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Journal articles on the topic 'Slaves – economic conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 27 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kondratiev, Sergey V., and Tamara N. Kondratieva. "Young Scholar B. F. Porshnev on the Slave Formation: According to the Text Preserved in the State Archive of the Stavropol Region." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2020): 917–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-3-917-928.

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The article is devoted to an unknown episode in the biography of the eminent Soviet historian B. F. Porshnev (1905–1972), who worked in the higher educational and scientific institutions of Rostov-on-Don in 1930–32, and among others, in the North Caucasus Regional Highlander Research Institute of Local History, where he primarily lectured and taught history of socio-economic formations to post-graduate students. In Rostov, B. F. Porshnev, who later declared himself a scholar in the French history, showed himself as a Marxist social scientist. 1930–32 saw a discussion on socio-economic formatio

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Smith, Stacey L. "Remaking Slavery in a Free State: Masters and Slaves in Gold Rush California." Pacific Historical Review 80, no. 1 (2011): 28–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2011.80.1.28.

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Hundreds of white Southerners traveled to Gold Rush California with slaves. Long after California became a free state in 1850, these masters transplanted economic and social practices that sustained slavery in the American South to the goldfields. At the same time, enslaved people realized that Gold Rush conditions disrupted customary master-slave relationships and pressed for more personal autonomy, better working conditions, and greater economic reward. The result was a new regional version of slavery that was remarkably flexible and subject to negotiation. This fluidity diminished, however,

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3

Tadjiyeva, Feruza. "Slavery Relations in the Khanate of Khiva (based on archival documents)." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080025934-4.

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The following article is based on archival documents from the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, funds of the National State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Khivan Ichon-Kala Museum-Reserve and State Archive of the Orenburg Region of the Russian Federation. The historical sources reflecting the issue of slavery relations in the Khivan Khanate are analyzed, and public attitude to slaves in the country is studied. The doc-uments mainly reflect such issues as slave trade and conditions under which the slaves were liber-ated. Khivan Khan

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Boltaevskiy, Andrey. "“Never visited a colony where negroes had such courage”. Dutch colonial ethos in Curaçao." Latinskaia Amerika, no. 1 (2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044748x0018049-2.

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The subject of this research is the initial stage of the Dutch colonization of one of the Lesser Antilles, Curacao, which is today a subject of the Federation in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. In Russian historiography, the role of Curacao as the largest smuggling center of the eighteenth century is practically not disclosed. The article examines the events of the 17th – 18th centuries. Taking into account the Dutch historical canon, the features of the Dutch colonial ethos in the context of a non-plantation economic system are described. The authors consider such aspects of the topic as the

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Pardue, Jeff. "Antislavery and Imperialism: The British Suppression of the Slave Trade and the Opening of Fernando Po, 1827–1829." Itinerario 44, no. 1 (2020): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115320000108.

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AbstractThis article chronicles the construction of the first permanent foreign settlement on the West African island of Fernando Po (today called Bioko) as part of the British effort to suppress the slave trade in the 1820s. The settlement ended centuries of relative isolation by the indigenous Bubi who hitherto had successfully navigated between occasional trade with outsiders and repelling slave traders. Although British plans ultimately failed, the settlement remained, as did a large portion of the settlers. This article argues that the disruptive power of suppression created the condition

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Sang, Nguyen Van, and Jolanta A. Daszyńska. "The problem of the abolition of slavery and maritime rights on U.S. vessels with regards to British-American relations in the first half of the 19th century." Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 19, no. 2 (2020): 105–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857x.19.02.04.

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The article analyses the struggle of Anglo-American relations connected to slaves and maritime rights on the sea from 1831 to 1842. The study is based on monographs, reports, treaties and correspondences between the two countries from the explosion of the Comet case in 1831 to the signing of the Webster–Ashburton treaty in 1842. This study focuses on three fundamental issues: the appearance of Comet, Encomium, Enterprise, Hermosa and Creole as international incidents with regards to British-American relations; the view of both countries on the abolition of slavery, maritime rights as well as t

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Datta, Y. "How America Became an Economic Powerhouse on the Backs of African-American Slaves and Native Americans." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 7, no. 5 (2021): p121. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v7n5p121.

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The objective of this paper is to make the case that the United States became an economic super-power in the nineteenth century on the backs of African-American slaves and Native Americans.It was in 1619, when Jamestown colonists bought 20-30 slaves from English pirates. The paper starts with ‘The 1619 Project’ whose objective is to place the consequences of slavery--and the contributions of black Americans--at the very center of the story we tell ourselves about who we are as a nation.Slavery was common in all thirteen colonies, and at-least twelve Presidents owned slaves. The enslaved people

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R, Chitravelu. "Economic Problems of Dalit Women Workers." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-18 (2022): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1812.

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We differentiate humans as two genders male and female but they are united physically and morally. of these two men is always considered as superior whereas women as inferior. This concept of masculinity is created by men and many feminists arise to break this concept. Feminist principles are divided into many categories such as moderation, equality and extremism due to differences. Black feminist arise due to racial differences and Dalit feminism is about the liberation of Dalit women who are enslaved in the name of caste. From birth to death, Dalit women live as slaves, shopkeepers, oppresse

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Becker, Eve-Marie, and Ulrike Babusiaux. "Paulus, der „Sklave Christi Jesu“ (Gal 1,10; Röm 1,1; Phil 1,1), im Lichte des römischen Rechts." New Testament Studies 69, no. 4 (2023): 365–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688523000127.

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AbstractIn Gal 1:10, Rom 1:1, and Phil 1:1 Paul refers to himself as δοῦλος Χριστοῦ (Ἰησοῦ). This self-designation is open to interpretation. What is the function of this claim of roles, which is slightly varied syntagmatically in the three passages mentioned, i.e., tends to be linguistically flexible on Paul's part and thus adapted to the context in each case? The present contribution is intended to expand the interpretive framework with an aspect that has been rather neglected in previous Pauline research, when it invokes the interpretive context of Roman law. For it is Roman law that is of

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BERGH, ANDREAS, and CARL HAMPUS LYTTKENS. "Measuring institutional quality in ancient Athens." Journal of Institutional Economics 10, no. 2 (2014): 279–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174413741300043x.

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AbstractWe use the Economic Freedom Index to characterize the institutions of the Athenian city-state in the fourth century BCE. It has been shown that ancient Greece witnessed improved living conditions for an extended period of time. Athens in the fourth century appears to have fared particularly well. We find that economic freedom in ancient Athens is on level with the highest ranked modern economies such as Hong Kong and Singapore. With the exception of the position of women and slaves, Athens scores high in almost every dimension of economic freedom. Trade is probably highly important eve

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Nikolova, Elena. "Destined for Democracy? Labour Markets and Political Change in Colonial British America." British Journal of Political Science 47, no. 1 (2015): 19–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123415000101.

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In this article a new explanation for the emergence of democratic institutions is proposed: elites may extend the right to vote to the masses in order to attract migrant workers. It is argued that representative assemblies serve as a commitment device for any promises made to labourers by those in power, and the argument is tested on a new political and economic dataset from the thirteen British American colonies. The results suggest that colonies that relied on white migrant labour, rather than slaves, had better representative institutions. These findings are not driven by alternative factor

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McKinley, Michelle A. "Financing Freedom: Self-Purchase and Reenslavement in Seventeenth-Century Andalucía." William and Mary Quarterly 81, no. 4 (2024): 651–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wmq.2024.a941487.

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Abstract: This article explores cases in which slaveholders, enslaved and freed people, and courts battled over the customary interpretation of the rights of wage-earning slaves in seventeenth-century Andalucía. Throughout the Spanish Empire, enslaved people could purchase their freedom through the processes of cortación (later known as coartación ) and ransom ( rescate ). People paid their purchase price in installments and eventually received freedom papers, which were notarized agreements that reflected the terms of both parties upon receipt of payment. However, freedom papers do not reveal

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13

PYLYPCHENKO, Oleh. "Features of migration of the population of Kyivan Rus." Economics. Finances. Law 2, no. - (2023): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2023.2.8.

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The problem of migrations is always relevant, as the movement of large masses of people affects the political and economic foundations of many states. The Middle Ages are no exception, it was then during the development of feudal monarchical states that various types of migration flourished. The paper is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of migration processes during the existence of the early feudal state – Kyivan Rus, which can be considered the beginning of the statehood of modern Ukraine. It was established that the migration itself was caused both by the military and political ins

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Sperneac-Wolfer, Christian, Andrei Botorog, and Ferdinand Sutterlüty. "‘Slaves’ Without Coercion? Work-Related Classification Patterns Among Romanian Migrant Workers." Sociologie Romaneasca 21, no. 1 (2023): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.21.1.3.

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Tens of thousands of Romanian migrants work in the German construction sector. Their work is often characterized by unpaid wages, long workdays and by the withholding of sick or holiday payments. The risky and exploitative nature of the conditions under which Romanian migrants work on German construction sites is reflected in their negative evaluation of their engagements as “slave labor” by Romanian workers. Starting from such a clearly negative evaluation, the paper asks how Romanian construction workers in Germany classify their work and what role such classifications have within the contex

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Robinson, Jean C. "Of Women and Washing Machines: Employment, Housework, and the Reproduction of Motherhood in Socialist China." China Quarterly 101 (March 1985): 32–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000015800.

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Biology is not supposed to be destiny in socialist China. In contrast to class societies where supposedly “men occupy the position of the ruling class… and women become the household slaves of men and the instruments for producing more men,” in China men and women together are said to hold up the sky (biantian). Women are no longer enslaved by reproduction; if they are oppressed, it is merely because remnants of feudal thinking, superstition and backwardness still exist in China. Or so it is argued by representatives of the Chinese leadership. Here I will posit a different view. Rather than bl

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Pawelczak, Marek. "British Jurisdiction and Legal Protection of Non-Europeans in the Sultanate of Zanzibar, 1841–1888." Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies 4, no. 1 (2020): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jiows.v4i1.71.

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This article addresses the problem of jurisdiction and protection over certain categories of the local population by the British Consulate in the independent Sultanate of Zanzibar. The minorities in question represented various ethno-religious backgrounds and enjoyed different social and economic statuses. They included the British Indian community, whose members belonged to the economic elite of the state and many of whom were British servants: employees of the British Consulate, as well as missions and private companies. The category also included freed slaves and Christian converts. The art

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Steckel, Richard H., and Richard A. Jensen. "New Evidence on the Causes of Slave and Crew Mortality in the Atlantic Slave Trade." Journal of Economic History 46, no. 1 (1986): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700045502.

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The journals of slave ship surgeons of the 1790s are used to address questions on the relative importance of African conditions versus those on ships, crowding, the effectiveness of Dolben's Act, and the interaction between slave and crew health. In contrast with previous work we find that most slaves who died did so near the middle of the voyage. Crowding was important to health and mortality, but the restrictions of Dolben's Act did little to reduce losses. The crew was largely isolated from patterns of disease among slaves.

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Kagaari, James, Kirabo Nakasiita, Edward Ntare, et al. "Children’s conceptions of peace in two Ugandan primary schools: Insights for peace curriculum." Research in Comparative and International Education 12, no. 1 (2017): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499917698299.

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Oppenheimer urged communities all over the world to study how children come to understand peace, conflict, and war. Set in various countries, their review of studies, as well as more recent examinations reveal trends in how children view these phenomena, often differing by gender, age, and extent to which they were exposed to highly dangerous and traumatizing situations, like being forced to be child soldiers or sex slaves. No such research has been published in the contemporary post-war Uganda context. Using focus group methodology, we asked: How might Ugandan primary school children’s storie

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Wei, Xinyi. "Peasant reform of 1861 in N.A. Nekrasov's poem "Peddlers"." Litera, no. 7 (July 2022): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.7.38212.

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N.A. Nekrasov's poem "Peddlers", written in the summer of 1861, reflected the poet's reflections on the peasant reform that was beginning (announced by the Manifesto on February 19, 1861). Contrary to the testimony of N.G. Chernyshevsky, Nekrasov's attitude to the reform was not completely negative. Realizing that in some aspects the conditions of the changes were unfair to the peasants, the poet nevertheless saw in the reform the beginning of positive changes – the movement towards capitalist, market relations. Describing the recent past, Nekrasov, using specific figures of traveling peddlers

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20

Wilkins, Charles L. "Slavery and Household Formation in Ottoman Aleppo, 1640-1700." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56, no. 3 (2013): 345–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341312.

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Abstract Focusing on a seventeenth-century Syrian city, this study examines the practice of slavery as a strategy for building elite households in the Ottoman Empire. After an overview of the slave trade and the social and political conditions which sustained it, it constructs a demographic profile of the slaves and slaveholders and concludes with case studies of how slaves were integrated into selected military-administrative, merchant and ulama families. Valued as servants, soldiers, companions, and business agents, slaves were integrated to a wide range of elite households, in some cases pr

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Mujaffar Hossain. "Industries and Tribal: Erosion of Their Ethos." Creative Launcher 6, no. 3 (2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2021.6.3.02.

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Tribal issue is a matter of global concern. In India around 8.8% of the total population consist of tribal. They are of primitive human civilisation of India. The major tribes in India are the Gonds, the Bhils, the Santals, the Oraons, the Minas and the Mundas. Eighty percent of the tribes are found in the central region of India. If we look back in the history of pre-independent India, the tribes’ position was not in much privileged; they are intended for the laborious job, a kind of slaves under the British colonials. Later on, a decade of independence, unfortunately there are

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Dari-Mattiacci, Giuseppe, and Guilherme de Oliveira. "Slavery versus Labor." Review of Law & Economics 17, no. 3 (2021): 495–568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rle-2021-0049.

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Abstract Slavery has been a long-lasting and often endemic problem across time and space, and has commonly coexisted with a free-labor market. To understand (and possibly eradicate) slavery, one needs to unpack its relationship with free labor. Under what conditions would a principal choose to buy a slave rather than to hire a free worker? First, slaves cannot leave at will, which reduces turnover costs; second, slaves can be subjected to physical punishments, which reduces enforcement costs. In complex tasks, relation-specific investments are responsible for high turnover costs, which makes p

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Aminatus Zahriyah, Moh. Zuhdi, and Mohamad Hidayatullah. "Strategi Penyaluran Zakat Terhadap Janda-Janda Tua Duafa Pada Lembaga Amil Zakat Nurul Hayat Desa Sempusari Kecamatan Kaliwates Kabupaten Jember Dalam Upaya Pemberdayaan Ekonomi." Journal of Religion and Social Community | E-ISSN : 3064-0326 1, no. 2 (2024): 84–88. https://doi.org/10.62379/jrsc.v1i2.132.

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The method of distributing zakat is various ways, directly and indirectly. All methods in general how zakat can be realized properly according to their respective conditions that demand to be in harmony with local circumstances. In particular, zakat serves as the fulfillment of the rights of people who are entitled to receive zakat. In Islamic law not everyone has the right to receive zakat, only certain people are worthy of receiving and belong to the weak. Those who are entitled to receive zakat are fakir, poor, muallaf, riqab (slaves), gharimun (people who have debts), travelers, amil, fi s

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Olaniyan, Tejumola. "Cosmopolitan Interest Rates." Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2020, no. 46 (2020): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-8308246.

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Much scholarly effort over the last two to three decades has been spent debating cosmopolitanism and attacking or refurbishing its older understanding as something owned by the West and a marker of civilization that others should strive for. The criticisms, however, have tended to emphasize the Eurocentric origins and constitutive cultural exclusionism of cosmopolitanism more than anything else. A second and newer origin of cosmopolitanism that is more commonly referenced today as cosmopolitanism’s modern foundation is one in which we find an inextricable imbrication of three Cs: conquest, com

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Schokkenbroek, Joost C. A., and Leon van den Broeke. "Economics without ethics? Medical treatment of African slaves aboard Dutch West India Company and private slave ships." International Journal of Maritime History 34, no. 1 (2022): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08438714221079552.

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This article discusses the treatment of enslaved Africans by the Dutch during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Treatment is interpreted in two ways – morally and medically. Moral treatment is primarily defined by the Dutch Reformed Church and its religious dogmata. Despite the importance of this church in the provision of pastors and comforters of the sick ( ziekentroosters), information about its role in providing a religious, moral compass to its members regarding slavery and slave trade is scattered. Medical treatment – both preventive and curative in nature – is discussed as well.

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Mazhinskiy, Stanislav V. "Why Siberia is not America: features of the Siberian character." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 483 (2022): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/483/12.

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This article is dedicated to the Siberian character as a part of the Russian national character. The article aims to review the special features and traits of the Siberians character. Over the past decades, Russian social sciences have comprehended Siberia as an American model of society. The main research method contains a comparison of Siberian and American societies within the process of colonization and development of the territories of both countries. Based on anthropological, historical and sociological studies, particular results were obtained: there are significant differences between

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Rahaman, Md Saidur, Syed Muhammod Ali Reza, Md Mizanur Rahman, and Md Solaiman Chowdhury. "A deplorable community in Bangladesh: tea garden workers." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 15, no. 4 (2021): 548–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2020-0176.

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Purpose Throughout history, tea garden workers are treated as slaves of employers and live an inhuman life in modern society. This paper aims to provide an account of the deplorable community (workers) of the tea garden in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a mixed-method research approach to conduct this study. In the first stage, using a semi-structured questionnaire, Focus group discussions (FGDs) were done by forming two groups from two districts to get a clear picture of the tea garden workers’ living standards in Bangladesh. Based on the findings of the FGD, the res

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Julia, M. Puaschunder. "On Artificial Intelligence's Razor's Edge: On the Future of Democracy and Society in the Artificial Age." Journal of Economics and Business 2, no. 1 (2019): 100–119. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1992.02.01.71.

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The introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our contemporary society imposes historically unique challenges for humankind. The emerging autonomy of AI holds unique potentials of the eternal life of robots, AI and algorithms alongside unprecedented economic superiority, data storage, and computational advantages. However, the introduction of AI to society also raises ethical questions. What is the social impact of robots, algorithms, blockchain and AI entering the workforce and our daily lives on the economy and human society? Should AI become eternal or is there a virtue in switching o

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Dr., Harkirat Singh. "The Colonial Period: Its Impact on Indians in Malaya and Burma." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 3, no. 6 (2022): 32–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7404359.

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The history of migration in India is among the most diverse and complex in the world. South-East Asia is closely linked to the colonial history of the arrival, distribution and settlement of Indians. As a result of British colonial rule over the Indian subcontinent, Indians were able to move to Burma and Malaya. The majority arrived as labrouring classes, while the minority came as workers and businessmen, and many Indian revolutionaries fled The object of the present study is to explore the historical, social, economic, political and cultural dimensions of the Indians who moved to the Malaya

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Dr., Harkirat Singh. "The Colonial Period: Its Impact on Indians in Malaya and Burma." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 3, no. 6 (2022): 32–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7420973.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The history of migration in India is among the most diverse and complex in the world. South-East Asia is closely linked to the colonial history of the arrival, distribution and settlement of Indians. As a result of British colonial rule over the Indian subcontinent, Indians were able to move to Burma and Malaya. The majority arrived as labrouring classes, while the minority came as workers and businessmen, and many Indian revolutionaries fled The object of the present study is to explore the historical, social, economic, political and cultural dimensions of the Indian

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Pozzer, Katia Maria Paim. "WORTH 5 SILVER SHEKELS: SLAVERY IN MESOPOTAMIAN'S PRIVATE ARCHIVES." Heródoto: Revista do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre a Antiguidade Clássica e suas Conexões Afro-asiáticas 1, no. 1 (2016): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31669/herodoto.v1i1.30.

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We propose a reflection about the theme of slavery, from the study of the archives of an important businessman in the city of Larsa, in the south Mesopotamian, named Ubar-Šamaš, during the reign of King Rîm-Sîn (1822-1763 BCE). This merchant exercised relevant economic activities, such as buying and selling land in urban and rural areas, silver loans and slave trade. In paleobabylonian society, slave labor did not occupy an important role in the economy, and the conditions of the trade of servantswere directly linked to political conditions, such as war and its economic and social consequences

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Hopper, Matthew S. "Globalization and the Economics of African Slavery in Arabia in the Age of Empire." Journal of African Development 12, no. 1 (2010): 155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.12.1.0155.

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Abstract This paper examines the economic conditions that generated demand for slave labor in Arabia in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. The existing historiography has tended to emphasize a cultural or religious basis for slavery in the region, ignoring the expanding global markets for Arabian commodities that fueled demand for slave labor. This paper argues that growing markets for Arabian pearls and dates in Europe and North America helped drive the slave trade from east Africa to eastern Arabia and the Gulf. Globalization helped spread Arabian commodities to markets aroun

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Hogerzeil, Simon J., and David Richardson. "Slave Purchasing Strategies and Shipboard Mortality: Day-to-Day Evidence from the Dutch African Trade, 1751–1797." Journal of Economic History 67, no. 1 (2007): 160–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205070700006x.

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The mortality of enslaved Africans in the Atlantic crossing has long preoccupied historians but the relationship between slave traders' purchasing strategies and slave mortality rates in transit has escaped close investigation. We address these issues by using records of 39 eighteenth-century voyages of the Dutch Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie. These allow shipboard mortality rates of enslaved Africans to be estimated. They also reveal previously un-noticed age- and gender-based variations in slave purchase and mortality patterns, which in turn shed light on the relative importance of Afri

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Ribeiro da Silva, Filipa. "The slave trade and the development of the Atlantic Africa port system, 1400s–1800s." International Journal of Maritime History 29, no. 1 (2017): 138–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871416679116.

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Scholarly work on the transatlantic slave trade has tended to focus on the volume, conditions and the profits of this hideous commerce and its demographic, economic and social impact on the coastal areas of Atlantic Africa. Much has therefore been published about the history of specific ports and coastal regions, but still little is known about the contribution of the slave trade to the overall formation and shaping of the Atlantic Africa port system and its regional port sub-systems, the links between various ports, their commercial struggles, and the variable factors that conditioned changes

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Kabat, Marina, Agustina Desalvo, and Julia Egan. "The Tip of the Iceberg: Media Coverage of “Slave Labor” in Argentina." Latin American Perspectives 44, no. 6 (2017): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x17699909.

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The Argentina media often report “slave labor” conditions in clothing production and seed nurseries. A critical assessment of the types of coercion (economic and noneconomic) that hold workers under these brutal conditions indicates that instances of extraeconomic coercion are merely the extreme manifestation of a general situation in which economic coercion predominates. The determinants of the deterioration of working conditions in these two sectors include relative overpopulation and technological backwardness. Los medios habitualmente refieren en a las condiciones laborales en los talleres

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Barauna, Bruno Diego, Danielle Antunes De Oliveira, and Maria Lucia Figueiredo Gomes De Meza. "Bringing to light the shackles of the past: reflections on labor under conditions analogous to slavery in the context of SDG 8." CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES 17, no. 2 (2024): e4095. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/revconv.17n.2-104.

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The effective implementation of the SDGs requires coordinated action among governments, the private sector, civil society, and other stakeholders, along with comprehensive mobilization of financial, technological, and human resources. It is crucial to integrate economic, social, and environmental aspects to achieve the objectives of the 2030 Agenda. This qualitative article, utilizing literature review and document analysis, examines challenges and progress related to SDG 8 fulfillment in the Brazilian context, identifying factors impacting the effective eradication of slave-like labor and pro

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Ducap, Vania Maria Britto Cunha Lopes, Caio Gonçalves da Silva e. Silva, and Eduardo Linhares Qualharini. "Water-Insensitive City." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 19, no. 5 (2025): e012369. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v19n5-084.

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Introduction: Despite the great importance of rivers for human survival, as a source of water for human and animal consumption, a source of food, a means of transportation and leisure, and a scenic value, the situation of these bodies of water has been neglected in several countries. Despite the renaturalization measures found in some rivers, smaller rivers have been neglected and made invisible in a systemic logic of adapting nature to political and economic interests. Such insensitivity to water is notable in the State of Rio de Janeiro, where the basins of the largest urban centers are thos

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Gračanin, Hrvoje, and Nebojša Kartalija. "Neka razmatranja o gospodarstvu Zapadnog Ilirika od IV do VI stoljeća / Some Considerations on the Economy of Western Illyricum from the Fourth to Sixth Centuries." Journal of BATHINVS Association ACTA ILLYRICA / Godišnjak Udruženja BATHINVS ACTA ILLYRICA Online ISSN 2744-1318, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 335–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54524/2490-3930.2018.335.

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The paper examines a number of aspects of the late antique economy in the provinces of the Diocese of Pannonia from the fourth to sixth centuries. Particular attention is paid to two southern Pannonian provinces and Dalmatia. The aim is to outline general economic trends, especially in regard to how the political, ethnic and demographic changes affected economic conditions during this period. Written sources are in the main focus for the analysis, while, at the same time, their randomness and tendency are borne in mind. The observations derived from written sources are attempted to be meaningf

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Khapchaev, Sultan Talasovich Kokorev Vladimir Gennadievich. "SLAVERY AND SLAVE-OWNING LAND PLANTATIONS IN NORTH AMERICA IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL-LEGAL TRANSFORMATIONS." Agrarian History 12, 2022 (December 31, 2022): 110–22. https://doi.org/10.52270/27132447_2022_12_110.

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In this article, the authors examine the emergence and evolution of slavery in the territory of the modern United States in the context of socio-economic, political and legal realities. Particular emphasis is placed on the imprint the institution of slavery left on land use and land management. The authors proceed from the fact that the mechanisms for the implementation of forced labor on the plantations of the New World were extremely diverse: from centralized brigades to systems of individual tasks, approaching piece work. Based on the data obtained during the study, it is concluded that whe

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Persky, Joseph. "Retrospectives: Ceteris Paribus." Journal of Economic Perspectives 4, no. 2 (1990): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.4.2.187.

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In Webster's Dictionary is an example of how to use “ceteris paribus “: [S]taple-growing states are, ceteris paribus, more favorable to slave labor than manufacturing states.” I suspect it would take a minor treatise to elucidate fully the ceteris paribus conditions here. And once this was done, it would be doubtful that holding all these cetera constant would have much analytical meaning. Unfortunately, this is always the potential problem with the expression. In too many cases one is unsure of exactly what restraints are being imposed and by what authority the exercise is legitimated. Fittin

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Ximenes, Catiane, Aline Setubal, and Paulo Oliveira. "P-338 ANALOGOUS SLAVE LABOR IN BRAZIL: A COMPLEX REALITY TO BE ANALYZED BY OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0945.

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Abstract Introduction The interest in work throughout the production chain brought about by Industry 5.0 can contribute to combating forms of labor exploitation. Occupational health is a tool that has technical and scientific foundations to help with this problem. Objectives: To draw up a profile of analogous slave labor in Brazil. Methods Using the websites of the Ministry of Labor, Social Security, the Public Ministry of Labor, RadarSIT and SmartLab, it was possible to trace the profile of analogous slave labor in Brazil. The paper Industry 5.0 Towards a sustainable, human-centered and resil

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Montoya, Oscar Danilo, Walter Gil-González, and Jesus C. Hernández. "Efficient Integration of Fixed-Step Capacitor Banks and D-STATCOMs in Radial and Meshed Distribution Networks Considering Daily Operation Curves." Energies 16, no. 8 (2023): 3532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083532.

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The problem regarding the optimal integration of efficient reactive power compensation in radial and meshed distribution networks using fixed-step capacitor banks and distribution static compensators (D-STATCOMs) is addressed in this research paper by proposing a master–slave optimization methodology. Radial and meshed distribution topologies are considered for the grid structure while including variable active and reactive demand curves. An economic analysis is performed, considering the net present value of the optimization plan, as well as the costs of energy losses and the capacitor banks’

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Kalashnyk, Mariya. "Transformation of views on slavery in the Atlantic region: Aspects of economy, culture, and society." EUROPEAN CHRONICLE 9, no. 1 (2024): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59430/euch/1.2024.05.

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The relevance of the study is conditioned by the connection of the topic of slavery in the modern world with social rules, because it helps to understand the challenges and problems associated with racism, inequality, and social justice. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to explore the development of economic, cultural, and social life in the Atlantic region during the spread and after the abolition of slavery. The leading methods of investigating this problem are cultural and historical analysis, comparison, classification, synthesis, historical approach, deduction, and generalisat

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MORAIS, Leucivaldo Carneiro, Priscila Elise Alves VASCONCELOS, Leonardo Soares CANGIRANA, Larissa dos Santos Barros TSUJI, and Edilene Virgulina CARDOSO. "RURAL WORKERS IN BRAZIL: THE INCREASE OF SITUATION ANALOGOUS TO SLAVERY." Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA) 15, no. 43 (2023): 313–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8148823.

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Contemporary slavery, where workers are found living in conditions akin to slavery. In this regard, this study aimed to analyze data on rural workers who fit into this situation between the period from 1995 to 2022. This work consists of a literature review conducted through searches in the electronic databases of Web of Science, Scopus, and the Ministry of Labor and Employment Treatment and Analysis: SmartLAb, in May 2023. The results revealed that the majority of workers are young men aged up to 29, representing 46.74% of rescued workers, with low educational attainment. 34% reported having

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Ismard, Paulin. "Writing the History of Slavery: Between Comparatism and Global History." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 72, no. 1 (2017): 5–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ahsse.2019.1.

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Should we consider, along with the great specialist Patrick Manning, that “the field of slavery studies has become a model of comparatism in social and economic history”? This depends on what we mean by the term “comparatism,” which has come to denote approaches as different in their methods as they are varied, and even contradictory, in their goals. Since the end of the 1990s, the global history of slavery has highlighted the epistemological naivety of a certain comparatist tradition that understands slavery from the perspective of its institutions, and not as a dynamic process resulting from

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Сухова and E. Sukhova. "The Study of the Specific Family Interactions in Families with Low Social Status and Recommendations for Adaptation in the Workplace." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 4, no. 5 (2015): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14946.

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Specialist in personnel management in the modern socio-economic conditions should be able to prevent conflicts and to assist adaptation in the workplace for new employees. To do this you must navigate to the personal qualities and characteristics of emotional response. Personal characteristics and specific features of family education and interaction in families with low social status reflected in the literature are insufficient, which may cause difficulties for specialist staff. With the help of the «Family Environmental Scale» was studied the specificity of family interacti

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Liu, Junjun, Yong Geng, Biao Chen, and Xiqiang Xia. "The Effect of a Supplier’s Eco-Design on the Economic Benefits of a Supply Chain and Associated Coordination." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 13357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413357.

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The eco-design of upstream suppliers can reduce the environmental impact from the production process for downstream customers. To analyze the effect of suppliers’ eco-design on the economic benefits of up-downstream supply chain and the mechanisms, this study constructed a master–slave game theory model for a supplier and a manufacturer. Based on this game theory model, this study comparatively analyzes the effects on raw material/part prices, retail product prices, sale volume, revenue, and eco-design effort level under three conditions (no eco-design, decentralized decision-making with eco-d

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Rahman, Fathu, Inka Khairunnisa, and M. Amir P. "The Social Condition of the 19th Century British Society Depicted in Jane Austen’s Mansfield Park Novel." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 11, no. 12 (2023): 1628–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i12.sh02.

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This study delves into the nuanced portrayal of 19th-century British society within Jane Austen's novel "Mansfield Park," employing Lucien Goldmann's Genetic Structuralism as a theoretical lens. Through a meticulous examination of themes such as marriage as a financial transaction, educational disparities, social stratification, and implicit references to the institution of slavery, the research sheds light on the intricate layers of societal divisions and cultural norms prevalent in the Regency era. By analyzing textual excerpts and applying critical scrutiny, this article investigates the mu

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Xiang, Hui, Xiao Liao, Yanjie Wang, et al. "A Tri-Level Transaction Method for Microgrid Clusters Considering Uncertainties and Dynamic Hydrogen Prices." Energies 17, no. 21 (2024): 5497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215497.

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The advancement of hydrogen technology and rising environmental concerns have shifted research toward renewable energy for green hydrogen production. This study introduces a novel tri-level transaction methodology for microgrid clusters, addressing uncertainties and price fluctuations in hydrogen. We establish a comprehensive microgrid topology with distributed power generation and hydrogen production facilities. A polygonal uncertainty set method quantifies wind and solar energy uncertainties, while an enhanced interval optimization technique refines the model. We integrate a sophisticated de

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Taylor, Christopher S. "The Emigrant Ambassadors: a foundation for present-day Black Liberation." Race & Class 63, no. 4 (2022): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063968221083801.

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In this polemical commentary on Canada, the author argues for the recognition of the crucial role played by West Indian, particularly Barbadian, women – Emigrant Ambassadors − of the 1950s and ’60s who fought in Canada against their supposed subordination in the West Indian Domestic Scheme so as to establish Black women at the forefront of a liberatory struggle and create the conditions on which the present Black Lives Matter Millennials can now build. Using the examples of Jean Augustine (first Black member of Parliament) and Mia Mottley (Barbados’ prime minister), who fought the ordained de-

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