Academic literature on the topic 'Small Organic Molecules'

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Journal articles on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

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Stouten, Pieter F. W., and Bouke P. Van Eijck. "Molecular Dynamics Simulations of some Small Organic Molecules." Molecular Simulation 4, no. 4 (December 1989): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927028908022363.

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Tian, Xue, Lloyd C. Murfin, Luling Wu, Simon E. Lewis, and Tony D. James. "Fluorescent small organic probes for biosensing." Chemical Science 12, no. 10 (2021): 3406–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc06928k.

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Small-molecule based fluorescent probes are increasingly important for the detection and imaging of biological signaling molecules due to their simplicity, high selectivity and sensitivity, whilst being non-invasive, and suitable for real-time analysis of living systems.
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He, Yuanyuan, Qiaoqiao Wei, Ning An, Congcong Meng, and Zhongai Hu. "Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 7692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227692.

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Organic small molecules with electrochemically active and reversible redox groups are excellent candidates for energy storage systems due to their abundant natural origin and design flexibility. However, their practical application is generally limited by inherent electrical insulating properties and high solubility. To achieve both high energy density and power density, organic small molecules are usually immobilized on the surface of a carbon substrate with a high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity through non-covalent interactions or chemical bonds. The resulting composite materials are called organic small-molecule electrodes (OMEs). The redox reaction of OMEs occurs near the surface with fast kinetic and higher utilization compared to storing charge through diffusion-limited Faraday reactions. In the past decade, our research group has developed a large number of novel OMEs with different connections or molecular skeletons. This paper introduces the latest development of OMEs for efficient energy storage. Furthermore, we focus on the design motivation, structural advantages, charge storage mechanism, and various electrode parameters of OMEs. With small organic molecules as the active center, OMEs can significantly improve the energy density at low molecular weight through proton-coupled electron transfer, which is not limited by lattice size. Finally, we outline possible trends in the rational design of OMEs toward high-performance supercapacitors.
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Echigo, Tadahiro, Shigeki Naka, Hiroyuki Okada, and Hiroyoshi Onnagawa. "Sprayed Organic Electrophosphorescent Devices with Small Organic Molecules." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 44, no. 1B (January 24, 2005): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.44.626.

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Xiao Lixin, 肖立新, 胡双元 Hu Shuangyuan, 孔胜 Kong Sheng, 亓博远 Qi Boyuan, 张明骁 Zhang Mingxiao, 陈志坚 Chen Zhijian, 曲波 Qu Bo, and 龚旗煌 Gong Qihuang. "Small Organic Molecules for Blue Electroluminescence." Acta Optica Sinica 30, no. 7 (2010): 1895–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20103007.1895.

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Achar, Tapas Kumar, Anima Bose, and Prasenjit Mal. "Mechanochemical synthesis of small organic molecules." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 13 (September 11, 2017): 1907–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.13.186.

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With the growing interest in renewable energy and global warming, it is important to minimize the usage of hazardous chemicals in both academic and industrial research, elimination of waste, and possibly recycle them to obtain better results in greener fashion. The studies under the area of mechanochemistry which cover the grinding chemistry to ball milling, sonication, etc. are certainly of interest to the researchers working on the development of green methodologies. In this review, a collection of examples on recent developments in organic bond formation reactions like carbon–carbon (C–C), carbon–nitrogen (C–N), carbon–oxygen (C–O), carbon–halogen (C–X), etc. is documented. Mechanochemical syntheses of heterocyclic rings, multicomponent reactions and organometallic molecules including their catalytic applications are also highlighted.
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Stockwell, Brent R. "Exploring biology with small organic molecules." Nature 432, no. 7019 (December 2004): 846–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03196.

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Estroff, Lara A., and Andrew D. Hamilton. "Water Gelation by Small Organic Molecules." Chemical Reviews 104, no. 3 (March 2004): 1201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr0302049.

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Parsons, R., and T. VanderNoot. "The oxidation of small organic molecules." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 257, no. 1-2 (December 1988): 9–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(88)87028-1.

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Balkenhohl, Friedhelm, Christoph von dem Bussche-Hünnefeld, Annegret Lansky, and Christian Zechel. "Combinatorial Synthesis of Small Organic Molecules." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 35, no. 20 (November 1, 1996): 2288–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199622881.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

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Wang, Ping. "Diffusion of small organic molecules in fluoroelastomers /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 1995.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 1995.
Adviser: Nak-Ho Sung. Submitted to the Dept. of Chemical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Velardo, Amalia. "Small organic molecules for next generation electronics." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2215.

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2014 - 2015
In this PhD thesis attention has been focused on the theoretical design of organic small molecules for next generation electronics. The task of this thesis has concerned with the theoretical analysis of the operational performances of small dyes in photovoltaic solar cells, both in bulkheterojunction and dye sensitized solar cells; with particular emphasis on the theoretical analysis of the rates of the elementary electron transfer processes. A full quantum mechanics procedure for computing the rates of elementary electron transfer processes has been developed. The procedure starts from the Fermi Golden Rule (FGR) expression of the rate of electronic transitions and makes use of a rigorous evaluation of the Franck-Condon weighted density of states, performed by Kubo’s generating function approach. The analysis of electron transfer rates has revealed to be a very powerful tool for investigating structure-property relationships for the employment of small organic molecules in photovoltaic solar cells. The methodology has been applied to a class of small organic molecules, which show different power energy conversion efficiencies. The different efficiencies of the dyes have been attributed to very different rates of photoinduced electron transfer, the first step of energy conversion process in any type of photovoltaic solar cell. The last part of this thesis has been devoted to a very important task for next generation electronics: the rational design of new N-rich fused-ring heteroaromatics small organic molecules for n-type charge transport in thin layers. The substitution of CH units with nitrogen atoms is particularly appealing because, it offers the possibility of tuning the electron donor/acceptor character of the molecule. [edited by author]
XIV n.s.
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Kindness, A. "Infrared intensities of some small molecules." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277293.

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The work described in this thesis had two main aims: (1) to develop a method for the determination of 13C/12C ratios by measuring the areas of individual rotational lines in gas phase spectra; (2) to measure the absolute infrared intensities of the CH stretching bands in the gas phase of various small molecules, especially partially deuterated species containing only one CH bond. Both projects involved the use of a Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer, (FT-IR). In part one, infrared spectra of CO, HCN, CH4 and CO2 were investigated to identify the species most suitable for isotopic abundance determination. Of these, carbon dioxide exhibits the largest shift (ca. 60 cm-1) and is the easiest to prepare and handle in a vacuum system. Procedures for handling organic and carbonate samples have been developed. The precision, on about 2 mg carbon, was satisfactory with a rsd = 1.2 % at the natural abundance level and a limit of detection of 0.026 atom % 13C above the natural abundance level of 1.136 atom % 13C. Results obtained by this method were found to be in good agreement with those obtained by Mass spectrometry. In part two, the absolute intensities of the CH stretching bands in the spectra of C2H6, C2D5G, C3H8, CD3CD2CD2H, (CD3)2CDH, (CH3)3CH, (CD3)3CH, (CH3)3CD, C6D11H and CHD2X (where X = C1, I, NH2, OH and O-CHD2) were measured using the pressure broadening technique. Where data was obtained for both deuterated and partially deuterated species, the extent of validity of the additivity of intensity per CH bond was explored. Individual CH band intensitites in the various compounds are compared with results from previous studies, where available. Chemical variations are discussed in terms of the electro-optical parameters approach of Gussoni et al.
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Neri, Tommaso. "Novel organic semiconducting small molecules for X-ray detection." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14809/.

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L’elettronica organica ha trovato negli anni recenti diverse applicazioni, anche in dispositivi di uso quotidiano, come ad esempio gli schermi OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode). I semiconduttori organici possono essere depositati con tecniche a basso costo, anche su scala industriale, e su grandi aree, fattore, quest’ultimo, che li rende particolarmente adatti alla fabbricazione di sensori di radiazioni ionizzanti. Il lavoro presentato riguarda la realizzazione di transistor organici a film sottile e la loro caratterizzazione, come transistor e come sensori di raggi X. In particolare, l’obiettivo di questo progetto sperimentale è il confronto delle sensibilità di due tipi di dispositivi fabbricati da soluzioni delle molecole diF-TES-ADT (5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl)anthradithiophene) e diF-TEG-ADT (5,11-bis(triethylgermylethynyl)anthradithiophene), appartenenti alla classe degli eteroaceni sostituiti. Nella prima molecola sono presenti due gruppi funzionali identici in cui è contenuto un atomo di silicio, mentre nell'altra essi contengono un atomo di germanio, caratterizzato da un numero atomico più alto. In questo lavoro viene dimostrato che il numero atomico più alto, grazie al maggiore coefficiente di assorbimento per la radiazione X, comporta una sensibilità più alta per il sensore di razioni ionizzanti, come confermato dai risultati ottenuti.
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Ferguson, A. M. "Spectroscopic and theoretical studies of small molecules." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374240.

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Raspanti, Fabio. "Organic small molecules semiconductors as direct X-ray detectors." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15451/.

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Organic small molecules semiconductors are promising in the field of direct ionizing radiation detection. Unlike their inorganic counterpart, these molecules are easy to work with, since they are flexible, soluble and can be deposited on electronic devices with very simple processes, such as drop-casting and spin-casting. Moreover, these materials have good detection properties and very low working voltage. To this day, organic semiconductors have mainly been used in indirect radiation detection, employed both in scintillator and as photodetectors. However, direct detection of ionizing radiation is a far more effective method, since it is performed within a single material and a single conversion, directly from photons to electrical signal; furthermore, it provides a higher signal-to-noise ratio and a faster response time. In this experimental work, I fabricated four direct detectors based on transistors; two different organic solutions were drop-casted onto the transistors, creating a conduction channel between source and drain electrodes. Both these solutions had chlorobenzene as a solvent, with DiF-TES-ADT and DiF-TEG-ADT as solutes, respectively, in a 0.5% concentration. The purpose of this thesis is dual. Firstly, I want to study how the detectors’ sensitivity is influenced by semiconductor molecules with different Z-number; secondly, I want to test a new drop-casting method (SAC method) and compare it to results previously obtained with traditional deposition methods. The results are very promising, with very high values of sensitivity obtained with low voltages.
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Sultana, Mahmooda. "Microfluidic systems for continuous crystallization of small organic molecules." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59879.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis presents one of the first demonstrations of continuous crystallization in microfluidic devices, and illustrates their use for various applications related to crystallization of small organic molecules. Crystallization is an important process in a number of industries, including specialty chemicals, food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals and, most importantly, pharmaceuticals. Most small molecule pharmaceuticals are isolated in crystalline form, and more than ninety percent of all pharmaceutical products are formulated in particulate, mainly crystalline form. However, crystallization is not a completely understood process. The sensitivity of the process to synthesis conditions gives rise to serious reproducibility issues. The traditional batch crystallizers suffer from non-uniform process conditions across the reactor, and chaotic, poorly controlled mixing of the reagents, often resulting in polydisperse crystal size distribution and impure polymorphs. This makes it difficult to obtain reliable information on the process kinetics that can be used for scale-up, as well as to study the fundamentals of the process. Microfluidic systems offer a unique toolset for crystallization because of well-defined laminar flow profiles, enhanced heat and mass transfer, better control over the contact mode of the reagents, and optical access for in situ characterization. The better control over the synthesis conditions gives rise to the potential for controlling the crystal size, as well as the polymorphic form. In addition, low consumption of reagents makes it an attractive research tool for expensive pharmaceutical compounds. Some of the advantages of microfluidics have been demonstrated for crystallization in micro-batches, but so far not in continuous devices. Continuous crystallization is difficult to achieve in microchannels as uncontrolled nucleation, crystal growth, agglomeration and sedimentation of crystals easily clog the small channels. The interaction of crystals with channel walls may also contribute to channel plugging in these devices. This thesis has developed microfluidic devices for continuous crystallization of small organic molecules for the first time. We have decoupled nucleation and growth, the two key steps of crystallization, using reaction engineering principles, and have developed two separate continuous devices, one for each of these two processes. We have used seeded crystallization and reactor design to achieve controlled growth, as well as to suppress secondary nucleation, agglomeration and sedimentation of crystals. In addition, we have eliminated any significant interaction of crystals with channel walls by controlling the properties of channel surfaces. We have also integrated microscopy and spectroscopy tools with the device for in-situ characterization of crystal size and polymorphic form. We have illustrated the use of these devices to extract growth kinetics data for crystals of various shapes, including high aspect ratio systems such as that with acicular or plate-like habits. The reproducibility and control in our devices have allowed us to elucidate the growth mechanism and fundamentals of the growth process for difficult crystal systems. In addition, we have demonstrated that continuous microfluidic devices offer a unique advantage over the current state-of-the art technology to measure the size, size distribution and growth kinetics of high aspect ratio crystal systems more accurately. Moreover, we have demonstrated the use of microfluidic devices for understanding crystal habit modification in the presence of impurities. We take advantage of the high spatiotemporal resolution of microfluidic devices to study the evolution of crystal habit over time, and to obtain information on the kinetics of habit modification in the presence of different impurities. We have developed an understanding of the habit modification mechanism for alpha glycine in the presence of alpha amino acids. Such information may not only provide insights into impurity-crystal interactions, but also serve as a powerful tool for the design of impurities that can be deliberately added to improve the crystallization process. Furthermore, we have designed and developed a second microfluidic device for continuous supercritical crystallization for the first time. Using supercritical fluid as an antisolvent, we have demonstrated continuous spontaneous nucleation of acetaminophen. We have shown the ability to produce micron-sized crystals, which may be useful for increasing the bioavailability of drugs with lower solubility, as well as for inhalable and highly potent drugs with stringent size requirements. The developed platform can also be used as a high-throughput device for safely screening crystallization conditions in the supercritical domain. We have demonstrated such use by screening the effects of pressure and various solvents on the habit, size and polymorphic form of acetaminophen crystals.
by Mahmooda Sultana.
Ph.D.
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Zhao, Qingjun. "The electrocatalytic oxidation of small organic molecules on platinum." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057092834.

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Bye, Jordan. "Interaction between macromolecules, inorganic salts and small organic molecules." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7731/.

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Solutes are present within aqueous systems in almost every area of research. The term solute can include salts, small organic molecules, proteins and any other chemical that can be dissolved. Understanding how solutes influence the properties of each other and medium they are dissolved in is of paramount importance if a system is to be fully understood, but the extent to which solutes perturb their medium is often overlooked. The aim of this research project was to use analytical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, pressure perturbation calorimetry and terahertz spectroscopy to better understand the mechanism by which water and solutes influence protein stability. Experimental results suggest that Hofmeister ions influence protein stability at higher salt concentrations by modulating the free energy required to hydrate the newly exposed core of the protein. Destabilising ions reduce the free energy required to hydrate the protein core and stabilising ions increase the free energy. At low salt concentrations salts influence protein stability to a small degree by interacting electrostatically with proteins. Pressure perturbation calorimetry studies suggested that Hofmeister ions are able to influence water dynamics at elevated temperatures through their electric field. These findings support the hypothesis that ions are able to stabilise proteins by competing for water with the unfolding protein through an electrostatic interaction. Coherent synchrotron radiation in the terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum was able to detect an extended hydration layer around bovine serum albumin. These findings supported other terahertz spectroscopy experiments that also detected extended hydration layers around proteins and suggests that water around protein molecules is more complex than a single layer of water molecules.
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Boschi, Francesca <1980&gt. "New routes to enantioenriched substances through small organic molecules." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1458/1/Boschi_Francesca_tesi.pdf.

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In this thesis we will disclose the results obtained from the diastereoisomeric salt formation (n salt, p salt and p1,n1 salt) between non-racemic trans-chrysanthemic acid (trans-ChA) and pure enantiomers of threo-2-dimethylamino-1-phenyl-1,3-propanediol (DMPP). The occurrence of p1,n1 salt formation can have profound effects on enantiomer separation of scalemic (non-racemic) mixtures. This phenomenon when accompanied by substrate self-association impedes the complete recovery of the major enantiomer through formation of an inescapable racemate cage. A synthetic sequence for the asymmetric synthesis of bicyclo[3.2.0]heptanones and bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-3-en-6-ones through a cycloaddition strategy is reported. The fundamental step is a [2+2]-cycloaddition of an enantiopure amide derived from the reaction between a set of acids and an oxazolidinone as the chiral auxiliary. The inter- and intramolecular cycloaddition of in situ-generated keteniminium salts gives bicycles with a good enantioselection. A key intermediate of Iloprost, a chemically stable and biologically active mimic of prostacyclin PGI2 is synthesized following a ‘green approach’. An example of simple optical resolution of this racemic intermediate involving the diastereoisomeric salt formation is described.

Books on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

1

Sitter, Helmut, Claudia Draxl, and Michael Ramsey, eds. Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9.

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Mori, Tadashi, ed. Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Isolated Small Organic Molecules. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2309-0.

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Sitter, Helmut. Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces: Fundamentals and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Mark, H. F. From small organic molecules to large: A century of progress. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993.

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Laganà, Antonio. Supercomputer Algorithms for Reactivity, Dynamics and Kinetics of Small Molecules. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989.

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Woollins, J. Derek. Selenium and Tellurium Chemistry: From Small Molecules to Biomolecules and Materials. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Martin, Jonathan Paul. The synthesis and evaluation of calixarene hydrophobic hosts designed to recognise small organic molecules. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1991.

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Julius, Rebek. Hydrogen-bonded capsules: Molecular behavior in small spaces. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2015.

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Obrecht, Daniel. Solid-supported combinatorial and parallel synthesis of small-molecular-weight compound libraries. [New York]: Pergamon, 1998.

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Ramsey, Michael, Helmut Sitter, and Claudia Draxl. Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces: Fundamentals and Applications. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

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Gordan, Ovidiu D., and Dietrich R. T. Zahn. "Small Organic Molecules." In Ellipsometry of Functional Organic Surfaces and Films, 197–219. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40128-2_10.

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Gordan, Ovidiu D., and Dietrich R. T. Zahn. "Small Organic Molecules." In Ellipsometry of Functional Organic Surfaces and Films, 295–317. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75895-4_13.

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Edler, Matthias, Thomas Griesser, Gregor Trimmel, and Wolfgang Kern. "Tuning Organic Electronics via Photoreactive Thin Organic Films." In Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces, 141–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9_6.

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Lin, Yuze, and Xiaowei Zhan. "Organic Solar Cells Based on Small Molecules." In Organic Optoelectronics, 375–405. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527653454.ch8.

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Simbrunner, Clemens, Gerardo Hernandez-Sosa, Martin Oehzelt, Roland Resel, Francesco Quochi, Dimitrii Nabok, Tatjana Djuric, et al. "Organic–Organic Heteroepitaxy—The Method of Choice to Tune Optical Emission of Organic Nano-fibers?" In Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces, 49–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9_3.

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Irimia-Vladu, Mihai, Eric D. Głowacki, N. Serdar Sariciftci, and Siegfried Bauer. "Natural Materials for Organic Electronics." In Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces, 295–318. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9_12.

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Kolb, Ute, and Tatiana E. Gorelik. "Small Organic Molecules and Higher Homologs." In Handbook of Nanoscopy, 1335–80. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527641864.ch37.

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Yang, Huaiyu, and Joop H. ter Horst. "Crystal Nucleation of Small Organic Molecules." In New Perspectives on Mineral Nucleation and Growth, 317–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45669-0_16.

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Lathan, W. A., L. A. Curtiss, W. J. Hehre, J. B. Lisle, and J. A. Pople. "Molecular Orbital Structures for Small Organic Molecules and Cations." In Progress in Physical Organic Chemistry, 175–261. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470171905.ch3.

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Puschnig, Peter, Georg Koller, Claudia Draxl, and Michael G. Ramsey. "The Structure of Molecular Orbitals Investigated by Angle-Resolved Photoemission." In Small Organic Molecules on Surfaces, 3–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33848-9_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

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Sun, Jianyuan, Lianjie Zhang, Ashishi Dubey, Swaminathan Venkatesan, Ting-Yu Lin, Logan P. Sanow, Yu-Chueh Hung, et al. "Ring-protected small molecules for organic photovoltaics." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Zakya H. Kafafi and Paul A. Lane. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2025762.

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Olivier, Simon, Lionel Derue, Bernard Geffroy, Eléna Ishow, and Tony Maindron. "Inkjet printing of photopolymerizable small molecules for OLED applications." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Franky So, Chihaya Adachi, and Jang-Joo Kim. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2186995.

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Datta, Supriyo, Weidong Tian, and Clifford P. Kubiak. "”Resistance” of a molecular wire." In Chemistry and Physics of Small-Scale Structures. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cps.1997.ctub.2.

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A number of groups have recently reported experimental studies of the electronic conduction through a monolayer of organic molecules self-assembled between two large metallic contacts [1-5]. Measured resistances to date are at least several megohms per molecule and has to be lowered by a few orders of magnitude before such wires can be considered seriously for interconnect applications. In this paper we present a simple model that lends insight into the factors affecting the molecular resistance and suggests possible schemes for designing molecular wires with lower resistance that can be truly said to 'conduct'.
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Singh, P., F. Pasha, H. Srivastava, and A. Srivastava. "QSTR Study of Small Organic Molecules against Tetrahymena pyriformis." In The 9th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-9-01661.

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Cheng, Zhikuan. "n-Type polymers and small molecules for organic photovoltaics." In Optical Nanostructures and Advanced Materials for Photovoltaics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pv.2015.jtu2c.1.

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Kambara, Ohki, Keisuke Tominaga, Jun-ichi Nishizawa, Tetsuo Sasaki, Hong-Wei Wang, and Michitoshi Hayashi. "Low-frequency dynamics of hydrogen-bonding small organic molecules." In 2009 34th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IORMMW-THz 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimw.2009.5325670.

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Chao, Teng-Chih, Jung-Yu Liao, Han-Cheng Yeh, Jin-Sheng Lin, and Mei-Rurng Tseng. "Recent progress on solution processable small molecules for organic light-emitting diodes in ITRI." In SPIE Organic Photonics + Electronics, edited by Franky So and Chihaya Adachi. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2023167.

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Riede, Moritz, Christian Uhrich, Ronny Timmreck, Johannes Widmer, David Wynands, Marieta Levichkova, Mauro Furno, et al. "Optimization of organic tandem solar cells based on small molecules." In 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2010.5616806.

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Riede, Moritz K., Rico Schueppel, Kerstin Schulze, David Wynands, Ronny Timmreck, Christian Uhrich, Annette Petrich, et al. "Recent progress in organic solar cells based on small molecules." In Photonics Europe, edited by Andreas Gombert. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.782232.

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Jenekhe, Samson A., and X. Linda Chen. "Self-Organized Organic Semiconductor Quantum Wires and Boxes." In Chemistry and Physics of Small-Scale Structures. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cps.1997.csub.5.

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Abstract:
The growing interest in semiconducting polymers as device materials 1-3 for applications such as thin films transistors, light-emitting diodes, lasers, and photodectors has also stimulated theoretical and experimental interest in low-dimensional organic semiconductors. 4-8 It is expected that organic quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum boxes, and superlattices may exhibit strong excitonic effects and large exciton binding energies [~0.5 -1.0 eV] in part because of the relatively small dielectric constants of organic molecules and polymers [~3 - 4].4-6 In spite of the many theoretical studies which have predicted quantum confinement effects in heterostructured semiconducting polymers,5,6 clear experimental observation of such effects was not reported until very recently. 9,10 One major experimental difficulty is the rather small exciton Bohr radii (aB) in bulk organic semiconductors (aB~1.0 - 1.5 nm) which places severe limitations on suitable techniques for preparing the nanoscale structures.10,11

Reports on the topic "Small Organic Molecules":

1

Choi, Yongmun, and Motonari Uesugi. Inhibition of Her2 Transcription by Small Organic Molecules. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada435567.

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Choi, Yongmun, and Motonari Uesugi. Inhibition of Her2 Transcription by Small Organic Molecules. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415950.

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Choi, Yongmun, and Motonari Uesugi. Inhibition of Her2 Transcription by Small Organic Molecules. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425740.

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4

Cheon, Kwang-Ohk. The Electric and Optical Properties of Doped Small Molecular Organic Light-Emitting Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/816444.

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Morris, John B. Chemically modified polymeric resins for separation of cations, organic acids, and small polar moleculea by high performance liquid chromatography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116711.

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Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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Abstract:
The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.

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