To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: SLC.
Journal articles on the topic 'SLC'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'SLC.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sari, Dyah Puspita, Ranti Novia, and J. Juniarti. "EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN MANGGIS DAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGANNYA DI KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
Pauh District was chosen as mangosteen plantation development centre in Padang City. This development should be based on the land suitability so that the mangosteen plant are able to grow according to the climate and soil conditions. This research was conducted in Pauh District, Padang City and Soil Science Laboratory Andalas University. This study used a survey method that consisted of preparation, pre-survey, the main surveiy, laboratory analysis, and data processing. Evaluation of land suitability was done with matching method which compare the characteristics of land suitability for mangosteen growth. The results of research showed that land suitability for mangosteen was classified into S3 (marginally suitable) with subclass S3nr for land unit SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4, SL7, SL8, SL9, SL11, SL15; subclass S3eh for land unit SL14; subclass S3nr,eh for land unit SL5 and SL10. Land unit SL6, SL12, SL13, and SL16 were classified into S2 (moderately suitable) with subclass S2wa,nr for land unit SL6 and SL16; subclass S2wa,rc,nr,eh for land unit SL12; subclass S2wa,rc,nr for land unit SL13. The limiting factors was common to each land unit were nutrient retention (nr) and erosion (eh). There are 3 villages (Lambung Bukit, Limau Manis, and South Limau Manis) in Pauh District which have the greatest potential to be developed as mangosteen plantation development areas with total area was 5,862.42 ha.
2
Qiu, Jiajing, Xiaoli Wang, Mohamed E. Salama, and Ronald Hoffman. "Characterization and Isolation of Splenic Littoral Cells, a Possible Cellular Niche for Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in Myelofibrosis." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3594.3594.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Splenic littoral cells (LC) line the venous sinusoids of the human spleen and have been thought to act as blood cells filters. Little is known about SLCs beyond their preliminary characterization using immunochemistry and electron microscopy by others. Since SLCs comprise a significant portion of spleen, we hypothesized that SLC might be an important component of the splenic microenvironment that contributes to the development of extramedullary hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis (MF) patients. To further phenotypically characterize viable SLCs, surgically removed fresh spleens were treated with collagenase B and the hematopoietic cells were depleted using anti-CD45 micro-beads. The enriched CD45- cells were then stained and analyzed on a FACS analyzer. The SLCs were i, CD3-, CD45-, CD34-, CD8a+, CD31+ (Figure 1), ii, CD206+, CD21-, CD14-, FHOD1+, SIRP1a+, a phenotype identical to that previously reported based on IHC. SLCs and SECs were then identified by IHC in the red pulp of healthy individuals and MF patients using anti- CD8a and CD34 antibodies. SLCs were much more abundant than ECs in normal spleens. MF SLCs were however, much less condensed due to the expansion of hematopoietic cells than normal SLCs and the sinusoids encircled by SLCs were more elongated and had a more irregular shape as compared to normal spleen (Figure 2). To isolate the viable SLC and EC, fresh or cryopreserved spleen single cell suspensions were prepared as above and were FACS sorted for CD3-, CD45-, CD34-, CD8a+, CD31+ SLCs and CD3-, CD45-, CD34+, CD8a-, CD31+ SECs. The SSC/FSC profiles revealed two cell populations which could be distinguished by size and complexity, SLC being bigger and less uniform in size and shape. The CD31 signal intensity was greater in SEC than in SLC. The gene expression profiles of FACS sorted SLC, SEC and mononuclear cells (MNCs) were analyzed using human genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays. DAVID Functional Annotation Clustering was applied to identify enriched gene clusters in selected lists. MNCs were significantly different from both SLC and EC, which expressed several clusters of genes involved in cell morphology, adhesion, and blood vessel formation. This indicated that SLCs were not closely related to myeloid cells but share features with SEC. SLC could however be differentiated from SEC by expression of genes involved in chromatin modification and regulation of RAS protein signaling, as well as intravesicle transportation genes, which may be related to their assumed capacity for phagocytosis. In addition SLC expressed many cytokines and adhesion molecules known to support hematopoiesis. Transcripts for various cytokines expressed by SEC and SLC were, however, distinct suggesting that they might serve as niches for different subpopulations of HSC/HPC. Preliminary microarray analysis of SLCs from an MF patient was also performed. Genes associated with apoptosis, intracellular lumens were upregulated as well as a cluster of genes in the cancer pathway. Cell cycle genes, genes of transcription regulation, and proteolysis were down-regulated in MF SLCs. Sorted SLC were also cultured in EC medium (ECM). The cultured SLCs were able to be repeatedly passaged. These cells were wide and spindle shaped. At a lower density, the cells tended to connect and organize into rings with a hollow space in the middle which resembled a splenic sinusoid. Immunostaining for CD8a and FHOD1 were conducted on these cultured cells, revealing that they continued to express these two markers. Interestingly, the expression of FHOD1, a stress fiber inducing protein was strongly polarized. To determine the relationship between SLC and the MF malignant clone SLCs from MF patients were isolated and assayed for JAK2V617F using allele specific NESTED PCR. Samples from three MF patients, were analyzed and no JAK2V617F was detected. In conclusion, we have isolated, cultured and characterized SLCs from normal and MF spleens for the first time. This will allow for further analysis of their function in normal individuals and individuals with blood diseases. Figure 1. FACS sorting strategies A. CD45- CD3- CD34- CD8a+ CD31+ for SLC; CD45- CD3- CD34+ CD8a- CD31+ for SEC B. SEC and SLC are separate populations by size and complexity C. CD31, CD8a profile of SEC and SLC Figure 1. FACS sorting strategies. / A. CD45- CD3- CD34- CD8a+ CD31+ for SLC; CD45- CD3- CD34+ CD8a- CD31+ for SEC. / B. SEC and SLC are separate populations by size and complexity. / C. CD31, CD8a profile of SEC and SLC Figure 2. Immuno-double staining of SLC and SEC, CD8 (brown), CD34 (red) A. Normal spleen B. MF spleen Figure 2. Immuno-double staining of SLC and SEC, CD8 (brown), CD34 (red). / A. Normal spleen. / B. MF spleen Disclosures Salama: Promedior: Consultancy.
3
Rupp, Christopher C., Timothy M. Farrell, and Anthony A. Meyer. "Single Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Using a “Two-Port” Technique Is Safe and Feasible: Experience in 101 Consecutive Patients." American Surgeon 77, no. 7 (July 2011): 916–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481107700731.
Full textAbstract:
Single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is a new minimally-invasive technique that has recently been developed to address several disease processes of the gallbladder. However, the safety and feasibility of this technique are still being evaluated. Utilizing a “two-port” technique with transabdominal suture retraction and a rigorous adherence to the critical view of safety, we evaluated our experience in a prospectively maintained database and compared this with standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SLC) over the same period. SILC was completed successfully in 87 per cent of patients. Operative times were found to be similar between SLC and SILC (75 and 76 minutes, respectively; P = 0.12). Operative blood loss, hospital stay, and short-term complications were not statistically different between SILC and SLC. Cholangiograms, obtained on a selective basis, were performed in 19 per cent of SILCs. No bile duct injuries occurred during SILC or SLC. Although our aggregate number is not enough to accurately assess the rate or safety of bile duct injuries, SILC seems to be safe and feasible when evaluating other metrics and does not seem to interfere with operative efficiency compared with SLC.
4
Farina, A., L. Timmoneri, and R. Tosini. "Cascading SLB and SLC devices." Signal Processing 45, no. 2 (August 1995): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1684(95)00056-j.
Full text
5
Kumar, Sanjay, and Zahir Ahmad. "Single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to the standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20191275.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Efforts to improve outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy heralded the advent of single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy with respect to time required for surgery, postoperative pain, morbidity and complications.Methods: This comparative randomized study was conducted in M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi among 124 patients. 74 patients were included in the three port laparoscopic cholecystectomy group and 50 in the single port laparoscopic cholecystectomy group. Informed consent was taken. All patients were operated under general anesthesia. Statistical analysis was using independent t-test and chi- square test.Results: The mean operative time was slightly longer in SILC (group I) as compared to CLC/SLC (group II). Postoperative pain on VAS scale in group I after 6 hours (1st day score) was 2.44 in group I and 2.73 in group II (CLC/SLC). But on 2nd day in SILC 1.40 and in CLC/SLC it was 1.81. In SILC (group I) 4 patients out of 50 (8%) developed seroma and 2 patients out of 50 (4%) developed Biliary peritonitis due to the slipped dip. And in SLC/CLC (group II) 3 patients out of 74 (4.05%) developed seroma.Conclusions: SILC can be an effective alternative to traditional CLC/SLC, with the added benefit of minimized scarring and a shorter length of stay. This technique can be performed safely for patients with a multitude of gallbladder diseases without resulting in additional complications.
6
Ganchev, G., A. Saroglu, and A. Julianov. "TRANSUMBILICAL LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY VERSUS STANDARD 4-PORT LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY – RESULTS FROM PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL AND 7 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP." Trakia Journal of Sciences 18, Suppl.1 (2020): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.017.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a standard of care for patients with benign gallbladder disease. Recently single-incision techniques gained popularity in order to decrease surgical trauma and to improve cosmetic results and patient satisfaction. The aim of this study is to compare the results of our own modification of transumbilical cholecystectomy versus standard 4-port cholecystectomy in patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease. METHODS: 80 patients (14 male, 66 female) at a mean age of 35±2,5 years (range 18-80) were randomly assigned to either standard 4-port cholecystectomy (n=40) or transumbilical cholecystectomy (n=40). Operative times, intraoperative complications, conversion rate, postoperative complications, pain, vomiting and cosmetic results were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The total mean operative time in the SILC group was 43.63 ± 7.49 min., while in the SLC group it was 37.95 ±8.06 min., (p=0.002). Intraoperative complications and conversions were not recorded in this series. The mean postoperative pain assessed by VAS was: at 6th hour 3.35 (2-5) vs. 3.53 (2-6) (p=0.439), at 24th hour 2.58 (1-4) vs. 2.2 (1-5) (p=0.04), at 48th hour 1.63 (1-3) vs. 1.78 (1-5) (p=0.544). The mean 10-point pain scores for SILC patients at 6 hours was 5.78 (3-9) vs. 6.33 (1-10) in SLC (p=0.161), at 24 hours 4.05 (1-7) vs. 3.58 (1-5) (p=0.122), at 48 hour 2.83 (1-5) vs. 2.4 (1-5) (p=0.093). Postoperative vomiting was observed in 2 (5%) of patients with SILC and 3 (7.5%) of those with SLC by the end of the second hour after surgery. In the early postoperative period up to 72h, no complications were reported. In the late postoperative period up to 7 years 1 (2.5%) operative wound surgery in the area of umbilical incision was reported in the SLC group and the presence of an umbilical hernia in 2 (5%) of patients with SILC. Results of the cosmetic result evaluation at the end of the first month - Body Image Score - mean score of 10.35 ± 1.48 (min. 7, max. 12) for SILC and 10.38 ± 1.41 (min. 6, max. 13) for SLC (p = 0.776). Cosmetic score - mean of the sum of points 20 ± 1,87 (min.17-max. 24) for SILC and 19.08 ± 2,1 (min. 14-max. 23) for SLC (p = 0,577). On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is "very ugly" and 10 is "almost imperceptible" (question N8), the mean for patients in the SILC group is 8.3 ± 0.79 (min. 7-max. 10) and at SLC 7.93 ± 0.73 (min. 6-max. 9) (p = 0.125). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that both transumbilical cholecystectomy and standard 4-port cholecystectomy are equally safe and effective in the treatment of uncomplicated gallstone disease.
7
van Wienen, Marjet, Anders Johannisson, Margareta Wallgren, Joyce Parlevliet, and Jane M. Morrell. "Single Layer Centrifugation with Androcoll-P Can Be Scaled-Up to Process Larger Volumes of Boar Semen." ISRN Veterinary Science 2011 (November 29, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/548385.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to scale-up the procedure for Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) through AndrocollTM-P, as a preliminary step towords processing the whole ejaculate. The first experiment compared Single Layer Centrifugation using 4.5 mL and 15 mL extended ejaculate (SLC-4.5 and SLC-15, resp.), assessing sperm quality by objective motility analysis, morphology, viability, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the second experiment, SLC-4.5 was compared to Single Layer Centrifugation with 25 mL extended ejaculate (SLC-25) using motility analysis and morphology. In both experiments, normal morphology and linear motility were significantly higher in the SLC-selected samples than in the uncentrifuged controls (P<.001), whereas total motility and membrane integrity were unchanged. Although ROS production was higher in the SLC-selected samples than in the controls (P<.01), this might have been due to the presence of antioxidants in seminal plasma in the latter. In conclusion, there was no difference in sperm quality between SLC-4.5 and SLC-15 samples, or between SLC-4.5 and SLC-25 samples, indicating that the SLC method can be scaled-up successfully.
8
Gálvez, M. J., I. Ortiz, M. Hidalgo, J. M. Morrell, and J. Dorado. "Should single layer centrifugation of dog semen be done before or after the semen is cooled?" Veterinary Record 176, no. 14 (February 4, 2015): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.102806.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of sperm selection by single layer centrifugation (SLC) on canine sperm quality when SLC was performed before or after the cooling process, or when double SLC (before and after cooling) was performed. Twenty ejaculates from four dogs were divided into four aliquots as follows: unselected: no SLC was performed; SLC prior to cooling (SLC-PC): sperm selection was carried out before cooling; SLC after cooling (SLC-AC): sperm selection was performed after cooling; and double SLC: sperm selection was carried out before and after cooling. Sperm motility (by computer-assisted semen analysis), morphology (Diff-Quick staining), sperm membrane integrity (Vital-Test kit) and acrosome integrity (double fluorescent stain) were assessed in re-warmed semen samples. Four sperm subpopulations (sP) were detected using a pattern analysis technique (sP1: highly active, non-progressive; sP2: low velocity, highly progressive; sP3: less vigorous, poorly progressive; sP4: highly progressive motility). A higher proportion of sperm were classified as sP4 in SLC-AC samples. Most of the sperm parameters assessed showed higher values in the SLC-AC group. We conclude that SLC-AC is the best protocol to improve sperm quality in chilled canine semen in comparison to the other procedures tested.
9
Loew, G. A., M. A. Allen, R. L. Cassel, N. R. Dean, G. T. Konrad, R. F. Koontz, and J. V. Lebacqz. "The SLC Energy Upgrade Program at SLAC." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 32, no. 5 (October 1985): 2748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1985.4334168.
Full text
10
Khopin, P. N. "On the Friction Mechanisms and Assessment of Tribological Characteristics of Solid Lubricant Coatings of Various Application Methods." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 4 (745) (April 2022): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2022-4-73-86.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the wear dynamics of solid lubricant coatings (SLC) of suspension, magnetron-high-frequency and diffusion methods of application. Calculated dependences are presented to assess the tribotechnical characteristics of the SLC. It was found that the service life of SLC based on MoS2 HF application in the considered ranges of surface temperature variations differs slightly from the that of SLC suspension application VNII NP 212. The wear of diffusion SLC M804 (Dimolit-4) in the steady-state friction mode is 34 µm. The wear rate of diffusion SLC М804 under vacuum conditions at a sliding speed of V = 0.2 m/s with the increase in contact pressure from 1 to 8 MPa increases by a factor of 2 and is on average 4.5 times higher than that of friction pairs with SLC VNII NP 212. Anti-friction characteristics of diffusion SLC in steady state friction modes at temperatures up to 600 °C were slightly higher than the similar characteristics for SLC with a binder. With an increase in heating temperatures to the limiting value of 800 °C, the friction coefficient of the diffusion SLC M801 and M810 (based on NbS2) decreases to the values of ffr = 0.03–0.04.
11
Al-Madhagi, Isam, and Hossam Al-Sharagi. "Schinus molle Leaves Compost Improves the Growth, Quality and Productivity of Strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa Duch) in Potting Culture." Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research 7 (August 2019): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/jhpr.7.26.
Full textAbstract:
Schinus molle leaves, compost (SLC) incorporated with soil at different volume rates contrasted with control (soil alone), intending to improve and stimulating strawberry growth. Anecdotal accounts of SLC for these purposes the experiment has examined the impacts of SLC on strawberry growth and production responses. This research assessed the impacts of a six volume% (v: v) rates of SLC combined with soil at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 of growing medium (field soil). The pots RCBD experiment included four replicates designed at the faculty of agriculture, Sana’a University. Plants cultivated in 20% SLC was significantly (p<0.05) greater than control (field soil) in leaf area, yield, fruit weight and crown DM% by about 12.8% 25.8%, 20.4% and 101.6% subsequently. Meanwhile, transplants grown in 80 and 100% SLC developed the highest quantity of crowns and longer of peduncle. Transplants grown in 60% SLC was the poorest of flower number per plant measured with other treatments. Plants in 100% SLC showed the significantly downer of a DM% in the roots and crown parts 65.3% and 82.7% lower than control, respectively, nevertheless, composed the significantly greater 50.4% of fruit TSS than the control treatment. The variation between the SLC rates on the root characters showed that the 100% SLC increased the roots network volume cm3, root length cm2 root surface area cm2, specific root length cm. This study illustrates the benefit of that application SLC.
12
Aldawsari, Mohammed F., Md Khalid Anwer, Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed, Farhat Fatima, Gamal A. Soliman, Saurabh Bhatia, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, and M. Ali Aboudzadeh. "Enhanced Dissolution of Sildenafil Citrate Using Solid Dispersion with Hydrophilic Polymers: Physicochemical Characterization and In Vivo Sexual Behavior Studies in Male Rats." Polymers 13, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 3512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13203512.
Full textAbstract:
Sildenafil citrate (SLC) is a frequently used medication (Viagra®) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Due to its poor solubility, SLC suffers from a delayed onset of action and poor bioavailability. Hence, the aim of the proposed work was to prepare and evaluate solid dispersions (SDs) with hydrophilic polymers (Kolliphor® P188, Kollidon® 30, and Kollidon®-VA64), in order to enhance the dissolution and efficacy of SLC. The SLC-SDs were prepared using a solvent evaporation method (at the ratio drug/polymer, 1:1, w/w) and characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), drug content, yield, and in vitro release studies. Based on this evaluation, SDs (SLC-KVA64) were optimized, with a maximum release of drug (99.74%) after 2 h for all the developed formulas. The SDs (SLC-KVA64) were further tested for sexual behavior activity in male rats, and significant enhancements in copulatory efficiency (81.6%) and inter-copulatory efficiency (44.9%) were noted in comparison to the pure SLC drug, when exposed to the optimized SLC-KVA64 formulae. Therefore, SD using Kollidon®-VA64 could be regarded as a potential strategy for improving the solubility, in vitro dissolution, and therapeutic efficacy of SLC.
13
Singh, Raghvendra, and P. Rama Chandra Prasad. "Interpolation Of Data Gaps Of SLC-Off Landsat ETM+ Images Using Algorithm Based On The Differential Operators." Journal of Applied Computer Science Methods 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jacsm-2015-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The scan-line corrector (SLC) of the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor failed in May 2003, and this abnormal functioning of SLC resulted in about 22% of the pixels per scene without being scanned. By filling the un-scanned gap by a good technique will help in more use of ETM+ data for many scientific applications. While there have been a number of approaches developed to fill in the data gaps in ETM+ imagery, each method has shortcomings, especially they require SLC-on (images acquired before SLC-off anomaly) imagery for the same location to fill the gaps in SLC-off (images acquired after SLC anomaly) image. To overcome such shortcomings this study proposes an alternative interpolation method based on the partial derivative. This case study shows that this technique is very much useful to interpolate the missing pixel values in the SLC-off ETM+ data.
14
Kang, Jung Hun, Soon Il Lee, Do Hyoung Lim, Keon-Woo Park, Sung Yong Oh, Hyuk-Chan Kwon, In Gyu Hwang, et al. "Salvage Chemotherapy for Pretreated Gastric Cancer: A Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Chemotherapy Plus Best Supportive Care With Best Supportive Care Alone." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 13 (May 1, 2012): 1513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.39.4585.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose When designing this trial, there was no evidence that salvage chemotherapy (SLC) in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) resulted in substantial prolongation of survival when compared with best supportive care (BSC). However, SLC is often offered to pretreated patients with AGC for anecdotal reasons. Patients and Methods Patients with AGC with one or two prior chemotherapy regimens involving both fluoropyrimidines and platinum and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) 0 or 1 were randomly assigned in a ratio of 2:1 to SLC plus BSC or BSC alone. Choice of SLC—either docetaxel 60 mg/m2 every 3 weeks or irinotecan 150 mg/m2 every 2 weeks—was left to the discretion of investigators. Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Results Median OS was 5.3 months among 133 patients in the SLC arm and 3.8 months among 69 patients in the BSC arm (hazard ratio, 0.657; 95% CI, 0.485 to 0.891; one-sided P = .007). OS benefit for SLC was consistent in most of the prospectively defined subgroups, including age, PS, number of prior treatments, metastatic sites, hemoglobin levels, and response to prior chemotherapy. SLC was generally well tolerated, and adverse events were similar in the SLC and BSC arms. We found no median OS difference between docetaxel and irinotecan (5.2 v 6.5 months; P = .116). Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the largest phase III trial comparing SLC plus BSC with BSC alone in AGC. In pretreated patients, SLC is tolerated and significantly improves OS when added to BSC.
15
Romero, Jose R., Alicia Rivera, Alessandra Monari, Giulio Ceolotto, Andrea Semplicini, and Paul R. Conlin. "Elevated Na + /Li + Countertransport and Cytosolic Ca 2+ Represent Separate and Distinct Phenotypes in Essential Hypertension." Hypertension 36, suppl_1 (October 2000): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.715-d.
Full textAbstract:
P124 Attempts to understand the pathogenesis of essential hypertension have focused on identifying intermediate phenotypes such as defects in cation metabolism. Elevated red blood cell sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC) activity is frequently present in hypertensive patients. Cytosolic calcium (Ca cyt ) is also elevated in blood cells from hypertensive patients. However, despite their frequent occurrence in hypertensive patients, these two markers of cation homeostasis have not been simultaneously investigated in the same individuals. We studied lymphocyte Ca cyt and red cell SLC activity in hypertensive (n = 43) and normal subjects (n = 22) to determine whether elevated SLC activity and lymphocyte Ca cyt occur in the same individuals. Red cell SLC and lymphocyte Ca cyt were significantly ( P <0.01) higher in the hypertensive patients vs. normotensives. However, SLC activity and Ca cyt were significantly but inversely correlated (r=-0.42, P <0.01). Patients with low Ca cyt (84 ± 5 nM) had elevated SLC (0.41 ± 0.03 mmol/L cell x h, P< 0.05) whereas those with elevated Ca cyt (188 ± 15) had lower SLC (0.32 ± 0.03 mmol/L cell x h, P< 0.05). We then compared both phenotypes to a separate intermediate phenotype, fasting insulin. SLC and fasting insulin levels were significantly and positively correlated (r=0.45, P <0.01), consistent with prior studies showing elevated SLC activity in the setting of hyperinsulinemia. Ca cyt was inversely correlated with fasting insulin (r=-0.55, P <0.001). Individuals with insulin levels above the median (15 mU/ml) had significantly ( P <0.01) higher SLC activity (0.43 ± 0.03 vs . 0.28 ± 0.02 mmol/L cell x h) and significantly ( P =0.017) lower Ca cyt (177 ± 18 vs. 105 ± 8 nM). Thus, elevated SLC activity and elevated lymphocyte Ca cyt are separate and distinct ion transport phenotypes in hypertensive patients, but they are linked through a relationship to hyperinsulinemia that is direct with SLC and inverse with lymphocyte Ca cyt .
16
HERLITZ, Hans, Lena BOKEMARK, Eva-Lena ALENHAG, John WIKSTRAND, and Björn FAGERBERG. "Sodium/lithium countertransport, insulin resistance, insulin peptides and microalbuminuria in clinically healthy 58-year-old men." Clinical Science 100, no. 4 (March 20, 2001): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1000443.
Full textAbstract:
The activity of the erythrocyte transport system, sodium/lithium countertransport (SLC), has been linked to the metabolic syndrome characterized by insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia. We measured SLC and insulin sensitivity with the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp method in a patient sample (n = 93) randomly selected from a large clinically healthy group of 58-year-old men (n = 818). The lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and insulin were also analysed. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in SLC between subjects with the metabolic syndrome (n = 19) and subjects without any components of this syndrome (n = 20). There was a highly significant correlation between SLC and BMI, waist/hip ratio, total body fat mass, serum triglycerides, plasma insulin, proinsulin split products and C-peptide in a univariate analysis. There was also a significant correlation between SLC and insulin sensitivity measured as insulin-mediated glucose uptake (P < 0.01). In multiple regression analysis, only two of the variables showing univariate significance were independently correlated to SLC, i.e. serum triglycerides (P < 0.001) and BMI (P < 0.01). The subjects with a SLC value in the highest tertile had a 6-fold higher prevalence of insulin resistance (low-insulin-mediated glucose uptake) as compared with those with a SLC value in the lowest tertile. We conclude that, in clinically healthy 58-year-old men from the general population, erythrocyte SLC is closely linked to metabolic syndrome, in particular to obesity, triglycerides and insulin resistance.
17
Sweeney, Benjamin, and Austin Becker. "DESIGNING PORT INFRASTUCTURE FOR SEA LEVEL CHANGE: A SURVEY OF ENGINEERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.49.
Full textAbstract:
This work will implement an online survey to gauge the North American port and marine infrastructure engineering community’s attitude and approach to planning for sea level change (SLC) for large-scale port engineering projects in their practice. Results will identify how engineers consider SLC in the design of marine infrastructure and address such questions as: For which types of projects do port and marine infrastructure engineers incorporate SLC considerations into their design? Where does the incentive to add a SLC design component to a project originate from? What levels of SLC do port and marine infrastructure engineers design for? How do the lifespan expectations and time horizons of maritime projects affect SLC considerations? Answers to these questions will provide baseline data that can be used to determine the role that the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and others can play to best provide assistance to the engineering community, as well as for tracking how firms change their approach to incorporating SLC into their designs over time.
18
PRESCOTT, CHARLES Y. "The SLC Program." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 461, no. 1 First Aspen W (March 1986): 476–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb52432.x.
Full text
19
Hanerfeld, H., W. B. Herrmannsfeldt, M. B. James, and R. H. Miller. "SLC Injector Modeling." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 32, no. 5 (1985): 2510–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1985.4333963.
Full text
20
Schaller, Lena, and Volker M. Lauschke. "The genetic landscape of the human solute carrier (SLC) transporter superfamily." Human Genetics 138, no. 11-12 (November 2, 2019): 1359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00439-019-02081-x.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The human solute carrier (SLC) superfamily of transporters is comprised of over 400 membrane-bound proteins, and plays essential roles in a multitude of physiological and pharmacological processes. In addition, perturbation of SLC transporter function underlies numerous human diseases, which renders SLC transporters attractive drug targets. Common genetic polymorphisms in SLC genes have been associated with inter-individual differences in drug efficacy and toxicity. However, despite their tremendous clinical relevance, epidemiological data of these variants are mostly derived from heterogeneous cohorts of small sample size and the genetic SLC landscape beyond these common variants has not been comprehensively assessed. In this study, we analyzed Next-Generation Sequencing data from 141,456 individuals from seven major human populations to evaluate genetic variability, its functional consequences, and ethnogeographic patterns across the entire SLC superfamily of transporters. Importantly, of the 204,287 exonic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) which we identified, 99.8% were present in less than 1% of analyzed alleles. Comprehensive computational analyses using 13 partially orthogonal algorithms that predict the functional impact of genetic variations based on sequence information, evolutionary conservation, structural considerations, and functional genomics data revealed that each individual genome harbors 29.7 variants with putative functional effects, of which rare variants account for 18%. Inter-ethnic variability was found to be extensive, and 83% of deleterious SLC variants were only identified in a single population. Interestingly, population-specific carrier frequencies of loss-of-function variants in SLC genes associated with recessive Mendelian disease recapitulated the ethnogeographic variation of the corresponding disorders, including cystinuria in Jewish individuals, type II citrullinemia in East Asians, and lysinuric protein intolerance in Finns, thus providing a powerful resource for clinical geneticists to inform about population-specific prevalence and allelic composition of Mendelian SLC diseases. In summary, we present the most comprehensive data set of SLC variability published to date, which can provide insights into inter-individual differences in SLC transporter function and guide the optimization of population-specific genotyping strategies in the bourgeoning fields of personalized medicine and precision public health.
21
Campbell, James J., Edward P. Bowman, Kristine Murphy, Kenneth R. Youngman, Michael A. Siani, Darren A. Thompson, Lijun Wu, Albert Zlotnik, and Eugene C. Butcher. "6-C-kine (SLC), a Lymphocyte Adhesion-triggering Chemokine Expressed by High Endothelium, Is an Agonist for the MIP-3β Receptor CCR7." Journal of Cell Biology 141, no. 4 (May 18, 1998): 1053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.141.4.1053.
Full textAbstract:
The β chemokine known as 6-C-kine, secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC), TCA4, or Exodus-2 (herein referred to as 6CK/SLC) can trigger rapid integrin-dependent arrest of lymphocytes rolling under physiological shear and is highly expressed by high endothelial venules, specialized vessels involved in lymphocyte homing from the blood into lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. We show that 6CK/SLC is an agonist for the lymphocyte chemoattractant receptor, CCR7 (EBI-1, BLR-2), previously described as a receptor for the related β chemokine MIP-3β (ELC or Exodus-3). Moreover, 6CK/SLC and MIP-3β attract the same major populations of circulating lymphocytes, including naive and memory T cells > B cells (but not natural killer cells); desensitization to MIP-3β inhibits lymphocyte chemotaxis to 6CK/SLC but not to the α chemokine SDF-1 (stromal cell–derived factor); and 6CK/SLC competes for MIP-3β binding to resting mouse lymphocytes. The findings suggest that the majority of circulating lymphocytes respond to 6CK/SLC and MIP-3β in large part through their common receptor CCR7 and that these molecules may be important mediators of physiological lymphocyte recirculation in vivo.
22
Zhang, Yong, Yuping Zhang, Kun Sun, Ziyi Meng, and Ligong Chen. "The SLC transporter in nutrient and metabolic sensing, regulation, and drug development." Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 11, no. 1 (September 18, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmcb/mjy052.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The prevalence of metabolic diseases is growing worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that solute carrier (SLC) transporters contribute to the etiology of various metabolic diseases. Consistent with metabolic characteristics, the top five organs in which SLC transporters are highly expressed are the kidney, brain, liver, gut, and heart. We aim to understand the molecular mechanisms of important SLC transporter-mediated physiological processes and their potentials as drug targets. SLC transporters serve as ‘metabolic gate’ of cells and mediate the transport of a wide range of essential nutrients and metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, vitamins, neurotransmitters, and inorganic/metal ions. Gene-modified animal models have demonstrated that SLC transporters participate in many important physiological functions including nutrient supply, metabolic transformation, energy homeostasis, tissue development, oxidative stress, host defense, and neurological regulation. Furthermore, the human genomic studies have identified that SLC transporters are susceptible or causative genes in various diseases like cancer, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, immunological disorders, and neurological dysfunction. Importantly, a number of SLC transporters have been successfully targeted for drug developments. This review will focus on the current understanding of SLCs in regulating physiology, nutrient sensing and uptake, and risk of diseases.
23
Marrero, David G., John C. Guare, Julie L. Vandagriff, and Naomi S. Fineberg. "Fear of Hypoglycemia in the Parents of Children and Adolescents With Diabetes: Maladaptive or Healthy Response?" Diabetes Educator 23, no. 3 (June 1997): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572179702300306.
Full textAbstract:
Sixty-one parents of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus completed modified versions of the Hypoglycemic Fear Survey (HFS) and the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) scale. They also indicated their child's history ofhypoglycemic related seizures or loss of consciousness (SLC) events. Parental HFS scores were significantly greater if their child had ever experienced a SLC event or experienced a SLC event within the past year. Parental HFS scores were positively correlated with general parental worry about their child having diabetes. Adolescent children who experienced a SLC event during the past year reported greater HFS scores, greater general worry about diabetes, and a greater negative impact of having diabetes compared with adolescents with no such history. Despite the greater fear of hypoglycemia in prrrents and adolescents, there was no significant difference in HbA1 values between children with or without any history of SLC events or children with or without a SLC event within the past year.
24
Moon, Hanna, Wendy Ruona, and Tom Valentine. "Organizational strategic learning capability: exploring the dimensions." European Journal of Training and Development 41, no. 3 (April 3, 2017): 222–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-08-2016-0061.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose How to build and enhance the strategic learning capability (SLC) of an organization becomes crucial to both research and practice. This study was designed with the purpose to conceptualize SLC by translating and interpreting the related literature to develop empirical dimensions that could be tested and used in a survey instrument. Design/methodology/approach An instrument was developed to identify empirical dimensions of SLC. The reliability and validity of the instrument were tested. Findings The resulting survey instrument included 59 items, and 49 remained after empirical test. Based on responses on a five-point performance scale, SLC items were identified and prioritized, and seven dimensions were discovered: external focus, strategic dialogue, strategic engagement, customer-centric strategy, disciplined imagination, experiential learning and reflective responsiveness. Originality/value The findings of this study extend the knowledge base of multi-disciplines, including strategy management, organizational learning and strategic human resource development (HRD). This study highlights the conceptualization of SLC and importance of the SLC framework in the field of HRD.
25
Tsuzuki, Rin, Rosa María Cabrera Pintado, Jorge Andrés Biondi Thorndike, Dina Lida Gutiérrez Reynoso, Carlos Alberto Amasifuen Guerra, Juan Carlos Guerrero Abad, Liliana Maria Aragón Caballero, et al. "Mutations Found in the Asc1 Gene That Confer Susceptibility to the AAL-Toxin in Ancestral Tomatoes from Peru and Mexico." Plants 10, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010047.
Full textAbstract:
Tomato susceptibility/resistance to stem canker disease caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici and its pathogenic factor AAL-toxin is determined by the presence of the Asc1 gene. Several cultivars of commercial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum, SLL) are reported to have a mutation in Asc1, resulting in their susceptibility to AAL-toxin. We evaluated 119 ancestral tomato accessions including S. pimpinellifolium (SP), S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) and S. lycopersicum var. lycopersicum “jitomate criollo” (SLJ) for AAL-toxin susceptibility. Three accessions, SP PER018805, SLC PER018894, and SLJ M5-3, were susceptible to AAL-toxin. SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 had a two-nucleotide deletion (nt 854_855del) in Asc1 identical to that found in SLL cv. Aichi-first. Another mutation (nt 931_932insT) that may confer AAL-toxin susceptibility was identified in SP PER018805. In the phylogenetic tree based on the 18 COSII sequences, a clade (S3) is composed of SP, including the AAL-toxin susceptible PER018805, and SLC. AAL-toxin susceptible SLC PER018894 and SLJ M5-3 were in Clade S2 with SLL cultivars. As SLC is thought to be the ancestor of SLL, and SLJ is an intermediate tomato between SLC and SLL, Asc1s with/without the mutation seem to have been inherited throughout the history of tomato domestication and breeding.
26
de Winter, Renske C., Thomas J. Reerink, Aimée B. A. Slangen, Hylke de Vries, Tamsin Edwards, and Roderik S. W. van de Wal. "Impact of asymmetric uncertainties in ice sheet dynamics on regional sea level projections." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 12 (December 4, 2017): 2125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-17-2125-2017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Currently a paradigm shift is made from global averaged to spatially variable sea level change (SLC) projections. Traditionally, the contribution from ice sheet mass loss to SLC is considered to be symmetrically distributed. However, several assessments suggest that the probability distribution of dynamical ice sheet mass loss is asymmetrically distributed towards higher SLC values. Here we show how asymmetric probability distributions of dynamical ice sheet mass loss impact the high-end uncertainties of regional SLC projections across the globe. For this purpose we use distributions of dynamical ice sheet mass loss presented by Church et al. (2013), De Vries and Van de Wal (2015) and Ritz et al. (2015). The global average median can be 0.18 m higher compared to symmetric distributions based on IPCC-AR5, but the change in the global average 95th percentile SLC is considerably larger with a shift of 0.32 m. Locally the 90th, 95th and 97.5th SLC percentiles exceed +1.4, +1.6 and +1.8 m. The high-end percentiles of SLC projections are highly sensitive to the precise shape of the probability distributions of dynamical ice sheet mass loss. The shift towards higher values is of importance for coastal safety strategies as they are based on the high-end percentiles of projections.
27
Gan, Qiwen, Xin Wang, Qian Zhang, Qiuyuan Yin, Youli Jian, Yubing Liu, Nan Xuan, et al. "The amino acid transporter SLC-36.1 cooperates with PtdIns3P 5-kinase to control phagocytic lysosome reformation." Journal of Cell Biology 218, no. 8 (June 24, 2019): 2619–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201901074.
Full textAbstract:
Phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells involves formation, maturation, and digestion of cell corpse–containing phagosomes. The retrieval of lysosomal components following phagolysosomal digestion of cell corpses remains poorly understood. Here we reveal that the amino acid transporter SLC-36.1 is essential for lysosome reformation during cell corpse clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. Loss of slc-36.1 leads to formation of phagolysosomal vacuoles arising from cell corpse–containing phagosomes. In the absence of slc-36.1, phagosome maturation is not affected, but the retrieval of lysosomal components is inhibited. Moreover, loss of PPK-3, the C. elegans homologue of the PtdIns3P 5-kinase PIKfyve, similarly causes accumulation of phagolysosomal vacuoles that are defective in phagocytic lysosome reformation. SLC-36.1 and PPK-3 function in the same genetic pathway, and they directly interact with one another. In addition, loss of slc-36.1 and ppk-3 causes strong defects in autophagic lysosome reformation in adult animals. Our findings thus suggest that the PPK-3–SLC-36.1 axis plays a central role in both phagocytic and autophagic lysosome formation.
28
Morrell, J. M., and A. Johannisson. "Comparison of the Effect of Heterologous and Homologous Seminal Plasma on Motility and Chromatin Integrity of Stallion Spermatozoa Selected by Single Layer Centrifugation." Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014 (August 20, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/325451.
Full textAbstract:
The effect on sperm motility and chromatin integrity of adding homologous or heterologous equine seminal plasma (SP) to fresh stallion spermatozoa selected by single layer centrifugation (SLC) was studied. No statistical difference in mean progressive motility was seen after adding SP at time 0 h, although there were differences for individual stallions. The proportion of spermatozoa with high velocity was increased compared to untreated SLC-selected spermatozoa (P<0.05), with significant differences between individuals (P<0.01). When the SLC samples were stored for 24 h before adding SP, a significant increase in mean progressive motility was seen for SLC + homologous SP (P<0.01) and for SLC + heterologous SP (P<0.056). Whether homologous SP or heterologous SP had a greater effect on progressive motility depended on the individual. Adding either type of SP caused a significant increase in chromatin damage compared to SLC after storage for 24 h (homologous SP, P<0.05; heterologous SP, P<0.01). These preliminary data showed that storage of SLC-spermatozoa mixed with SP should be avoided because of the risk of increased chromatin damage. If SP is to be added to take advantage of a transient increase in progressive motility for a particular individual stallion, different combinations of SP and spermatozoa should be tested first to optimize the effect.
29
Karpova, T. S., M. M. Lepetit, and J. A. Cooper. "Mutations that enhance the cap2 null mutant phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae affect the actin cytoskeleton, morphogenesis and pattern of growth." Genetics 135, no. 3 (November 1, 1993): 693–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/135.3.693.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Mutations conferring synthetic lethality in combination with null mutations in CAP2, the gene encoding the beta subunit of capping protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were obtained in a colony color assay. Monogenic inheritance was found for four mutations, which were attributed to three genetic loci. One mutation, sac6-69, is in the gene encoding fimbrin, another actin-binding protein, which was expected because null mutations in SAC6 and CAP2 are known to be synthetic-lethal. The other two loci were designated slc for synthetic lethality with cap2. These loci include the mutations slc1-66, slc1-87 and slc2-107. The slc mutations are semi-dominant, as shown by incomplete complementation in slc/SLC cap2/cap2 heterozygotes. The slc mutations and sac6-69 interact with each other, as shown by enhanced phenotypes in diheterozygotes. Moreover, the haploid slc2-107 sac6-69 double mutant is inviable. In a CAP2 background, the slc mutations lead to temperature and osmotic sensitivity. They alter the distribution of the actin cytoskeleton, including deficits in the presence of actin cables and the polarization of cortical actin patches. The slc mutations also lead to a pseudomycelial growth pattern. Together these results suggest that slc1 and slc2 encode components of the actin cytoskeleton in yeast and that the actin cytoskeleton can regulate the patterns of growth.
30
Gunn, Michael D., Shigeru Kyuwa, Carmen Tam, Terutaka Kakiuchi, Akio Matsuzawa, Lewis T. Williams, and Hideki Nakano. "Mice Lacking Expression of Secondary Lymphoid Organ Chemokine Have Defects in Lymphocyte Homing and Dendritic Cell Localization." Journal of Experimental Medicine 189, no. 3 (February 1, 1999): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.189.3.451.
Full textAbstract:
Secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (SLC) is expressed in high endothelial venules and in T cell zones of spleen and lymph nodes (LNs) and strongly attracts naive T cells. In mice homozygous for the paucity of lymph node T cell (plt) mutation, naive T cells fail to home to LNs or the lymphoid regions of spleen. Here we demonstrate that expression of SLC is undetectable in plt mice. In addition to the defect in T cell homing, we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) fail to accumulate in spleen and LN T cell zones of plt mice. DC migration to LNs after contact sensitization is also substantially reduced. The physiologic significance of these abnormalities in plt mice is indicated by a markedly increased sensitivity to infection with murine hepatitis virus. The plt mutation maps to the SLC locus; however, the sequence of SLC introns and exons in plt mice is normal. These findings suggest that the abnormalities in plt mice are due to a genetic defect in the expression of SLC and that SLC mediates the entry of naive T cells and antigen-stimulated DCs into the T cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs.
31
Antunes, Ana, Ana Barroso, Sara Conde, Sofia Neves, and Barbara Parente. "Is EGFR gene sequencing useful in squamous cell lung cancer?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e18111-e18111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e18111.
Full textAbstract:
e18111 Background: NCCN guidelines for NSCLC, currently do not recommend EGFR gene mutation study in squamous cell carcinoma (SLC), based on its low frequency of mutation (only 3% of SLC) and on the assumed low predictive value of these mutations in this population. Aim: To evaluate EGFR mutation rate in SLC, as well as response to treatment with erlotinib (disease control and survival) of patients with SLC, according to the mutational status of the EGFR gene. Methods: Revision of clinical and pathological features of patients with SLC for which we had performed EGFR sequencing. In the group of SLC patients with stage IIIB//IV at diagnosis treated with erlotinib 150 mg/day after at least one line of chemotherapy, comparison of response to erlotinib – disease control, overall survival (OS) and survival after the introduction of erlotinib (SE) – among the mutated and wild-type EGFR was performed. Results: Between January 2006 and December 2011, 98 patients with SLC were subject to EGFR sequencing – 89 males, 9 females; mean age 66.2 ±11.1 years; 82 smokers or former smokers. EGFR mutation was found in 11 patients (11.2%), 10 of which were male. Of these 98 patients, 22 were treated with erlotinib. 18 patients were in stage IIIB/IV at diagnosis and 5 had mutated EGFR. Of these 18 patients, median OS was 21.52 months and median SE was 5.5 months. Disease control was achieved in 6 (33%) patients. Median OS was 27.45 months in EGFR mutated SLC, against 19.5 in wild-type (p<0.05). Median SE was 13.5 months in mutated EGFR against 4.3 months in the wild-type (p<0.05). EGFR mutation was related with disease control – OR 22 (95% CI 1.53-314.3). Conclusions: In spite of the small sample size, this study shows that EGFR mutation rate of SLC in a Caucasian population is not insignificant and its presence is associated to a greater disease control and longer survival, as it has been described to lung adenocarcinoma.
32
Tischler, C. R., H. W. Elberson, M. A. Hussey, W. R. Ocumpaugh, R. L. Reed, and M. A. Sanderson. "Registration of TEM‐SLC and TEM‐SEC Switchgrass Germplasms." Crop Science 41, no. 5 (September 2001): 1654–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.4151654x.
Full text
33
Lee, Sung-Gyu, and Hyun Kang. "Saussurea lappa Clarke extract exhibits potent antioxidant effect and attenuates neuroinflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglial cells." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 9 (November 24, 2020): 1911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.16.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory potential of Saussurea lappa Clarke (SLC-EA) extract in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells.Methods: Cell viability was measured by using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay while antioxidant activity was evaluated by using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate BV-2 microglia. Griess assay was employed to assess nitric oxide (NO) production. iNOS (inducible NO synthase) expression and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) cytokine production were measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and immuno blot analysis, respectively.Results: Pretreatment of 100 mg/ml of SLC-EA (p < 0.001) was inhibited Nitric Oxide (NO) by 1 ug/ml of LPS-treated murine BV-2 cells. The expression of iNOS and TNF-α were reduced by SLC-EA concentration dependent manner (p < 0.001 at 100 mg/ml). SLC-EA were scavenged 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of approximately 51.4 μg/ml.Conclusion: The results indicate that SLC-EA extract exhibits strong antioxidant properties and inhibits excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine due probably to the antioxidant phenolic compounds present in SLC-EA extract. Further work in exploring the in-depth mechanisms of SLC-EA extract in regulating inflammatory signaling pathways in treating neuroinflammatory diseases is necessary.
Keywords: Saussurea lappa, Antioxidant, Neuroinflammation, Microglia, TNF-α, iNOS
34
Bohanes, P. O., D. Courvoisier, T. Perneger, P. Morel, O. Huber, and A. D. Roth. "Survival predictors in second-line chemotherapy for metastatic gastric cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e15575-e15575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15575.
Full textAbstract:
e15575 Background: Many patients (pts) with metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) are in good condition after first line chemotherapy (chemo) and are offered further treatment. However there is no established predictor to select pts who will most likely benefit from second line chemotherapy (SLC). Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma who were treated until death at our institution and died between 01.1994 and 06.2008. Prognostic values of the tumour characteristics, pts characteristics at SLC, previous curative surgery (PCS) and sensitivity to previous chemo were analysed by Cox univariate and multivariate regression for overall survival (OS). Results: 65 pts with MGC were treated at our institution up to their death. Of these, 43 pts (65%) received SLC. 24 pts (55.8%) received CPT-11 based SLC. 4 pts (9.3%) docetaxel-platin, anthracyclines and fluoropyrimidine based SLC. 3 pts (7%) oxaliplatin and 3 pts (9.3 %) other chemo. Median OS from the start of SLC was 30.1 weeks. 25 pts (58.1%) had disease control (response and stable disease) lasting at least 12 weeks under SLC. Potential prognostic variables with their frequencies and prognostic values are listed in the Table . Multivariate analysis showed that PCS was significant predictor for OS (HR=0.46, p<.05). PFS1 of more than 26 weeks was a strong significant OS predictor (HR=0.41, p<.05). Interaction test between PFS1 and PCS was not significant (p=0.48). Conclusions: Benefit from a SLC in MGC is highly related to former sensitivity to first line chemo. This is of major importance in the design of trials in MGC in a second line setting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
35
Kruse, R., P. C. Dutta, and J. M. Morrell. "Colloid centrifugation removes seminal plasma and cholesterol from boar spermatozoa." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 7 (2011): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd10260.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Single-Layer Centrifugation (SLC) on boar spermatozoa, namely the effect of removal of seminal plasma proteins and cholesterol from the surface of spermatozoa. The presence of porcine seminal plasma proteins I and II (PSP-I/PSP-II) before and after SLC was studied using immunofluorescence, whereas the removal of cholesterol was shown qualitatively by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Finally, the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane was observed by electron microscopy. It was shown that the seminal plasma proteins PSP-I and -II were removed from spermatozoa during SLC but could be restored by adding seminal plasma to the SLC-selected sperm samples. Some cholesterol was also lost from the spermatozoa during SLC but the plasma membrane itself appeared to be morphologically intact. Further studies are underway to examine the relevance of these findings to boar sperm cryopreservation and sperm fertility.
36
Ma, Tengfei, Liyuan Zhao, Jie Zhang, Ruofeng Tang, Xin Wang, Nan Liu, Qian Zhang, et al. "A pair of transporters controls mitochondrial Zn2+ levels to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis." Protein & Cell 13, no. 3 (October 23, 2021): 180–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13238-021-00881-4.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractZn2+ is required for the activity of many mitochondrial proteins, which regulate mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and mitophagy. However, it is not understood how the proper mitochondrial Zn2+ level is achieved to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we reveal here that a pair of mitochondrion-localized transporters controls the mitochondrial level of Zn2+. We demonstrate that SLC-30A9/ZnT9 is a mitochondrial Zn2+ exporter. Loss of SLC-30A9 leads to mitochondrial Zn2+ accumulation, which damages mitochondria, impairs animal development and shortens the life span. We further identify SLC-25A25/SCaMC-2 as an important regulator of mitochondrial Zn2+ import. Loss of SLC-25A25 suppresses the abnormal mitochondrial Zn2+ accumulation and defective mitochondrial structure and functions caused by loss of SLC-30A9. Moreover, we reveal that the endoplasmic reticulum contains the Zn2+ pool from which mitochondrial Zn2+ is imported. These findings establish the molecular basis for controlling the correct mitochondrial Zn2+ levels for normal mitochondrial structure and functions.
37
Shiroshita, Makoto, Satoshi Nakamura, Kenji Terada, and Kimihiro Yamanaka. "Electrical Performance of Advanced Surface Laminar Circuit in High-end FCBGA Applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 000805–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-wp5-paper1.
Full textAbstract:
Advanced Surface Laminar Circuit (Adv-SLC) is a build-up substrate technology designed to satisfy the requirement of the most advanced semiconductor chips. Adv-SLC is featuring a low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) of 10 ppm/degC that reduces the strain in the solder joints and Cu/low-k stacked structure of semiconductor chips during the reflow process, ensures the solder joint reliability, and protects internal delamination of the Cu/low-k stacked structure. This paper describes the power integrity and signal integrity of Adv-SLC and the capability to reduce total layer count with considering X-talk, to reduce package size, and to improve Power Integrity by using Adv-SLC.
38
Yang, Yuhong, Lei Du, Masashi Hosokawa, and Kazuo Miyashita. "Spirulina Lipids Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Mice Fed a High-Fat and High-Sucrose Diet." Marine Drugs 18, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18030148.
Full textAbstract:
High-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHSD)-induced obesity leads to oxidative stress and chronic inflammatory status. However, little is known about the beneficial effects of total lipids extracted from Spirulina. Hence, in the present study, Spirulina lipids were extracted with chloroform/methanol (SLC) or ethanol (SLE) and then their effects on oxidative stress and inflammation in the mice fed a HFHSD were investigated. The results show that the major lipid classes and fatty acid profiles of SLC and SLE were almost similar, but the gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoid contents in SLE was a little higher than that in SLC. Dietary 4% SLC or SLE for 12 weeks effectively decreased the hepatic lipid hydroperoxide levels as well as increased the activities and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in the mice fed a HFHSD. In addition, supplementation with SLC and SLE also markedly decreased the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver and epididymal white adipose tissue of mice fed a HFHSD, and the effects of SLC and SLE were comparable. These findings confirm for the first time that dietary Spirulina lipids could alleviate HFHSD-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.
39
Liang, Chun-min, Cui-ping Zhong, Rui-xia Sun, Bin-bin Liu, Cheng Huang, Jie Qin, Shuang Zhou, Junling Shan, Yin-kun Liu, and Sheng-long Ye. "Local Expression of Secondary Lymphoid Tissue Chemokine Delivered by Adeno-Associated Virus within the Tumor Bed Stimulates Strong Anti-Liver Tumor Immunity." Journal of Virology 81, no. 17 (June 13, 2007): 9502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00208-07.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Development of an effective antitumor immune response depends on the appropriate interaction of effector and target cells. Thus, the expression of chemokines within the tumor may induce a more potent antitumor immune response. Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) is known to play a critical role in establishing a functional microenvironment in secondary lymphoid tissues. Its capacity to attract dendritic cells (DCs) and colocalize them with T cells makes it a good therapeutic candidate against cancer. In this study, we used SLC as a treatment for tumors established from a murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. SLC was encoded by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), a system chosen for the low host immunity and high efficiency of transduction, enabling long-term expression of the gene of interest. As a result, rAAV-SLC induced a significant delay of tumor progression, which was paralleled by a profound infiltration of DCs and activated CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells (CD3+ CD69+ cells) into the tumor site. In addition, rAAV-SLC treatment was also found to reduce tumor growth in nude mice, most likely due to inhibition of neoangiogenesis. In conclusion, local expression of SLC by rAAV represents a promising approach to induce immune-mediated regression of malignant tumors.
40
Zwifelhofer, Nicole M., Xiaoli Cai, Ruiqi Liao, Bin Mao, Daniel J. Conn, Charu Mehta, Sunduz Keles, Yang Xia, and Emery H. Bresnick. "GATA factor-regulated solute carrier ensemble reveals a nucleoside transporter-dependent differentiation mechanism." PLOS Genetics 16, no. 12 (December 28, 2020): e1009286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009286.
Full textAbstract:
Developmental-regulatory networks often include large gene families encoding mechanistically-related proteins like G-protein-coupled receptors, zinc finger transcription factors and solute carrier (SLC) transporters. In principle, a common mechanism may confer expression of multiple members integral to a developmental process, or diverse mechanisms may be deployed. Using genetic complementation and enhancer-mutant systems, we analyzed the 456 member SLC family that establishes the small molecule constitution of cells. This analysis identified SLC gene cohorts regulated by GATA1 and/or GATA2 during erythroid differentiation. As >50 SLC genes shared GATA factor regulation, a common mechanism established multiple members of this family. These genes included Slc29a1 encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter (Slc29a1/ENT1) that utilizes adenosine as a preferred substrate. Slc29a1 promoted erythroblast survival and differentiation ex vivo. Targeted ablation of murine Slc29a1 in erythroblasts attenuated erythropoiesis and erythrocyte regeneration in response to acute anemia. Our results reveal a GATA factor-regulated SLC ensemble, with a nucleoside transporter component that promotes erythropoiesis and prevents anemia, and establish a mechanistic link between GATA factor and adenosine mechanisms. We propose that integration of the GATA factor-adenosine circuit with other components of the GATA factor-regulated SLC ensemble establishes the small molecule repertoire required for progenitor cells to efficiently generate erythrocytes.
41
Bokemark, Lena, Björn Fagerberg, and Hans Herlitz. "Erythrocyte sodium/lithium countertransport is associated with thrombotic and fibrinolytic factors in 58-year-old men." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 91, no. 06 (2004): 1152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th03-10-0660.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryThe metabolic syndrome, in which insulin resistance is the core feature, is associated both with dysregulation of thrombosis/ fibrinolysis and erythrocyte sodium/lithium countertransport (SLC).To investigate this further we designed a cross-sectional study to examine whether factors involved in coagulationand fibrinolysis systems were associated with SLC independently of insulin resistance in 93 58-year-old men. SLC was in univariate analysis positively correlated with PAI-1 activity (r = 0.35, p <0.01), tPA antigen (r = 0.38, p <0.01), von Willebrand factor (r = 0.25, p <0.05), protein S (r = 0.26, p <0.05), and C (r = 0.30, p <0.01), and negatively associated with tPA activity(r = −0.28, p <0.01). Since these correlations could be influenced by the components of the metabolic syndrome itself, a separate analysis with adjustment for glucose infusion rate (GIR), plasma insulin, body fat, sagittal diameter of the abdomen (SD) and log serum triglyceride concentration (TG) was conducted. Then SLC was associated with tPA antigen independent of GIR, plasma insulin, body fat, SD and TG. SLC was also associated with protein C independent of GIR, insulin, body fat and SD but not TG. In conclusion, we found a relationship between SLC and the fibrinolytic system that was not related to the metabolic syndrome.
42
Ortiz, I., J. Dorado, D. Acha, M. J. Gálvez, M. Urbano, and M. Hidalgo. "Colloid single-layer centrifugation improves post-thaw donkey (Equus asinus) sperm quality and is related to ejaculate freezability." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 27, no. 2 (2015): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd13246.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to determine whether colloid single-layer centrifugation (SLC) improves post-thaw donkey sperm quality and if this potential enhancement is related to ejaculate freezability. Semen from Andalusian donkeys was frozen following a standard protocol. SLC was performed on frozen–thawed semen and post-thaw sperm parameters were compared with uncentrifuged samples. Sperm quality was estimated by integrating in a single value sperm motility (assessed by computer-assisted sperm analysis), morphology and viability (evaluated under brightfield or fluorescence microscopy). Sperm freezability was calculated as the relationship between sperm quality obtained before freezing and after thawing. Ejaculates were classified into low, medium and high freezability groups using the 25th and 75th percentiles as thresholds. All sperm parameters were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in SLC-selected samples in comparison to uncentrifuged frozen–thawed semen and several kinematic parameters were even higher than those obtained in fresh semen. The increment of sperm parameters after SLC selection was correlated with ejaculate freezability, obtaining the highest values after SLC in semen samples with low freezability. We concluded that, based on the sperm-quality parameters evaluated, SLC can be a suitable procedure to improve post-thaw sperm quality of cryopreserved donkey semen, in particular for those ejaculates with low freezability.
43
Dudley, C. R., L. A. Giuffra, A. E. Raine, and S. T. Reeders. "Assessing the role of APNH, a gene encoding for a human amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ antiporter, on the interindividual variation in red cell Na+/Li+ countertransport." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2, no. 4 (October 1991): 937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v24937.
Full textAbstract:
The "reverse genetic" approach to essential hypertension is complicated by the fact that blood pressure is a heterogeneous, quantitative, complex trait. One strategy is to use "intermediate phenotypes" that are not only associated with hypertension but that also have a simple mode of inheritance, compatible with the action of a single gene. Red cell sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC) is one of the best characterized intermediate phenotypes for hypertension. The similarity in stoichiometry and kinetics between SLC and Na+/H+ exchange has led to the proposal that the gene encoding the Na+/H+ antiporter (APNH) may be responsible for the individual variance in SLC. We have tested this hypothesis by both an association study and Haseman and Elston's sib pair method of linkage analysis, by using a polymorphism at the APNH locus detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Both analytical techniques were performed before and after correction of SLC values for known covariates. There was no significant association between mean SLC values and any of the three possible genotypes of the APNH locus either before or after regressing out covariates (F = 0.64 and P greater than 0.52; F = 0.63 and P greater than 0.53, respectively). Linkage analysis similarly failed to demonstrate a relationship between the squared difference in SLC values and the identity by descent status for APNH as well as other loci that map close to APNH (D1S57, RH, and ALPL). Taking these results together, we conclude that mutations at the APNH locus are not responsible for the observed variation in SLC values.
44
Arshad, Mehreen, Yumna Sadef, Muhammad Bilal Shakoor, Muhammad Naeem, Farzana Bashir, Sajid Rashid Ahmad, Shafaqat Ali, Irfan Abid, Naeem Khan, and Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni. "Quantitative Estimation of the Hydroquinone, Mercury and Total Plate Count in Skin-Lightening Creams." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 8786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168786.
Full textAbstract:
Generally white color of the skin is regarded as a feature of superiority and prettiness around the world. Both the males and females in Pakistan apply skin-lightening creams (SLC) but they do not know about the side-effects of their constituents. Skin-lightening products include SLC and related ointments. The SLC are made by mixing fates and water in standard procedure. Here, 20 SLC specimens were obtained and subjected to mercury, hydroquinone and the total plate count (TPC). The hydroquinone in SLC was determined using HPLC, mercury level was assessed by ICP OES and finally TPC were computing by utilizing nutrient media (Agar). The hydroquinone in SLC ranged from 0 to 7.14 ± 0.18% with a median value of 0.33%. In 25% of the studied samples, hydroquinone was not detected, 70% of the samples showed values within the limit and 5% of the samples (1 sample) had a hydroquinone concentration above the permissible limit defined by Pakistan (5%). The mercury ranged 0-7.7 ppm, with a median value of 2.5 ppm. Mercury was detected in 95% of the samples; thus, only 5% of the samples had no mercury. In turn, 20% had mercury within the limit value while 75% of the samples had concentration above the Pakistan standard limit (1 ppm). Moreover, TPC obtained in this study was less than the allowable value set according to European Union (EU). Hence, the SLC samples showed high concentration of toxic constituents which could cause deleterious skin diseases. Government must monitor such kind of cosmetic products regularly in order to reduce the danger.
45
Kammerer, Candace M., Laura A. Cox, Michael C. Mahaney, Jeffrey Rogers, and Robert E. Shade. "A Quantitative Trait Locus for Sodium-Lithium Countertransport Is Linked to Chromosome Four in Baboons." Hypertension 36, suppl_1 (October 2000): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.36.suppl_1.717-c.
Full textAbstract:
P134 Alterations in cell sodium transport characteristics, such as red blood cell intracellular sodium (ICNa) levels and sodium-lithium countertransport (SLC), are secondary biochemical indices of a primary cell membrane abnormality that have been associated with some forms of essential hypertension. We are studying the effects of genes and environmental factors on hypertension and blood pressure-related phenotypes such as ICNa and SLC in baboons, a non-human primate model for blood pressure regulation. In a previous study of 84 baboons, systolic blood pressure increased with increasing ICNa (p = 0.002) and SLC (p = 0.06). In the current study, genotypes for 280 microsatellite loci, as well as SLC and ICNa data, were determined for 623 baboons comprising 11 pedigrees. The heritabilities of ICNa and SLC were 0.80±0.07 and 0.61±0.10, respectively. We performed a genome screen using a maximum-likelihood based, variance components linkage analysis program (SOLAR) and obtained evidence that a possible quantitative trait locus (QTL) for SLC is located on the baboon homologue of human chromosome 4 between D4S2456 and D4S2365 with a maximum multipoint lod-score = 8.76 (p< 10 -10 ) at D4S1645. This QTL accounts for approximately 2/3 of the additive genetic variation in SLC in baboons. We found no evidence for linkage with ICNa. Thus, we have evidence that a gene located on human chromosome 4 (baboon chromosome 5) affects cell sodium transport in baboons. No strong candidate genes have yet been identified in this region. However, future studies to identify and characterize this gene may elucidate fundamental processes that contribute to the development of hypertension.
46
Kotov, S. V., and A. О. Prostomolotov. "Symptomatic lymphatic cysts after oncourological operations on the pelvic organs and influence of their anatomical localization on the clinical appearance." Urology Herald 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2020-8-4-72-79.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Lymphatic cysts (LC) are the accumulation of free lymphatic fluid in a limited space (between tissues and organs), in the place where the lymphadenectomy was performed. They are the most frequent complications in pelvic oncourology. LC are divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic.Purpose of the study. To assess the influence of the anatomical localization of symptomatic lymphatic cysts (sLC) on the clinical appearance.Materials and methods. 203 radical prostatectomies (RPE) and 42 radical cystectomies (RC) were performed with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in the N.I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital № 1 from January 2017 to March 2020. Of 203 patients, 13 (6.4%) developed SLC, and of 42 patients, 6 (14.3%). All patients who developed complications underwent complex ultrasound studies and multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) of the retroperitoneal space, abdomen, and pelvic area to assess the localization and volume of the sLC.Results. Four anatomical localizations of the sLC can be distinguished after analyzing the clinical picture of 19 patients with sLC and comparing the obtained data with MSCT: paravasal-iliac, paravesical, prevesical, and pelvic-retroperitoneal. The frequency of paravasaliliac sLC was higher, they developed in 13 (68.5%) patients. The clinical picture included: pain in the pelvic area, lymphedema of the lower limb, body temperature ≥ 39.0 °C, due to LC infection and compression of the iliac vessels. Paravesical sLC were found in 2 (10.5%) patients. There was a failure of the urethrovesical anastomosis, according to retrograde cystography, due to displacement of the bladder. Prevesical sLC were found in 2 (10.5%) patients. Patients noted progressive urinary incontinence and pain above the pubic symphysis. Pelvic-retroperitoneal sLC was observed in 2 (10.5%) patients, with the clinical appearance of nagging pain in the lumbar region, body temperature ≥ 38.0 °C, due to ureteral compression and the development of obstructive pyelonephritis, as well as compression of the inferior vena cava by a lymphatic cyst. The repeated intervention was performed in 18 cases: percutaneous drainage of the LC under ultrasound guidance in 12 (63.2%) patients, laparoscopic marsupialization of the LC in 3 (15.7%) patients, an open technique in 3 (15.7%). In 1 patient (5.4%) the treatment was conservative.Conclusion. Symptomatic LC can be classified according to 4 anatomical locations, which define their clinical symptoms. Most sLC require reoperation.
47
Tsukada, Yutaka. "SLC/FCA Packaging Technology." Journal of SHM 9, no. 2 (1993): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep1993.9.2_18.
Full text
48
Buderi, Robert. "SLC changes its tactics." Nature 340, no. 6235 (August 1989): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/340587a0.
Full text
49
Schlessinger, A., S. W. Yee, A. Sali, and K. M. Giacomini. "SLC Classification: An Update." Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 94, no. 1 (July 2013): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2013.73.
Full text
50
MOFFEIT, KENNETH C. "Status of the SLC." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 490, no. 1 Second Aspen (April 1987): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb40371.x.
Full text