colon cancer tissues (mean: 46,7% CD83+ slanDCs). In addition, IL-23-expressing slanDCs were present at varying percentages in 10 of 11 evaluated colon cancer samples (mean: 33,8% IL-23+ slanDCs). Interestingly, in several tissues slanDCs represented a marked proportion of all IL-23-expressing cells. However, slanDCs expressing tumor necrosis factor could only be detected in low frequencies in the analyzed colon cancer specimens. Further studies revealed that slanDCs are a novel component of the T-cell zone of colon cancer-associated tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). A proportion of these TLS-associated slanDCs displays a mature phenotype or express IL-23. These novel findings indicate that slanDCs may modulate adaptive immune responses in the T-cell zone of colon cancer-associated TLS and may contribute to the regulation of tumor progression. Furthermore the IL-23-expressing slanDCs in the tumor-surrounding stroma and the TLS may promote the generation of IL-17-producing cells and may participate in inflammation-related cancer progression mediated by the IL-23/IL-17 axis. These novel observations can help to decipher the role of human native DCs in colon cancer and may have implications for the design of therapeutic strategies against this tumor entity
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CARENZA, CLAUDIA. "DENDRITIC CELL SUBSETS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/844781.
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Abstract
Background and aims. High grade gliomas (HGGs) are aggressive brain tumours characterized by a poor prognosis and the ability to promote an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that impairs anti-tumor immune responses. Therefore, there is increasing interest in developing new immunotherapeutic approaches, aimed at boosting anti-tumor immune responses in HGG patients. Because HGG has shown the highest susceptibility to dendritic cell (DC) vaccines amongst other human cancers, DC-based immunotherapeutic strategies may be particularly promising in these patients. DCs are antigen presenting cells that have the unique ability to initiate antitumor immune responses, making these cells crucial in cancer immunosurveillance. They are a rare population composed of different subsets that differ each other in origin, immunophenotype and function. The differential role of different DC subsets in HGG, and in particular the subsets specifically recruited into the tumour site and the impact of HGG on the activatory/tolerogenic properties of DCs have been poorly investigated, so far. For these reasons, in this study we performed a deep characterization of circulating and tumour-infiltrating DC subsets, and investigated possible correlations between DC parameters and histopathological and molecular HGG features, patient outcome and response to treatment. To this aim, we used multiparameter flow-cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), which allow complex analyses on high-dimensional data.
Materials and methods. In this cross-sectional study we enrolled HGG patients undergoing surgery at their first diagnosis, and we applied an 18-colour flow-cytometry panel that allows the identification of DC-lineage DCs (pDCs, cDC1s, cDC2s) and inflammatory DCs (slanDCs, moDCs), and the characterisation of their activatory/inhibitory state. This panel was applied to DC characterization in the peripheral blood (n=23) and the tumour lesion (n=10) of HGG patients. Twelve whole blood samples obtained from healthy donors (HDs) and 3 healthy brain tissue samples were included as controls. scRNAseq experiments were performed on 7 tumoral samples and 2 healthy brain tissues obtained from HGG patients, by using 10x Genomics technology. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software was used to investigate the pathways and functions differentially activated or inhibited in infiltrating DCs. We also performed a longitudinal study on a second cohort of patients, diagnosed with recurrent HGG and enrolled in different immunotherapeutic early clinical trials (ieCTs), mainly containing immune checkpoint inhibitors (n=17). In these patients, we assessed the count and phenotype of circulating DC subsets before and at different time points after immunotherapy, by using the same 18-colour flow-cytometry panel described above. Multivariate analyses were used to correlate DC parameters with the patient outcome.
Results. In the cross-sectional study, we observed by flow-cytometry that the frequency of circulating pDCs, cDC1s, cDC2s and slanDCs was significantly lower in HGG patients than HDs. DC reduction was evident only in patients affected by the most severe form of HGGs (IDHwt IV grade gliomas). The analysis of tissue DCs revealed that DC subsets were absent in healthy brain parenchyma, whereas they infiltrated HGG tumour tissues. In particular all subsets of myeloid DCs (including cDC1s, cDC2s, slanDCs, and moDCs) were observed in the tumours, whereas pDCs were observed only in a few patients. Tumour-infiltrating DCs were markedly reduced in corticosteroid-receiving patients. By performing scRNAseq, we confirmed that DCs were mostly absent in healthy brain parenchyma whereas they were present in tumour samples and could be sub-divided in 2 sub-clusters. By IPA analysis, we observed a functional dichotomy between these clusters, with the largest one being characterised by an impaired/dormancy state, as assessed by the down-regulation of pathways and functions related to pro-inflammatory responses, cell motility and cell interactions, compared with the smallest cluster characterised, on the contrary, by a more active profile.
In the longitudinal study performed on relapsed HGG patients enrolled in ieCTs, we observed that patients with a positive clinical response to immunotherapeutic agents, as assessed by an increased overall survival, showed an increase in the number of circulating cDCs.
Conclusions. This study demonstrated that different subsets of DCs infiltrate human HGGs, but are mainly characterized by a transcriptomic profile suggestive of a functional impairment. These results provide novel insights into the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms of DC impairment in HGG microenvironment, and pave the way for the development of novel strategies aimed at restoring the ability of DCs to activate cytotoxic anti-tumour immune cells. Our observation in the longitudinal study that an increase of cDCs correlated with a better clinical response to immunotherapy seems to support the relevant role played by DCs in the control of HGG growth. On the other hand, our study also demonstrated that corticosteroid treatment, commonly used in HGG patients for the management of cerebral oedema, reduces the number of tumour-infiltrating DCs. Based on the above considerations, this finding may suggest a negative impact of corticosteroid treatment on anti-tumour immune responses, thus supporting the use of alternative approaches to control this clinical complication.
Altogether, our results support and encourage the study of DCs in HGG, in order to improve our knowledge on the role played by DCs within the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment that characterizes this human cancer. To this aim, in the near future we plan to apply new bioinformatic tools to the analysis of single-cell data collected in HGG tumour environment that may be particularly useful for investigating the intricate interactions occurring between DCs and other HGG-infiltrating immune cells or malignant glioma cells.
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Rimal, Sujan Kumar, and Levi Grennvall. "Analysis of Tripod shaped high rise building using Tubed Mega Frame structures." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209677.
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Most of the tall buildings that are built today have a straight and vertical shape, because vertical buildings are more stable and easily built than slanted ones. In the case of vertical building, bending moments in the base only exists from horizontal loads such as wind and seismic loads, but in slanted buildings there will also be bending moments from dead and live loads. In addition, transportation inside the building is also a challenge when it comes to slanted buildings. However, a new elevator system that ThyssenKrupp has developed will solve that problem. This new elevator has an ability to move in all direction both vertically and horizontally. The new structural system, Tube Mega Frame (TMF), has been studied and proved to have better efficiency than the central core with outriggers. Moving the bearing structure to the perimeter of the building, gives smaller overturning moment and better stability due to longer lever arm from the center. This thesis focuses on applying the Tube Mega Frame system to a slanted building which has a tripod structure. Different types of TMFs were used to compare the efficiency of the buildings performance. The TMF contains perimeter frame and mega columns with different binding systems such as belt walls and bracings. A pre-study has been carried out in order to see the overall behavior of the tripod shape. Different heights and inclinations have been analyzed with stick models. The analysis has been performed in the finite element software SAP2000 and deflections due to dead load was compared. The buildings with least deflection considering maximum height and maximum inclination was chosen for further model analysis in finite element software ETABS. Furthermore, a short study of different bracings system has been performed for the lateral loads and it concluded that X-bracing have better performance. The main study of this thesis focused on the two building models of 450 m with 7° inclination and 270 and 15° inclination. For each model, five different TMF systems were applied and analyzed. The TMF includes perimeter frame, perimeter frame with belt wall, mega columns, mega columns with belt wall and mega columns with bracings. Deformations due to wind load, seismic load and modal vibration has been compared. It concluded that the least deformation is achieved by the TMF mega columns with bracings for both models with two different heights. The periods of the building are comparatively lower than other systems. The deflection from TMF mega columns with belt walls did not differ much from the TMF mega columns with bracings. For the 270 m high building, the top story displacement was remarkably small because of the three legs, making it stiffer and stable. Even with the p delta effect, there were only millimeters of difference in top story displacement. TMF perimeter frame had a lower deflection than with belt wall, which should have been exact opposite. The reason was while making the total volume of buildings equal, the addition of belt walls led to thinner columns in the perimeter and lower stiffness.
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Hill, Catherine Ann. "Slanted and enchanted : witches and couter-discursive strategies in Moi, Tituba sorcière...noire de Salem by Maryse Condé, Les enfants du sabbat by Anne Hébert and The book of secrets by Fiona Kidman." Victoria University of Wellington, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL035.
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Dans cette thèse, trois romans sont analysés: The book of secrets de l'écrivain néo-zélandais Fiona Kidman, Moi, Tituba sorcière de la guadeloupéenne Maryse Condé, et Les enfants du sabbat de l'écrivain québécois Anne Hébert. Ces romans ont été choisis parce qu'ils présentent un personnage central féminin qualifié de sorcière, et que la représentation du trope de la sorcière de chaque roman diffère considérablement. Ceci a conduit à la création du terme "witchness" ("sorciéritude") pour décrire les caractéristiques et qualités des sorcières. Cette étude cherche à identifier le rapport entre l'écriture de la "witchness" et le "biais" de chaque roman. Ce mot fait référence aux discours qui agissent dans le roman, par l'intermédiaire du point de vue du narrateur aussi bien que par le biais des discours idéologiques, sociaux, culturels et historiques inscrits dans le texte et déterminés par le contexte dans lequel les romans ont été écrits. La première partie de la thèse consiste de l'identification d'un intertexte historique de chaque roman, et puis de l'analyse du cadre dans lequel l'intertexte a été inséré. Dans la section deux, nous étudions comment la "witchness" est représentée dans les romans, et comment celle-ci défie les étiquettes de l'autre et de la différence. Dans la troisième partie, nous examinons comment ces représentations différentes de la "witchness" influencent les discours sur l'identité et sur l'individualité des personnages féminins principaux. En bref, cette thèse consiste à identifier les contre-discours dans les trois romans sélectionnés, à faire une étude des représentations diverses de la "witchness", et à analyser les moyens par lesquels l'identité est créée par l'intermédiaire des stratégies contrediscursives associées aux différentes façons d'écrire l'héritage féminin à travers la "witchness". Nous visons, donc. à comprendre le but des stratégies contre-discursives associées à l'écriture de la "witchness" dans ces trois romans.
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Biancoli, Giacomo. "Additive manufacturing: ricerca sui principali fattori che influenzano il comportamento a fatica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textAbstract:
Gli obiettivi di questo elaborato sono fondamentalmente caratterizzare dei provini (realizzati in Maraging steel e Stainless steel attraverso DMLS) a fatica oligociclica, distinguerne il comportamento in base all'orientamento di costruzione ed analizzare tutti i fattori che possono influenzare la vita di un provino. Esaminando questa caratterizzazione, è possibile avvicinarci all'idea di impiegare direttamente nel processo produttivo pezzi realizzati e montati direttamente in produzione.
Dopo una breve introduzione sull'additive manufacturing e sul suo sviluppo nel corso degli anni con le varie tecnologie di stampa (analizzandone i relativi vantaggi e svantaggi), vengono accennati i costi della tecnologia di cui ci occuperemo. Dopo una prima introduzione sui materiali impiegati, vengono introdotti i provini protagonisti dell'esperienza, la macchina utilizzata e lo svolgimento della prova. Segue un'illustrazione dei vari orientamenti di costruzione del provino e di come variano le proprietà meccaniche quando sottoposto a fatica. In seguito sono analizzate le tensioni residue sui provini (post sinterizzazione) ed i trattamenti eseguibili, presentando la loro influenza sulle proprietà meccaniche. Infine è analizzata la meccanica della frattura, in particolare la propagazione della cricca. Tradizionalmente, si è sempre analizzato il comportamento dei provini secondo i due orientamenti classici, orizzontale e verticale: in questo elaborato verrà presentato, per quanto reperibile dai documenti scientifici, anche il loro comportamento a 45°. Grazie a queste nuove caratterizzazioni, è sempre più possibile analizzare a pieno il comportamento delle proprietà meccaniche di ogni prodotto realizzato mediante questa tecnologia, facendo riferimento (nel caso di analisi di forme geometriche complesse) ai modelli più semplici già analizzati.