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Journal articles on the topic 'Small-scale boiler'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Janic, Todor, Sasa Igic, Nebojsa Dedovic, Darijan Pavlovic, Jan Turan, and Aleksandar Sedlar. "Thermal power of small scale manually fed boiler." Thermal Science 19, no. 1 (2015): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci130104046j.

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This study reviews test results of the combustion of square soybean straw bales used as fuel in manually fed boiler with nominal thermal power of 120 kWth. The influence of the mass flow rate (180, 265, 350, 435, and 520 kg h-1) of inlet air and flue gas recirculation (0%, 16.5%, and 33%) fed to the boiler furnace was continuously monitored. Direct method was used for determination of the boiler thermal power. Correlation between boiler thermal power and bale residence time has been observed and simple empirical equation has been derived. General conclusions are as follows: the increase of the

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2

Salako, Yusuf Adesina, Oseni Owolarafe, Ajiboye Shuaib Osunleke, Isaac Olaoye, and Adekunle Atta. "Performance evaluation of a small scale palm fruit biomass-fired autoclave boiler." International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences 9, no. 2 (2025): 464–76. https://doi.org/10.31015/2025.2.20.

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Different fuel mixture (empty fruit bunch, fiber and shell from palm kernel) at different ratios were used to fire an existing boiler to determine the most efficient fuel mixture composition for an improved performance of the boiler. This was carried out to determine the effects of the different types of fuel mixture (at different proportions) on the steam temperature, pressure, rate of steam production and boiler efficiency of the boiler. It was discovered that fuel mixture with higher percentage of fibre cum palm-kernel shells produced the best results for high combustion rate and steam gene

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3

Šulc, Bohumil, and Cyril Oswald. "Ecological Aspects in Control of Small-scale Biomass Fired Boilers." International Journal of Energy 15 (March 23, 2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91010.2021.15.6.

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Control of combustion in small-scale boilers has been standing outside interest for a long time. More attention has been paid to design of the boilers than to economic and ecological aspects of their operation. To the question under which operating conditions of the boiler a controller carries out its activities has been paid a limited attention. The quick by developing use of biomass fired boilers, local shortage of quality biomass, legal restriction on emissions and available cheaper instrumentation have caused a turn in replacing older simple control solutions by more sophisticated technolo

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4

Sornek, Krzysztof, and Mariusz Filipowicz. "A study of the applicability of a straw-fired batch boiler as a heat source for a small-scale cogeneration unit." Chemical and Process Engineering 37, no. 4 (2016): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cpe-2016-0041.

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Abstract Straw-fired batch boilers, due to their relatively simple structure and low operating costs, are an excellent source of heat for a wide range of applications. A concept prototype of a cogeneration system with a straw-fired batch boiler was developed. The basic assumptions were based on the principles of the Rankine Cycle and the Organic Rankine Cycle systems with certain design modifications. Using the prototype design of a system that collects high-temperature heat from the boiler, studies were performed. The studies involved an analysis of the flue gas temperature distribution in th

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5

Manic, Nebojsa, Vladimir Jovanovic, Dragoslava Stojiljkovic, and Zagorka Brat. "Application of different turbulence models for improving construction of small-scale boiler fired by solid fuel." Thermal Science 21, suppl. 3 (2017): 809–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160627017m.

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Due to the rapid progress in computer hardware and software, CFD became a powerful and effective tool for implementation turbulence modeling in defined combustion mathematical models in the complex boiler geometries. In this paper the commercial CFD package, ANSYS FLUENT was used to model fluid flow through the boiler, in order to define velocity field and predict pressure drop. Mathematical modeling was carried out with application of Standard, RNG, and Realizable k-? turbulence model using the constants presented in literature. Three boilers geometry were examined with application of three d

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6

Mentes, Dóra, Zoltán Sajti, Tamás László Koós, and Csaba Póliska. "Optimizing the combustion processes of a small scale solid fuel-fired boiler." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 4, no. 4 (2019): 358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2019.4.41.

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Over the last decade, the public has been paying increasing attention to reducing greenhouse gas and acid rain emissions and reducing particulate matter, which is extremely harmful to health and the environment. To improve air quality, the European Commission has achieved a range of measures to reduce air pollutant emissions in the transport, heat and electricity, industrial and agricultural sectors. In Hungary, the amount of gas and solid air pollutants from solid fuel combustion used by the public during the heating season represents a significant percentage of the total amount present in th

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7

Chabiński, Michał, and Andrzej Szlęk. "Effect of Adding Halloysite to Different Solid Biomass Fuels on Combustion Process in a Small-Scale Domestic Retort Boiler." Energies 17, no. 24 (2024): 6287. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246287.

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Biomass combustion in small-scale boilers in Eastern Europe has recently become a very popular heating option. Biomass boilers are gradually replacing old, coal-fired installations, especially in the domestic sector. In comparison with coal, biomass contains more phosphorus, chlorine, and potassium, which may cause the corrosion, slagging, and fouling of heating surfaces inside the combustion chamber. Such problems may be reduced by properly controlling the combustion process, as well as adding substances like halloysite to the fuel. This paper presents the results of adding halloysite to wood

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8

Ryšavý, Jiří, Wei-Mon Yan, Thangavel Sangeetha, et al. "The Bacharach Method: A Low-Cost Tool for Small-Scale Combustion Units’ Flue Gas Quality Control." Fire 7, no. 7 (2024): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire7070232.

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Although current EU regulations, such as EU Directive 2015/1189 on the eco-design of solid fuel boilers and Directive 2015/1188, in accordance with the Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, require manufacturers to meet specific emission requirements for CE marking, the routine and regular onsite testing of household heating appliances is still not mandatory in many EU countries. This research endeavour addressed this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of the Bacharach method as a rapid and cost-effective tool for assessing flue gas quality, particularly in terms of particulate matter mass concentr

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9

Molchanov, Oleksandr, Kamil Krpec, Jiří Horák, et al. "Specifics of Electrostatic Precipitation of Fly Ash from Small-Scale Fossil Fuel Combustion." Processes 11, no. 3 (2023): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030808.

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This paper investigates the removal efficiency of a honeycomb electrostatic precipitator (ESP) applied to control particulate matter (PM) emissions from a small-scale boiler with combustion lignite and hard coal. The specifics of the precipitation of emissions from small-scale boilers are discussed, and the design principles for relevant ESPs are presented and used. The ion-induced nucleation of sulfuric acid occurred, causing the drastic penetration of 19 nm particles through the ESP. Despite this, the overall collection efficiency was sufficient to meet the EU’s Ecodesign Directive requireme

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10

Janić, T., S. Igić, N. Dedović, and V. Janić. "Thermal power of small scale manually fed boiler." Savremena poljoprivredna tehnika 42, no. 4 (2016): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/savpoljteh1604225j.

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11

Collazo, J., J. Porteiro, J. L. Míguez, E. Granada, and M. A. Gómez. "Numerical simulation of a small-scale biomass boiler." Energy Conversion and Management 64 (December 2012): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.020.

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12

Sławomir Stelmach, Katarzyna Matuszek, Piotr Hrycko, Paweł Wolny, Jiří Horák, and Lenka Kuboňová. "Reducing Mercury Emissions from Small-Scale Coal-Fired Boilers Used in Residential Heating." SAFETY & FIRE TECHNOLOGY 62, no. 2 (2023): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12845/sft.62.2.2023.3.

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Aim: The aim of the research was to demonstrate that the use of low-emission carbon fuels (obtained using the initial thermal conversion of coal feedstock) in residential heating also makes it possible to reduce mercury emissions from small-scale coal-fired boilers. Project and methods: The publication presents the results of mercury emission tests conducted using five different small-scale coal-fired boilers and five different coal fuels. The research was carried out under laboratory conditions, but also using heating devices of residential users. They covered a wide range of operational para

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13

Salu, Salma, Jusuf Siahaya, Kriatiana Pasau, Karel Tikupadang, and Danang Haryo Yudanto. "Analysis of Performance on Pump Test Equipment Series and Parallel." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2394, no. 1 (2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2394/1/012023.

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Abstract A boiler is one of the most significant components in a steam power plant system, as steam from the boiler is used to crank a steam turbine, which drives an electric generator. A sootblower is a piece of boiler equipment that cleans the ash and scale that has built up on the pipes. The heat-transfer pipes have been reduced. When soot builds up on the pipes or the riser on the boiler’s walls, heat transfer is impeded, resulting in less heat transfer. The amount of steam produced by the boiler will decrease if the heat transfer is lowered. Heat transfer is small in superheaters, reheate

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14

Tucki, Karol, Olga Orynycz, Andrzej Wasiak, Antoni Świć, Leszek Mieszkalski, and Joanna Wichłacz. "Low Emissions Resulting from Combustion of Forest Biomass in a Small Scale Heating Device." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205495.

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The paper concerns the analysis of harmful emissions during the combustion process in households. The subject of the analysis is a low emission heating device with an output of 50 kW for burning biomass of forest origin (low-quality hardwoods or softwoods). The proposed boiler is automatically fed from the connected container by means of a screw conveyor. In this way, the optimum amount of fuel is supplied for maximum heat output (adjustment of the ratio of primary air to fuel). The proposed biomass heating system is equipped with a primary and secondary air supply system and exhaust gas senso

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15

Wen, Zhi Yong, Cheng Zhang, Qing Yan Fang, and Gang Chen. "Feasibility Study on Accessorial Limestone Injection Desulfurization System on Large Capacity Boiler." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.293.

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Many large capacity boilers are facing the problems of desulfurization with the variation of coal quality received and small designed desulfurization capacity in current Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization(WFGD) system. WFGD capacity improving renovation is a high cost and long construction cycle project. Therefore, a proposal to add accessorial limestone injection desulfurization system without changing the current WFGD was investigated in this study. Laboratory experiments and pilot scale field tests on a 220t/h boiler were performed to certificate the possibility of adding accessorial limestone de

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16

Gölles, Markus, Stefan Reiter, Thomas Brunner, Nicolaos Dourdoumas, and Ingwald Obernberger. "Model based control of a small-scale biomass boiler." Control Engineering Practice 22 (January 2014): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2013.09.012.

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17

Suhonen, Heikki, Ari Laitinen, Miika Kortelainen, et al. "High Temperature Electrical Charger to Reduce Particulate Emissions from Small Biomass-Fired Boilers." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010109.

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New particulate matter (PM) filtering technologies are needed to meet the emission regulations for small combustion appliances. In this work, we investigate the performance of a novel electrical particle filtration system, the single needle shielded corona charger (SCC), which offers an advantageous solution for PM control in boilers by enhancing particulate deposition within existing boiler sections. Experiments under different operating conditions of a wood-fired boiler were performed, wherein the SCC was installed upstream of either a condensing heat exchanger (CHX) or a cyclone. PM reducti

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18

Chengguo, Fu, Feng Yipeng, Tian Yishui, Liang Mingchao та Zhang Zhengchuan. "Design of a 1 t/h Biomass Chain Boiler and ιts Fuel Adaptability Analysis". Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 13, № 5 (2020): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.135.17.

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The arch is an important component of a biomass boiler. Initial arch design of most boilers is generally gained through manual computation, thus resulting in uncertain reasonability of flue gas flow. Moreover, biomass fuels in the market have instable characteristics, which influence the utilization of biomass energies considerably. To address the problems concerning reasonable flue gas flow caused by the collaborative design of arch and air staging and the combustion adaptability of fuels, a cold modeling experiment of a 1 t/h biomass boiler under different staged air distribution ratios when

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19

Kokalj, Filip, Tomas Zadravec, Aleksandar Jovovic, and Niko Samec. "Small wood pellet boiler 3-D CFD study for improved flue gas emissions employing flue gas recirculation and air staging." Thermal Science 27, no. 1 Part A (2023): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2301089k.

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Wood biomass fuels have become increasingly important in terms of achieving future sustainability targets regarding RES, especially to reduce GHG and the use of domestic energy sources, on other hand with these fuels the pulutant air emissions have to be addressed with great attention. Nowadays, air staging and flue gas recirculation are often used as a primary emission reduction measure in large scale biomass fuel fired boilers, but their combined application in small scale commercial wood pellet boilers is not so common. The implementation of this approach to the small scale burning devices

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20

Thapa, Suvhashis, Eric Borquist, and Leland Weiss. "Thermal energy recovery via integrated small scale boiler and superheater." Energy 142 (January 2018): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.10.063.

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21

Tia, S., S. Suwanayuen, C. Tangsatitkulchai, C. Phromvichit, and W. Nimipal. "Heat transfer characteristics in a small-scale fluidized bed boiler." International Journal of Energy Research 20, no. 6 (1996): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-114x(199606)20:6<521::aid-er170>3.0.co;2-c.

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22

Ajayi, Arinola Bola, Habeeb Akorede Mustapha, Abiodun Felix Popoola, Tosin Emmanuel Folarin, and Samuel Olabode Afolabi. "Development of a Laboratory-Scale Steam Boiler for Polyurethane (Foam) Waste Recycling Machine." Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation 7, no. 2 (2023): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.55579/jaec.202372.409.

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In this paper, a laboratory-scale (small) Steam Boiler was designed and developed for a small-scale polyurethane recycling machine. A small-sized polyurethane machine was developed for the recycling of polyurethane foams to reduce wastes in the polyurethane production industries and also to reuse old discarded foams after their useful lives. It has been observed from studies carried out in many foam manufacturing industries that the polyurethane foam wastes generated from various plant operations are enormous. Also, polyurethane (foam) products are everywhere in our homes, industries and autom

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23

Brázdil, Marian, Ladislav Šnajdárek, Petr Kracík, and Jirí Pospíšil. "AUTOMATIC BIOMASS BOILER WITH AN EXTERNAL THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR." Acta Polytechnica 54, no. 1 (2014): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2014.54.0006.

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This paper presents the design and test results of an external thermoelectric generator that utilizes the waste heat from a small-scale domestic biomass boiler with nominal rated heat output of 25 kW. The low-temperature Bi2Te3 generator based on thermoelectric modules has the potential to recover waste heat from gas combustion products as effective energy. The small-scale generator is constructed from independent segments. Measurements have shown that up to 11 W of electricity can be generated by one segment. Higher output power can be achieved by linking thermoelectric segments. The maximum

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24

Ji, Xuanyu, Xiaofeng Lu, Xiaolei Xue, Honghao He, Quanhai Wang, and Jianbo Li. "Development on a small scale industrial CFB boiler with an evaporating loop seal." Applied Thermal Engineering 36 (April 2012): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.10.065.

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25

Persson, Tomas, Marie Rönnbäck, Jan Erik Mattsson, Bengt-Olof Danielsson, and Daniel Ryde. "Chunkwood fuel feeding and combustion experiments in small-scale boilers to provide design suggestions for chunkwood friendly boiler construction." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 71 (November 2024): 103986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2024.103986.

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26

Rector, Lisa, Paul J. Miller, Steven Snook, and Mahdi Ahmadi. "Comparative emissions characterization of a small-scale wood chip-fired boiler and an oil-fired boiler in a school setting." Biomass and Bioenergy 107 (December 2017): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.10.017.

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27

Dragutinovic, Natasa, Branka Nakomcic-Smaragdakis, Slavko Djuric, and Dragisa Djordjic. "Investigation of additives in combustion of wheat straw pellets in a small scale boiler." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 11, no. 4 (2019): 043101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5088640.

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28

Komai, N., F. Masuyama, and M. Igarashi. "10-Year Experience With T23(2.25Cr-1.6W) and T122(12Cr-0.4Mo-2W) in a Power Boiler." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 127, no. 2 (2004): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1904052.

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Tungsten strengthened ferritic steels, 2.25Cr-1.6W-V-Nb and 12Cr-0.4Mo-2W-V-Nb-Cu have been developed and approved by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code Committee for use in Section I construction, designated as T23 and T122, respectively. A field exposure test installing both steel tubes in service along with comparative materials in the tertiary superheater and secondary reheater of a 156MW utility power boiler has been conducted since April 1993. The tubes were removed to confirm their material properties and corrosion/steam oxidation behaviors after 1-year, 3-year, 6-year, and 10-ye

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29

Molchanov, Oleksandr, Kamil Krpec, Jiri Horak, Jiří Ryšavý, and Marcelina Bury. "Carbon Monoxide Formation during Electrostatic Precipitation in Small-Scale Biomass Combustion Systems." Results in Engineering 26 (April 14, 2025): 104934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104934.

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Original PNG and TIF data from original research within the project INOVO!!! Precisely, there are five Figures and three Tables, and the final PDF of the article Open Data: Figure_1._Experimental_setup Figure_2._NOx_concentrations_as_a_function_of_ESP_energisation Figure_3._Particle_size_distribution_as_a_function_of_ESP_energisation Figure_4._CO_concentrations_as_a_function_of_ESP_energisation Figure_5._Measured_and_predicted_CO_concentrations Table_1._Fuel_composition Table_2._Main_Experimental_conditions Table_3._The_major_elements_of_fly_ash_chemical_comp

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30

Mohod, Atul, Y. P. Khandetod, S. H. Sengar, and H. Y. Shrirame. "Energy Analysis of Baby Boiler for Steaming of Raw Cashew Nut Seeds." ISRN Renewable Energy 2012 (November 14, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/476702.

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The steaming of raw cashew seeds prior to shelling is adopted widely in small-scale cashew nut processing mills with the help of baby boiler. The wide variations in energy intensity of these mills reveal the scope for energy conservation. The baby boiler coupled with cooker commonly used for steaming of raw seeds was evaluated. The variation in steam pressure, temperature and operating time with respect to fuel was observed along with thermal efficiency of a boiler. The energy intensity to produce the steam using different fuel sources determined. The study revealed that the thermal efficiency

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31

Yaguchi, Masatsugu. "Remaining Creep Life Prediction Method for In-Service Boiler Pipe Weldment Using Small Scale Specimen." Materials Performance and Characterization 11, no. 3 (2022): 20210104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/mpc20210104.

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32

Stanisławski, Rafał, Robert Junga, and Marek Nitsche. "Reduction of the CO emission from wood pellet small-scale boiler using model-based control." Energy 243 (March 2022): 123009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.123009.

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33

Chen, Qun, Xiaohui Zhang, Jue Zhou, Vida N. Sharifi, and Jim Swithenbank. "Effects of Flue Gas Recirculation on Emissions from a Small Scale Wood Chip Fired Boiler." Energy Procedia 66 (2015): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.02.034.

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34

Liu, Hao, Joel Chaney, Jinxing Li, and Chenggong Sun. "Control of NOx emissions of a domestic/small-scale biomass pellet boiler by air staging." Fuel 103 (January 2013): 792–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.10.028.

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35

M K, Murthi, Magesh Babu D, Sivalingam A, Rahul S, Beporam Iftekhar Hussain, and Karthikeyan R. "Development and Evaluation of a Small-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle for CSP Integration." E3S Web of Conferences 529 (2024): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452902008.

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The paper details the development, manufacturing, and evaluation of a compact Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system fueled by Concentrated Solar Power (CSP). The initial selection of the starting point of the cycle is described, considering the operational conditions of the ORC (such as the properties of the ambient temperature and solar field) and operational limitations. The study outlines the construction of a radial turbine generating 3 kW of power and conducts numerical simulations of fluid flow within the turbine components such as the nozzle and wheel. The course includes system engineerin

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36

Friedman, J., P. Koundakjian, D. Naylor, and D. Rosero. "Heat Transfer to Small Horizontal Cylinders Immersed in a Fluidized Bed." Journal of Heat Transfer 128, no. 10 (2006): 984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2345425.

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Heat transfer to horizontal cylinders immersed in fluidized beds has been extensively studied, but mainly in the context of heat transfer to boiler tubes in coal-fired beds. As a result, most correlations in the literature have been derived for cylinders of 25-50mm diameter in vigorously fluidizing beds. In recent years, fluidized bed heat treating furnaces fired by natural gas have become increasingly popular, particularly in the steel wire manufacturing industry. These fluidized beds typically operate at relatively low fluidizing rates (G∕Gmf<5) and with small diameter wires (1-6mm). Nuss

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37

Hammond, Geoffrey P., and Adam A. Titley. "Small-Scale Combined Heat and Power Systems: The Prospects for a Distributed Micro-Generator in the ‘Net-Zero’ Transition within the UK." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 6049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15166049.

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Small-scale combined heat and power (micro-CHP or mCHP) plants generate heat in the process of localised electricity production that can usefully be captured and employed for domestic space and water heating. Studies of the relative merits of three alternative network-connected mCHP plants are reviewed based respectively on an Internal Combustion engine (ICE), a Stirling engine (SE), and a Fuel Cell (FC). Each plant will, in most cases, result in lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, relative to those from the most efficient condensing boilers. In addition, they lead to operational cost saving

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38

Ohm, Woo Yong. "The Development of a Small-scale Livestock Manure Pellets Boiler Controller by using an Oxygen Trimming." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 56, no. 1 (2019): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2019.56.1.109.

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39

Campbell, Petra E., John T. McMullan, Brian C. Williams, and Friedrich Aumann. "Co-combustion of coal and textiles in a small-scale circulating fluidised bed boiler in Germany." Fuel Processing Technology 67, no. 2 (2000): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3820(00)00094-1.

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40

Caposciutti, Gianluca, Federica Barontini, Chiara Galletti, Marco Antonelli, Leonardo Tognotti, and Umberto Desideri. "Woodchip size effect on combustion temperatures and volatiles in a small-scale fixed bed biomass boiler." Renewable Energy 151 (May 2020): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.11.005.

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41

Cornette, Jordi F. P., Igor V. Dyakov, Paul Plissart, Svend Bram, and Julien Blondeau. "In-situ evaluation of a commercial electrostatic precipitator integrated in a small-scale wood chip boiler." Journal of Electrostatics 128 (March 2024): 103897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2024.103897.

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42

Sutthivirode, Kittiwoot, and Tongchana Thongtip. "Experimental Determination of an Optimal Performance Map of a Steam Ejector Refrigeration System." Energies 15, no. 12 (2022): 4208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124208.

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An experimental determination of optimal performance of a steam ejector refrigerator was proposed which aims to indicate the optimal performance under various heat source temperatures. A small-scale steam ejector refrigerator test bench was constructed to carry out the experiment and to determine the optimal performance map. Three primary nozzles with throat diameters of 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 mm, were tested with an ejector throat diameter of 14.5 mm, providing the ejector area ratios of 107, 82, and 65, respectively. For a particular working condition, the boiler temperature was varied to determi

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43

Liu, Guang Kui, Qun Yi Zhu, and Xing Ying Zhu. "Effect of over-Fire Air Velocity on the Aerodynamic Characteristics in a Cold Model of an Arch-Fired Boiler with New over-Fire Air Arrangement." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1416.

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A new over-fire air (OFA) program is proposed for Foster Wheeler (FW) type arch-fired boiler: the OFA nozzles are setting on arches near the furnace center and emitting OFA flow into the furnace at an inclined angle. Cold airflow experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the OFA velocity on the aerodynamic field in a small-scale furnace modeled for a 660-MWe arch-fired boiler. As the OFA velocity increases, the penetration depth of the OFA flow increases and the turning point of the OFA flow moves to the furnace center. At the same time, the vertical velocity of arch-injected airfl

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Tang, S., X. Feng, L. Shang, H. Yan, and Y. Hou. "Mercury speciation in the flue gas of a small-scale coal-fired boiler in Guiyang, PR China." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 107 (May 2003): 1287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20030536.

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Lamberg, Heikki, Jarkko Tissari, Jorma Jokiniemi, and Olli Sippula. "Fine Particle and Gaseous Emissions from a Small-Scale Boiler Fueled by Pellets of Various Raw Materials." Energy & Fuels 27, no. 11 (2013): 7044–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef401267t.

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Patiño, D., J. Moran, J. Porteiro, J. Collazo, E. Granada, and J. L. Miguez. "Improving the Cofiring Process of Wood Pellet and Refuse Derived Fuel in a Small-Scale Boiler Plant." Energy & Fuels 22, no. 3 (2008): 2121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef800093c.

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Carroll, John, and John Finnan. "Emissions and efficiencies from the combustion of agricultural feedstock pellets using a small scale tilting grate boiler." Biosystems Engineering 115, no. 1 (2013): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.01.009.

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Jasim, Shakir, Akram W. Ezzat, and Eric Hu. "Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Performance and Flow Behavior for Steam Ejector Refrigeration System." Journal of Engineering 29, no. 12 (2023): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2023.12.02.

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The ejector refrigeration system is a desirable choice to reduce energy consumption. A Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation using the ANSYS package was performed to investigate the flow inside the ejector and determine the performance of a small-scale steam ejector. The experimental results showed that at the nozzle throat diameter of 2.6 mm and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing boiler temperature from 110oC to 140oC decreases the entrainment ratio by 66.25%. At the boiler temperature of 120oC, increasing the evaporator temperature from 7.5 to 15 oC increases the entrainmen

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Skopec, Pavel, Jan Hrdlička, and Michal Kaválek. "SPECIFIC EMISSIONS FROM BIOMASS COMBUSTION." Acta Polytechnica 54, no. 1 (2014): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2014.54.0074.

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This paper deals with determining the specific emissions from the combustion of two kinds of biomass fuels in a small-scale boiler. The tested fuels were pellets made of wood and pellets made of rape plant straw. In order to evaluate the specific emissions, several combustion experiments were carried out using a commercial 25 kW pellet-fired boiler. The specific emissions of CO, SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> were evaluated in relation to a unit of burned fuel, a unit of calorific value and a unit of produced heat. The specific emissions were compared with some data

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Pinho, Rui, and Amadeu Duarte da Silva Borges. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Combustion Performance and Emissions from Commercial Pellets in Small-Scale Boilers." Energies 18, no. 13 (2025): 3545. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133545.

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The combustion of fossil fuels is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, drives climate change, and has intensified the search for cleaner energy alternatives such as biomass. Biomass derived from renewable organic materials, is considered a sustainable and carbon-neutral energy source. While biomass represents a renewable and clean energy source, its combustion, especially in pellet form, can produce various pollutants such as CO2, SO2, NO2, CO, and PM. This study focuses on analyzing the combustion of six different pellet brands and the emissions they produce. A dedicated experimental p

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