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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Smart adaptive'

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Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Gent, Ian Oliver. "Biologically inspired adaptive camouflage : polychromatic smart materials." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.738293.

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2

Hwang, Seung-Hyeon. "Adaptive antenna techniques for smart antennas and radar systems." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Carmona, Sanchez Jesus. "A smart adaptive load for power-frequency support applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-smart-adaptive-load-for-powerfrequency-support-applications(043dde9b-b753-4a6a-9c41-4c93b34681f9).html.

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At present, one of the main issues in electric power networks is the reduction in conventional generation and its replacement by low inertia renewable energy generation. The balance between generation and demand has a direct impact on the system frequency and system inertia limits the frequency rate of change until compensation action can be undertaken. Traditionally generation managed frequency. In future, loads may be required to do more than just be able to be switched off during severe under frequency events. This thesis focuses on the development and practical implementation of the control structure of a smart adaptive load for network power-frequency support applications. The control structure developed makes use of advanced demand side management of fan loads (powered by AC drives) used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems; where a change in power at rated load has little effect on their speed due to the cubic relationship between speed and power. The AC drive implemented in this thesis is based on an induction motor and a two level voltage source converter. To achieve the smart adaptive load functionality, first a power-frequency multi-slope droop control structure (feedforward control) is developed; relating the frequency limits imposed by the network supplier and the fan power-speed profile (Chapter 2, Fig 2.19). Secondly, this control structure is combined with the control developed, in Chapter 3, for the AC drive powering the fan load. The full development of the control structure of the AC drive, its tuning process and its practical implementation is given; an equation is developed to find suitable tuning parameters for the speed control of the nonlinear load (fan load), i.e. Eq. (3.59).The analysis and simulation results provided in Chapter 4 conclude that a fast control of the active power drawn by the AC drive is possible by controlling the electromagnetic torque (hence current) of the induction motor without disturbing the fan load overly. To achieve this, changes between closed loop speed control and open loop torque control (power control) are performed when needed. Two main issues were addressed before the hardware implementation of the smart adaptive load: the estimation of the network frequency under distorted voltage conditions, and the recovery period of the network frequency. In this thesis two slew rate limiters were implemented to deal with such situations. Other possible solutions are also outlined. Finally, experimental results in Chapter 5 support results given in Chapter 4. A full power-frequency response is achieved by the smart adaptive load within 3s.
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Omareen, Mustafa. "Optimized Integration of Electric Vehicles into the Smart Grid : V2G and Smart Charging Adaptive Algorithm." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-99009.

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Electric Vehicles (EVs) reduce dependency on oil and carbon emissions. An upsurge in demand for EVs could lead to negative impacts on the grid. However, charging strategies, such as supporting the grid using vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and smart charging technology, can go a long way to reducing the impacts on the electrical load curve. The thesis presents a number of aspects which relate to the interconnection between EVs and the electric grid for achieving an optimized integration. An adaptive algorithm has been developed to perform load peak shaving by V2G and smart charging, while a hypothetical case study containing several types of EVs in a local grid has been conducted. The aim is to examine the developed algorithm. In conclusion, by using the adaptive algorithm, written in C++, an optimum status has been achieved concerning the electric grid and EV batteries.
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Velasquez, Garrido Jose J. "Fuzzy Model Reference Learning Control for Smart Lights." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364242984.

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Biehlig, Ekaterina. "Design of Smart Polymeric Materials with Responsive / Adaptive Adhesion Properties." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118293.

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Adhesion between different objects is happening everywhere. Without it, simple procedures like walking or holding something in a hand or attaching a postage stamp would be impossible. The life itself depends on adhesion on all levels, starting from the interactions between the living cells. Adhesion between two substrates is a complex phenomenon, which at present is still not well understood. There are several factors determining the strength of adhesion: (i) molecular interactions at interface, (ii) mechanical properties of adhesive, and (iii) area of contact between adhesive and probing surface. Two surfaces are tacky when they possess the right balance between these factors. Controlling the adhesion of materials is important in many fields ranging from industrial purposes to biomedical applications and everyday usage. There is a demand for “smart” materials with integrated functionalities that make them responsive, switchable, biocompatible, anti-bacterial, more energy efficient, or autonomous. In particular, materials for such cutting-edge applications like cell culture, drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensors, anti/biofouling, microfluidics, climbing robots, sport equipment and many others require adjustable/tuneable adhesive properties. Many efforts were directed towards fabrication of materials with either weak or strong adhesion depending on the field of application. However, design of “smart” surfaces with reversibly switchable/controllable adhesion is still a highly challenging task. Therefore, the thesis aims on design of smart polymeric materials with responsive / adaptive adhesion properties. For this, fabrication and investigation of two types of switchable polymer layers based on stimuli-responsive polymer brushes will be performed. The first group is dealing with thermoresponsive polymer brushes: poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) and two types of biocompatible polyethylene glycol-based systems. These polymer layers undergo phase transition below and above LCST between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states. The second part of the work is related to solvent-responsive comb-like and block copolymer brushes consisted of hydrophilic PEG and hydrophobic PDMS biocompatible and biodegradable polymers.
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Chalmers, C. "Adaptive health monitoring using aggregated energy readings from smart meters." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7543/.

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Worldwide, the number of people living with self-limiting conditions, such as Dementia, Parkinson’s disease and depression, is increasing. The resulting strain on healthcare resources means that providing 24-hour monitoring for patients is a challenge. As this problem escalates, caring for an ageing population will become more demanding over the next decade, and the need for new, innovative and cost effective home monitoring technologies are now urgently required. The research presented in this thesis directly proposes an alternative and cost effective method for supporting independent living that offers enhancements for Early Intervention Practices (EIP). In the UK, a national roll out of smart meters is underway. Energy suppliers will install and configure over 50 million smart meters by 2020. The UK is not alone in this effort. In other countries such as Italy and the USA, large scale deployment of smart meters is in progress. These devices enable detailed around-the-clock monitoring of energy usage. Specifically, each smart meter records accurately the electrical load for a given property at 10 second intervals, 24 hours a day. This granular data captures detailed habits and routines through user interactions with electrical devices. The research presented in this thesis exploits this infrastructure by using a novel approach that addresses the limitations associated with current Ambient Assistive Living technologies. By applying a novel load disaggregation technique and leveraging both machine learning and cloud computing infrastructure, a comprehensive, nonintrusive and personalised solution is achieved. This is accomplished by correlating the detection of individual electrical appliances and correlating them with an individual’s Activities of Daily Living. By utilising a random decision forest, the system is able to detect the use of 5 appliance types from an aggregated load environment with an accuracy of 96%. By presenting the results as vectors to a second classifier both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is detected with an accuracy of 92.64% and a mean squared error rate of 0.0736 using a random decision forest. The approach presented in this thesis is validated through a comprehensive patient trial, which demonstrates that the detection of both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is possible.
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Abdullah, Miran Taha. "Smart Client-Server Protocol and Architecture for Adaptive Multimedia Streaming." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/103324.

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En los últimos años, el consumo de servicios multimedia ha aumentado y se prevé que esta tendencia continúe en un futuro próximo, convirtiendo el tema de la evaluación de la Calidad de la Experiencia (QoE) en un tema muy importante para valorar el servicio de los proveedores. En este sentido, la optimización de la QoE recibe cada vez más atención ya que las soluciones actuales no han tenido en cuenta, la adaptación, la viabilidad, la rentabi-lidad y la fiabilidad. La presente memoria se centra en la caracterización, diseño, desarrollo y evaluación de diferentes aplicaciones multimedia, con el fin de optimizar la QoE. Por tanto, este trabajo investiga la influencia que la infraestructura de redes, las características de los videos y los terminales de los usuarios, presentan en la QoE de los servicios multimedia actuales en Internet. Esta tesis se basa en la investigación exhaustiva de la evaluación subjetiva y objetiva de QoE en redes heterogéneas. Los desafíos y cuestiones relacionados con el estado de la técnica y se discuten en esta disertación. En la primera fase, diseñamos una metodología de prueba para evaluar la QoE en la transmisión de video en directo y a través de plataformas de video bajo demanda en redes Wi-Fi y celulares. A partir de esta fase inicial, propondremos los problemas a investigar y las preguntas para resolver a lo largo de esta disertación. Nuestra metodología hace uso de métricas subjetivas y objetivas para evaluar la QoE percibida por los usuarios finales. Se realiza un conjunto de experimentos en laboratorio donde nuestra metodología de pruebas es aplicada. Los resultados obtenidos se recopilan y analizan para extraer las relaciones entre la Calidad de servicio (QoS) y QoE. A partir de estos resultados, se propone un mapeo de QoS-QoE que permite predecir la QoE. En la siguiente fase de la investigación, desarrollamos los algoritmos de optimización de QoE basados en la administración del sistema de red para redes Wi-Fi y celulares. Los algoritmos usan los parámetros clave que se tuvieron en cuenta para la evaluación de QoE. El objetivo de estos algorit-mos es proporcionar un sistema de gestión flexible para las redes con el ob-jetivo de lograr un equilibrio controlado entre la maximización de QoE y la eficiencia del uso de los recursos. Por último, se diseña el banco de pruebas del sistema para evaluar el rendimiento de las aplicaciones de servicios multimedia genéricos en los diferentes entornos de prueba. El banco de pruebas del sistema se basa en el enfoque de virtualización; usa los recursos compartidos de un hardware fí-sico para virtualizar todos los componentes. El banco de pruebas virtualiza-do proporciona funciones de red virtualizadas para diferentes escenarios, como Internet (las redes de distribución de contenido - CDNs) y redes inalámbricas. Por lo tanto, se adoptan protocolos livianos y mecanismos ágiles en el sistema, para proporcionar un mejor servicio a los usuarios fina-les. Los resultados de QoE son proporcionados a los proveedores de servi-cios de acuerdo con los parámetros que se definen en el proceso de la eva-luación. Como resultado hemos obtenido un sistema que presenta un servi-cio rentable como una forma factible para la evaluación de la prueba.<br>In recent years, multimedia services consumption has increased and it is expected that this trend will continue in the near future, becoming the evaluation of Quality of Experience (QoE) as a very important issue for assessing the quality of providers' services. In this sense, the optimization of the QoE is progressively receiving much attention considering that current solutions are not based on the adaptation, feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. The present dissertation is focused on the characterization, design, development and evaluation of different multimedia applications aimed to optimize the QoE. Therefore, this work investigates the influence that the networks infrastructure, the videos' characteristics and the users' terminals present on QoE of the current Internet multimedia services. The work is based on a comprehensive research of subjective and objective assessments in heterogeneous networks. Challenges and research questions related to the state of the art are discussed in this dissertation. In the first phase of this dissertation, we design a test methodology for assessing QoE of live video streaming and video on demand platforms to be transmitted over Wi-Fi and cellular networks. From this initial step, we will propound the related research issues and questions to solve this dissertation. Our methodology considers the use of subjective and objective metrics to evaluate the QoE perceived by end-users. A set of laboratory experiments is conducted where our proposed methodology is applied. The obtained results are gathered and analyzed to extract the relations between Quality of Service (QoS) and QoE. From the results, we propose a QoS-QoE mapping which allows predicting QoE. In the next phase of the research, we develop QoE-optimization algorithms based on network system management for Wi-Fi and cellular networks. The algorithms use the key parameters that were taken into account for QoE assessment. The goal of these algorithms is to provide a flexible management system for the networks in order to achieve the desirable trade-off between QoE maximization and resource usage efficiency. Lastly, the system testbed is designed in order to evaluate the performance of generic multimedia services applications for the different environments under test. The system testbed is based on virtualization approach; it uses the shared resources of a physical hardware to virtualize all components. The virtualized testbed provides virtualized network functions for the different scenarios such as the Internet (Content Delivery Networks - CDNs) and wireless networks. Therefore, lightweight protocols and agile mechanisms are adopted in the system to provide enhanced service to end-users. The QoE results are reported to the service providers according to the parameters defined in the evaluation process. As a result, we have obtained a cost-effective system, which is considered as a feasible way for test evaluation.<br>En els últims anys, el consum de serveis multimèdia ha augmentat i es preveu que aquesta tendència continue en un futur pròxim, convertitnt el tema de l'avaluació de la Qualitat d'Experiència (QoE) una tasca molt im-portant per a valorar el servei dels proveïdors. En aquest sentit, l'optimització de la QoE rep cada vegada més atenció degut a que les solucions actuals no tenen en compte, l'adaptació, la viabilitat, el rendiment i la fiabilitat. La present memòria se centra en la caracterització, disseny, desenvolupament i avaluació de diferents aplicacions multimèdia, amb la finalitat d'optimitzar la QoE. Per tant, aquest treball investiga la influència que la infraestructura de les xarxes, les característiques dels videos i els terminals dels usuaris tenen sobre la QoE dels serveis multimèdia actuals d'Iinternet. Aquesta tesi es basa en una recerca exhaustiva de l'avaluació subjectiva i objectiva de QoE en xarxes heterogènies. Els desafiaments i preguntes relacionats amb l'estat de la tècnica es discuteixen en aquesta dissertació. En la primera fase, dissenyem la metodologia de prova per a avaluar la QoE de transmissió de video en directe i de plataformes de video baix demanda en xarxes Wi-Fi i cel·lulars. A partir d'aquest primer pas, proposem els problemes de recerca relacionats i les preguntes a resoldre a través d'a-questa tesi. La nostra metodologia fa ús de mètriques subjectives i objecti-ves per a avaluar la QoE dels usuaris finals. Es realitzen un conjunt d'expe-riments en laboratori on s'aplica la nostra metodología. Els resultats obtin-guts es recopilen i analitzen per a extraure les relacions entre la QoS i la QoE. A partir d'aquests resultats, esproposa un mapatge de QoS-QoE que ens permetrà predir la QoE. En la següent fase de la recerca, desenvolupem els algoritmes d'optimi-tzació de la QoE per a l'administració de xarxes Wi-Fi i cel·lulars. Els algo-ritmes utilitzen els paràmetres clau que es van tenir en compte per a l'ava-luació de QoE. L'objectiu d'aquests algoritmes és proporcionar un sistema de gestió flexible per ales xarxes que permetrá aconseguir un equilibri con-trolat entre la maximització de la QoE i l'us eficient dels recursos. Finalment, el banc de proves del sistema està dissenyat per a avaluar el rendiment de les aplicacions de serveis multimèdia genèrics en els diferents entorns de prova. El banc de proves del sistema es basa en l'enfocament de virtualització; usa els recursos compartits d'un equip físic que virtualitza tots els components. El banc de proves virtualitzat proporciona les funcions de xarxa virtualitzades per a diferents escenaris, com Internet (les xarxes de distribució de continguts - CDNs) i xarxes sense fils. Per tant, s'adopten protocols lleugers i mecanismes àgils en el sistema per a proporcionar un millor servei als usuaris finals. Els resultats de QoE son proporcionats als proveïdors de serveis d'acord amb els paràmetres que es defineixen en el procés de l'avaluació. Com a resultat, hem obtés un sistema que presenta un servei rendible i com a viable per a l'avaluació de la prova.<br>Abdullah, MT. (2018). Smart Client-Server Protocol and Architecture for Adaptive Multimedia Streaming [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/103324<br>TESIS
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Juswardy, Budi. "Integrated broadband microphotonic beamformer for adaptive nulling in smart antennas." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1843.

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The tremendous growth of the wireless communications sector and the problem of limited available spectrum that can be used to cater the wireless demand have spurred the need for better data transmission capacity and signal rates for wireless communication systems. Smart antennas are the promising technology for improving the wireless communication systems performance. Smart antennas are system that consist of antenna arrays capable of adaptively adjusting the beam pattern, thereby enhancing the desired signals (beam steering) and suppressing the interference signals (null steering), which is also known as Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA). SDMA systems allow significant improvement in the area of capacity, signal bandwidth, signal-to-interference ratio, and frequency reuse. Due to the increasing complexity of the smart antennas system, innovations and improvements in miniaturisation, power consumption, and cost are needed. These breakthroughs could be achieved by combining the microelectronic and photonic technologies, leading to an innovative software-driven broadband MicroPhotonic beamforming system. This thesis presents a doctoral study of integrated MicroPhotonic smart antenna beamformers. The beamformers presented in this study is based on microminiaturisation of hotonic and electronic components, which processes RF-modulated optical signals and adaptively synthesises multiple broadband null for interference suppression. Two types of beamformer are investigated in this thesis; the first form is based on delaying the input RF signal via discrete, high-resolution true-time delay (TTD) through the use of free space optics. The second type is based on continuous TTD generation using an Opto-VLSI processor in conjunction with high-dispersive optical fibres. Design, simulation and proof-of-concept demonstration of some of the photonic building blocks and RF components of smart antennas that employ the MicroPhotonic beamformer are presented. These smart antennas are designed for use in adaptive broadband phased-array antenna applications including multimedia wireless transmission and RADAR.
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Kavak, Adnan. "Vector propagation channel studies for smart antenna wireless communication systems /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004302.

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11

Dietrich, Carl B. "Adaptive Arrays and Diversity Antenna Configurations for Handheld Wireless Communication Terminals." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27291.

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This dissertation reports results of an investigation into the performance of adaptive beamforming and diversity combining using antenna arrays that can be mounted on handheld radios. Handheld arrays show great promise for improving the coverage, capacity, and power efficiency of wireless communication systems. Diversity experiments using a handheld antenna array testbed (HAAT) are reported here. These experiments indicate that signals received by the antennas in two-element handheld antenna arrays with spacing of 0.15 wavelength or greater can be combined to provide 7-9 dB diversity gain against fading at the 99% reliability level in non line-of-sight multipath channels. Thus, peer-to-peer systems of handheld transceivers that use antenna arrays can achieve reliability comparable to systems of single-antenna handheld units, with only one-fifth the transmitter power, resulting in lower overall power consumption and increased battery life. Similar gains were observed for spatial, polarization, and pattern diversity. Adaptive beamforming with single- and multi-polarized four-element arrays of closely spaced elements was investigated by experiment using the HAAT, and by computer simulation using a polarization-sensitive vector multipath propagation simulator developed for this purpose. Small and handheld adaptive arrays were shown to provide 25 to 40 dB or more of interference rejection in the presence of a single interferer in rural, suburban, and urban channels including line-of-sight and non line-of-sight cases. In multipath channels, these performance levels were achieved even when there was no separation between the transmitters in azimuth angle as seen from the receiver, and no difference in the orientations of the two transmitting antennas. This interference rejection capability potentially allows two separate spatial channels to coexist in the same time/frequency channel, doubling system capacity.<br>Ph. D.
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Chim, Kwok Chi. "Investigating the impact of smart antenna on SAR /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ELEC%202002%20CHIM.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-54). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Torlak, Murat. "Estimation and capacity of channels in smart antenna wireless communication systems /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Zarei, Hossein. "RF variable phase shifters for multiple smart antenna transceivers /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5964.

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Fannin, Christopher A. "Design of an Analog Adaptive Piezoelectric Sensoriactuator." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37020.

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In order for a piezoelectric transducer to be used as a sensor and actuator simultaneously, a direct charge due to the applied voltage must be removed from the total response in order to allow observation of the mechanical response alone. Earlier researchers proposed electronic compensators to remove this term by creating a reference signal which destructively interferes with the direct piezoelectric charge output, leaving only the charge related to the mechanical response signal. This research presents alternative analog LMS adaptive filtering methods which accomplish the same result. The main advantage of the proposed analog compensation scheme is its ability to more closely match the order of the adaptive filter to the assumed dynamics of the piezostructure using an adaptive first-order high-pass filter. Theoretical and experimental results are provided along with a discussion of the difficulties encountered in trying to achieve perfect compensation of the feedthrough capacitive charge on a piezoelectric wafer.<br>Master of Science
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Noordin, Nurul Hazlina. "Adaptive array antenna design for wireless communication systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8950.

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Adaptive array antennas use has been limited to non-commercial applications due to their high cost and hardware complexity. The implementation cost of adaptive array antennas can be kept to a minimum by using cost effective antennas, reducing the number of elements in the array and implementing efficient beamforming techniques. This thesis presents techniques for the design of adaptive array antennas which will enable their cost effective implementation in wireless communication systems. The techniques are investigated from three perspectives, namely, reconfigurable antenna design, wide scan array design and single-port beamforming technique. A novel single-feed polarisation reconfigurable antenna design is proposed in the first stage of this study. Different polarisation states, namely, linear polarisation (LP), left-hand circular polarisation (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarisation (RHCP), are achieved by perturbing the shape of the main radiating structure of the antenna. The proposed antenna exhibits good axial ratio (< 3 dB at 2.4 GHz) and has high radiation efficiency in both polarisation modes (91.5 % - LHCP and 86.9 % - RHCP). With a compact single feeding structure, the antenna is suitable for implementation in wireless communication devices. The second stage of the study presents the design procedure of wide scan adaptive array antennas with reduced number of elements. Adaptive array antennas with limited number of elements have limited scanning range, reduced angular scanning resolution and high sidelobe levels. To date, design synthesis of adaptive array antennas has been targeted on arrays with a large number of elements. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of adaptive array antennas with less than 10 elements. Different array configurations are analysed and various array design parameters such as number of elements, separation between elements and orientation of the elements are analysed in terms of their 3 dB scan range. The proposed array, the 3-faceted array, achieves a scanning range up to ±70°, which is higher than ±56° obtained from the Uniform Linear Array. The faceted arrays are then evaluated in the context of adaptive beamforming properties. It was shown that the 3-faceted array is suitable for adaptive array applications in wireless communication systems as it achieves the highest directivity compared to other faceted structures. The 3-faceted array is then synthesised for low sidelobe level. Phase correction together with amplitude tapering technique is applied to the 3-faceted array. The use of conventional and tuneable windowing techniques on the 3- faceted array is also analysed. The final stage of the study investigates beamforming techniques for the adaptive array antenna. In the first part, beamforming algorithms using different performance criteria, which include maximum signal-to noise-ratio (SINR), minimum (mean-square Error) MSE and power minimisation, are evaluated. In the second part, single-port beamforming techniques are explored. In previous single-port beamforming methods, the spatial information of the signals is not fully recovered and this limits the use of conventional adaptive beamforming algorithms. In this thesis, a novel signal estimation technique using pseudo-inverse function for single-port beamforming is proposed. The proposed polarisation reconfigurable antenna, the 3-faceted array antenna and the single-port beamforming technique achieve the required performance, which suggests the potential of adaptive array antennas to be deployed commercially, especially in wireless communication industry.
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Charkas, Hasan Farouk. "Devising smart finite elements for adaptive analysis of inverse structural problems /." Search for this dissertation online, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Chamberlain, Forrest F. "The Smart Growth Implications of the Los Angeles Adaptive Reuse Ordinance." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1455.

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The Los Angeles Adaptive Reuse Ordinance (ARO) is an incentive program that encourages building reuse through regulatory exemptions. The ARO was partially intended to reduce vehicle miles travelled by encouraging mixed commercial and residential uses in existing buildings within Downtown Los Angeles and areas poised for redevelopment (Mayor’s Office of Economic Development, 2004, pp. 22, 51). Researchers and planners claim that the ARO helped to reduce vehicle miles travelled (Bell, 2014; Los Angeles Department of City Planning, 2014d; Bullen & Love, 2009; Bernstein, 2012), but these claims are not supported by discussions of the spatial distribution of ARO projects in relation to transit, or if the ARO accelerated, or hindered, infill transit-oriented development projects. This thesis aims to better understand the contributions of the ARO to transit-oriented growth in the City of Los Angeles. Two methods of analysis are used: a spatial analysis examining the number of ARO projects within a half-mile radius of Metro stations, and a statistical analysis examining the number of new buildings constructed in Downtown Los Angeles from 1985 to 2013. The majority of ARO projects (72%) have been developed within a half-mile radius of Metro rail stations. The ARO appears to have accelerated downtown development activity since its adoption in 1999, reversing a lull in development that had been occurring in the area since the late 1980s. Findings suggest that the ARO has helped to accommodate and spur transit-oriented growth while preserving historic resources in the City of Los Angeles.
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Huang, Fei, and 黄菲. "Design and analysis of transmission protocols in wireless networks with smart antennas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46421610.

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Bin, Che Ghani Saiful Anwar. "Design and analysis of the internally cooled smart cutting tools with the applications to adaptive machining." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7687.

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Adaptive machining with internally cooled smart cutting tools is a smart solution for industrial applications, which have stringent manufacturing requirements such as contamination free machining (CFM), high material removal rate, low tool wear and better surface integrity. The absence of cutting fluid in CFM causes the cutting tool and the workpiece subject to great thermal loads owing to higher friction and adhesion, and as a result may increase the levels of tool wear drastically. The increase in cutting temperature may influence the chip morphology which in return producing metal chips in unfavourable ribbon or snarl forms. CFM is difficult to be realized as contaminants can be in various forms in the machining operation and to avoid them totally requires a very tight controlled condition. However, the ecological, economical and technological demands compel the manufacturing practitioners to implement environmentally clean machining process (ECMP). Machining with innovative cooling techniques such as heat pipe, single-phase microduct, cryogenic or minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) has been intensely researched in recent years in order to reduce the cutting temperature in ECMP, thus enabling the part quality, the tool life and the material removal rate achieved in ECMP at least equate or surpass those obtained in conventional machining. On the other hand, the reduction of cutting temperature by using these techniques is often superfluous and is adverse to the produced surface roughness as the work material tends to inherent brittle and hard property at low temperature. Open cooling system means the machining requires a constant cooling supply and it does not provide a solution for process condition feedback as well.This Ph.D. project aims to investigate the design and analysis of internally cooled cutting tools and their implementation and application perspectives for smart adaptive machining in particular. Circulating the water based cooling fluid in a closed loop circuit contributes to sustainable manufacturing. The advantage of reducing cutting temperature from localized heat at the tool tip of an internally cooled cutting tool is enhanced with the smart features of the tool, which is trained by real experimental data, to cognitively vary the coolant flow rate, cutting feed rate or/and cutting speed to control the critical machining temperature as well as optimum machining conditions. Environmental friendly internal micro-cooling can avoid contamination of generated swarf which can also reduce the cutting temperature and thus reduce tool wear, increase machining accuracy and optimize machining economics. Design of the smart cutting tool with internal micro-cooling not only takes into account of the environmental aspects but also justifies with its ability to reduce the machining cost. Reduction of production cost can be achieved with the lower consumption of cooling fluid and improved machining resources/ energy efficiency. The models of structural, heat transfer, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and tool life provide useful insight of the performance of the internally cooled smart cutting tool. Experimental validation using the smart cutting tool to machine titanium, steel and aluminium, indicates that the application of internally cooled smart cutting tools in adaptive machining can improve machining performance such as cutting temperature, cutting forces and surface quality generated. The useful tool life span is also extended significantly with internally cooled smart cutting tools in comparison to the tool life in conventional machining. The internally cooled smart cutting tool has important implications in the application to ECMP particularly by overcoming the stigma of high uncontrollable cutting temperature with the absence of cooling fluid.
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Kim, Sang-youb. "A fast estimation algorithm of array response vector for adaptive smart antenna systems /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Ng, Kok Keng. "Smart antenna application in DS-CDMA mobile communication system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FNg.pdf.

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23

Qela, Blerim. "Adaptive Systems for Smart Buildings Utilizing Wireless Sensor Networks and Artificial Intelligence." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20553.

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In this thesis, research efforts are dedicated towards the development of practical adaptable techniques to be used in Smart Homes and Buildings, with the aim to improve energy management and conservation, while enhancing the learning capabilities of Programmable Communicating Thermostats (PCT) – “transforming” them into smart adaptable devices, i.e., “Smart Thermostats”. An Adaptable Hybrid Intelligent System utilizing Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques is presented, based on which, a novel Adaptive Learning System (ALS) model utilizing WSN, a rule-based system and Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART) concepts is proposed. The main goal of the ALS is to adapt to the occupant’s pattern and/or schedule changes by providing comfort, while not ignoring the energy conservation aspect. The proposed ALS analytical model is a technique which enables PCTs to learn and adapt to user input pattern changes and/or other parameters of interest. A new algorithm for finding the global maximum in a predefined interval within a two dimensional space is proposed. The proposed algorithm is a synergy of reward/punish concepts from the reinforcement learning (RL) and agent-based technique, for use in small-scale embedded systems with limited memory and/or processing power, such as the wireless sensor/actuator nodes. An application is implemented to observe the algorithm at work and to demonstrate its main features. It was observed that the “RL and Agent-based Search”, versus the “RL only” technique, yielded better performance results with respect to the number of iterations and function evaluations needed to find the global maximum. Furthermore, a “House Simulator” is developed as a tool to simulate house heating/cooling systems and to assist in the practical implementation of the ALS model under different scenarios. The main building blocks of the simulator are the “House Simulator”, the “Smart Thermostat”, and a placeholder for the “Adaptive Learning Models”. As a result, a novel adaptive learning algorithm, “Observe, Learn and Adapt” (OLA) is proposed and demonstrated, reflecting the main features of the ALS model. Its evaluation is achieved with the aid of the “House Simulator”. OLA, with the use of sensors and the application of the ALS model learning technique, captures the essence of an actual PCT reflecting a smart and adaptable device. The experimental performance results indicate adaptability and potential energy savings of the single in comparison to the zone controlled scenarios with the OLA capabilities being enabled.
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Juuso, E. (Esko). "Integration of intelligent systems in development of smart adaptive systems:linguistic equation approach." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526202891.

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Abstract Smart adaptive systems provide advanced tools for monitoring, control, diagnostics and management of nonlinear multivariate processes. Data mining with a multitude of methodologies is a good basis for the integration of intelligent systems. Small, specialised systems have a large number of feasible solutions, but highly complex systems require domain expertise and more compact approaches at the basic level. Linguistic equation (LE) approach originating from fuzzy logic is an efficient technique for these problems. This research is focused on the smart adaptive applications, where different intelligent modules are used in a smart way. The nonlinear scaling methodology based on advanced statistical analysis is the corner stone in representing the variable meanings in a compact way to introduce intelligent indices for control and diagnostics. The new constraint handling together with generalised norms and moments facilitates recursive parameter estimation approaches for the adaptive scaling. Well-known linear methodologies are used for the steady state, dynamic and case-based modelling in connection with the cascade and interactive structures in building complex large scale applications. To achieve insight and robustness the parameters are defined separately for the scaling and the interactions. The LE based intelligent analysers are useful in the multilevel LE control and diagnostics: the LE control is enhanced with the intelligent analysers, adaptive and model-based modules and high level control. The operating area is extended with the predefined adaptation and specific events activate appropriate control actions. The condition, stress and trend indices are used for the detection of operating conditions. The same overall structure is extended to the scheduling and managerial decision support. The linguistic representation becomes increasingly important when the human interaction is essential. The new scaling approach is used in control and diagnostic applications and discussed in connection with previous multivariate modelling cases. The LE based intelligent analysers are the key modules of the system integration, which produces hybrid systems: fuzzy systems move gradually to higher levels, neural networks and evolutionary computing are used for tuning. The overall system is reinforced with advanced statistical analysis, signal processing, feature extraction, classification and mechanistic modelling<br>Tiivistelmä Viisaat mukautuvat järjestelmät sisältävät kehittyneitä työkaluja epälineaaristen monimuuttujaisten prosessien valvontaan, säätöön, diagnostiikkaan ja johtamiseen. Laajaan menetelmäpohjaan perustuva tiedonrikastus on pohjana älykkäiden järjestelmien yhdistämiselle. Pienille erikoistuneille järjestelmille on monia toteutettavissa olevia ratkaisuja, mutta erittäin monimutkaiset järjestelmät vaativat alan asiantuntemusta ja kompakteja lähestymistapoja perustasolla. Sumeaan logiikkaan pohjautuva lingvististen yhtälöiden (linguistic equation, LE) menetelmä on tehokas ratkaisu näissä ongelma-alueissa. Tämä tutkimus kohdistuu viisaisiin mukautuviin sovelluksiin, jossa useita älykkäitä moduuleja käytetään yhdessä viisaalla tavalla. Kehittyneeseen tilastolliseen analyysiin perustuva epälineaarinen skaalausmenetelmä muodostaa ratkaisun kulmakiven: muuttujien merkitykset soveltuvat säädössä ja diagnostiikassa käytettävien älykkäiden indeksien kehittämiseen. Uudet rajoituksien käsittelymenetelmät yhdessä yleistettyjen normien ja momenttien kanssa mahdollistavat rekursiivisen parametriestimoinnin olosuhteisiin mukautuvassa skaalauksessa. Tunnettuja lineaarisia menetelmiä käytetään staattisessa, dynaamisessa ja tapauspohjaisessa mallintamisessa, jossa kaskadi- ja vuorovaikutusrakenteet laajentavat mallit tarvittaessa monimutkaisiin sovelluksiin. Prosessituntemuksen ja järjestelmien robustisuuden varmistamiseksi parametrit määritellään erikseen skaalausta ja vuorovaikutuksia varten. LE-pohjaiset älykkäät analysaattorit ovat hyödyllisiä monitasoisessa säädössä ja diagnostiikassa: LE-säätöä parannetaan älykkäiden analysaattorien, adaptiivisten ja mallipohjaisten moduulien sekä ylemmän tason säädön avulla. Käyttöaluetta laajennetaan ennalta määrätyllä adaptoinnilla sekä tiettyjen tapahtumien aktivoimilla erityisillä säätötoimenpiteillä. Kunto-, rasitus- ja trendi-indeksejä käytetään olosuhteiden tunnistamiseen. Sama rakenne laajennetaan tuotannon ajoitukseen ja päätöksenteontukeen, jossa inhimillisen vuorovaikutuksen käsittely tekee lingvistisen esityksen yhä tärkeämmäksi. Uutta skaalausmenetelmää tarkastellaan säätö- ja diagnostiikkasovelluksissa sekä vertaillaan lyhyesti sen käyttömahdollisuuksia aikaisemmin toteutetuissa monimuuttujamalleissa. LE-pohjaiset älykkäät analysaattorit ovat keskeisiä integroitaessa moduuleja hybridiratkaisuiksi: sumeat järjestelmät siirtyvät vähitellen ylemmille tasoille ja neuro- ja evoluutiolaskennassa keskitytään järjestelmien viritykseen. Kokonaisjärjestelmää vahvistetaan kehittyneellä tilastollisella analyysilla, signaalinkäsittelyllä, piirteiden erottamisella, luokittelulla ja mekanistisella mallintamisella
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Kapsali, Veronika. "Metropolitan comfort : biomimetic interpretation of hygroscopic botanical mechanisms into a smart textile for the management of physiological discomfort during urban travel." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521206.

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This project investigates the experience of physiological discomfort during travel through an urban environment such as London or New York in winter. The over and underground networks that lace a current metropolis, form vital passages that lead the traveller though a multitude of spaces each defined by unique temperature, humidity and activity level. It is impossible to predict possible eventualities and consequently accommodate in a selection of clothing to ensure physiological comfort. Modular clothing assemblies are currently employed for the management of physiological comfort to adjust the insulation and ventilation properties of a clothing system and rely on combinations of behavioural methods and textile properties. This method is compromised by factors such as limited availability of space and wearer’s ability to detect and respond to the onset of discomfort sensations. Current smart systems rely on temperature as a stimulus for actuation. Experimental work suggests that humidity is a more suitable trigger. Botanical mechanisms that employ hygroscopic expansion/contraction for seed and spore deployment were identified as paradigms for the development of a smart textile system. Biomimetic analysis of these natural mechanisms inspired the design of a textile prototype able to adapt its water vapour resistance in response to humidity changes in the microclimate of the clothing system. The resulting structure decreases its permeability to air by 20% gradually as relative humidity increases from 60% to 90%.
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Khandan, Rasoul. "Smart passive adaptive control of laminated composite plates (through optimisation of fibre orientation)." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2013. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/20974/.

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In the classical laminate plate theory for composite materials, it is assumed that the laminate is thin compared to its lateral dimensions and straight lines normal to the middle surface remain straight and normal to the surface after deformation. As a result, the induced twist which is due to the transverse shear stresses and strains are neglected. Also, this induced twist was considered as an unwanted displacement and hence was ignored. However, in certain cases this induced twist would not be redundant and can be a useful displacement to control the behaviour of the composite structure passively. In order to use this induced twist, there is a need for a modified model to predict the behaviour of laminated composites. A composite normally consists of two materials; matrix and fibres. Fibres can be embedded in different orientations in composite lay-ups. In this research, laminated composite models subject to transfer shear effect are studied. A semi analytical model based on Newton-Kantorovich-Quadrature Method is proposed. The presented model can estimate the induced twist displacement accurately. Unlike other semi analytical model, the new model is able to solve out of plane loads as well as in plane loads. It is important to mention that the constitutive equations of the composite materials (and as a result the induced twist) are determined by the orientation of fibres in laminae. The orientation of composite fibres can be optimised for specific load cases, such as longitudinal and in-plane loading. However, the methodologies utilised in these studies cannot be used for general analysis such as out of plane loading problems. This research presents a model whereby the thickness of laminated composite plates is minimised (for a desirable twist angle) by optimising the fibre orientations for different load cases. In the proposed model, the effect of transverse shear is considered. Simulated annealing (SA), which is a type of stochastic optimisation method, is used to search for the optimal design. This optimisation algorithm is not based on the starting point and it can escape from the local optimum points. In accordance with the annealing process where temperature decreases gradually, this algorithm converges to the global minimum. In this research, the Tsai-Wu failure criterion for composite laminate is chosen which is operationally simple and readily amenable to computational procedures. In addition, this criterion shows the difference between tensile and compressive strengths, through its linear terms. The numerical results are obtained and compared to the experimental data to validate the methodology. It is shown that there is a good agreement between finite element and experimental results. Also, results of the proposed simulated annealing optimisation model are compared to the outcomes from previous research with specific loading where the validity of the model is investigated.
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Prielipp, Riccardo, Carlo Emanuel, Nadine Göhlert, et al. "Abschlussbericht des Verbundvorhabens „Adaptive Smart Service Systeme zur Optimierung und Steuerung von Produktionssystemen auf Basis bedarfsorientiert konfigurierbarer Smart Data Bausteine (Plug_and_Control)“." Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2021. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75007.

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Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens 'Plug_and_Control' war die Erarbeitung und prototypische Umsetzung eines Konzepts für flexibel konfigurierbare, standardisierte Datenbausteine zur Erfassung und Verarbeitung von Daten aus unterschiedlichen internen und externen Datenquellen von Produktionsunternehmen. Durch diese Datenbausteine sollte zum einen die Auftrennung des betrieblichen Datenstroms in Informationen, die unbedenklich bspw. in einer Cloud gespeichert werden können, und in sensible Daten, die zwingend im Unternehmen verbleiben müssen, realisiert werden. Zum anderen sollte durch den modularen Bausteinansatz die notwendige Flexibilität für eine Anwendung für verschiedene Problemstellungen in beliebigen Unternehmen geschaffen werden. Im entwickelten Konzept wurden fachlich zusammengehörige Daten in Datenbausteinen aggregiert, um eine Standardisierung, Qualitätssicherung sowie Echtzeit-Auswertung zu ermöglichen. Ergänzend wurden Lösungen zur Datenakquise aus Sensorik- und Maschinensteuerungsdaten sowie zur cloudbasierten Speicherung und bedarfsorientierten Verarbeitung der Daten generiert. Auf Basis der so entstandenen flexibel kombinierbaren Daten- und Methodenbausteine wurde ein modulares Dienstleistungsangebot geschaffen sowie prototypisch für verschiedene Anwendungsszenarien umgesetzt und validiert. Durch die im Projekt entwickelten Datenbausteine und deren individuelle Verknüpfung können technikbasierte Dienstleistungsprozesse zukünftig effizienter, flexibler und nutzenorientierter gestaltet werden. Der generierte Bausteinansatz stellt ein Bindeglied zwischen notwendiger Standardisierung und spezifischen Anforderungen für individualisierte Dienstleistungen dar. Neben den prototypischen Lösungen für konkrete Anwendungsfälle im Sonder- und Textilmaschinenbau, der Teilefertigung und des Metallbaus entstanden im Projekt auch allgemeingültige Ergebnisse für flexibel konfigurierbare Dienstleistungen zur Produktionsoptimierung in verschiedenen Branchen. Produktionsunternehmen können somit ihre Daten nicht nur flexibel nutzen, sie sind gleichzeitig auch in die Lage, ihren Kunden modulare, technische Dienstleistungen anzubieten. Diese Dienstleistungen können dabei einerseits auf das Produkt bezogen sein, indem Kunden z.B. in der Entwicklungs-/ Beauftragungsphase die Konfiguration einer Anlage mitgestalten oder während der Erstellung den Auftragsfortschritt verfolgen und Änderungen bewerten können. Andererseits sind Dienstleistungen, die sich auf den Produktionsprozess beziehen, möglich – bspw. die Optimierung von Prozessen, des Ressourceneinsatzes oder der Verfügbarkeit sowie die Ergänzung bestehender bzw. Entwicklung neuer Geschäftsmodelle. Der vorliegende Schlussbericht fasst die erreichten Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse zusammen.:1 Das Projekt Plug_and_Control 1.1 Problemstellung und Motivation 1.2 Status Quo 1.3 Strategie & Forschungsfrage 1.4 Ziele des Projektes 2 Grundlagen digitaler Dienstleistungen 2.1 Definitionsrahmen digitaler Dienstleistungen 2.2 Beschreibung dienstleistungsbasierter Geschäftsmodelle mittels Gemini 4.0 Business Model Canvas 3 Projektkonsortium 3.1 Professur Fabrikplanung und Intralogistik der TU Chemnitz 3.2 ERMAFA Sondermaschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH 3.3 KRS - SEIGERT GmbH 3.4 Terrot GmbH 3.5 ICM - Institut Chemnitzer Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. 3.6 Hörmann Rawema Engineering & Consulting GmbH 3.7 Simba n³ GmbH 3.8 com2m GmbH 4 Digitales Dienstleistungskonzept 4.1 Anforderungen an die Methode 4.2 Modulares digitales Dienstleistungskonzept 4.3 Systembeschreibung 4.4 Zusammenhang von Servicekonzept & SDU-SMU-Sammlung 4.5 SDU-SMU-Bibliothek 5 Transfer in die Praxis 5.1 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Maschineneinstellungen für 3D-Drucker bestimmen“ 5.2 Prototypische Umsetzung zum Anwendungsfall „Instandhaltungsmanagement“ bei der ERMAFA Sondermaschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH 5.3 Prototypische Umsetzung zum Anwendungsfall „Maschineneinstellungen für die Kugelproduktion bestimmen“ bei der KRS - SEIGERT GmbH 5.4 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Auftragsmonitoring“ bei der Terrot GmbH 5.5 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Parameterbestimmung für den IHU-Prozess“ 5.6 Validierung und Verifikation 6 Methode zur Implementierung von Geschäftsmodellen 6.1 Prototyp ableiten 6.2 Prototyp implementieren 6.3 Prototyp testen 7 Zusammenfassung & Ausblick 8 Danksagung 9 Autorenverzeichnis 10 Veröffentlichungen & Vorträge 11 Quellenverzeichnis<br>The aim of the research project “Plug_and_Control” was the development and prototypical implementation of a concept for flexibly configurable, standardized data modules for the acquisition and processing of data from different internal and external data sources of production companies. On the one hand, these data modules should separate the operational data stream into information that can be safely stored – for example in a cloud – and into sensitive data that must remain in the company. On the other hand, the modular building block approach should create the necessary flexibility for an application for various problems in any company. In the developed concept, related technical data were aggregated in data modules in order to enable standardization, quality assurance and real-time evaluation. In addition, solutions for data acquisition from sensor and machine control data as well as for cloud-based storage and demand-oriented processing of the data were generated. Based on the flexibly combinable data and method modules a modular range of services was created, implemented and validated as prototypes for various application scenarios. Due to the data modules and their individual linkage that were developed in the project, technology-based service processes can be made more efficient, flexible and user-oriented in the future. The generated building block approach represents a link between the necessary standardization and specific requirements for individualized services. In addition to the prototype solutions for specific applications in companies of textile and special mechanical engineering, parts manufacturing and metal construction, the research project also provides general results for flexibly configurable services for production optimization usable in various industries. So, production companies can not only use their data more flexibly, they are also able to offer their customers modular, technical services. This present final documentation of the research project “Plug_and_Control” summarizes the most important results and findings.:1 Das Projekt Plug_and_Control 1.1 Problemstellung und Motivation 1.2 Status Quo 1.3 Strategie & Forschungsfrage 1.4 Ziele des Projektes 2 Grundlagen digitaler Dienstleistungen 2.1 Definitionsrahmen digitaler Dienstleistungen 2.2 Beschreibung dienstleistungsbasierter Geschäftsmodelle mittels Gemini 4.0 Business Model Canvas 3 Projektkonsortium 3.1 Professur Fabrikplanung und Intralogistik der TU Chemnitz 3.2 ERMAFA Sondermaschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH 3.3 KRS - SEIGERT GmbH 3.4 Terrot GmbH 3.5 ICM - Institut Chemnitzer Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. 3.6 Hörmann Rawema Engineering & Consulting GmbH 3.7 Simba n³ GmbH 3.8 com2m GmbH 4 Digitales Dienstleistungskonzept 4.1 Anforderungen an die Methode 4.2 Modulares digitales Dienstleistungskonzept 4.3 Systembeschreibung 4.4 Zusammenhang von Servicekonzept & SDU-SMU-Sammlung 4.5 SDU-SMU-Bibliothek 5 Transfer in die Praxis 5.1 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Maschineneinstellungen für 3D-Drucker bestimmen“ 5.2 Prototypische Umsetzung zum Anwendungsfall „Instandhaltungsmanagement“ bei der ERMAFA Sondermaschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH 5.3 Prototypische Umsetzung zum Anwendungsfall „Maschineneinstellungen für die Kugelproduktion bestimmen“ bei der KRS - SEIGERT GmbH 5.4 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Auftragsmonitoring“ bei der Terrot GmbH 5.5 Prototypische Umsetzung des Anwendungsfalls „Parameterbestimmung für den IHU-Prozess“ 5.6 Validierung und Verifikation 6 Methode zur Implementierung von Geschäftsmodellen 6.1 Prototyp ableiten 6.2 Prototyp implementieren 6.3 Prototyp testen 7 Zusammenfassung & Ausblick 8 Danksagung 9 Autorenverzeichnis 10 Veröffentlichungen & Vorträge 11 Quellenverzeichnis
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Al-Ogaili, Rasha, and Zaid Al-Ogaili. "A Study on the Transition of the Adaptive into Responsive Web Design Methods on Smart Devices." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap (DV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-61204.

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In the fast-paced technological revolution, technology has formed itself differently to facilitate the way to users to get their needs. As a matter of fact, people nowadays rely to a great extent on the smart devices as one of the essential creations of technology. They tend to access any website or web-application(s) through these devices fast and easily. Thus, paying enough attention to the design of any website or web-application is a major issue. This thesis project discusses the Responsive and Adaptive Design Methods as two important methods in terms of Websites and Web-Design. The methods have been theoretically discussed and explained to present the essential differences between them. Moreover, MyMusiC website has been implemented to show the differences between these methods practically. The prominent difference between the Responsive and Adaptive de-signs of the website makes it easy for the users to figure out the difference between the two design methods in terms of accessibility and ease of navigation. The results showed that the Responsive design is more user-friendly and more preferred by the users than the Adaptive design, as the users tend to use their smart devices first when they want to access a website than the computers.
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29

Petrus, Paul. "Novel Adaptive Array Algorithms and Their Impact on Cellular System Capacity." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30375.

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This report focuses on the application of adaptive arrays to the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) cellular systems. Adaptive arrays have been proposed as early as in the 1960s to improve the signal quality, but most of its applications were restricted to defense purposes. Recently, there has been a surge in interest of applying adaptive arrays for cellular systems. This work introduces new blind adaptive array algorithms for AMPS and CDMA signals. The theoretical capacity limit using an adaptive array at the base station for an AMPS cellular system is derived in this work. One of the significant contributions in this research is a macrocell channel model which provides angle-of-arrival (AOA) statistics of the multipath components. Practical issues involved in the implementation of an adaptive array are addressed and the author's implementation of an 8-element adaptive array operating at 2.05 GHz is explained. This research also analyzes the capacity that can be o ered by an adaptive array in a system where CDMA users co-exist with existing AMPS users. A novel cellular CDMA system which exploits adaptive arrays is introduced and the capacity o ered by this system is compared with existing and other systems exploiting spatial dimension.<br>Ph. D.
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Zhou, Su-Wei. "Coupled electro-mechanical system modeling and experimental investigation of piezoelectric actuator-driven adaptive structures." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-165825/.

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31

Frazao, Rodrigo José Albuquerque. "PMU based situation awareness for smart distribution grids." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT061/document.

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Une infrastructure robuste de surveillance basée sur des mesures numériques classiques est souvent utilisée pour permettre une gestion efficace du réseau de distribution électrique, néanmoins les mesures de phaseurs synchronisés, également connu comme synchrophaseurs, sont particulièrement efficaces pour améliorer la capacité de gestion et la surveillance de ces réseaux. Le synchrophaseur est un phaseur numériquement calculé à partir des échantillons de données en utilisant une source temporelle absolue pour un horodatage extrêmement précis des mesures effectuées.De ce fait, les applications des synchrophaseurs sont très nombreuses dans les réseaux électriques, en particulier dans les réseaux de transport. Ils permettent notamment de mesurer la différence angulaire entre les noeuds, l'estimation d'état linéaire, détecter l'îlotage, surveiller la stabilité oscillatoire, et détecter et identifier les défauts. Ainsi, nous pourrions être amenés à croire que pour apporter les avantages bien connus des mesures synchronisées vers les réseaux de distribution électriques, il serait seulement nécessaire de placer les Unités de Mesure de Phaseur, également connu par l'abréviation anglophone PMU, d'une manière directe dans l'environnement de la distribution électrique. Malheureusement, cette tâchen'est pas aussi évidente qu'elle n'y paraît.Les réseaux de distribution électriques et les réseaux de transport ont des caractéristiques opérationnelles différentes, donc les PMUs dédiées aux réseaux de distribution doivent avoir des caractéristiques différentes de celles consacrées aux réseaux haute tension. Les réseaux de distribution intelligents possèdent des longueurs de ligne plus courtes en produisant une ouverture angulaire plus petite entre les noeuds adjacents. En outre, le contenu harmonique élevé et la déviation en fréquence imposent aussi des défis pour l'estimation des phaseurs. Les appareils synchronisés avancés dédiés pour la surveillance du réseau de distribution doivent surmonter ces défis afin de mener la précision des mesures au-delà des exigences actuelles.Cette problématique globale est traitée et évaluée dans la présente thèse. La précision de l'estimation de phaseur est directement liée à la performance de l'algorithme utilisé pour traiter les données. Une grande robustesse contre les effets pernicieux qui peuvent dégrader la qualité des estimations est fortement souhaitée. De ce fait, trois algorithmes adaptifs en fréquence sont présentés en visant l'amélioration du processus d'estimation des mesures de phaseurs dans les réseaux de distribution actifs. Plusieurs simulations en utilisant des signaux corrompus sont réalisées pour évaluer leurs performances dans des conditions statiques et/ou dynamiques.Prenant en compte l'estimation précise des phaseurs, quatre applications potentielles sont présentées pour augmenter la perception, la compréhension et la projection des actions dans les réseaux de distribution. Des contributions sont apportées concernant le circuit équivalent de Thévenin vu par le point de couplage commun (PCC) entre la production décentralisée et les réseaux de distribution. Des contributions sont également apportées pour les équivalents dynamiques externes et l'évaluation de la chute de tension dans les réseaux moyenne-tension radiaux, ainsi que l'évaluation de la problématique des harmoniques pour l'amélioration de la méthode classique nomée PH (puissance active harmonique) pour détecter à la fois la principale source de pollution harmonique et le vrai flux de puissance harmonique sous déviation en fréquence.Le sujet des mesures de phaseurs synchronisés dans le réseaux électrique de distribution est encore peu exploré et les questionnements quant à son applicabilité sont communs, néanmoins cette thèse vise à fournir des propositions pour contribuer à l'avènement de mesures de phaseurs dans l'environnement de la distribution électrique<br>Robust metering infrastructure based on classical digital measurements has been used to enable a comprehensive power distribution network management, however synchronized phasor measurements, also known as synchrophasors, are especially welcome to improve the overall framework capabilities. Synchrophasor is a phasor digitally computed from data samples using an absolute and accuracy time source as reference. In this way, since the absolute time source has sufficient accuracy to synchronize voltage and current measurements at geographically distant locations, it is possible to extract valuable informations of the real grid operating status without full knowledge of its characteristics.Due to this fact, applications of synchronized phasor measurements in wide-area management systems (WAMSs) have been achieved. Angular separation, linear state estimation, islanding detection, oscillatory stability, and disturbance location identification are some of the several applications that have been proposed. Thus, we could be lead to believe that to bring the well-known benefits of the synchronized measurements toward electric distribution grids it is only required to place in a straightforward manner conventional Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) into the electric distribution environment. Unfortunately, this is not as simple as it seems.Electric power distribution systems and high-voltage power systems have different operational characteristics, hence PMUs or PMU-enabled IEDs dedicated to distribution systems should have different features from those devoted to the high-voltage systems. Active distribution grids with shorter line lengths produce smaller angular aperture between their adjacent busbars. In addition, high harmonic content and frequency deviation impose more challenges for estimating phasors. Generally, frequency deviation is related to high-voltage power systems, however, due to the interconnected nature of the overall power system, frequency deviation can be propagated toward the distribution grid. The integration of multiple high-rate DERs with poor control capabilities can also impose local frequency drift. Advanced synchronized devices dedicated to smart monitoring framework must overcome these challenges in order to lead the measurement accuracy beyond the levels stipulated by current standard requirements.This overall problematic is treated and evaluated in the present thesis. Phasor estimation accuracy is directly related to the algorithm's performance used for processing the incoming data. Robustness against pernicious effects that can degrade the quality of the estimates is highly desired. Due to this fact, three frequency-adaptive algorithms are presented aiming to boost the phasor estimation process in active distribution grids. Several simulations using spurious and distorted signals are performed for evaluating their performances under static and/or dynamic conditions.Taking into account accurate phasor estimates, four potential applications are presented seeking to increase situational awareness in distribution environment. Contributions are presented concerning online Thévenin's equivalent (TE) circuit seen by the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) between DERs and the grid side, dynamic external equivalents and online three-phase voltage drop assessment in primary radial distribution grids, as well as assessment of harmonic issues for improving the classical PH method (harmonic active power) to detect both the main source of harmonic pollution and true power flow direction under frequency deviation.The issue of synchronized phasor measurements in electric power distribution systems is still underexplored and suspicions about its applicability are common, however this thesis aims to provide propositions to contribute with the advent of phasor measurements in electric distribution environment
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Abusultan, Monther Younis. "Digital implementation of direction-of-arrival estimation techniques for smart antenna systems." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/abusultan/AbusultanM0510.pdf.

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Adaptive antenna arrays use multiple antenna elements to form directional patterns in order to improve the performance of wireless communication systems. The antenna arrays also have the ability to detect the direction of incoming signals. These two capabilities allow a smart antenna system to adaptively beamform to more efficiently communicate between nodes. The direction-of-arrival estimation is a crucial component of the smart antenna system that uses open-loop adaptive approach. Historically this estimation has been accomplished using a personal computer. Implementing the estimation in the digital domain has the potential to provide a low cost and light weight solution due to recent advances in digital integrated circuit fabrication processes. Furthermore, digital circuitry allows for more sophisticated estimation algorithms to be implemented using the computational power of modern digital devices. This thesis presents the design and prototyping of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for a smart antenna system implemented on a reconfigurable digital hardware fabric. Two DOA estimation algorithms are implemented and the performance tradeoffs between a custom hardware approach and a microprocessor-based system are compared. The algorithms were implemented for a 5.8 GHz, 8-element circular antenna array and their functionality was verified using a testbed platform. The implementation and analysis presented in this work will aid system designers to understand the tradeoffs between implementing algorithms in custom hardware versus an embedded system and when a hybrid approach is more advantageous.
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Caliaro, Marco [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Speck, and Olga [Akademischer Betreuer] Speck. "Smart Materials – Adaptive pflanzliche Strukturen als Ideengeber für innovative technische Verbundmaterialien mit steuerbarer Steifigkeitsregulation." Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1240610181/34.

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34

Kavi, Moses. "Smart protection system for future power system distribution networks with increased distributed energy resources." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/124628/1/Moses_Kavi_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigates the impact of increased penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) on the power system distribution network protection system which has been designed on the premise of passive radial network with unidirectional power flow. The investigation involved developing a multistage morphological fault detection and diagnostic tool called the decomposed open-close alternating sequence algorithm using a signal processing technique called mathematical morphology. This investigation culminated in proposing new strategies for; adaptive overcurrent protection in AC radial distribution network with increased DER penetration and high impedance arc-fault detection in AC and DC power distribution networks.
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Srivastava, Vikash Umeshchandra. "Smart Antennas & Power Management in Wireless Networks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31244.

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The proliferation of wireless ad-hoc networks especially wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11b Standard) in the commercial market in recent years has reached a critical mass. The adoption and strong support of wireless IEEE 802.11 standard, coupled with the consequent decline in costs, has made wireless LAN deployment as one of the fastest growth area in communication access technology. With the ever increasing use of wireless LAN technology the various networks are reaching their full capacity in terms of network throughput, number of users and interference level in the wireless channel. In this thesis work I propose to the use smart antenna technology and a power management scheme in the wireless ad-hoc networks to increase the network capacity in terms of throughput, number of simultaneous communication and to lower the average transmit power and consequently co-channel interference. Power management scheme can be used to maximize the power efficiency of the transmitter by choosing an optimum transmit power level. Smart antenna or adaptive antenna array technology has reached a level of sophistication that it is feasible to use it on small mobile terminals like handheld PDA, LAPTOP and other mobile devices with limited battery power. The simulation results of various ad â hoc network scenario shows that there are significant gains to be had if these technologies can be integrated in the existing wireless LAN physical layer and/or in the standard them self. Smart antennas along with slight modification in channel access scheme reduce co-channel interference dramatically and increases the number of simultaneous transmissions hence improves network throughput. Power management algorithm is shown to improve average transmission of a node. We present a mathematical framework to characterize the outage probability of cellular mobile radio system with selective co-channel interference receiver in overloaded array environments. The mathematical framework outlines a general numerical procedure for computing the probability of outage of a cellular mobile radio system that is equipped with a smart antenna to suppress a few strongest co-channel interferers (CCI) out of a total of NI active interferers by null steering.<br>Master of Science
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Rajvanshi, Kshitij. "Multi-Modal Smart Traffic Signal Control Using Connected Vehicles." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin147981730919519.

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37

Kiefer, Björn, Uwe Marschner, and S. Nima Mahoodi. "Special Issue: 2015 ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems (SMASIS), Symposium on Modeling, Simulation and Control of Adaptive Systems." Sage, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35629.

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The 2015 ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems (SMASIS) was held from 21 to 23 September 2015, in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The scope of the conference covers intelligent, flexible, adaptive materials and systems that respond to changes in the environment to perform in the most profitable way. Scientific strides and technological maturity in the field are linked to the interdisciplinary efforts at universities, government and industry. SMASIS aims at assembling world experts across engineering and scientific disciplines such as mechanical, aerospace, electrical, materials, and civil engineering, as well as biology, physics and chemistry, to discuss the latest findings and trends in this fruitful area of research.
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38

Thayalakumar, Sinnathurai. "Smart distributed processing technologies for hedge fund management." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19622.

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Distributed processing cluster design using commodity hardware and software has proven to be a technological breakthrough in the field of parallel and distributed computing. The research presented herein is the original investigation on distributed processing using hybrid processing clusters to improve the calculation efficiency of the compute-intensive applications. This has opened a new frontier in affordable supercomputing that can be utilised by businesses and industries at various levels. Distributed processing that uses commodity computer clusters has become extremely popular over recent years, particularly among university research groups and research organisations. The research work discussed herein addresses a bespoke-oriented design and implementation of highly specific and different types of distributed processing clusters with applied load balancing techniques that are well suited for particular business requirements. The research was performed in four phases, which are cohesively interconnected, to find a suitable solution using a new type of distributed processing approaches. The first phase is an implementation of a bespoke-type distributed processing cluster using an existing network of workstations as a calculation cluster based on a loosely coupled distributed process system design that has improved calculation efficiency of certain legacy applications. This approach has demonstrated how to design an innovative, cost-effective, and efficient way to utilise a workstation cluster for distributed processing. The second phase is to improve the calculation efficiency of the distributed processing system; a new type of load balancing system is designed to incorporate multiple processing devices. The load balancing system incorporates hardware, software and application related parameters to assigned calculation tasks to each processing devices accordingly. Three types of load balancing methods are tested, static, dynamic and hybrid, which each of them has their own advantages, and all three of them have further improved the calculation efficiency of the distributed processing system. The third phase is to facilitate the company to improve the batch processing application calculation time, and two separate dedicated calculation clusters are built using small form factor (SFF) computers and PCs as separate peer-to-peer (P2P) network based calculation clusters. Multiple batch processing applications were tested on theses clusters, and the results have shown consistent calculation time improvement across all the applications tested. In addition, dedicated clusters are built using SFF computers with reduced power consumption, small cluster size, and comparatively low cost to suit particular business needs. The fourth phase incorporates all the processing devices available in the company as a hybrid calculation cluster utilises various type of servers, workstations, and SFF computers to form a high-throughput distributed processing system that consolidates multiple calculations clusters. These clusters can be utilised as multiple mutually exclusive multiple clusters or combined as a single cluster depending on the applications used. The test results show considerable calculation time improvements by using consolidated calculation cluster in conjunction with rule-based load balancing techniques. The main design concept of the system is based on the original design that uses first principle methods and utilises existing LAN and separate P2P network infrastructures, hardware, and software. Tests and investigations conducted show promising results where the company's legacy applications can be modified and implemented with different types of distributed processing clusters to achieve calculation and processing efficiency for various applications within the company. The test results have confirmed the expected calculation time improvements in controlled environments and show that it is feasible to design and develop a bespoke-type dedicated distributed processing cluster using existing hardware, software, and low-cost SFF computers. Furthermore, a combination of bespoke distributed processing system with appropriate load balancing algorithms has shown considerable calculation time improvements for various legacy and bespoke applications. Hence, the bespoke design is better suited to provide a solution for the calculation of time improvements for critical problems currently faced by the sponsoring company.
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Cherif, Ch, R. Hickmann, A. Nocke, R. Fleischhauer, M. Kaliske, and S. Wießner. "Simulation-based development of adaptive fiber-elastomer composites with embedded shape memory alloys." Sage, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35618.

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Fiber-reinforced composites are currently being used in a wide range of lightweight constructions. Function integration, in particular, offers possibilities to develop new, innovative products for a variety of applications. The large amount of experimental testing required to investigate these novel material combinations often hinders their use in industrial applications. This paper presents an approach that allows the layout of adaptive, fiber-reinforced composites by the use of numerical simulation. In order to model the adaptive characteristics of this functional composite with textile-integrated shape memory alloys, a thermo-elastic simulation is considered by using the Finite Element method. For the numerical simulation, the parameters of the raw materials are identified and used to generate the model. The results of this simulation are validated through deflection measurements with a specimen consisting of a glass fiber fabric with structurally integrated shape memory alloys and an elastomeric matrix system. The achieved experimental and numerical results demonstrate the promising potential of adaptive, fiber-reinforced composites with large deformation capabilities.
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Giles, Adam R. "Deflection and shape change of smart composite laminates using shape memory alloy actuators." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7698.

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Shape memory materials have been known for many years to possess the unique ability of memorising their shape at some temperature. If these materials are pre-strained into the plastic range, they tend to recover their original un-strained shapes via phase transformation when subjected to heat stimulation. In recent years, this shape memory effect (SME) or strain recovery capability has been explored in aerospace structures for actuating the real-time movement of structural components. Among all the shape memory materials, the nickel-titanium based shape memory alloy (SMA) has by far received the most attention because of its high recovery capabilities. Since SMAs are usually drawn into the form of wires, they are particularly suitable for being integrated into fibre-reinforced composite structures. These integrated composite structures with SMA wires are thus called smart adaptive structures. To achieve the SME, these wires are normally embedded in the host composite structures. In returning to their unstrained shape upon heat application, they tend to exert internal stresses on the host composite structures in which they are embedded. This action could result in a controlled change in shape of the structural components. Although there has been a significant amount of research dedicated to characterising and modelling the SME of SMA wires, little experimental work had been done to offer an in-depth understanding of the mechanical behaviour of these smart adaptive polymeric composite structures. This project examined the deflection and shape change of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy cantilever beams through heating and cooling of internal nitinol SMA wires/strips. The heat damage mechanism and cyclic behaviour are major factors in the operation of such a system and need to be clearly understood in order to develop and gain confidence for the possible implementation of future smart actuating systems. Therefore, the objectives of the proposed research were to investigate (i) effect of embedding SMA, wires on mechanical properties of host composite, (ii) assessment of single-cycle and multiple-cycle actuation performance of smart beams, and (iii) thermal effects of excessive heat on the surrounding composite matrix.
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Xu, Mubing. "Adaptive-passive and active control of vibration and wave propagation in cylindrical shells using smart materials." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1123211712.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.<br>"August, 2005." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 12/27/2005) Advisor, Pizhong Qiao; Co-Advisor, Gangbing Song; Committee members, Wieslaw K. Binienda, Kevin L. Kreider, Paul C. K. Lam, Dane Quinn; Department Chair, Celal Batur, Wieslaw K. Binienda; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome Includes bibliographical references.
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Yao, Zhuo. "Smart Data Driven and Adaptive Modeling Framework for Quantifying Dynamic TAZ-based Household Travel Carbon Emissions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1460731814.

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43

Kim, Suk Won. "Smart Antennas at Handsets for the 3G Wideband CDMA Systems and Adaptive Low-Power Rake Combining Schemes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28365.

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Smart antenna technology is a promising means to overcome signal impairments in wireless personal communications. When spatial signal processing achieved through smart antennas is combined with temporal signal processing, the space-time processing can mitigate interference and multipath to yield higher network capacity, coverage, and quality. In this dissertation, we propose a dual smart antenna system incorporated into handsets for the third generation wireless personal communication systems in which the two antennas are separated by a quarter wavelength (3.5 cm). We examine the effectiveness of a dual smart antenna system with diversity and adaptive combining schemes and propose a new combining scheme called hybrid combining. The proposed hybrid combiner combines diversity combiner and adaptive combiner outputs using maximal ratio combining (MRC). Since these diversity combining and adaptive combining schemes exhibit somewhat opposite and complementary characteristics, the proposed hybrid combining scheme aims to exploit the advantages of the two schemes. To model dual antenna signals, we consider three channel models: loosely correlated fading channel model (LCFCM), spatially correlated fading channel model (SCFCM), and envelope correlated fading channel model (ECFCM). Each antenna signal is assumed to have independent Rayleigh fading in the LCFCM. In the SCFCM, each antenna signal is subject to the same Rayleigh fading, but is different in the phase due to a non-zero angle of arrival (AOA). The LCFCM and the SCFCM are useful to evaluate the upper and the lower bounds of the system performance. To model the actual channel of dual antenna signals lying in between these two channel models, the ECFCM is considered. In this model, two Rayleigh fading antenna signals for each multipath are assumed to have an envelope correlation and a phase difference due to a non-zero AOA. To obtain the channel profile, we adopted not only the geometrically based single bounce (GBSB) circular and elliptical models, but also the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) channel model. In this dissertation, we also propose a new generalized selection combining (GSC) method called minimum selection GSC (MS-GSC) and an adaptive rake combining scheme to reduce the power consumption of mobile rake receivers. The proposed MS-GSC selects a minimum number of branches as long as the combined SNR is maintained larger than a given threshold. The proposed adaptive rake combining scheme which dynamically determines the threshold values is applicable to the three GSC methods: the absolute threshold GSC, the normalized threshold GSC, and the proposed MS-GSC. Through simulation, we estimated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for a mobile rake receiver for a wideband CDMA system. We also suggest a new power control strategy to maximize the benefit of the proposed adaptive scheme.<br>Ph. D.
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Kakani, Naveen Kumar. "Algorithms for Efficient Utilization of Wireless Bandwidth and to Provide Quality-of-Service in Wireless Networks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2635/.

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This thesis presents algorithms to utilize the wireless bandwidth efficiently and at the same time meet the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the users. In the proposed algorithms we present an adaptive frame structure based upon the airlink frame loss probability and control the admission of call requests into the system based upon the load on the system and the QoS requirements of the incoming call requests. The performance of the proposed algorithms is studied by developing analytical formulations and simulation experiments. Finally we present an admission control algorithm which uses an adaptive delay computation algorithm to compute the queuing delay for each class of traffic and adapts the service rate and the reliability in the estimates based upon the deviation in the expected and obtained performance. We study the performance of the call admission control algorithm by simulation experiments. Simulation results for the adaptive frame structure algorithm show an improvement in the number of users in the system but there is a drop in the system throughput. In spite of the lower throughput the adaptive frame structure algorithm has fewer QoS delay violations. The adaptive call admission control algorithm adapts the call dropping probability of different classes of traffic and optimizes the system performance w.r.t the number of calls dropped and the reliability in meeting the QoS promised when the call is admitted into the system.
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Arat, Mustafa Ali. "Development and Improvement of Active Vehicle Safety Systems by Means of Smart Tire Technology." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51618.

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The dynamic behavior of a vehicle is predominantly controlled by the forces and moments generated at the contact patch between the tire and the road surface. As a result, tire characteristics can dramatically change vehicle response, especially during maneuvers that yields the tires to reach to the limits of its adhesion capacity. To assist the driver in such cases and to prevent other possible instability scenarios, various vehicle control systems e.g. anti-lock brakes (ABS), stability controllers (ESP, ESC) or rollover mitigation schemes are introduced, which are generally known as active vehicle safety systems. Based on the above facts, one can easily come to the conclusion that to improve upon the current control algorithms developed for the technology in use; a vehicle control system design requires accurate knowledge of the tire states. This study proposes the use of a smart tire system that can provide information on momentary variation of tire features through the sensor units attached directly on the tire and develops control algorithms based on this information to assure the match-up between tire and controller dynamics. A prototype smart tire system was developed for field testing and for detailed analysis of its potential. Based on the collected prototype data, novel observer and controller schemes were developed to obtain dynamic tire state information and to improve vehicle handling performance. The proposed algorithms were implemented and evaluated using numerical analysis in Matlab/SimulinkR environment. For a more realistic simulation environment, vehicle models were integrated from Mechanical Simulations CarSimR® software suite.<br>Ph. D.
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Houzé, Etienne. "A generic and adaptive approach to explainable AI in autonomic systems : the case of the smart home." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT022.

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Les maisons intelligentes sont des systèmes cyber-physiques dans lesquels de nombreux composants intéragissent les uns avec les autres pour accomplir des objectifs de haut niveau comme le confort ou la sécurité de l'occupant. Ces systèmes autonomiques sont capables de s'adapter sans demander d'intervention de la part de l'utilisateur: ce fonctionnement autonomique est difficile à comprendre pour l'occupant. Ce manque d'explicabilité peut être un frein à l'adoption plus large de tels systèmes. Depuis le milieu des années 2010, l'explicabilité des modèles complexes d'IA est devenue un sujet de recherche important. La difficulté à expliquer les systèmes autonomiques ne vient pas de la complexité des composants, mais plutôt de leur capacité d'adaptation qui peut entraîner des changements de configurations, de logique ou d'objectifs. Par ailleurs, l'hétérogénéité des dispositifs présents dans une maison intelligente complique la tâche. Afin de répondre à ces difficultés, nous proposons d'ajouter à un système autonomique de maison intelligente un système explicatif dont le rôle sera d'observer les différents contrôleurs, capteurs et équipements présents pour générer des explications à l'occupant. Nous définissons six objectifs pour un tel système. 1) Produire des explications contrastives, c'est-à-dire qui visent les situations inattendues ou non voulues. 2) Produire des explications peu profondes, dont les éléments sont causalement proches. 3) Être transparent: exposer son raisonnement et quels composants sont impliqués dans le processus. 4) Être capable de réflexivité, d'exposer ses propres états et changement d'état comme explications à un phénomène. 5) Être générique, pouvoir s'adapter à des composants et des architectures de systèmes autonomiques variées. 6) Respecter la protection des données et favoriser le traitement local, au plus près du capteur. Notre réflexion a abouti à un système explicatif dans lequel un composant central, nommé le ``Spotlight'' est guidé par l'algorithme D-CAS qui identifie trois éléments dans le processus: la détection de conflits par interprétation des observations, la propagation par abduction et la simulation de conséquences possibles. Ces trois étapes sont réalisées par des composants explicatifs locaux qui sont tour à tour interrogés par le Spotlight. Chaque composant local est relié à un capteur, actionneur ou contrôleur du système autonomique, et agit comme un expert dans le domaine associé. Cette organisation permet l'ajout de nouveaux composants, intégrant leurs connaissances au sein du système global sans demander de reconfiguration. Nous illustrons ce fonctionnement en réalisant un prototype générant des explications sur des cas typiques. Nous proposons que les composants explicatifs locaux soient des plateformes génériques pouvant être spécialisées par l'ajout de modules dont nous définissons les interfaces. Cette modularité permet d'intégrer des techniques diverses d'interprétation, d'abduction et de simulation. Notre système visant particulièrement des situations inhabituelles pour lesquelles les données peuvent être rares, les méthodes d'abduction basées sur les occurences passées sont inapplicables. Nous proposons une approche nouvelle : estimer la mémorabilité des événements afin d'utiliser les plus notables comme hypothèses pertinentes à un phénomène surprenant. Notre approche de haut niveau de l'explicabilité a une visée générique, et pose les bases pour des systèmes intégrant des modules plus avancés, permettant de garantir l'explicabilité d'une maison intelligente, mais aussi d'autres systèmes cyber-physiques<br>Smart homes are Cyber-Physical Systems where various components cooperate to fulfill high-level goals such as user comfort or safety. These autonomic systems can adapt at runtime without requiring human intervention. This adaptation is hard to understand for the occupant, which can hinder the adoption of smart home systems. Since the mid 2010s, explainable AI has been a topic of interest, aiming to open the black box of complex AI models. The difficulty to explain autonomic systems does not come from the intrinsic complexity of their components, but rather from their self-adaptation capability which leads changes of configuration, logic or goals at runtime. In addition, the diversity of smart home devices makes the task harder. To tackle this challenge, we propose to add an explanatory system to the existing smart home autonomic system, whose task is to observe the various controllers and devices to generate explanations. We define six goals for such a system. 1) To generate contrastive explanations in unexpected or unwanted situations. 2) To generate a shallow reasoning, whose different elements are causaly closely related to each other. 3) To be transparent, i.e. to expose its entire reasoning and which components are involved. 4) To be self-aware, integrating its reflective knowledge into the explanation. 5) To be generic and able to adapt to diverse components and system architectures. 6) To preserve privacy and favor locality of reasoning. Our proposed solution is an explanatory system in which a central component, name the ``Spotlight'', implements an algorithm named D-CAS. This algorithm identifies three elements in an explanatory process: conflict detection via observation interpretation, conflict propagation via abductive inference and simulation of possible consequences. All three steps are performed locally, by Local Explanatory Components which are sequentially interrogated by the Spotlight. Each Local Component is paired to an autonomic device or controller and act as an expert in the related knowledge domain. This organization enables the addition of new components, integrating their knowledge into the general system without need for reconfiguration. We illustrate this architecture and algorithm in a proof-of-concept demonstrator that generates explanations in typical use cases. We design Local Explanatory Components to be generic platforms that can be specialized by the addition of modules with predefined interfaces. This modularity enables the integration of various techniques for abduction, interpretation and simulation. Our system aims to handle unusual situations in which data may be scarce, making past occurrence-based abduction methods inoperable. We propose a novel approach: to estimate events memorability and use them as relevant hypotheses to a surprising phenomenon. Our high-level approach to explainability aims to be generic and paves the way towards systems integrating more advanced modules, guaranteeing smart home explainability. The overall method can also be used for other Cyber-Physical Systems
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47

Perles, Alexandre. "An adaptive multi-agent system for the distribution of intelligence in electrical distribution networks : state estimation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30017/document.

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L'électricité joue un rôle de plus en plus important dans notre société. En effet, nous nous dirigeons vers l'ère du "tout électrique". Les besoins évoluant, il est indispensable de repenser la manière dont l'électricité est produite et distribuée. Cela introduit le concept de Smart Grid. Le Smart Grid est un concept de réseau électrique capable de supporter de manière autonome et intelligente les changements et pannes qui pourraient survenir dans un réseau. Cela répond directement au fait que de part la nature fortement distribuée et l'imprédictibilité de l'environnement (météo, ...), ces événements sont imprévisibles. Pour cela, cette thèse propose un cadre applicatif (framework) innovant basé sur les multi-agents ainsi que la conception et l'implémentation de comportements coopératifs pour résoudre deux problémes courants dans les réseaux électriques: l'analyse des flux de puissance et l'estimation d'état. Ces problèmes ont été abordés avec l'approche des Systèmes Multi-Agent Adaptatifs. Ces systèmes sont efficaces pour résoudre des problèmes complexes et ont la capacité d'adapter leur fonctionnement aux évolutions de leur environnement. Les résultats obtenus indiquent la pertinence d'utiliser de tels systèmes adaptatifs pour résoudre les problèmes inhérents au concept de Smart Grid<br>Electricity plays an increasingly important role in our society. Indeed, we are moving toward the era of "everything electric". The needs evolving, it is mandatory to rethink the way electricity is produced and distributed. This then introduces the concept of an autonomous and intelligent power system called the Smart Grid. The Smart Grid is a concept of electrical network able to support autonomously any changes and faults that may occur. Obviously, the geographical distribution of electrical networks and the environment (weather conditions, ...) make it impossible to predict events that will occur. To do this, this study proposes an innovative agent-based framework as well as the design and implementation of cooperative agents behaviors aiming at solving common power systems related problems: the Load Flow analysis and the State Estimation. These issues have been addressed by the mean of Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems. These systems are known to be efficient to solve complex problems and have the ability to adapt their functioning to the evolutions of their environment. The results obtained show the relevance of using such self-adaptive systems to solve the issues inherent to the Smart Grid
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48

Thakur, Nirmalya. "Framework for a Context Aware Adaptive Intelligent Assistant for Activities of Daily Living." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1553528536685873.

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49

Puska, H. (Henri). "Code acquisition in direct sequence spread spectrum systems using smart antennas." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290497.

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Abstract In this doctoral thesis, initial code synchronization (i.e., code acquisition) of a direct sequence spread spectrum (DS/SS) system is studied when a smart antenna is used in a receiver. Code synchronization means time synchronization of the used spreading code in the receiver. After an introduction to the topic, a literature review of code acquisition is presented. In addition, a review of the results in the literature under fading, data modulation, Doppler, intentional interference, multiple-access interference, other system interference, and multiple antennas is given. After that, an overview of the smart antennas, especially focusing on digital beamforming and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms is presented. The end part of the thesis concentrates on the author’s own research of the topic. Original articles of this article dissertation have been classified according to their contents into two groups. The first group covers DS/SS code acquisition performance in intentional interference by exploiting how well different beamforming algorithms can eliminate narrowband and wideband interfering signals in the case, where the DOA of the desired signal is known. The obtained results show that most spatial beamforming algorithms are capable of cancelling multiple different types of interfering signals if they are not arriving from the same direction as the desired signal. If angle separation between desired and interfering signals is not sufficient, then more complex methods have to be used. The second group of articles focuses on a theoretical analysis of synchronization probabilities and mean acquisition times. If the DOA of the desired signal is unknown, the whole angular uncertainty region can be divided into small angular cells using beamforming techniques, as is proposed in the literature. Then there is a two-dimensional (delay-angle) acquisition problem. In this thesis, the research work of that area is expanded to cover also advanced beamforming techniques, since they offer increased interference suppression capability. It is shown that the code acquisition performance of the delay-angle method can be improved in some cases by adding a DOA estimator into the system, because it may reduce the number of required angular cells. In addition, such a minimum mean square error (MMSE) beamforming structure is proposed, where only one period of the known pseudo noise spreading code is used as a reference signal. The method was shown to have better acquisition performance than the delay-angle method has, since MMSE beamforming does not need DOA information. However, in this thesis, such a method was not found which outperforms the rest of the methods in all scenarios<br>Tiivistelmä Tässä väitöstyössä tutkitaan suorahajotushajaspektrijärjestelmän (DS/SS, direct sequence spread spectrum) koodisynkronoinnin etsintävaihetta, kun vastaanottimessa käytetään älyantennia. Koodisynkronoinnilla tarkoitetaan järjestelmän käyttämän hajotuskoodin ajastuksen synkronointia vastaanottimessa. Johdannon jälkeen esitetään kirjallisuuskatsaus koodisynkronointiin sekä tuodaan esille kirjallisuudesta löytyviä tutkimustuloksia aihepiiristä seuraavissa tilanteissa: häipyvä kanava, Doppler-ilmiö, tahallinen häirintä, monikäyttöhäiriö, muiden järjestelmien aiheuttama häiriö sekä moniantennijärjestelmät. Tämän jälkeen esitetään yleiskatsaus älyantenneihin kohdistuen erityisesti digitaalisiin keilanmuodostus- sekä suuntaestimointialgoritmeihin. Työn loppuosa keskittyy kirjoittajan omaan tutkimukseen aiheesta. Tämän nippuväitöskirjan alkuperäiset artikkelit on luokiteltu kahteen ryhmään niiden sisältöön perustuen. Ensimmäinen ryhmä käsittelee DS/SS-järjestelmän koodisynkronoinnin etsintävaiheen suorituskykyä tahallisessa häirinnässä tutkimalla, miten hyvin erilaiset keilanmuodostusalgoritmit kykenevät poistamaan kapea- ja leveäkaistaisia häirintäsignaaleja tilanteessa, jossa hyötysignaalin tulosuunta tiedetään. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että monet tilatason keilanmuodostusalgoritmit kykenevät poistamaan useita erityyppisiä häirintäsignaaleita, jos ne eivät saavu hyötysignaalin kanssa samasta suunnasta. Mikäli kulmaero hyöty- ja häirintäsignaalien välillä ei ole riittävä, joudutaan käyttämään rakenteeltaan monimutkaisempia menetelmiä. Toinen ryhmä artikkeleita keskittyy synkronointiin liittyvien todennäköisyyksien ja keskimääräisen etsintäajan teoreettiseen analyysiin. Jos hyötysignaalin tulosuunta on tuntematon, voidaan kulmaepävarmuusalue jakaa pieniin kulmasoluihin käyttäen keilanmuodostustekniikoita, kuten kirjallisuudessa esitetään. Tällöin kyseessä on kaksiulotteinen (viive-kulma) etsintäongelma. Tässä työssä kyseistä tutkimusaihetta laajennetaan koskemaan myös edistyneet keilanmuodostusmenetelmät, koska ne tarjoavat parantuneen häiriönvaimennuskyvyn. Työssä osoitetaan, että viive-kulma menetelmän suorituskykyä voidaan parantaa joissakin tilanteissa lisäämällä järjestelmään suuntaestimaattori, koska se saattaa vähentää tarvittavien kulmasolujen lukumäärää. Lisäksi tutkitaan sellaista pienimmän keskineliövirheen (MMSE, minimum mean square error) keilanmuodostusmenetelmää, jossa ainoastaan yhtä hajotuskoodin koodijaksoa käytetään opetukseen. Kyseisellä menetelmällä todettiin olevan parempi suorituskyky kuin viive-kulma etsinnällä, koska MMSE-menetelmä ei tarvitse suuntainformaatiota. Tässä työssä ei kuitenkaan löydetty yhtä sellaista menetelmää, jonka suorituskyky on muita parempi kaikissa tilanteissa
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50

Al-Anbagi, Irfan. "Quality of Service for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid Applications." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26186.

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Monitoring and controlling smart grid assets in a timely and reliable manner is highly desired for emerging smart grid applications. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are anticipated to be widely utilized in a broad range of smart grid applications due to their numerous advantages along with their successful adoption in various critical areas including military and health care. Despite these advantages, the use of WSNs in such critical applications has brought forward a new challenge of ful lling the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of these applications. Providing QoS support is a challenging issue due to highly resource constrained nature of sensor nodes, unreliable wireless links and harsh operation environments. In this thesis we critically investigate the problem of QoS provisioning in WSNs. We identify challenges, limitations and requirements for applying QoS provisioning for WSNs in smart grid applications. We nd that the topic of data prioritization techniques at the MAC layer to provide delay bounds in condition monitoring applications is not well developed. We develop six novel QoS schemes that provide data di erentiation and reduce the latency of high priority tra c in a smart grid context. These schemes are namely; Delay-Responsive Cross layer (DRX), Fair and Delay-aware Cross layer (FDRX), Delay-Responsive Cross layer with Linear backo (LDRX), Adaptive Realistic and Stable Model (ARSM), Adaptive Inter-cluster head Delay Control (AIDC) and QoS-aware GTS Allocation (QGA). Furthermore, we propose a new Markov-based model for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC namely, Realistic and Stable Markovbased (RSM). RSM considers actual network conditions and enhances the stability of the WSNs. We show through analytical and simulation results that all of the presented schemes reduce the end-to-end delay while maintaining good energy consumption and data delivery values.
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