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Journal articles on the topic 'Slat'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Kukhmazov, Kukhmaz, and Vladimir Konovalov. "Substantiation of the parameters of the feeder chamber conveyor of the combine harvester header." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125804006.

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The aim of the research was to check the possibility of using and the justification of design and operating parameters of the proposed chain-and-slat conveyor of the feeder house for harvesting grain crops on the example of wheat. The research methodology included the determination of grain losses and crushing behind the combine thresher when varying the slat pitch of the chain-and-slat transporter (153.6; 307.2 and 460.8 mm), the speed of moving these slats (2.0...5.0 m/s) and the speed of the combine (1.2...2.4 m/s). The researches made on chain-and-slat conveyor of the combine harvester’s feeder house have shown that it can be used in the harvester’s design. The rational values of design and mode parameters of chain-and-slat conveyor of the combine harvester’s feeder house have been justified by laboratory and field studies. At a pitch of stamped slats of the chain-and-slat conveyor of 307.2 mm, a speed of chain-and-slat conveyor slats of 2.8...3.6 m/s and a working speed of the combine of 2.2 m/s, grain losses behind the threshing machine and grain crushing amount to less than one percent that meets the agricultural requirements.

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2

Hashimoto, Marie, Jun-ichi Nagao, Shojiro Ikezaki, Sonoko Tasaki, Ken-ichi Arita-Morioka, Yuka Narita, Tamaki Cho, Kenji Yuasa, Amnon Altman, and Yoshihiko Tanaka. "Identification of a Novel Alternatively Spliced Form of Inflammatory Regulator SWAP-70-Like Adapter of T Cells." International Journal of Inflammation 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1324735.

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Activation of naive CD4+ T cells results in the development of several distinct subsets of effector Th cells, including Th2 cells that play a pivotal role in allergic inflammation and helminthic infections. SWAP-70-like adapter of T cells (SLAT), also known as Def6 or IBP, is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for small GTPases, which regulates CD4+ T cell inflammatory responses by controlling Ca2+/NFAT signaling. In this study, we have identified a novel alternatively spliced isoform of SLAT, named SLAT2, which lacks the region encoded by exons 2–7 of the Def6 gene. SLAT2 was selectively expressed in differentiated Th2 cells after the second round of in vitro stimulation, but not in differentiated Th1, Th17, or regulatory T (Treg) cells. Functional assays revealed that SLAT2 shared with SLAT the ability to enhance T cell receptor- (TCR-) mediated activation of NFAT and production of IL-4 but was unable to enhance TCR-induced adhesion to ICAM-1. Ectopic expression of SLAT2 or SLAT in Jurkat T cells resulted in the expression of distinct forms of filopodia, namely, short versus long ones, respectively. These results demonstrate that modulating either SLAT2 or SLAT protein expression could play critical roles in cytokine production and actin reorganization during inflammatory immune responses.

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3

Devillers, Nicolas, Emmanuel Janvier, Farhoud Delijani, Steve Méthot, Kristopher J. Dick, Qiang Zhang, and Laurie Connor. "Effect of Slat and Gap Width of Slatted Concrete Flooring on Sow Gait Using Kinematics Analysis." Animals 9, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9050206.

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The housing of gestating sows in groups requires sound information about the adapted design of the pen floor. Slatted concrete floors are commonly used for effective drainage of manure but can cause feet injuries and lameness. In the present study, kinematics were used to characterize the gait of 12 gilts and 12 lame sows walking in a corridor on slatted concrete floors with different combinations of slat (85, 105 or 125 mm) and gap (19, 22 or 25 mm) widths. The nine experimental floors were tested with slats in the perpendicular and parallel orientation to the direction of animal walk, according to a duplicated lattice design. Gait parameters were quantified using spatial, temporal and angular kinematics for front and rear limbs. Some parameters were significantly affected by the treatments (p < 0.05), but the effects differed between gilts and lame sows and between slat orientations. Gap width had a significant effect on parameters such as back angle, stride length, foot height, and carpal and tarsal joint angle amplitudes. Slat width significantly affected parameters such as foot height, and carpal and tarsal joint angle amplitudes. Comparisons of the different combinations of slat and gap widths revealed that slats with a width of 105–125 mm and gap width of 19–22 mm had the least effect on the gait characteristics of the gilts and sows.

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4

Wang, Hongjian, Junyuan Tian, and Wang Luo. "Three-Dimensional Simulation Analysis of the Influence of Slat Structural Parameters on Slat Aerodynamic Noise." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 6 (December 2019): 1129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193761129.

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Slat aerodynamic noise is one of important components of the frame noise. Adjusting the parameters of the slat structure can suppress the slat noise radiation effectively. Based on the typical multi-element airfoil 30P30N, firstly, by means of adjusting the parameters of slat structure, such as changing relative positions between slat and main airfoil and closing slat gap etc., a new slat profile is obtained; Then, based on the DDES simulation method, the characteristics of vortex distribution is analyzed for the new airfoil structure model, and the directivity and SPL of the far field noise are also investigated; Finally, through comparison analysis of the parameters, the physics of the generation of slat aerodynamic noise is discovered, and effects of slat parameters on the features of slat aerodynamic noise are also obtained. The results of the study show that the vortex strength of the flow around the slat has close relation to the source of slat noise. By means of adjusting slat position parameters and morphing of the slat's trailing edge, the vortex strength of the flow close to the slat cusp is reduced effectively, and further largely reducing the slat noise radiation, which can be achieved with preserving high lift coefficient of the airfoil.

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5

Ge, Chang Jiang, and Mei Chen Ge. "High-Lift Mechanism of a Bionic Slat." Applied Mechanics and Materials 461 (November 2013): 220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.461.220.

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To avoid broadband noise from a slat cove, the deployed slat contour is usually modified by filling cove, but the design is sensitive to aerodynamic performance. In the paper, a bionic slat without a cove is built on the basis of a bionic airfoil (i.e. stowed bionic multi-element airfoil), which is extracted from a long-eared owl wing. The quasi-two-dimensional models with a deployed bionic slat and a stowed bionic slat are manufactured by rapid manufacturing and prototyping system, respectively, and measured in a low-turbulence wind tunnel. The results are used to characterize high-lift effect: the lift coefficients of the model with a stowed slat are larger at less than 4°angle of attack, but the model with a deployed slat has the larger lift coefficients at greater than 4°angle of attack. Furthermore, the deployed bionic slat can increase stall angle and maximum lift coefficient, but also delay the decline of the lift coefficient curve slope meaning that the leading-edge separation is postponed within a certain range of angle of attack. At the same time, the flow field around the models is visualized by smoke wire method. The leading-edge separation of the model with a stowed slat is shown at low Reynolds number and angle of attack. However, the finding does not occur in the flow field of the model with a deployed slat at the same conditions, probably because the gap between the bionic slat and the main wing results in favorable pressure gradient, the deployed bionic slat decreases the peak of adverse pressure gradient by increasing the chord of the bionic multi-element model, and the bionic slat wake excites transition to the boundary layer on upper surface of the main wing. This superiority may be used as reference in the design of the leading-edge slat without a cove.

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6

Kamliya Jawahar, Hasan, Syamir Alihan Showkat Ali, and Mahdi Azarpeyvand. "Aeroacoustic analysis of slat tones." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 5650–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-3202.

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Experimental measurements were carried out to assess the aeroacoustic characteristics of a 30P30N high-lift device, with particular attention to slat tonal noise. Three different types of slat modifications, namely slat cove filler, serrated slat cusp, and slat finlets have been experimentally examined. The results are presented for an angle of attack of α = 18 at a free-stream velocity of U = 30 m/s, which corresponds to a chord-based Reynolds number of Re = 7 x 10. The unsteady surface pressure near the slat region and far-field noise were made simultaneously to gain a deeper understanding of the slat noise generation mechanisms. The nature of the low-frequency broadband hump and the slat tones were investigated using higher-order statistical approaches for the baseline 30P30N and modified slat configurations. Continuous wavelet transform of the unsteady surface pressure fluctuations along with secondary wavelet transform of the broadband hump and tones were carried out to analyze the intermittent events induced by the tone generating resonant mechanisms. Stochastic analysis of the wavelet coefficient modulus of the surface pressure fluctuations was also carried out to demonstrate the inherent differences of different tonal frequencies. An understanding into the nature of the noise generated from the slat will help design the new generation of quite high-lift devices.

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7

Caimbeul, Maoilios, and Maoilios Cambeul. "Slat den stoc." Comhar 45, no. 6 (1986): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20556007.

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8

Mendoza, J. M., T. F. Brooks, and W. M. Humphreys. "An Aeroacoustic Study of a Leading EDGE Slat Configuration." International Journal of Aeroacoustics 1, no. 3 (September 2002): 241–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/147547202320962583.

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Aeroacoustic evaluations of high-lift devices have been carried out in the Quiet Flow Facility of the NASA Langley Research Center. The present paper describes detailed flow and acoustic measurements that have been made in order to better understand the noise generated from airflow over a wing leading edge slat configuration, and to possibly predict and reduce this noise source. The acoustic database is obtained by a moveable Small Aperture Directional Array of microphones designed to electronically steer to different portions of models under study. The slat is shown to be a uniform distributed noise source. The data was processed such that spectra and directivity were determined with respect to a one-foot span of slat. The spectra are normalized in various fashions to demonstrate slat noise character. In order to equate portions of the spectra to different slat noise components, trailing edge noise predictions using measured slat boundary layer parameters as inputs are compared to the measured slat noise spectra.

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9

Liu, Pei Qing, Yan Xiang Cui, Liang Wang, and Qiu Lin Qu. "Computational Investigation of the Slat Blowing Control for High-Lift Airfoil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 138-139 (November 2011): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.138-139.223.

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Based on the characteristics of blowing control, a new technique was put forward to weaken slat cove separation and reduce noise. The effect of the slat blowing control on lift performance, the flow field and noise with a three-element high lift aerofoil was investigated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code of Fluent and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The blowing apertures were set on the lower surface of the slat. By using the slat blowing technique, the slat cove separation can be controlled efficiently and the lift coefficient increased. The aerodynamic performance varies with different blowing flow rates and angles of attack.

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10

Sander, J. E., J. L. Wilson, I. H. Cheng, and P. S. Gibbs. "Influence of Slat Material on Hatching Egg Sanitation and Slat Disinfection." Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12, no. 1 (March 2003): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/japr/12.1.74.

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11

Krstić, Dragana, Miomir Vasov, Veliborka Bogdanović, Marko Ignjatović, and Dušan Ranđelović. "Effect of external solar shading usage on energy consumption and thermal comfort in the student dormitory in Niš." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 03050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911103050.

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External fixed shadings are largely used to provide solar protection for building glazed surfaces. They are reducing heat gains and sensational visual discomfort caused by excessive daylighting. This paper presents a comparative study on external aluminium fixed shadings used on a student dormitory on different orientations and different slat angles. The purpose is to determine which slat angles are best to use in different orientations, from the point of view of energy consumption, thermal comfort, and daylighting. An analysis of annual energy consumption of the student dormitory was performed by using the software EnergyPlus, whereas the model of the building was created using SketchUp and OpenStudio software. Then, a parametric study was carried out by changing slat angles and building orientations, in order to find the best-balanced results with no occupant discomfort and possible energy savings. Results have shown that by considering the most balanced results between energy savings and thermal comfort, the best angles of the slats are from 105˚ to 120˚ on the south side, and from 45˚ to 75˚ on the east and west sides. By installing external shading devices, indoor thermal conditions are improving and may lead to significant energy savings, compared to a building without shading devices.

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12

Wang, Jia Xu, Yan Feng Han, Guang Wu Zhou, Ke Xiao, Yi Qin, and Song Wu. "Numerical Analysis of Concave-Slab Type Water Lubricated Rubber Alloy Bearings’ Lubrication." Applied Mechanics and Materials 86 (August 2011): 805–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.86.805.

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By using ADINA’s fluid-structure interactions solver, 2-D numerical simulation for the lubrication performance of Concave-slab type water lubricated rubber alloy bearing was carried out under low rotating speed conditions. Then the pressure distribution, line load of the water lubricating film and the elastic deformation of slat-rubber lining were all obtained through the simulation.

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13

Goldberg, Robert Alan, and Norman Shorr. ""Vertical Slat" Chalazion Excision." Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers and Imaging Retina 23, no. 2 (February 1992): 120–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/1542-8877-19920201-13.

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14

Souza, Daniel S., Daniel Rodríguez, Fernando H. T. Himeno, and Marcello A. F. Medeiros. "Dynamics of the large-scale structures and associated noise emission in airfoil slats." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 875 (July 26, 2019): 1004–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.496.

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We investigate the slat narrowband peak noise generating mechanism. Unsteady flow data were generated by a lattice-Boltzmann-based commercial code for four configurations, accounting for variations of the airfoil angle of attack and slat overlap. Comparison with experimental results indicates that the aspects of the flow field relevant for the generation of the narrowband peaks were accurately captured. Frequency-domain proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is applied to identify dominant large-scale structures in the frequency range dominated by the peaks. The combined use of the two POD metrics, namely, the turbulent kinetic energy in the turbulent flow region and the acoustic pressure in the far field, demonstrated that the structures most correlated with the noise resemble spanwise coherent Kelvin–Helmholtz vortices which dominate the slat cove only at the frequency of the narrowband peaks. Time evolution of the structures educed using the acoustic pressure correlation provides detailed evidence of the hydrodynamic and acoustic steps of a Rossiter-like feedback mechanism between the slat cusp and trailing edge. The combined analysis of results for the different slat configurations provides an explanation for the effect of the slat configuration on the amplitude of the narrowband peaks observed in previous studies, particularly the influence of the main-element suction peak.

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15

Boussy, Ian A., and Margaret G. Kidwell. "The P-M Hybrid Dysgenesis Cline in Eastern Australian Drosophila melanogaster: Discrete P, Q and M Regions Are Nearly Contiguous." Genetics 115, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/115.4.737.

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ABSTRACT The dramatic latitudinal cline in P-M hybrid dysgenesis characteristics along the east coast of Australia is not smooth. Tests of recent collections of Drosophila melanogaster from the southeastern coast define the previously described cline as comprising three discrete, apparently contiguous regions of P, Q and M phenotypes, respectively. Northern populations from Cairns (16.9°SLat) to Ourimbah (33.4°SLat) are phenotypically P; populations from Wollongong (34.4°SLat) to Eden (37.1°SLat) are Q; and populations from Genoa (37.5°SLat) to Cygnet (43.2°SLat) are M. The decline in P activity from northern Queensland (55-60% gonadal dysgenesis (GD) in cross A) to mid-New South Wales (20-30% GD in cross A) is gradual; proceeding south, there then is a sharp drop to Q populations (<10% GD in crosses A and A*). This drop in P activity occurs in only 150 km, across the urban and suburban area of Sydney. Q populations are then found south to Eden, but Genoa, only about 50 km further southeast, is clearly M (48% GD in cross A*), as are two populations further south. The two discontinuities in the P-M cline do not correspond to obvious climatic differences along the coast, nor to obvious barriers to dispersal of D. melanogaster. The cline has apparently not moved between 1983 and 1985-1986.

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16

Deck, Sébastien, and Romain Laraufie. "Numerical investigation of the flow dynamics past a three-element aerofoil." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 732 (September 6, 2013): 401–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.363.

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AbstractA numerical investigation of the flow dynamics around a two-dimensional high-lift configuration was carried out by means of a zonal detached eddy simulation (ZDES) technique for flow conditions corresponding to aircraft approach. Both slat and flap regions have been scrutinized and compared with experimental data available in the literature. It is shown that slat and flap coves behave like shallow cavities. The distance between the upstream cusp and the downstream edge is the relevant length scale for each cove taken separately. Consistently with previous findings, this study indicates that the maximum of the broadband spectrum of slat (respectively flap) pressure fluctuations occurs for Strouhal numbers $0. 5\leq \mathit{St}\leq 4$ when based on slat chord (respectively on flap chord) and free-stream velocity. It is shown that mode $(n)$ of the slat cove and mode $(n+ 1)$ of the flap cove are very close making a coherent phase relationship possible. A large-scale coupled self-sustained oscillations mechanism between slat and flap cavities, evidenced by spectral analysis, occurs at a Strouhal number $\mathit{St}= 3{\unicode{x2013}} 6$ based on the main wing chord and free-stream velocity. This yields to an acoustic feedback mechanism characterized by a normalized frequency depending on the free stream Mach number like $\mathit{St}= (1- { M}_{0}^{2} )/ 2{M}_{0} $. The present result appears to line up with the findings by Hein et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 582, 2007, pp. 179–202) who showed that two types of resonance could exist: surface waves ones, scaling with the total aerofoil length and longitudinal cavity-type resonances, scaling with the slat cove length.

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17

Liu, Pei Qing, Shuo Yang, and Yun Tian. "An Investigation of Drag Reduction on Gurney Flaps by an Three-Element Airfoil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 138-139 (November 2011): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.138-139.229.

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During airplane’s take-off, higher lift force should be provided by wing used high lift devices, and the drag should be lower. The design basis of high lift devices with good aerodynamic characteristic is the design of the multi-element airfoil. When a multi-element airfoil is used Gurney flap, lift coefficient can be improved while drag coefficient is also increased, but the lift-to-drag ratio is reduced. In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the aerodynamic characteristic of the multi-element airfoil used Gurney flap with slat in the configuration of take-off. Lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the multi-element airfoil with Gurney flap can be reduced by slat while lift-to-drag ratio of airfoil is increased. Through the comparisons of the multi-element airfoils with Gurney flap with different types of slats, the optimized multi-element airfoil with higher lift coefficient and lower drag coefficient is obtained ultimately.

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18

Kau, Daekwang, and Scott D. Metzler. "Finding Optimized Conditions of Slit-Slat and Multislit-Slat Collimation for Breast Imaging." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 59, no. 1 (February 2012): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2011.2177912.

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19

Park, Jaechan, and In-Suk Hamm. "Cortical osteotomy technique for mobilizing the temporal muscle in pterional craniotomies." Journal of Neurosurgery 102, no. 1 (January 2005): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2005.102.1.0174.

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✓ Although many procedures have already been performed to mobilize and reconstruct the temporal muscle for pterional craniotomies, the authors described a novel cortical osteotomy technique for creating and mobilizing a cortical bone slat along the superior temporal line with the temporal muscle attached to it. Screw fixation of the cortical bone slat then provides secured temporal muscle reconstruction. As such, this new technique minimized damage to the temporal muscle and prevented the formation of an anterior temporal hollow. In addition, key hole and parietal burr hole defects were covered by the cortical bone slat.

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20

Wang, Hongjian, and Qiao Zhang. "Study on characteristics of flow structure and generation of narrow-band in low-frequency noise for a slat." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 39, no. 3 (June 2021): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20213930558.

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Low-frequency narrow-band noise is one of the important components in the slat noise. Based on the transient flow field analysis for multi-element airfoil 30P-30N, the main mode characteristics of the slat pressure fluctuation are analyzed by means of proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic model decomposition (DMD), and the key feature modes and the distribution of narrow-band frequencies for the slat are obtained. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and cross-correlation analysis are used to reconstruct the signal by preserving the low frequency characteristics of the original transient pressure signal. The locations of noise sources of the low-frequency narrow-band are determined according to the delay time and geometric relationship for characteristic points. The results show that the low-frequency narrow-band sound sources are mainly concentrated on regions of feature modes with large pressure fluctuations, such as slat trailing edge, downstream of the shear layer and the recirculation zone. Meanwhile, there are still some sound sources of low-frequency narrow-band distributed in regions of non-featured modes. The key characteristics of these regions are the interaction of flow structure between the trailing edge of the slat and the leading edge of the main wing due to collision of the shear layer.

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21

Guo, Yueping. "Slat noise modeling and prediction." Journal of Sound and Vibration 331, no. 15 (July 2012): 3567–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.03.016.

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22

Kamliya Jawahar, Hasan, Syamir Alihan Showkat Ali, and Mahdi Azarpeyvand. "Aeroacoustic characteristics of slat finlets." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 9 (September 2021): 097102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0061367.

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23

Patterson, Ryan, William Scholten, Thomas Strganac, Travis Turner, and Darren Hartl. "Experimental validation of a shape-memory alloy slat-cove filler: Structural response and computational model development." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 17 (July 21, 2020): 1986–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20942321.

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Current and expected Federal Aviation Administration regulations are pressuring the aerospace industry to develop new technologies that reduce aeroacoustic emissions, which may affect the health and well-being of community members. With recent technological advancements reducing noise emissions from aircraft engines, airframe noise sources now represent a large component of the total emitted noise during approach and landing. This research investigates a shape-memory alloy slat-cove filler concept, which is a promising noise reduction technology for the leading-edge-slat high-lift system. Aerodynamic and structural experiments are conducted with the purpose of characterizing response under relevant flow conditions. A model-scale wing section prototype was treated with a slat-cove filler and used to compare aerodynamic effects of the shape-memory alloy treatment at multiple settings. It is shown that the addition of the slat-cove filler does not detrimentally impact the aerodynamic response of the wing prototype and actually resulted in a higher lift-to-drag ratio. Aerostructural experiments were conducted incorporating Digital Image Correlation measurements and displacement measurements from a custom-designed system based on a laser displacement sensor. These experiments determined the structural response of the shape-memory alloy slat-cove filler during a typical retraction/deployment cycle under relevant wind tunnel test conditions and compared to results from a finite element analysis model.

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24

HEIN, STEFAN, THORSTEN HOHAGE, WERNER KOCH, and JOACHIM SCHÖBERL. "Acoustic resonances in a high-lift configuration." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 582 (June 14, 2007): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007005770.

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Low- and high-frequency acoustic resonances are computed numerically via a high-order finite-element code for a generic two-dimensional high-lift configuration with a leading-edge slat. Zero mean flow is assumed, approximating the low-Mach-number situation at aircraft landing and approach. To avoid unphysical reflections at the boundaries of the truncated computational domain, perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary conditions are implemented in the form of the complex scaling method of atomic and molecular physics. It is shown that two types of resonance exist: resonances of surface waves which scale with the total airfoil length and longitudinal cavity-type resonances which scale with the slat cove length. Minima exist in the temporal decay rate which can be associated with the slat cove resonances and depend on the slat cove geometry. All resonances are damped owing to radiation losses. However, if coherent noise sources exist, as observed in low-Reynolds-number experiments, these sources can be enhanced acoustically by the above resonances if the source frequency is close to a resonant frequency.

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25

Guo, Yueping, Leon Brusniak, Michael Czech, and Russell H. Thomas. "Hybrid Wing–Body Aircraft Slat Noise." AIAA Journal 51, no. 12 (December 2013): 2935–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j052540.

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26

Madrenas, Joaquı́n. "A SLAT in the Th2 Signalosome." Immunity 18, no. 4 (April 2003): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00089-x.

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27

Huang, Hua, Weipeng Li, and Fuxin Wang. "Slat Noise Suppression with Mass Injection." Journal of Aircraft 52, no. 1 (January 2015): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.c032364.

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28

Watkins, Dianne. "In Search of a Slat-Back." Appalachian Heritage 18, no. 1 (1990): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.1990.0037.

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29

AL-Bkree, Mahmod. "Slat armor to protect critical infrastructure." Haditechnika 54, no. 3 (2020): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23713/ht.54.3.03.

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30

König, D., S. R. Koh, M. Meinke, and W. Schröder. "Two-step simulation of slat noise." Computers & Fluids 39, no. 3 (March 2010): 512–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2009.10.004.

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31

Villegas, L., R. Morán, and J. J. García. "Combined culm-slat Guadua bamboo trusses." Engineering Structures 184 (April 2019): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.114.

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32

Kamliya Jawahar, Hasan, Raf Theunissen, Mahdi Azarpeyvand, and Carlos R. Ilário da Silva. "Flow characteristics of slat cove fillers." Aerospace Science and Technology 100 (May 2020): 105789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2020.105789.

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33

Laken, B. A., D. R. Kniveton, and M. R. Frogley. "Cosmic rays linked to rapid mid-latitude cloud changes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2010): 18235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-18235-2010.

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Abstract. The effect of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) flux on Earth's climate is highly uncertain. Using a novel sampling approach based around observing periods of significant cloud changes, a statistically robust relationship is identified between the rate of GCR flux and the most rapid mid-latitude (60°–30° N/S) cloud decreases operating over daily timescales; this signal is verified in surface level air temperature (SLAT) reanalysis data. A General Circulation Model experiment is used to test the causal relationship of the observed cloud changes to the detected SLAT anomalies. Results indicate that the cloud anomalies were responsible for producing the observed SLAT changes, implying a link between significant decreases in the rate of GCR flux (~0.79%/day (relative to the peak-to-peak amplitude of 11-yr solar cycle)), decreases in cloud cover (~1.9%/day) and increases in SLAT (~0.05 K/day). The influence of GCRs is clearly distinguishable from changes in solar irradiance and the interplanetary magnetic field. These results provide the most compelling evidence presented thus far of a GCR-climate relationship. From this analysis we conclude: (i) a GCR-climate relationship is governed by both the rate of GCR flux and internal precursor conditions; and (ii) it is likely that this natural forcing has not contributed significantly to recent anthropogenic temperature rises.

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34

Xiao Deng, Tianyu Ma, R. Lecomte, and Rutao Yao. "Optimization and Calibration of Slat Position for a SPECT With Slit-Slat Collimator and Pixelated Detector Crystals." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 58, no. 5 (October 2011): 2234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2011.2163418.

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35

Metzler, Scott D., Roberto Accorsi, Ahmet S. Ayan, and Ronald J. Jaszczak. "Slit-Slat and Multi-Slit-Slat Collimator Design and Experimentally Acquired Phantom Images From a Rotating Prototype." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 57, no. 1 (February 2010): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.2009.2033989.

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36

Yang, Jing, Xiao Hui Wang, and Cheng Yu Ju. "Discussion and Analysis on the Fungus, Humidity and Salt Fog Environmental Test." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.469.

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The products which work in the field, aviation, marine and other harsh environmental conditions are easily to failure caused by humidity, slat fog and fungus, so the three anti-protection technology is particularly important. In this paper, we will analyze and talk about some key issues in the three anti-(humidity, slat fog and fungus) environmental test, such as the fungus testing cycle, the selection of fungus, the testing methods of the salt fog and humid , the evaluation of test results and so on. Give recommendations for improvement at last.

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37

Borges, Tâmara Duarte, Mariana Huerta-Jimenez, Nicolau Casal, Joel Gonzalez, Nuria Panella-Riera, and Antoni Dalmau. "To Provide a Double Feeder in Growing Pigs Housed under High Environmental Temperatures Reduces Social Interactions but Does Not Improve Weight Gains." Animals 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 2248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122248.

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Heat stress and competition for food are two major challenges in pigs reared in intensive conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of providing a double feeder for pigs reared under two different environmental temperatures. In addition, two types of flooring, of 100% slat and 30% slat 70% concrete, were also considered. A total of 256 pigs in the growing-finishing period (from 27 kg to 110 kg) were housed using two environmental temperatures: control (from 18 °C to 25 °C) and heat stress (above 30 °C six hours a day). They were housed in 32 pens of 8 pigs each, distributed into 4 rooms (16 with one feeder and 16 with two). Pigs subjected to temperatures above 30 °C up to six hours had lower body weight gains than pigs subjected to a maximum temperature of 25 °C, confirming that thermal stress negatively affects performance in pigs. In addition, heat stress affected the final product by decreasing the lean percentage of carcasses by 2.6%. A double feeder reduced the presence of negative social behavior, especially in the feeding area, but body weight was lower than when one single feeder was used. A 30% slat 70% concrete floor showed better results in the pig stress indicators and body weights than 100% slat. It is concluded that providing a double feeder in the pens, although reducing the presence of negative social interactions, negatively affected body weight, in comparison to pigs fed with just one feeder.

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38

Amaral, Filipe Ramos do, Fernando Henrique Tadashi Himeno, Daniel Sampaio Souza, Carlos do Carmo Pagani Junior, and Marcello Augusto Faraco de Medeiros. "Effect of Bubble Seal on Slat Noise." AIAA Journal 57, no. 4 (April 2019): 1608–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j057381.

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39

Mahmood, S. T., and B. F. Hutton. "53 A prototype synthetic slit-slat collimator." Nuclear Medicine Communications 28, no. 3 (March 2007): A16—A17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200703000-00068.

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40

Lodge, M. A., S. Webb, M. A. Flower, and D. M. Binnie. "Slat collimation for single photon emission tomography." Nuclear Medicine Communications 16, no. 4 (April 1995): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199504000-00085.

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41

D�Amato, Salvatore. "Mandibular bone regeneration after bone slat technique." Annali di Stomatologia 8, no. 1 (2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11138/ads/2017.8.1.039.

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42

Huang, Hua, Wei-peng Li, and Fu-xin Wang. "Slat noise suppression using upstream mass injection." Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 18, no. 5 (August 16, 2013): 620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12204-013-1432-z.

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43

Youn, Bang Ung, Kabsun Kim, Jung Ha Kim, Jongwon Lee, Jang Bae Moon, Inyoung Kim, Yong-Wook Park, and Nacksung Kim. "SLAT negatively regulates RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation." Molecules and Cells 36, no. 3 (August 29, 2013): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10059-013-0159-x.

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44

Kamliya Jawahar, Hasan, Stefano Meloni, Roberto Camussi, and Mahdi Azarpeyvand. "Intermittent and stochastic characteristics of slat tones." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 025120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0033827.

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45

Laken, B. A., D. R. Kniveton, and M. R. Frogley. "Cosmic rays linked to rapid mid-latitude cloud changes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 22 (November 24, 2010): 10941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10941-2010.

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Abstract. The effect of the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) flux on Earth's climate is highly uncertain. Using a novel sampling approach based around observing periods of significant cloud changes, a statistically robust relationship is identified between short-term GCR flux changes and the most rapid mid-latitude (60°–30° N/S) cloud decreases operating over daily timescales; this signal is verified in surface level air temperature (SLAT) reanalysis data. A General Circulation Model (GCM) experiment is used to test the causal relationship of the observed cloud changes to the detected SLAT anomalies. Results indicate that the anomalous cloud changes were responsible for producing the observed SLAT changes, implying that if there is a causal relationship between significant decreases in the rate of GCR flux (~0.79 GU, where GU denotes a change of 1% of the 11-year solar cycle amplitude in four days) and decreases in cloud cover (~1.9 CU, where CU denotes a change of 1% cloud cover in four days), an increase in SLAT (~0.05 KU, where KU denotes a temperature change of 1 K in four days) can be expected. The influence of GCRs is clearly distinguishable from changes in solar irradiance and the interplanetary magnetic field. However, the results of the GCM experiment are found to be somewhat limited by the ability of the model to successfully reproduce observed cloud cover. These results provide perhaps the most compelling evidence presented thus far of a GCR-climate relationship. From this analysis we conclude that a GCR-climate relationship is governed by both short-term GCR changes and internal atmospheric precursor conditions.

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Maddah, S. R., and H. H. Bruun. "An Investigation of Flow Fields Over Multi-Element Aerofoils." Journal of Fluids Engineering 124, no. 1 (August 27, 2001): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1431267.

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This paper presents results obtained from a combined experimental and computational study of the flow field over a multi-element aerofoil with and without an advanced slat. Detailed measurements of the mean flow and turbulent quantities over a multi-element aerofoil model in a wind tunnel have been carried out using stationary and flying hot-wire (FHW) probes. The model configuration which spans the test section 600mm×600mm, is made of three parts: 1) an advanced (heel-less) slat, 2) a NACA 4412 main aerofoil and 3) a NACA 4415 flap. The chord lengths of the elements were 38, 250 and 83 mm, respectively. The results were obtained at a chord Reynolds number of 3×105 and a free Mach number of less than 0.1. The variations in the flow field are explained with reference to three distinct flow field regimes: attached flow, intermittent separated flow, and separated flow. Initial comparative results are presented for the single main aerofoil and the main aerofoil with a nondeflected flap at angles of attacks of 5, 10, and 15 deg. This is followed by the results for the three-element aerofoil with emphasis on the slat performance at angles of attack α=10, 15, 20, and 25 deg. Results are discussed both for a nondeflected flap δf=0deg and a deflected flap δf=25deg. The measurements presented are combined with other related aerofoil measurements to explain the main interaction of the slat/main aerofoil and main aerofoil/flap both for nondeflected and deflected flap conditions. These results are linked to numerically calculated variations in lift and drag coefficients with angle of attack and flap deflection angle.

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Sarkorov, Dmitri, Avraham Seifert, Igor Detinis, Shlomo Bauminger, and Moshe Steinbuch. "Active Flow Control and Part-Span Slat Interactions." AIAA Journal 54, no. 3 (March 2016): 1095–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j054171.

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Singer, Bart A., David P. Lockard, and Kenneth S. Brentner. "Computational Aeroacoustic Analysis of Slat Trailing-Edge Flow." AIAA Journal 38, no. 9 (September 2000): 1558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/2.1177.

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Kamali-Asl, A., S. Sarkar, M. Shahriari, and H. Agha-Hosseini. "Slit slat collimator optimization with respect to MTF." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 62, no. 3 (March 2005): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.07.009.

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Souza, Daniel, Carlos Pagani, Daniel Rodríguez, and Marcello Medeiros. "Hydrodynamic Instability in the Generation of Slat Noise." Procedia IUTAM 14 (2015): 344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.piutam.2015.03.058.

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