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Journal articles on the topic 'Slope stabilization'
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1
Ramesh, Gomasa. "Slope and Landslide Stabilization: A Review." Indian Journal of Structure Engineering 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2021): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijse.a1304.111221.
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Slope stabilization is the one of important fundamental aspect for preventing landslides. For a safer design of the structure, slope stabilization is very important. There are various studies conducted on slope stabilization and landslide mitigation. Geotechnical Engineers and Structural Engineers play an important role in analyzing and designing slope stabilization and landslide mitigation and prevention. This study is also helpful for the design of slopes. The study also helps for quick assessment of slopes. This paper also explained stabilization methods and techniques for slope. This study is also helpful in improving the shear strength of the slope of soil. This paper helps to understand basic knowledge on slope stabilization and landslides for every Engineer easily.
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Ramesh, Gomasa. "Slope and Landslide Stabilization: A Review." Indian Journal of Structure Engineering 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2021): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijse.a1304.111221.
Full textAbstract:
Slope stabilization is the one of important fundamental aspect for preventing landslides. For a safer design of the structure, slope stabilization is very important. There are various studies conducted on slope stabilization and landslide mitigation. Geotechnical Engineers and Structural Engineers play an important role in analyzing and designing slope stabilization and landslide mitigation and prevention. This study is also helpful for the design of slopes. The study also helps for quick assessment of slopes. This paper also explained stabilization methods and techniques for slope. This study is also helpful in improving the shear strength of the slope of soil. This paper helps to understand basic knowledge on slope stabilization and landslides for every Engineer easily.
3
Li, D., L. Zhang, C. Zhou, and W. Lu. "Risk-based stabilization planning for soil cut slopes." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 4 (August 6, 2009): 1365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1365-2009.
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Abstract. Risk-based slope stabilization planning integrates the failure probability and the failure consequence systematically and shows promise for use in the practice. This paper attempts to develop a risk-based methodology for stabilization planning for deteriorating soil cut slopes. First, a framework of risk-based stabilization planning for slopes is proposed. Then the time-dependent reliability of deteriorating slopes is analyzed based on observed performance. Thereafter, the slope failure consequence is assessed in terms of expected numbers of fatality. After obtaining the time-dependent risk of slope failure, the time for slope stabilization is determined according to selected risk criteria. Finally, the effect of slope maintenance on the reliability of slopes is evaluated. Based on the analyses, the annual probability of failure of soil cut slopes would increase exponentially in the early stage of service if no maintenance were implemented. As a slope deteriorates, the risk of slope failure increases with time and may reach an intolerable level at a certain time. The risk of slope failure may also reach an intolerable level due to a change of elements at risk. The derived stabilization time depends on the factors that cause the slopes to deteriorate, consequence of slope failure, selected risk criteria, and vulnerability of the affected population.
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Iman, Farshchi. "Engineering Advantages of Vegetation on Slope Stabilization." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Special Issue, Special Issue-ICAEIT2017 (November 30, 2018): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd19139.
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Hearn, G. J., T. Hunt, and S. d'Agostino. "C3 Soil slope stabilization." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 24, no. 1 (2011): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/egsp24.12.
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Hearn, G. J. "C4 Rock slope stabilization." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 24, no. 1 (2011): 189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/egsp24.13.
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Solsky, Stanislav V., and Sofya A. Bykovskaya. "Optimizing the landslide-prone slope stabilization." Vestnik MGSU, no. 10 (October 2019): 1258–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.10.1258-1271.
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Introduction. Nowadays, the study of landslide processes is one of the most intensive aspects of construction and maintenance of industrial and civil buildings and installations. The landslides violate the stability of foundations and entire complexes of installations, so the assessment of the stability of the slopes is the most important task before starting the construction. Currently, there is a large number of landslide classifications, which characterize the conditions of their formation, the history of geological development, their age, and structure. Normative documentation gives three ways of slope slump control: preventive, restricting, and liquidation ones. However, this source does not give systematic validity of the engineering solutions. The study sets the following tasks: to develop an algorithm for the optimal choice of rational slope strengthening in landslide construction conditions and to test it with a specific example.
Materials and methods. The study analyzed the publications on theoretical and practical experience in dealing with landslides as well as normative documents. Numerical simulation methods were used to calculate the slope stability when testing the algorithm.
Results. Using the introduced classification, the study presented an algorithm that makes it possible to choose a rational way of slope strengthening under landslide construction conditions. The concept of the algorithm allows step-by-step approximating parameters of a landslide-prone slope model to the real conditions, on the one hand, and selecting the most reasonable anti-landslide measures, on the other hand. The developed algorithm was tested on the territory of a large industrial complex situated on river overflood plain fringes. By applying the value engineering comparison of several slope stabilization variants, the research has taken the most optimal one of them for realization.
Conclusions. The study developed the author’s classification and algorithm for the selection of optimal design solutions to stabilize landslide-prone slopes or slants. Successful approbation of the algorithm confirmed its practical applicability. The algorithm allows choosing the most effective complex for protection against landslides.
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Mangnejo, D. A., S. J. Oad, S. A. Kalhoro, S. Ahmed, F. H. Laghari, and Z. A. Siyal. "Numerical Analysis of Soil Slope Stabilization by Soil Nailing Technique." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 4 (August 10, 2019): 4469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2859.
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Slope instability may be a result of change in stress conditions, rise in groundwater table and rainfall. Similarly, many slopes that have been stable for several years can abruptly fail due to changes in geometry, weak soil shear strength or as the effect of an external force. Debris flows (i.e. slope failures) take place without any warning and can have devastating results. So, it is vital to understand the slope failure mechanism and adopt safety prevention measures. Soil nailing is one of the widely used stabilization techniques for soil slopes. In this study, soil nail technique is proposed to upgrade the existing slope in clay. A parametric study was conducted to understand the effects of different nail diameter (i.e. 25mm and 40mm) and nail inclination (i.e. 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400) on slope stability. Morgenstern-Price (i.e. limit equilibrium) method was used to determine the factor of safety of the slope. It was found that the factor of safety of the existing slope improved significantly with three rows of 40mm diameter nail at an inclination of 400.
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MANIVANNAN, S., O. P. S. KHOLA, K. KANNAN, P. K. CHOUDHURY, and V. KASTHURI THILAGAM. "Efficacy of open weave jute geotextiles in controlling soil erosion and its impact on hill slope stabilization." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 5 (May 25, 2018): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i5.80028.
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Slope stabilization is a tedious process since various human activities being carried out in various parts of theworld have led to land use changes that has indirectly affected slope stability. Permanent structures are being usedfor slope stabilization which are costly and cannot be adopted in a large scale. Slope stabilization by establishinggrasses with the support of Jute Geotextiles is an alternative method for stabilization of slopes in hilly areas. Set offield studies were conducted at ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation (IISWC), Regional Centre,Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu, India with the objective to study the effect of various Jute Geotextiles (JGT) on runoff, soil loss, survival and growth of tea. Results of three years field study on efficacy of various types of open weave JGT namely 500, 600 and 700 GSM on slope stabilization showed that 700 GSM open weave JGT proved to be more effective in reducing runoff, soil and nutrient loss and increased soil moisture retention capacity of the soil. However, height and growth of tea plants were better under 500 and 600 GSM JGT. Considering the scope of tea cultivation in sloppy areas, rehabilitation of land slide areas using tea plants, optimal moisture requirement and better growth of tea plants, it is suggested that 500 GSM open weave JGT will be more effective for slope stabilization with tea plants.
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Dorairaj, Deivaseeno, and Normaniza Osman. "Present practices and emerging opportunities in bioengineering for slope stabilization in Malaysia: An overview." PeerJ 9 (January 12, 2021): e10477. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10477.
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Population increase and the demand for infrastructure development such as construction of highways and road widening are intangible, leading up to mass land clearing. As flat terrains become scarce, infrastructure expansions have moved on to hilly terrains, cutting through slopes and forests. Unvegetated or bare slopes are prone to erosion due to the lack of or insufficient surface cover. The combination of exposed slope, uncontrolled slope management practices, poor slope planning and high rainfall as in Malaysia could steer towards slope failures which then results in landslides under acute situation. Moreover, due to the tropical weather, the soils undergo intense chemical weathering and leaching that elevates soil erosion and surface runoff. Mitigation measures are vital to address slope failures as they lead to economic loss and loss of lives. Since there is minimal or limited information and investigations on slope stabilization methods in Malaysia, this review deciphers into the current slope management practices such as geotextiles, brush layering, live poles, rock buttress and concrete structures. However, these methods have their drawbacks. Thus, as a way forward, we highlight the potential application of soil bioengineering methods especially on the use of whole plants. Here, we discuss the general attributions of a plant in slope stabilization including its mechanical, hydrological and hydraulic effects. Subsequently, we focus on species selection, and engineering properties of vegetation especially rooting structures and architecture. Finally, the review will dissect and assess the ecological principles for vegetation establishment with an emphasis on adopting the mix-culture approach as a slope failure mitigation measure. Nevertheless, the use of soil bioengineering is limited to low to moderate risk slopes only, while in high-risk slopes, the use of traditional engineering measure is deemed more appropriate and remain to be the solution for slope stabilization.
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Mahmud, Mahadzer B., and Thomas F. Zimmie. "Innovative and Rapidly Installed Mechanically Stabilized Earth System for Highway Embankments: Model Studies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1582, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1582-01.
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Geotechnical centrifuge models were used to study the feasibility of a new installation technique for stabilization of marginally stable slopes. Reinforcing elements were driven horizontally and directly into the existing slope, similar to the installation of vertical wick drains, thus requiring little or no excavation. This results in a rapid and economical solution for slope stabilization. The reinforcing elements used in the model simulated the high-strength nonwoven geotextile strips, which will be used in actual slope remediation work. The geotextile strips perform the dual functions of drainage and reinforcement. Miniature drivers and various instrumentation were used in the models. The results from the model tests provide useful information for the design of the spacing and placement of the reinforcing strips and the design and construction of the actual prototype driving equipment. The proposed construction technique could be beneficial and economical in slope stabilization of highway embankments and related slope work in highway construction.
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Yu, Fengxiao, Jianpeng Tong, Yipu Peng, Li Chen, and Shuangyu Wang. "A Case Study on the Application of 3D Scanning Technology in Deformation Monitoring of Slope Stabilization Structure." Buildings 13, no. 7 (June 23, 2023): 1589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071589.
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Traditional deformation monitoring suffers from issues such as the point-based representation of surfaces and low measurement efficiency. Moreover, the majority of researchers study the deformation of slopes using methods such as 3S technology, synthetic aperture radar interferometry, distributed fiber optic sensing technology, etc. Based on this, a slope stabilization structure deformation monitoring method based on 3D laser scanning technology is proposed. First, with the slope stabilization structure of Caihong Road as the engineering background, point cloud data of the slope stabilization structure is obtained using a Trimble SX10 device. Second, the point deformation, overall deformation, and line deformation of the two-phase slope stabilization structure point cloud data are analyzed. Finally, the measurement accuracy of the 3D laser scanning technology is evaluated. The results show that the deformation analysis of points, lines, and surfaces can complement each other, thereby comprehensively assessing the situation of slope stabilization structure deformation. Moreover, the maximum displacement value in the deformation of points, lines, and surfaces is 8.52 mm, which does not exceed the standard, and 93.61% of the point deformation is between −0.76~0.92 mm, indicating that the slope stabilization structure is in a safe and stable state. The independent sample t-test has a test statistic of t = 2.074, verifying that the 3D laser scanning technology and the total station measurement accuracy are highly consistent and can meet the needs of actual engineering. The results of this study can provide a reasonable theoretical and methodological reference for analyzing similar engineering deformation monitoring in the future.
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Chapman, D. N. "Slope stability and stabilization methods." Engineering Structures 19, no. 1 (January 1997): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(97)81460-5.
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HATHEWAY, A. W. "Slope Stability and Stabilization Methods." Environmental & Engineering Geoscience II, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.ii.3.447.
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Al-Baghdadi, Nadher Hassan. "STABILIZATION OF EARTH SLOPES BY USING SOIL NAILING." Kufa Journal of Engineering 5, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/511237.
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The basic concept of soil nailing is to reinforce and strengthen the existing round by installing closely spaced steel bars, called “Nails”, into a slope as construction proceeds from “top-down”. This process creates a reinforced section that is in itself stable and able to retain the ground behind it. Soil nailing technique is used to support new very steep cuts with advantage of strengthening the slope with excessive earth works to provide construction access and working associated with commonly used retaining systems. In the present research work a parametric study has been made using commercial computer program “Slide 6“, which utilize different methods for solving slope stability problem, Bishop method has been used herein to analyze un nailed and nailed slopes with granular soil, different slope heights and angles have been considered. Some of nails parameters have been studied herein, positions of nail, length of nail, angle of nail inclination, and nail spacing. The optimum length of nail depends on height and angle of slope. The optimum angle of nail is found to be ranged between (10-25) degree down from the horizon, but it’s also relates with the angle of slope. The spacing of nail was found to be (1 m) to give the best improvement of F.S.
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Jotisankasa, Apiniti, Danainut Taworn, Nattasit Chumchey, and Jiraroth Sukolrat. "Quantification of root reinforcement in bio-slope stabilization: laboratory and field studies." MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819503002.
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Bio-slope stabilization is an environmentally friendly and sustainable technique for rehabilitation and maintenance of slope infrastructure. The processes in which these plants stabilize the slope, particularly root reinforcement, and evapotranspiration, mainly involved the unsaturated zone of the slope. Plants are also subjected to continuous change during the life time of bio-engineered slopes. This paper reports on recent studies on influence of roots on saturated and unsaturated soil properties, and suction effects on root reinforcement. These experimental results were then used to estimate the change in in-situ root reinforcement of biostabilized slope in the field. A new methodology based on the mini-rhizotron technique was proposed which linked the root-area ratio with root-reinforced strength and the factor of safety of the slope through laboratory-based relationships. This newly proposed method can be used to evaluate timebased performance of vegetated slope infrastructures in practice.
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Markovic, Mladen, Nikola Zivanovic, and Grozdana Gajic. "Stability analysis of slopes along roads in bio-reinforced soil conditions." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 119 (2019): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf1919091m.
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Root system has ability to stabilize slopes, improving physical and mechanical properties of soil on which it develops. Morphology and tendency of root system to compose soil particles into one monolithic mass, which we call bio-reinforced soil, contribute to increasing the resistance of soil to shearing. In this paper, is presents a comparative analysis of slope stability along roads without and with the influence of root system. The analyzes were made for the needs of defense of roads, finding most optimal types of root system as an alternative solution for stabilization of the slopes along roads. ?n the slope model was simulated influence of four groups of vegetation, based on morphology of root system (plate, heart, tap and undefined). For each selected species, value of root cohesion (cr) has been adopted. Software for geotechnical numerical modeling-GeoStudio 2007, was used for all slope stability analyzes. Analyzing stability of the slope model without influence of vegetation, slope is unstable. By calculating stability of slope model with vegetation groups, an increase in stability of the slope model is achieved. The greatest influence on stability of the slope model has group 2.- vegetation with a tap root system, followed by group 1. - with a heart root, while group 3, plate root, and group 4, undefined types of root system, gave at least the values. The results from this paper, represent a contribution to choice of solutions for stabilization of slopes along roads and the prevention of erosion processes.
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Zohair, Muhammad, Dildar Ali Mangnejo, and Naeem Mangi. "Analysis for Stabilization of Soil Slope in Silty Soil with Replacement of Soil Cement." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 10 (October 21, 2019): 2233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091407.
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The slope instability may result due to change in stress conditions, rise in groundwater and rainfall. Similarly, many slopes that have been stable for many years may suddenly fail due to loss of soil shear strength, and external forces. This is a crucial problem as it may destroy buildings, damage roads, and even leads to loss of human life. So it is imperative to understand failure mechanism and adopt safety measures to prevent such failures. The objective of this study is to analyze the slope at different angles (at 300, 350, 450 & 600 ) in silty soil and propose a method to stabilize it. The proposed methods to stabilize the existing slope are replacing soil-cement (7% by weight) by vertical layering and layering along the slope. Limit equilibrium method was used to analyze the slopes. The existing slopes were likely to be failed because values of minimum FOS was computed less than 1.5. The FOS improved significantly after replacing soil cement by both methods. Among the two methods, it was revealed that the layering along slope method of soil replacement was most economical and easy to be executed at the site.
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Loehr, J. Erik, John J. Bowders, Jacob W. Owen, Lee Sommers, and Willie Liew. "Slope Stabilization with Recycled Plastic Pins." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1714, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1714-01.
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A scheme to stabilize minor slope instabilities is currently being developed. The scheme uses a distributed network of “pins” fabricated from recycled plastics and other waste materials to provide positive reinforcement of a soil mass. Although the application is similar to stabilization of slopes with soil nails or micropiles, significant modifications to conventional design and construction are necessary to account for the reduced strength and increased ductility and creep exhibited by plastic materials compared with concrete and steel. Using recycled plastics has the advantage of providing reinforcing members with low susceptibility to degradation and provides a market for materials that otherwise might be buried in a landfill. An extensive investigation is under way to evaluate the potential for using recycled plastic pins (RPPs) to stabilize minor slope failures. This evaluation includes quantification of appropriate material and engineering properties of RPPs, evaluation of RPP resistance to degradation in various environments, development and evaluation of suitable mechanisms for installing RPPs, evaluation of RPP resistance to driving stresses, development of a design procedure that accounts for the reduced structural capacity of RPPs compared with steel or concrete members, and installation and monitoring of several full-scale field demonstration sites. The ongoing evaluation program that is described focuses on laboratory tests to determine fundamental engineering and material properties, field driving trials to evaluate potential driving mechanisms, and preliminary development of a suitable procedure for designing RPP stabilization schemes.
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Bathini, Divya Jyothi, and V. Ramya Krishna. "Performance of Soil Nailing for Slope Stabilization-A Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012047.
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Abstract A landslide is a geological event involving a wide range of ground motions that leads to the collapse of soil slope. The stabilization of these soil slopes is done by constructing retaining walls to withstand lateral soil pressure. These retaining walls are costly as well as it is difficult to construct as they require wide excavation for the base or bottom slab. One of the many new solutions to slope stabilization is the soil nailing built by strengthening the steep slope by driving reinforcement into the soil. In this study, a review of the origin and mechanism of soil nailing, the construction process of soil nailed retaining walls were discussed. The failure pattern of soil nails is an important factor to be noticed which influence the stability of soil slope was discussed. Numerical studies were given, which are used to determine the adverse effect of orientation and inclination of nails on the stability of soil nailed walls. A couple of case studies were discussed to evaluate the significance of soil nailing on the stability of the slope and to retain the vertical cut. A Laboratory study was considered to estimate the effect of nail inclination and different nail arrangements on settlement of soil slope. A sequential literature review investigates the application, advantages and disadvantages of soil nailing. This study shall help in understanding the various applications of soil nailing in the civil engineering sector.
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Jutkofsky, Walter S., J. Teh Sung, and Dawit Negussey. "Stabilization of Embankment Slope with Geofoam." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1736, no. 1 (January 2000): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1736-12.
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A case history is presented describing the use of expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam blocks to treat an unstable roadway embankment slope involving clayey soils. The selection of the geofoam treatment was based upon its ability to be constructed and have the least impact on both the environment and adjacent homeowners. The site subsurface conditions, engineering properties of EPS, design analysis, and construction phases are reviewed. Potential traffic safety problems associated with differential icing of roadways caused by the presence of geofoam blocks beneath the pavements were minimized by using a thicker subbase layer in the geofoam-treated area. Data from an instrumentation program consisting of an inclinometer, extensometers, and thermistors are presented. Pavement temperature readings collected from areas with and without geofoam treatment are compared to investigate potential differential icing on the roadway.
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Khan, Mohammad Sadik, Sahadat Hossain, and Golam Kibria. "Slope Stabilization Using Recycled Plastic Pins." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 30, no. 3 (June 2016): 04015054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000809.
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Gray, Donald H., and Robbin B. Sotir. "Biotechnical Stabilization of Highway Cut Slope." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 118, no. 9 (September 1992): 1395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1992)118:9(1395).
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Chen, Guozhou, Chuanjin Li, and Qingjun Fang. "Slope Stabilization Using Back-analysis Method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 332 (November 5, 2019): 022058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/332/2/022058.
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Chen, H. (Joanna), and S. H. Liu. "Slope failure characteristics and stabilization methods." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-131.
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This paper presents numerical and laboratory experiments to investigate slope failure characteristics and commonly used slope stabilization methods. Using an improved distinct element method, the interparticle adhesive force is incorporated with a modified numerical model to account for the effect of suction. The model is validated through laboratory tilting box tests. Calculated slope failure angles are consistent with experimental observations. Different patterns of slip surface are also identified. Furthermore, the modified numerical model quantifies the micromechanical characteristics of the interparticle network and their evolutions during shear deformation. The calculations show that the maximum ratio of shear stress to normal stress takes place when the contact plane coincides with the mobilized plane, whereas the minimum value occurs when it is parallel to the directions of principal stresses. On this basis, we propose the optimal installation angle of soil nails along the minor principal stress (σ3) direction. The effectiveness of this approach is evaluated through tilting box tests. Two commonly used slope surface stabilization methods are also experimentally investigated.Key words: distinct element method, tilting box test, slip surface, optimal installation angle of soil nails.
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Khan, Mohammad Sadik, Masoud Nobahar, and John Ivoke. "Numerical Investigation of Slope Stabilization Using Recycled Plastic Pins in Yazoo Clay." Infrastructures 6, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6030047.
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Geographically, at the center of Mississippi is a concentration of High Plastic Yazoo Clay Soil (HPYCS). Shallow landslides frequently occur in embankments constructed with HPYCS caused by rainfall-induced saturation of the embankment slope. The traditional methods are becoming expensive to repair the shallow slope failure. The use of Recycled Plastic Pins (RPPs) to stabilize shallow slope failures offers a significant cost and construction benefit and can be a useful remedial measure for these types of failures. The current study investigates the effectiveness of RPP in slopes constructed with HPYCS, using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The FEM analysis was conducted with the PLAXIS 2D software package. Three uniform and varied RPP spacings were investigated to reinforce 2–4H:1V slopes. Reinforced slope stability analyses were performed to investigate the applicability of RPP in HPYCS. The FEM analysis results indicated that RPP provides shear resistance for the sloping embankment constructed of HPYCS. Uniform spacing of RPP provides sufficient resistance that increases the Factor of Safety (FS) to 1.68 in 2H:1V slopes with deformation of RPP less than 15 mm. The uniform spacing and varied spacing combination of RPP increase the FS to 2.0 with the deformation of RPP less 7 mm.
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Rogers, C. D. F., and S. Glendinning. "Stabilization of Shallow Slope Failures with Lime Piles." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1589, no. 1 (January 1997): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1589-14.
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Lime piles essentially consist of boreholes filled with lime. They have been used to stabilize slopes in many countries worldwide but have not been adopted as a standard means of stabilization in any country. The literature on the subject makes several claims about the way lime piles stabilize the soil. However, the reported results of experimental work are in some cases contradictory and are too few to facilitate appropriate engineering judgment of the stabilizing mechanisms. Research at Loughborough University, United Kingdom, has investigated the use of quicklime piles in the context of stabilization of shallow slope failures in clay slopes. The stabilizing mechanisms observed in a series of laboratory and field investigations are ( a) increased strength of an annular zone of clay surrounding the pile caused by lime-clay reaction, ( b) clay dehydration, ( c) generation of negative pore-water pressure, ( d) over-consolidation of the soil in the shear plane, and ( e) pile strength. The idea of lateral consolidation of the clay surrounding the pile as a result of physical pile expansion has been shown not to occur in the case of augured quicklime piles sealed with a clay plug at the surface. Data are presented to quantify each of the stabilization mechanisms and advice is given on how to use the data in design. It is concluded that lime piles provide a potentially valuable addition to the techniques available for shallow slope stabilization and are particularly suitable for sites with access problems.
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Lim, Chun Lan, and Chee Ming Chan. "Application of Bentonite Grout in AKARPILES." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 175–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v16i1.15321.
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AKARPILES is an innovative solution for slope stabilization with less environmental footprint. Grout is one of the key components in AKARPILES. This study focused on stabilizing surficial slope failure, which commonly occurred in Malaysia. There are many methods help to improve slope stability of slopes. The idea of AKARPILES was innovated from the function of the tree root system in slope stabilization. Grout was pumped in and discharged through the outlets on the piles, after the piles are installed on the slope and intercepting the slip plane. The grout had then filled the voids within the soil with random pattern. SKW mixture was used to simulate the soil slope. Trial mix of the grout was carried out to obtain the optimum mixing ratio of bentonite: cement: water. Cone penetration test (CPT) and vane shear test (VST) were conducted on the grout mixture in a different mix ratio to obtain the strength gained. Grout dispersion area by two different designs of AKARPILES were recorded and compared. The results were affected by the design of piles.
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Luden, Alesandro Sejo, I. Gde Budi Indrawan, and Dwikorita Karnawati. "Slope stability analyses by circular failure chart and limit equilibrium methods: the inlet and outlet of diversion tunnel of Bolango Ulu Dam, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 325 (2021): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132501015.
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The objective of this research is to evaluate the stability of the natural slopes at the inlet and outlet portals of the Bolangu Ulu diversion tunnel, Gorontalo. The natural slopes were considered stable, and therefore slope stability analyses were not carried out previously in the tunnel portal design. The slope stability analyses were carried out using the Circular Failure Chart (CFC) and Limit Equilibrium Methods (LEM). Input data for the slope stability analyses were obtained from field mapping and laboratory testing of soil and rock samples. The results show that the portal slopes consist of diorite and residual soil. Both stability analysis methods yield nearly the same results. The slope at the outlet section had the factor of safety (FOS) values of 1.29 and 1.30 based on the CFC method and LEM, respectively, indicating the slope in a stable condition. However, the slope at the inlet section had the FOS values of 1.01 and 1.07 based on the CFC method and LEM, respectively, indicating the slope in a critical condition. The results suggest that stabilization of the portal slopes, particularly the portal slope at the inlet section, is required to prevent slope failures under static and earthquake loads.
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Viveka, Tudumu, Namburu Sandeep Kumar, and K. Shyam Chamberlin. "Stabilization of Slopes of Sandy Soils by Using Geosynthetics." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012081.
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Abstract This paper intended on the interactive performance of geo-synthetics in slope stabilization of non-cohesive soils. Presently, geo-synthetics are performing crucial role in geo-technical uses for reinforcing of soils for slope of stabilization, soil reinforcement for foundations, R E walls for highway and flyover construction etc. Usually, cohesion less soil is ideal for backfills of the embankments as of its exceptional drainage properties, at a low-level hydrostatic pressure built-up on slopes and excessive internal resistance owing to friction and interlocking. To research this property of geo-synthetics, relative density and shear box tests are done on the soil by varying geosynthetics for assessment of the shear parameters of sample. The mosquito reinforcement net as reinforcement on cohesionless soils, improvement in the angle of internal friction of the soil was observed by twenty-two percentage that the shear strength to be improved by 26.5%. So, the soil’s lateral load resistance or load transfer capacity improved to prevent the slope failure thereby saves the entire structure.
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Romanova, Elena, and Yuri Khokholov. "Maintaining thermal stability of a fill slope in cryolithozone." E3S Web of Conferences 192 (2020): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019201021.
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The paper describes a solution to the problem of maintain the stability of a fill slope through artificial freezing with seasonal cooling units in cryolithozone. A three-dimensional mathematical model was developed to calculate the heat flow in a fill slope reinfirced with a gabion wall, taking into account the liquid-liquid phase transition and the use of seasonally operating cooling units. The developed mathematical model, based on the finite difference method and implemented as an application for Microsoft Windows, allows making a long-term forecast of a temperature field in a fill slope, depending on various design and technological parameters (location, dimensions and an operating mode of thermal stabilizers) and its effect on the stability of the slope. The results of studying the contribution of thermal stabilization to a reduced destructive temperature effect of the environment on the slope are given. The study showed the effectiveness of using seasonal cooling units for increasing the stability of fill slopes by freezing. In subsequent years after the thermal stabilization, the frozen zone in the fill slope is preserved, with the slope gradually switching to the natural seasonal temperature regime. The paper is recommended for researchers and designing engineers dealing with applied issues of mining thermal physics.
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Leung, A. K., V. Kamchoom, and C. W. W. Ng. "Influences of root-induced soil suction and root geometry on slope stability: a centrifuge study." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 3 (March 2017): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0263.
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Soil bioengineering using vegetation has been recognised as an environmentally friendly solution for shallow slope stabilization. Plant transpiration induces suction in the soil, but its effects on slope stability are often ignored. This study investigates the influences of transpiration-induced suction and mechanical reinforcement of different root geometries (i.e., tap- and heart-shaped) to the slope stability subjected to an intense rainfall with an intensity of 70 mm/h (prototype scale; corresponding to a return period of 1000 years), via centrifuge modelling. New model roots that have scaled mechanical properties close to real roots were used to simulate transpiration-induced suction in the centrifuge. Transient seepage analyses were performed using SEEP/W to back-analyse the suction responses due to transpiration and rainfall. Subsequently, the back-analysed suction was used to assess the factor of safety of the slopes using SLOPE/W. It is revealed that heart-shaped roots provided greater stabilization effects to a 60° clayey sand slope than tap-shaped roots. The heart-shaped roots induced higher suction, leading to 14% reduction of rainfall infiltration and 6% increase in shear strength. Although transpiration-induced suction in a 45° slope was reduced to zero after the rainfall, mechanical root reinforcement was found to be sufficient to maintain slope stability.
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Bowders, John J., J. Erik Loehr, Hani Salim, and Cheng-Wei Chen. "Engineering Properties of Recycled Plastic Pins for Slope Stabilization." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1849, no. 1 (January 2003): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1849-05.
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An ongoing demonstration project has shown the feasibility of using slender (90 mm × 90 mm × 2.4 m) recycled plastic pins (RPPs) for in situ reinforcement of slopes and embankments. The technique uses RPPs driven into the face of the slope in a grid pattern to intercept the sliding surface and “pin” the slope. The engineering properties of the RPPs, including the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength along with creep behavior, dictate the design and construction practice. Constituent materials and manufacturing processes are highly variable among the more than 30 U.S. manufacturers. A specification for acceptance of the members is needed; however, before an effective specification can be developed, the appropriate engineering properties and design requirements for the RPPs must be determined. The engineering properties and driving performance of four different types of members were evaluated and are reported on. Additional evaluations are under way.
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Vitton, Stanley J., Wendell W. Harris, M. Frank Whitman, and Robert Y. Liang. "Application of Anchored Geosynthetic Systems for In Situ Slope Stabilization of Fine-Grained Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1633, no. 1 (January 1998): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1633-12.
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The use of anchored geosynthetic systems (AGS) was proposed by Koerner et al. for the stabilization of slopes at or near their failure state. AGS provides in-situ stabilization of soil slopes by combining a surface-deployed geosynthetic with an anchoring system of driven reinforcing rods similar to soil nailing. Installation of the system involves tensioning a geosynthetic over a slope’s surface by driving anchors through the geosynthetic at a given spacing and distance. By tensioning the geosynthetic over the slope’s surface, a compressive load is applied to the slope. Benefits of AGS are described to include the following: ( a) increased soil strength due to soil compression, including increased compressive loading on potential failure surfaces; ( b) soil reinforcement through soil nailing; ( c) halt of soil creep; ( d) erosion control; and ( e) long-term soil consolidation. Following installation of the AGS and 1 year of monitoring, it was found that the anchored geosynthetic system provided only some of the reported benefits and in general did not function as an active stabilization system. This was in part because the system could not provide and maintain loading on the geosynthetic. The geosynthetic, however, did tension when slope movement occurred, preventing the slope from failing. Thus, the system functioned more as a passive restraint system and appeared to function well over the monitoring period.
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Resnick, Gregory S., and Dobroslav Znidarčić. "Centrifugal Modeling of Drains for Slope Stabilization." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 116, no. 11 (November 1990): 1607–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1990)116:11(1607).
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Mulyono, A., A. Subardja, I. Ekasari, M. Lailati, R. Sudirja, and W. Ningrum. "The Hydromechanics of Vegetation for Slope Stabilization." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 118 (February 2018): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/118/1/012038.
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CHOW, Y. K. "ANALYSIS OF PILES USED FOR SLOPE STABILIZATION." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 20, no. 9 (September 1996): 635–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9853(199609)20:9<635::aid-nag839>3.0.co;2-x.
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Ahangari Nanehkaran, Yaser, Tolga Pusatli, Jin Chengyong, Junde Chen, Ahmed Cemiloglu, Mohammad Azarafza, and Reza Derakhshani. "Application of Machine Learning Techniques for the Estimation of the Safety Factor in Slope Stability Analysis." Water 14, no. 22 (November 18, 2022): 3743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223743.
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Slope stability is the most important stage in the stabilization process for different scale slopes, and it is dictated by the factor of safety (FS). The FS is a relationship between the geotechnical characteristics and the slope behavior under various loading conditions. Thus, the application of an accurate procedure to estimate the FS can lead to a fast and precise decision during the stabilization process. In this regard, using computational models that can be operated accurately is strongly needed. The performance of five different machine learning models to predict the slope safety factors was investigated in this study, which included multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF). The main objective of this article is to evaluate and optimize the various machine learning-based predictive models regarding FS calculations, which play a key role in conducting appropriate stabilization methods and stabilizing the slopes. As input to the predictive models, geo-engineering index parameters, such as slope height (H), total slope angle (β), dry density (γd), cohesion (c), and internal friction angle (φ), which were estimated for 70 slopes in the South Pars region (southwest of Iran), were considered to predict the FS properly. To prepare the training and testing data sets from the main database, the primary set was randomly divided and applied to all predictive models. The predicted FS results were obtained for testing (30% of the primary data set) and training (70% of the primary data set) for all MLP, SVM, k-NN, DT, and RF models. The models were verified by using a confusion matrix and errors table to conclude the accuracy evaluation indexes (i.e., accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score), mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE). According to the results of this study, the MLP model had the highest evaluation with a precision of 0.938 and an accuracy of 0.90. In addition, the estimated error rate for the MLP model was MAE = 0.103367, MSE = 0.102566, and RMSE = 0.098470.
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Rahardjo, H., V. A. Santoso, E. C. Leong, Y. S. Ng, C. P. H. Tam, and A. Satyanaga. "Use of recycled crushed concrete and Secudrain in capillary barriers for slope stabilization." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50, no. 6 (June 2013): 662–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0035.
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A capillary barrier is a two-layer cover system having distinct hydraulic properties to minimize water infiltration into the underlying soil by utilizing unsaturated soil mechanics principles. In this study, a capillary barrier system was designed as a cover system for a residual soil slope to maintain stability of the slope by minimizing infiltration during heavy rainfalls in the tropics. The capillary barrier system (CBS) was constructed using fine sand as the fine-grained layer and recycled crushed concrete aggregates as the coarse-grained layer. The coarse-grained layer is commonly constructed using gravels or granite chips. However, due to scarcity of aggregates and in consideration of environmental sustainability, recycled crushed concrete aggregates were used as the coarse-grained layer in this project. The suitability of recycled crushed concrete aggregates as a material within the coarse-grained layer of a CBS is subject to the hydraulic property requirement. For comparison, another CBS was constructed using fine sand as the fine-grained layer and a geosynthetic (Secudrain) as the coarse-grained layer. The performance of each constructed CBS on the residual soil slope was monitored using tensiometers installed at different depths — from 0.6 to 1.8 m below the slope surface — and a rainfall gauge mounted on the slope. An adjacent original slope without the CBS was also instrumented using tensiometers and piezometers to investigate the performance and effectiveness of the CBS in reducing rainwater infiltration and maintaining negative pore-water pressures in the slope. Real-time monitoring systems were developed to examine pore-water pressure, rainfall, and groundwater level in the slopes over a 1 year period. Characteristics of pore-water pressure distributions in the residual soil slope under a CBS with recycled crushed concrete aggregates and in the original slope during typical rainfalls are highlighted and compared. The measurement results show that the CBS was effective in minimizing rainwater infiltration and therefore, maintaining stability of the slope.
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Wang, Shu Li, Man Gen Mu, Ran Wang, and Wen Bo Cui. "Stability Analyses of Western Slopes in Jointed Rock Masses for GuangYang Highway." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.234.
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This paper presents the results of a study on a joint slope deformation affecting the western slope of the GuangYang highway (YangQuan, China). Fieldwork identified the ongoing deformational process and assisted in defining its mechanisms, evolution and controlling factors. Here we discuss how to use limit equilibrium methods to calculate the behavior of slopes and to use the finite element analysis to evaluate the stability, displacements of slopes and soil-slope stabilization interaction. The finite element method with shear strength reduction (SSR) technique is explained in Phase2D. This method is effective for the prediction of the stability of slope. Based on numerical comparisons between the limit equilibrium methods and finite element method, it is suggested that the finite element method with SSR technique is a reliable and maybe unique approach to evaluate the slope stability. The paper also took into account effectiveness of the large rain and seismic load. The results of the numerical analysis are consistent with the observed slope surface evidence.
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Bardel, Tomasz. "Landslides stabilization - optimise solutions or maximize costs - case study." Science, Technology and Innovation 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7714.
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The stabilization of landslide is usually very costly, which is why optimal slope reinforcement should be based on exact geological investigations. The described case of a small landslide on the road in the Carpathians presents the process of documenting, stability analysis and design solutions for slope reinforcement. Depth of slip surface was the most important information for slope reinforcement first-design. Collapsed slope was subjected to re-analysis of stability, taking into account additional data already obtained during slope reinforcement. Stability modeling results indicate a different range and depth of the slip surface than those use for design, which had a major impact on the costs of stabilization.
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Scarfone, Riccardo, Simon J. Wheeler, and Colin C. Smith. "Numerical study of the application of capillary barrier systems for prevention of rainfall-induced slope instabilities." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019501027.
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Slope instability is often caused by decreases in suction due to heavy and prolonged rainfall. In this study, the application of capillary barrier systems (CBSs) for suction control and slope stabilization purposes (i.e. reducing the risk of rainfall-induced slope instabilities) is analysed, due to their capacity to limit the percolation of water into the underlying soil. The behaviour of two slopes was studied numerically: a bare slope made of fine-grained soil and the same slope covered by a capillary barrier system. The time evolution of suction in the slopes subjected to realistic atmospheric conditions was studied by performing numerical finite element analyses with Code_Bright. In particular, multi-phase multi-physics thermo-hydraulic analyses were performed, modelling the soil-atmosphere interaction over periods of many years. Suction and degree of saturation distributions obtained from these analyses were then exported to the software LimitState GEO, which was used to perform limit analysis to assess the stability of the slopes. The CBS was able to limit the percolation of water into the slope and was shown to be effective in increasing the minimum values of suction attained in the underlying ground, resulting in improved stability of the slope.
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Wang, Shu Yun, and Xiong Gang Xie. "Safety Analysis for Rock Slope Reinforced by Piles with Computer Aided Design Method." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.355.
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The stabilization of slopes by placing passive piles is one of the innovative slope reinforcement techniques in recent years. There are numerous empirical and numerical methods for designing stabilizing piles. They can generally be classified into two different types: (1) pressure/displacement-based methods; (2) finite element/finite difference methods. However, seldom studies have been done on the stratified rock slope reinforced by piles, so in the present paper, the numerical simulation software FLAC3D is adopted to model the stratified rock slope, then the reinforced effect like deformation and stress of slope are studied, showing that if the pile is driven at the mid-bottom place of slope surface, the effect of controlling deformation of rock mass is the best. With increase of the length of pile, the maximum displacement of slope is decreased gradually.
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Tsige, Damtew, Sanjaya Senadheera, and Ayalew Talema. "Stability Analysis of Plant-Root-Reinforced Shallow Slopes along Mountainous Road Corridors Based on Numerical Modeling." Geosciences 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10010019.
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Engineering methods such as soil nails, geosynthetic reinforcement, retaining structures, gabions, and shotcrete are implemented to stabilize road cut slopes along mountainous areas. However, these structures are not environmentally friendly and, particularly in Ethiopia, it is impossible to address all road problems due to financial limitations. Nowadays, soil reinforcement with plant roots is recognized as an environmentally sustainable alternative to improve shallow slope failure along mountainous transportation corridors. The aims of this study was, therefore, to conduct slope stability analysis along a road corridor by incorporating the effect of plant roots. Five plant species were selected for the analysis based on their mechanical characteristics. Namely, Eucalyptus globules (tree), Psidium guajava (shrub), Salix subserrata (shrub), Chrysopogon zizanioides, and Pennisetum macrourum (grasses). The roots’ tensile strength and soil parameters were determined through tensile strength testing and triaxial compression tests, respectively. The factor of safety of the slope was calculated by the PLAXIS-2D software. The study showed that when the slope was reinforced with plant roots, the factor of safety (FOS) improved from 22–34%. The decreasing effect of vegetation on slope stability was observed when soil moisture increased. The sensitivity analysis also indicated that: (1) as the spacing between plants decreased, the effect of vegetation on the slope increased. (2) Slope angle modification with a combination of plant roots had a significant impact on slope stabilization. Of the five-selected plant species, Salix subserrata was the promising plant species for slope stabilization as it exhibited better root mechanical properties among selected plant species.
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Yu, J., R. B. Wang, W. Y. Xu, L. Yan, J. C. Zhang, and Q. X. Meng. "Movement of the Donglingxin landslide, China, induced by reservoir inundation and rainfall." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 4 (April 15, 2015): 2537–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-2537-2015.
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Abstract. With numerous high mountains, deep valleys and turbulent rivers, many hydropower plants have been constructed in the south-west China. Reservoir bank slopes are very common in this area, these slopes are widespread and quite often involved in deformation that can result in serious damage and casualties. In case of the Donglingxin landslide, for an in-depth study of processes that can trigger these events, the deformation characteristics and the failure mechanisms of the slope were performed on a detail scale, based on an intensive monitoring of rainfall events, reservoir level fluctuation and groundwater movement. The deformation of the upper part of slope is mainly induced by rainfall events, reservoir level fluctuation affects the deformation of the lower part of slope. The increase of pore water pressure may result in the failure of slope. The filed investigation suggest that the slope is unstable. Drainages is the only stabilization measure which can be implemented, due to very complex geological and geomorphology condition.
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Lai, Haoqiang, Jiaxin Du, Cuiying Zhou, and Zhen Liu. "Experimental Study on Ecological Performance Improvement of Sprayed Planting Concrete Based on the Addition of Polymer Composite Material." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19 (September 25, 2022): 12121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912121.
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Sprayed planting concrete (SPC) can be used for the ecological restoration of rocky steep slopes. It is a kind of outside-soil material with excellent soil and slope stabilization performance, and plants can grow in SPC, thus achieving harmony between engineering stability and ecological restoration and improving the landscape and ecosystem. The addition of cement is the key to allowing SPC to achieve slope stabilization and prevent soil erosion. However, the addition of cement can cause SPC to have high alkalinity, overheating (cement generates hydration heat), and excessive hardening, which are not conducive to the growth of plants and can lead to poor ecological performance of SPC for slope ecological restoration. We studied the improvement of the ecological performance of SPC by using a polymer composite material composed of a polymer adhesive material and a polymer water-retaining material. This paper studied the improvement effects of the polymer composite material on the ecological performance of SPC used in slope ecological restoration through a laboratory erosion resistance test and a plant growth test. The results showed that SPC with the addition of polymer composite material can reduce its cement content by about 50% while still retaining excellent erosion resistance performance when it is used in slope ecological restoration. Additionally, the plant germination rates and plant heights when using the SPC improved by polymer composite material were increased by 190% and 110%, respectively. These results show that polymer composite material can significantly improve the ecological performance of SPC and effectively improve its slope ecological restoration effects. This study provides theoretical and technical support for the application of SPC in ecological restoration on rocky steep slopes.
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Salciarini, Diana, Evelina Volpe, Ludovica Di Pietro, and Elisabetta Cattoni. "A Case-Study of Sustainable Countermeasures against Shallow Landslides in Central Italy." Geosciences 10, no. 4 (April 6, 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040130.
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Traditional technical solutions for slope stabilization are generally costly and very impacting on the natural environment and landscape. A possible alternative for improving slope stability is based on the use of naturalistic engineering techniques, characterized by a low impact on the natural environment and being able to preserve the landscape identity and peculiarities. In this work, we present an application of such techniques for slope stabilization along a greenway located in central Italy, characterized by an extraordinary natural environment. First, 22 potentially unstable slopes have been identified and examined; then, among these, two standard type slopes have been selected. For both of them, an appropriate naturalistic engineering work has been proposed and stability analyses have been carried out. These have been performed by considering different piezometric conditions and using two different approaches: (a) a classical deterministic approach, which adopts deterministic values for the mechanical properties of the soils neglecting any uncertainty, and (b) a probabilistic approach that takes into account a statistical variability of the soil property values by means of their probability density functions (PDFs). The geometry of each slope derives from a digital model of the soil with 1 meter resolution, obtained through Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) survey provided by the Italian Ministry of the Environment. The soil mechanical characteristics and their PDFs are derived from the geotechnical soil property database of the Perugia Province. Results show an increase in slope stability produced by the adopted countermeasures measured in terms of Factor of Safety ( F s ), Probability of Failure (PoF) and efficiency.
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Song, Gaofeng, Xiaoruan Song, Shiqin He, Dezhong Kong, and Shuai Zhang. "Soil Reinforcement with Geocells and Vegetation for Ecological Mitigation of Shallow Slope Failure." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 21, 2022): 11911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141911911.
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Soil reinforcement using geocells and vegetation is one of the best forms of soil protection for shallow slope failure control. The geocell supports the vegetation growth and the vegetation cover provides protection against the surface erosion. This work proposed a soil treatment method using geocells for supporting the vegetation growth and stabilizing the shallow slope. A step-by-step installation of the geocells in the field and the development of vegetation growth were also described. The authors developed nine physical models that were reinforced with different sized geocell structures (no reinforcement and small and large geocell reinforcement). The models were placed under three rainfall intensities (50, 75, and 100 mm/h). The stability of the slope under the rainfall and the performance of the geocell reinforcement were assessed from the the development of slope failures, the soil erosion and the slope displacement. The results showed that the stability of geocell reinforced slopes were better off than the unsupported slope. The small geocell-reinforced slopes showed less measured soil erosion and also smaller slope displacement. In general, small geocells outperformed large geocells in terms of the erosion control and slope stabilization. The rainfall intensity dramatically increased the soil erosion on slopes. The geocell- and vegetation-treated slope in the field showed good resistance against the surface erosion.
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Sittadewi, Euthalia Hanggari. "FUNCTION OF INTERCEPTION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND ROOT REINFORCEMENT OF PLANT ON SLOPE STABILIZATION." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Mitigasi Bencana 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jstmb.v15i1.4116.
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The ability of plants to carry out the functions of interception, evapotranspiration and root reinforcement provides an effective and contributes to an increase in slope stability. Canopy has a role in the process of interception related to the reduction of amount the infiltrated water and the rapid fulfilment of soil moisture. Through the evapotranspiration mechanism, plants can reduce pore water pressure in the soil so that the trigger force for landslides can be reduced and the soil will be more stable. The roots mechanically strengthen the soil, through the transfer of shear stresses in the soil into tensile resistance in the roots. Roots also bind soil particles and increase surface roughness, thereby reducing the process of soil displacement or erosion. There is a positive relationship between the density of the tree canopy with the value of rainfall interception, evapotranspiration with a decrease in pore water pressure in the soil and the ability of root anchoring and binding with an increase in soil shear strength, indicating that the function of interception, evapotranspiration and strengthening of plant roots have a positive effect on increasing slope stability. Plants selection that considers the level of interception, the rate of evapotranspiration and root reinforcement by adjusting environmental and slopes conditions will determine the success of slope stabilization efforts by vegetative methods.Keywords : interception, evapotranspiration, root reinforcement, slope stabilization.
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Mao, Jun Hua, Fang Qing Chen, and Jin Xia Zhang. "Discussion on the Mechanism Research of Pioneer Plant Roots in Riverbank Soil Conservation and Slope Stabilization in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2143.
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The change of fluctuating rhythm of water level resulted from the construction of the Three Gorges Hydropower Project impacts the composition and structure of riverbank plant communities and plant growth in the reservoir area, which further affects the effects of plant root systems on soil conservation and slope stabilization. The changing trends of riverside ecological environment and vegetation in the reservoir area were analyzed in this paper, so was the study of mechanism on plant root systems in soil conservation and slope stabilization. Some suggestions were put forward finally for the mechanism research of pioneer plant roots in riverbank soil conservation and slope stabilization. It was suggested that the effects and mechanism of plant roots in soil conservation and slope stabilization in the Three Gorges reservoir area could be evaluated and uncovered by studying the temporal and spatial dynamics of root tensile strength, erosion resistance, shear resistance, soil physical and chemical properties, and their relationship with dynamics of the pioneer plant root structure responding to environmental changes induced by the construction of the hydropower project. The study also should include field investigation and simulated experiments in laboratory. The field investigation could reveal the changes of temporal and spatial dynamics of pioneer plant roots’ tensile strength, erosion resistance, shear resistance, and soil physical properties. The simulated experiments could evaluate quantitatively the relationship between plant root structure and their effects on soil conservation and slope stabilization.