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Sari, Dyah Puspita, Ranti Novia, and J. Juniarti. "EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN UNTUK TANAMAN MANGGIS DAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGANNYA DI KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG." Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8, no. 2 (2021): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.2.2.
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Pauh District was chosen as mangosteen plantation development centre in Padang City. This development should be based on the land suitability so that the mangosteen plant are able to grow according to the climate and soil conditions. This research was conducted in Pauh District, Padang City and Soil Science Laboratory Andalas University. This study used a survey method that consisted of preparation, pre-survey, the main surveiy, laboratory analysis, and data processing. Evaluation of land suitability was done with matching method which compare the characteristics of land suitability for mangosteen growth. The results of research showed that land suitability for mangosteen was classified into S3 (marginally suitable) with subclass S3nr for land unit SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4, SL7, SL8, SL9, SL11, SL15; subclass S3eh for land unit SL14; subclass S3nr,eh for land unit SL5 and SL10. Land unit SL6, SL12, SL13, and SL16 were classified into S2 (moderately suitable) with subclass S2wa,nr for land unit SL6 and SL16; subclass S2wa,rc,nr,eh for land unit SL12; subclass S2wa,rc,nr for land unit SL13. The limiting factors was common to each land unit were nutrient retention (nr) and erosion (eh). There are 3 villages (Lambung Bukit, Limau Manis, and South Limau Manis) in Pauh District which have the greatest potential to be developed as mangosteen plantation development areas with total area was 5,862.42 ha.
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Syarifah, Syarifah, Delia Yusfarani, Sully P. Kharism, and Ahmad R. Fauzan. "Potensi Jamur Endofit dari Daun Jambu Nasi-Nasi (Syzygium zeylanicum) sebagai Antibiotik Alami dalam Mengobati Jerawat." Jurnal Biologi UNAND 12, no. 2 (2024): 156–65. https://doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.12.2.156-165.2024.
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Endophytic fungi are microscopic organisms that live in leaves, stem bark and root bark at certain periods by forming colonies without harming their hosts, and even have a mutually beneficial relationship. Endophytic fungi generally produce secondary metabolites that have useful biological activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral and anticancer. Endophytic fungi can be found in various types of plants, especially in medicinal plants, such as Syzygium zeylanicum, which is one of the many medicinal plants found in Indonesia. A total of 6 endophytic fungal isolates were successfully isolated from the nasi-nasi guava, namely Septonema, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Trichoderma aureoviridae, Acremonium, Sclerotium, Scopulariopsis asperula. Antibacterial activity was carried out using the agar diffusion method. The percentage of antibacterial activity values shows that SL1, SL2, SL3, SL4, SL5 and SL 6 all have strong antibacterial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes, while for the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis it is found that isolates SL1, SL4 and SL6 have strong antibacterial activity and isolates SL2, SL3 and SL5 had moderate antibacterial activity. This category shows that the extract of the endophytic fungus Syzygium zeyanicum has antibacterial potential.
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Sogawa, Kenichi, Makoto Araki, Masanao Okada, et al. "Pharmacological studies on the steroid SLO, SL1 and SL2.(I)." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 49 (1989): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)56060-7.
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I Gusti Ngurah Kadek Hary Mahardi and Noveldesra Suhery. "PENERAPAN STANDAR LAIK OPERASI (SLO) PADA KAPAL PERIKANAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN PANTAI (PPP) MAYANGAN." ALBACORE Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Laut 6, no. 3 (2023): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/core.6.3.305-314.
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Standar Laik Operasi (SLO) merupakan salah satu instrumen dalam pengawasan perikanan sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 23 Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alur dan prosedur penerbitan SLO serta status penerapannya pada kapal perikanan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Mayangan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu observasi langsung dan wawancara. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer yang didapatkan dengan mengikuti kegiatan pemeriksaan dokumen dan fisik kapal. Selain itu, digunakan data sekunder berupa rekapitulasi penerbitan SLO oleh Satuan Pengawas Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan Probolinggo. Proses penerbitan SLO dimulai dari pelaporan rencana keberangkatan pada aplikasi SIPELIKAN yang ditindaklanjuti dengan pemeriksaan dokumen dan fisik kapal. Penyebab tidak diterbitkannya SLO yaitu adanya syarat dokumen yang habis masa berlaku dan/atau tidak terpasangnya transmitter Sistem Pemantauan Kapal Perikanan pada kapal penangkap ikan skala besar. Tercatat sebanyak 256 SLO yang diterbitkan selama Januari hingga Juni 2022 yang didominasi oleh SLO untuk kapal penangkap ikan sebesar 78,13 % sedangkan sisanya merupakan SLO untuk kapal pengangkut ikan. Penerbitan SLO di PPP Mayangan didominasi oleh kapal perikanan skala besar sebanyak 62 %, diikuti kapal skala menengah 36 % dan skala kecil 2 %.
 Kata kunci: Mayangan, Probolinggo, SLO
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Surguchev, Alexei, Jun-Ping Bai, Powrnima Joshi, and Dhasakumar Navaratnam. "Hair cell BK channels interact with RACK1, and PKC increases its expression on the cell surface by indirect phosphorylation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 303, no. 2 (2012): C143—C150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00062.2012.
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Large conductance (BK) calcium activated potassium channels (Slo) are ubiquitous and implicated in a number of human diseases including hypertension and epilepsy. BK channels consist of a pore forming α-subunit (Slo) and a number of accessory subunits. In hair cells of nonmammalian vertebrates these channels play a critical role in electrical resonance, a mechanism of frequency selectivity. Hair cell BK channel clusters on the surface and currents increase along the tonotopic axis and contribute significantly to the responsiveness of these hair cells to sounds of high frequency. In contrast, messenger RNA levels encoding the Slo gene show an opposite decrease in high frequency hair cells. To understand the molecular events underlying this paradox, we used a yeast two-hybrid screen to isolate binding partners of Slo. We identified Rack1 as a Slo binding partner and demonstrate that PKC activation increases Slo surface expression. We also establish that increased Slo recycling of endocytosed Slo is at least partially responsible for the increased surface expression of Slo. Moreover, analysis of several PKC phosphorylation site mutants confirms that the effects of PKC on Slo surface expression are likely indirect. Finally, we show that Slo clusters on the surface of hair cells are also increased by increased PKC activity and may contribute to the increasing amounts of channel clusters on the surface of high-frequency hair cells.
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Limbago, Brandi, Vikram Penumalli, Brian Weinrick, and June R. Scott. "Role of Streptolysin O in a Mouse Model of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 11 (2000): 6384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.11.6384-6390.2000.
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ABSTRACT Many of the virulence factors that have been characterized for group A streptococci (GAS) are not expressed in all clinical isolates. One putative virulence factor that is present among most is streptolysin O (Slo), a protein with well-characterized cytolytic activity for many eukaryotic cells types. In other bacterial pathogens, proteins homologous to Slo have been shown to be essential for virulence, but the role of Slo in GAS had not been previously examined. To investigate the role of Slo in GAS virulence, we examined both revertible and stable slo mutants in a mouse model of invasive disease. When the revertible slo mutant was used to infect mice, the reversion frequency of bacteria isolated from the wounds and spleens of infected animals was more than 100 times that of the inoculum, indicating that there was selective pressure in the animal for Slo+ GAS. Experiments with the stableslo mutant demonstrated that Slo was not necessary for the formation of necrotic lesions, nor was it necessary for escape from the lesion to cause disseminated infection. Bacteria were present in the spleens of 50% of the mice that survived infection with the stableslo mutant, indicating that dissemination of Slo− GAS does not always cause disease. Finally, mice infected with the stable slo mutant exhibited a significant decrease in mortality rates compared to mice infected with wild-type GAS (P < 0.05), indicating that Slo plays an important role in GAS virulence.
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Naruse, K., Y. M. Shin, Y. S. Quan, C. S. Park, and D. I. Jin. "70 FETAL FIBROBLAST CELLS PERMEABILIZED WITH STREPTOLYSIN O IMPROVE THE RATES OF FUSION AND IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF PORCINE RECONSTRUCTED EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, no. 1 (2007): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv19n1ab70.
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Streptolysin O (SLO) is known to bacterial proteins that form very large pores in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. SLO has been used in the delivery of proteins into living cells following permeabilization. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of permeabilization of donor cells using SLO on in vitro development of porcine reconstructed embryos. Porcine fetal fibroblast cells were treated with Ca2+-free DMEM medium containing 200 ng mL−1 of SLO for 50 min before or after trypsinization. Those SLO-treated donor cells were injected into enucleated oocytes, fused with 2 DC pulses (1.2 kV cm−1, 30 µs) and cultured in procine zygote medium-3 (PZM-3) for 6 days. In vitro development of the reconstructed embryos was examined. SLO treatment after trypsinzation significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) the percentage of fusion rates and blastocyst developmental rates compared with that before trypsinization or in the nontreated group. Additionally there were no significant differences in fusion rates, cleavage rates, blastocyst developmental rates, and total cell number of blastocysts between the SLO-treated group before trypsinzation and the nontreated group. Next, after the trypsinzation treatment, fetal fibroblast cells were incubated in Ca2+-free DMEM containing 200 ng mL−1 of SLO for 0, 30, 50, and 70 min and SLO-treated donor cells were also tested for fusion rate and developmental capability following reconstruction. The 50-min group of SLO-treated cells significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) the percentage of fusion rates (90.6 vs. 77.6, 85.4, and 78.5%) and blastocyst developmental rates (24.7 vs. 13.5, 11.2, and 13.5%) compared with the other groups (Table 1). However, there was no significant difference in the total cell number of blastocysts among SLO-treated groups. Although cleavage rates the in SLO-treated groups were not significantly different from those of the nontreated group, there the cleavage rates were slightly in SLO-treated groups. In conclusion, permeabilization of porcine fetal fibroblast cells with SLO improves the fusion rates and in vitro development of porcine reconstructed embryos. Table 1.Effects of SLO treatment of fetal fibroblasts by different exposure times on in vitro development of porcine reconstructed embryos
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Boiko, Ernest V., and Dmitrii S. Maltsev. "Retro-Mode Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Planning for Navigated Macular Laser Photocoagulation in Macular Edema." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3726353.
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Purpose. To compare treatment areas and navigated macular laser photocoagulation (MLP) plans suggested by retro-mode scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (RM-SLO) image versus optical coherence tomography (OCT) central retinal thickness map and treatment planning among retina specialists.Methods. Thirty-nine eyes with diabetic or branch retinal vein occlusion-related ME undergoing navigated MLP with navigated photocoagulator had OCT and RM-SLO taken. OCT map and RM-SLO image were imported to the photocoagulator and aligned onto the retina. Two retina specialists placed laser spot marks separately based on OCT and RM-SLO images in a random fashion. The spots placed by each physician were compared between OCT and RM-SLO and among physicians. The areas of retinal edema on OCT and RM-SLO of the same eye were also compared.Results. The average number of laser spots using RM-SLO and OCT template was189.6±77.4and136.6±46.8, respectively,P=0.003. The average area of edema on RM-SLO image was larger than that on OCT map (14.5±3.9 mm2versus10.3±2.8 mm2,P=0.005) because of a larger scanning area. There was narrow variability in treatment planning among retina specialists for both RM-SLO (P=0.13) and OCT (P=0.19).Conclusion. The RM-SLO image superimposed onto the fundus of the same eye can be used to guide MLP with narrow variability in treatment planning among retina specialists. The treatment areas suggested by RM-SLO-guided MLP plans for ME were shown to be larger than those suggested by OCT-guided plans.
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Lubis, Maulana Arafat, Deny Setiawan, Reh Bungana Beru Perangin-angin, Ahmad Arifuddin, and Nashran Azizan. "Implementation of the Angkola Culture-Based Experiential Learning Model in the Technological Era." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 11 (2024): 3765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/h4cmyw04.
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The learning system in Indonesia began to transform to technology due to the demands of the times. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic is the reason for online learning. Technology-based learning is the prima donna today and is believed to be able to facilitate educators in transferring knowledge. This study aims to improve student learning outcomes (SLO) on Pancasila subjects and civic education. This study used Kurt Lewin's three-cycle model for the study Research findings show that in each cycle, SLO increases. SLO at pre-cycle was 35.71%. In cycle 1, there was an increase in SLO, namely by 50%. In cycle 2 SLO increased to 71.42%. In cycle 3, SLO increased to 92.85%. This increase in SLO is due to the integration of the EBA (Experiential Based Angkola) learning model with technology during learning.
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Samimi, Nastaran, Masood Sepehrimanesh, Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi, Reza Homayounfar, Maral Mokhtari, and Mojtaba Farjam. "The Therapeutic Effect of Shark Liver Oil in a Rat Model of Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 21, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2419230.
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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most well-known types of inflammatory bowel disease that manifests as recurrent inflammation of rectum and colon. The goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of shark liver oil (SLO) on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Eighty induced UC rats were randomly divided into ten equal groups and received the following treatments for seven days: 1 ml of normal saline rectally, 1 ml of gel base (carboxymethyl cellulose) rectally, 10 mg/kg of Asacol rectally, 10 mg/kg of mesalazine orally, 5% gel form of SLO rectally, 10% gel form of SLO rectally, 200 mg of SLO orally, and 400 mg of SLO orally. We examined the oxidative stress indices, histopathological features, and body weight changes, as well as the function of the liver and kidneys at the end of treatment. Administration of 10% rectal and 400 mg oral SLO resulted in a significant weight gain. Also, glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in 5% and 10% SLO-treated groups, and elevated superoxide dismutase activity in rats that received 5% SLO was observed compared to negative control and Asacol groups. While no significant changes were observed in most of the kidney and liver function markers, higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase were detected in the group that received 400 mg SLO orally compared to negative control and Asacol groups. Many histopathological signs of improvement were observed in mesalazine, Asacol, and SLO groups. There were no significant changes detected in the mean rank among different groups. Our data indicate that SLO supplementation could improve the amelioration of acetic acid-induced UC in rats due to its antioxidant effects.
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Datta, Anita N., Laura Wallbank, Johann Micallef, and Peter K. H. Wong. "Pediatric Occipital Spikes at a Single Center Over 26 Years and the Significance of Tangential Dipole." Journal of Child Neurology 36, no. 7 (2021): 530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073820984042.
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Background: Pediatric occipital epileptiform discharges occur in various clinical settings, including self-limited and treatment-resistant epilepsies. The study objective is to determine electro-clinical predictors for prognosis in children with occipital epileptiform discharges. Methods: 205 patients with occipital epileptiform discharges were classified into seizure groups: self-limited occipital (SLO) (n = 57), including Panayiotopoulos and Gastaut syndrome; non-self-limited occipital (non-SLO) (n = 98), including various seizure etiologies; genetic-generalized (n = 18); febrile (n = 5); and no-seizure (n = 27) groups. Electro-clinical features of the SLO and non-SLO were compared, as this is of most clinical relevance. Results: The median age of seizure onset was 3 years (range: 0-19). Occipital epileptiform discharges with frontal/central positivity were present in both groups, but more common in the SLO than non-SLO groups; 21/57 (36.8%) and 19/98 (19.4%), respectively ( P < .022). However, when occipital epileptiform discharges with tangential dipoles ( P < .048) were accompanied by abnormal ictal eye movements ( P < .037), they were predictive of SLO epilepsy. Conclusions: In our cohort, occipital epileptiform discharges with tangential dipole detected by visual analysis and abnormal ictal eye movements were predictive of SLO epilepsy.
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Arzanlou, Mohsen, and Shahab Bohlooli. "Inhibition of streptolysin O by allicin – an active component of garlic." Journal of Medical Microbiology 59, no. 9 (2010): 1044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.019539-0.
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Streptolysin O (SLO) is a potent cytolytic toxin produced by almost all strains of group A streptococci and is considered an important virulence factor for this organism. In this study we investigated the effect of allicin and aqueous garlic extracts on the haemolytic activity of SLO. All tested materials potentially inhibited the SLO haemolytic activity. Allicin neutralized SLO in a dose- and time-dependent manner. A 15 min incubation of SLO with 35 μg allicin totally inhibited the haemolytic activity of SLO [IC50 (concentration necessary to reach half maximum inhibition)=5.97 μg]. The inhibitory activity of an old extract of garlic was equipotent to pure allicin (IC50=6.27 μg; P<0.05). In contrast, fresh extract of garlic inhibited the SLO haemolytic activity at lower concentrations (IC50=1.59 μl; 1.9 μg allicin). The inhibitory effect of the allicin was restored by addition of reducing agent DTT at 2 mM, suggesting that allicin likely inhibits the SLO by binding to the cysteine residue in the binding site. These results indicate a new activity for allicin and allicin may be a potential alternative drug against streptococcal diseases.
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Thorneloe, K. S., A. L. Meredith, A. M. Knorn, R. W. Aldrich, and M. T. Nelson. "Urodynamic properties and neurotransmitter dependence of urinary bladder contractility in the BK channel deletion model of overactive bladder." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 289, no. 3 (2005): F604—F610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00060.2005.
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Overactive bladder and incontinence are major medical issues, which lack effective therapy. Previously, we showed (Meredith AL, Thornloe KS, Werner ME, Nelson MT, and Aldrich RW. J Biol Chem 279: 36746–36752, 2004) that the gene mSlo1 encodes large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels of urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) and that ablation of mSlo1 leads to enhanced myogenic and nerve-mediated contractility and increased urination frequency. Here, we examine the in vivo urodynamic consequences and neurotransmitter dependence in the absence of the BK channel. The sensitivity of contractility to nerve stimulation was greatly enhanced in UBSM strips from Slo−/− mice. The stimulation frequency required to obtain a 50% maximal contraction was 8.3 ± 0.9 and 19.1 ± 1.8 Hz in Slo−/− and Slo +/+ mice, respectively. This enhancement is at least partially due to alterations in UBSM excitability, as muscarinic-induced Slo−/− contractility is elevated in the absence of neuronal activity. Muscarinic-induced Slo−/− contractility was mimicked by blocking BK channels with iberiotoxin (IBTX) in Slo +/+ strips, whereas IBTX had no effect on Slo−/− strips. IBTX also enhanced purinergic contractions of Slo +/+ UBSM but was without effect on purinergic contractions of Slo−/− strips. In vivo bladder pressure and urine output measurements (cystometry) were performed on conscious, freely moving mice. Slo−/− mice exhibited increased bladder pressures, pronounced pressure oscillations, and urine dripping. Our results indicate that the BK channel in UBSM has a very significant role in urinary function and dysfunction and as such likely represents an important therapeutic target.
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Tan, Charlene. "The school as a learning organisation in China." Journal of Professional Capital and Community 5, no. 1 (2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpcc-09-2019-0024.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to respond to a recent article published in this journal by Stoll and Kools (2017) on the “School as a Learning Organisation” (SLO). It critiques Stoll and Kools’ integrated model of a SLO by investigating whether the model can be applied to a specific socio-cultural schooling context using the example of mainland China. Design/methodology/approach This paper reviews the extant published works on SLO with a focus on Stoll and Kools’ integrated model of a SLO. The paper also reviews the existing literature on schooling practices in China. Findings It is argued that the application of Stoll and Kools’ integrated model of a SLO in China needs to take into consideration and incorporate the prevailing centralised, hierarchical and collective characteristics in the country. Research limitations/implications The paper questions the universal application of the seven action-oriented dimensions of the SLO for all schools regardless of socio-cultural contexts. It highlights the mediating and moderating effects of local histories, conditions and developments when promoting SLO in a specific learning site. Practical implications Policymakers, researchers and educators need to contextualise the ideal of the SLO by interpreting and appropriating it in ways that are compatible with the dominant socio-cultural norms and practices in a particular locality. Originality/value This paper fills a current gap by relating the notion of SLO model to the schooling settings in China. It offers a collective slant to SLO that is tailored for the educational realities and experiences in China.
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Cibulsky, Susan M., Hong Fei, and Irwin B. Levitan. "Syntaxin-1A Binds to and Modulates the Slo Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel via an Interaction That Excludes Syntaxin Binding to Calcium Channels." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 3 (2005): 1393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00789.2004.
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From its position in presynaptic nerve terminals, the large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, Slo, regulates neurotransmitter release. Several other ion channels known to control neurotransmitter release have been implicated in physical interactions with the neurotransmitter release machinery. For example, the Cav2.2 (N-type) Ca2+ channel binds to and is modulated by syntaxin-1A and SNAP-25. Furthermore, a close juxtaposition of Slo and Cav2.2 is presumed to be necessary for functional coupling between the two channels, which has been shown in neurons. We report that Slo exhibits a strong association with syntaxin-1A. Robust co-immunoprecipitation of Slo and syntaxin-1A occurs from transfected HEK293 cells as well as from brain. However, despite this strong interaction and the known association between syntaxin-1A and the II–III loop of Cav2.2, these three proteins do not co-immunoprecipitate in a trimeric complex from transfected HEK293 cells. The Slo-syntaxin-1A co-immunoprecipitation is not significantly influenced by [Ca2+]. Multiple relatively weak interactions may sum up to a tight physical coupling of full-length Slo with syntaxin-1A: the C-terminal tail and the S0–S1 loop of Slo each co-immunoprecipitate with syntaxin-1A. The presence of syntaxin-1A leads to reduced Slo channel activity due to an increased V1/2 for activation in 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM Ca2+, reduced voltage-sensitivity in 1 μM Ca2+, and slower rates of activation in 10 μM Ca2+. Potential physiological consequences of the interaction between Slo and syntaxin-1A include enhanced excitability through modulation of Slo channel activity and reduced neurotransmitter release due to disruption of syntaxin-1A binding to the Cav2.2 II–III loop.
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Liu, He, Zhipeng Qiu, Huihui Pan, et al. "Molybdenum Carbide and Sulfide Nanoparticles as Selective Hydrotreating Catalysts for FCC Slurry Oil to Remove Olefins and Sulfur." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (2021): 2721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102721.
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As the two types of major impurities in FCC slurry oil (SLO), olefins and sulfur seriously deteriorate the preparation and quality of mesophase pitch or needle coke. The development of a hydrotreatment for SLO to remove olefins and sulfur selectively becomes imperative. This work presents the potentiality of dispersed Mo2C and MoS2 nanoparticles as selective hydrotreating catalysts of SLO. Mo2C was synthesized by the carbonization of citric acid, ammonium molybdate and KCl mixtures while MoS2 was prepared from the decomposition of precursors. These catalysts were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, XPS, BJH, BET, and applied to the hydrotreating of an SLO surrogate with defined components and real SLO. The conversion of olefins, dibenzothiophene and anthracene in the surrogate was detected by GC-MS. Elemental analysis, bromine number, diene value, 1H-NMR and spot test were used to characterize the changes of the real SLO. The results show that hydrotreating the SLO surrogate with a very small amount of Mo-based nanoparticles could selectively remove olefins and sulfur without the overhydrogenation of polyaromatics. Mo2C exhibited much better activity than MoS2, with 95% of olefins and dibenzothiophene in the surrogate removed while only 15% anthracene was hydrogenated. The stability of the real SLO was significantly improved. Its structural parameters changed subtly, proving the aromatic macromolecules had been preserved.
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Romero, Matthew, Pushpak Bhattacharjee, and Peter Keyel. "SLO induced inflammasome activation is triggered by pore-formation instead of membrane repair (INM6P.337)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (2015): 193.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.193.11.
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Abstract Macrophages activate membrane repair and the inflammasome in response to bacterial pore-forming toxins like streptolysin O (SLO). SLO mutants that are more easily resisted by repair processes produce increased amounts of IL-1β. This suggests that membrane repair may influence inflammasome activation, though it is not clear whether pore-formation or triggering repair pathways directly activates the inflammasome. In order to determine the relationship between membrane repair and the inflammasome, we first determined the mechanism of membrane repair in macrophages. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity of SLO is lower in macrophages than in either 3T3 or HeLa cell lines, indicating increased repair efficiency in macrophages. This was not due to decreased SLO binding to macrophages. Macrophages challenged with sublytic doses of SLO shed microvesicles similar to HeLa and 3T3 cells. Although pore-formation was necessary for inflammasome activation, the pore-dead SLO N402E still promoted microvesicle shedding. However, a second SLO pore-dead mutant, SLO G395V/G396V failed to promote shedding. This suggests that membrane binding and the extent of oligomerization, rather than pore-formation, is necessary to trigger membrane repair. Since pore-formation is necessary for IL-1β secretion, these data suggest that membrane repair itself does not promote inflammasome activation. Instead membrane repair preserves the cell long enough to execute its inflammatory program.
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Siliņa-Jasjukeviča, Gunta, Ilze Briška, Inese Lūsēna-Ezera, Agnese Lastovska, and Inga Linde. "Implementation of the School as a Learning Organisation Approach in Vocational Education: The Case of Latvia." Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia 52 (August 12, 2024): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/actpaed.2024.52.3.
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Context. Recent studies recognise that the use of the School as a Learning Organisation (SLO) approach in educational management is the key factor ensuring a general education institution’s ability to effectively implement the education policy goals and adapt to change as the use of SLO. Although vocational education has different predominant goals and different target groups, likewise general education, it is exposed to dynamic change and new challenges.Purpose. Within the framework of the study, it was researched whether and how SLO can be applied in vocational education as the use of SLO facilitates a high level of professional competence of the management and academic staff, enhances common strategic vision, responsibility and autonomy, diverse collaboration, effective resource management, and the dissemination of knowledge and good practice, which are also important in vocational education.Methods. Using qualitative data analysis, the paper analyses the experience of EU and OECD countries in the implementation of SLO in vocational education and identifies, which dimensions of the SLO model are represented in the policy and practice of vocational education in Latvia. In the focus group interviews with representatives of vocational education institutions of Latvia, the characteristics of the SLO approach in vocational education were studied, challenges were described and solutions proposed for the targeted implementation of the SLO approach in vocational education in Latvia.Results. All 7 dimensions of the SLO can be found in the education policy documents of the EU and OECD countries and Latvia, as well as in the focus group interviews, which shows that there is a gradual progress towards the transformation of vocational education institutions into learning organisations.Conclusions. For education policy makers: Since the features of SLO are only partially visible in vocational education documents in Latvia, the framework should be improved to cover all dimensions of the SLO, and norms and agreements on collective understanding should be harmonised in policy documents. For school representatives: Raise awareness of the staff of vocational education institutions of the essence of the SLO and its role in improving the quality of education and ensure that all dimensions of SLO are understood and addressed appropriately. For entrepreneurs: Help define the diverse, varied manifestations of professions in the sector in order to engage the individual potential of learners as effectively as possible. For researchers: Help find ways to resolve controversies by identifying good practice and research.
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Horie, Shintaro, Yudai Suzuki, Takeshi Yoshida, and Kyoko Ohno-Matsui. "Blue Wavelength of Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope Potentially Detects Arteriosclerotic Lesions in Diabetic Retinopathy." Diagnostics 14, no. 13 (2024): 1411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131411.
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(1) Background: The fundus examination is one of the best and popular methods in the assessment of vascular status in the human body. Direct viewing of retinal vessels by ophthalmoscopy has been utilized in judging hypertensive change or arteriosclerosis. Recently, fundus imaging with the non-mydriatic scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) has been widely used in ophthalmological clinics since it has multimodal functions for optical coherence tomography or angiography with contrast agent dye. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility in detecting arteriosclerosis of retinal vessels in SLO images; (2) Methods: Both color and blue standard field SLO images of eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) were examined retrospectively. Retinal arteriosclerosis in color SLO images was graded according to the Scheie classification. Additionally, characteristics of retinal arterioles in blue SLO images were identified and examined for their relevance to arteriosclerosis grades, stages of DR or general complications; (3) Results: Relative to color fundus images, blue SLO images showed distinct hyper-reflective retinal arterioles against a monotone background. Irregularities of retinal arterioles identified in blue SLO images were frequently observed in the eyes of patients with severe arteriosclerosis (Grade 3: 79.0% and Grade 4: 81.8%). Furthermore, the findings on arterioles were more frequently associated with the eyes of DR patients with renal dysfunction (p < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: While color SLO images are equally as useful in assessing retinal arteriosclerosis as photography or ophthalmoscopy, the corresponding blue SLO images show arteriosclerotic lesions with high contrast in a monotone background. Retinal arteriosclerosis in eyes of advanced grades or advanced DR frequently show irregularities of retinal arterioles in the blue images. The findings of low, uneven, or discontinuous attenuation were easier to find in blue than in color SLO images. Consequently, blue SLO images can show pathological micro-sclerosis in retinal arterioles and are potentially one of the safe and practical methods for the vascular assessment of diabetic patients.
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Sierig, Gabriele, Colette Cywes, Michael R. Wessels, and Cameron D. Ashbaugh. "Cytotoxic Effects of Streptolysin O and Streptolysin S Enhance the Virulence of Poorly Encapsulated Group A Streptococci." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 1 (2003): 446–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.1.446-455.2003.
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ABSTRACT Although the toxicity of streptolysin O (SLO) and streptolysin S (SLS) in purified group A streptococci (GAS) has been established, the effect of these molecules in natural infection is not well understood. To identify whether biologically relevant concentrations of SLO and SLS were cytotoxic to epithelial and phagocytic cells that the bacteria would typically encounter during human infection and to characterize the influence of cell injury on bacterial pathogenesis, we derived GAS strains deficient in SLO or SLS in the background of an invasive GAS M3 isolate and determined their virulence in in vitro and in vivo models of human disease. Whereas bacterial production of SLO resulted in lysis of both human keratinocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, GAS expression of SLS was associated only with keratinocyte injury. Expression of SLO but not SLS impaired polymorphonuclear leukocyte killing of GAS in vitro, but this effect could only be demonstrated in the background of acapsular organisms. In mouse invasive soft-tissue infection, neither SLO or SLS expression significantly influenced mouse survival. By contrast, in a mouse model of bacterial sepsis after intraperitoneal inoculation of GAS, SLO expression enhanced the virulence of both encapsulated and acapsular GAS, whereas SLS expression increased the virulence only of acapsular GAS. We conclude that the cytotoxic effects of SLO protect GAS from phagocytic killing and enhance bacterial virulence, particularly of strains that may be relatively deficient in hyaluronic acid capsule. Compared to SLO, SLS in this strain background has a more modest influence on GAS pathogenicity and the effect does not appear to involve bacterial resistance to phagocytosis.
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Ticona Rendón, Manuel, Diana Ticona Huanco, and Diana Huanco Apaza. "SÍNDROME DE SMITH-LEMLI-OPITZ (SLO). PRESENTACIÓN DE UN CASO." Revista Médica Basadrina 9, no. 2 (2019): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33326/26176068.2015.2.585.
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El Síndrome de Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLO) es uno de los múltiples síndromes de malformaciones congénitas arquetípicas. El reciente descubrimiento de la causa bioquímica de SLO y la consiguiente redefinición de SLO como un error innato del metabolismo del colesterol han dado lugar a nuevas e importantes posibilidades de tratamiento para los pacientes afectados. El papel del colesterol en la formación de hormonas esteroides también ha proporcionado una posible explicación de las características del comportamiento anormal de SLO.
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Mulyana, Imam. "SECURING INDONESIA’S EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES THROUGH SOCIAL LICENSE TO OPERATE." Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum 6, no. 1 (2021): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/jbmh.v6i1.645.
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Public participation is one of the important factors in the extractive industry, especially to ensure that the development of new mining projects can begin successfully. Social License to Operate (SLO) is a contemporary concept that rapidly develops and is widely known as a method for building relationships between mining companies and the communities surrounding the mining project. This article attempts to introduce the concept of SLO and provide an initial overview of the implementation of SLO in the extractive industry in Indonesia. In addition, this article also examines the relationship between SLO and another similar concept, namely Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA). This article finds that although SLO and IEA have differences, the similarities between the two concepts could potentially be unified to cope with the shortcomings mutually. After analysing the implementation of SLO in several mining projects in Indonesia and considering the issuance of Law no. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, this article argues that the existence of SLO could be utilized as an alternative method to strengthen the relationship between community and mining companies, improve the quality of participation, and reduce community resistance to the development of extractive industry projects in Indonesia.
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Peter, Anca, Leonard M. Cozmuta, Camelia Nicula, et al. "Barrier properties, migration into the food simulants and antimicrobial activity of paper-based materials with functionalized surface." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221106347.
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The study investigates four paper-based materials designed for short-time wrapping of meat products by determining morpho-structure, capillary-hydroscopic, barrier and antibacterial properties, wettability and migration into food simulants. The paper-based materials are coded as RO, SP, IT and SLO. RO and SLO samples exhibit the best barrier properties against water vapors. The low solubility and contact angles of RO, IT and SLO in A simulant (distilled water) make them suitable for aqueous food storage. The extremely high solubility of SP and SLO in simulant B (acetic acid) shows that wax and hydrophobized starch, respectively are carried by the acidic media, thus these agents are unlikely to coat the paper designed to package acidic food. SLO inhibits E. coli, Salmonella enterica, Lysteria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fluorescens. Polyethylene coated on RO and IT surface and wax impregnated on SP have a lower antimicrobial activity in comparison with hydrophobized starch coated on SLO.
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Fayinminnu, O. O., N. C. Isienyi, F. O. Aigbokha, and A. A. Adediran. "Evaluation of Poultry Manure and Cow Dung on Solanum lycopersicum L Planted on Spent Oil Polluted Soil." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 12 (2022): 2029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i12.5.
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Pollution from Spent Lubricating Oil (SLO) is one of the major problems farmers encounter in Nigeria. The study is a completely randomized design with Ibadan Local tomato seedlings grown on the following treatments: 0 ml SLO (control), 75ml SLO, 35g of poultry-manure + 75ml SLO, 35g of cow-dung + 75ml SLO, and 4g of NPK + 75ml SLO replicated four times. Physico-chemical parameters of the soil, poultry manure (PM) and cow-dung (CD), heavy metals, and Total-Petroleum-Hydrocarbon (TPH) were determined before and after pollution using standard procedures. Tomato seedlings were transplanted into pots of amended soil with SLO (5 kg/2 plants) and monitored till maturity. Data were taken on growth, yield parameters and analyzed using ANOVA (p<0.05). Results showed significant differences among the treatments. The soil textural class was sandy-loamy with pH (7.2). Tomato in control plots had the highest values 48.30cm plant-height (PH), number-of-leaves (82.63) (NOL), number-of-fruits (0.98) (NOFR) and fresh-weight (0.55g) (FW). Tomato plants grown on CD amended had the lowest 14.40 cm PH, SLO at 75 ml had 6.00 and 1.71cm for NOL and SD, respectively. The NOFR 0.70 value was from PM amended, FW 0.10g was from SLO at 75ml. Heavy-metals bioaccumulation ranges were: Cu 3.00-36.61mg/kg and Zn 15.00-303.79mg/kg. The final TPHs ranged from 181.66 -1350.00mg/kg, while % TPH removal ranged from 4.69- 53.18%. Cow-dung treated soil reduced the amount of copper and zinc present compared with spent oil soil. The growth performance of tomatoes in this study suggests that soil amendment should be encouraged.
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Wang, Peng, Zhouquan Zhu, and Shuai Huang. "Seven-Spot Ladybird Optimization: A Novel and Efficient Metaheuristic Algorithm for Numerical Optimization." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/378515.
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This paper presents a novel biologically inspired metaheuristic algorithm called seven-spot ladybird optimization (SLO). The SLO is inspired by recent discoveries on the foraging behavior of a seven-spot ladybird. In this paper, the performance of the SLO is compared with that of the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and artificial bee colony algorithms by using five numerical benchmark functions with multimodality. The results show that SLO has the ability to find the best solution with a comparatively small population size and is suitable for solving optimization problems with lower dimensions.
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Purnama, Nanda Rizki, Gilbran Gaffar, Ratna Mutia Aprilla, and Yusni Hafriadi. "Alur Pengawasan Standar Laik Operasi (SLO) Kapal Perikanan di Pangkalan Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan Lampulo, Banda Aceh." Jurnal Kelautan dan Perikanan Indonesia 4, no. 1 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jkpi.v4i1.37261.
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Standar Laik Operasi Kapal Perikanan yang selanjutnya disebut SLO adalah surat keterangan yang menyatakan bahwa kapal perikanan telah memenuhi persyaratan administrasi dan kelayakan teknis untuk melakukan kegiatan perikanan. Penerbitan SLO merupakan salah satu bentuk tindakan pengawasan secara preventif. Tindakan pengawasan secara preventif dilakukan dengan cara memeriksa kelengkapan dokumen dan kelayakan teknis sebelum kapal berangkat. Pengawasan ini bertujuan untuk pengecekan kelengkapan dokumen kapal dan mencegah tindakan pelanggaran dalam penangkapan seperti penggunaan alat tangkap terlarang. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan Praktek Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di Pangkalan Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan (PSDKP) Lampulo ialah untuk mengetahui alur pengawasan terhadap administrasi BA-HPK keberangkatan kapal perikanan dan penerbitan Standar Laik Operasi (SLO). Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengamatan secara langsung mengenai pemeriksaan kesesuaian fisik kapal dengan dokumen kapal perikanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penerbitan Standar Laik Operasi yang dilaksanakan di Pangkalan Pengawasan Sumberdaya Kelautan dan Perikanan terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu Standar Operasi Prosedur (SOP) Standar Laik Operasi (SLO), Mekanisme Permohonan Standar Laik Operasi (SLO), Prosedur Penerbitan Standar Laik Operasi (SLO).
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Padfield, P. J., and N. Panesar. "Ca(2+)-dependent amylase secretion from SLO-permeabilized rat pancreatic acini requires diffusible cytosolic proteins." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 269, no. 5 (1995): G647—G652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1995.269.5.g647.
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Streptolysin O (SLO)-permeabilized pancreatic acini are now frequently used to study regulated exocytosis in the exocrine pancreas. In this paper we introduce alpha-toxin as a possible alternative permeabilization agent to SLO. Both alpha-toxin and SLO are bacterial cytolysins, but the membrane pores generated by SLO are approximately 5-10 times larger than those formed by alpha-toxin. The Ca2+ requirements for amylase secretion from both types of permeabilized acini were identical, maximal amylase secretion being obtained at 30 microM Ca2+ with an effective concentration of approximately 3-4 microM Ca2+ producing 50% of the maximal response. However, Ca(2+)-stimulated amylase secretion from the SLO-permeabilized acini stopped after 10-15 min, unlike secretion from the alpha-toxin-permeabilized cells, which continued for at least 50 min. The rapid cessation of secretion from the SLO-treated acini reflects the rapid decline in the responsiveness of the cells observed after permeabilization. This decline in Ca(2+)-dependent secretion appears to be due to the loss of cytosol, since addition of purified rat brain cytosol to nonresponsive SLO-permeabilized acini reconstituted regulated secretion. Because alpha-toxin-permeabilized acini maintained their responsiveness, the cytosolic factors lost from the SLO-permeabilized cells must be retained within the toxin-treated cells. The reconstitutive activity of the brain cytosol was nondialyzable but heat and trypsin sensitive, suggesting that the factors responsible are proteins. Of the cytosols screened (brain, liver, spleen, muscle, and lacrimal) only those prepared from brain or lacrimal gland reconstituted Ca(2+)-dependent amylase secretion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Witters, Ingrid, Philippe Moerman, Mieke Cannie, Luc De Catte, and Jean-Pierre Fryns. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Smith–Lemli–Opitz Syndrome." Ultrasound 16, no. 4 (2008): 208–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174313408x353855.
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Smith–Lemli–Opitz (SLO) syndrome is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital malformation syndrome due to mutations in the 7-DHCR gene. The presented boy was diagnosed prenatally with multiple congenital malformations and confirmed as SLO by autopsy and molecular diagnosis. Interestingly in this boy prenatal MRI revealed a dilated duodenum, pointing towards intestinal dysmotility which is common in SLO.
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Hancz, Dóra, Elsa Westerlund, Christine Valfridsson та ін. "Streptolysin O Induces the Ubiquitination and Degradation of Pro-IL-1β". Journal of Innate Immunity 11, № 6 (2019): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496403.
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Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a common and versatile human pathogen causing a variety of diseases. One of the many virulence factors of GAS is the secreted pore-forming cytotoxin streptolysin O (SLO), which has been ascribed multiple properties, including inflammasome activation leading to release of the potent inflammatory cytokine IL-1β from infected macrophages. IL-1β is synthesized as an inactive pro-form, which is activated intracellularly through proteolytic cleavage. Here, we use a macrophage infection model to show that SLO specifically induces ubiquitination and degradation of pro-IL-1β. Ubiquitination was dependent on SLO being released from the infecting bacterium, and pore formation by SLO was required but not sufficient for the induction of ubiquitination. Our data provide evidence for a novel SLO-mediated mechanism of immune regulation, emphasizing the importance of this pore-forming toxin in bacterial virulence and pathogenesis.
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Rudolph, G., P. Kalpadakis, O. Ehrt, T. Berninger, and A. Kampik. "SLO-mfERG-Kampimetrie und SLO-Mikroperimetrie bei Morbus Stargardt." Der Ophthalmologe 100, no. 9 (2003): 720–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00347-002-0750-6.
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Cuddapah, Jennifer Locraft, and Shabana Sayed. "Student Learning Objectives (SLOs): Collaboration for Student Success." Global Journal of Educational Studies 5, no. 2 (2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/gjes.v5i2.15423.
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A middle school science teacher and a college teacher educator collaborate to explain how the Student Learning Objective (SLO) was embedded into the student teaching internship. After review of the SLO literature, details about the process and benefits of partnering with a mentor teacher in order to learn about the SLO implementation cycle are shared. Implications for future practice are offered.
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Bai, Jun-Ping, Alexei Surguchev, Powrnima Joshi, Liza Gross, and Dhasakumar Navaratnam. "CDK5 interacts with Slo and affects its surface expression and kinetics through direct phosphorylation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 302, no. 5 (2012): C766—C780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00339.2011.
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Large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are ubiquitous and play an important role in a number of diseases. In hair cells of the ear, they play a critical role in electrical tuning, a mechanism of frequency discrimination. These channels show variable kinetics and expression along the tonotopic axis. Although the molecular underpinnings to its function in hair cells are poorly understood, it is established that BK channels consist of a pore-forming α-subunit (Slo) and a number of accessory subunits. Here we identify CDK5, a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, as an interacting partner of Slo. We show CDK5 to be present in hair cells and expressed in high concentrations in the cuticular plate and in the circumferential zone. In human embryonic kidney cells, we show that CDK5 inhibits surface expression of Slo by direct phosphorylation of Slo. Similarly, we note that CDK5 affects Slo voltage activation and deactivation kinetics, by a direct phosphorylation of T847. Taken together with its increasing expression along the tonotopic axis, these data suggest that CDK5 likely plays a critical role in electrical tuning and surface expression of Slo in hair cells.
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Guo, Jia, Wenhao Ye, Dong Wang, et al. "A Novel Snow Leopard Optimization for High-Dimensional Feature Selection Problems." Sensors 24, no. 22 (2024): 7161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24227161.
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To address the limitations of traditional optimization methods in achieving high accuracy in high-dimensional problems, this paper introduces the snow leopard optimization (SLO) algorithm. SLO is a novel meta-heuristic approach inspired by the territorial behaviors of snow leopards. By emulating strategies such as territory delineation, neighborhood relocation, and dispute mechanisms, SLO achieves a balance between exploration and exploitation, to navigate vast and complex search spaces. The algorithm’s performance was evaluated using the CEC2017 benchmark and high-dimensional genetic data feature selection tasks, demonstrating SLO’s competitive advantage in solving high-dimensional optimization problems. In the CEC2017 experiments, SLO ranked first in the Friedman test, outperforming several well-known algorithms, including ETBBPSO, ARBBPSO, HCOA, AVOA, WOA, SSA, and HHO. The effective application of SLO in high-dimensional genetic data feature selection further highlights its adaptability and practical utility, marking significant progress in the field of high-dimensional optimization and feature selection.
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Murrey, Amber, Nicholas Jackson, and Matías Volonterio. "Social Licence to Operate." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 15, no. 1 (2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v15.i1.8334.
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In this intervention article, we cultivate an anti-colonial critique of the ideational genealogy and conceptual materialisation of the social licence to operate (SLO) in the extractive industries in order to open a conversation about the racialised and colonial logics underlying its enactment and discursive practices. SLO functions to restrict the emergence of imaginary political potentials within communities impacted by extractive projects. We focus on the role of academics and social science researchers within and beyond the space of the university in engineering, shaping, and promoting dominant SLO frameworks, and endorsing the power and mythology of SLO. We do so in conversation with decolonial orientations that simultaneously analyse the colonial logics within corporate practice and galvanise epistemic justice beyond colonial and epistemic extractivism. The university, as a site for the refinement and promotion of hegemonic concepts like SLO, is an important space for post-extractive struggles.
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Kokan, Nikolas, Conny Lin, Alvaro Luna, Joani Viliunas, and Catharine H. Rankin. "Ethanol alters mechanosensory habituation in C. elegans by way of the BK potassium channel through a novel mechanism." PLOS One 20, no. 6 (2025): e0315069. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315069.
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In this research, we investigated how alcohol modulates the simplest form of learning, habituation, in Caenorhabditis elegans. We used our high throughput Multi-Worm Tracker to conduct a large scale study of more than 21,000 wild-type worms to assess the effects of different concentrations of alcohol on habituation of the well-characterized tap withdrawal response. We found that the effect of alcohol on habituation of this reversal response to a repeated mechanosensory stimulus (taps) differed depending on the component of the reversal response assessed. Interestingly, when we examined habituation of response probability on and off alcohol we discovered that alcohol switched the predominant response to tap from a backward reversal to a brief forward movement. Because the large conductance potassium (BK) channel has been shown to be important for the effect of alcohol on behaviour in a variety of organisms, including C. elegans, we investigated whether the C. elegans BK channel ortholog, SLO-1, mediated the effects of alcohol on habituation. We tested several different strains of worms with mutations in slo-1 along with wild-type controls; null mutations in slo-1 made animals resistant to alcohol induced changes in habituation. However, a mutation in the putative ethanol binding site on SLO-1 did not disrupt the impact of ethanol on habituation. Finally, by degrading SLO-1 in different parts of the nervous system we found that the function of SLO-1 in ethanol’s impact on habituation is likely distributed throughout the neural circuit that responds to tap. Based on these results, our main conclusions are 1) ethanol is not a general facilitator or inhibitor of habituation but rather a complex modulator, 2) SLO-1 is critical for the effect of ethanol on habituation, 3) ethanol is interacting (directly or indirectly) with SLO-1 through a novel unidentified mechanism to influence how animals respond to repeated taps.
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Savic, Dragutin J., William M. McShan, and Joseph J. Ferretti. "Autonomous Expression of the slo Gene of the Bicistronic nga-slo Operon of Streptococcus pyogenes." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 5 (2002): 2730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.5.2730-2733.2002.
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ABSTRACT A recent model for cytolysin-mediated translocation in Streptococcus pyogenes proposes that NAD-glycohydrolase is translocated through streptolysin O-generated pores into a host cell (J. Madden, N. Ruiz, and M. Caparon, Cell 104:143-152, 2001). This model also assumes that the NAD-glycohydrolase (nga) and streptolysin O (slo) genes that code for these products are organized in an operon-like structure expressed from a single promoter only (nga). We expand this model by showing that slo possesses its own autonomous promoter, which is located 155 bp upstream of the slo gene. Under experimental conditions in which S. pyogenes is grown in THY medium, the strength of the slo promoter, as measured by the activity of a lacZ reporter gene, resulted in low but highly reproducible values. Finally, we demonstrated that sloR, a S. pyogenes gene that closely resembles the Clostridium perfringens pfoR gene, exerts a negative effect on the expression of the slo gene.
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Wang, Jie, Xiao-Lin Qin, Meng Chen, et al. "Algorithm of automatic identification of diabetic retinopathy foci based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy." International Journal of Ophthalmology 17, no. 4 (2024): 610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2024.04.02.
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AIM: To propose an algorithm for automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) lesions based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO). METHODS: The algorithm utilized the FasterRCNN (Faster Regions with CNN features)+ResNet50 (Residua Network 50)+FPN (Feature Pyramid Networks) method for detecting hemorrhagic spots, cotton wool spots, exudates, and microaneurysms in DR ultra-widefield SLO. Subimage segmentation combined with a deeper residual network FasterRCNN+ResNet50 was employed for feature extraction to enhance intelligent learning rate. Feature fusion was carried out by the feature pyramid network FPN, which significantly improved lesion detection rates in SLO fundus images. RESULTS: By analyzing 1076 ultra-widefield SLO images provided by our hospital, with a resolution of 2600×2048 dpi, the accuracy rates for hemorrhagic spots, cotton wool spots, exudates, and microaneurysms were found to be 87.23%, 83.57%, 86.75%, and 54.94%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The proposed algorithm demonstrates intelligent detection of DR lesions in ultra-widefield SLO, providing significant advantages over traditional fundus color imaging intelligent diagnosis algorithms.
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Scripsema, Nicole K., and Richard B. Rosen. "Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope in the Management of Age-related Macular Degeneration." US Ophthalmic Review 05, no. 02 (2012): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2012.05.02.111.
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Recent advances in retinal imaging have improved the evaluation and prognostication of age-related macular degeneration. The development and modification of the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) has played a pivotal role in our understanding of the disease. SLO has led to improved methods of visualizing characteristics of the disease, such as drusen and alterations in autofluorescence, and also provided a platform for the quantification of structural and functional changes occurring as a result of the disease process. This article provides a review of the current literature on the impact and clinical utility of SLO devices for infrared viewing, fundus autofluorescence, microperimetry, and as integraded multimodal imaging systems such as optical coherence tomography and SLO.
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Scripsema, Nicole K., and and Richard B. Rosen. "Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope in the Management of Age-related Macular Degeneration." European Ophthalmic Review 06, no. 04 (2012): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eor.2012.06.04.242.
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Recent advances in retinal imaging have improved the evaluation and prognostication of age-related macular degeneration. The development and modification of the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) has played a pivotal role in our understanding of the disease. SLO has led to improved methods of visualising characteristics of the disease, such as drusen and alterations in autofluorescence, and also provided a platform for the quantification of structural and functional changes occurring as a result of the disease process. This article provides a review of the current literature on the impact and clinical utility of SLO devices for infrared viewing, fundus autofluorescence, microperimetry, and as integraded multimodal imaging systems such as optical coherence tomography and SLO.
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Gusmeroli, A., and G. Grosse. "Ground penetrating radar detection of subsnow liquid overflow on ice-covered lakes in interior Alaska." Cryosphere Discussions 6, no. 4 (2012): 3079–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-6-3079-2012.
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Abstract. Lakes are abundant throughout the pan-Arctic region. For many of these lakes ice cover lasts for up to two thirds of the year. This frozen cover allows human access to these lakes, which are therefore used for many subsistence and recreational activities, including water harvesting, fishing, and skiing. Safe access to these lakes may be compromised, however, when, after significant snowfall, the weight of the snow acts on the ice and causes liquid water to spill through weak spots and overflow at the snow-ice interface. Since visual detection of subsnow liquid overflow (SLO) is almost impossible our understanding on SLO processes is still very limited and geophysical methods that allow SLO detection are desirable. In this study we demonstrate that a commercially available, lightweight 1GHz, ground penetrating radar system can detect and map extent and intensity of SLO. Radar returns from wet snow-ice interfaces are at least twice as much in strength than returns from dry snow-ice interface. The presence of SLO also affects the quality of radar returns from the base of the lake ice. During dry conditions we were able to profile ice thickness of up to 1 m, conversely, we did not retrieve any ice-water returns in areas affected by SLO.
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Zakrzewska, Katarzyna, Katarzyna Oszajca, Wojciech Zep, Anna Piekarska, and Malgorzata Sidorkiewicz. "The Impact of Short-Term Shark Liver Oil Supplementation on the Fatty Acid Composition of Erythrocyte Membranes." Nutrients 13, no. 10 (2021): 3329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103329.
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Fatty acid (FA) balance is strictly related to human health. The composition of fatty acids in lipid membranes seems to be influenced by diet. Shark liver oil (SLO) supplementation has been widely used recently in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. We analyzed the impact of short-term SLO supplementation on certain biochemical parameters and erythrocyte FA composition in a group of young healthy women. Our results showed that 6 weeks of SLO supplementation led to a significant decrease in C-reactive protein levels in sera and intracellular cholesterol levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. SLO supplementation caused a significant increase in the content of the polyunsaturated omega-3 FAs: docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and α-linolenic acid. In the group of omega-6 FAs, we observed a significant elevation of arachidonic and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid content. Due to these alterations, the omega-3 index increased significantly from 3.6% (before) to 4.2% (after supplementation). We also observed the impact of SLO supplementation on the membrane fluidity index. The ratio between saturated and unsaturated FAs decreased significantly from 13.1 to 9.9. In conclusion, our results show that even short-term SLO supplementation can improve human erythrocyte fatty acid composition and other parameters that may have health-promoting consequences.
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Gershony, Liza C., Janelle M. Belanger, Marjo K. Hytönen, Hannes Lohi, and Anita M. Oberbauer. "Novel Locus Associated with Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy in the Bearded Collie." Genes 10, no. 9 (2019): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10090635.
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Symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) is characterized by inflammation of the nail bed and nail sloughing that causes affected dogs considerable pain. Disease etiology remains unclear, although an autoimmune component is suspected. A genome-wide association study on Bearded Collies revealed regions of association on canine chromosomes (CFA) 12 and 17. The large region of association on CFA12 likely consists of two smaller linked regions, both of which are also linked to the dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II genes. Dogs homozygous for the alternate allele at the top CFA12 SNP also carried two DLA class II risk haplotypes for SLO, and this locus explained most of the increased risk for disease seen throughout the CFA12 region of association. A stronger peak was seen on CFA17 when analysis was done solely on dogs that carried DLA class II risk haplotypes for SLO. The majority of SLO dogs carried a homozygous alternate genotype on CFA12 and at least one CFA17 risk haplotype. Our findings offer progress toward uncovering the genetic basis of SLO. While the contribution of the CFA17 region remains unclear, both CFA12 and CFA17 regions are significantly associated with SLO disease expression in the Bearded Collie and contain potential candidate genes for this disease.
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O'Flanagan, Stephen D., Marco Künzli, Milcah Scott, et al. "Defining the abundance, fate, and function of secondary lymphoid organ resident memory T cells." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 218.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.218.23.
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Abstract For sixty years we have understood that lymphocytes recirculate through blood and secondary lymphoid organs (SLO). Recently, it has been observed that SLOs contain resident populations of memory T cells. Here, we show that conventional isolation techniques grossly underestimate the proportion of SLO CD8+ T RM,and resident cells constitute a substantial fraction of regionalized immunity within LNs. We found that SLO T RMare very long-lived in mice and persist for &gt;500 days after a single infection with LCMV Armstrong. Using a variety of infection models, we observed that the location of primary infection biased the density of SLO T RMto specific draining LNs. Moreover, SLO T RMexpressed a phenotypic relationship with T RMin specific upstream nonlymphoid tissues, and remarkably, retained durable expression of regional homing markers. Upon reactivation, mesenteric LN derived SLO T RMpreferentially homed to the small intestine compared to T CM. Thus, T RMcomprise a substantial fraction of LN memory CD8+ T cells, are refractory to isolation, can be remarkably durable, retain tissue-specific homing potential in the event of reactivation, and likely comprise an underappreciated and underestimated contributor to LN immune surveillance and regional anamnestic immune responses. Supported by fellowship from the University of Minnesota - Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dennis W. Watson Fellowship
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Roberto Layague Jr. "Faculty Understanding of Student Learning Outcomes to Develop Teaching and Learning Activities." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 28s (2025): 854–64. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i28s.4420.
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The study focused on the Subject Learning Outcomes (SLO) in the AY 2022 – 2023. The method is mixed and explores the SLO results and narratives of teachers. Data was generated through the management information system, and a focus group discussion was participated by six faculty. It determined the results of SLO and tested the significant difference in the subject area and grade level in terms of written works, performance tasks, and examinations. It explores teachers' narratives through a focus group discussion of their understanding of SLO in terms of preparation of curriculum, instruction and assessment, reporting and revision of curriculum, and Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) report. In the results of the SLO, written works and examinations have not been attained while the performance tasks have been attained. In the test of significance, the written works and examination have significant differences however, the performance tasks have no significant difference in the subject area. The test of difference of written works and examinations has no significant difference however, performance tasks have significant differences in grade level. The narratives resulted in a demand for an explanation of the purposes of SLO and training for the CQI report which resulted in a training activity for teaching and learning.
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Szeto, Simon K. H., Raymond Wong, Jerry Lok, et al. "Non-mydriatic ultrawide field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy compared with dilated fundal examination for assessment of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema in Chinese individuals with diabetes mellitus." British Journal of Ophthalmology 103, no. 9 (2018): 1327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-311924.
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AimsTo evaluate the performance of ultrawide field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (UWF-SLO) for assessing diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (DME) in a Chinese population, compared with clinical examination.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study. A series of 322 eyes from 164 patients with DM were included. Each patient underwent both dilated fundal examination with DR and DME grading by retina specialist and non-mydriatic 200° UWF-SLO (Daytona, Optos, Dunfermline, UK). The severity of DR and DME from UWF-SLO images was further graded by ophthalmologists, according to both international clinical DR and DME disease severity scales and the standard 7-field Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) scale. Any DR, DME and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) were treated as endpoints for this study.Results23 out of 322 images (7.14%), including all four cases with proliferative DR on clinical examinations, were determined as ungradable. When the international scale was used for grading UWF-SLO images, the sensitivity of any DR, DME and VTDR was 67.7%, 67.4% and 72.6%, respectively; the specificity of any DR, DME and VTDR was 97.8%, 97.3% and 97.8%, respectively. The agreement with clinical grading in picking up any DR, DME and VTDR was substantial, with κ-values of 0.634, 0.694 and 0.707, respectively. The performance of UWF-SLO was shown to be lower when ETDRS scale was used for grading the images.ConclusionThe performance of non-mydriatic UWF-SLO is comparable in identifying DR with that of clinical examination in a Chinese cohort. However, whether UWF-SLO can be considered as tool for screening DR is still undetermined.
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Feng, Diyang, Yong Liu, and Yujia Ge. "Social License to Operate for NIMBY Infrastructures: The Mechanism of the Four Components of Procedural Justice." Buildings 14, no. 8 (2024): 2465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082465.
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The key to obtaining the Social License to Operate (SLO) for businesses in the not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) infrastructure projects is the justice of the process. The study constructs a model to analyze the effect of the four components of procedural justice (procedural regulations and the behavior and attitudes of the government and construction enterprises) on the SLO. A large-scale questionnaire survey is conducted to assess the role and the extent of the influence of these four components in obtaining the SLO for NIMBY infrastructures. The results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and mediation effects tests show that procedural justice significantly influences the SLO for NIMBY infrastructure projects. All four components significantly improve community trust and social acceptance of the project. The construction enterprise’s informal treatment of the public’s behavior and attitudes has the largest influence, whereas the government’s formal treatment of the public’s behavior and attitudes has the least influence. The findings provide theoretical and practical guidance for improving the SLO for NIMBY infrastructure projects and promoting the sustainable development of these projects.
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Singh, Rekha. "Self-Supervised Learning for Demand Forecasting Using Sparse and Noisy Social Media Sentiment Data." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 2 (2022): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.2.11.
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This research work focuses on the foundational principles of SLO monitoring, architectural considerations for high-volume data processing systems, and advanced techniques for implementing and scaling SLO monitoring solutions. The research includes areas like metric selection, instrumentation techniques, data collection strategies, statistical analysis, and emerging trends in the field. It is a synthesis of current literature and industry practices that presents an organized guide for organizations that want to implement robust SLO monitoring in their data processing infrastructure.
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Gershony, Liza C., Janelle M. Belanger, Marjo K. Hytönen, Hannes Lohi, and Anita M. Oberbauer. "Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Multiple Linked Genetic Variants on Canine Chromosome 12 Associated with Risk for Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy (SLO) in the Bearded Collie." Genes 12, no. 8 (2021): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081265.
Full textAbstract:
In dogs, symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) results in nail loss and an abnormal regrowth of the claws. In Bearded Collies, an autoimmune nature has been suggested because certain dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II haplotypes are associated with the condition. A genome-wide association study of the Bearded Collie revealed two regions of association that conferred risk for disease: one on canine chromosome (CFA) 12 that encompasses the DLA genes, and one on CFA17. Case-control association was employed on whole genome sequencing data to uncover putative causative variants in SLO within the CFA12 and CFA17 associated regions. Genotype imputation was then employed to refine variants of interest. Although no SLO-associated protein-coding variants were identified on CFA17, multiple variants, many with predicted damaging effects, were identified within potential candidate genes on CFA12. Furthermore, many potentially damaging alleles were fully correlated with the presence of DLA class II risk haplotypes for SLO, suggesting that the variants may reflect DLA class II haplotype association with disease or vice versa. Strong linkage disequilibrium in the region precluded the ability to isolate and assess the individual or combined effect of variants on disease development. Nonetheless, all were predictive of risk for SLO and, with judicious assessment, their application in selective breeding may prove useful to reduce the incidence of SLO in the breed.
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Aguebor-Ogie, B. N., and E. F. Omorowa. "Effect of Spent Lubricating Oil on Total Antioxidant Power, Total Flavonoid Content and Total Phenolic Content of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Mooch and Soyabean Glycine Max (L.) Merr Seedlings after 14 Days of Germination." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 28, no. 2 (2024): 577–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i2.30.
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Environmental pollution is a growing concern, with its detrimental effects on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Spent lubricating oil (SLO) represents a pervasive environmental pollutant, often finding its way into soil and posing a significant threat to plant life. This study was to investigate effect of the fractions of SLO (water-soluble, WSF; water-insoluble, WISF; and crude whole SLO, cWSLO) and distilled water (DW) respectively. The WSF showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in both species of seedlings (Sorghum 15.34 mg GAE/g ± 2.01 and Soya-bean 16.87 mg GAE/g ± 0.86) from results of TAP when compared to that of DW while the cWSLO was most significantly (P<0.05) decreased. The TPC also revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease from the different fractions when compared to the control (DW) as well as that of the TFC values from the results. The disparities in TPC emphasize the selective influence of different SLO components on the production of phenolic compounds, which could be crucial for plant defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. Thus, the results of the study showed that although the different parameters indicated that SLO can affect the oxidative state of brown sorghum seeds but it can be seen that it may be possible for the plant to utilize some of the water soluble contents of the SLO to aid germination.
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Raeder, Laura. "Slo Pro App." International Sport Coaching Journal 3, no. 1 (2016): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2016-0006.
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