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1
Al-Khatib, Ghazi Mousa. "Isolation & Identification of Salmonella spp. which contaminated Poultry slaughter houses." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 29, no. 1 (June 30, 2005): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v29i1.868.
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This study was aimed to investigate the extent of pollution in Poultry slaughterhouse with Salmonella spp and their effect on public health .(142) samplescollected from (8) poultry slaughter houses in Baghdad were examined . thesesamples included( live chicken cages ,live chicken transporting cars,slaughtering knives ,workers hands, transport belt , chiller , chick beforepackaging stage) .All samples were cultured on special media until the growthappeared then Biochemical tests were done for diagnosis of Salmonella spp.The results of this study shown the diagnosis of (14) isolates of Salmonella spp,all of them were motile except (3) isolates, These isolates were recovered fromthe following sites:1. (2) isolates from live chicken transporting cars.2. (1) isolate from live chicken cages.3. (3) isolates from workers hands.4. (1) isolate from transport belt.5. (1) isolate from slaughtering knives.6. (3) isolates from chiller.7. (2) isolates from stunning.8. (2) isolates from chickens beforepackaging.
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Kober, AKMH, MS Bari, MR Rakib, and MS Ali. "Injuries of cattle and buffaloes during transportation and slaughter at Chittagong city corporation of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 43, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19389.
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The study was conducted to ascertain the injuries of cattle and buffaloes at selected livestock markets of Bangladesh during transportation and slaughter. A total of 290 (212 cattle and 78 water buffalo) at Sagorica cattle market and 57 (24 cattle and 33 buffalo) at Fringibazar and Pahartali slaughter houses of Chittagong were examined during the period from January to April 2013. The frequency of different injuries during handling, transportation and slaughtering were assessed. The data of different type of injuries (e.g. abrasion, laceration, bleeding, swelling, scarification and wound) were collected from the market and slaughter houses by using visual observation and palpation method. The frequency of abrasion, laceration, bleeding, swelling and scarification of cattle were 73, 45, 4, 3, 67 and 87%, and of buffaloes were 71, 9, 23 nd 41%, respectively. All the injuries were higher in Haryana than Rajasthani, Shahiwal and Exotic non descriptive cattle breeds. The tail injury in cattle and buffaloes was 65 and 23%, respectively. In the slaughter house, the frequency of abrasion, laceration, penetration and scarification were 79, 75, 8, 75 in cattle, and 85, 70, 0 and 67% in buffaloes, respectively. From these findings it could be concluded that proper handling and care should be taken to avoid different injuries of cattle and buffaloes during transportation and slaughter.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19389 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 74-77
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AL-Shemmari, Ihab G. M. "Molecular identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction of Pasteurella multocida in cattle and buffaloes in Baghdad." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 38, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v38i1.261.
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The aim of this study was to identify pasteurella multocida and their types by PCR in cattle’s and buffaloesi bagdad from March to August 2012 on 204 animals , including 102 cattle and 102 buffaloes at slaughter houses from Baghdad .Blood samples and nasal swaps were collected , before slaughtering and lung tissues of slaughtered animal , and from 54 clinically suspected cases of pasteurellosis , including 27 bovines ,and 27 buffaloes the samples taken included blood and nasal swabs . Pasteurellamultocida were isolated from 94 animals include 49 cattle 45 buffaloes. The typing of the isolates by multiplex PCR for genotyping Pasteuerllamultocida revealed 93 isolates of type B , 31 from cattle and 62 from buffaloes ,and 81 isolates of type A , 55 from cattle and 26 from buffaloes .
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Ojo, S. A. "OVARIAN STATUS OF NON-GRAVID SLAUGHTERED ZEBU COWS IN ZARIA: RELATIONSHIP WITH AGE, SEASON AND CARCASS WEIGHT." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 6 (January 19, 2021): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v6i.2665.
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OF 3,900 non-gravid zebu ovaries examined at 3 Zaria slaughter houses, 2,652 (68%) were active, Ovarian activity was highest during the rainy season and anestrus highest during the dry season (P < 0.01). Anestrus non-gravid cows and empty cows with active ovaries had the lowest (135+41 kg) and the highest (170 +43 kg) carcass weight respectively. Aged anestrus empty COWS had the lowest carcass weight (127+28 kg) and mature empty cows with active ovaries had the highest (180 +47 kg). The incidence of anestrus increased with age. The magnitude of slaughtering of young and mature empty cows with active ovaries was discussed and it was recommended that rectal examination be done before culling animals in order to reduce this major source of loss of reproductively active cows.
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Kalio, G. A., and A. Ali-Uchechukwu. "Assessment of abattoirs operations and hygiene practices in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 3 (December 23, 2020): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i3.858.
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A survey was conducted to appraise the location, infrastructures, and slaughter operational activities in three abattoirs at Rumuokoro, Trans-Amadi and Rumuosi in Obio-Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Thirty butchers of 10 per abattoir were purposively sampled for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages and mean statistics Results of the socio-demographic characteristics of the butchers revealed that they were all males, married, within the age of 35 - 44years, literate, with a butchering experience of 16 years upwards in private or public/Government owned abattoirs. The slaughter houses were located in areas devoid of bad odours, smoke, dust and close to coastal areas affected by tides to promote good sanitation. There were no adequately constructed lairages, Ante-mortem inspection and isolation pens were inadequate. There were no facilities and rooms for handling hides and skins, treatment of inedible and condemned carcass and meat. Animals were poorly restrained and not stunned before slaughtering. The slaughter houses had planned and controlled cleaning programs but lacked efficient disinfection operations and this will contribute to bacterial contamination of carcasses. The operational lapses by butchers were due to the use of obsolete facilities that lacked maintenance and inadequate supervision. This condition had brought about poor hygienic practices that undermine the quality of carcasses. The recommendations proffered are: the provision and maintenance facilities for effective operations to ensure carcass quality, to adequately enforce enacted laws on abattoir operations, there should be enlightenment for butchers and meat sellers, and there should be effective management of the wastes from slaughterhouses through regular fumigations and disposal systems.
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GENIGEORGIS, C., M. HASSUNEH, and P. COLLINS. "Campylobacter jejuni Infection on Poultry Farms and its Effect on Poultry Meat Contamination during Slaughtering." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.11.895.
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In 1984, we monitored 4 ranches with a total of 24 houses (15,000–20,000 birds/house) for 3 consecutive generations (January–August). On epidemiologic grounds, infection of birds did not originate at the hatcheries or the central water and feed. Considering all lots of birds, the infection rate increased from 2.3% by the 10th day to 9.5, 29.7, 47.9, 65.7, 78.6 and 81.8% by the 20th, 30th, 40th, 45th, 50th day and at slaughter times, respectively. Transmission from one generation of chickens to the next via the old litter is suspected, but not proven microbiologically. A 5-log reduction of Campylobacter jejuni was shown in experimentally inoculated litters stored at 17 and 30°C for 6 d and 8°C for 11 d. The houses remained empty for 9–29 d before being filled with new chicks. Carrier flocks contaminated the slaughterhouse equipment to such an extent that negative flocks processed afterwards resulted in contaminated meat. Lack of effective sanitation at the end of the day contributed to the contamination of meat from Campylobacter-free birds processed the next day. Feather picker drip water was positive 94% of the sampling times at levels of log10 3.4 (1.0–4.7). Scalding temperatures did not affect the level of contamination in the finished products (P>0.2). An ELISA based on heat-stable antigens was adapted for the detection of circulating antibodies. Of 56 broilers aged 50 to 68 d, only 2 (3.5%) 68 d old with log10 5.4 C. jejuni/g of feces were considered as positive. Birds considered negative harbored C jejuni in their ceca at levels of log10 2.0 to 5.4/g of feces. Five out of 6 (83%) 18 month-old hens were considered as positive. Yet, none of these birds were found carrying C. jejuni in their feathers or ceca.
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Priyanti, Atien, Ismeth Inounu, and Nyak Ilham. "Prevention of Productive Cows Slaughter through Management of Local State Enterprises." Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 27, no. 2 (January 8, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v27i2.1405.
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Based on the last national livestock census in 2013, the population number of cattle and buffalo have reduced by 15% compared to that in 2011. The highest reduction happened in Java that reached around 24-27%, while that in Bali and Nusa Tenggara was 25%. One of the reasons was caused by decreasing number of cows due to the increase of productive cows slaughtered every year. Number of cows slaughtered in Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and South Sulawesi had reached on average of 72% from total slaughtered, where more than 90% were productive cows. Reasons for slaughtering productive cows were due to: (1) Lower cows price; (2) Limited bulls supply; (3) Local government regulation on inter-island trade; (4) Weak and inconsistent law enforcement; and (5) Lack of understanding on criteria for productive cows by farmers. Increased rate of slaughtered cattle and increasing rate of inter-island trade volumes that higher than the rate of cattle population had caused the decrease of national cattle population. There are currently needs to improve and develop operation slaughter-houses under management of local state enterprise. The management applies on certain mechanisms that sort of incoming productive females according to different grades into allowable to be slaughtered and selected for breeding females, which could be further traded inter-island as supplier of cows for other regions. This strategy may help the central government to meet the demand for productive cows, particularly in Sumatera and Kalimantan which have abundance of feed biomass resources. Policy support is needed as instruments for all interested stakeholders including those who are willing to invest in cattle development such as oil-palm estates.
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Abdulla, Md Shefath, Md Saiful Islam, Md Enayet Kabir, Falguni Dadok, Md Abdullah Al Zaber, and Shikha Sarkar. "Utilization of slaughterhouse by-products: a current scenario in Dhaka city." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i4.51250.
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Slaughter-houses are the places from where people get the meat for consumption, but the time is to utilize the by-products to increase the GDP’s rate from livestock. A field survey was conducted regarding usage of the by-products of slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Data were collected from total 60 slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers randomly from different part of Dhaka city consisting 20 large animal (cattle, buffalo), 20 small animal (goat, sheep) and 20 poultry bird (chicken, duck) slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers. Following slaughtering process huge amount of different by-products are also produced that have good economic and nutritive value. The results revealed that edible by-products such as head trimmings, brain, tongue, heart, stomach, lungs, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney and tail were used by 100% as human food. Inedible by-products had diversified uses but to some extent they were also rejected. However, no one of the inedible by-products was fully rejected. Among the inedible by-products the hides had a great industrial value. Poultry by-products like blood, intestines and feather wastes were generally found to utilize as fish feed. Most slaughterhouses were found to maintain moderate to poor hygienic conditions where very few maintained good condition. Almost two-third (61.67%) slaughterhouses were used water container as water supply followed by hose pipe (33.33%) and tape water (5%) for cleaning purpose. It can be concluded that by-products are valuable materials but due to lack of management and industrial mind slaughterhouses of the Dhaka city cannot utilize those materials. Therefore, proper usages of by-products can run a new prospective business in Bangladesh.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 809-816
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Libanori, Maria Clara, Rafaela de Paula Casado, Paulo Fernandes Marcusso, and Marília Cristina Sola. "Contradictions and challenges of fish slaughter in Brazil." Veterinária Notícias 26, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/vtn-v26n2-2020-46732.
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Fish farming is an extremely important activity for the Brazilianmarket since it is currently on the rise. In order to obtain high-qualityproducts, some care is necessary from the breeding, involving facilities,adequate feeding, handling, harvesting, slaughtering, and packaging. Inthe fish farming chain, one of the most important moments is theslaughtering, because it is when the product undergoes modifications thatinterfere in its final quality, considering appearance, odor, texture, andpalatability. In the Regulation of Industrial and Sanitary Inspection ofProducts of Animal Origin (RIISPOA), there is little information thatrefers to the slaughter of fish, mainly about the appropriate way to beperformed, and the Normative Instruction No. 3 of the Ministry ofAgriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) of January 17, 2000,determines the standardization of stunning methods to humane slaughterin various animal species, except for fish. According to this bibliographicalreview, stunning by electrocution, a lethal blow to the head, and the bonemarrow section are the best techniques to be used, but there is still a lackof studies for standardization of methods. For this reason, this workgathers information about fish slaughter, as well as highlights the need forregulation by the relevant bodies.
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De Smet, S. "pH measurements in the slaughterline and carcass quality: a survey in six Belgian slaughterhouses." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 42, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v42i3.601.
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pH was measured early post mortem in longissimus muscle (and occasionally in semimembranosus muscle) in the slaughterline of six Belgian slaughtering plants in three or four sessions. Mean pH values differed according to the mode of expression: pH means calculated after transformation to hydrogen ion concentrations were always lower than means calculated directly from pH values. The differences was linearly dependent on the variance, meaning that transformation of pH values to hydrogen ion concentrations is strongly recommended when comparing mean values of groups with unequal variances. Large differences in pH means were found between slaughterhouses that could not be attributed to differences in time of measuring postmortem and that were probably not related to differences in the slaughtering procedure. On the other hand, negative relationships were apparent between carcass quality data (lean content and instrumental or visual conformation score) and pH values between as well as within all slaughtering plants. Although no exact information was available on the preslaughter treatment of the animals, it is suggested that the genetic antagonism between carcass quality and meat quality is the main source of the fairly high proportion of low initial pH values and inferior meat quality in Belgian slaughter pigs.
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Nurjanah, Siti, Winiati Puji Rahayu, and Rara Nabila Najib. "Evaluasi Penerapan Good Manufacturing Practice dan Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure pada Rumah Pemotongan Hewan Unggas di Bogor." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.1.60.
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Microbial contamination in chicken meat is caused by unsanitary practices during slaughtering in poultry slaughtering house. Poultry slaughtering house need to apply Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure (SSOP) system to produce the standard microbial requirements of meat. This study was aimed to evaluate the implementation of GMP and SSOP and categorize 30 slaughtering houses located in Bogor. Observation was carried out in 4 modern slaughtering houses (RPH-U) and 26 traditional slaughtering houses (TPH-U). Parameter evaluation was determined based on the Indonesian national standard SNI 01-6160-1999 and the veterinary control certificates which consisted of eight aspects of GMP and six aspects of SSOP. The categorization was clustered in five levels. The results showed that modern slaughtering houses were categorized into 1st and 2nd level, whilst traditional slaughtering houses were categorized into 2nd and 3rd level. The highest incompliance of GMP in modern slaughtering house was the waste treatment aspect (31%) and in traditional slaughtering house was the cold storage presence aspect (95%). The highest incompliance of SSOP in modern slaughtering house was the sanitation facilities and avoiding cross-contamination aspect (21%) and in traditional slaughtering house was the cleanliness of food contact surface aspect (97%). There are some recommendations for improvement the fulfillment of GMP and SSOP aspects based on the critical parameters. Keywords: chicken meat, Good Manufacturing Practice, modern slaughteringhouse, Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure, standard slaughteringhouses
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Babayemi, O. J., M. O. Ajayi, J. F. Olona, N. F. Anurudu, and F. T. Ajayi. "Livestock value chain: Prediction of live weight and cut yield of three indigenous breeds of cattle in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 45, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i2.519.
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Problems associated with prediction of saleable meat yield, price haggling and monetary worth of cattle purchased due to difficulties in accurately relating visual appearance of animals and the weight with their price have always been in existence. This study was carried out to determine the accuracy in the use of heart girth tape as an alternative to the use of weighing bridge and crush, dressing percentage and expected cut yield from three indigenous breeds of cattle in Nigeria using linear body measurement. Thus, a total number of 51 healthy and mature White Fulani (n=17), Sokoto Gudali (n=17) and Red Bororo (n=17) cattle breeds were randomly purchased from Ilesha Baruba cattle market Kwara State, Kotangora cattle market, Niger State and Akinyele cattle market, Ibadan, Oyo state and were subjected to heart girth measurements. The study lasted for 32 weeks. Live weights of animals were determined at the point of purchase using a specialized measuring tape (girth tape) calibrated in kilogram (kg) and centimeter (cm).The live weights were recorded in kilogram which was used in price negotiation at the market. The live weight of the cattle ranged from 164 – 463 kg. The mean girth tape values were White Fulani (286.53 51.06)kg, Sokoto Gudali (293.35+77.51)kg and Red Bororo 261.88+60.65)kg respectively. Post slaughtering data collected were dressing percentage, weight of head(kg),neck(kg), shanks(kg), forearm(kg), thigh(kg),skin(kg),liver(kg),heart(kg), intestine(kg)and kidney(g).The study revealed that heart girth measurement had high correlation coefficient with live weight (r=0.99, p<0.001). This implies that the use of heart girth tape in weight prediction is accurate and reliable. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in the dressing percentage among the breeds (43.55-46.52) %. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed in the cut yield percentage between Red Bororo (33.16 4.12) and other breeds but none between White Fulani (37.14 4.50)% and Sokoto Gudali (34.53 5.26)%.There were significant (p<0.05) differences in the head (13.52-13.42)kg, Neck (14.70-18.07)kg, left thigh (27.92-29.41)kg, right forearm (22.91-27.24)kg, left forearm (24.84-27.57)kg, liver (3.60 – 3.84)kg, skin (15.03 -15.39), shank (2.20-2.41)kg, tail (5.23-5.92)kg but none for right thigh, kidney and lungs among the breeds. The variations in the yield may be as a result of genetic, management, weight and age of the animals. It can be concluded that heart girth tape may be used where weighing crush is not available because of its accuracy and reliability. The study also revealed that White Fulani has higher meat yield than Sokoto Gudali and Red Bororo and will therefore be more profitable to cattle sellers, abattoir centers, slaughter houses andmeat shops.
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Das, A., F. I. Rume, W. K. Ansari, M. N. Alam, M. R. Islam, P. K. Dutta, and A. K. M. M. Anower. "ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION LEVELS ON THE SURFACE OF THE BOVINE CARCASSES AT SLAUGHTERHOUSES OF BARISHAL CITY IN BANGLADESH." Journal of Veterinary Medical and One Health Research 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36111/10.36111/jvmohr.2019.1(2).0014.
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Background: Meat industries in developing countries including Bangladesh are found to be challenged by severe hygienic and sanitation problems which are associated with heavy bacterial load on the different sites of carcasses and meat. Objectives: The major objectives of this study were to determine the bacterial load at the different risk sites of bovine carcasses and identification of pathogenic bacteria as well as to assess the associated hygienic and sanitation practices with public health significance of the isolated bacteria. Materials and Methods: The study on bacterial load of bovine carcasses was conducted on 200 swab samples of different risk sites of 20 bovine carcasses in the different slaughterhouses of Barishal City Corporation during the period from April to October 2017. The aseptically collected swab samples from different sites of bovine carcasses were processed and analyzed individually by standard bacteriological procedures for Total viable count (TVC), Total coliform count (TCC), Total Staphylococcus count (TSC) and Total Salmonella count (TSAC) and the bacterial species were identified by the conventional aerobic cultural, morphological and biochemical tests. The hygienic status and practices of slaughterhouses and workers were evaluated through a structured questionnaire survey and also a visual inspection. Results: Staphylococcus aureus (78.5%), Salmonella spp. (64.5%) and Escherichia coli (64.0%) were found widely prevalent bacteria on the surface of freshly slaughtered bovine carcasses. The mean TVC of bacteria at pre-and post-washing of the different risk sites of carcasses including neck, shoulder, rump and their used knife and workers’ hand was calculated and highest one was recorded for neck at both pre (8.17 ± 1.22) and post (8.41 ± 0.92) washings. These TVC were found higher compared to standards set by WHO. The TSC was found highest at shoulder site at both pre (7.26 ± 0.94) and post (7.43 ± 1.02) washing, whereas the neck site was found highest contaminated with E. coli (6.69 ± 1.06 and 6.87 ± 1.04) and Salmonella spp.(5.73 ± 1.05 and 6.07 ± 0.92), respectively. The questionnaire survey and visual inspection of slaughter houses revealed that none of the slaughterhouse workers received any training on slaughterhouses management and hygiene, not used any head and hair covering, protective clothes and hand gloves whereas only 25.33% workers washed their hands and 34.67% used clean water at slaughterhouses during processing of carcasses and meat. Conclusions: The slaughtering of the animals on the ground and then skinning and evisceration in the same place under poor hygienic conditions are the major risk factors for heavy bacterial contamination of carcasses which has been recognized as a threat to food safety and consumers health to foodborne illness. Therefore, it requires a serious attention from all relevant authorities to apply and maintain the basic hygienic slaughterhouse practices to prevent the bacterial contamination of carcasses to prevent food borne illness. However, these data should serve as a baseline for future comparisons in measuring the bacteriological status of beef carcasses in other districts and further research works.
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Owers, Roly. "Should we slaughter horses at abattoirs?" Veterinary Record 185, no. 18 (November 7, 2019): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.l6414.
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Haq, Anis Dliyaul, Irfan Irfan, and Yanti Meldasari Lubis. "Pengaruh Cara Penyembelihan dan Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Kualitas Daging Ayam Broiler." Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pertanian Indonesia 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jtipi.v12i1.16038.
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Slaughtering is a method used to obtain food from farmed animals. Chicken slaughter is one of important factors affevting the halal and nutritional quality of meat. Chicken meat slaughtered is done according to islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia. Slaughtering is carried out according to islamic or halal sharia according LPPOM-MUI (2008). The storage time for food is a period of time that is safe and suitable for consumption in food and can be used by consumers according to their needs and can maintain the state of the food that is packed. Determine the quality of chicken meat whether or not accepted by consumers affect the physical, chemical and biological quality. The study aims to determine the effect of slaughtering methoda (according to Islamic sharia and not according to Islamic sharia) and duration of storage on the quality of chicken meat. This research uses factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the method of slaughtering, namely slaughtering by Islamic sharia and slaughtering not by Islamic sharia (neck slaughter broken). Slaughtering by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtering in RPA that is halal certified, while slaughtering is not by Islamic sharia is chicken slaughtered in RPA that is certified not halal. The second factor is storage time, which is 0 hours (control), 3 hours, 6 hours and 9 hours. The result of this study showed that slaughter had a very significantly affected (P 0,01) on skin color. The treatmment duration significantly affected (P 0,05) on water content and suppleness. Research shows that the quality of chicken meat slaughtered according to Islamic sharia (P1) is better than meat slaughtered not according to Islamic sharia, especially in terms of; as higher skin color. As storage time increases, the water content
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Szőllősi, László, Szilvia Molnár, Krisztina Ladányi, Laura Karnai, and István Szűcs. "Cost analysis of pig slaughtering: A Hungarian case study." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 11, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2017): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2017/3-4/17.
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The scale of Hungarian slaughterhouses is small in international comparison and the cost of slaughter and cutting a pig of average live weight is relatively high at 16.1-19.4 EUR on average. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost of pig slaughter and cutting through the case study of a medium-scale plant in Hungary. Based on data from the enterprise, a calculation was performed in relation to the “output” quantity of pig slaughter and cutting, as well as its value and the cost and cost structure of processing. The capacity of the examined plant and its utilisation were analysed and cost reductions were estimated for various increases of output. In 2015, the direct cost of slaughter and cutting was 18.9 EUR per pig for the medium-scale plant which processed 100 thousand pigs. When the purchase cost of pigs is excluded, labour costs accounted for the highest share (30%) of costs, followed by services (29%) and energy costs (21%). For this reason, the level of wages and employer’s contributions has a rather high significance. Analysis showed that significant increases in Hungarian minimum wage and guaranteed living wage in 2017 resulted in an estimated 7% increase in the cost of slaughter and cutting compared to 2015, despite the decrease of contributions. The capacity utilisation of the plant was a low 28% when compared to a single 8-hour shift considered full capacity. The cost of slaughter and cutting was estimated to be reduced to 14.2-17.0 EUR per pig if the plant operated at full capacity. This may be considered a lower bound estimate of cost because there are numerous restricting factors on optimising capacity utilisation, such as: 1) number of live animals available for purchase and related logistics; 2) cooling capacity availability; 3) labour availability; 4) market position of the enterprise and potential for marketing additional pig meat products. Enterprises of this scale are recommended to consider producing more value-added products and, accordingly, investing in product development.
JEL Classification: Q13, Q19
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H. K. Aalabbody, Huda. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CONSUMERS ATTITUDE ON THE MEAT HYGIENE SLAUGHTERED IN AND OUTSIDETHE SLAUGHTER HOUSEES." Iraqi Journal of Market Research and Consumer Protection 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28936/jmracpc13.1.2021.(8).
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The study was conducted to assess the attitude and awareness of a sample of people regarding the indiscriminate slaughter and its effects on health and the environment compared with slaughtering in a slaughterhouse. The sample consisted of 120 persons from six equal professional groups contacted with the butchery labour (livestock keeper, truck driver, butcher, veterinarian, shopkeeper and consumer). The age ranged 22-76 years old, mean 52±10 years, lived ≥ 5 years in the Baghdad city. The results showed that there is a preference for slaughtering inside the slaughterhouse due to the presence of veterinary examination, slaughtering and preparing meat in a healthy, easy-to-clean places, unlike the indiscriminate slaughter that took place on the sidewalks of streets or in front of butchers' shops or at the entrances of their homes in front of people and passers-by. The results also showed that there is a great spread of the indiscriminate slaughter phenomenon throughout Baghdad governorate, coinciding with the lack of health awareness, lack of attention by citizens, weak monitoring authorities, and a great waste of secondary waste resulting from indiscriminate slaughter, such as leather, wool and blood.
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Dobeic, Martin. "Religious slaughter in European union - Short review." Meso 20, no. 6 (2018): 529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.20.6.1.
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The aim of this paper was to review current religious slaugtering processes and dillemas in EU. Stunning of animals before slaughter is a legally prescribed requirement in the EU intended to reach animal unconsciousness so that slaughter does not cause anxiety, pain, suffering or distress. In some European Union countries, religious slaughter is exceptionally allowed without stunning. Animals intended for religious slaughter must be healthy and undamaged. In order to meet these requirements, religious slaughtering in the EU is being implemented only in allowed and approved slaughterhouses. Slaughter can only be performed by authorized and educated operators. Regarding religious slaughter, there are many dilemmas in the EU about whether this methods of slaughter causes additional suffering of animals. Insofar as Muslim slaughter in some cases allows some methods of the preslaughter stunning, Jewish slaughter does not allow any stunning. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the fact that in the future, it will be necessary to examine alternative stunning methods which will ensure the integrity of live animals before bleeding. At the same time, it is necessary to harmonize the guidelines for a harmonized procedures of handling animals before and after slaughtering and certifying of the meat originating from religious slaughter in order not to mislead consumers.
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ARGUELLO, HECTOR, AVELINO ÁLVAREZ-ORDOÑEZ, ANA CARVAJAL, PEDRO RUBIO, and MIGUEL PRIETO. "Role of Slaughtering in Salmonella Spreading and Control in Pork Production." Journal of Food Protection 76, no. 5 (May 1, 2013): 899–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-404.
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Salmonella is one of the major foodborne pathogens worldwide. Pork products are among the main sources of Salmonella infection in humans, and several countries have established Salmonella surveillance and control programs. The role of slaughtering in carcass contamination has been indicated by studies focused on the slaughterhouse environment. In this review, we examine and discuss the information available regarding the influence that farm status, pig transport, and lairage have on the carriage of Salmonella by pigs entering the slaughter line. The evolution of carcass contamination throughout the slaughtering process, the main sources of contamination in the dirty and clean zones of the slaughter line, and previously reported prevalence of Salmonella on carcasses and factors affecting this prevalence also are discussed. The importance of implementing interventions at the slaughter level is discussed briefly. Consistent with the information available, pigs from infected farms and newly acquired or recrudescent infections in pigs at the subsequent stages of transport and lairage are important sources of Salmonella at the slaughtering plant. The continuous introduction of Salmonella into the slaughterhouse and the potential for resident flora constitute a risk for carcass contamination. At the slaughterhouse, some dressing activities can reduce carcass contamination, but others are critical control points that jeopardize carcass hygiene. This information indicates the importance of considering slaughter and previous stages in the pork production chain for controlling Salmonella in swine production.
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Kosovac, Olga. "Fattening and slaughter traits of Large Yorkshire." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 18, no. 1-2 (2002): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0202053k.
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In this paper, results of the investigation of fattening and slaughter traits of Large Yorkshire (250 fattening pigs) are presented. The investigation started as piglets reached average body mass of 25 kg, and ended as they reached body mass of 100 kg, followed by slaughtering. Fattening pigs were fed standard complete mixtures in farm conditions. Slaughtering of animals was carried out in 'Bek' slaughterhouse in Zrenjanin. Following fattening traits were investigated: age and weight at slaughtering, daily gain and feed conversion, as well as following carcass side traits: length of carcass side, backfat thickness on shoulder, mid back and loin, weight of ham and weight of shoulder, weight of meat with bones, weight of fat with skin and their ratio. Also heritability of major fattening traits as well as phenotypic correlation of fattening traits and carcass side quality were established. Obtained data was processed by method of least squares (LSM LMW - Harvey, 1987). Based on obtained results, average age at slaughtering of 181,45 days, as a consequence of high daily gain of 712,01 g, was established. Favorable mean values of fattening traits with considerably low relative deviation indicated good genetic potentials of the investigated population. These results indicate that it is possible to considerably improve fattening traits in view of their economical value, in large scale production. With average length of carcass sides of 97,60 cm, established backfat thickness (back and loin) was 26,3 and 35,8 mm respectively, and lean fat ratio 1,59. Average results of the analysis of carcass side and yield of certain body parts of the investigated breed are satisfactory. Heritability coefficients of investigated traits were high and varied from 0,511 to 0,651. Also, the evaluated value of the heritability coefficient was somewhat higher in case of DG and FC. Investigated coefficients were positive, which provided positive selection effects in attempt to improve these traits by selection. The highest phenotypic correlation was demonstrated between DG and AS, as well as RMF and WFS (-0,762**, -0,687**). Backfat thickness is in correlation with feed conversion and length of carcass side. The correlation value varies from very low to low. Phenotypic correlation of BT and FC was positive low, statistically significant and highly significant, negative correlation was established in case of BT and CSL. Based on results of the investigation it can be concluded that average phenotypic expression and variability of fattening traits of pigs from the investigated population are satisfactory. Heritability coefficients of investigated traits were high.
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Nannoni, Eleonora, Gaetano Liuzzo, Andrea Serraino, Federica Giacometti, Giovanna Martelli, Luca Sardi, Marika Vitali, Lucia Romagnoli, Eros Moscardini, and Fabio Ostanello. "Evaluation of pre-slaughter losses of Italian heavy pigs." Animal Production Science 57, no. 10 (2017): 2072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15893.
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A retrospective observational study evaluated the risk factors for pre-slaughter losses (i.e. animal deaths occurring during transport and lairage) and their economic impact in Italian heavy pigs (~160 kg bodyweight). Of the 3 344 730 pigs transported, 1780 (0.053%) died before slaughter, with most losses occurring during transport (56.6%). The estimated economic impact was of 424 000 €. The percentage of batches with at least one animal lost pre-slaughter increased during summer (P < 0.001). The proportion of pre-slaughter losses was higher when journey lasted more than 90 min (P < 0.001) and was positively correlated with transport duration (P < 0.01). Losses were higher (P < 0.01) in batches transported at low stocking densities (i.e. when heavier pigs were transported). Batches with lower slaughtering order (i.e. longer lairage time) had higher proportions of losses (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of a given batch to have at least one animal lost pre-slaughter were 1.32 times higher for batches slaughtered in summer, 1.54 times higher if journey durations exceeded 90 min, 1.25 times higher for batches with low slaughtering order, and not significantly influenced by stocking density during transport.
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Petracci, M., M. Bianchi, and C. Cavani. "Pre-slaughter handling and slaughtering factors influencing poultry product quality." World's Poultry Science Journal 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043933910000024.
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Radovic, Cedomir, Milica Petrovic, Slavko Josipovic, Branislav Zivkovic, Olga Kosovac, and Mihal Fabjan. "Effect of different genotypes, sires and season of slaughtering on slaughter traits of pigs." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 19, no. 1-2 (2003): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0302011r.
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The effect of different genotypes, sires and season on age at slaughtering mass of warm carcass sides, fat thickness measured on three points (withers back, rump) and percentage of meat in warm carcass sides of average mass of 74,17kg using Yugoslav standard method was investigated in this paper. Results obtained show that investigated traits had no variation between pigs of different genotype (P>0,05). Sires effected variation of age at slaughtering, fat thickness (withers, back, rump, back + rump) and percentage of meat in warm carcass sides of offspring (P<0,01). Slaughter season effected fat thickness measured on withers (P<0,01) and age at slaughtering (P<0,05). Age, fat thickness and percentage of meat depended on the mass of warm carcass sides. Evaluated heritability coefficients for investigated traits were in interval of medium to high.
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Ali, N. S. M., A. R. Zabidi, M. N. A. Manap, S. M. S. N. S. Zahari, and N. Yahaya. "Effect of different slaughtering methods on metabolites of broiler chickens using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-TOF-MS)." Food Research 4, S1 (February 10, 2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s1).s06.
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Islamic study defined Halal meat as a “thoyyiban” (clean) food source. Halal meat is produced by following slaughtering procedure as determined by the Islamic jurisprudence. Slaughtering methods have gained a worldwide discussion as animal welfare becomes a concern. However, there is lacking of scientific facts to prove which slaughtering methods produce better physiological effects on animals from metabolomics view. Therefore, metabolomics approach by Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) was used in this study to understand how the metabolites in poultry change when subjected to different slaughtering processes. The broiler chickens were subjected to Halal (Islamic tradition) and non-Halal slaughtering method (neck poking) where pectoral major muscle tissues from the slaughtered meat were selected for UHPLC-TOF-MS analysis. Metabolome data highlighted multiple pathways affected by slaughtering methods including glucose, amino acid, inosine, hypoxanthine and arginine. Higher utilization of energy in non-Halal slaughtering process was observed as indicated by the increase of gluconeogenesis and amino acid breakdown. The result from this study indicated that the method of slaughter affects the metabolites profile of poultry.
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Muamar, Afif, and Juju Jumena. "Standarisasi Halal Majelis Ulama Indonesia dalam Penyembelihan Ayam di Desa Kertawinangun Cirebon." Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 89–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v5i1.2165.
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AbstractThis study aims to determine the process of slaughtering broilers in the village of Kertawinangun and the process of slaughtering according to the the Indonesian Ulema Council standard. This research is descriptive-analytical using qualitative methods. This research resulted in three things, first, the method of slaughtering and processing stages of broilers grouped into three stages, namely the stages in the preparation of chickens, slaughtering, and processing of chickens. And secondly, several factors influence consumer behavior related to halal slaughter, namely; 1) Cultural Factors, namely human behavior is largely determined by the culture that surrounds it, and its influence will always change every time by the times. 2) Social factors include family groups and role models. 3) Personal factors consisting of age and stages of the life cycle, economic conditions, lifestyle, and personality.
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Paszkiewicz, Waldemar, and Renata Pyz-Łukasik. "Bacterial Contamination of Calf Carcasses During Production Cycle." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 56, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10213-012-0009-1.
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Abstract The objective of the presented study was to determine microbial contamination of calf muscle tissues in relation to slaughtering process of calves during a slaughter day. In order to determine the total aerobic bacteria count, and the presence of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family and enterococci, 32 carcasses were examined (eight each slaughter day), while 40 carcasses (10 each slaughter day) were examined for the detection of Salmonella organisms. Microbiological evaluation of each bacterial group was performed according to the Polish Norms. In most cases, no significant differences were reported between the total aerobic counts on calf carcass surfaces as determined at each slaughter cycle. The daily log mean values were lower by 1 up to 1.5 log, respectively, than the maximal bacteria count (M). Bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated from 59.4% of the evaluated samples. However, contamination with these bacteria was insignificant - 1.7 x 10 cfu/cm2. Enterococci were isolated from all investigated samples and contamination ranged from 1.1 x 10 cfu/cm2 up to 4.1 x 102 cfu/cm2. Salmonella strains were not found in any of the evaluated samples. The order of the slaughtering calves during a slaughter day and the day of the week when the examination was performed did not have any influence on total microbial contamination of carcasses. Thus, sanitary conditions in the examined abattoir were satisfactory and slaughter process was conducted at a high quality level
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Lerner, Pablo, and Alfredo Mordechai Rabello. "The Prohibition of Ritual Slaughtering (Kosher Shechita and Halal) and Freedom of Religion of Minorities." Journal of Law and Religion 22, no. 1 (2006): 1–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400003210.
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The statutory prohibition against ritual slaughter, which does not stun the animal prior to slaughter, as required in most Western nations, poses a significant challenge for the international right to freedom of religion or belief in European nation-states. This prohibition is important not only in Europe, or because of the prohibition itself, but because it implicates the legal status of two minority religious communities in these nation-states, those of Judaism and Islam. Some animal rights advocates have objected to ritual slaughter without stunning because, in their view, it causes needless suffering by the animal, and they have been successful in getting their views enacted into law in a number of European countries. Indeed, some countries prohibit ritual slaughtering altogether, as we shall discuss below.This paper argues that the right to freedom of religion or belief requires nation-states to respect the rights of religious minorities that engage in ritual slaughter, even if they recognize the importance of avoiding unnecessary suffering of animals. Following a review of the legal status of animals in rights discourse generally, we will show why the prohibition of ritual slaughter needlessly results in discrimination against religious minorities, and why it is important that nation-states attempting to reduce animal suffering more clearly specify realistic alternatives for avoiding such suffering that are compatible with current religious mandates about animal slaughter. We will also consider whether the alternative of importing kosher orhalalmeat in place of ritual slaughtering, proposed by some nation-states as a method of alleviating the harm to religious minorities, is an effective and fair alternative.
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Joseph, J. K. "CATTLE SLAUGHTERING AND POSTMORTEM HANDLING PRACTICES IN SELECTED NIGERIA CITIES." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 26 (March 11, 2021): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v26i1.3028.
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Cattle slaughtering and postmortem handing practices in Nigerian abattoris and markets were investigated. The study revaled poor pre- and post slaughter handling of cattle and carcass. The abattoirs were inadequately were inadequately equipped and maintained. The abbattors were characterized by lack of running tap water and proper waste disposal facilities. A critical assessment of the slaughtering process in the abattoirs when compared with the standard method showed a total absence of stunning (necessary for humance slaughtering) and aging or ripening (Which enhances tenderness and juiciness of meat) unit operations. The beef marketing chain was also found to be poorly organized and managed with associated poor preservation and storage facilities. Suggestions for improvement were also discussed.
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de la Rosa, Ignacio, Pedro L. Castro, and Rafael Ginés. "Twenty Years of Research in Seabass and Seabream Welfare during Slaughter." Animals 11, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 2164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11082164.
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The behavioural responses of fish to a stressful situation must be considered an adverse reaction caused by the perception of pain. Consequently, the handling prior to stunning and the immediacy of loss consciousness following stunning are the aspects to take into account during the slaughtering process. The most common commercial stunning method in seabream and seabass is based on hypothermia, but other methods such as electrical stunning, carbon dioxide narcosis or anaesthetic with clove oil, are discussed in relation to the time to reach the unconsciousness stage and some welfare indicators. Although seawater plus ice slurry is currently accepted in some guidelines of fish welfare well practices at slaughter, it cannot be considered completely adequate due to the deferred speed at which cause loss of consciousness. New methods of incorporating some kind of anaesthetic in the stunning tank could be a solution to minimize the impact on the welfare of seabass and seabream at slaughtering.
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Njoga, Ugochinyere J., Emmanuel O. Njoga, Obichukwu C. Nwobi, Festus O. Abonyi, Henry O. Edeh, Festus E. Ajibo, Nichodemus Azor, et al. "Slaughter Conditions and Slaughtering of Pregnant Cows in Southeast Nigeria: Implications to Meat Quality, Food Safety and Security." Foods 10, no. 6 (June 5, 2021): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061298.
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The increase in the slaughter of pregnant cows (SPCs) for meat (except as may be approved by veterinarians on health grounds to salvage the animal) is unethical. SPCs for meat is also counterproductive, detrimental to food security, and may enhance zoonotic disease transmission. In this context, therefore, this current study examined slaughter conditions and the slaughtering of pregnant cows, and the implications for meat quality, food safety, and food security in Southeast Nigeria. The direct observational method was employed to examine the slaughterhouse activities, from when the cattle arrived at the lairage to the post-slaughter stage. A pre-tested and validated closed-ended-questionnaire was used to elicit information on causes of the SPCs and the method of disposal of eviscerated foetuses. Pregnancy status of cows slaughtered was determined by palpation followed by visual examination of the eviscerated and longitudinal incised uteri. The study lasted for six months during which 851 cows out of 1931 slaughtered cattle were surveyed. Assessment/decision-making protocol of slaughterhouse conditions, welfare conditions of slaughter-cattle, reasons for sale or slaughter of pregnant cows, distribution of pregnant cows slaughtered, method of disposal of eviscerated foetuses, and estimated economic losses of SPCs were delineated. Of the 851 cows examined, 17.4% (148/851) were pregnant while 43.2% (64/148) of the total foetuses recovered were in their third trimester. Major reasons adduced for SPCs by proportion of involved respondents were: ignorance of the animals’ pregnancy status (69.7%, 83/119), high demand for beef (61.3%, 73/119), preference for large-sized cattle (47.9%, 57/119), economic hardship (52.1%, 62/119) and diseases conditions (42.9%. 51/119). The conduct of SPCs for meat would not be profitable. This is because within six months, an estimated loss of about 44,000 kg of beef, equivalent to ₦ 70.1 million or $186,400 would be associated with SPCs and the consequential foetal wastages. If losses were to be replicated nationwide across slaughterhouses, 4.3 tons of beef estimated at ₦ 8.6 billion or $23 million would be wasted. Improving slaughter conditions and the welfare of slaughter-cattle in Nigerian slaughterhouses through advocacy, training of slaughterhouse workers, and strict implementation of laws promoting humane slaughter practices is imperative. Preventing SPCs for meat and inhumane slaughter practices at the slaughterhouse would enhance the welfare needs of slaughter cattle, grow the national herd size, and improve meat safety as well as food security.
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Asakura, Hiroshi, Kazuya Masuda, Shigeki Yamamoto, and Shizunobu Igimi. "Molecular Approach for Tracing Dissemination Routes of Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliO157 in Bovine Offal at Slaughter." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/739139.
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Bovine offal is currently recognized as one of the sources of human Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC) infection in Japan. Here, the prevalence and genetic characterization of STEC O157 in bovine feces, offal, and carcasses at slaughtering were examined between July and October in 2006. STEC O157 was detected in 31 of 301 cattle feces (10.3%) delivered from 120 farms. Simultaneously, 60 bovine-originated offal (tongue, liver, and omasum) and carcasses were randomly selected and the detection of O157 STEC was examined as well. STEC O157 was isolated from 4 tongues (6.7%), 1 liver (1.7%), 3 omasa (5.0%), and 2 carcasses (3.3%), respectively. All the O157 isolates were positive foreaeandhlyAgenes, and 37 of 41 isolates (90.2%) exhibitedstx2cgenotype. PFGE analysis revealed the identical macrogenotypes of 4-tongue- and 1-liver-originated isolates and among 2 fecal isolates from animals slaughtered consecutively. Considering their continuous detection according to the slaughtering order, we concluded that these distributions of O157 in bovine offal and feces might be due to cross-contamination at (pre)slaughter. Our data thus reposes implication of better sanitary control in diapedesis from both upper and lower sites to prevent spread of this pathogen to bovine offal at slaughtering.
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CORRÒ, M., S. SALEH-MOHAMED-LAMIN, S. JATRI-HAMDI, B. SLUT-AHMED, S. MOHAMED-LEJLIFA, S. DI LELLO, D. ROSSI, A. BROGLIA, and L. VIVAS-ALEGRE. "A Preliminary Microbiological Assessment of Process Hygiene of Traditional Outdoor Camel Slaughter in Sahrawi Refugee Camps†." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 10 (October 1, 2012): 1859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-132.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the hygiene performance of a camel (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtering process as carried out with the traditional method in the Sahrawi refugee camps located in southwestern Algeria. The camel slaughtering process in this region differs significantly from that carried out in commercial abattoirs. Slaughtering is performed outdoors in desert areas, and dehiding of the carcass is approached via the dorsoventral route rather than the classic ventrodorsal route. Samples were taken from 10 camel carcasses from three different areas: the hide, the carcass meat immediately after dehiding, and the meat after final cutting. Enterobacteriaceae counts (EC) were enumerated employing conventional laboratory techniques. Carcass meat samples resulted in EC below the detection limit more frequently if the hide samples from the same carcass had also EC counts below the detection limit. Because of the low number of trials, the calculation of statistical significance of the results was not possible. Further experimental research is needed in order to validate the results presented in this study. The comparison of the microbiological hygiene performance between dorsal dehiding and traditional ventral dehiding of slaughtered animals could serve to validate the hypothesis of the potential positive impact of the dorsal dehiding method in carcass meat hygiene.
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Silva, Luana Bertollini de Jesus, Leila de Genova Gaya, Ana Paula Madureira, Graziela Tarôco, José Bento Sterman Ferraz, Gerson Barreto Mourão, Elisângela Chicaroni de Mattos, and Tércio Michelan Filho. "Phenotypic correlations among meat quality traits in broilers." Ciência Rural 41, no. 8 (August 2011): 1475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782011000800029.
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The goals of this research were to estimate the phenotypic correlations among various meat quality traits from a male broiler line and to describe the relation among these variables. Phenotypical correlations were determined among quality traits, isolating the effects of slaughter date, the age of the mother and sex. The evaluated traits were pH measurements taken at time 0 and at 6 and 24 hours after slaughtering, color parameters, water loss due to exudation, thawing and cooking of the meat, and shear force. Important associations (P<0.01) were found to be significant and, in most cases, weak or moderate, varying from -0.35 to 0.28. The initial pH of the meat was not associated (P>0.05) to the other traits of the meat, whereas the pH at 24 hours after slaughter was able of directly interfering with the attributes of the meat, since this trait was inversely related with lightness and water losses, which indicates an effect of pH fall along 24h after slaughtering on protein denaturation. This study demonstrates that the variables of poultry meat quality are related and that there is a phenotypical association between lightness and cooking losses and the other attributes of the meat. The pH at 24 hours after slaughtering, lightness and cooking losses could be efficient meat quality indicators in this broiler line.
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Rokicki, Tomasz, and Ferdinand Ringdorfer. "SHEEP MEAT PRODUCTION IN AUSTRIA AND POLAND – SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 19, no. 3 (September 18, 2020): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2020.19.3.32.
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The aim of the article was to compare sheep meat production in Austria and Poland. The level of sheep population in both countries was similar. The sources of the materials were a literature review and data obtained from Statistics Austria and Statistics Poland. The research period concerned the years 1992–2018. Methods of data analysis were used, such as constant dynamics indicators, Gini coefficient and Lorenzo curve, Pearson correlation coefficients. A number of differences were found, e.g. in the direction of changes in the size of the sheep population, the scale of total slaughtering and industrial slaughtering, the share of self-supply in total meat production, traditional consumption of lamb during holidays, the average carcass weight of sheep, prices of lamb meat, interdependence of the sheep population with changes in economic parameters. The similarities concerned the level of concentration of the sheep population and their regional slaughtering, prejudices regarding the consumption of lamb, the share of lambs in slaughtering and meat production, the productivity of meat obtained from the slaughter of sheep.
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Moseley, Anne E., Thomas H. Spreen, and Jim W. Pheasant. "A Mixed-Integer Programming Analysis of the Structure of a Florida-Based Cattle Feeding Industry." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 18, no. 2 (December 1986): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200006178.
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AbstractFlorida is typical of many southeastern states in that it exports feeder cattle and imports carcass and boxed beef. The objective of this paper is to estimate the cost of retaining feeder cattle in Florida, feeding these cattle to slaughter weights, slaughtering them, and distributing the meat to retail outlets. A mixed integer programming model is developed. The optimal number and location of feedlots and slaughter plants are determined. The results indicate that at production levels exceeding 600,000 head, the cost of producing carcass beef in the State is comparable to the average for the United States.
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RASSCHAERT, G., K. HOUF, J. VAN HENDE, and L. de ZUTTER. "Campylobacter Contamination during Poultry Slaughter in Belgium." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.1.27.
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The relation between internal carriage and surface contamination with thermophilic Campylobacter species in broilers was examined by molecular typing methods. Samples from 39 flocks were collected in three Belgian poultry slaughterhouses. From each flock, crop swabs before slaughter and intestines and neck skins during slaughter were collected. A total of 309 isolates were identified at species level and further characterized by flagellin gene A PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni (90%), Campylobacter coli (8.7%), and Campylobacter lari (2.2%), and 27 genotypes could be distinguished by combining the two molecular methods. Seventy-two percent of the flocks arriving at the abattoir were colonized with campylobacters. After slaughter, 79% of the flocks had contaminated neck skins. In six flocks, genotypes isolated from the neck skins were also found in the alimentary tract from previously slaughtered flocks. Four of these flocks were initially free of Campylobacter. These four flocks might have had no contaminated carcasses after logistic slaughtering.
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Henrique Soares Dantas, Fagner, Eduarda Gonçalves Damacena, Ana Paula Balduíno Rabelo, Andrea Francisca Araujo, Aline Francisca Araujo, Iriângela Mendonça Leite, Allan Rodrigues da Costa, and Aline Sousa Camargos. "ESTUDO DA BIOMETRIA FETAL E UTERINA DE FÊMEAS BOVINAS ABATIDAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE MORRINHOS - GO." COLLOQUIUM AGRARIAE 13, Especial 2 (June 1, 2017): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ca.2017.v13.nesp2.000224.
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Of the amount cattle slaughtered in Brazil, 50% correspond to females. Many of them are sent pregnant to the slaughter, mainly in periods and / or places of low supply of animals, where the remuneration to the cattle rancher is greater. In the municipality of Morrinhos, more than 90% of the slaughtered bovine population corresponds to females. In view of this fact, and in order to obtain more information about the slaughtering of pregnant bovine females, the present study aimed to quantify the occurrence of pregnancy among the bovine females slaughtered in the municipality. The slaughter of 406 bovine females was followed in the months of July and August of 2016. After the usual slaughtering procedure, the length and diameter of the uterus and uterine horns were measured, and the length of the fetuses with tape measure, and made image record. These measures were analyzed to identify the pregnancies of the animals. The results showed a rate of 46.8% (190) of pregnancy in slaughtered bovine females, the majority being in the second stage of gestation. It is concluded that this fact could be due to a lack of technical assistance to cattle ranchers and a greater control in the slaughterhouse.
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Diyantoro and Dhandy Koesoemo Wardhana. "Risk Factors for Bacterial Contamination of Bovine Meat during Slaughter in Ten Indonesian Abattoirs." Veterinary Medicine International 2019 (November 19, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2707064.
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Provision of beef meat which does not exceed the maximum microbial contamination limit is expected to meet the requirements to obtain safe, healthy, wholesome, and halal beef. Bacterial contamination during slaughtering process is a safety problem and concern for shelf life in meat production. This study was designed to determine the value of microbial contamination and its risk factors at the stage of the slaughtering process in the abattoirs. This research was conducted by visual observation accompanied by questionnaires and laboratory examination for bacterial contamination testing. The results showed the factor that significantly affected the total plate count (TPC) was carcass cutting (mean: 0.46 × 106 CFU/g; p=0.035) which was not carried out by the abattoir. The factor that had the greatest effect on the MPN of Escherichia coli was blood removal on the floor position (mean: 40.34 × 106 CFU/g; p=0.039) while the factors that significantly affected Staphylococcus aureus contamination were blood removal on the floor position (mean: 52.88 × 106 CFU/g; p=0.025) and carcass cutting which were not carried out by the abattoir (mean: 66.42 × 106 CFU/g; p=0.015).
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Sánchez-Hidalgo, Melissa, Carla Rosenfeld, and Carmen Gallo. "Associations between Pre-Slaughter and Post-Slaughter Indicators of Animal Welfare in Cull Cows." Animals 9, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090642.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the welfare of cull cows in a slaughtering plant, using indicators of health on arrival and indicators of handling during the stunning process. These pre-slaughter indicators were associated with post-slaughter indicators of the same cows, such as carcass bruising and condemnations. Transport staff surveys showed that all drivers had been trained on animal welfare. All loads of cows came directly from farms and had an average transport duration of 5 h 22 min. Indicators were registered in 237 cows during unloading at the slaughterhouse and in the stunning box. Bruises and condemnations were recorded post-slaughter in the carcasses of the same cows. Results at arrival showed that 48% of the cows had low body condition, 50% had mammary problems, and 24% suffered from lameness. During stunning, 16% of cows needed a second shot, and 54% exceeded the 60 s established as a recommended interval between stunning and bleeding. During the post-slaughter evaluation, 50% of the carcasses had more than two bruises and 70.46% had a bruise severity score different from zero. Low body condition was a risk factor to increase the severity of bruises; low body condition and mammary problems increased carcass condemnations; the stunning process indicators were not statistically associated with the severity of the bruises. For cull cows the main animal welfare issue originates at farm level.
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Kozak, Yu A., I. G. Seregin, and S. S. Kozak. "SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF VETERINARY AND SANITARY ASSESSMENT OF POULTRY MEAT AT FORCED SLAUGHTER." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 1 (2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202101005.
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Materials on poultry veterinary rejection and forced slaughter frequency at poultry factories and veterinary and sanitary characteristics of rejected poultry meat in comparison with healthy poultry meat have been presented. Some deviations have been stated for forced slaughter poultry in sensory, physical and chemical properties and microbiological characteristics. It is determined that the meat of forced slaughtered poultry has lower commodity and quality indicators. Such meat contains more moisture and less protein and fat. An increase in the acid number is noted in fat. The biological value and harmlessness of meat of forced slaughter is lower than healthy poultry meat value. E. coli bacteria and Salmonella genera bacteria have been found, and that results sale limitations of meat. Some proposals have been developed at the base of these data on the most rational and safe usage of meat after poultry forced slaughtering.
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Indriati, Marlinda, Tuti Rostianti Maulani, and Uti Nurliawati. "ANALISIS FAKTOR TITIK KRITIS DAN UJI MALACHITE GREEN UNTUK MENENTUKAN STATUS HALAL AYAM POTONG DI TPA KECAMATAN MENES." International Journal Mathla’ul Anwar of Halal Issues 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/ijma.202111.6.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the critical point factor and malachite green test to determine the halal status of broiler chickens in chicken slaughterhouses (TPA). Samples were taken from 4 landfills in Menes District. The research was conducted in 3 stages, namely first filling the halal slaughtering quisoner according to the LPPOM MUI standard (2011), with results of 80% in accordance with the halal chicken slaughtering technique. The second stage is the Malachite Green test, which aims to prove whether the process of slaughtering broiler chickens is perfect, seen from the removal of chicken blood which must also be perfect, the data obtained is that blood removal is carried out completely from all samples (negative carcass). The last stage is post-slaughter handling by testing Eacherichia coli microbial contamination. The average value of microbial contamination is 2.6 x 104 cfu / gr with purple colonies on brilliance media, and the amount of e.coli contamination of broiler chicken meat exceeds the maximum limit of Eacherichia Coli microbial contamination (BMCM) of fresh chicken meat is less than 1 x 101 cfu / gr.
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Skrbic, Z., Z. Pavlovski, and M. Lukic. "The effect of housing density on certain slaughter traits of broilers of Cobb genotype." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 24, no. 1-2 (2008): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0802051s.
Full textAbstract:
Production of poultry meat organized on industrial principles, i.e. in intensive way, is characterized by housing of broilers in closed buildings, often in very high housing densities with completely controlled conditions of environment and nutrition. Objective of the research was to investigate the possibility for improvement of certain slaughter traits of broiler chickens using lower housing density of 12 birds/m2 of box floor area in comparison to control group which was housed in density of 16 birds/m2. Body masses of broilers of both sexes prior to slaughtering were higher in trial group (p<0,01) 2460,91 g for male broilers, and 2063,33 g for female broilers compared to control group (2078,67 g males and 1740,0 g females). As a consequence of greater body masses prior to slaughtering in broilers of trial group also highly significantly greater (p<0,01) masses of processed carcasses were determined. Differences in relative indicators of yield of processed carcasses between investigated groups were not significant. Shared of major carcass part in broilers of both sexes were slightly higher (p>0,05) in trial group compared to control. On carcasses of investigated males in lower housing density the share of breasts was increased the most, and on female carcasses the share of drumsticks.
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Svobodová, Irena, Gabriela Bořilová, Radka Hulánková, and Iva Steinhauserová. "Microbiological quality of broiler carcasses during slaughter processing." Acta Veterinaria Brno 81, no. 1 (2012): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201281010037.
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Microbial contamination of poultry carcasses can be influenced by many factors during transport and slaughtering. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of four processing steps (plucking, evisceration, washing and chilling) on the total viable counts (TVC), counts ofEscherichia coli,Salmonellaspp. andListeriaspp. incidence on broiler carcasses. A total of 160 broiler carcasses originating from one farm were collected during one year period at a Czech slaughterhouse and examined. Both TVC andE. colicounts decreased during processing from 4.6 log cfu/cm2and 3.5 log cfu/cm2to 3.7 log cfu/cm2and 1.8 log cfu/cm2, respectively, with a major impact of washing on TVC and washing and chilling onE. colidecrease (P< 0.001). BothSalmonellaspp. (6 strains) andListeriaspp. (12 strains, none ofL. monocytogenes) were found sporadically in all processing steps followed. However, a decreasing trend was observed inSalmonellacounts andListeriaspp. incidence during the processing. Thus, this study brings new valuable information on the dynamics of microflora during modern poultry processing.
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Večerek, Vladimír, Eva Voslářová, Josef Kameník, Zuzana Machovcová, Lenka Válková, Martina Volfová, and Jarmila Konvalinová. "The effect of slaughtering skills on the welfare of cattle during stunning with a captive bolt." Acta Veterinaria Brno 90, no. 1 (2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb202190010109.
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The performance of stunning in various abattoirs can differ. The aim of the study was to compare the stunning of cattle with a captive bolt in two abattoirs. We monitored the slaughtering skills by measuring the deviation of the location of the stunning shot hole on the skull from the ideal point and further by measuring the angle of inclination of the stunning shot on the skull from the ideal perpendicular angle. We observed the impact of different slaughter skills on the quality of stunning of animals based on the occurrence of failure to achieve motor paralysis after a stun shot. The failure to collapse occurred significantly more frequently (P < 0.05) in abattoir A than in abattoir B. In both abattoirs there was a higher (P < 0.05) number of bulls failing to collapse than in females (cows and heifers). However, the effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs associated with insufficient stunning was not found. The signs occurred in abattoir A and abattoir B to the same extent. In bulls, the number of animals with signs was higher (P < 0.05) than in females in both abattoirs. The results show that insufficient proficiency of skills in stunning cattle with a captive bolt leads to a higher number of animals failing to collapse after a stun shot. The effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs in bulls and females was not proven; however, in bulls a higher incidence of signs was demonstrated than in females.
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Jordaan, J. W., T. S. Brand, C. Bhiya, and B. B. Aucamp. "An evaluation of slaughter age on the profitability of intensive slaughter ostrich production." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08040.
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The traditional slaughter ostrich production system evolved mainly around two aspects: producing the optimum skin size and attaining the ideal shape of follicle on the skin. Over time the practice of slaughtering ostriches at 14 months of age proved to be the ideal system and became the standard in the ostrich industry. With a gradual increase in demand for ostrich meat in the past decade, the meat yielded by a 14-month-old bird provided additional income to the producer. However, the cost of feed can affect profitability and, especially so, for a production system over a 14-month period. In addition to increasing feed costs, evidence exists of an increasing risk of skin damage over long production periods, affecting income negatively. A study at the Kromme Rhee experimental farm near Stellenbosch in South Africa investigated slaughter age regimes at 8.5 months, 10.5 months, 12.5 months, 14.5 months and 16.5 months. Data on feed intake and yields of cold carcass, crust skin size, skin grade and total feathers revealed significant differences (P < 0.01) at different slaughter ages. This paper attempts to assess the effect of different slaughter age regimes on the profitability of intensive slaughter ostrich production. Values predicted from a regression analysis were imputed into a gross margin budget analysis and discounted over a 5-year planning period to compare profitability over the long-term. Income was highest at the 14.5-month slaughter system but gross margin of the 10.5-month slaughter age system was highest, with the 8.5-month system second. Changes in the slaughter age regimes in the ostrich industry may increase efficiency in production systems.
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Jahan, R., MM Hossain, MH Rashid, S. Akhter, and MSI Khan. "Effect of post-slaughter time and storage conditions on chemical and microbial changes in locally marketed beef." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 44, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23143.
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Fresh meat is commonly marketing at environmental temperature for long time in many developing countries including Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to assess whether elapsed time between slaughter and preservation and storage conditions influence the chemical and microbial changes of locally marketed beef. Meat samples were collected from local markets and divided into two groups, morning and evening beef. Morning beef was collected immediately after slaughtering from healthy cattle while evening one was collected 8 h after slaughtering. The samples were kept either in refrigerator (4oC) or freezer (-20oC). Refrigerated samples were stored for 7 days and analyzed on day1st, 3rd and 7th while frozen samples were stored for 90 days and analyzed on day 3rd, 45th and 90th. Results showed that there was a significant difference in chemical and microbial parameters between morning and evening beef (p<0.01 to 0.05). With respect to the advances of storage time, the dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and ash contents were increased in beef sample (p<0.01), indicating the moisture loss from meat time elapsed after slaughtering. Moreover, the coliform, yeast and mold counts were also increased with advance of storage time (p<0.01 to0.05),indicating the unhygienic conditions of slaughter house, equipment and water which is giving signal for the possible occurrence of food borne intoxication. In conclusion, we found that the quality of marketed beef degraded with the time elapsed before storage and storage temperature suggesting the importance of early preservation of meat at lower temperature. Our findings of increased number of microbial counts were also suggested the necessity to improve the hygienic conditions of slaughterhouse and equipment in developing countries like Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23143 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 52-58
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D’Angelantonio, Daniela, Silvia Scattolini, Arianna Boni, Diana Neri, Gabriella Di Serafino, Philippa Connerton, Ian Connerton, et al. "Bacteriophage Therapy to Reduce Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in Broiler Chickens before Slaughter." Viruses 13, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081428.
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Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported gastrointestinal disease in humans. Campybacter jejuni is the main cause of the infection, and bacterial colonization in broiler chickens is widespread and difficult to prevent, leading to high risk of occurrence in broiler meat. Phage therapy represents an alternative strategy to control Campylobacter in poultry. The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of two field-isolated bacteriophages against experimental infections with an anti-microbial resistant (AMR) Campylobacter jejuni strain. A two-step phage application was tested according to a specific combination between chickens’ rearing time and specific multiplicities of infections (MOIs), in order to reduce the Campylobacter load in the animals at slaughtering and to limit the development of phage-resistant mutants. In particular, 75 broilers were divided into three groups (A, B and C), and phages were administered to animals of groups B and C at day 38 (Φ 16-izsam) and 39 (Φ 7-izsam) at MOI 0.1 (group B) and 1 (group C). All broilers were euthanized at day 40, and Campylobacter jejuni was enumerated in cecal contents. Reductions in Campylobacter counts were statistically significant in both group B (1 log10 colony forming units (cfu)/gram (gr)) and group C (2 log10 cfu/gr), compared to the control group. Our findings provide evidence about the ability of phage therapy to reduce the Campylobacter load in poultry before slaughtering, also associated with anti-microbial resistance pattern.
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FASAE, O. A., and M. O. BAKARE. "CATTLE HANDLING, HYGIENE AND SLAUGHTERING TECHNIQUES IN SELECTED CATTLE MARKETS IN ABEOKUTA AND ENVIRONS, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 16, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v16i2.1705.
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The handling, hygiene and slaughtering techniques of cattle in selected cattle markets of Atokun, Randa and Odo-Eran in Abeokuta and environs, Ogun state, Nigeria were assessed. Questionnaires were administered with personal visits to cattle handlers to assess the handling practices and relevant information relating to cattle welfare and slaughtering. Data obtained from this study on the cattle handlers, showed that the literacy level of the rearers and butchers was low, with majority (48.90%) having primary education. The general sanitary conditions at the cattle markets in addition to hygienic practices by the butchers were generally poor. Handling of cattle from the lairage to slaughter slabs was unethical, with the employment of humane practices in the rearing, handling, transporting and slaughtering of cattle rarely observed across the cattle markets. High range of total bacteria count of 6.50 and 8.40 x 105cfu/g and coliform counts of 4.28 to 4.85 x 105cfu/g were observed in the thirty (30) beef samples collected across cattle markets with major isolated organisms being Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp. across the abattoirs under study. Results of this study suggest that the welfare of animals in the selected cattle markets is inadequate due to poor housing facilities, inadequate feeding, low medical attention and low literacy level of handlers as well as indiscriminate slaughtering resulting to contamination of beef cuts of the carcass from which they are derived.
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Zainalabidin, Fazly Ann, Fadilah Mohd Hassan, Nur Sapinah Mat Zin, Wan Nabilah Wan Azmi, and Mohd Iswadi Ismail. "Halal System in Meat Industries." Malaysian Journal of Halal Research 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjhr-2019-0001.
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AbstractHalal certification is one of the prerequisites for entering the global halal market. It does provide recognition of quality and safe product through the concept of halalan toyyiban for the entire supply chain, from farm to fork. In halal meat industry, the system covers from practicing good animal husbandry in the farm until the post-slaughter management in order to maintain the halal status. Animal welfare aspect and ante-mortem inspection were also highlighted in reducing the chances of slaughtering the injured or diseased animal which may not only affecting the meat quality but unhealthy for consumption. Rapid bleeding resulting from the slaughtering process will increases the shelf-life of the meat by reducing the risk of carcass contamination and product deterioration. As the concept of toyyiban (wholesomeness) is practice, the meat is free from any microbiological, physical and chemical hazards.
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Fisher, A. V., M. H. Davies, D. W. Deakin, and J. A. Bayntun. "Changes in carcass composition with age in 16-26 month old Red Deer." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200004518.
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Modern retailing of venison through supermarkets requires that the product be on the shelf for an extended period compared with the traditional short season in autumn/early winter. However, deer are highly seasonal animals and a range of strategies is needed to increase marketing opportunities for venison. One strategy utilizes extended winter daylength and high levels of nutrition to advance the slaughter season (Davies, 1995; Fisher et al., 1995). Another strategy is to adopt more natural, low input systems with reduced production costs, in which deer reach slaughter condition during their third summer at 22-26 months of age, but this needs full investigation. This study involved sequential slaughtering of deer to ascertain how rapidly carcass composition and meat quality changes over this period.