Relevant bibliographies by topics / Small groups in literature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Small groups in literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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Chen, Ke, and Adrian Dumitrescu. "Selection Algorithms with Small Groups." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 31, no. 03 (April 2020): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054120500136.

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We revisit the selection problem, namely that of computing the [Formula: see text]th order statistic of [Formula: see text] given elements, in particular the classic deterministic algorithm by grouping and partition due to Blum, Floyd, Pratt, Rivest, and Tarjan (1973). Whereas the original algorithm uses groups of odd size at least [Formula: see text] and runs in linear time, it has been perpetuated in the literature that using smaller group sizes will force the worst-case running time to become superlinear, namely [Formula: see text]. We first point out that the usual arguments found in the literature justifying the superlinear worst-case running time fall short of proving this claim. We further prove that it is possible to use group size smaller than [Formula: see text] while maintaining the worst case linear running time. To this end we introduce three simple variants of the classic algorithm, the repeated step algorithm, the shifting target algorithm, and the hyperpair algorithm, all running in linear time.
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Nystrand, Martin, Adam Gamoran, and Mary Jo Heck. "Using Small Groups for Response to and Thinking about Literature." English Journal 82, no. 1 (January 1993): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/820670.

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Wilkerson, Luann. "Tutors and small groups in problem-based learning: Lessons from the literature." New Directions for Teaching and Learning 1996, no. 68 (1996): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tl.37219966806.

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Busse, Ronald. "Value diversity and performance in small groups." Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management 8, no. 2 (October 9, 2017): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchrm-06-2017-0011.

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Purpose This paper aims to contributes to the literature on team diversity, both in general as well as relating to Chinese managers. Previous studies largely focused on the link between work group heterogeneity in terms of different ages, genders or nationalities of the members and performance. It adds to this body of knowledge by investigating the relationship between the composition of value priorities of team members and achievement, team identity and intra-team communication. The assumption behind this is that differences in value priorities represent the underlying latent source for team diversity, which is only insufficiently represented by the above observable demographic variables. Design/methodology/approach To test for optimal value priority composition, a series of experiments was conducted with 29 project teams and four team types comprising 174 Chinese expatriates at a German business school. Findings The general result is that (in the long run) highly heterogeneous teams and (in the short run) highly homogeneous teams outperform moderately heterogeneous work groups. However, the major contribution is that the relation between value diversity and performance has a modified upright U-shaped format. It specifically requires the attempt to close as many value gaps as possible. Originality/value This new insight, which has not been adequately explained by previous studies, results from the existence of a circular structure in which values are organised. Based on this specific outcome, the paper provides recommendations for practicing managers both in China and elsewhere, admits limitations and paves the way for future research avenues.
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Karageorge, Aspasia, Jeanette Lancaster, Shirley Prager, and Louise Nash. "Where do Peer Review Groups fit in the international Continuing Professional Development literature?" Australasian Psychiatry 27, no. 6 (September 19, 2019): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856219871880.

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Objectives: To describe what is reported in the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) literature on small group learning formats in medicine, including the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) CPD Peer Review Groups (PRGs). Method: A literature review of international peer-reviewed publications in relation to the use of small group learning formats for CPD in medicine. Results: Small groups are commonly used as a learning format in medical CPD, primarily in general practice, but are little researched. Such groups take differing forms and they are valued by participants for a range of purposes, having effects on professionalism, clinical performance and doctors’ wellbeing. Conclusion: We believe that the contribution of these groups to medical CPD should be further explored. To this end, this review forms the first part of a research project focussing on the RANZCP PRG model used by Australian and New Zealand psychiatrists.
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Stephenson, Stanley D. "The use of small groups in computer-based training: A review of recent literature." Computers in Human Behavior 10, no. 3 (September 1994): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0747-5632(94)90054-x.

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Srinivasan, S. "Maximal subgroups of finite groups." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 13, no. 2 (1990): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s016117129000045x.

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In finite groups maximal subgroups play a very important role. Results in the literature show that if the maximal subgroup has a very small index in the whole group then it influences the structure of the group itself. In this paper we study the case when the index of the maximal subgroups of the groups have a special type of relation with the Fitting subgroup of the group.
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Brooke, Robert, Ruth Mirtz, and Rick Evans. "Small Groups in Writing Workshops: Invitations to a Writer's Life." College Composition and Communication 48, no. 1 (February 1997): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/358778.

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Murillo, Andrea, Marga Goris, Ahmed Ahmed, Rafaela Cuenca, and Josep Pastor. "Leptospirosis in cats: Current literature review to guide diagnosis and management." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 22, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x20903601.

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Global importance: Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis worldwide. Mammals (eg, rats, horses, cows, pigs, dogs, cats and aquatic species, such as sea lions and northern elephant seals) can all be infected by leptospires. Infection in animals occurs through contact with urine or water contaminated with the bacteria. In people, the disease is acquired mainly from animal sources or through recreational activities in contaminated water. Practical relevance: Literature on the clinical presentation of leptospirosis in cats is scarce, although it has been demonstrated that cats are susceptible to infection and are capable of developing antibodies. The prevalence of antileptospiral antibodies in cats varies from 4% to 33.3% depending on the geographical location. Urinary shedding of leptospires in naturally infected cats has been reported, with a prevalence of up to 68%. Infection in cats has been associated with the consumption of infected prey, especially rodents. Thus, outdoor cats have a higher risk of becoming infected. Clinical challenges: Clinical presentation of this disease in cats is rare and it is not known what role cats have in the transmission of leptospirosis. Ongoing work is needed to characterise feline leptospirosis. Audience: This review is aimed at all veterinarians, both general practitioners who deal with cats on a daily basis in private practice, as well as feline practitioners, since both groups face the challenge of diagnosing and treating infectious and zoonotic diseases. Evidence base: The current literature on leptospirosis in cats is reviewed. To date, few case reports have been published in the field, and information has mostly been extrapolated from infections in people and dogs. This review is expected to serve as a guide for the diagnosis and management of the disease in cats.
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Dufour, Darna L. "Diet and nutritional status of Ameridians: a review of the literature." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 7, no. 4 (December 1991): 481–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1991000400003.

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This paper reviews and evaluates the available data on diet and nutritional status of Amerindians living in the tropical forests of Amazonia. The diets of most Amerindians are based on cassava and plantains/bananas, with high quality protein coming from fish, game and invertebrates. The composition of Amerindian diets is known for only a few groups. In these groups the dietary intake of households and adults appears to be adequate in energy and protein. However, the high bulk, low caloric density of the diets suggests that they are not concentrated enough for children. Anthropometric data is available for a number of groups. Adults are small in size, but nutritional status assessed in terms of weight-for-height is generally good. Children are small for their age, and in some groups more than 10% would be classified as undernourished on the basis of weight-for-height, and/or clinical signs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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Fisher, Ruth Newton. "A comparison of tenth grade students' small group discussions to adults' small group discussions in response to literature." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54290.

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No reported research studies have compared the responses of mature adults to the responses of tenth-grade students to short stories. The case studies presented here were designed to describe the kinds of responses offered by adults and students, and to compare the responses of students to the responses of adults. The case studies were also designed to report indications· that any of three methods of small group discussions over a period of time influenced students to respond to short stories in a manner that is more like the responses of adults. A tenth-grade academic English class was randomly divided into three groups of seven students. The Reflective Reading Group participated in teacher-directed small group discussions using a highly structured questioning strategy. The Question Group 11sed the lists of' questions from the questioning strategy as guides for their discussions. The Free Discussion Group participated in free discussions with no directions as to how the discussions should proceed. The Question Group and the Free Discussion Group had no supervision by a teacher or other authority figure. The adult group also participated in free discussions. The free discussions of the three student groups, one as a pre-treatment sample and one as a post-treatment sample, and the adult discussions were tape recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were coded as Factual and subcategories, Inferential and subcategories, Experiential and subcategories, Judgmental and subcategories, and Miscellaneous, and as Appropriate or Inappropriate. The responses were also analyzed to determine the comprehensiveness of the discussion, the length of responses, the nature of inappropriate comments, the breadth of participation, and change of mind of a discussant. No clear patterns of change in the student responses were found as a result of the treatments. The Reflective Reading Group appeared to have become dependent on the questioning strategy. The Question Group had a less comprehensive discussion in Free Discussion II, indicating that the lists of questions might have influenced the students to focus on fewer aspects of the story. The Free Discussion Group offered responses that were categorically more like the responses of the adults in their final free discussion, suggesting that a series of free discussions may help students offer responses that are more like the responses of adults in free discussions.
Ph. D.
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Robinson, Ariel. "Small Group Read Aloud with Nonfiction and Fiction Literature in Preschool." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13877164.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher’s roles and children’s responses during small group read aloud with fiction and nonfiction literature in one preschool classroom. This instrumental case study draws from three theoretical orientations: sociocultural theory, reader response theory, and the emergent literacy perspective. Two preschool teachers and 19 children were video and audio recorded as they participated in small group read aloud events that occurred during choice time in their classroom twice per day. Transcripts of interviews and small group read aloud sessions were analyzed. Analysis included open coding, axial coding, and constant-comparative techniques to reach data saturation.

Research findings suggest that teachers employed similar and different scaffolding and modeling strategies when reading fictional and nonfiction literature, differentiated instruction for younger and older children, as well as responded aesthetically to fictional stories and efferently to nonfiction texts. Children utilized a range of meaning making strategies and responded both aesthetically and efferently to both types of text. Older children served as peer models for their younger classmates.

This study has several implications. Future research should investigate read aloud with fiction and nonfiction literature with different populations of teachers and children, repeated readings of nonfiction literature, and large versus small group read aloud in preschool. Implications for preschool teachers include careful selection of fiction and nonfiction literature, employing additional reading strategies for nonfiction, differentiating instruction for younger and older preschoolers, and reading across the efferent-aesthetic continuum with both types of text. Preschool administrators should make reading instruction with fiction and nonfiction texts a priority. Early childhood teacher education faculty can support preservice teachers’ capacities to read fiction and nonfiction literature with children.

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Warner, Marcus. "A manual for teaching a literary approach to the scriptures for small group leaders." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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Martinez-Roldan, Carmen Maria. "The power of children's dialogue: The discourse of Latino students in small group literature discussions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289185.

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This study examines the discourse of second grade bilingual students participating in small group literature discussions over one academic year. The main research question is "What is the nature of the talk in which second-grade bilingual Spanish/English students engage as they discuss children's literature in small groups?" The study is based on a qualitative research design, using methods and techniques from ethnography and case study research, and was conducted in a collaboration with a teacher researcher. It describes the conversations of 21 Latino students, Mexican American children from working-class families, during 19 literature discussions. Each literature discussion consisted of four small groups of students for a total of 75 literature circles. Ten students were English dominant, and 11 were Spanish dominant. The students were sometimes grouped by language dominance, but most of the time they were heterogeneous groups where both English and Spanish dominant students talked with each other about the same self-selected book. Nine students and 11 literature circles were chosen as case studies to examine in depth the range of the students' responses to literature. Data gathering methods included field notes from participant observation, audiotapes, transcripts, videotapes of 75 literature circles, and samples of the students' written responses to literature. Through a detailed description and analysis of the children's responses to literature, this study documents how young bilingual children can have sophisticated literary responses and meaningful discussions of texts given opportunity and an appropriate context. Small group literature discussions, informed by Rosenblatt's reader-response theory, are proposed to be a crucial component of an intellectually challenging curriculum, especially in facilitating various forms of talk about text. This study shows that the small groups created a collective zone of proximal development for students' meaningful discussions. The findings of this research illustrate that there is no need for delaying children's development of critical thinking until they first learn to decode, emphasizing skills at the expense of content and thoughtfulness. A collaborative approach to research where the classroom teacher participates in the study is also proposed as an effective research model aimed toward educational change.
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Vogel, Park de Delgado Joy Irene. "Modern literature course : combining on-line elements, cooperative and experiential learning to help in the effectivity of a classroom based course /." Click here to view full-text, 2006. http://sitcollection.cdmhost.com/u?/p4010coll3,305.

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Cox, Clover L. "Small group counseling for children in changing families, the effects of family change on children, and the benefits of group counseling within the elementary school a review of the literature /." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999cox.pdf.

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Martin, Gary. "Connecting the church through small groups Worthington Christian Church's small groups focus for 2005 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p031-0168.

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Moreno, Lars. "Informal Leadership in Small Groups." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16681.

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This study identified factors and variables of informal leadership in small groups with different gender composition (Men, women and mixed groups) and goal orientation (competition and cooperation). Behavioral dominance patterns (Information Sheet, pencil, decision sheet) and number of verbal interventions were compared to the main informal leadership factors identified in the groups. There were 24 participants (12 men and 12 women). Among the main variables and factors identified, there were some that had a higher possibility to appear than other. There was no significant difference of the factors and variables between women and men. Communication variables were more likely to be present in groups with the goal of cooperation as for the goal of competition. Guidance variables were more likely to be present in women groups than in men groups and mixed groups. There was a significant correlation between the factor’s Communication, Character and Guidance with the number of interventions and behavioral dominance patterns.
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Martin, Nancy J. "Small Groups in Big Churches." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193967.

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This dissertation advances our understanding of the structure of social relations between small groups and the larger organizations within which such groups are situated. Specifically, I examine structures of leadership and authority to gain an in-depth understanding of group organization in one nondenominational and one Southern Baptist megachurch. Methods include in-depth interviews with church clergy, staff, and group leaders; participant observation in groups and other church activities; and a written survey for group leaders. Using this combination of methods, I investigate how small groups are structured in terms of their connections to the megachurches within which they reside. I examine the extent to which the church staff provides oversight and exerts control over groups, and I connect variation on this dimension to how groups relate to their members and to the outside world.My findings include, first, that market metaphors permeate the organization of groups in these two megachurch organizations. The diffusion of ideas and practices from other institutional realms is notable in these two sites, and this may be true for megachurches more generally. Second, I argue that understanding strictness in religious groups is at least as much about the structure of relations between church leadership and membership as it is about beliefs. Third, small groups in megachurches look very much like small groups in American religion more generally, and church oversight may not make much difference in solving problems in small groups identified in previous research. Finally, I find that the level of oversight and control exerted by church leadership on the organization of groups may have a critical influence on the function of groups. Loose and tight connections appear to encourage a more outward and inward focus, respectively.Sociologists studying religious strictness or small groups in any setting should pay particular attention to the structure of relations connecting groups to the larger organizations within which they reside. Religious leaders interested in organizing groups of members should understand that the structure they create to connect with group leaders is at least as important as beliefs they teach leaders, in terms of influencing the focus of the groups.
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McCartney, Richard. "Community building through small groups." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.

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Books on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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Clements, Dee. Read & reflect: Literature discussions in small groups. Carlton South, Vic., Australia: Curriculum Corporation, 2003.

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Differentiated small-group reading lessons. New York: Scholastic, 2009.

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McNamara, Jill Westberg. Rescuing the Bible from fundamentalism: A bishop rethinks the meaning of Scripture [by] John Shelby Spong : a study guide for individuals and small groups. [San Francisco]: HarperSanFrancisco, 1995.

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Sociopoética de la dramaturgia: El concepto de "grupo pequeño" como fenómeno dramático y teatral. Madrid: Orígenes, 1992.

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Stevens, Woodie J. Every Paul needs a Timothy: Blessings for teachers and small-group leaders. Kansas City, Mo: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2009.

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1949-, Sailors J. D., ed. Every Paul needs a Timothy: Blessings for teachers and small-group leaders. Kansas City, Mo: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 2009.

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Anderson, Sherwood. Winesburg, Ohio: A group of tales of Ohio small town life. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1995.

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J, Mahaney C., ed. Why small groups? Gaithersburg, MD: People of Destiny International, 1996.

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Growing small groups. Kansas City, Mo: Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City, 1995.

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Riley, Betsy. Small groups manual. Fayetteville, GA: Worldwide Discipleship Association, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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van Schaik, Leon, Nigel Bertram, Shane Murray, Deborah Rowe, and Helena Harry. "Small Groups." In Suburbia Reimagined, 79–97. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315111315-6.

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Sambale, Benjamin. "Small Defect Groups." In Blocks of Finite Groups and Their Invariants, 181–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12006-5_13.

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Exley, Kate, Reg Dennick, and Andrew Fisher. "Working with learner groups." In Small Group Teaching, 85–114. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429490897-6.

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Huggett, Kathryn N. "Teaching in Small Groups." In An Introduction to Medical Teaching, 27–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9066-6_3.

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Newble, David, and Robert Cannon. "Teaching in Small Groups." In A Handbook for Medical Teachers, 37–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0578-3_3.

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Evans, Anthony B. "Data for small groups." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 77–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0092369.

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McCrorie, Peter. "Learning in Small Groups." In Understanding Medical Education, 123–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119373780.ch9.

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Evans, Anthony B. "Groups of Small Order." In Developments in Mathematics, 401–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94430-2_13.

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Newble, David, and Robert Cannon. "Teaching in Small Groups." In A Handbook for Medical Teachers, 37–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1426-4_3.

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Breuillard, Emmanuel, Ben Green, and Terence Tao. "Small Doubling in Groups." In Bolyai Society Mathematical Studies, 129–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39286-3_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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Pan, Shimei, and Tao Ding. "Social Media-based User Embedding: A Literature Review." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/881.

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Automated representation learning is behind many recent success stories in machine learning. It is often used to transfer knowledge learned from a large dataset (e.g., raw text) to tasks for which only a small number of training examples are available. In this paper, we review recent advance in learning to represent social media users in low-dimensional embeddings. The technology is critical for creating high performance social media-based human traits and behavior models since the ground truth for assessing latent human traits and behavior is often expensive to acquire at a large scale. In this survey, we review typical methods for learning a unified user embeddings from heterogeneous user data (e.g., combines social media texts with images to learn a unified user representation). Finally we point out some current issues and future directions.
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Susilo, Muhammad Edy, and Prayudi Prayudi. "Small Business Communication Strategy in Facing Crisis." In LPPM UPN "VETERAN" Yogyakarta International Conference Series 2020. RSF Press & RESEARCH SYNERGY FOUNDATION, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/pss.v1i1.196.

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Crisis due to the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a worldwide crisis. Various sectors of life are affected by this crisis, including small businesses. This research reveals how the producer of Batik "Dewi Kunthi" Sleman, Yogyakarta, which is a micro-enterprise, survives the crisis. Researchers used qualitative methods by digging data in depth from critical sources, making observations, and looking for relevant literature. This research used Paul Argenti's concept in overcoming crises and Harold Lasswell's Model of Communication. The results showed that the group experienced frustration when hit by a crisis. None of the consumers bought their product, and the production process stopped for nearly two months. However, they seemed to have the toughness to face a crisis. They not only used the steps suggested by Argenti in dealing with the crisis but also went beyond it. Dewi Kunthi Batik Group diversifies its products and intensifies communication both internally and externally.
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Stepien, Sebastian, and Jan Polcyn. "Market integration as a determinant of agricultural prices and economic results of small-scale family farms." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.053.

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Due to the specific features of the land factor, under market conditions, there is a tendency towards income deprivation of farms in relation to their surroundings. One way to improve this situation is to create a system of market institutions for farmer-recipient transactions. The issue of the position of the agricultural producer in the food supply chain is widely described in the literature on the subject. Nevertheless, practical analyses showing the real impact of the marketing position on economic results of farm are still rare. Therefore, the aim of this article is to assess the relationship between market integration and agricultural selling prices and, as a consequence, the level of global output and household income. The analysis is based on primary data from surveys of over 700 small-scale family farms in Poland. The choice of small-scale farms was deliberate, as these entities are the most discriminated against in the food supply chain. Explaining this process is key to improving the economic situation of small-scale farming and constitutes a premise for the objectives of agricultural policy and creating business strategy. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive correlation between the level of integration of an agricultural holding and sales prices for selected groups of agricultural products. This, in turn, leads to the improvement of economic condition of farms more closely integrated with the market.
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Montoya, Ivan D., Elizabeth Rendon-Velez, and Juan A. Gallego-Sanchez. "Teaching Technical Design Specifications in Product Redesign Processes Using the FBS Model." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97858.

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Abstract Establishment of technical design specifications for the re-design of technical systems, which are not derived from customers needs, relies heavily on designers intuition and experience. The very few methods proposed in the literature for the establishment of such technical design specifications hinders the learning process in conceptual design subjects. The objective of this article is to propose a structured method for identification of technical design specifications based on the function-behavior-state (FBS) model applied on redesign tasks. The method is being taught to students on the course of methodical design in order to develop their abilities on the identification of technical specifications without relying on previous knowledge on the system and relying more on detailed observation. This method is based on the observation and identification of the different states taken by the attributes of the entities conforming the system (i.e., flows-function carriers-environment). A small scale preliminary study was conducted in order to validate the initial performance of the proposed method. Eight groups made up of undergraduate mechanical engineering students with basic knowledge in conceptual design were instructed to identify technical design specifications. The redesign task was to create an automated solution for replacing the manual production process at small food manufacturing companies. Four groups of students had to establish the specifications using their experience while the other four groups had to use the proposed method. Initial results showed for the proposed method a 36% increase in the number of identified specifications.
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Ņikitina, Tatjana, and Inga Lapiņa. "THE CONCEPT OF MANAGER: CRITICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPETENCIES REQUIRED." In Business and Management 2018. VGTU Technika, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2018.27.

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The aim of the research is to analyse manager’s competence groups, a manager role in modern enter-prise and clarify what competences are required for managers in knowledge intensive business service (KIBS) organizations. Authors assumed that natural changes in the external environment lead to ap-pearance and development of new managerial activities and competences or manifestation of a cer-tain set of competencies. Previous researchers reveal that new context of teams that are diversified in terms of locations, disciplines and social groups require managers to act differently. Other researchers emphasize acceleration of technological novelties and presence of new organizational forms such as small and medium enterprises (SMEs) also creates new operational processes and managerial activi-ties. Business society and labor market expect a professional who acts in different roles of entrepre-neur, leader, and manager simultaneously. The authors conducted literature overview and identified ten leading competencies that are necessary for a manager in KIBS.
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Talimi, V., and Y. S. Muzychka. "Numerical Studies on Non-Boiling Two-Phase Flows in Microtubes and Microchannels: A Review." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30276.

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Numerical studies on the hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of two-phase flows in small tubes and channels are reviewed. These flows are gas-liquid and liquid-liquid slug flows. The review is categorized into two groups of studies: circular and non-circular channels. Different aspects such as slug formation, slug shape, flow pattern, pressure drop and heat transfer are of interest. According to this review, there are some large gaps in the research literature, including pressure drop and heat transfer in liquid-liquid slug flows. Gaps in research are also found in applications of non-circular ducts, pressure drop and heat transfer in meandering microtubes and microchannels for both of gas-liquid and liquid-liquid two-phase flows.
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Tom, Alan M., and John P. Coulter. "Advancements in Micro-Molding for Small-Scale Product Fabrication." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33945.

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Globally, micro molding technology had been predicted to be a $40 billion market in 2002. Although it may seem overly optimistic, there is no doubt that micro molding will be a promising market in the near future. The ground work for micro molding technology has been initiated to enable future advancements in its technological development. Although the phrase “micro molding” has not yet become a common everyday word in the manufacturing industry, it is however prevalent and used quite extensively globally in numerous research institutes of academia and U.S. government research facilities. The development of micro molding component fabrication and its present day technology has been jump started by numerous advancements discovered and borrowed from existing electronic integrated circuit technology. Therefore, development of micro mold fabrication techniques for mass produced microstructures does not pose significant research problems. However, the same cannot be said for advancements in developing micro molding machinery and definitely not the case in the development and optimization of manufacturing processes. The following literature review is an informative attempt to concisely explain present day advancements in the development of micro scale components, focusing in particular, on micro injection molding tooling, machinery, and its accompanying processing conditions.
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Al-Kharraz, Heba, Rahaf Nader, Maha Al-Asmakh, and Jessica P. Johnson. "In Vitro Comparison of Two Single Layer Hand Sewn End-to-End Anastomosis Techniques in Normal Equine Jejunum: A Pilot study." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0192.

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Background: The equine small intestine can be affected by a variety of disorders, which may require some form of bypass or anastomosis procedure. Several small intestinal anastomosis techniques have been reported in scientific literature with the intention to minimize post-operative complications, however to our knowledge there are no published descriptions of the hand-sewn end-to-end single layer simple continuous Appositional technique for equine jejunojejunostomy. Objective: To compare and evaluate differences in the single layer continuous Appositional and the single layer continuous Lembert with respect to construction time, leakage pressure and bursting pressure; for the purpose of small intestinal anastomosis in the horse. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the time spent in the execution, leakage pressure and bursting pressure will be similar between the single layer continuous Lembert and the single layer simple continuous Appositional techniques. Since this is a pilot study, it is the first step to prove the efficacy of the Appositional technique by showing its similarity with the Lembert technique, considering the latter to be the ‘gold standard’. Methodology: Thirty-Seven intestinal segments from two horses were used to compare the single layer continuous Appositional and single layer continuous Lembert techniques. The time taken to execute the anastomoses, and the number of bites taken for each pattern, were recorded. Biomechanical testing was performed to determine leakage pressure and bursting pressure. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8. Result: The comparison in construction time between the Lembert group (mean, 24.23 mins, n=19) and the Appositional group (mean, 21.74 mins, n=18) were found to be statistically insignificant (P=0.3088). There was also no changes in Leakage pressure (P=0.3862) and bursting pressure (P=0.3135) between the two groups. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the Appositional technique is a viable alternative to the Lembert technique, with respect to construction time, leakage and bursting pressures, for the purpose of end-to-end jejunojejunal anastomosis in the horse
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Alkharraz, Heba, Rahaf Nader, Maha Al‐ Asmakh, and Jessica Johnson. "In Vitro Comparison of Two Single Layer Hand Sewn end‐to‐end Anastomosis Techniques in Normal Equine Jejunum: A Pilot Study." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0198.

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Background: The equine small intestine can be affected by a variety of disorders, which may require some form of bypass or anastomosis procedure. Several small intestinal anastomosis techniques have been reported in scientific literature with the intention to minimize post-operative complications, however to our knowledge there are no published descriptions of the hand-sewn end-to-end single layer simple continuous Appositional technique for equine jejunojejunostomy. Objective: To compare and evaluate differences in the single layer continuous Appositional and the single layer continuous Lembert with respect to construction time, leakage pressure and bursting pressure; for the purpose of small intestinal anastomosis in the horse. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the time spent in the execution, leakage pressure and bursting pressure will be similar between the single layer continuous Lembert and the single layer simple continuous Appositional techniques. Since this is a pilot study, it is the first step to prove the efficacy of the Appositional technique by showing its similarity with the Lembert technique, considering the latter to be the ‘gold standard’. Methodology: Thirty-Seven intestinal segments from two horses were used to compare the single layer continuous Appositional and single layer continuous Lembert techniques. The time taken to execute the anastomoses, and the number of bites taken for each pattern, were recorded. Biomechanical testing was performed to determine leakage pressure and bursting pressure. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8. Results: The comparison in construction time between the Lembert group (mean, 24.23 mins, n=19) and the Appositional group (mean, 21.74 mins, n=18) were found to be statistically insignificant (P=0.3088). There was also no changes in Leakage pressure (P=0.3862) and bursting pressure (P=0.3135) between the two groups. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that the Appositional technique is a viable alternative to the Lembert technique, with respect to construction time, leakage and bursting pressures, for the purpose of end-to-end jejunojejunal anastomosis in the horse.
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"Mobile Devices and Parenting [Extended Abstract]." In InSITE 2018: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: La Verne California. Informing Science Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3981.

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Aim/Purpose: This presentation will discuss how mobile devices are used to keep children busy and entertained during child care activities. Mobile devices are considered the 21st “Century Nanny” since parents and caregivers use those tools to engage children’s attention for indefinite periods of time. Research background on touch screen devices and children’s age groups are presented to map age to screen activities and the type of device used. The literature is then compared to a small sample of 45 students attending Pasitos, a pre-k and 1st and 2nd grade school in El Salvador, and the type of mobile devices they used after school. Background: The wide adoption of mobile devices to keep children busy and entertained is a growing concern and a cause for passionate debates. Methodology: This study considered two types of research to compare findings. One study was gathered from the literature to demonstrate how children use mobile devices, apps, and video genres based on age groups. The second study looked at 45 children attending Pasitos and the type of mobile devices they used during child care time at home. Pasitos is a pre-k and 1st and 2nd grade school in El Salvador. Contribution: Identify the type of mobile devices mostly used by children during child care activities. Findings: (1) Touchscreens are the most intuitive interfaces for young children; (2) children’s use of technology can strengthen the relationships between home and school; and (3) mobile apps consider children’s emotions, learning activities, and interaction in the development and design. Recommendations for Practitioners: Touchscreens are the most intuitive interfaces for young children, and adult supervision enhances the children's experience. Recommendation for Researchers: Mobile apps for design and development must consider children’s emotions, learning activities, and interaction. Impact on Society: Children’s use of technology can strengthen the relationships between home and school. Future Research: Few studies have researched the impact of young children’s cognitive and social development with the use of mobile apps.
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Reports on the topic "Small groups in literature"

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LaJoie, Andrew S., and Bruce S. Sterling. A Review and Annotated Bibliography of the Literature Pertaining to Team and Small Group Performance (1989 to 1999). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada371864.

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Idris, Iffat. LGBT Rights and Inclusion in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.067.

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This review looks at the extent to which LGBT rights are provided for under law in a range of Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and the record on implementation/enforcement, as well as approaches to promote LGBT rights and inclusion. SIDS covered are those in the Caribbean, Pacific, and Atlantic-Indian Ocean-South China Sea (AIS) regions. The review draws on a mixture of grey literature (largely from international development agencies/NGOs), academic literature, and media reports. While the information on the legal situation of LGBT people in SIDS was readily available, there was far less evidence on approaches/programmes to promote LGBT rights/inclusion in these countries. However, the review did find a number of reports with recommendations for international development cooperation generally on LGBT issues. Denial of LGBT rights and discrimination against LGBT people is found to varying extents in all parts of the world. It is important that LGBT people have protection in law, in particular the right to have same-sex sexual relations; protection from discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation; and the right to gender identity/expression. Such rights are also provided for under international human rights conventions such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, while the Sustainable Development Goals are based on the principle of ‘leave no one behind'.
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Hossain, Mohammad, Mohammad Alzarrad, Kristy Wolfe, and Suruz Miah. Small-Cell Installation in Transportation Infrastructure—A Literature Review. Illinois Center for Transportation, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-004.

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Regenwetter, Michel. Testing Transitivity and Related Axioms of Preference for Individuals and Small Groups. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada586703.

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Turnley, Jessica G. Cross-Cultural Competence and Small Groups: Why SOF Are the Way SOF Are. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541961.

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Fiedler, Fred. The Contribution of Group Members' Cognitive Resources to the Effectiveness of Small Groups. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226005.

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Andrews, J. W., and M. P. Modera. Thermal distribution in small buildings: A review and analysis of recent literature. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6841395.

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Andrews, J. W., and M. P. Modera. Thermal distribution in small buildings: A review and analysis of recent literature. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116158.

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Schulz, Jan, Daniel Mayerhoffer, and Anna Gebhard. A Network-Based Explanation of Perceived Inequality. Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-49393.

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Across income groups and countries, the public perception of economic inequality and many other macroeconomic variables such as inflation or unemployment rates is spectacularly wrong. These misperceptions have far-reaching consequences, as it is perceived inequality, not actual inequality informing redistributive preferences. The prevalence of this phenomenon is independent of social class and welfare regime, which suggests the existence of a common mechanism behind public perceptions. We propose a network-based explanation of perceived inequality building on recent advances in random geometric graph theory. The literature has identified several stylised facts on how individual perceptions respond to actual inequality and how these biases vary systematically along the income distribution. Our generating mechanism can replicate all of them simultaneously. It also produces social networks that exhibit salient features of real-world networks; namely, they cannot be statistically distinguished from small-world networks, testifying to the robustness of our approach. Our results, therefore, suggest that homophilic segregation is a promising candidate to explain inequality perceptions with strong implications for theories of consumption behaviour.
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Pearson, Dean E. Small mammals of the Bitterroot National Forest: A literature review and annotated bibliography. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-25.

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