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Academic literature on the topic 'Small business Water Shanghai (China)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Small business Water Shanghai (China)"
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Ao, Xiangyu, C. S. B. Grimmond, Dongwei Liu, Zhihui Han, Ping Hu, Yadong Wang, Xinrong Zhen, and Jianguo Tan. "Radiation Fluxes in a Business District of Shanghai, China." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 55, no. 11 (November 2016): 2451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0082.1.
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AbstractRadiative fluxes are key drivers of surface–atmosphere heat exchanges in cities. Here the first yearlong (December 2012–November 2013) measurements of the full radiation balance for a dense urban site in Shanghai, China, are presented, collected with a CNR4 net radiometer mounted 80 m above ground. Clear-sky incoming shortwave radiation K↓ (median daytime maxima) ranges from 575 W m−2 in winter to 875 W m−2 in spring, with cloud cover reducing the daily maxima by about 160 W m−2. The median incoming longwave radiation daytime maxima are 305 and 468 W m−2 in winter and summer, respectively, with increases of 30 and 15 W m−2 for cloudy conditions. The effect of air quality is evident: haze conditions decrease hourly median K↓ by 11.3%. The midday (1100–1300 LST) clear-sky surface albedo α is 0.128, 0.141, 0.143, and 0.129 for winter, spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. The value of α varies with solar elevation and azimuth angle because of the heterogeneity of the urban surface. In winter, shadows play an important role in decreasing α in the late afternoon. For the site, the bulk α is 0.14. The Net All-Wave Radiation Parameterization Scheme/Surface Urban Energy and Water Balance Scheme (NARP/SUEWS) land surface model reproduces the radiation components at this site well, which is a promising result for applications elsewhere. These observations help to fill the gap of long-term radiation measurements in East Asian and low-latitude cities, quantifying the effects of season, cloud cover, and air quality.
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Li, Jian. "Tracing the heritage of Pidgin English in mainland China." English Today 33, no. 3 (January 3, 2017): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000638.
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The most widely accepted origin of the word ‘Pidgin’ is that it is a Chinese pronunciation of the English word business (etymonline.com). Pidgin English in mainland China has another popular localised nickname, i.e. yangjingbang 洋泾浜 English, a trade jargon term often used in Shanghai. However, this popular Pidgin English has been played down in linguistic research in mainland China because of the assumption of colonial connotations (Jin, 2011). Although it did not thrive or even survive in mainland China, Pidgin English has influenced to no small degree both contemporary culture and language in Shanghai, as well as other Chinese varieties.
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Rocha, Leon. "A Small Business of Sexual Enlightenment: Zhang Jingsheng’s “Beauty Bookshop”, Shanghai 1927-1929." British Journal of Chinese Studies 9, no. 2 (July 27, 2019): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51661/bjocs.v9i2.35.
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This paper addresses the history and historiography of sexual knowledge during the May Fourth New Culture Movement (ca. 1910s-1930s) in China. Chinese intellectuals engaged in an ambitious project to build a “New Culture”, translating and appropriating a wide range of foreign ideas including European and American works on sexology, reproduction, and eugenics. I focus on “Dr Sex”, Zhang Jingsheng (1888-1970), well-known for his 1926 publication Sex Histories. Zhang wanted to introduce the scientific study of sex to China and to overthrow what he regarded as repressive Chinese traditions. Between 1927 and 1929, Zhang operated the “Beauty Bookshop” in Fuzhou Road, Shanghai’s “cultural street”, to disseminate his writings and translations. He also published a short-lived journal called New Culture, which carried articles on politics, aesthetics, and most interestingly, readers’ inquiries on sexual and reproductive practices. The case study on Zhang Jingsheng’s “small business of sexual enlightenment”––to adapt a term from Leo Ou-fan Lee (in turn borrowed from Robert Darnton)––sheds light on local entrepreneurial and commercial dynamics in the publishing field of 1920s Shanghai that were crucial to the distribution of knowledge. It also offers an opportunity to see how China’s urban, bourgeois, educated readers engaged with modern medico-scientific knowledge.
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Cao, Y. S., J. G. Tang, M. Henze, X. P. Yang, Y. P. Gan, J. Li, H. Kroiss, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht, Y. Zhang, and G. T. Daigger. "The leakage of sewer systems and the impact on the ‘black and odorous water bodies’ and WWTPs in China." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.051.
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Abstract China has achieved significant progress on wastewater treatment and aquatic environmental protection. However, leakage (in- and exfiltration) of sewer systems is still an issue. By using the statistical data of water and wastewater in 2016 in China, and the person loads (PLs) of water and wastewater in Singapore, the leakage fractions of hydraulic flow, organic carbon (COD), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mass loading, and in-sewer COD biological removal in the sewer systems of China (except Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan), Shanghai, Guangzhou and Beijing were reported for the first time. The fractions of hydraulic flow infiltration (13%, Shanghai and Guangzhou) and exfiltration (39%, China) were calculated. Except Beijing, whose sewer networks are under appropriate management with small leakage fractions, the exfiltration fractions of COD (including in-sewer biological COD removal) ranged from 41% (Shanghai) to 66% (China) and averaged 55%; N ranged from 18% (Shanghai) to 48% (China) and averaged 33%; and P ranged from 23% (Shanghai and Guangzhou) to 44% (China) and averaged 30%. The exfiltrated sewage, COD, N and P not only wastes resources, but also contaminates the aquatic environment (especially groundwater) and contributes to ‘black and odorous water bodies’. In- and exfiltration in the sewer network leads to low influent COD concentration, C/N ratio and high inorganic solids and inert particulate COD concentrations of many municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) causing high cost for nutrient removal, poor resource recovery, additional reactor/settler volume requirement and other operational problems. Therefore, tackling sewer leakage is of primary importance to today's environment in China. Recommendations for the inspection of sewer systems and the rehabilitation of damaged sewers as well as the development of design and operation guidelines of municipal WWTPs tailored to the specific local sewage characteristics and other conditions are proposed.
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Ke, Qiulin, and Karen Sieracki. "Market maturity: China commercial real estate market." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 33, no. 1 (February 2, 2015): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2013-0047.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the evolutionary path to market maturity that China property market has taken over the last few decades. The focus is on the commercial real estate markets in Beijing and Shanghai. It will help international investors understand the market environment, risk and market activity process. Design/methodology/approach – In this research, the authors apply the market maturity framework and its key determinants based on previous work undertaken by Keogh and D’Arcy (1994) and Chin et al. (2006) for the analysis of Chinese commercial property market. Particular focus is on Beijing and Shanghai. The questionnaire is designed to obtain fair and objective views from international property consultancy firms active in Beijing and Shanghai markets. There are not many of these international property consultancies. The reason why this type of business was selected was to insure that the business had an understanding of China’s place in the global commercial real estate market as this market matures from its emerging market status. Findings – The findings reveal that the respondents felt the commercial property markets in Shanghai and Beijing were now moderately mature. However, issues such as poorer level of standard market information, development instability, low transparency of the legal system, high taxes and high government invention still existed in China’s commercial property market, therefore hindering its progress towards greater market maturity. Research limitations/implications – The small same size of the survey is the major limitation of the research. Practical implications – International investors and analysts can benefit from the research findings through a better understanding of the behaviour and trends in this unique market which will be reflected in their decision-making process. Originality/value – An explorative approach was used due to the lack of data to examine the perception of China’s commercial property market’s evolution and maturity. The findings can then be placed in the context of other Southeast Asian cities. The evolutionary process of China’s property market is rarely examined in previous studies of China property market due to the lack of data and transparency.
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YAO, LIANG. "Nationalism on Their Own Terms: The National Products Movement and the Coca-Cola protest in Shanghai, 1945–1949." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 5 (August 29, 2017): 1439–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000433.
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AbstractThis article re-examines the meanings of Chinese nationalism and its relationship to vibrant and recurring National Products movements in modern China through the case of the Shanghai Coca-Cola protest of 1947–1948. In a campaign to revitalize national industry, the Chinese business community of Shanghai targeted Coca-Cola as a foreign luxury, and asked the Nationalist government to prohibit the importation of raw materials for Coca-Cola. However, archival materials show that not only was the Coca-Cola bottler in Shanghai—Watson's Mineral Water Company—a Chinese company but they had made large contributions during previous National Products movements. Using imported raw materials was also a very common practice in the Chinese soft drinks industry in the first half of the twentieth century. By revealing inconsistencies between the Chinese business community's statement of protest and the actual character of Coca-Cola's Shanghai bottler, this article argues that in this case Chinese nationalism became a pretext and tool for business competition. This research suggests that Chinese nationalism as an analytical lens remains complicated and its role and meaning in history must not be over-generalized. Rather than the existence of a unified and singular nationalism, Chinese nationalisms have been socially constructed over time, with multiple faces, interpretations, and functions for different interest groups.
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Shen, Hong, and Zhen Zhen Jiang. "SWOT Analysis for Serviced Apartment Based on Information Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 2011–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.2011.
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With the acceleration of building Shanghai as an international financial center, a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises and foreign firms are stepping up to seize the market. Business and tourism floating population keep increasing. Data of the 6th Population Census showed that Shanghais resident population has reached 23019148, and population coming from other provinces but now living in Shanghai for more than half a year has reached 8977000, which accounting for the city's resident population of 39%.7 High percentage of non-native population led to housing consumption problems. The traditional hotel seems too expensive for people who want to settle down for a long time. The serviced apartment which appeared in the 1990s in China, has won a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises and expatriate managers' favor because of the hotel-style services, apartment-style management and relatively cheap prices. And it is still developing very fast. This article is focus on analyzing Shanghai serviced apartment by SWOT, so as to provide suggestions for consumers.
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Hietala, Reija, Pingyang Liu, and Shengxin Qi. "Does Small-Scale Organic Farming Contribute to the Local Environment—A Case Study in Suburban Shanghai, China." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081601.
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Small-scale organic farming is developing rapidly in China, especially in suburbs of megacities, and enriches the connotation of urban agriculture–. Much attention has been paid to the socio-economic aspects of small-scale organic farming and takes for granted that it contributes to the local environment and the sustainable agriculture while little has been explored regarding its actual environmental contributions and associated influencing factors, especially in those rapid developing suburb areas. Based on the case study of three small-scale organic farms in the suburbs of Shanghai, we examined uncertificated organic farming practices, focusing on the farm diversity, fertilization and pest control without chemical inputs, and the restoration of biosystems. Potential of environmental contributions were evaluated from the production perspective of input reductions. It was found that such uncertificated small-scale organic farming does contribute to the local water environment, helping improve soil quality, and gradual recovery of farm biodiversity. However, all the environmental benefits are fragile and highly dependent on the profit availability and professional knowledge of the farm as well as the availability of policy supports.
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Kitching, Beverley M., and Pamela A. Jackson. "Female Entrepreneurs in a Transitional Economy." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 3, no. 2 (May 2002): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101299132.
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Many questions can be raised about the position of women in business in China. Has the reform period given women greater opportunities to enhance their economic and social status? What proportion of new small businesses are owned by women and how does the situation in China compare with that in other countries? Are women involved in large businesses? Are women in managerial positions in private business? Are women as motivated as men to achieve managerial positions? Do men and women in China manage businesses differently? Do men and women have different personnel management styles? What are the career options? Are women subject to discrimination and harassment in the workplace? Does the ‘glass ceiling’ exist in China? Are the issues of concern for Chinese businesswomen similar to those of businesswomen elsewhere or are their experiences determined more by specifically Chinese social and economic conditions? These questions are being examined through ongoing research conducted in Yunnan province in south-west China and in Shanghai and Suzhou in eastern China using literature search, questionnaire survey and structured interviews with women working in both state-owned and private business.
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Dong, Bo, Shiyang Zhu, Ying Song, Shaowei Guan, Jinhui Pang, and Zhenghua Jiang. "Synthesis of poly(arylene ether ketone) containing phenylsulfonic acid pendant for proton exchange membrane." High Performance Polymers 29, no. 10 (October 26, 2016): 1232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008316674343.
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A series of phenylsulfonic acid–containing poly(arylene ether ketone) (psa-PAEK) were synthesized via polycondensation from 2-(4-methoxy)phenylhydroquinone and other commercial monomers, followed by postsulfonation approach under mild reaction conditions. Controlled substituted sites and the degree of sulfonation were realized using quantities of 2-(4-methoxy)phenylhydroquinone. Giving the psa-PAEK can be soluble in common organic solvents such as Dimethylsulfoxide, purity ≥99.5% (DMSO, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China), NMP, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone purity ≥99.0% (NMP, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Lted, Shanghai, China), and N,N-dimethylacetamide, purity ≥99.0% (DMAc, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Lted, Shanghai, China). The tough and transparent polymer membrane was prepared by the solution casting method, which exhibited excellent mechanical properties and high proton conductivities. The tensile stress at maximum load and elongation at break of these membranes are 28.3–34.1 MPa and 101–126% in dry state, respectively. The proton conductivities of these membranes were higher than 10−2 S cm−1 at room temperature in water. Especially, the psa-PAEK-90 with ion exchange capacity of 1.62 mequiv. g−1 exhibited the proton conductivity of 176 mS cm−1 at 80°C in water. The clear microphase separation morphology was observed by small-angle X-ray scattering, which is a powerful evidence to explain their high conductive behaviors. These results suggest that the psa-PAEK membranes have great potential as a candidate membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Small business Water Shanghai (China)"
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Warwick, Mara Kathryn. "Environmental information collection and enforcement at small-scale enterprises in Shanghai the role of the bureaucracy, legislatures and citizens /." online access from Digital dissertation consortium access full-text, 2003. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3090701.
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