Journal articles: 'Small industrial towns'

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Dyer, Christopher. "Small places with large consequences: the importance of small towns in England, 1000–1540." Historical Research 75, no. 187 (February 1, 2002): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2281.00138.

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Abstract English small towns before industrialization deserve our attention because they provided homes and livings for large numbers of people–a tenth of the population by 1300. Small towns, even those with only a few hundred inhabitants, can be distinguished from various ‘town like’ settlements such as industrial and open villages. They can be regarded as fully urban, and shared many characteristics with larger towns. They played an important role in the commercial hierarchy, and brought trade to the ordinary producers and consumers of the countryside. Small towns influenced the economy and society of their neighbourhood, not least by providing a channel for migration and social advancement. As centres of entertainment and culture they diverted and even civilized those who lived in and around them. Small towns were important for those who lived at the time, but they are also significant for modern perceptions of the past. Historians, through studying them, are encouraged to revise their views of government, economic change and regional differences.

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Bole, David, Jani Kozina, and Jernej Tiran. "The variety of industrial towns in Slovenia: a typology of their economic performance." Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series 46, no. 46 (December 20, 2019): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0035.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to make a typology of industrial towns according to their economic performance and to establish place-specific local factors influencing the typology and their territorial distribution. We collected 15 indicators of economic performance for 23 small industrial towns in Slovenia, and with the method of Principle Component Analysis with k-means clustering made a typology of small industrial towns. The results show a great variety of small industrial towns, with many of them having a strong economic performance. In the discussion, we relate the findings to the overall transformation of industry in the post-socialist context, to re-industrialisation tendencies and to place-specific factors such as peripherality and specific historical events (polycentric policies). We conclude with the call to continue studying small industrial towns through the prism of opportunities and to address their weaknesses and maximise their place-specific strengths.

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Pipan, Tomaž. "Neo-industrialization models and industrial culture of small towns." GeoScape 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2018-0002.

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Abstract In the last 30 years the global supply chains and containerization transformed the world of production and stretched it across the globe. With the exodus of Process and Assembly (P&A) segment of industrial production from the developed countries, the “global north” not only lost the production capacity itself, but more importantly, the know-how in making that is a basis of industrial culture. The neoliberal attitudes in industrial production were the main force behind slow but persistent abandonment of the automotive industry in Detroit, or closing down of the coal and iron industry in the Ruhr region in Germany. Contemporary urban renewal strategies of industrial areas rely on injection of tourism based on design, popular art, cultural and leisure activities, like the Emscher Landschaftspark in Ruhr region, Germany. However, tourism-based redevelopment is economically questionable in small industrial towns. For such areas we need to envision alternative agencies that industrial past and industrial production can offer. One of the most underrated aspects of industrial production is the know-how imbedded in the P&A segment of industrial process. We argue for the industrial production know-how as a relevant part of the new innovation economy of small towns and of the local culture. This paper will trace the capacity of industrial production for culture-making by referring to production-innovation models described in regional geography. Firstly the paper identifies the P&A know-how worth reshoring. Secondly, it describes two models of neo-industrialization in order to thirdly identify a new hybrid type of a regional model and its culture.

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Hua, Qiu Yue. "On Planning and Construction of Industrial Parks in Small Cities and Towns - Taking the Planning of Liji Industrial Park in Xinzhou, Wuhan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.576.

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This paper, on the basis of analyzing development conditions, puts forward main factors that constitute the construction of industrial park such as construction thoughts, targets, function layout and guidelines for urban planning and finally presents implementation strategy, which promotes the construction of compound type and ecotype industrial parks with characteristics in small cities and towns and boosts the economic development in small cities and towns.

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Yukhnovskyi, Vasyl Yu, and Olga V. Zibtseva. "Eco-service potential of sustainable development of small towns." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 4 (December 22, 2019): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111974.

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The purpose of the study is to determine the ecosystem services potential and capacity for ecological stability of the five nearest small towns to Kyiv by comparative analysis of their territories by the number of ecosystem services provided per unit area and per capita. The researched towns have a similar history of development, but differ in area, number and density of population, industrial development and land use structure. The research is conducted on the basis of public indicators of the master plans of the small towns using the transfer method and relative values. The cost of ecosystem services in the territories of the small towns is calculated according to the categories of the land fund by agricultural land, forest and water. Ecosystem services per 1 ha of each land use category are adjusted for transfer coefficient into USD, taking into account the purchasing power parity factor for Ukraine. The cost of ecosystem services per capita and 1 ha of territory of each town is calculated for the current state of towns and for a 20-year perspective. It was established that the total cost of ecosystem services in Boyarka, Vyshgorod, Bucha and Irpin towns exceeded that of the ecosystem services of Vyshneve by 3.6, 5.8, 10.6 and 25.7 times respectively The cost of ecosystem services per capita in Irpin exceeds by 28.8 times the same indicator of Vyshneve, due to the small number of water bodies, forests and agricultural lands in the territory of the latter town, as well as due to its extremely high level of develop- ment. An analysis of the dynamics of the cost of ecosystem services per unit area of the small towns shows that the maximum cost of ecosystem services per 1 hectare of urban territory is borne by Vyshgorod and Irpin, and in the long run – the maximum will be increased by 2.9 and 3.0 times in Vyshgorod and Boyarka respectively. These dynamics are due to the expansion of the urban area. The results of the study indicate the need to adjust the master plans of urban development in terms of expanding the environmental component of Irpin and Bucha.

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Heder, Arkadiusz. "Exogenous and endogenous functions of mining towns of the Silesian voivodeship, Poland." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2015-0012.

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Abstract Towns are of particular interest to geography which examines them in various objective and theoretical aspects. The concept of function is associated with the role which a particular town plays in the area, and this function is the entirety of socio-economic activity carried out in the town. The concept of the economic base of towns, which is used in this paper, distinguishes two groups of town inhabitants, namely such whose work directly contributes to the development of the town, the so-called primary builders (exogenous), and secondary builders (endogenous) who support the first group. This article presents the results of the study of changes in the function of 30 towns in the Silesian voivodeship in which coal mining is still carried out or has ended (18 mining towns and 12 post-mining towns). These towns have different sizes: small ones (up to 20,000 inhabitants; n=6), medium (20 to 100 thousand inhabitants; n=15), and large (with population of over 100,000 inhabitants; n=9). The study was conducted with the use of the indirect measurement of economic base method based on the location ratio, but in a modified form - i.e. the employee surplus rate. The analysis of functional changes in the mining towns of the Silesian voivodeship was performed in five aspects, in relation to: 1) the opening of the economy indicator, with the use of data concerning employment in the exogenous and endogenous group; 2) the employee surplus rate, determining the functional type of towns according to the dominant PKD [Polish Classification of Business Activities] section on the basis of the exogenous group; 3) the structure of exogenous functions of towns; 4) change of the exogenous function of towns; 5) the employee surplus rate, determining the share of section C (mining) in the exogenous function of towns. The analysis showed that in the period of 1996-2009 there has been a change in the functional type, from industrial to service type, in 8 towns; however, mining is still the primary branch of business activity in 11 towns studied, especially in small ones. Today, many service-based towns specialise in trade (n=7), and a small group of towns specialises in non-market services (n=4), which shows that the process of changes in this respect is still ongoing and the towns studied cannot be regarded as towns having a substantial share of higher-order services.

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Bole, David, Jani Kozina, and Jernej Tiran. "The socioeconomic performance of small and mediumsized industrial towns: Slovenian perspectives." Moravian Geographical Reports 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2020-0002.

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AbstractThe socioeconomic performance of industrial small and medium-sized towns (SMSTs) in comparison to that of non-industrial SMSTs, is subject to evaluation in this paper, to see if the presence of industry has adverse effects on socioeconomic factors. We studied 32 variables accounting for dimensions of socioeconomic performance in Slovenian SMSTs and conducted various statistical tests. We found only minor differences between the two groups, pertaining mainly to some elements of economic structure and demography, and some mixed relations of industrial employment and socioeconomic performance. The results demonstrate that industrial SMSTs should not be labelled automatically as ‘disadvantaged’. We discuss why our results differ from general research expectations in the literature: in the local context, we outline the “egalitarian syndrome” and policies of polycentric spatial development; in the global context, we discuss the “failed tertiarisation effect” and the differences between post-socialist and “Western” countries. We conclude by proposing that research should be re-oriented towards the more place-sensitive issues of industrial towns across Europe.

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Li, Yuxing, Yu Shi, Hao Li, Xuefeng Gao, and Yeyang Zhu. "Research on Clean Heating Technology in Northern Urban China." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129201003.

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Currently, with the rapid development of small towns in China, residents’ heating demand has been increasing, which exposes the heating problems of the small towns. Especially in the heating season, the energy consumption of buildings accounting for a decent proportion and the increase in pollution emissions can seriously affect the lives of residents. To alleviate these problems and promote clean heating, it is necessary to investigate the resources situation of small towns and design targeted heating lines for load areas. Therefore, this article used data analysis, described the population, construction area and industrial structure of small towns in the northern region, summarized the current development trend of small towns in China. Besides, taking the small towns in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example, this paper tried to understand the heating problems of small towns, including low energy efficiency of thermal energy and poor thermal insulation of buildings. Based on the supply and demand side of small towns and the differences in the endowment characteristics in various regions, this paper also proposed different clean heating technology paths.

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LEE, JOHN S. "The functions and fortunes of English small towns at the close of the middle ages: evidence from John Leland's Itinerary." Urban History 37, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926810000040.

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ABSTRACT:The descriptions of small towns in John Leland's Itinerary provide valuable evidence about their economic functions and fortunes in a period often categorized as one of urban decline. Leland described markets, ports, industries, buildings and transport links. He identified examples of small towns expanding, through new commercial and industrial opportunities, notably cloth manufacture, as well as others in decline, and suggested that investment by entrepreneurs and benefactors had enabled some small towns to prosper. These experiences reflected both the particular functions of individual towns and their role in wider regional economies.

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Tyminski, Vladislav, and Anna Kamyshan. "Svetlovodsk: Realized Urban Utopia of the USSR. A Revitalization Strategy for the Small Post-Soviet Monocity." Designing Modern Life, no. 46 (2012): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/46.a.lzufcvt3.

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The article is devoted to one of the most pressing problems for the former Soviet Union - the problem of survival and development of the small mono–industry towns. The aim of this work is the actualization of the problem of survival and development of the small post–Soviet towns - the unique urban artifacts of the Soviet industrial utopia. Svetlovodsk that was created in the 60’s of the twentieth century during ‘Khrushchev’s Thaw’ gave the example for the analysis of the specificity of small towns in Ukraine. The strategy of the development of this type of towns has been described in the article.

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Barski, Jan, and Maciej Zathey. "Industrial heritage and post-industrial situation in the post-transformation era in Lower Silesia (Poland)." GeoScape 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2018-0003.

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Abstract This descriptive paper outlines the post-industrial setting and industrial heritage in both a concrete case – south-western Poland – and some general respects, with the aim of contributing to the available knowledge about the contemporary post-industrial areas in Central Eastern Europe. To produce such an outline and to offer such a contribution, the paper offers an overview of the changes that happened in Poland since the transformation of 1989/90 with the special focus put on the industrial sector in the small- and medium-sized towns in the south-western border region of Poland. Moreover, the paper describes how the political and economic changes have impacted industry in Poland immediately after the transformation, as well as how the evolution of the political and economic situation has been shaping the industrial sector along the years until today. Further, to solidify the broad background of post-industrial regions, the paper touches upon topics that are more specific and interconnected: location of industry, employment rate changes, regional development policies, local development inequalities, and vocational schooling system. The most specific descriptions in the paper focus on the industrial heritage in the towns and cities in the region of Lower Silesia. Apart from reviewing the industrial history of Poland and of the selected western regions, this paper looks into the future by commenting on the transition between the so-called 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 industry phases and discusses whether small- and medium-sized towns in the Polish border areas are able to become connected to the future industrial network.

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Guo, Na. "Study on the Construction Path of Characteristic Small Cities and Towns from the Perspective of Supply-side Reform——Taking Zushan Town as an Example." Journal of Finance Research 2, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/jfr.v2i2.793.

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Characteristic small cities and towns are the new vehicle for advancing new urbanization construction and supply-side reform. Zushan characteristic towns focus on tourism vacation, ecological livability, integration of production and cities, cultural heritage, poverty alleviation and other functions, and focus on building a new type of “product, city, and people” trinity, is a new benchmark for industrial transformation and upgrading. This article uses field surveys, interviews, and other methods to investigate the status quo of the construction of small towns with Zushan characteristics. Based on this, SWOT analysis of small towns is carried out, and the disadvantages and threats to its development are determined from the nature of towns and cities, infrastructure construction, and townships. Five suggestions were made for the construction of capital, the cultivation of special industries, and the determination of the main body of urban construction.

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CERCLEUX, ANDREEA-LORETA, FLORENTINA-CRISTINA MERCIU, ELENA BOGAN, and GEORGE-LAURENȚIU MERCIU. "Demographic Transformations after 1990 in Romanian Small and Medium-sized Industrial Towns." Analele Universitatii Bucuresti: Geografie/Annals of the University of Bucharest – Geography Series 68, no. 1 (November 1, 2019): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5719/aub-g/68.1/10.

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Laki, Ildikó. "Location of Industry in Small Settlements in the light of Industrial Towns." Belvedere Meridionale 31, no. 4 (2019): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2019.4.14.

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Location of industry is already following Western European trends in the 21st century, and priority is given to social factors, e.g. educational attainment, social mobility and cheap labour, in decisions on setting up new industrial establishments and on developing investments. Firms, due to globalisation, prefer moving to sites that ensure greater profits, the focus is thus on profit. Geographical location, mineral resources, water supply, the state and quality of the environment, and the climate are the main natural factors relating to location of industry. The size and qualifications of labour force, national legal system, political stability, infrastructure and local tradition are the main social factors relating to location of industry. Thinking about the nature of our settlements in this respect, it is considered that although villages and towns can be based on common principles, they them- selves develop and create their characters and values.

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Pryadko, Igor. "Development of small Russian towns in the 19th–21st centuries: socioeconomic factors." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819301019.

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This research is focused on small Russian towns and the socioeconomic aspects of their development in the 19th through 21st centuries. Several towns, including Mytischi, Yuzovka, Naro-Fominsk, Myshkin, etc., serve as examples employed to assess the practice of founding townships, to analyze the economic, social, cultural, and political conditions of their functioning, and to make projections for their future development. The methods, employed by this research project, consist in the look-back analysis of sources and the analysis of statistics, including the relevant urban demography. The main conclusion, made by the author, is the need for the revival of small Russian towns in the post-industrial era through their assumption of supplementary administrative functions against the background of continuing de-industrialization and the shutdown of the township-forming production facilities. The author believes that the conversion of small towns into tourist resort areas is a debatable practice. The author addresses this issue in the Discussion section of the article. He offers his pros and cons in respect of these actions. The academic novelty of the article consists in the provision of the novel data concerning the development of small towns as the urban districts of major megalopolises.

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LACKOVÁ, Andrea, and Lívia ŠIŠLÁKOVÁ. "TRANSFORMATION OF SMALL SLOVAK TOWNS IN THE ERA OF SOCIALISM EXAMPLE OF BÁNOVCE NAD BEBRAVOU / NEDIDELIŲ SLOVAKIJOS MIESTŲ KAITA SOCIALISTINIU LAIKOTARPIU BANOVCE NAD BEBRAVOU PAVYZDŽIU." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 10 (May 11, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2018.1484.

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Several decades of socialism had their effect on urbanism and architecture of towns. These processes can be found in several post-socialist countries. One of the examples in Slovakia is the town of Bánovce nad Bebravou. Until the end of the 19th century the town was not economically important. During the time of socialism the city underwent significant architectural and urban changes due to large industrial development. The definitive image of the historic core changed according to the principles of modern urbanism. Nowadays with the compact city policies, it is important to find the balance between the traditional compact urban form and the modern urban form. The contribution deals with mapping and the process of former urban changes. The aim is to find locations for the transformation and refurbishment of the town’s historic core, in order to its preserved cultural and historical values, while fulfilling the requirement for an ecological and sustainable city.

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Razin, E. "The Role of Ownership Characteristics in the Industrial Development of Israel's Peripheral Towns." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 20, no. 9 (September 1988): 1235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a201235.

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A framework for studying the ownership structure of industry in Israel's development towns is outlined, putting special emphasis on defining factors influencing entrepreneurship among residents of these towns, and relating these factors to theories of entrepreneurship in space, and to those of entrepreneurship among immigrant groups. Factors affecting external ownership of single-plant firms and location decisions of multiplant firms are considered in light of theories of industrial organization. Firms of different types are shown to react differently to the incentives of the Israeli spatial economic policy. Thus, whereas residents of the development towns benefit little from these capital incentives, nonlocally owned single-plant firms are most attracted by them. However, externally owned small single-plant firms have been shown to suffer from the greatest instability and to form very few local linkages. Another policy failure was the inability to attract government-owned military industries to the development towns.

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Shirtcliff, Benjamin, Rosie Manzo, and Rachel Scudder. "Crosscutting environmental risk with design: A multi-site, multi-city socioecological approach for Iowa’s diversifying small towns." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 23, 2021): e0252127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252127.

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Globally, the influx of refugee, migrant, and immigrant populations into small centers of industrialized agriculture has called attention to a looming public health crisis. As small towns shift from remote villages into rural, agri-industrial centers, they offer limited access to amenities needed to support human well-being. Our study focused on three Iowa towns that continue to experience an increase in under-represented minority populations and decline of majority populations as a proxy for studying shifting populations in an era of industrialized agriculture and global capital. We aimed to understand the socioecological impact of built environments—outdoor locations where people live and work—and likelihood of environmental exposures to impact vulnerable populations. Urban socioecological measures tend to present contradictory results in small towns due to their reliance on density and proximity. To compensate, we used post-occupancy evaluations (POE) to examine built environments for evidence of access to environmental design criteria to support healthy behaviors. The study systematically identified 44 locations on transects across three small towns to employ a 62 item POE and assess multiple environmental criteria to crosscut design with environmental health disparities. Principal-components factor analysis identified two distinct significant components for environmental risk and population vulnerability, supporting similar studies on parallel communities. Multilevel modeling found a divergence between supportive environmental design coupled with an increase environmental risk due to location. The combined effect likely contributes to environmental health disparities. The study provides a strategy for auditing small town built environments as well as insight into achieving equity.

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Dedaj, Xhilda, and Sonila Papathimiu. "Environment Impact of Ex-Industrial Areas in Laç and Rubik and the Possibilities for Their Functional Transformation- a Comparative Analysis." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 9, no. 1 (October 6, 2017): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v9i1.p184-193.

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Industrial areas in Albania have had an important role for many years during the communist regime, but their industrial function declined after the 1990s. This study focuses on the industrial areas of Laç and Rubik, two small towns in Albania. The closing of some industrial activities in these towns has increased environmental pollution and health issues of their inhabitants due to the release of toxic substances in the territory. There were chosen these two towns to compare because: First, they are near each other and are part of the same District of Lezha; Second, they both are two ex-industrial towns which were created by the establishment of the industry, former Chemical and Metallurgical Combine in Laç and former Copper Plant in Rubik; third, in both towns the industry has caused environmental pollution in their vicinity, but mostly on the waters of Mat river; fourth, after the year 1990, when the industry that created them has stopped functioning, they have good possibilities to develop religious tourism. In both towns are two important and much-visited churches: the Church of St. Ndout, Laç and the Church of Shelbuemi in Rubik. Another reason is the lack of studies for the ex-industrial areas in Albania, especially for Laç and Rubik. The main aim of this study is to identify and assess the levels of pollution caused by ex-industrial building (actually not functioning) on land, air, water, and human health and to find the best way for their effective reuse and functional transformation.

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Lazzeroni, Michela. "Industrial Decline and Resilience in Small Towns: Evidence From Three European Case Studies." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 111, no. 2 (May 28, 2019): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12368.

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ANTHONY, ROBERT. "‘A very thriving place’: the peopling of Swansea in the eighteenth century." Urban History 32, no. 1 (May 2005): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926805002701.

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In this article, the town of Swansea is suggested as an exemplar of pre-nineteenth-century Welsh industrial and urban development. Small in comparison with English towns, Swansea in 1801 had nevertheless risen up the Welsh urban rank-order to stand second only, in terms of population, to the industrial boomtown Merthyr Tydfil. Contemporary descriptions of Swansea as ‘Copperopolis’, ‘the Metropolis of Wales’, ‘the Mecca of Nonconformity’ and ‘the Brighton [or Naples] of Wales’ reflect the range of its functions at this time, and the high regard in which the town was held, both by its inhabitants and by visitors. Such a town inevitably attracted settlers and this article also examines eighteenth-century population change, the scale of immigration and the provenance of the settlers, and attempts to link the influx with the physical development of the town.

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Shafigullina, Anna, Anastasiia Beloborodova, Roman Palyakin, Olga Martynova, and Renat Ahmetshin. "Marketing aspects of sustainable urban development in small towns of the Republic of Tatarstan." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 10022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127410022.

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The article describes the concept of sustainable development and forms the criteria for sustainable development of the territory. The sustainability of the territory development should be considered from various angles, including industrial and agricultural development, the level of environmental friendliness, intersectoral and interdimensional interaction, creating the attractiveness of territories. The solution to the problems of territories attractiveness is to be found in the field of territorial marketing. The city as the pinnacle of territorial marketing requires a detailed analysis of the current state and the development of a strategy for further development. The scientific work describes an algorithm for the formation of marketing strategies for urban development. The research provides analysis of small towns development in the Republic of Tatarstan: Almetyevsk, Bolgar, Nizhnekamsk. Developing marketing strategies designed to enhance the attractiveness of small towns are identified as one of the backgrounds for creating comfortable conditions for residents and attracting tourists and professionals to improve the efficiency of the towns' resources. At the same time, it is of vital importance to analyze the internal components of the towns, pull factors for residents and tourists to form the most appropriate marketing strategy for urban development. Small towns, in contrast to megacities, have great creative and cultural potential, which allows them to find new points of attraction on their territory and strengthen the existing tourist and infrastructure facilities.

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Hong, Guang Rong, and Bi Feng Chen. "Researching on New Urbanization in County Regions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.644.

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There are many problems in the urbanization of county regions such as towns on small-scale, urbanization of low level, lagging service facilities, weak development support, not strong county center, insufficient attractive force of towns, central villages not yet formed. Some specific methods and measures are proposed on construction of new urbanization in county regions, for example, exerting local advantages of resources and environment, strengthening the center, constructing professional towns and villages of characteristic, building towns and economic development zone, making innovative mechanisms, coordinating towns and villages, realizing informatization of every industry, sharing public services, establishing various professional cooperative organizations, industrial parks and production bases, strengthening trade and logistics links outside the region, improving the ecological environment, perfecting the land transfer market between towns and villages, which are specifically described with an example of Dawu county.

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Guzhavina, Tatiana А. "Digitalization for Sustainable Development of Small Towns in Russia." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n1p401.

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Digitalization has become a significant trend in the development of modern humanity. The pandemic has accelerated the digitalization of most countries. They contribute to the development of new practices, open up new opportunities for communication. They also require certain skills and competencies, education. But digital environment affects people in different ways. It creates new problems and restrictions, increases risks, including increasing social inequalities. It can expand access to information, include a person in the global space, but it can also limit the world to the diagonal of a digital device. It is important to understand how the population is ready for these changes, what real opportunities it has. The digital environment is emerging in modern cities, where inclusion in it is faster. Ahead are megacities, industrial and administrative centers. But almost two thirds of the cities are small towns, where one fourth of the population of Russia lives. What are the opportunities for digitalization for the population of small towns, what are the restrictions for residents to be included in the digital space. The purpose of our study is to assess the state of digital competence of the population of small towns in the Russian Federation on the basis of their self-assessment of their readiness to function in a digital environment. The empirical basis of the study was the results of a survey conducted among the urban population of the Vologda region on a representative sample with quotas by gender and age. The study showed that there are problems in the development of the necessary competencies by residents of small towns to use the digital space.

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Ru, Lei, and Jing Duan. "A Brief Analysis of Small Towns’ Sports Industrial Development Strategy Based on Maximum Model." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 13, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 10020–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2016.6202.

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Kantor-Pietraga, Iwona, Aleksandra Zdyrko, and Jakub Bednarczyk. "Semi-Natural Areas on Post-Mining Brownfields as an Opportunity to Strengthen the Attractiveness of a Small Town. An Example of Radzionków in Southern Poland." Land 10, no. 7 (July 19, 2021): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10070761.

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The socio-economic and political changes of the end of the 20th century in Central and Eastern Europe had significant impacts on the transformation of urban spaces, especially in industrial and mining towns. The article attempts to explain the essence of these changes concerning the spatial development of—a small post-mining town in southern Poland. This article evaluates urban development policy in response to the significant land-use changes in the small post-mining city of Radzionków, with particular attention to the transformation of brownfield sites to semi-natural areas of regional importance. This issue is interesting for two reasons. First, this small city, located in a large European agglomeration, has to face competition focused on interesting regional projects. Second, there is a desire for reindustrialization as a remedy for job losses in mining and heavy industry. The successful establishment of a large botanical garden in this city provides a case study for discussing the future of small post-industrial cities and the development of land use policy regarding valuable natural areas located in post-industrial and post-mining areas. This study also indicates the vital role of the creative management factor.

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Odeyinka, S. M., O. O. Ogunyebi, and O. J. Oyedele. "Peri-Urban Small Ruminant Feeding in Ekiti State." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v36i1.1057.

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This study appraised the socio-economic strata of small ruminant keepers in Ekiti State with emphasis on the feedstuffs fed to the animals. The following towns: Ado Ekiti, Ikole Ekiti, Itapa Ekiti, Ode Ekiti, Omuo Ekiti, Aramoko Ekiti, ljero Ekiti and Igbara Odo which represented the four geographical zones of Ekiti State were selected for this study. Ninety structured questionnaires were administered to small ruminant keepers in the towns at 10 per town. Data were collected on the socio-economic strata of the respondents with emphasis on the feedstuffs fed the animals. A proximate analysis was also carried out on some of the feedstuffs to determine their nutritive value. Descriptive statistical tools were used to interprete the data. About 78% of the respondents kept goats alone, 2% sheep alone while 20% kept a mixed stock of sheep and goat. About 54.4% of the respo initial stock from the local market, 28.9% had theirs as gifts and the rest from contractual agreement and government farms. The largest percentage (38.95) of the respondents had tertiary education, The predominant mode of production was the extensive system and the average flock size was 6 per household. The predominant feedstuffs fed to the animals were the household wastes and agro industrial by-products such as peels of cassava, yam, plantain and other by products of cassava processing. Proximate analysis showed that the predominant feedstuffs cannot satisfy the energy, protein and mineral requirements of the animals, hence the need for a supplementation with other feedstuffs such as Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala which are readily available in the study area.

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Wang, Shu Min, and Hui Yu. "Distribution and Bioavailability of Nitrogen Species in Street Dust from Small Towns in Yongchuan, Chongqing." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1539.

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Most studies about urban street dust have been focused on big cities so far and less attention has been focused on small towns. In this paper, we collected 12 samples from four different localities (Commercial Area, Industrial Area, Shuangzhu Street, Xuefu Road) in small towns of Yongchuan District, Chongqing to investigate the concentration distribution and composition of nitrogen in street dust. The results revealed that dust samples from Commercial Area contain higher concentration of total nitrogen (TN) (e.g., 1672mg/kg) comparing with dust samples from other three sites (e.g., 196-682mg/kg). In addition, inorganic nitrogen was the predominant form in every site and accounted for 67%-89% of TN. Organic carbon (OC) and pH also had an effect on concentration and composition of TN.

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Abdurakhimov, Yuriy. "STRATEGY OF RECOVERY GROWTH AND POSTCRISIS DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL INDUSTRIAL TOWNS OF THE SOUTHERN URALS." Socium i vlast, no. 6 (2017): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2017-6-73-84.

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Stobart, Jon. "An eighteenth-century revolution? Investigating urban growth in north-west England, 1664–1801." Urban History 23, no. 1 (May 1996): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800011664.

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The briefest inspection of the English urban hierarchy during the long eighteenth century reveals this as a period of immense change. However, regional analysis of the temporal and spatial patterns of these pre-census developments relies on using a variety of non-demographic sources to produce a series of urban demographic ‘snap-shots’ of the urban population. Employing this ‘demographic photography’ in early modern northwest England allows detailed investigation of the dynamics of the entire urban system. This reveals the deep roots of urban development in the region and points to an eighteenth-century urban revolution. Towns grew faster than the overall population, but this growth was unevenly distributed; both large and small towns exhibited strong and weak growth, making changes in the urban hierarchy inevitable and far-reaching. The most notable trend was the changing geography of the system: Cheshire towns grew far less rapidly than their increasingly industrial neighbours in Lancashire and the urban locus underwent a definite shift northwards. The fact that the urban patterns of growth appear to have preceded the period of maximum industrial growth by some forty to fifty years forces us to rethink the relationship between industrial and urban development.

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Zubareva, Lyubov Vitalyevna, Alsu Vinirovna Kuramshina, and Egor Vladimirovich Zavedeev. "Small and medium-sized businesses in towns of commodity regions as source of diversification and modernization of their economy." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 31 (August 7, 2020): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.31.07.2.

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The article presents the results of the analysis of economic indicators of economic entities of the regions with raw materials specialization, from the perspective of the goals and capabilities of medium and small-sized businesses. In modern conditions, due to the achievements of scientific and technological progress, the goals of the activity, and the potential of small and medium-sized businesses, the authors identify and analyze possible directions of diversification and modernization of the economy of these regions. The towns of commodity regions are located mainly in areas of adverse environmental conditions away from large industrial and cultural centers and in many cases depend on the performance of one or two large town-forming companies. Thus, the prospects of maintaining the attractiveness of doing business for small and medium enterprises in the towns of these regions as well as the attractiveness of these towns for the population were revealed and analyzed. As measures to maintain this attractiveness, the authors consider the possibility of diversifying and modernizing the economy of such towns by supporting the activities and development of small and medium enterprises, as well as implementing measures aimed at introducing the technologies of the “Smart City” concept. It is assumed that to diversify and modernize the economy of the commodity regions, it is necessary to create conditions for the revitalization of many areas of activity. In particular, it can be achieved through the implementation of “Smart City” projects in these regions. This should stimulate the process of activating the most technologically advanced and innovative areas of activity and have a positive impact on the development of small and medium-sized businesses involved in these areas. In turn, the stable and efficient functioning of such enterprises is one of the most significant tools for such transformations and can speed and intensify the efficiency of the implementation of these processes. At the same time, the use of “smart” technologies for making “smart” decisions, in the process of modernizing the urban economy included, will increase both the efficiency of functioning of small and medium-sized enterprises, and the mechanisms for supporting their activities and development.

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Markova Evelina. "ACTIVATION OF STRUCTURAL PROCESSES OF SMALL TOWN ECONOMY IN CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION." International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, no. 3(30) (June 30, 2020): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30062020/7143.

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The article is devoted to the study of structural changes in the economy of local urban economic systems of Transcarpathian region in the conditions of deepening of market transformation processes. The main attention is paid to the analysis of structural processes in industrial production and services as priority spheres of management in small towns and urban settlements. The intensity of structural shifts in terms of economic activities is analyzed. An analysis of the dynamics of structural shifts during the analyzed period showed that the most dynamically structural processes occurred in industry, in particular at city-forming industrial enterprises. The activity of small businesses, which today constitute the economic basis of urban settlements, and their impact on urban employment are analyzed.

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Wang, Shu Min, Qi Hong Zhu, Bin Zhang, and Xiang Gao. "Concentration Distribution and Composition of Phosphorus in Street Dust from Small Towns in Yongchuan, Chongqing." Advanced Materials Research 689 (May 2013): 556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.689.556.

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Most studies about urban street dust have been focused on big cities so far and less attention has been focused on small towns. In this paper, we collected 12 samples from four different localities (Commercial Area, Industrial Area, Shuangzhu Street, Xuefu Road) in small towns of Yongchuan District, Chongqing to investigate the concentration distribution and composition of phosphorus in street dust. The results reveal that dust samples from Commercial Area contain higher concentration of total phosphorus (TP) (e.g., 785mg/kg) comparing with dust samples from other three sites (e.g., 310-400mg/kg). The research also indicates that the size fraction plays an important role in the concentration distribution of TP. The smaller size fraction corresponds to higher TP concentration. In addition, Ca-P is the predominant form in every site and accounts for 66%-89% of TP. Organic carbon (OC) and pH also have an effect on concentration and composition of TP.

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Iudina, Natalia. "Localization as a paradigm of urban development." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126305025.

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Today globalisation appears to evoke a set of problems, including spatial inequality and the necessity arises to elaborate an alternative paradigm. There are already known plenty of location theories, among which industrial regions or clusters appeal to local relations rather than global economic system. Being a perspective model of urban development, it is still hardly embodied in urban planning to solve regional problems efficiently. The article intends to contribute to the theory of clusters and adapt it to socio-economic principles which identify the existence of towns. The case of small towns and settlements illustrates how local potentials can be used for sustainable urban development.

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Hong, Guang Rong, and Bi Feng Chen. "Research on New Urbanization in Medium-Sized Cities." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2437.

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Many problems exist in the urbanization of medium-sized cities, such as, low functional strength, uncoordinated industries, not strong economic support, weak carrying capacity and radiation force, small urban scale, not close contact with big cities and small cities, towns. The aim of new urbanization should be to achieve healthy development of urbanization. Some specific methods and measures are proposed on construction of new urbanization in medium-sized cities, such as, cumulative and circulating development of industry and agriculture, coordinating urban and rural areas, optimizing the allocation of resources by the institutional innovation and the layout of urban system, strengthening public services in urban and rural areas, setting circulating and replacement system of urban and rural land, improving methods of the performance appraisal, constructing new professional towns of characteristic and various types of agricultural industrial parks, which are specifically described with an example of Xiaogan.

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Gaggio, Dario. "Pyramids of Trust: Social Embeddedness and Political Culture in Two Italian Gold Jewelry Districts." Enterprise & Society 7, no. 1 (March 2006): 19–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700003748.

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This article demonstrates the usefulness of the notion of embeddedness to the historical study of Italian industrial districts of small firms and of local economic change more generally. The development of gold jewelry production in two Italian towns, Valenza Po and Arezzo, shows that vertical disintegration was enabled by the creation of networks of heterogeneous social relations. In both towns, social and political ties led to the creation of institutions of collective governance, which in turn produced a workable level of trust between economic actors. The production of trust, however, never ceased to be a contentious process, endowed with multiple and often contradictory meanings embedded in specific networks and contexts, ranging from collective projects of modernization in Valenza Po to the cementing of a secretive informal economy in Arezzo. The embeddedness approach to economic action is superior both to the communitarian arguments of much of the literature on the Italian industrial districts and to transaction-cost theories, which tend to view institutions in instrumental and functionalist ways.

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Basova, O. M., M. O. Basov, and N. I. Isayev. "The assessment of environmental health risk factors of the incidence of oncological diseases in small industrial towns." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (March 2013): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2013.3.04.

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Basova, O. M., M. O. Basov, and N. I. Isayev. "The assessment of environmental health risk factors of the incidence of oncological diseases in small industrial towns." Health Risk Analysis, no. 3 (March 2013): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2013.3.04.eng.

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Méndez Vega, M. ª. Gloria. "Expansión escolar privada e industrialización en España (1955-75). El caso de Miranda de Ebro." Educatio Siglo XXI 36, no. 3 Noviembr (November 20, 2018): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/j/349981.

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En el presente artículo se relaciona el crecimiento industrial desarrollado en España a partir de la llegada de los gobiernos tecnocráticos, en los últimos tres lustros del franquismo, con la explosión escolar, que se acusó de una manera especial en aquellas ciudades convertidas en polos industriales, el consiguiente déficit de puestos escolares en esta época y la respuesta privada a esta situación. Como paradigma, se estudia el incesante incremento de la demanda de estos puestos en una ciudad en expansión industrial, Miranda de Ebro (Burgos), y cómo esta demanda fue aprovechada por la iniciativa privada para plantear su oferta particular, en forma de grandes colegios de entidades religiosas ode pequeñas escuelas regentadas por particulares. This article connects the industrial development in Spain since the coming of the technocratic governments, during the last fifteen years of the Franco regime, with the boom of schooling, especially remarkable in new industrial towns, the consequent shortage of school vacancies during that time and the answer of the private school sector to the new situation. As a paradigm, this article studies the incessant increase of the demand of these vacancies in an industrial town, Miranda de Ebro (Burgos), and how this demand led private schools to start big religious schools or small secular schools.

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HULME, TOM. "‘A nation of town criers’: civic publicity and historical pageantry in inter-war Britain." Urban History 44, no. 2 (February 24, 2016): 270–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926816000262.

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ABSTRACTHistorical pageantry emerged in 1905 as the brainchild of the theatrical impresario Louis Napoleon Parker. Large casts of volunteers re-enacted successive scenes of local history, as crowds of thousands watched on, in large outdoor arenas. As the press put it, Britain had caught ‘pageant fever’. Towards the end of the 1920s, there was another outburst of historical pageantry. Yet, in contrast to the Edwardian period, when pageants took place in small towns, this revival was particularly vibrant in large industrial towns and cities. This article traces the popularity of urban pageantry to an inter-war ‘civic publicity’ movement. In doing so, it reassesses questions of local cultural decline; the role of local government; and the relationship of civic responsibility to popular theatre.

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41

LaCroix, April. "Making Small Towns Economically Competitive and Environmentally Sustainable in the 21st Century: A Case for Eco-Industrial Parks." International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic, and Social Sustainability: Annual Review 1, no. 5 (2006): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1832-2077/cgp/v01i05/54182.

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Gelfond, Anna L., and Alexandra V. Lisitsyna. "A Trade Street of a Small Town as a Public Space(by the Example of Nizhny Novgorod Region)." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2018-1-17-27.

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Located round Nizhny Novgorod one of thelarge commercial and industrial centres of the Povolzhie (the Volga region), these towns possess their own regional specific character determined by the historically developed trade and craft traditions. The location of the main trade street in the town generallayout its relation to the transportation scheme, its planning, housing, architectural dominants, transformations and losses, today's state are studied for each town. Various types of trade streets built in thelate XVIII - early XX centuries are shown: a street-corridor with straight tracing and continuous masonry housing (Gostinny Ryad street in Arzamas), a street with direct tracing and dispersed masonry and masonry-wooden housing (Bolshaya Sovetskaya street in lyskovo), a street with curved picturesque tracing and continuous masonry housing (Nizhegorodskaya street in Pavlovo), space formed by three streets with a multiraw arrangement of continuous masonry buildings (Gorky street Bolshoy Kirovskiy sezd Kooperativny sezd in Gorodets). Two types of today's existence of historically formed trade streets of a smalltown are revealed i.e. an active use (Arzamas, Pavlovo) and stagnation (Lyskovo, Gorodets).Main problems of trade streets' modern use and conditions under which these streets may become valuable public spaces in contemporary understanding of this meaning are identified based on studying historical-culturat natural-ecologicat social-economic, architectural and town-planning criteria of assessment of trade streets' viability in modern conditions and ascertaining potential of their development related to the high historical-cultural value of such complexes.

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Shen, Liyin, Yitian Ren, Ning Xiong, Heng Li, and Yang Chen. "Why small towns can not share the benefits of urbanization in China?" Journal of Cleaner Production 174 (February 2018): 728–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.150.

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Pan, Huiyun, Xinwei Lu, and Kai Lei. "Contamination Identification of Trace Metals in Roadway Dust of a Typical Mountainous County in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China, and its Relationships with Socio-Economic Factors." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 5624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145624.

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Trace metal contamination in urban road dust has attracted global concern due to its potential risk to the urban environment and human health. Compared to big cities, relative studies in counties and small towns have not been well quantified. This research identified the trace metal contamination characteristics and possible sources in the road dust of a typical mountainous county and a town in the Three Gorges Reservoir region, southwest China, and their associations with major regional socio-economic factors. The trace metal concentrations were determined, and the contamination levels were assessed. Concentrations of Zn, Pb, and Cu were relatively high in both locations, and a significant accumulation of them was confirmed by the geo-accumulation method. Multivariate analysis and geographic information system (GIS) mapping were combined to explore the sources of trace metals in the investigated area. Anthropogenic activities predominantly affected the contamination levels of Zn, Pb, Cu, and Co, and traffic emission, agricultural activities, and fossil fuel combustion were their main sources. The significant accumulation of Zn should attract special concern for its wide use in industrial and agricultural activities. Population and vehicle density were the main factors that controlled the trace metal contamination levels in the roadway dust. Rapid urbanizing promoted trace metal accumulation in counties and towns. Therefore, it is urgent to make appropriate strategies for trace metal pollution mitigation in the process of urbanization.

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Bystrova, Tatiana, Viola Larionova, and Maria Pevnaya. "Actualisation of historic and cultural heritage as a resource for socio-cultural transformation of small and medium industrial towns." International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies 1, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijepee.2021.10040189.

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Zhi, Jian Ren. "Study on the Traditional Style and Protection of the Historical Street in Dingzhou City." World Construction 6, no. 1 (May 2, 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/wc.v6i1.91.

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The level of urbanization is not high in the small towns and economic development is still the primary goal of such cities. The primary industry and the secondary industry are the main pillars of the industrial structure. The historical and cultural protection and utilization have not been taken seriously. China has thousands of years of splendid history of civilization, while traces of historical accumulation can be easily found in every city. The different characteristics of the historical styles can be seen in many small towns and in tier four and five cities. Dingzhou is located in the middle of Hebei Province with heritage of Zhongshan culture. Dingzhou has rebuilt many times as a capital and set as state government in many generations and dynasties. History of the river in Dingzhou ancient city has played an important role. The structure of the Dingzhou ancient street plays a main function where all the other main cities. Development of Dingzhou City should be taken seriously as the focus of the development of urban culture. This article mainly analyzes and discusses the related aspects of the traditional style protection of the historical streets of the central city of Dingzhou.

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Ryabova, Oksana. "ROLE OF TOWN-FORMING ENTERPRISES IN THE FORMATION OF THE POLITICAL FIELD IN SMALL INDUSTRIAL TOWNS (A CASE STUDY OF THE PERM AND KIROV REGIONS)." Вестник Пермского университета. Политология 13, no. 4 (2019): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2019-4-103-111.

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Bolshanina, Taisya S., and Olga G. Litvinova. "INTEGRATED NOISE CONTROL SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT IN MEDIUM AND SMALL TOWNS IN SIBERIA." Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education, no. 4(72) (December 28, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47055/1990-4126-2020-4(72)-4.

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The study is devoted to improving the quality of life in Siberian medium and small settlements through a range of noise control solutions. Field studies carried out in 2019 and 2020 revealed a problem of noise pollution in these settlements caused by highways cutting through their planning structure and industrial facilities set up in the immediate vicinity of residential buildings. Modern methods of protecting residential buildings against noise were considered and the noise control experiences of historical settlements were reviewed. The consideration of available engineering solutions along with cultural heritage restoration and reconstruction technologies suggested a range of actions to protect residential buildings located in the immediate vicinity of highways against noise.

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Dida, Nagasa, Jiregna Darega, Feyisa Lemesa, Jeylan Kassim, and Bedasa Woldemichael. "Occupational Injury and Its Correlated Factors among Small-Scale Industry Workers in Towns of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2019 (December 27, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4987974.

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Introduction. In developing countries, the laborer forces have managed many of the industrial works. As a result, the process of the work has put the health and lives of workers at risk. Thus, this study was designed to assess occupational injury and its correlated factors among small-scale industry workers in the towns of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed among five hundred ninety small-scale industries in towns of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia, in March to April 2016. Multistage sampling was applied to recruit the study subjects. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. A structured questionnaire addressing the objectives of the study was used. EpiData was used for data entry, and the data were exported to SPSS windows version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency and percentage were used for the prevalence, whereas binary and multiple logistic regressions were employed to identify the predictors of the outcome variable. Results. A total of 574 workers from different small-scale industries, including woodwork, metalwork, and concrete block construction, participated in the study with a response rate of 97.3%. In this study, among the total participants of the study, 43.2% (248), 30% (172), and 21.6% (124) of them had encountered lifetime, last one year, and six months occupational injury, respectively. Taking health and safety training, presence of any things on the floor that can cause accidents and occupational risk perception were independent predictors of occupational injury. The presence of any things on the floor that can cause accidents and having a low-risk perception increases occupational injury by 12.69 [AOR: 12.69, (1.67–96.13)] and 2.84 [AOR: 2.84, (1.80–4.49)], respectively. Conclusion. About one in three occupational injuries occurred among small-scale industry workers. Health and safety training should be provided for every worker in small-scale industries. Supportive supervision focusing awareness creation, economic stability, and health care from health office, social and labor affair office, and other concerned body is highly recommended. District or town health office should address the identified factors to promote the health of the workers.

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Lechunova, O. A. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES IN WEST SIBERIA (THE NOVOSIBIRSK CASE STUDIES)." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 21, no. 5 (October 29, 2019): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-5-85-98.

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The article discusses the development of small cities in various natural and geographic conditions of West Siberia in the 18–20th centuriesThe aim of this work is to identify the specific development of the main cities in the Novosibirsk region. The historical and analytical approaches are utilized in this study.The natural conditions and their influence on the territory development and the formation of the economic and geographical position of small towns are considered.Three main groups of cities are identified: 1) the earliest settlements of Kuybyshev, Toguchin, 2) stations of the transport routes Barabinsk, Tatarsk and Karasuk, 3) Berdsk and Iskitim, which rapidly grow, and the development of the production base due to industrial enterprises evacuated during the Great World War II from the European part of the country. On the basis of archival documents, a comprehensive analysis is conducted for city plans of the 20th century and the types of their planning structure.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Small industrial towns'

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