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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Small town development'
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Riley, Rebecca Dawn. "Bantam towns of Georgia: Small town revitalization and economic development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52258.
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Over 80-percent of the U.S. population lives in urban areas that occupy a mere 3-percent of the country's total area. Development problems and infrastructural stress caused by urban overpopulation can already be seen in the nation's largest cities.
Scattered across North America are small towns that, at one time, were largely sustained by agriculture or industry, but have watched as farming and manufacturing operations leave them behind. Rooted in these economic conditions is the growing gap between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The high concentration of rural lands and high poverty rates in the South makes this region particularly vulnerable to the effects of rural economic distress, and put it in desperate need of solutions. For many small towns in Georgia, the last two decades have brought either rapid population growth, as seen in the areas surrounding Atlanta, or great population decline, most clearly depicted in the southeastern region of the state. Each condition produces a host of different challenges for these small communities, illustrating no simple solutions. It is the focus of this research to determine what proximities, economic assets, and formal characteristics are necessary for small towns in Georgia to successfully revitalize and grow. Furthermore, it is the aim of this research to present a means of analyzing the assets of small towns in order to determine where outside investment is most likely to make a difference, and how resources can best be utilized.
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Lorg, John L. "The development of small town waterfronts." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/167.
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Hardy, Christin. "Small Town Capital in Community." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5401.
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Rural towns often do not see community developments geared towards creating public spaces for multi-cultural experiences, the arts and recreation. Instead small towns are more exposed to commercial properties coming in and out the area. Introducing public spaces that offer various community activities and events will benefit people’s human and social capital. Human capital meaning skills and knowledge. Social capital meaning advantages and skills that come from interpersonal engagements (Anderson, 2004). Community centers designed for the unique needs of small towns can house programming to introduce new and rewarding opportunities for community engagement and personal development. Existing buildings within the community hold the potential to serve as community centers and adaptable interior spaces can add to a variety of programming options. The problem is the lack of community development geared towards creating public spaces for multi-cultural experiences, the arts and recreation. Small towns have limited exposure to diverse activities, events, skills sets and knowledge, along with limited spaces to support such. However older public building within small towns exist that are not being occupied or utilized to serve the community. People within small towns therefore are often restricted from acquiring a broad range of experiences and skills.
To address this problem, evaluation of the current community state is necessary. This will reveal what opportunities are present and which are missing in terms of community engagement. Interviews, focus groups, and surveys are methods to gain information from the inhabitants of small towns. A diverse selection of participations will allow information to be more reflective of a wide range of ages groups, racial groups, and economic gr2wwoups. I plan to reach out to local schools for the students and staff member for participants in interviews, focus groups and electronic surveys. Examination of unoccupied buildings in small towns will reveal what facilities are available to house a potential community center. From that also assess if the interior spaces could incorporate adaptable design systems. Altogether this research will support the importance of community art centers in rural areas that offer adaptive reuse of historical building. In addition expose how the design of these building and programming show seek to support the unique needs of small towns.
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McCormack, John W. "Small town development opportunities : Stow, Massachusetts, 1985." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75961.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Includes bibliographical references.
by John W. McCormack.
M.S.
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Bailey, Clint Brantley. "Small town America a re-design /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/bailey/BaileyC0510.pdf.
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The American Small Town will forever have a place in the undertones of American culture and in the American psychy. The small town has become an identifing piece of the fabric that the overall American Society as a whole uses to project its own image, not only to the world but to its self. This study is an examination of key elements of the American Small town and an exploration into why these places are disappearing. The study goes on to utilize this information to derive a plan for a small town that is free of modern day plights, such as sprawl and redundency. In the end, it proposes a plan for the community of Four Corners, M.T. This case study re-design is an example of how small communities can be shaped early on to prevent waste, maximize efficiency and quality of life.
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Ras, Waleed. "Woodstock small business development initiatives : an impact study." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2441.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.This research study explored perceptions which small business owners and managers have of the impact that initiatives, aimed at revitalisation, have on small business development. The Woodstock Salt-River Revitalisation Framework (WSRRF, 2002) served to guide these initiatives in order to achieve their various objectives, which included, inter alia, the development of small business. Often, official initiatives cannot adequately meet the needs of all stakeholders. The benefits that are derived from these initiatives may differ amongst stakeholders owing to their varying expectations and perceptions. The main research problem that was identified relates to reasons why the impact of this framework initiative is currently not appropriately understood and, as a result, not effectively and efficiently implemented. Hence, this research study evaluates the extent to which the Revitalisation Framework has affected the development of small businesses within the study area.
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Liu, Kai. "Economic reform, urban proximity and small town development in China : a tale of two towns." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13266/.
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This thesis studies small town development in contemporary China (1978-present). It focuses on the socioeconomic impact of economic reform on small town development, with particular emphasis on how gradually released market forces enable urban proximity to play different roles to determine the developmental trajectory of small towns. The research design chooses two economically prosperous towns with different degrees of urban proximity, in which fieldwork is conducted. Xihongmen town is located in suburban Beijing and Zhulin town is located in a rural area of Henan province. The research focuses on government, firms and people as three key elements of small town development, and systematic comparisons have been used as the key research strategy throughout. The main research findings are as follows: 1) Xihongmen town's government has been transformed into a sophisticated, bureaucratic and complex organisation and the role of leadership in local development has declined over the years, but a simple and hybrid governmental structure was founded in Zhulin town and the personal capacity of local leaders still plays a vital role in local development; 2) The industrial environment in Xihongmen town is dynamic and an upswing has been observed in the local industrial structure (from the primary to the secondary and tertiary sectors), but Zhulin town still relies solely on the ongoing government-led entrepreneurship; its private sectors are underdeveloped and the industrial structure remains unchanged, and some key firms have even relocated themselves to larger cities duo to the constraints of the local infrastructure; 3) The local residents of Xihongmen town enjoy much more secure livelihoods, with multiple income sources, welfare and flexible job opportunities available in the local area, but the residents of Zhulin town rely primarily on the local government to provide non-farming jobs and both income sources and job opportunities are very limited to the local area. The thesis concludes that the economic reform initiated in 1978 played a key revitalising the rural industries and hence laid the foundations for the growth of small towns. The rural reform policies gave rural areas advantages over urban ones in the early stages of the reform. The evolving policy frameworks gradually lifted the various constraints and enabled urban proximity, a previously less important factor under the centrally planned system, which became the key factor to differentiate the developmental trajectories of small towns. The thesis further explains that proximity has multi-dimensional impacts on the socioeconomic development of small towns. On the one hand, small towns that enjoy close proximity to cities can benefit enormously from economies of scale and urban spillover effects, and this advantage could be further reinforced during the course of ongoing urbanisation. On the other hand, urban proximity could also have impacts on the social structures/orders of small towns, which in turn could affect their economic outcomes. For those towns with low degrees of urban proximity, a high level of community solidarity generated from dense clan/kinship networks might also act as a force to motivate their economic development. However, the latter type is certainly more vulnerable and requires the right blend of a number of historically contingent factors, which are path-dependant and difficult to replicate.
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Qayi, Sandiswa. "Small town regeneration as a strategy for rural development : case study of Keiskammahoek." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1361.
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The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the research topic, conceptualising and defining three critical concepts that the research will focus on. The first part deals with the South African understanding of local economic development, rural development, as well as the role of small towns to local economic development. In order to present the role of small towns in rural economic development it is important to define and contextualise the current meaning and understanding of rural development and local economic development. How small towns can promote the role of rural economic development particularly in relation to their surrounding rural villages. The chapter also briefly introduces the small town of Keiskammahoek as research study area.
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White, Richard Charles Crookes. "Small town South Africa: the historical geography of selected Eastern Cape towns and current development initiatives within them." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003288.
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Small towns can be seen as the fundamental building blocks of tbe urban system. Through time, some of these towns have lost the primary reason for their existence. Some towns that have been declining or stagnating include old mining and industrial towns, such as Indwe in the Eastern Cape or Welkom in the Free State. Some towns have also changed the main focus of tbeir economy, for example, from that of mining to that of tourism, as in the case of Utrecht in Kwa-Zulu Natal (Nel, 2002). In light of the above, this thesis seeks to critically evaluate what has happened in selected small towns in the Eastern Cape. The research investigated a number of towns in the Eastern Cape, looking at the history and influence of colonisation, population dynamics, education levels, employment opportunities, migration and the influence of capitalism on the economic and social structure of the town, as well as tbe evolution of its economy. The research sample consisted of interviews witb local historians, community leaders, development agencies and individuals who were benefiting from tbe various development initiatives/project in the towns. These interviews, in conjunction with the literature identified, were conducted in the selected small towns, assessing whether development was succeeding and, in conclusion, identifying witb reference to the study sites, what was learnt. The research process generated a number of lessons that need to be taken into consideration when attempting social and economic upliftment in small towns. These include: the need for leadership, support from the local population and the need for financial assistance to support and uplift the community.KMBT_363
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Brockman, Peter M. (Peter Marik) 1962. "Destination : a development plan or public space in the small historical town of Waxholm, Sweden." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64879.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1994.Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-164).
Small towns offer a type of community different than that of large metropolitan areas. The ideals of this community are deeply rooted in its history and culture. However, the current state of small towns in general, not only in America but also in Sweden, has been transformed dramatically during the last several decades. Advancements in technology, dependence upon the automobile and the introduction of the shopping mall, have resulted in the decay of the physical and social qualities which defined these places. The public spaces of small towns, characteristically the Town square and Main street, historically have been thriving places for social interaction and places which contributed to the sense of community pride and identity which every resident could understand. Unfortunately, these are the areas which have been affected the most. This thesis project is intended to study the past, current and future state of the small town and its major public spaces, and propose, through a series of interventions, to create good quality public spaces in the form of clearly defined destinations along and at the end of the historical paths. The revitalization of these spaces, through a method of continuation of traditions and history, are vital to the future success of these places and should promote a renewed sense of community, a sense of participation and contribution to a larger whole : the town.
by Peter M. Brockman, Jr.
M.Arch.
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Owens, Michael Wesley. "A strategy for evangelizing and congregationalizing Hispanics in the rural and small-town mid-South." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Shimoni, David. "Urban development and educational change : a case study of a small development town in Israel and its high school." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431435.
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Pio, Elizabeth. "An assessment of the experience of small town local economic development in the Eastern Cape Midlands." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015464.
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This thesis is an assessment of the experience of small town local economic development in four towns namely Graaff-Reinet, Somerset East, Aberdeen and Pearston situated in the Eastern Cape Midlands, South Africa. It aims firstly to provide a critical overview of these selected small town economies before evaluating their local responses to the changing economic climate. The study is contextualized within the framework of locality development and emphasizes the heterogeneity of small towns with regards to physical, socio-economic, demographic and historical elements. From this, the original economic reasons for existence of these small towns are ascertained and then the major changes that occurred are identified. Amongst other aspects, the changes in the agricultural sector, the demographic changes particularly with regard to the significant increase in the urban population and the fluctuations in the quantity and types of businesses have all played a part in transforming the small towns' economies. As a result of these changes and many external driving forces such as changes in the regional and national economy, there are many severe challenges facing these small towns especially regarding the high unemployment rate, the associated poverty, HIV/AIDS and the low volume or absence of private investment into these localities. The responses of these small towns to the daunting challenges that they face have been considered in terms of Local Economic Development (LED) strategies that have been implemented. The LED initiatives in each town are examined in the context of their general characteristics, objectives, achievements and challenges. Emphasis is placed on Somerset East as it is the only town in the study area that has a development agency actively promoting various forms of LED. What has ultimately been established is: in all four towns, LED is not making a significant or meaningful difference and that natural market and economic forces play an important role in shaping and dictating the local economy. Somerset East is the only town where the economy could potentially be restructured with the proposed mega market-led approach to tourism and planning in the form of the Boschberg Development node. Four sectors perceived to be required for locality development are considered in this study, namely the export sector, the human resources, the local service sector and the government agencies. It is ascertained that although these sectors need to be part of a symbiotic relationship to promote and enhance economic development, they are not present in all the towns and as a result development, at both a household and a macro town level, is further hindered. Ultimately, these small towns in the Eastern Cape Midlands defy the notion that they are dying. 'Growth' and 'decline' have been two central features throughout this thesis and one of the biggest contradictions and challenges that these small towns face is the population growth with a declining or stagnant economy that cannot accommodate the increased number of people.
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Kakwambi, J. N. N. "Enhancing the contribution of small and medium-sized enterprises to local economic development in Oshakati Town, Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71728.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 1997, the Government of the Republic of Namibia launched the Policy and Programme for Small Business Development. The Ministry of Trade and Industry at the time was assigned the responsibility, together with several different stakeholders, to implement this policy. The launch of such a programme was a step taken to recognise the importance of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector in local economic development (LED). The core of LED transformation and the implementation of any local authority is the creation of the private sector - a primary source of development – and support of the SME sector in particular. SMEs are considered one of the main driving forces in LED. The current study, which was conducted within Oshakati Town, attempted to study the role of SMEs in the LED sector and what challenges are hampering the SME sector to participate fully and to make a serious contribution towards LED implementation at the local authority level. The study considers to what extent the Namibian government and local government policies supports the SME sector development and contributes to LED and assessed issues regarding the sustainability of the measures engaged in by the government, and especially by the local government. Further, the researcher also attempted to determine how the SME sector in Namibia has responded to the LED implementation that regards SME development as the key to social and economic development through reducing poverty and increasing employment opportunities. The findings of the study indicates that, despite the nationally recognised importance of the SME sector in terms of LED, the sector still faces major challenges in regional and local government. The challenges of business entry (start-up capital), survival and growth are often substantial. The availability of financial resources and the lack of capacity to handle complex business management issues, as well as business premises also regarding the price of business land are all important in this regard. There is a continuous need to improve and maintain the required elements that bring about a good enterprises climate.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die regering van die Republiek van Namibië het in 1997 die Beleid en Program vir Kleinsakeontwikkeling bekend gestel. Die destydse Ministerie van Handel en Nywerheid is saam met etlike verskillende belanghebbendes met die praktiese inwerkingstelling daarvan belas. Met dié beleidstuk het die regering oënskynlik ’n tree nader gekom aan die erkenning van die belang van die klein-en-middelslagonderneming- (KMO-)sektor in plaaslike ekonomiese ontwikkeling (PEO). Die grondslag van PEO-transformasie en die suksesvolle funksionering van enige plaaslike owerheid is die koestering van die privaat sektor – synde ’n vername bron van ontwikkeling – sowel as steun vir die KMO-sektor in die besonder. KMO’s is bekend as een van die hoofdryfkragte agter PEO. Hierdie studie, wat in Oshakati onderneem is, ondersoek die rol van KMO’s in PEO, en die uitdagings waarvoor die KMO-sektor te staan kom om as volwaardige deelnemer aan die ekonomie ’n werklike bydrae tot PEO-inwerkingstelling op plaaslikeregeringsvlak te lewer. Die studie besin oor die mate waarin Namibiese staats- en plaaslikeregeringsbeleid die ontwikkeling van die KMO-sektor sowel as dié sektor se bydrae tot PEO ondersteun. Die volhoubaarheid van die maatreëls wat die regering, en veral plaaslike regering, ingestel het, word ook verken. Voorts probeer die navorser vasstel hoe die Namibiese KMO-sektor gereageer het op die ontwikkeling van dié tipe ondernemings as sleutel tot plaaslike maatskaplike en ekonomiese ontwikkeling deur armoedeverligting en werkskepping. Ondanks die nasionaal erkende belang van die KMO-sektor in die strewe na PEO, kom die sektor volgens hierdie studie klaarblyklik steeds voor groot uitdagings op streeks- sowel as plaaslike vlak te staan. Dikwels is saketoetrede (aanvangskapitaal), -oorlewing en -groei wesenlike hindernisse. Die beskikbaarheid van geldelike hulpbronne, die gebrek aan vermoë om ingewikkelde sakebestuurskwessies te hanteer en die verkryging van ’n sakeperseel, ook wat eiendomspryse betref, is alles tersaaklike kwessies in dié verband. Dus is daar ’n dringende én voortdurende behoefte aan die verbetering en instandhouding van die vereiste elemente vir ’n goeie sakeklimaat.
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Shenton, Stephanie. "Sense of place, social dynamics and development : A case study of Nieu Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176883.
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Dobson, Suzanne L. "Coastal community development in the Caribbean via small boat cruising tourism, an examination of sustainable tourism development in George Town, Exuma, Bahamas." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ57219.pdf.
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Goodwin, Paul Matthew. "Fringe town : revitalization on the margin, assessing small downtown revival and catalytic real estate development feasibility on the urban fringe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99101.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2015.Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 120-122).
This thesis has sought to construct a diagnostic study of small downtown revitalization in Somersworth, New Hampshire, and Berwick, Maine. To develop a holistic understanding of downtown revitalization in Somersworth-Berwick, and other such small towns on the urban fringe, this research was divided into three broad parts: [1] local contextualization of Somersworth-Berwick and empirical studies of small town revitalization, [2] a local market analysis, and [3] a site plan and financial feasibility model. The methods used to complete this research included focused interviews, market analysis, and financial modeling. These methods are coupled with a review of literature and sought to answer what potential market-based downtown revitalization strategies are and how economically and financially viable these might be in the context of Somersworth-Berwick. While this thesis has fashioned a robust framework specifically in the context of Somersworth-Berwick's downtown revitalization, its methodological approach and findings are applicable for similar small and fringe communities. The findings of this thesis highlight that market-based revitalization efforts, such as catalytic real estate development, do hold promise in advancing revitalization efforts yet often require subsidy in the face of weak real estate markets and market failure. As such, broad-based and non-traditional revitalization efforts are key elements to a holistic and effective downtown revitalization plan.
by Paul Matthew Goodwin.
M.C.P.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
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Ghosh, Sudeshna. "Major Employers in Small Towns: Modeling the Spatio-temporal Impacts on Land Use and Land Cover Changes at a Regional Scale." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378196039.
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Eriksson, Maja, and Ida Karlsson. "Stora visioner för ett litet centrum -En diskursiv analys av centrumutveckling i Karlsborg." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-85530.
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Det offentliga rummet är under konstant förändring och i Sverige pågår det stora satsningar för att bevara levande stadskärnor, framförallt genom bevarande av kommersiell handel. Oavsett storlek på städer tenderar centrumutveckling i Sverige att grundas på liknande mål och visioner, att det är nationella och internationella ideal och trender som styr. Utifrån den bakgrunden är syftet med vår uppsats att studera hur en av Sveriges mindre städer, Karlsborg, planlägger för att utveckla sitt centrum. För att besvara uppsatsens syfte genom studiens gång har följande frågeställningar utformats:● Hur presenteras problem som centrumutvecklingen ska lösa i kommunens styrdokument?● Vilka är de underliggande faktorerna för centrumutveckling i Karlsborg?● Hur är Karlsborgs framtidsplaner för sin centrumutveckling anpassade efter tätortens kontext?Till vår hjälp att analysera Karlsborgs uttalade planer och visioner för deras centrumutveckling har vi använt den diskursanalytiska metoden What's the problem represented to be? framtagen av Carol Lee Bacchi. Analysmetoden är uppbyggd av sex analysfrågor som gett oss möjlighet till att förstå vad som är det egentliga problemet som ligger bakom Karlsborgs centrumutveckling. Resultatet av vår undersökning visade på att den dominerande problempresentationen för Karlsborgs centrumutveckling var att de vill arbeta bort den splittrade centrumbild som finns idag. Den splittrade bilden av centrum ses som ett hot mot Karlsborgs tillväxt och attraktivitet, vilket är två av de underliggande faktorerna till att kommunen centrumutvecklar. Det går också att se kopplingar till den splittrade centrumbilden i Karlsborgs geografiska utformning och historiska framväxt. I kommunens beskrivningar för att arbeta för en enad bild är vår tolkning att de influerats av rådande normer och andra centrumutvecklingsprojekt, samtidigt som de i viss mån tar tillvara på sina egna förutsättningar och vill planlägga efter vad som kan anses bäst utifrån dem.
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DeCort, Amanda J. "A Preservation Plan for the Fairfield Avenue Historic District in Bellevue, Kentucky." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1086102239.
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Quesada, Lemay Llorente. "The role of provincial government support in the development of black-owned small tourism businesses in the city of Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Since 1994, tourism has become one of the most benefited industries among the overall of the South African economy. However, the industry is still far from being an example of transformations. The tourism industry in South Africa is still dominated by white-owned large enterprises, leaving limited space for the development of black-owned small tourism businesses. The existing literature identifies that government support represents a key variable regarding small tourism business development, specifically among black entrepreneurs. This study evaluated the role of provincial government support in the development of black-owned small tourism businesses in the South Africa, with a focus on Cape Town.
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Shaw, Donald J. "A process for the development of proposals for the continued vitality of a long-standing church in small town rural America." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Warsame, Idil. "Practices for co-productive planning modes: Urban development in Cape Town : A case study based on the implementation of a design and building development incubator." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259678.
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Together with a steadily increasing urban population, South Africa and the city of Cape Town is facing continuously expanding informal settlements and communities with no access to basic human services or adequate housing. There’s an urgent need to design, plan and implement alternative and creative approaches to help stimulate an equal, inclusive and sustainable urban development and strategic spatial planning. Integrating methods and processes that includes participation, communication and collaboration by incorporating civil society and local community members in urban planning practices is one way of promoting sustainable and equal spatial growth. Co-production is a concept used in urban development theory that embraces this in and can be described as a communicative form of spatial planning where state, planners and citizens mutually interact in the planning process. In consideration of these challenges, this thesis aims to apprehend how marginalized, local communities in Cape Town can be included in matters regarding urban development and spatial planning practically and if co-production can be used to define and explain this form of approach. Therefore, this thesis is based on a case study research of the Better Living Challenge (BLC) incubator, a two-week long project in Cape Town, which supported 15 informal builders in improving and developing their designing, building and marketing skills. The practical implementation of this incubator and its process has been examined to determine if the theory of co-production can be used to outline the project and understand the results emerging from it. The incubator proved to be successful in several ways and was met with impressive feedback from the stakeholders. It was also followed with difficulties and restrictions like power dynamics and tension. The conclusions that were made highlights that the incubator can be defined as an alternative and unorthodox co-productive approach based on the aim and lay-out of the process.
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Irwin, Pamela Margaret. "The development of resilience in two cohorts of older, single women, living on their own, in a small rural town in Australia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e6820ead-3b23-4b87-8f68-ef4404a8c40c.
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Australian rural women are stereotypically perceived as stoic, self-reliant, and used to handling adversity. Since this iconic portrayal of resilience is traditionally (and contemporaneously) located in the harsh countryside, it is surprising that there are few articles examining this environment, person, and resilience nexus. This thesis addresses this omission by exploring the development of resilience in two cohorts of single, older women, living on their own in rural Australia. Accordingly, an ethnographic study was conducted in a small Australian town in 2012. Documentary evidence, participant observation, and interviews captured the separate and intersecting environment and person related contributors to resilience, mediated and moderated through situational relations over time. The results revealed the persistence and reinforcement of rural historical cultural stereotypes about older women, and the systematic exclusion of younger women retirees who chose to move to the town but did not fit these embedded cultural norms. When confronted with a societal attitude that socially constrains their social identity and role, and boxes them in, the older old women pragmatically accepted their situation, and successfully adapted to their new circumstances. For them, resilience is a reactive response to regain and maintain equilibrium in their lives. Conversely, the late middle-aged retirees were boxed out from actively participating and contributing to the community; for these women, resilience is equated to resignation and endurance. And as there is a symbiotic relationship between a town and its residents, this community represents a constraining force, both in terms of its stalled response to sociodemographic and structural change, and its passive indifference to the older women as exemplars of resilience. In effect, the community exerts an oppressive, dampening effect on the women's agentic resiliency; thus contradicting the prevailing literature where resilience is widely portrayed as a positive and active agentic concept.
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Mbinda, Bukelwa. "Constraints facing small medium and micro enterprises in Khayelitsha, Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2048.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.The aim of this study was to determine the extent of constraints to entrepreneurial development in the townships supporting the Cape Town economy, specifically that of Khayelitsha, and to establish whether any government incentives were available to develop this township economy. These small, medium and micro sized businesses face numerous constraints. The vital role of small businesses in stimulating economic activity, in poverty alleviation, and in the raising of living standards, has been widely recognised in most countries. In fact, in several countries, small businesses are used as catalysts to generate economic activities within relatively poor communities. The City of Cape Town has developed economic initiatives to provide assistance to entrepreneurs with recommendations on how innovations should be encouraged to help entrepreneurs in such poor communities as Khayelitsha to start new businesses, and to create jobs. In order to obtain information on the Khayelitsha business community both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Questionnaires were employed to answer open and closed ended questions dealing with economic activities in the area, as well as interviews with formal and informal business persons. Generally, the findings reveal numerous constraints of trade facing businesses in Khayelitsha including governmental restrictions, lack of a skilled workforce, poor infrastructure, and services delivery. The recommendations made could lead to an improvement in operating conditions as this study argues that the existence of positive business conditions, in terms of social, economic, and personal factors, are necessary for business ventures and entrepreneurs to succeed. However, innovation is essential for small businesses to be able to respond effectively to the changing environment that has been triggered by globalisation forces.
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Drummond, Fiona Jane. "Cultural clusters as a local economic development strategy in rural, small town areas: the Sarah Baartman District in the Eastern Cape of South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/71568.
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It is increasingly recognized that the cultural and creative industries (CCIs) can play an important role in economic growth and development. Governments around the world, including South Africa, are implementing culture‐led economic growth and development strategies on national and regional scales. CCIs tend to cluster around large cities because of existing hard and soft infrastructure such as networking advantages and access to skilled labour, however, much less is known about the potential of the CCIs to drive rural development. This thesis thus investigates the potential of the CCIs to cluster in small towns and rural areas. Moreover, it examines the relationship between the CCIs and socio‐economic development. The CCIs have been touted as a catalyst for economic growth and development and so have often been used in urban regeneration schemes. The Sarah Baartman District (SBD) of South Africa’s Eastern Cape has identified culture as a potential new economic driver. Establishing a new development path is necessary as the former economic mainstay, agriculture, has declined in the region, creating poverty and unemployment problems. However, the SBD has only small towns which, according to the literature, are not suited to CCI clustering. Despite this, there is evidence of cultural clustering in some of the SBD’s small towns like Nieu Bethesda and Bathurst. This research therefore conducted an audit of the CCIs in the district and used geographic information systems (GIS) to map their locations by UNESCO Framework of Cultural Statistics (FCS) domains in order to determine the extent to which clustering has occurred in a small town setting. The audit identified 1 048 CCIs operating in the district and determined that clustering is possible within some small towns, depending on their demographic, economic, social, geographic and historic characteristics. For small towns where clusters exist or the potential for cluster formation is present, the domains in which the town holds a comparative advantage, based on domain proportions and location quotients, should be pursued for local economic development (LED). In this case, Visual Arts and Crafts and Cultural Heritage were prominent throughout the district while Design and Creative Services and Performance and Celebration had small regional concentrations. Theory suggests that the presence of CCIs is linked to higher levels of economic development as the creative class is more likely to be attracted to more highly developed areas, usually large cities. Furthermore, spillover effects from cultural activity promotes further development under the virtuous cycle. To investigate the relationship between CCI clusters and socio‐economic development, the locational data of municipal level CCI numbers is overlaid with a regional development indicator, a socio‐economic status index, which is based on census data and includes economic and social components. Results show that there is a general positive trend of CCIs locating in larger numbers (clustering) in areas with higher socio‐economic development performances.
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Nkonya, Nolubabalo Grace. "An exploratory study of the ability of small, micro, medium enterprises development to create jobs and serve as centres of skills development in the construction industry : a case study in King WIlliams Town." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018927.
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The significance of SMME development as a route to creating jobs and enhancing skills development has been and is still on top of South Africa‟s developmental agenda. The escalating unemployment rate and skills shortage to meet with demands of globalization compels the government to develop strategies to respond to the crisis. It is eighteen years since South Africa became a democratic country but the job creation and skills development sectors remain in a crisis. Stagnant economic growth is as a result of high unemployment which is a factor of skills shortage in the black South African labour force. The government creates an enabling environment by developing flexible regulations for equal participation of historically disadvantaged individuals to participate the in mainstream economic activities. Public investment through infrastructure development is one of the labour intensive programmes to promote SMME development, job creation and skills development. It is against this background that this research aims to explore the effect of SMME development in creating jobs and its ability to serve as centres of skills development. Also, it is against this background that this study aims to assess the extent of government support in creating an enabling environment for SMME development to achieve its ultimate goals.
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Manfio, Vanessa. "O PAPEL DA CAMNPAL NA (RE) ESTRUTURAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO DE NOVA PALMA-RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9335.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorSmall towns play important urban roles for local and regional development; the few urban facilities are enough to meet population dynamics. From this perspective, the research analyzes the (re) structuring of urban Nova Palma, as well as new urban roles connected to the CAMNPAL. It is through this cooperative that City is improved and new urban forms and functions will initiate urban expansion promoting the local / regional development, connecting the town urban to a global trade network. The city, which arises due to the need for agriculture and agricultural trade, has today as the main urban role: the marketing and processing of agricultural products in the Region of the Fourth Colony of Italian Immigration, and as a result of this role, new activities and services will make up the urban landscape of New Palma. The continued expansion of the city depends on government policies, actions of local stakeholders and society regarding local potentialities.
As pequenas cidades apresentam papéis urbanos importantes para o desenvolvimento local e regional, os poucos equipamentos urbanos são suficientes para atender a dinâmica da população. Nessa perspectiva, a pesquisa analisa a (re) estruturação urbana de Nova Palma, bem como os novos papéis urbanos ligados a CAMNPAL. É através desta cooperativa que a cidade se vê impulsionada e novas formas e funções urbanas vão desencadear uma expansão urbana promovendo o desenvolvimento local/regional, conectando o urbano novapalmense a uma rede comercial global. A cidade que surge em função da agricultura e da necessidade de comércio agrícola, tem nos dias de hoje, o principal papel urbano: a comercialização e beneficiamento dos produtos agrícolas da Região da Quarta Colônia de Imigração Italiana, e em decorrência deste papel, novas atividades e serviços passam a compor o cenário urbano de Nova Palma. A expansão contínua da cidade dependerá das políticas públicas, das ações dos atores locais e da sociedade em relação das potencialidades locais.
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Catchpole, Antonia. "The small towns of medieval Gloucestershire : origins and development." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419695.
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Seraj, T. M. "The role of small towns in rural development : A case study in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379076.
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Panneerselvam, A. "Role of small towns and intermediate cities in regional development in India." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388736.
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Omoja, Lawrence Onwura. "The role of small towns in rural development in Borno State, Nigeria." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261304.
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Meekyaa, U. J. "Housing and urban development policy for small towns in Nigeria : An evaluative and prospective study for housing and urban development in small towns with case studies in Benue State." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376827.
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Barnett, Shane. "Development of a Tow Capacity Test Device for Small Unmanned Vehicles." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30968.
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Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) will increasingly be used for tasks such as retrieving injured soldiers from a battlefield, transporting supplies, and towing other small vehicles and payloads. To date, the unmanned test community has not standardized on an apparatus or test operating procedure (TOP) specifically for evaluating the towing capacity of small unmanned ground vehicles. Draw-bar testing has been adapted by several groups to quantify small unmanned ground vehicle (SUGV) tow capacity; however, these devices are inherently limited to measuring peak static towing force. This paper describes an alternative method using a variable-resistance tow sled for quantifying the dynamic towing capacity of SUGVs. The tow sled contains a frontal skid plate and a rear axle and wheel arrangement. A weighted carriage is transferred from the rear of the sled to the front of the sled by a cable geared to the rear axle. As the sled is pulled along the ground, towing resistance increases in a controlled linear fashion. An encoder on the rear axle and a load cell in the tow chain provide motion and force data. Testing of the tow sled has been conducted on a TALON SUGV at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Small Robot Test Facility and a MATILDA SUGV at the Joint Unmanned Systems Test, Experimentation, and Research (JOUSTER) site.Master of Science
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Charles, Cecelia Mou. "Do small towns have the potential for generating development? : the situation in Kenya." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72247.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1985.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: leaves 61-64.
by Cecelia Mou Charles.
M.C.P.
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Reynolds, Kian Andrew. "The economic potential of small towns in the Eastern Cape Midlands." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007492.
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Small town economic decline has been experienced in many countries across the globe and can be explained through Geographical Economics, particularly the New Economic Geography, which suggests that agglomeration occurs as a natural outcome of high transportation and transactional costs. Yet despite the economic rationale behind their decline it is not an economic inevitability and there is evidence of towns in the United States, New Zealand and Canada that have reversed their economic fortunes. [n South Africa approximately 5 million people live in the 500 small towns and many more live in their rural hinterlands where povelty levels are extremely high within a national context. Within this context the thesis examines the current economic status and potential growth prospects of small towns in the Eastern Cape Midlands in South Africa in order to identify critical growth dri vers within small town economies. Five small towns were selected for the study via means of a purposive sample and were subjected to two regional modelling techniques, namely Shift-Share Analysis and Economic Base Theory to determine their current economic trends and past growth patterns, while a Social Accounting Matrix was utilised to identify important sectoral linkages, potential avenues for growth and evident leakages within small town economies. The sampled towns experienced negative economic growth trends between 1996 and 200 I, the primary loss in employment being accounted for by regional economic changes as opposed to national or industrial trends. The decline was more severely felt in primary/industrial sectors of the economy; evidence was found that manufacturing activities declined in all of the centres, despite the industry growing nationally. The Social Accounting Matrix highlighted strong links between the agricultural and services sectors within the national economy. Thus, considering that agriculture was identified as the primary economic driver within the region and the services sector the largest employer in all of the towns it is evident that the economic potential of the towns is to a certain extent linked to the success of agriculture in their hinterlands. Seven growth drivers, namely size, local economic development, existing markets, existing industries, infrastructure, municipal leadership and local entrepreneurs and were linked via means of a scoring framework to the sampled towns' economic potential. Whilst the results of actually determining a towns economic potential are not definitive the study does provide useful insights about the impact and potential role played by these drivers. Linked to this scoring framework and to Cook's (1971) hierarchy of places in the Eastern Cape Midlands four categories of towns were identified in the commercial falming areas and recommendations were made about appropriate developmental interventions at a municipal level, such as the need to retain local entrepreneurs and to invest in social amenities. Considering the evident need for development in rural areas the study provides critical insights into how to prioritise development strategies within small rural towns in commercial farming areas. In addition it would enable municipalities to critically reflect on their municipal Local Economic Development strategies and the relevance within the context of small towns.KMBT_363
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Ng, Wai-man. "Village revitalisation/disintegration : an assessment of suburbanisation, land administration and small house development in the New Territories /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18154621.
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Justice, Robert A. "Historic Preservation Leading to Heritage Tourism as an Economic Development Strategy for Small Tennessee Towns." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2066.
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Historic preservation has been a successful economic development tool that has led to heritage tourism in some Tennessee towns but not in others. The problem studied was to determine if there was a set of tangible attributes a town must possess to be successful in using historic preservation as an economic development tool. Through an extensive literature review, 59 predictor variables were identified and arranged into 6 research questions looking at the tangible attributes related to town demographics, geography, organizational structure, historic preservation organizations, heritage tourism organizations, and town financial structure. Data were collected from a mailed survey of 32 town managers. The response rate was 68.8% (N = 22). Secondary sources, such as U.S. Census data, were used to collect data when those sources appeared consistent and mandatory. The study used logistic regression analysis to compare successful towns, defined as those towns in the upper third of study towns for tourism expenditures per capita, with less than successful towns. The 32 study towns met the criteria of having a 2003 population of fewer than 10,000 and a nationally-recognized historic district that coincided with the towns' central business districts. The results of the logistic regression analysis on the individual predictor variables indicated that 5 were statistically significant--median age, distance to a major city, restaurant beer sales, Grand Division, and merchants' association. Constraining the final predictive model (Garson, 2006) to no more than 1 variable per 10 cases 3 led to the inclusion of median age and merchants' association as the 2 predictor variables that provided the highest predictive value of correctly classified towns (95.8%). In summary, this study is inconclusive in determining whether historic preservation leads to heritage tourism and can be used as an economic development tool by small Tennessee towns. However, it has been established that 5 attributes or characteristics of small towns does contribute to the probability of success and that median age and the existence of a merchants' association proved to be the best predictive model.
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Condron, Frances Mary. "Roman small towns in the East Midlands : a regional study of settlement development and interaction." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34926.
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The urbanisation programme instigated by the Romans as they conquered the western provinces resulted in a network of chartered towns and numerous slighter settlements, popularly titled 'small towns'. Much research has focussed on the wide range of sites encompassed by the term 'small town'; Burnham's work has provided a framework for analysing these sites, based on settlement morphology and functions. Concentrating on the evidence of small towns alone can answer many questions about appearance, development, functions and complexity, but cannot indicate the audiences at which a wide range of activities was aimed. This thesis concentrates on the small towns of the East Midlands, using existing analytical frameworks to establish a hierarchy, and testing this by exploring the nature and strength of relations with neighbouring settlements. Small towns are placed in their landscape, and evaluated as administrative, regional, local market and service centres. Investigation is carried out in three stages: (i) detailed comparative analysis of the small towns alone; (ii) comparing small town-country relations, selecting a sample area of fixed size around each small town; (iii) assessment of the region as a whole, placing small towns in regional economic, administrative and religious networks. The balance of current academic opinion is that small towns served as local socio-economic centres. However, this thesis shows that few small towns In the East Midlands developed into market centres, the rest being more satisfactorily explained as rural, rather than central, places. Moreover, not all specialist production in some small towns need have been aimed at the locality, but a more distant market. Although many small towns originated as sites of specialist production, or were religious or administrative centres, one cannot assume that their continued existence relied on the evolution of local trade and exchange networks centred upon them.
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Nothnagel, Emil. "Developmental local authorities in small rural towns of the Northern Cape - The case of Victoria west." University of Western Cape, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7752.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdminFor the last seventeen years I have been actively involved in local government management and I have also been schooled in this academic field. I made this milieu my career as I have an intense yearning to stand in service of the general community, - more specifically the rural communities in South Africa. Practical engagement in this field also taught me that democracy goes hand in hand with urbanisation and, if not countered, the pauperisation of rural districts. The result of this is impoverishment and increasing unemployment.
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Morris, Gordon Ralph. "People helping people : an assessment of the market towns and related initiatives and the extent to which they addressed rural poverty." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3076.
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This study evaluates, by means of face to face interviews and a postal survey, aspects of the Market Towns Initiative (MTI), the Beacon Towns Programme (BTP), and related programmes of community-led work, the majority of which arose from the British Government’s Rural White Paper of 2000. Particular emphasis is placed on: participants’ experiences, achievements and opinions about the programmes; their understanding of rural poverty; the extent to which they thought that the programmes should have had poverty alleviation as an aim, and to which they believed that the programmes had helped to identify and address rural poverty. A review of the literature relating to rural policy reveals that political interest (and, therefore, policymakers’ interest) in the functions of England’s country – “market” - towns, and their place in the settlement hierarchy, has waxed and waned since the Second World War. During this period the nature of government, in particular the balance between the various tiers, has tilted in favour of central government. Consequently, the powers available to County and District/Borough Councils, if not Town/Parish Councils, have reduced. Central government has increasingly looked to partnerships formed from public, voluntary, and private sector organizations to implement policy. It is governance, therefore, rather than government, that has grown in importance in recent years. The MTI/BT programmes were both designed for implementation by broad-based partnerships of professionals and volunteers. The literature also reveals that the post-war period has seen research into poverty become increasingly nuanced and sophisticated, with definitions moving away from the relatively simple to understand (eg lack of money) to more complicated notions of disadvantage, deprivation, and social exclusion. The factors that affect rural poverty have, since the 1970s, been remarkably constant (eg access to services, affordable housing, low income self-employment). The problems of rural poverty have not been solved. It is argued, based on the results of the data acquired from this research, that community-led development programmes such as the MTI/BTP, have the potential to inform the development of policy and practice relating to community-led development and poverty alleviation, to add to the body of knowledge about rural poverty, and to improve the overall understanding of the functions of England’s small towns. Despite the potential of partnerships to effect change, the important role of local authorities as democratically accountable organizations, and contributors to partnerships’ success and effectiveness, is noted.
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Arishi, Ali M. "Towards a development strategy : the role of small towns in urbanization and rural development planning in Jizan province, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Salford, 1991. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14739/.
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One of the most striking features of the spatial pattern of development in most developing countries is the wide difference between what occurs in urban areas and rural areas, particularly in those countries which have made a rapid transition from a traditional agriculturally based economy to a modern oil-based economy. The differences can be seen in the high concentration of development services in the larger urban centres, and the overshadowing of the larger rural areas. Obviously, the residents of urban centres not only enjoy high incomes, but they also have greater opportunities to use services and facilities than does the overwhelming majority of the rural population who live in scattered villages and hamlets. Jizan province as a rural area provides a classical example as is reflected by the wide gap in the spatial pattern of development in Saudi Arabia, not only between the province and the rest of the country, but also between the urban centres and rural areas within the province. In fact, this area is characterized by rich natural resources, particularly for agricultural development, as well as by a high population density. However, it is still one of the backward areas in the country, and it is characterized by traditional subsistence methods of agriculture, low incomes, low standards of living, and a high rate of rural emigration to urban areas for better jobs and social services. Recently, the development plans have initiated a system of urban development centres in the hope that the wide gap between regions and urban and rural areas will be reduced. Unfortunately, this strategy has clearly proven inadequate in providing a comprehensive regional development policy to solve the rural problems and stimulate the rural economy in the province. It is important to note that agriculture is the basic and predominant activity of the rural population in this area. Therefore, the development of this sector is not only desirable but also feasible for the purpose of making rural areas economically and socially more attractive by increasing farmers' incomes, and creating work opportunities as well as improving other sectors that depend on agricultural products. However, agricultural development by itself is not a sufficient basis for rural development that will encourage farmers to stay in their villages. This sector should be provided with support services that enhance the quality of life such as education, health care, water, and electricity supplies. In order to achieve the rural development objectives, the regional development policy in the province should be broken down, by an extension of the urban settlement hierarchy, to include the role •Ssmall towns. Since the larger urban centres have not generated the development process in rural areas, the small towns may play a positive and effective role in the provision of economic and social services in remote areas as rural service centres. This indeed is the main aim of the study. The structure of the study is divided into three parts. The first part demonstrates the theoretical framework of the development strategies, and their failure in relation to rural development. It also discusses the role of small towns as an alternative policy for rural development. Moreover, the spatial pattern of development in Saudi Arabia was also examined. The second part provides a comprehensive geographical analysis of Jizan province. Physical environment, socio-economic conditions, and rural settlement patterns are discussed in order to provide a general perspective of information about the study area. The rural problems that relate to agricultural development and the provision of public and community services are also examined. Indeed, these analyses show that the rural problems range from inadequate provision of services where they exist, to a complete absence of services and facilities in larger rural areas. This part also examines urbanization and the urban and rural relationship in order to see how the role of small towns could provide an appropriate extension of the urban hierarchy within the existing urban system. The third part of the study deals with the policy of small towns as a planning tool for solving rural problems. Factor analysis has been used for classification of small towns. This method shows that the rural market centres have a great potential for accelerating the development process as central places. Programmes and implementation policies to establish the new role of small towns are discussed at the end of this part.
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Wideman, Maureen. "A community development approach to heritage tourism in small towns, a case study of Millbrook, Ontario." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21707.pdf.
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Keal, Duncan. "An investigation of changing socio-economic conditions, opportunities and development interventions in small Eastern Cape towns in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005516.
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Small towns internationally and in South Africa are becoming increasingly marginalised, and they are often experiencing economic downturn, demographic shifts and a rearticulation of their role in the urban hierarchy. In the case of South Africa many of these small towns are also faced with low levels of social development. The urgent need to address such conditions is evident by the fact that a large proportion of the South African population resides in small towns, and their surrounding hinterlands. This said, there are examples of small towns, internationally and in South Africa which, through the use of various Local Economic Development actions, have managed to remain sustainable, and in some cases become economically viable localities once again. In light of the above, the research conducted for this thesis seeks first to establish the socio-economic changes occurring over time in three small towns in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, namely Stutterheim, Bedford and Hamburg. Secondly, the research aims to identify the nature of LED activities in the three small towns, highlighting those factors contributing to the success of LED initiatives as well as those factors inhibiting LED in small towns. This is done with the intention of developing future lessons for LED in small towns. The research was conducted using a mix of qualitative and quantitative data generated through the interviews with key role players in each town, as well as secondary data sources. Findings from the research suggest that the small towns investigated are characterised by low levels of socio-economic development. In addition, it appears that the development opportunities for the towns are limited. Current initiatives are being driven by private role players with local government being largely uninvolved. Such initiatives are limited in nature, with benefits only felt by small groups of the local community. However, examples do exist of where LED has successfully benefited the broader spheres of the local community, thus suggesting that if implemented properly such an approach does have potential to assist in the socio-economic development of small towns. In light of this, a number of lessons are identified for LED in small towns, including the need for strong leadership, community involvement, partnerships between role players, and planning for project sustainability.
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Atkinson, D., and M. Ingle. "A multi-dimensional analysis of local economic development in Graaff-Reinet, Eastern Cape." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 8, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/547.
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Published ArticleThis article presents the results of a business survey conducted in the Great Karoo town of Graaff-Reinet. The survey solicited the views of business owners on a range of economic issues. The findings also draw on a number of in-depth Midlands-Karoo studies, carried out in the early 1970s, in order to add nuance to the prevailing understanding of the factors that influence local economic development (LED) in small towns. It is argued that LED is a multi-facetted phenomenon. It requires a holistic approach that recognises its inherent complexity, involving factors such as local leadership, diversification, the local skills base, in-migration, corporate investment, and entrepreneurship.
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Orbuch, Susan R. (Susan Rachel). "Built communities? : a social evaluation of the built environment in three small scale mixed-use developments in suburban/town locales." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76419.
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Hessel-Garten, Rebecca. "Development of a manual for small towns and rural areas to develop a hazardous materials emergency plan." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9913.
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Owusu, George. "The role of district capitals in regional development : linking small towns, rural-urban linkages and decentralisation in Ghana." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2190.
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Paper II African Studies Quarterly is a publication of the Center for African Studies at the University of Florida. All materials contained within the journal are expressly copyrighted by the University of Florida Board of Trustees, a public corporation of the State of Florida. Permission is hereby granted for individuals to download articles from the journal for their own personal use, as long as this statement accompanies all materials. Opinions herein are those of the authors solely and do not reflect the views of ASQ, the University of Florida Board of Trustees or the State of Florida
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Courtney, Paul Richard. "Small towns and the rural economy : a study of their contemporary functions and potential role in rural development." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/370.
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As Rural Development assumes a greater importance in European policy, one strategy to stimulate economic activity across a broad range of sectors is to use small towns as a focal point for economic development. This may be particularly relevant in the UK where there is increasing concern over the future vitality and viability of these towns. However, such a strategy rests on the assumption that there is a strong level of interdependence between small towns and their surrounding areas. While their historical legacy suggests close integration, developments in the wider economy and resultant socio-economic restructuring have undermined the traditional functions of small towns and may have severed many of these local linkages. Methodologies are developed to measure the size and spatial distribution of economic linkages in and around two small towns in rural England; one located in the 'remote' area of South Devon, and one in more 'accessible' Buckinghamshire. Results from two validation exercises indicate that self-completion methods are a useful means of obtaining spatial economic data from producers and consumers. Analysis compares the degree of economic integration of the towns into their respective local economies, and identifies key characteristics of firms and households that are good predictors of strong local integration. Results show that the strength of local economic integration is a function of economic and demographic structure as well as proximity to urban centres. This illustrates that the functional role of small towns in the economy is a more useful criterion on which to base policy recommendations than is demographic size. The town in the 'remote' rural area is found to be more strongly integrated into its locality than the town in the 'accessible' area; indicating that benefits of intervention are more likely to 'trickle out' into the surrounding area in the former case. Further, the minimal role of agriculture in the local economy implies that traditional measures of farm support are no longer likely to provide a valuable method of supporting rural communities. A useful area for subsequent enquiry would be to employ an 'integration index' to develop settlement typologies so that more generalisations can be made to aid the process of policy formulation.
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Martens, Claire. "The governance and management of commonages in three small towns in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1591/.
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