Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Slitude'
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Nilsson, Henrik, and Sixten Andersson. "Slitage i studentbostäder." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44546.
Full textPersson, Johan. "Att undersöka klättringen slitage på markytan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-226167.
Full textHermansson, Jakob, and Emma Wahlström. "Materialval för minskat slitage av sandformningsverktyg." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13776.
Full textAt Volvo Group Trucks Operations (GTO) in Skövde, cylinder blocks, cylinder heads and flywheels are manufactured through sandcasting. As the forming tools that forms the sand forms are filled with sand, wear occurs where the sand particles hit the tool surface. The forming tool thus needs to be regularly maintained. The aim of this study is to evaluate alternative materials that the forming tools can be manufactured in to reduce wear, and thereby reducing costs by extending maintenance intervals. The problem is analyzed and a literature study on erosive and abrasive wear is carried out. A number of materials are presented as suitable candidates based on the literature study, material charts and discussion. Material samples are tested using a standard method for solid particle erosion using gas jets. Results from previous empirical studies indicate that erosion is strongly influenced by material properties such as hardness and toughness but also the angle of impingement and velocity of the erosive particles.The erosion test is performed at 30 and 90 degree angle of impingement. The test shows that the softer steel, Holdax and Sverker 21 have higher resistance to erosion at low angles of impingement and the harder steel Nimax has higher resistance at high angles of impingement. Nimax is considered a suitable material for the forming tool, as Nimax has the overall lowest erosion rate when adding the total erosion over both angles of impingement. Nimax has the lowest erosion rate at 30 degrees angle and is also considered to have good resistance to erosion at 90 degrees angle. Recommendation is given on repeated erosion tests to validate the results. There are also recommendations regarding material testing in the forming tool to see if a material change would lead to savings. Examination of possibilities to make changes in the sand filling process, altering angle of impingement between the sand blown and the forming tool as well as air pressure is recommended.
Wallgren, Hanna. "Slitsade stålreglar för fönstermontage : En jämförande analys av karmreglar." Thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-196535.
Full textDuvelid, Marcus, and Markus Idén. "Prediktivt underhåll : prognostisering av slitage på kulskruvar och linjärstyrningar." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297910.
Full textDigitalization in the manufacturing industry involves many challenges due to moving from manual controls towards digitalized condition monitoring. The challenges that occur with the new way of working is what data should be collected and how it should be analyzed. This thesis aims to streamline the industry and implement Industry 4.0 and Smart Maintenance through predictive maintenance in Scania. In this way a more cost-effective business is achieved at the same time as it contributes to creating a more sustainable company. The predictive maintenance will lead to a higher availability and reliability within the machine park at Scania´s cylinder head line. To be able to implement the maintenance strategy a software created by FANUC, the system supplier, is used. The software is a measuring tool called Servo Viewer and it can analyze the status of the machine by measuring the percentage of the total amount of torque that is available and the position error while the machine is running. The thesis also aims to investigate how to automatize the measurements within a database called MT-LINKi and later be analyzed by a software called AI Servo Monitor. The conclusion that can be drawn from the thesis is that it is possible to use FANUC Servo Viewer to measure the condition of the machine and therefore being able to predict when the maintenance needs to be performed as it is possible to read deviating factors during the measurements. With these factors it is possible to set triggers that will alarm the system when the machine exceeds them. Some of the components that will be possible to monitor condition for, are ball screws, linear control, encoders, belts, servomotors and servo cards. However the work isn’t not a complete concept in itself, more measurements are needed to be performed over time to create a normal situation and identify error development graphs to set the triggers in the software. As analysis and collection of measurement data became more time consuming than planned, the evaluation of MT-LINKi and AI Servo Monitor has not been performed and a further description of the work has been provided.
Böe, Markus. "Processens inverkan på den dragna stångens rakhet samt dragskivans slitage." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Materialvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-1527.
Full textDyrendahl, Johan, and Sophia Karlsson. "Immateriella värden & design -eller ”Det skall tåla ögats slitage”." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2375.
Full textBakgrund: I konkurrens om morgondagens konsument kommer sannolikt materiella värden inte räcka till. Företag måste också kunna erbjuda immateriella värden genom upplevelser. Ett sätt att göra detta är via produktens design. Den företagsekonomiska relevansen understyrks ytterligare av det faktum att lite forskning finns kring immateriellt värdeskapande och design.
Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra med förståelse för hur design kan tillföra immateriella värden till en produkt.
Genomförande: Initialt konstruerades en begreppsapparat, ur teori från vitt skilda discipliner, som sedan genom tolkning av en rad intervjuer med relevanta aktörer utvecklades.
Resultat: De immateriella värden som tillförs en möbel genom design kan förstås med hjälp av två huvudkategorier: estetiskt och socialt värde. Dessa värdens tillblivelse kan i huvudsak förstås som en social konstruktion uppburen av en rad aktörer i en värdekonfiguration. En historia konstrueras och ger möbeln ett värde. Kunskap har central betydelse för konsumentens/nyttjarens värdeupplevelse. Resultatet torde ha stor generalitet i form av dess språkbildande karaktär.
Background: In the competition for the consumer of tomorrow it is not likely going to be enough to deliver material value. Companies will have to offer immaterial values through experiences. One way of doing this is by the design of the product. The relevance is emphasised further as there is little research available regarding immaterial value creation and design.
Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to contribute with understanding for how design can add immaterial value to a product.
Research method: Initially a number of concepts were constructed out of theories originating in widely different theoretical fields. These concept were then evolved by interpretation of a number of interviews with relevant actors.
Result: The immaterial values that are added to a piece of furniture by design can be understood with the help of main categories: aesthetic and social value. The creationof these values can to a large extent be understood in the terms of a social construction carried by a number of actors in a value configuration. A story is constructed which give the piece of furniture value. Knowledge is of great importance for the value appreciation of the consumer/user. The result should have great generality as it is of a concept creation quality.
Bäverstål, Araya. "Val av provmetod för mätning avslitage : Slitage på en flisledare." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-24266.
Full textAndritz Group is the leading provider of facilities and services for productionof paper pulp, for mining operations and for hydroelectric plants. AndritzIggesund Tools produce equipment related to: chipping in the pulp industryas well as chipping (reduction) and debarking in the sawmill industry. Theaim of this report focuses on a test method for the measurement of abrasivewear on a chip leader. Wood chip leaders have been observed to be affectedby a type of wear called abrasive wear.Five test methods are described in this work, but only one test method hasbeen chosen, and that is the rubber wheel test method. This method is belivedto be best suited for the chip leader. The chosen test method is not tested sincethere are no means allocated for that purpose.
Cristine, Hedlund, and Alexander Tasevski. "Design of bucket teeth." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-33079.
Full textGrönwall, Fred. "Optimization of Burner Kiln7, Cementa Slite." Thesis, Institutionen för energi och teknik, SLU, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-148689.
Full textThuresson, Jimmy, and Matthias Forselius. "Skador och slitage på ytbeläggningssystem hos parkeringsdäck : En undersökning av äldre ytbeläggningssystem." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192007.
Full textMalmborg, Malin, and Magnolia Tibaduiza. "Skäreggprepareringens påverkan på slitage hos hårdmetallborrar : En fallstudie enligt DMAIC på Scania Motorbearbetning." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79899.
Full textThe increasing demand for higher product quality in the manufacturing industry requires high stability and long service life of drilling tools during the drilling process. One method of increasing product quality and thus extending the tool life for drills is cutting edge preparation. Cutting edge preparation is used to create an edge geometry that gives the drilling tool both better strength and higher resistance to wear. The most common wear on drill tools is flank wear that develops rapidly during the initial wear period of the drill's life. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how the cutting edge preparation process can be improved by factorial design in order to reduce flank wear during the initial wear period on coated solid carbide drills. The cutting edge preparation process was studied as a case study at Scania's motor processing department. The case study followed problem-solving methodology DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) incorporating design of experiments. This resulted in two additional phases: Pre-Analyze and Experiment. Data collection consisted of both qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data were obtained from interviews during the Measure phase and the quantitative data was obtained from the experiment conducted during the Experiment phase, which was later analyzed in the Analyze phase. Based on a literature study, current description, and interviews, the identified experimental factors were process time, depth in the grinding granulate, rotational direction of the rotor, and rotational speed of spindle. The identified response variables were cutting edge radius and total flank wear. The experimental factors were tested in a full two-level factorial design with 4 factors and 4 center points. The analysis of the results from the experiment showed that the correlation between the response variables was negligible during the initial wear period. Furthermore, no significant effects could be found based on the response variable total flank wear. However, it was found that the experimental factors that influenced the response variable cutting edge radius were process time, depth in grinding granulate, and direction of rotation of the rotor. An optimization model was developed during the Improve phase to optimize the cutting edge preparation process in regards to the cutting edge radius. The optimization was based on generating a large cutting edge radius and at the same time reducing the current process time by half. The optimization model could not be confirmed; therefore, a recommendation was developed outlining the steps to confirm the optimization model. Furthermore, two additional recommendations were made to investigate the cutting edge preparation process concerning other types of wear and to examine tool wear during the tool’s full life. A control plan was developed in the Control phase to help to control the recommendations. In conclusion, this thesis contributed new insights and conclusions on the development of flank wear during the initial wear period during the tool life.
Andersson, Victor. "Mikroplastens uppkomst och spridning : En fallstudie förlagd till Hudiksvalls kommun." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för byggnadsteknik, energisystem och miljövetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32784.
Full textPlastic and microplastics in nature, sea and water are a major global problem. Because plastics in different forms are present in a big variety of products, this leads to a big volume of plastics that can be spread out to nature from different emission sources. Plastics do not have a sure degradation time; plastics can, therefore, affect the environment for a very long time due to the formation of degraded plastics microplastics over time. Microplastics can also be manufactured as such, in the form of, for example rubber granules. This thesis is a literature study of microplastics in the municipality of Hudiksvall, with a delimitation of four of the following major emission sources of microplastics, artificial turf, littering, washing of synthetic fibres textiles and wire tear and road marking paint. The rapport is also showing the approximate quantity of the emissions from the sources above in the municipality of Hudiksvall together with proposed actions with a proposed priority order. The results show the emissions within the municipality to be relatively large, however, it is possible to greatly reduce some of the emissions with relatively simple and cost-effective means. The emissions from artificial turf can be greatly reduced with the following actions. Shoe brushes near the artificial grass, granular traps in the nearby stormwater drains for collection of rubber granular that otherwise would have ended up in the stormwater. The third action is a barrier at the sides of the artificial turf to prevent the spreading of rubber granular to nearby areas. More studies are needed regarding the emissions from littering, wire tear and road marking paints and washing of synthetic textiles to find more secure local and regional data and to get more data of what happens to the microplastics after it leaves the roads. The emissions of microplastics from artificial turfs can physically be addressed while the other three emission sources require both more information and changed habits and patterns to give a bigger impact to the measures. Some examples may be to reduce the use of trucks for heavy transport and use trains to a greater extent. Another is to increase the use of public transport to reduce the use of cars. The municipality of Hudiksvall intends to follow Agenda 2 030, which is several global goals for economic, social, and ecological sustainability. In Sweden and Hudiksvall the environmental goals have been even more specified to clarify the most important measures. Hudiksvall municipality is an eco-municipality since 2 002. That means all decisions must be included in the sustainability principle, new ways of thinking are seen as important. Future studies of microplastics and its emission pathways are required to get more specific local data to be able to work actively to reduce the emissions regardless of the size or source.
Blanc, Rebecka. "Sportfiskares slitage på Mörrumsåns stränder och konsekvenser för Tjockskalig målarmussla : - kan spänger skydda från erosion." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-38778.
Full textMörrumsån have the conditions required for the Thick-shelled river mussel (Unio crassus) to live and reproduce, but not to the same extent as before. There is a connection between the rivers direction towards the outlet to the Baltic sea and reduced regeneration of Unio crassus inventoried stocks in Mörrumsån. The number of dead mussels found in inventoried locations also shows this relationship, that the closer to the outlet you get more dead mussels are found and at the same time reduced regeneration. This could depend on several reasons since this mussel depends on specific conditions in several stages of development and reproduction. One of the reasons for the declining mussel stock is silting of the bottoms. Silt depends partly on visitor’s frequent use of tracks and trails along Mörrumsåns slopes and riversides. Along tracks and trails vegetation are damaged, this further on leads to erosion of riversides and hillsides. Organic and inorganic materials of different sizes erode with the water in the flow direction and sediment further down the stream. One group which uses the riversides more than others are anglers. This sport fishing activity are more intensely damaging the vegetation in the riparian zone during certain periods. One of these more intensive periods is around the premiere of salmon fishing in the spring. During this time there is a sustained wear to the sides of the river and even some extended wear in form of wider footpaths and also parallel paths on other routes. Some sites that showed that erosion took place before the premiere fishing has eroded even more during the evaluation period. There could be some protection to the vegetation by building footbridges along the vulnerable and exposed trails and riversides. This could prevent some erosion but not the ones that takes place along the riparian zones where anglers climb into and out of the river, or walks along the river during the fishing activity. It is difficult to predict were an angler will perform its activity. It can not be excluded that a angler choose to stand at any place other than the one you built a footbridge on. Footbridge constructions may be combined with information about the purpose and that there is endangered species such as Unio crassus worth protecting. And by using footbridges, recommended sites and tracks you expose some endangered species to fewer risks.
TECHENS, CHLOE. "Metal-on-Polymer Wear for Orthopaedic Hand Prostheses : Metall-på-polymer-slitage för ortopediska handproteser." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230798.
Full textBjörk, Emma, and Hanna Wieden. "Trängsel, långa köer och slitage : En studie om hur massturism påverkar turisters upplevelse på en destination." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34937.
Full textThis bachelor thesis will present the ever-growing phenomenon, mass tourism and what impact it has on tourists when they are traveling and in their everyday life. To get a general picture of how the phenomenon affects tourists, we have done a survey answered by a hundred people who got to describe whether and how they experienced mass tourism. To get a better understanding of how mass tourism affects a specific destination, we have made interviews with ten people who all visited Venice, which is the city that we have made a case study about. In the introductory part we will present mass tourism and explain the phenomenon. In the methodology part, we explain the methods we will use and why we think they fit our thesis. Previous research includes research already done about mass tourism in general and mass tourism in Venice. In the framework for further research, we will explain the concepts which we then are going to analyse our results from. In the result, we present and analyse the empirical findings that we have collected through our survey and interviews. The discussion part will discuss our results and ultimately lead to our conclusion. Our research questions are: In what way do tourists generally think that mass tourism have affected their visits to a destination? And How do visitors in Venice see its mass tourism and in what way does the phenomenon affect their visit?
Larsson, Peter. "YTKARAKTERISERING AV CYLINDERFODER I FÖRBRÄNNINGSMOTORER." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1108.
Full textVid konstruktion och tillverkning av motorer idag finns flera krav att tillgodose i form av lång livslängd, låga utsläpp samt liten bränsleförbrukning. Dieselmotorn har högre verkningsgrad än bensinmotorn men problemet med dieselmotorn är i form av utsläpp där lagstiftningen blir allt strängare. En del av utsläppen från dieselmotorn kan bero på smörjoljan och olika motorer och ytor uppvisar olika mängd oljeförbrukning. Denna kan även variera mellan samma modell av motor. Ett sätt att få ner oljeförbrukningen och variationen av denna är att mäta ytan och säkerställa att denna är optimal för dess funktion. Målet med arbetet är att ta fram en metod för att med hjälp av den befintliga mätutrustningen beskriva ytans funktion och säkerhetställa att ytkvalitén är optimal. Arbetet har utförts på en motor som drog mer smörjolja och en motor som drog mindre. Arbetet har utförts inom forskningsgruppen funktionella ytor på Högskolan i Halmstad där mätningar utförts på Toponova och mätningar har skett på dieselmotorer från Volvo Cars. Arbetet har bestått av litteraturstudier samt mätningar av cylinderytor. Resultat från mätningar av kolvringarna och oljeförbrukningen har använts för att göra en jämförelse vad som skiljde en högre oljeförbrukande motor från en lägre. Arbetet har resulterat i ett förslag för hur motorn skall mätas och vilka parametrar som skall användas. En finare yta visade sig ge lägre oljeförbrukning och ett mindre och jämnare slitage
Olsson, Anton, and Johan Welltén. "Mognadsmodell - Möjligheter inom industri 4.0 En förstudie på Cementa AB Slite." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276250.
Full textThis bachelor thesis is a case study that has been carried out at Cementa AB’s factory in Slite, Gotland, and targeted the Cementa AB’s future adaption to the concept Industry 4.0 which is based on techniques and principles for automation and digitalization. The factory is also facing a sustainability change, as the industry contributes to large carbon dioxide emissions through its manufacturing. The aim of the bachelor’s degree project is to analyze where Cementa AB is facing an Industry 4.0 transition and also to investigate whether it has any connection to their sustainability work. To be able to determine the starting position for the factory, the study has constructed and used a maturity model that assesses where the company is facing a future transition. The maturity model is based on five different maturity models and contains the dimensions Production, Technology, Strategy, R&D, HR, Leadership, Culture and Standardization. The study of the company's maturity was conducted by means of a survey, which was distributed to all the departments of the factory. The response rate was 82%. The survey's questions have response alternatives that are assessed with points where the lowest score means Absence of Industry 4.0 and highest score means Maturity within Industry 4.0. For each dimension maturity, a maturity index was calculated. The results of the survey were analyzed with respect to the different maturity objects of each dimension in order to highlight strengths and see the potential within each dimension. The dimensions with the lowest maturity index were HR and Strategy. The factory's total maturity in Industry 4.0 is calculated to the Existence level, which means that the company has started work in Industry 4.0 but lacks strategy, goals and plans for further work. To further clarify the factory's possibilities, a list of the issues with the greatest potential is constructed. In this list, the dimensions Strategy and Leadership are highlighted as the most frequent recurring, and with this the work with strategy and leadership is considered fundamental to the existence of the transition. This also applies to the link to sustainability work, as a clear focus on the sustainability aspects linked to Industry 4.0 technologies produces synergies that help each other. The study recommends the company, in a first stage, to initiate a cross-functional working group at management level which has the task of driving the transition and focuses in a first stage on strategy and management. The study also recommends that the company in any arrangements develops the survey for further follow-up and mapping, compares itself with similar factories, establishes collaborations between companies, academia and suppliers, design a roadmap for the company and its departments, and continue to digitize the company's systems and structures.
Uppenberg, Caroline. "Blod, svett och smärta : Innovativa handskydd." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25085.
Full textHagman, Markus. "Akustisk rengöring och bränsleadditiv : En möjlighet att öka verkningsgrad och minska slitage och miljöpåverkan vid förbränning i kraftvärmeverk?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10683.
Full textBurström, Victor, and Ahmed Kashwan. "Kostnader av frekvensreglering på en kaplanturbin." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172256.
Full textGren, Lovisa. "Standardiserad konstruktionsframtagning av pumphoar för slurry." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79255.
Full textTobias, Baghernejad, and Lembke Rikard. "Böjhållfasthet på varmpolymeriserad PMMA beroende på val av tandborsttyp." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19736.
Full textPurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate whether the use of different toothbrushes affects the flexural strength of heat-polymerized PMMA.MethodsThirty specimens were manufactured of Ivocap High Impact resin with dimensions according to a modified version of ISO 20795-1:2013. The specimens were divided into five groups and the surface was examined before and after a wear test. The groups were Oral-B Precision (TP), Oral-B Trizone (TT), TePe Select Soft (TS), TePe Denture Brush (TD) and Control group (KG). The cleaning medium consisted of a soap and water solution. Ultimate flexural strength was tested with a 3-point bending test. The result was statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test with a significance level set to α = 0,05.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the groups (p = 0.38) and none to small changes in the form of scratches on the surface could be observed in microscope.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the study the following conclusion can be drawn: Regardless of the toothbrush type used, the flexural strength of the material was not affected and the surface was not significantly affected. There is a need for further studies where the material is subjected to aging, several other prosthetic base materials is tested and with more advanced test equipment. The zero hypothesis can be confirmed.
Pettersson, Mattias. "Friluftslivets påverkan på naturskyddade områden : En granskning av skötseldokument för skyddade områden." Thesis, Linköping University, The Tema Institute, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7650.
Full textI Sverige har andelen naturskyddade områden ökat kraftigt under andra halvan av 1900- talet och arealen motsvarar idag ungefär 10 % av landets totala (SCB, 2006). Merparten av dessa områden återfinns i våra 28 nationalparkerna och drygt 2500 naturreservat. Syftet med att bilda skyddade områden är många gånger att bevara biologisk mångfald eller att skapa nya livsmiljöer för känsliga arter, men kan även innebära att ge besökare tillfälle att uppleva mer opåverkad natur (Naturvårdsverket, 2005c). I takt med att, även avlägsna naturområden, blivit alltmer tillgängliga och intresset ökat för naturturism och friluftsliv ökar också behovet av att kontrollera och hantera den påverkan som kan uppstå. Syftet med arbetet var att ge svar på hur ansvariga myndigheter och förvaltare av skyddade områden i Sverige hanterar balansen mellan friluftsliv och naturskydd.
Studien har visat att det fortfarande saknas relevant forskning inom vissa områden t.ex. vad gäller besökarstudier och hur djurlivet påverkas. Den forskning som bedrivits och den litteratur som finns tillgänglig härstammar huvudsakligen från Nordamerika och saknas i stor utsträckning från svensk sida. När det gäller den faktiska förvaltningen, av såväl naturreservat som nationalparker, så är denna likartad och bygger huvudsakligen på en kombination av en grundläggande direkt styrning genom föreskrifter och mera allmänna indirekta metoder, i form av bland annat information och anlagda leder, vilka ofta syftar till att kanalisera och koncentrera besökarna. Skötselplanerna fyller i stort sin grundläggande funktion men är idag något eftersatta och i behov av en revidering där åtgärder som rör friluftslivet och dess påverkan ges större utrymme och där man så långt som möjligt söker använda sig av nyare kunskap inom området. En något förändrad attityd till naturvård och friluftsliv kan dock skönjas och planer för framtida åtgärder håller för närvarande på att utvecklas.
Snildal, Linda. ""Så er vi ikke så slitne når vi går hjem" : En kvalitativ studie om hvilken betydning skole- og barnehageprogrammet "De utrolige årene" har hatt for voksenrollen i barnehagen." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Pedagogisk institutt, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25864.
Full textPermert, Johanna. "Studie av ett svenskt torp : Resterna av en förbisedd historia." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228508.
Full textI unravel pieces of Swedish building history from different places in time and space, and show what I have found interesting, strange and beautiful. It is not my intention to transform, restore or renovate. Instead, I want to evoke interest, visualize and convey an image of an architecture that is often taken for granted; in the ordinary, plain and commonplace, there is a story to be told.
Öhnander, Fred. "An Attempt Towards FE-Modelling of Fracture Propagation in Railway Wheels." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234468.
Full textEfterfrågan på högre hastigheter och tyngre axelbelastningar för godståg leder till högre krafter på järnvägshjulen som i sin tur leder till ökade spänningar på och under ytan vid hjul-räl-kontakten. Med tiden induceras slitage på hjulen som följaktligen leder till höga underhållskostnader och i vissa fall olyckor. Förmågan att förutse utvecklingen av hjulprofiler på grund av enhetligt slitage har visats kunna ske med en noggrann precision under de flesta driftsförhållanden. Dessa slitagemodeller bygger på slitagekoefficienter, och eftersom de vanligtvis inte är giltiga under realistiska driftsförhållanden är modellerna i allmänhet kalibrerade mot verkliga händelseförlopp för att justera koefficienterna från testförhållandena till realistiska smörjförhållanden. Detta tekniska tillvägagångssätt kan vara användbart vid prognos av slitage i system där material och kontaktförhållanden inte varierar. När man addresserar materialutveckling inriktad på att reducera specifika skadelägen är emellertid tillvägagångssättet av begränsad användning eftersom de erhållna slitagekoefficienterna inte är direkt relaterade till materialegenskaper. Därför har försök gjorts till att utveckla fysikaliska sprickbildningsmodeller som relateras till kontaktförhållanden och materialegenskaper. Syftet har varit att erhålla viktig information om var en spricka initieras och hur den fortskrider. I det långa loppet är det även av stor vikt att kunna erhålla information om hur en materialpartikel avlägsnas från kontaktytan. Studier för denna typ av modeller har gjorts på 70- och 80-talet i huvudsak med stift- och skivexperiment men har inte använts inom det specifika området för hjul-räl-kontakt. Avhandligen ingår i FR8RAIL-projektet som arrangeras av det europeiska järnvägsinitiativet Shift2Rail. Literaturstudier har varit grunden för avhandlingen för att få väsentlig insikt i frakturmekanik och andra relaterade områden. De fysiska sprickbildningsmodellerna har konstrueras i FE-mjukvaran Abaqus med XFEM som implementering. För 2D-modellen initieras sprickan överst vid den implanterade imperfektionen när friktionskoefficienten är och propagerar uppåt några få element. För initieras sprickan på högra ytgränsen där tryckfördelning och friktionskraft appliceras. Utbredningsvinkeln för sprickan ökar relativt till ytan då friktionskoefficienten ökar. Sprickan för 3D-modellen breder ut sig mer jämfört med 2D-modellen överst vid imperfektionen då . Sprickan initieras på samma ytplats som för 2D-modellen vid . Sprickbildningen är dock obefintlig på grund av konvergensproblem. De konstruerade FE-modellerna är initiala steg mot att analysera sprickutbredningen och närbesläktade fenomen för ett godstågs järnvägshjul i detalj. I slutet av avhandlingen ger de förenklade modellerna huvudsakligen information om sprickinitiering, utbredning och dess mönster. Ytterligare justeringar och förbättringar kan ske efter denna första fas i syfte att eliminera felmarginalerna. På lång sikt kan slutligen helt integrerande modeller med ytterligare implementeringar såsom detaljerad mikrostruktur för kontaktförhållandena, oelastiskt materialbeteende och kompletta tredimensionella modeller användas.
FR8RAIL
Lai, Jian-Yu, and 賴建宇. "Confinement of enhanced transmission light through a sub-wavelength slitdue to surface plasma effect." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30659129851902239958.
Full text國立成功大學
光電科學與工程研究所
94
The enhancement of light transmission through sub-wavelength slit is an interesting and important recent discovery in plasmonic nano-photonics. This is studied with our newly developed two dimensional simulation code of finite-difference time-domain method. The simulations verify the enhanced transmission that far exceeds the diffraction limit and help to understand in depth the resultant beaming of light that will be important in nano-optical applications. In fact, we have found some interesting physics for the enhanced transmission in addition to surface plasmon. The beaming of light is found due to the interference of the first order scattered light with the zeroth order transmitted light and is divergent with a finite angle. By proposing the interference between the zeroth and zeroth orders transmission light, we found the beamed light can be well confined. The dynamics and interesting physics of our new founding will be discussed.
Wu, Cheng-che, and 吳政哲. "The Study for Stiffness of fully Slitted R.C. Wall." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89978021176697036909.
Full text國立成功大學
建築(工程)學系
86
Based on theory and test experiments of RC wall, thepurpose of this paper is to predict the lateral stiffnessdegrading and to establish the hysteretic rules of RCwall by using 28 types slitted RC walls. First of all, both of lateral reversal force and axial force are considered to establish the lateral stiffnessdegrading rules. In elastic and yielding stages, the wallpanels are regarded as " column model ", the column''supper boundary and lower boundary are treated as semi-rigid joint and rigid joint. In ultimate stage, the wall panels are also regarded as " equivalent truss model ". On the base of tri- linear stiffness degrading rules, thedegrading of stiffness and strength、pinching behaviorand hysteretic rules in researches are put into account insetting up the hysteretic rule of slitted RC walls. Therule includes 34 paths and can be divided into fourstages, such as elastic stage、cracking stage、yieldingstage and ultimate stage. Compared with the tests of RC walls in the past by using the rules of this paper, the differences betweenanalysis and tests are acceptable. And the energy absorption of slitted RC walls are large than traditional shear walls. Thus, the rule in the paper can be employed to static and dynamic analysis.
Chu, Nien-Chang, and 朱念璋. "Design of Multi-Band CPW-fed Slitted Monopole Antenna." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p5u3sr.
Full text國立虎尾科技大學
光電與材料科技研究所
98
In this thesis ,the main purpose research is the design of patch antenna for wireless communication system, using coplanar waveguide fed ( CPW-fed ) and slit design of two symmetrical and a non-symmetric multi-band monopole antenna. Research ( 1 ) the symmetric coplanar waveguide fed ( CPW-fed ) slitted monopole antenna for multi-band operation, the dual impedance bandwidths of measured antenna were 250 MHz ( 2.3 GHz ~ 2.55 GHz ) and 1.25 GHz ( 5.13 GHz ~ 6.38 GHz ) with resonant modes excited at 2.44 GHz、5.62 GHz and 6.18 GHz, the overall size is 25mm×25mm. ( 2 ) The asymmetrical ground plane coplanar waveguide fed ( CPW-fed ) slitted monopole antenna for triple-band operation, the triple impedance bandwidths of measured antenna were 120 MHz ( 2.25 GHz ~ 2.37 GHz )、370 MHz ( 3.4 GHz ~ 3.77 GHz ) and 1.95 GHz ( 5.14 GHz ~ 7.09 GHz ) with resonant modes excited at 2.3 GHz、3.56 GHz、5.55 GHz and 6.64 GHz, the overall size is 25mm×25mm. ( 3 ) The symmetrical ground plane coplanar waveguide fed ( CPW-fed ) slitted monopole antenna for dual-band operation, the dual impedance bandwidths of measured antenna were 210 MHz ( 2.34 GHz ~ 2.55 GHz ) and 4.82 GHz ( 4.8 GHz ~ 9.62 GHz ) with resonant modes excited at 2.42 GHz、5.21 GHz、6.61 GHz and 9.35 GHz, the overall size is 30 mm× 25 mm. Research methods include the use of IE3D electromagnetic simulation software, design the antenna elements with the appropriate band, followed by further experiments using single-sided printed circuit board etching the appropriate size and shape of the antenna, and then measure the return loss, radiation pattern and the antenna gain results, will be detailed in this paper of the note and to facilitate the application in the future.
Hong-Chew, Chen, and 陳宏州. "Aseismic Analysis of Slitted R.C. Shear Walls,by Plate Model." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74349072391461382387.
Full textChang, Leh-Chiun, and 張樂均. "Experiment on seismic behavior of RC frame with slitted walls." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sct9n5.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
107
The literature shows that RC filled walls are effective for improving the strength of earthquake resistance. However, the RC filled walls has problems such as increased structure stiffness, shortened structure period, and poor deformation capability. The wall simulation work during the design is complicated, which makes the engineers ignore the RC filled walls of the unstructured walls. The four-phase study before the study completed the experiment of the interaction between the wallboard and the boundary column between 12 RC pure frames and wall frame structures. There are two important findings: 1. Whether the wall frame can maintain the toughness and flexural behavior after the ultimate strength is related to the shear strength of the column and the wall.When the shear strength of the boundary column is higher than that of the wall, the behavior of the bending frame can be preserved. The crack develops along the interface between the wall panel and the column beam likeㄇ. The degree of the behavior of the bending frame is also positively correlated with the ratio of the shear strength of the column and wall. When the shear strength of the boundary column is smaller than that of the wall, there is no behavior of the bending frame, and the crack develops diagonally, and the wall and the column are destroyed at the same time. For the type of behavior that retains the bending frame. 2. For the type of behavior of retaining the bending structure, if the vertical crack test body on both sides of the wall appears first, the horizontally cracked structure firstly has a more complete anti-bending structure behavior, that is, the seismic behavior is better when the vertical crack occurs first. Therefore, this study carried out three RC wall frame specimens with different column depth and wall thickness ratios. The thickness of the wall at the interface of the column wall was measured by the slotting method to reduce the thickness of the section to control the crack development order, and the wall of the forced column wall interface. The vertical cracks are prioritized to develop a more complete bending and tough frame behavior, improve and maintain the integrity of the toughness and bending structure, and then optimize the seismic behavior of the wall-framed structure.
Chen, Yong-Lin, and 陳永霖. "Seismic Behavior of RC Moment Frames with 3-sides Slitted Walls." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38944696699848722884.
Full text雲林科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
97
This paper presents cyclic lateral loading behavior of four RC frame specimens, which are one moment frame, one moment frame in-filled with RC wall, and two moment frames in-filled with 3-sides-slit RC wall. Test results showed that the moment frame yielded about 1% drift, and maintained lateral resistance up to 4% drift without degraded. Which showed the moment frame had very good performance under earthquake attack. The in-filled RC wall contributed remarkable lateral resistance but reduced the ductility significantly with respect to the moment frame. The 3-sides-slit RC wall could allow moment frame deform without contacting RC wall in the elastic stage. After yielding of the frame, the lateral strength increased extensively as the side slits of RC wall closed and contacted the bounded frame. The ductility capacity of moment frame in-filled with 3-sides-slit RC wall was very similar with the moment frame. It was concluded that RC wall with 3-sides-slits could improve ductility significantly. Finally, this study found that the lateral response of RC moment frame with 3-sides-slits walls could be modeled by the combination of moment frame and equivalent bracing strut.
Mi, Fu-Shiang, and 米富祥. "Seismic Analysis of RC Frames with 3-sides Slitted RC Walls." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64801537085193267480.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
98
Abstract Most of reinforced concrete structures in Taiwan are designed as moment-resisting frames. The RC walls with high lateral stiffness characteristics, are bound to affect the seismic behavior of the frames. Based on the test results of Yang and Chen on the six slitted RC walls , this study applied structural analysis technique to investigate the behavior of Wall in the multi-storey frames, and also toidentify the better wall design and its advantages. This study adopts SAP2000 to implement the structural analysis. First, the hysteretic behavior of the six slitted RC walls under cyclic loading are simulated. Then models of five-story structures with or without walls are established. With capacity spectrum method, seismic assessment of the se frames are accomplished. The pushover analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis on these frames are conducted. Finally, the results from Pushover analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis are evaluated. The major results are: 1.Using single equivalent bracing model to simulate the experimental results of slitted RC walls has good matches. 2.According to seismic assessment, the performance of AS and BS are the best in the six tested slitted RC walls. 3.For the multi-storey buildings with walls at all floors,. seismic behavior of frames with slitted walls perform better than the pure frames. 4.For the multi-storey buildings with walls at all but the first floor, the frames perform well without a soft story. 5.For the multi-storey frame structure with AS or BS type slitted walls. The results of Pushover analysis are consistent with those of nonlinear dynamic analysis.
ZENG-LIANG and 曾亮. "Aseismic behaviours of reinforced concrete slitted shear walls without boundary columns but with openings." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91271501356120549082.
Full textHONG, SHUN-REN, and 洪舜仁. "Aseismic behavious of lowrise slitted reinforced concrete shearwalls subject to reversed cyclic horizontal loading." Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32237048352713277444.
Full textYang, Chih-Chin, and 楊智欽. "Behavior of Three-Side Semi-slitted Low Reinforcement Ratio RC Walls within RC Frames." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51983446018175850136.
Full text國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
97
Most of building structures in Taiwan are designed as moment-resisting reinforced concrete structures. Engineers do generally not consider the existence of the lightly reinforced “nonstructural walls” in design stage. In this research, a total of four specimens, including one moment-resisting frame (MF), one moment-resisting frame in-filled RC wall(MFW), and two moment-resisting frames with three-side semi-slitted RC walls(AI6 & AI4) were constructed and tested cyclically. The purpose of three-side semi-slits is to reduce the structural effect of nonstructural walls to frames. Test results shows that:(1) MF has a good ductility development under cyclic loading, and after reach the maximum strength it has no significant degradation;(2) The maximum strength of MFW about 3.0 times higher than MF, and the ductility ratio is 2.5;(3) The maximum strength of AI6 about 2.9 times higher than MF, and the ductility ratio is 1.9. The wall spalled significantly;(4) The maximum strength of AI4 about 1.9 times higher than MF, and ductility ratio was around 5.9;(5) The specimens with wall, the initial stiffness around 4.0 times higher than MF.
Hsu, Yao-Wen, and 許耀文. "Analysis and Design of Metal-Strip Grating Antennas Based on 2-D Slitted Parallel Plate Waveguide Model." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hh855x.
Full text國立臺灣大學
電信工程學研究所
105
We developed a novel approach to analyze and design a thin metal-strip grating (MSG) antenna. Starting from the basic element, we decomposed and transformed the MSG antenna problem into a fundamental topic - the scattering of a single slit on a parallel plate waveguide (PPW) with an oblique incident TEM wave. By deriving the 2-D Green''s functions of the problem, the reflection and transmission properties of the slit were successfully calculated and validated by full-wave simulations. The proposed 2-D slitted PPW model was then applied to several planar guided-wave structures, such as the substrate integrated wavequide (SIW) with transverse or longitudinal slits, the grounded co-planar waveguides (CPW), and the grounded co-planar striplines. We found and discussed some interesting and unique phenomena in these structures, such as the ``transmission-zero frequency" and the ``radiation-cut-off frequency" in transversely slitted SIW and the "leakage-free structure" in a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW). With the developed 2-D slitted PPW model, a MSG antenna was analyzed using cascaded equivalent circuits for the periodic slits. We divided the antenna problem into H-plane and E-plane cases and evaluate far-field patterns with the uniform and the periodic leaky wave models, respectively. We successfully predicted the antenna directivity and then used the validated model to optimize a finite-size thin MSG antenna. Additionally, we demonstrated the realistic design, implementation, and measurement of printed MSG antennas in terms of two feeding structures. The slot-fed design at 5GHz provided the antenna gain about 11dBi for the element, and 16dBi and 19dBi for 2x2 and 4x2 arrays, respectively. The inductor-fed design at 2.35GHz provided the antenna gain about 11dBi for the element, and 16dBi for 2x2 arrays with an enhanced impedance bandwidth of 3% . This comprehensive study covers the antenna theory, design, and experimental test. The work provides a self-consistent approach to analyze and design a thin MSG antenna. In addition to the antenna problem, the developed 2-D slitted PPW model may also efficiently solve the guided-wave problems with slit-based planar structures, especially with narrow slits where the meshing-based full-wave simulator is inept.
CHEN, MING-HUI, and 陳明徽. "The change of stiffness and damage assessment for reinforced concrete two-story slitted shear walls subject to reversed cyclic horizontal loadings." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12163056352425127792.
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