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Journal articles on the topic 'Small town development'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Roundy, Philip T. "“Small town” entrepreneurial ecosystems." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 9, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 238–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-09-2016-0040.

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Purpose Entrepreneurial ecosystems are receiving growing attention from scholars, practitioners and policy-makers in both developed and developing countries. Studies of this phenomenon have focused almost exclusively on ecosystems in large, urbanized regions and metropolitan areas, located primarily in developed economies. However, the prevalence of small cities across the globe and the increasing acknowledgment that entrepreneurship in small towns is a key determinant of their economic development and rejuvenation suggests that entrepreneurial ecosystems research would benefit from a broader lens of inquiry. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to introduce a framework for studying entrepreneurial ecosystems in small towns. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper introduces the concept of small town entrepreneurial ecosystems (STEEs), draws from a wide-ranging set of disciplines to delineate the ways in which small town ecosystems are similar to and different than their larger counterparts and theorizes about several strategies STEEs use to overcome their limitations. Findings It is theorized that entrepreneurship in small cities is best conceptualized as the outcome of an ecosystem, which means that although small towns may not have some of the same key components as entrepreneurial ecosystems in large urban centers, other elements of the ecosystem may be able to bolster these deficiencies. It also suggests that those attempting to create or develop small town ecosystems may need to be entrepreneurial in the way they attract, view and utilize resources. Finally, it is theorized that small cities may be able to engage in several strategies to overcome their limitations and create vibrant entrepreneurial communities. Originality/value The theory developed produces implications for scholars focused on entrepreneurial ecosystems, economic development and emerging economies and suggests practical implications for policy-makers and development organizations seeking to improve the economic landscape of small cities.

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2

Wang, Xueqin, Shenghe Liu, Olivier Sykes, and Chengxin Wang. "Characteristic Development Model: A Transformation for the Sustainable Development of Small Towns in China." Sustainability 11, no. 13 (July 9, 2019): 3753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133753.

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In recent years, the construction of small towns in China has faced many challenges, hindering the sustainable development of small towns. This paper proposes that the traditional development model of small towns no longer meets the current demands, and it urgently needs updating. In the past two years, there has been an increase in the construction of characteristic small towns in China. This is a good beginning for the transformation development of small towns and would bring new opportunities. However, some problems have developed. One example is the emergence of the “blind town”, which means the governors cultivate a featured town blindly without objectively considering the reality of that area. These decisions have a negative impact on the future sustainable development of small towns. Therefore, the governors need to consider the basic conditions of the area, perform a scientific assessment, and present a clear cultivation strategy. This paper presents a preliminary scientific method for the characteristic development mode of small towns with “explore characteristic–evaluate characteristic–nurture characteristic” as the main line, which would be conducive to the characteristic transformation for the steady and sustainable development of small towns in China.

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Lee, Yok-shiu F. "Small Towns and China's Urbanization Level." China Quarterly 120 (December 1989): 771–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000018452.

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China'sde jureurbanization level more than doubled in the five years between 1982 and 1987, jumping from 20.8 per cent to 46 6 per cent (Table 1). The Chinese State Statistical Bureau (SSB) officials explained that this unprecedented increase was largely the result of an increase in the number of urban towns since the mid 1984 relaxation of criteria for urban town designation.1 This is, however, only a partial explanation. My own analysis shows that much of the gain in the town population was in fact due to the post-1984 governing system of“town administering village” (zhen guan cun). Many newly designated urban towns (and some existing towns as well) have enlarged their administrative territories to include a huge number of agricultural residents in their official urban population. Most of these rural persons, however, judged by strict occupational and residential criteria, should not have been counted as urban population. The inclusion of many agricultural persons in the urban sector since mid 1984 has thus greatly exaggerated the actual urbanization level.2

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4

Vaishar, Antonín, and Eva Kallabová. "The Development of services in small Moravian towns after the year 1990." Geografie 106, no. 4 (2001): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2001106040251.

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A complex geographical analysis of twelve Moravian towns with less than 15 thousand inhabitants has been made. Within this analysis, the services fulfilling the following main functions have been evaluated: meeting the needs of inhabitants, solving the problems of workers dismissed from production, realization of town creating function and promoting cultural activities. An evaluation of towns has been made and the main barriers in service activities were identified. The level of services in each town depends, apart from the human factor, on the size of the local market, the status of the town in the settlement system and on each town's specific conditions. Nowadays, small towns are re-evaluating their visions of the future, where the role of services is important.

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5

Yang, Yu Nan, and Fei Fei Yu. "Exploration about the Stratagem of Sustainable Development of Small Town Planning in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.126.

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Small town is a basic and important part in Chinese town system. Sustainable development of small town is significant content of the work to modernize economy. Yet due to improper micromanagement, the current construction of small towns in China is in serious disorder. And this is imposing restraints on sustainable social and economic development. This paper arguments the strategic problems about the sustainable development of small town from several aspects such as historical meaning, actuality, arrangement and structure and so on.

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6

Sun, Li Ping. "Research on Solutions to Small Town Planning and Construction in Inner Mongolia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 590–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.590.

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There are many problems existing in small town planning in Inner Mongolia. After analyzing the causes of these problems, some solutions to them are put forward, such as, strengthen the control of the planning and work out the perfect town planning system, carry out the strategy of sustainable development, keep personality of the town and highlight town features, speed up the construction of key town and drive the rapid development of small towns, etc.

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7

Ransubhe, Srikant A. "Integrated Town Development Plan: Kurduwadi." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 840–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37516.

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The nature and economic development of Indian urbanization is characterized by metropolitan domination and polarization. The country's total population increased from 361 million in 1951 to 1,027 million in 2001, while the urban population increased from 62 million to 285 million during the same period. From 23 megacities in 1991 to 35 in 2001, the number has increased considerably. Therefore, it is clear that there is a clear movement towards large cities, possibly as a result of a lack of employment opportunities in small and medium cities and a deficient urban infrastructure. In 1979, the centrally supported scheme for the integrated development of small and medium cities (IDSMT) began and continued through 2004-05 and was incorporated into the UIDSSMT scheme in December 2005. It is important to invest in the development of small urban centers in order to reduce migration to large cities as well as to support the growth of surrounding rural areas. Small and medium towns are generally viewed as a means of balancing urban hierarchy and reducing pressure on primate cities, moderate spatial inequality, and foster factors that may assist in reversing the trend. Kurduwadi city is one of them, such as improper or uncertain use of available land, rising unemployment and migration to cities, unsatisfactory development plans to improve urban development. In this context, through integrated planning, efforts have been measured to obtain the resources needed to achieve each goal and improve strategy. Also by allowing institutions to plan and collaborate in departments, they can create efficiency and pursue new opportunities and help reduce migration to nearby large and metropolitan cities by strengthening the Kurduwadi towns as regional growth centers. Establishing complementary links between nearby villages, towns and cities will create a harmonious settlement pattern. An integrated development plan for the Kurduwadi town reduces some of the ideological concerns and working uncertainties emerging around this initiative through this study. The assessment of integrated town development may be appropriate to determine the future orientation and guidelines for Kurduwadi town.

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8

Daniels, Thomas L. "Small Town Economic Development: Growth or Survival?" Journal of Planning Literature 4, no. 4 (October 1989): 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088541228900400404.

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9

Yang, Li. "Tourism-driven urbanisation in China's small town development: Yiren Town, China." International Journal of Tourism Anthropology 7, no. 2 (2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijta.2019.101238.

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10

Adank, Marieke, Sam Godfrey, John Butterworth, and Eyob Defere. "Small town water services sustainability checks: development and application in Ethiopia." Water Policy 20, S1 (March 1, 2018): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.004.

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Abstract With rising coverage figures and the advent of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is increasing attention given to assessing and monitoring the sustainability of water services. Previous efforts in the rural water supply sector have included the development of sustainability checks, while in the urban water supply sector, benchmarking of water services and the performance of utilities has become common practice. This paper argues that neither rural sustainability checks, nor urban benchmarking frameworks, are entirely suitable for monitoring small town water services. It presents a framework specifically developed and applied for assessing and monitoring small town water services. Application of the framework in seven small towns in Ethiopia shows significant discrepancies between the ideal and actual situations. It reveals specific challenges related to sustainable small town water service provision, including capacity at service provider (utility) level, asset management and regulation. The costs of sustainability checks and prospects for uptake as project and wider sector tools are discussed.

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11

Vete, Agne. "Changing character of town form during the XX−XXI c.: the case of Lithuanian small towns." Landscape architecture and art 16 (March 11, 2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.16.01.

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Although towns are constantly changing, changes may have a major impact on town character. Town character reflects the distinctiveness of town form and there is a risk that town may change unrecognisably. This issue is particularly close to small towns, which characters are especially fragile. Additionally, small towns are often neglected or undeservedly underestimated, though people already are searching for slower life and more authentic experiences. Nevertheless, small towns can offer close community, sense of place and attachment to it, local production, cheaper real estate and safe, sustainable environment. Undoubdetly, counterurbanisation processes are underway and Lithuania has a lot of resources for slow town concept development. Lithuanian urban settlement system consists of mostly small towns, so the research of changes of town form and their impact on the town character is extremely important. The article discusses what causes changes in small towns, paying the particular attention to the Lithuanian context. Initial methodological guidelines and insights give basis for further investigation and levels of changes are categorised. Preliminary findings state that due to the level of maturity, completeness of town form in relation to the ideology of the period and on the consequences of World War II, transformations had a different impact on town form during the second half of the XX c. and the extent of changes differ. The concept of the research is illustrated with a case study of Anykščiai town which analysis of changes of town form allows to define main transformations and actions for nurturing the character of the town. The article presents the assumption that the complex research of changes of town form may enable a possibility to identify the model of the town form character and define the townscape capacity.

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12

Halseth, Greg. "Resource Town Employment: Perceptions in Small Town British Columbia." Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie 90, no. 2 (May 1999): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9663.00061.

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13

Albertho Baga, Christofel Mario. "Dinamika Perkembangan Kota Kecil dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya (Studi Kasus pada Kecamatan Muntilan, Mungkid dan Salam)." JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA 11, no. 4 (September 15, 2016): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v11i3.10854.

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Dynamic development of small towns can not be separated from the urbanization. The small towns are located along the road corridor that connects major cities experiencing rapid growth. It is also common in the District Mungkid, Muntilan and Salam which administratively belong to the small town. In the past 10 years, there have been additions village with city status, namely: in District Mungkid of 4 villages and in the District Salam much as 3 villages. In addition, there has been increased by 5% undeveloped land, in the villages located around the national road linking Semarang - Yogyakarta. It is also common in the increasing number of population density, where the concentration of the population are in the areas around the national road. Based on these descriptions, the question arises, how the dynamic development of the small town, and what are the factors that influence it? This study uses quantitative methods to assess the dynamics of a small town in terms of spatial, demographic, and social economic. The findings of this research study is the development of small town dynamics are affected by urbanization. Urbanization formed are influenced by social economic activities compared with the development of undeveloped land and population. From the analysis of the factors affecting the dynamics of a small town, there are several factors, such as: the location factor, accessibility, social, political, physical environment, and history. Based on the analysis, and interviews can be concluded that the development of small cities most affected by the location factor.

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14

Berg-Nordlie, Mikkel. "New in town. Small-town media discourses on immigrants and immigration." Journal of Rural Studies 64 (November 2018): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.05.007.

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15

Bhatta, Badri Nath. "Theorizing Small Towns in Anthropological Views in Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 32, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v32i1.24772.

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This paper has attempted to define the terms urban, urbanism, cities and towns which are confusing terms however interrelated. An interdisciplinary approach has been adopted to achieve this objective. The towns are small in size, population along with development basis than cities. Earlier stage of towns or small towns was village. As a foundation, village was the original form of all. In this sense, it is focused on the overall urban−rural structure where rural/village has crucial role to develop town to cities. Archeologically, the effort to subsist in primitive people was based on the process of agricultural farming. The first and early civilization in human behaviours was found in Near East (similar as Middle East in West Asia) as initial town at the bank of the river. Therefore, the origin of the towns indicates early people began to be civilized in their daily activities. Later, the towns were extended. In Nepal, there are generally urban areas, cities, towns and villages as local levels in the forms of Metropolitan Cities, Sub Metropolitan Cities, Municipality, and Rural Municipality at the one side, DUD BC at the other has classified into five classes− metro city, sub- metro city, city, sub-city or small town and urban centre based on urban faculties and population.

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16

Miller, Vincent P., Glenn V. Fuguitt, David L. Brown, and Calvin L. Beale. "Rural and Small Town America." Economic Geography 66, no. 2 (April 1990): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/143753.

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17

Yukhnovskyi, Vasyl Yu, and Olga V. Zibtseva. "Eco-service potential of sustainable development of small towns." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 4 (December 22, 2019): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111974.

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The purpose of the study is to determine the ecosystem services potential and capacity for ecological stability of the five nearest small towns to Kyiv by comparative analysis of their territories by the number of ecosystem services provided per unit area and per capita. The researched towns have a similar history of development, but differ in area, number and density of population, industrial development and land use structure. The research is conducted on the basis of public indicators of the master plans of the small towns using the transfer method and relative values. The cost of ecosystem services in the territories of the small towns is calculated according to the categories of the land fund by agricultural land, forest and water. Ecosystem services per 1 ha of each land use category are adjusted for transfer coefficient into USD, taking into account the purchasing power parity factor for Ukraine. The cost of ecosystem services per capita and 1 ha of territory of each town is calculated for the current state of towns and for a 20-year perspective. It was established that the total cost of ecosystem services in Boyarka, Vyshgorod, Bucha and Irpin towns exceeded that of the ecosystem services of Vyshneve by 3.6, 5.8, 10.6 and 25.7 times respectively The cost of ecosystem services per capita in Irpin exceeds by 28.8 times the same indicator of Vyshneve, due to the small number of water bodies, forests and agricultural lands in the territory of the latter town, as well as due to its extremely high level of develop- ment. An analysis of the dynamics of the cost of ecosystem services per unit area of the small towns shows that the maximum cost of ecosystem services per 1 hectare of urban territory is borne by Vyshgorod and Irpin, and in the long run – the maximum will be increased by 2.9 and 3.0 times in Vyshgorod and Boyarka respectively. These dynamics are due to the expansion of the urban area. The results of the study indicate the need to adjust the master plans of urban development in terms of expanding the environmental component of Irpin and Bucha.

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18

Lewis, Blane D. "An Inquiry into Kenyan Small Town Development Policy." Economic Geography 67, no. 2 (April 1991): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/143543.

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19

Wang, Gabe T., and Xiaobo Hu. "Small town development and rural urbanization in China." Journal of Contemporary Asia 29, no. 1 (January 1999): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472339980000051.

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20

Siddiqi, Akhtar. "Small town growth and development policy in Pakistan." GeoJournal 30, no. 4 (August 1993): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00807223.

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21

Wang, Jin, De Gang Duan, and Jie Shen. "A Research on the Planning Strategy of Eco-Demonstration Zones in High Altitude Areas — a Case Study of Tanggula Town." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1632.

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The unruled development of construction land, along with the disordered planning and deteriorating living environment, etc. has long been prevalent in those small towns in the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau. This paper, thus, conducts some on-the-spot investigations and analyses of Tanggula town. The paper departs from the disparities between the current conditions of Tanggula town and the standards of eco- demonstration zone, proposing some strategies in the aspects of development direction, land use layout, facility layout, architecture and the town's features, aiming to exert positive influence upon the planning of small towns in plateaux.

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22

Basile, Elisabetta, and Barbara Harriss-White. "The Politics of Accumulation in Small-town India." IDS Bulletin 30, no. 4 (October 1999): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1999.mp30004005.x.

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23

Savoja, Luca. "Reti sociali e turismo urbano. Modelli di fruizione turistica nelle piccole cittŕ." SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE, no. 86 (April 2009): 111–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sur2008-086006.

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- Socials Networks and Urban Tourism. Touristics Patterns in a small Town, Tourism in a "non touristic" small town take a peculiar place. In one sense the tourism, or even better his success, influence many dimensions of the locals socials networks; in a second sense the tourism in smalls towns are partially different comparing other patterns of urban tourism. In the specific the analysis is focused on two issues. The first issue is the role of the "folk" in a small town as part of the urban touristic product; the second issue is the multidimensional role of the local community into the touristics patterns. Starting from this analysis, the second part of the article show the results of a survey carried out in a small town (Aosta, Northern Italy). The aim of this survey is to evaluate the place of tourism in that urban context. Key words: urban tourism, social network, touristics patterns.

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24

Huang, Feng, and Zhigang Yu. "Fuzzy Evaluation in Planning and Construction of Ecological Small Towns Absorbing Surplus Rural Labor." Open House International 43, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2018-b0021.

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Ecological small towns can attract a large number of rural surplus labors and ease the population pressure, how to carry out the planning and construction ecological town becomes a hotspot of research. Based on this, planning and construction of ecological small towns absorbing surplus rural labor based on fuzzy evaluation method were proposed. First of all, planning and construction of small towns under the concept of ecology were elaborated; and then the planning and construction strategies of small towns integrating ecological concepts were put forward, including the utilization of water resources, ecological the landscape and transportation planning; at the same time, a project for ecological small town in Hebei Province was taken as an example for the planning and design; in addition, the planning objectives and layout planning were analyzed and evaluated by fuzzy evaluation method, and the results confirmed the success of planning and design.

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25

Smoke, Paul. "Small town local government finance in Kenya: The case of Karatina Town Council." Public Administration and Development 12, no. 1 (February 1992): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230120106.

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26

Cottyn, Ine. "Conforming with the urban ideal? ‘New urbanites’ in Rwanda’s emerging towns." International Development Planning Review: Volume 43, Issue 3 43, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 345–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2020.16.

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The Rwandan government is taking a very directive approach to the process of urbanisation, based on an urban model that is strongly influenced by modernist discourses and guided by neoliberal policies. Its pursuit of an ideal of ‘modern urbanity’ in rapidly growing small towns implies an ideal type of modern urbanite; however, not everyone fits this ideal. The focus of this article is on those urban inhabitants who are considered to be on ‘the urban margins’. I argue that it is the practices of these people that constitute and define the flexible and mobile nature of the lived reality of small-town life that forms an essential part of African urbanisation and small-town development today. In the Rwandan case, rigidly sticking to the implementation of blueprint planning fails to recognise this bottom-up urbanisation, feeding the perception that urban areas are becoming an elite space.

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Yi, Wei Hong, Zheng Yan Chen, and Feng Rong Ma. "Study on Environmental Protection Planning of Datong Town in Daqing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.413.

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With development of small towns, the shortage of water resources and deterioration of water environment, soil and water loss, low vegetation coverage problem is becoming more and more serious, the ecological environment of small town is more and more pressure, restricting the development of small town economy and society is increasingly clear. Because a plan for environmental protection is a basic work of environmental remediation, so a rational environmental planning will speed up local economy and urban development. Firstly, the paper evaluates the status of water environment, atmospheric environment, acoustic environment and solid waste discharge. Secondly, the paper sets Datong town environmental protection planning target and divides the environmental function. Final, the paper proposes the effective measures to synthetically managing the rural environment, developing and utilizing the rural energy, Protecting and building the agricultural ecological environment.

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28

Kafidov, V. V., V. N. Filippov, and I. P. Filippova. "Problems of Development of Small and Medium Russian Towns." Economics and Management, no. 7 (September 15, 2019): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2019-7-24-29.

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The presented study addresses the problems of development of small and medium towns in Russia. Aim. The study aims to examine a town as a socio-economic environment where its residents exist and as the fundamental factor for the development of society.Tasks. The authors identify key problems in the development of small and medium Russian towns, which interferes with the historical appearance and has a negative impact on the living environment.Methods. Problems in the development of small and medium towns in Russia are examined using theoretical methods: systematic approach, statistical analysis, social and philosophical analysis.Results. The study identifies the main negative effects of the existing model of development of small and medium Russian towns, such as destruction of their historical and cultural appearance, distortion of the overall architectural motif, increased load on communications, and congestion of the transport infrastructure.Conclusions. At the current stage, efficient development of small and medium towns in Russia is impossible within the framework of the existing infill development. This chaotic process cannot be stopped without a new conceptual approach and changes in the legislative and normative framework of urban development. The only factor that determines the boundaries of the existing approach to urban development is the lack of physical space for new buildings in urban areas. The authors formulate proposals that would help to solve the problems of development of small and medium towns in Russia.

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Hartgen, David T., and Ji Youn Kim. "Commercial Development at Rural and Small-Town Interstate Exits." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1649, no. 1 (January 1998): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1649-12.

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Commercial development at 63 rural and small-town Interstate exits is quantified and related to local market wealth, size, geography, access, traffic, site competition, and other development. Five development types (gas stations, convenience stores, fast food restaurants, sit-down restaurants, and motels) are studied. The geographic information system TransCAD 3.0 is used to determine network access and local trade area characteristics. Models are then estimated for each development type using classification and regression techniques separately and in combination. Model estimates are then compared with actual development. Results show that the relationships are complex, often nonlinear; and show high correlation between development types. The findings should be useful for planning exit land use, coordinating market assessments, determining the value of land, and assessing sites for business placement.

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30

Lin, George C. S. "Small town development in socialist China: a functional analysis." Geoforum 24, no. 3 (August 1993): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(93)90025-d.

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31

Levy, Deborah, Raewyn Hills, Harvey C. Perkins, Michael Mackay, Malcolm Campbell, and Karen Johnston. "Local benevolent property development entrepreneurs in small town regeneration." Land Use Policy 108 (September 2021): 105546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105546.

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Popova, Olga, Svetlana Korolkova, and Ekaterina Stepanova. "Branding Strategies for Small Cities in the Internet Space." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 2 (May 2020): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.2.11.

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The paper examines the use of communicative strategies and tools for promoting local territories on the Internet on the material of tourist sites, social networks and blogs. Internet strategy depends on the promoted territory, pragmatic goals and determines the selection of tools and language means. The authors applied an integrative communicative approach. It was established that a European small town brand is developed by employing macro strategy including historical, cultural, environmental, and gastronomic references represented in several foreign languages. The small Russian town branding is implemented through micro-strategies with a heterogeneous brand structure, sometimes, related to some important events, not supported by significant historical facts in Russian. Lingua-pragmatic analysis of data has shown that specialized travel sites of European and Russian small towns use mostly informative tactics for promoting their territories while communicative tactics of social networks and blogs are of a greater emotion and evaluative value. The experience of European small towns, and communicative strategies of brand promotion in particular, might be relevant for Russian locality identification and differentiation, small town brand development, formation of cultural apprehension and loyalty among the citizens as well as domestic and foreign tourists.

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Drobniak, Adam. "Resilience and Hybridization of Development of Small and Medium Towns in Poland." Olsztyn Economic Journal 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.3644.

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This paper aims to initially evaluate the socio and economic resilience of small and medium sized town in Poland made in the context of hybridization of development. The article refers to the issues of development of small and medium sized towns as well as to the urban resilience concept recognized in the attributes approach. Empirically, an initial assessment of resilience was carried out for all towns up to 100,000 residents in Poland using quantitative methods based on indicators of dynamics. Then, using cluster analysis along with the Euclidean distance the paper presents its findings in spatial dimension. The results indicate a very high level of differentiation in socio and economic urban resilience of the surveyed towns. The dynamics of their development is highly unbalanced, while the overall picture of resilience of the examined towns indicates a hybrid pattern of their development.

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Zhang, Jun Jie, Yong Long Sun, and Kuang Jie Shan. "Research of Tourism Town Planning Based on Symbiosis Theory - A Case Study of Controlling-Detailed Plan of Drift Town, Qingyuan City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.114.

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The symbiotic integration development of Tourism small town about tourist area and town is an inevitable problem in reality, we need to be studied and guide practice. Based on the new perspective of the symbiosis theory, to controlling-detailed plan of Drift Town, Qingyuan city, as an example, uses qualitative analysis and index quantitative study combination of methods, through excavating and creating symbiosis between units symbiotic conditions, construct the town - - the symbiotic development innovation mode; Through the tourism small town symbiotic land layout, symbiotic unit controlling technology of special tourism small town strategic development become "town (CBD) - tourist area (RBD)" eutectic body, realize the interaction and integration of urban ecological development.

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ПОТАПОВ, Игорь, and Igor POTAPOV. "THE PROBLEMS OF RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOLVYCHEGODSK." Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 11, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22412/1995-0411-2017-11-2-102-110.

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Solvychegodsk is the town with the population of 2217 people, located in the south of Arkhangelsk region, on the right bank of the river Vychegda. The town was founded in the 14th century, and it is in the list of historical settlements of Russia. Architectural monuments, preserved to our days, have federal significance. Since 1923 the health resort with the same name, which is specialized in mineral water and mud, has been started its work. Despite the valuable recreational resources, the town is not well-known as recreation center. But for Arkhangelsk region and neighboring regions, Solvychegodsk could become one of the key areas for weekend tourism. The town is included in the project of tourist-recreational cluster “Kotlas – Solvychegodsk” under the federal target program “Development of inbound and domestitourism in the Russian Federation.” The tourism development in a small town, especially having unfavorable geographical position, faces with investment problems. To identify obstacles for the recreational development of Solvychegodsk the article compares it with Myshkin town in Yaroslavl region. The last is successful recreational center, which in terms of population, the nature of recreational resources and geographical position is similar to Solvychegodsk. Based on the characteristics of the recreational areas of these towns, the author identifies the major difficulties in the arranging the recreational center in Solvychegodsk. The article analyzes the main activities, planned in the program of creation of tourist-recreational cluster with «core» in Solvychegodsk, and describes the main shortcomings complicating its development

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Belozor, Alina F. "Small Historic Town as an Object of Cultural Heritage." Observatory of Culture 15, no. 5 (December 14, 2018): 622–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2018-15-5-622-631.

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The uniqueness of a historic town lies in its ancient origin (the middle of the 18th century and earlier); in the preserved historical, cultural and architectural environment; in the relationship of the town with significant historical events of the country; in the traditional folk crafts and arts that exist to the present time. It is positioned as a unique heritage site containing the main socio-cultural characteristics of the nation.Since the 1980s, some authors’ works have been attempting to scientifically substantiate the phenomenon of small historic town as a potential of cultural heritage in the context of its socio-cultural significance for the state, society and local community, with its advantages and problems.The purpose of this study is to show the potential of small historic town in the state cultural policy implementation. An analysis of various scientific approaches to the content of the concept of “historic town” is presented. The terminological chain “cultural resource”, “cultural resource of economic activity” and “object of historical and cultural heritage” is also included in the context of the article.The importance of historic towns in the training, education and enlightenment of citizens is invaluable. Scientifically based conclusions and official documents state that the majority of small historic towns cannot solve the accumulated problems on their own. A significant number of historical and cultural monuments require restoration.The inclusion of the potential of small historic town into the socio-cultural space should be carried out on the basis of programs of heritage preservation, development of tourism, folk arts and crafts, publication of the results of historical and cultural studies, creation of a complex of scientific documentaries and TV programs.The experience of Great Britain in protection of cultural heritage is considered.The article analyzes the Russian legislative acts over the past 50 years in relation to architectural monuments, historic towns and settlements. The author focuses on the recent evolution of approaches to the management of historical and cultural heritage of Russia.The obtained data demonstrate that regional executive authorities can become the coordinators of activities in the field of cultural heritage protection and tourism; and local authorities can be the organizers.

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Shastri, Aparna. "Built Morphology and the Impact of Planning Policies: Case of Small Towns in Karnataka, India." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v6i1.787.

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The morphology of a city undergoes transformation over time due to a variety of factors. One such factor is the master plan. The master plan is a powerful legal tool, the implementation of which has a lasting impact on the morphology of a town both built and unbuilt. The template for the master plans in India is the same be it a metropolitan city or a class III town. The resultant triggers and impact of this master plan are questionable more so in the case of smaller cities and towns. This paper investigates one such small city in the hinterland of Karnataka through a descriptive analysis of the compact historic city and the new developments; the impact of the master plan and the resulting changes. Through the analysis and arguments presented in the study for the reading of small towns and non metropolitan cities we support alternative readings of these towns and cities. Additionally through the analysis of compact city planning methodologies both historical and current we understand how the two aspects; that is small town urbanization and compact planning methodologies can be enmeshed to create new templates for master planning for small towns and cities. Our study is limited to the master planning exercise in the context of Karnataka and Gadag-Betageri in particular and needs to be further explored with respect to other urban development policies in order to be applicable to small towns and cities in general in India.

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Schwarm, Walter, and Harvey Cutler. "Building Small City and Town Sams and CGE Models." Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies 15, no. 2 (July 2003): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-940x.2003.00069.x.

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Schwarm, Walter, and Harvey Cutler. "Building Small City and Town Sams and CGE Models." Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies 15, no. 2 (July 2003): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-940x.00069.

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Wrigley, Neil, Steve Wood, Dionysia Lambiri, and Michelle Lowe. "Corporate convenience store development effects in small towns: Convenience culture during economic and digital storms." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 1 (September 11, 2018): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18796507.

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The impact of the global economic crisis, together with the ‘digital’ storm of unrelenting growth in online retail and its complex substitution and modification effects, had significant implications for UK town centres and high streets. Dramatically increased vacancy rates within town centres have focused policy debate on the drivers of town centres’ vitality and viability in the context of profound technological and consumer culture shifts. As consumers turned away from ‘big basket’ one-stop weekly shops at large out-of-centre stores and began shopping ‘little and often’ using a fragmented range of alternatives, the convenience store sector, significantly altered by corporate entry, grew rapidly. However, there is surprisingly little empirical evidence on the impacts of these new-generation corporate convenience stores on town centres and communities. This paper helps fill that gap by reporting the findings of a study of five small towns in southern England. Drawing on evidence from surveys of over 1500 consumers and 200 traders, we show that despite their modest size, these stores have rapidly assumed significant and little-documented trip generation and ‘anchor’ roles essential to the sustainability of the centres. Moreover, they have facilitated trends towards ‘relocalization’ of food shopping, reduction in car dependency and higher than expected levels of linked trips. In this paper, we draw out the significance of those findings and position them within wider conceptual and policy debates. We also stress the spatially and temporally contingent nature of the findings within a dynamic technological and regulatory context.

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Lin, Ling, and Jiangfeng Li. "Analysis on the Coupling Relationship and Coordinated Development between the Construction of Ethnic Minority Tourist Towns and the Tourism Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 2451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052451.

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The construction of minority characteristic tourist towns and the coordinated development of the tourism industry is an important way for ethnic minority tourist towns to improve their economic, social, resource, and environmental development levels. This article analyzed the mechanism of the coupling and coordination relationship between the construction system of ethnic minority characteristic tourist towns and the tourism industry system from three aspects: economy, society, and resource environment. Taking Longji Town as the research object, we constructed an index system for the coupling and coordinated development of the two systems. By using the coupling coordination degree model to analyze the coordinated development of Longji Town construction and tourism industry from 2013 to 2018, we found that the two systems generally show an upward development trend, and the degree of coupling coordination has changed from barely coupling coordination to good coupling coordination. The construction level of Longji Town and the degree of coupling coordination of the tourism industry system were manifested as the lagging development of the town construction level and the lagging tourism industry development alternately. The leading role of the development of Longji’s tourism industry in the construction of small towns was fluctuating and lacked stability. According to the research results, a policy reference for the sustainable development path of minority characteristic tourist towns was proposed.

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Kapustin, Petr, and Denis Astashov. "Borisoglebsk. Identity of a small town." проект байкал, no. 65 (January 5, 2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51461/projectbaikal.65.1674.

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Borisoglebsk is a district center in the Voronezh region, a typical provincial town in the Black Earth region of Russia. Despite its turbulent history, the town managed to save most of its historical and cultural wealth. Today this small town is “frozen” in anticipation of upcoming changes. The changes are coming together with large-scale national projects, building initiatives and the general tendency towards improvements and contemporary design. The authors discuss the measure of adequacy of possible development strategies for the values of the urban fabric woven by a long and slow accumulation of qualities “in situ”.

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Powe, Neil A. "Non-amenity business growth and small town revival." Journal of Rural Studies 62 (August 2018): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.07.013.

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Wei, Ke. "Analyzing Hierarchy Spatial Structure of Chinese Ancient Town." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2704.

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Village as the basic prototype, most of the Chinese ancient towns have formed distinctive spatial structure in the joint action of multiple factors. Space of Chinese ancient town embodies hierarchy structure from large to small in the process of formation and development. The space system of geography, town, environment, architecture, livingmaterial produce hierarchy structure, the higher level including the lower level, the lower level reflecting the higher level, and forming system of compound spatial structure in Chinese ancient towns in the end.

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Massey, Jennifer. "Partnering for economic development: How town-gown relations impact local economic development in small and medium cities." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 44, no. 2 (August 31, 2014): 152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v44i2.183813.

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Universities play an increasingly prominent role in shaping regional, social, and economic development. In Canada, however, spatial, economic, and social differences between universities and their host communities continue to challenge positive town–gown relationships and undermine the benefits associated with high concentrations of prospective young, “creative” graduates. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors that lead to positive town–gown relations and, subsequently, encourage graduate retention. Through this research, university and town administrators were found to play a key role in establishing a positive relationship between students and community members. Local employment opportunities were also found to help students build an experiential relationship with their localities and make them more likely to settle there after graduation.

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Harriss-White, Barbara. "Waste, Social Order, and Physical Disorder in Small-Town India." Journal of Development Studies 56, no. 2 (February 26, 2019): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2019.1577386.

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Cooke, Phil. "Small Town Sustainability: Economic, Social and Environmental Innovation." European Planning Studies 18, no. 12 (December 2010): 2083–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2010.516502.

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Tan, K. C. "China's small town urbanization program: Criticism and adaptation." GeoJournal 29, no. 2 (February 1993): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00812812.

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Krzysztofik, Robert, Iwona Kantor-Pietraga, and Franciszek Kłosowski. "Between Industrialism and Postindustrialism—the Case of Small Towns in a Large Urban Region: The Katowice Conurbation, Poland." Urban Science 3, no. 3 (July 12, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3030068.

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The socio-economic transformation of (post)mining towns takes different forms and follows varied pathways. This obvious fact acquires a different significance in a region that is a polycentric urban conurbation whose growth was based on coal mining and industry. Particularly as concerns small towns, which are a minority in it in terms of numbers. This paper attempts to present the issue based on the cases of two small towns, Lędziny and Radzionków, located in the Katowice conurbation in southern Poland. While having similar mining origins, the towns currently represent two radically different paths of economic development. Both mentioned towns are developing relatively well. However, certain threats to their growth are also revealed: social functional, environmental and even political. A closer inspection of both is important in that the two small towns are examples of two extremities in the region, between which other types of towns undergoing socio-economic transformation are situated. The selected examples also indicate that a small (post)mining town does not necessarily have to be ‘the place that don’t matter’. Additionally, an important conclusion is that despite many objective barriers, a small town in a mining region can follow a line of development based on the industry 4.0 concept.

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Astill, G. G. "Archaeology and the smaller medieval town." Urban History 12 (May 1985): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926800007483.

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The small medieval town has recently captured the attention of historians, geographers and archaeologists. Documentary work is, for example, not only disentangling the fluctuating history of local markets, but also demonstrating that, despite their small size, seignorial boroughs of the later thirteenth century had a diverse occupational structure that entitles them to be regarded as genuinely urban. Indeed, Hilton has recently argued that as much as half the urban population lived in these small towns. This research has also emphasized the economic vitality of the smaller towns in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, and has raised the possibility that they were prospering at the expense of the provincial capitals, a trend to be seen in the context of the movement of industry from the towns to the countryside.

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