To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Smart Borders.
Journal articles on the topic 'Smart Borders'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Smart Borders.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Petermann, T. "„Smart Borders“ durch Biometrie?" TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2004): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.13.1.80.
Full text
2
Hendow, Maegan, Alina Cibea, and Albert Kraler. "Using technology to draw borders: fundamental rights for the Smart Borders initiative." Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society 13, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jices-02-2014-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – This paper aims to examine the primary fundamental rights concerns related to biometrics and their use in automated border controls (ABCs), as well as how these issues converge in the European Commission’s Smart Borders proposal. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws on extensive background research and qualitative in-depth interviews conducted in 2013 for the European Union (EU) FP-7 project “FastPass – A harmonized, modular reference system for all European automatic border crossing points”. Findings – The Smart Borders proposal not only compounds the individual concerns related to the use of biometrics in border controls and automatisation thereof, but also has serious issues of its own, premier among which is the imposition of a two-tier border control system. Social implications – The paper is a catalyst for open debate on the fundamental questions of how we got to this point and where do we want to go. It questions the process by which the increased use of IT in border controls has become the norm and policy trend in Europe, and discusses where the limits could be drawn from a fundamental rights perspective. In particular, it warns against the institutionalisation of a two-tier border control system among third-country nationals. Originality/value – Little attention is given to the fundamental rights concerns raised for EU and non-EU citizens as related to biometrics and their use in ABCs, and how these issues are reproduced in the Smart Borders proposal. The paper fills this gap by taking a bottom-up approach: examining the implications of individual elements of the proposal to see their impact on the broader policy.
3
Handelman, Stephen. "Whose Border Is It, Anyway? Rethinking North America's Defences, from Smart Borders to Smart Missiles." International Journal 58, no. 3 (2003): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40203872.
Full text
4
Clarkson, Stephen. "Smart Borders and the Rise of Bilateralism." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 61, no. 3 (September 2006): 588–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070200606100305.
Full text
5
Vukov, Tamara. "Target Practice." Transfers 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2016.060107.
Full textAbstract:
Taking the Canada–U.S. border as a starting point to refl ect on emergent smart border practices, this essay analyzes the diff erential yet central place that race continues to hold in the regulation of mobilities through the technopolitical mechanism of the border. Against claims that smart borders off er a more scientifi c and “postracial” mode of border control, the essay off ers a situated conceptual refl ection on how race is currently being (re)shaped by the complex intersection of biopolitical and algorithmic forms of governmentality as they converge in border technologies. Th e essay proposes to think through four diff erent sets of smart border technologies that enact and track race as a biopolitical assemblage in particular ways, analyzing the associated perceptual codes each puts into play (biometric, movement sensing, drone, and databased). It closes by refl ecting on how these algorithmic technologies infl ect the biopolitical targeting of race and mobility in ways that serve to insulate smart border practices from democratic accoun tability.
6
Delmas, Adrien, and David Goeury. "Bordering the world as a response to emerging infectious disease. The case of SARS CoV-2." Borders in Globalization Review 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/bigr21202019760.
Full textAbstract:
Facing emerging zoonose SARS-CoV-2, states decided unilaterally to close borders to individuals and revealed deep processes at work ‘bordering of the world’. Smart borders promoted by international organizations have allowed the filtering of indispensables (merchandise, data, capital and key workers) from dispensables (human beings) and, above all, the redefinition of the balance of biopolitical power between state and society. The observation of the unprecedented phenomenon of the activation and generalization of the global border machinery captures a common global dynamic. After a round-the-world tour of border closures between 21 January and 7 July 2020, we concentrate on a few emblematic cases: the Schengen zone, the USA–Canada and USA–Mexico borders, Brazil–Uruguay, Malaysia–Singapore and Morocco–Spain. We interrogate the justification and the strategies of border closure in a context of the global spread of an emerging epidemic, going beyond the simple medical argument. Choices appear to be dependent on ideological orientations henceforth dominant on the function and role of borders. We will discuss the acceleration of the bordering of the world, the forms of its outcome and its difficult reversibility
7
Ackleson, Jason. "Securing through technology? “Smart borders” after September 11th." Knowledge, Technology & Policy 16, no. 1 (March 2003): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12130-003-1016-6.
Full text
8
Rodney, Lee. "Road Signs on the Border." Space and Culture 14, no. 4 (September 30, 2011): 384–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331211412250.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers the political impact of a series of billboards that appeared at the Windsor–Detroit border and the Tijuana–San Ysidro border between 1991 and 2007. While there is a significant asymmetry between the political tensions on the northern and southern borders of the United States, there are remarkable parallels and relays between events that have taken place in major cities on these borders that indicate that generalized border anxiety has spread far beyond the localized territory of the southern borderlands. In this heightened climate of border insecurity, artists and community groups have seized on the geopolitical confusion that has emerged in mainstream American media where issues such as terrorism and illegal migration have often been folded into the same discourse. While border regions are tightly controlled spaces, these projects have served to highlight contradictory narratives of globalization and security, unmasking national insecurities that have been submerged through the bureaucratic discourses of the North American Free Trade Agreement and the more recent Smart Border agreements.
9
Demedyuk, Olha, and Khrystyna Prytula. "Cross-border approach to regions’ smart specialization: experience of the EU member states." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.3.36-48.
Full textAbstract:
In the recent decade, the EU Member States have been actively implementing the regional development policy based on innovative strategies of smart specialization. However, lately, European researchers have been paying increasing attention to the issues of regions’ capacity to overcome the boundaries of administrative units inside the country and abroad and to the need to consider regions in the context of their functioning among others, especially from the viewpoint of the growing role of their innovative networks in global value chains. That is why currently the EU is addressing the development of cross-border smart specialization strategies.
The paper aims to study the European experience on the functioning of cross-border innovation systems and joint strategic planning of cross-border regions’ development based on smart specialization and to outline the opportunities to implement the EU experience of cross-border approach to smart specialization in cross-border regions of Ukraine with EU Member States.
The paper analyzes the views of foreign researchers on the links between innovation systems in cross-border space that constitute the theoretical basis of the study of cross-border smart specialization strategies, namely regarding the dimensions and level of their development. The research of European scientists on cross-border innovation systems in specific cross-border regions is examined, in particular on Spanish-French and German-French borders.
Directions of implementation of smart specialization projects in cross-border context under the EU programs and other EU instruments that support regions in cooperation for the elaboration of joint view of development with neighbouring economically, socially, culturally, and historically close regions are outlined.
The experience and methodology of the first cross-border smart specialization strategy for Spanish and Portuguese regions are studied in detail.
The opportunities to use the EU experience by several Western Ukrainian regions based on the joint smart specialization priorities with the neighboring EU states are outlined. For this purpose, 1) the RIS3 strategies of the regions of Poland and Romania adjoining Ukraine and Regional Development Strategies of respective Ukrainian regions were analyzed to detect similar smart specialization priorities; 2) the clusters in the mentioned regions were analyzed as main drivers of achievement of smart specialization goals to detect similar or complementary functioning areas.
10
Topak, Özgün E., Ciara Bracken-Roche, Alana Saulnier, and David Lyon. "From Smart Borders to Perimeter Security: The Expansion of Digital Surveillance at the Canadian Borders." Geopolitics 20, no. 4 (October 2, 2015): 880–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2015.1085024.
Full text
11
Prokop, Darren. "Smart and Safe Borders: The Logistics of Inbound Cargo Security." International Journal of Logistics Management 15, no. 2 (July 2004): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574090410603822.
Full text
12
Singh, Dushyant Kumar, and Dharmender Singh Kushwaha. "Automatic Intruder Combat System: A way to Smart Border Surveillance." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.10286.
Full textAbstract:
Security and safeguard of international borders have always been a dominant issue for every nation. A large part of a nation’s budget is provided to its defense system. Besides wars, illegal intrusion in terms of terrorism is a critical matter that causes severe harm to nation’s property. In India’s perspective, border patrolling by Border Security Forces (BSF) has already been practiced from a long time for surveillance. The patrolling parties are equipped with high-end surveillance equipments but yet an alternative to the ply of huge manpower and that too in harsh environmental conditions hasn’t been in existence. An automatic mechanism for smart surveillance and combat is proposed in this paper as a solution to the above-discussed problems. Smart surveillance requires automatic intrusion detection in the surveillance video, which is achieved by using optical flow information as motion features for intruder/human in the scene. The use of optical flow in the proposed smart surveillance makes it robust and more accurate. Use of a simple horizontal feature for fence detection makes system simple and faster to work in real-time. System is also designed to respond against the activities of intruders, of which auto combat is one kind of response.
13
Manzoor, Hamza, Kamil Akhuseyinoglu, Jackson Wonderly, Peter Brusilovsky, and Clifford A. Shaffer. "Crossing the Borders: Re-Use of Smart Learning Objects in Advanced Content Access Systems." Future Internet 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11070160.
Full textAbstract:
Researchers in many disciplines are developing novel interactive smart learning objects like exercises and visualizations. Meanwhile, Learning Management Systems (LMS) and eTextbook systems are also becoming more sophisticated in their ability to use standard protocols to make use of third party smart learning objects. But at this time, educational tool developers do not always make best use of the interoperability standards and need exemplars to guide and motivate their development efforts. In this paper we present a case study where the two large educational ecosystems use the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) standard to allow cross-sharing of their educational materials. At the end of our development process, Virginia Tech’s OpenDSA eTextbook system became able to import materials from Aalto University’s ACOS smart learning content server, such as python programming exercises and Parsons problems. Meanwhile, University of Pittsburgh’s Mastery Grids (which already uses the ACOS exercises) was made to support CodeWorkout programming exercises (a system already used within OpenDSA). Thus, four major projects in CS Education became inter-operable.
14
Kania, Magdalena M. "Biopolityczna przestrzeń bezpieczeństwa w Globalnej Wojnie z Terroryzmem." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/k.2015.22.2.55.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Artykuł stanowi analizę przestrzeni bezpieczeństwa budowanej przez administrację amerykańską po 11 września 2001 r. przez pryzmat koncepcji biopolityki Michela Foucault. Celem artykułu jest wykazanie zależności między populacjo-centryczną biopolityką, praktykami liberalnej władzy a bezpieczeństwem. Przeanalizowano proces wzmacniania granic amerykańskich z wykorzystaniem biometrycznych technik zarządzania ryzykiem, tzw. Smart Borders, których celem jest redukcja negatywnych elementów z przestrzeni bezpieczeństwa.</p>
15
Sinha, Deepankar, and Shuvo Roy Chowdhury. "Blockchain-based smart contract for international business – a framework." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 14, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 224–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-06-2020-0031.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Cross border trade, involving different business environments between the sellers’ and buyers’ countries, may result in conflicts because of asymmetry in the information structure across the borders. The International Chambers of Commerce (ICC) has laid down ground rules on terms of shipment and payment, enabling harmonization and standardization of business process, and fixing of responsibilities for international trade. The international commercial (INCO) terms by ICC define the duties, obligations and cost borne by the exporter and the importer. An exporter’s uncertainty looms once the goods cross his/her border. Therefore, there is a need for a smart contract that is secured, transparent, legitimate and trustworthy. The authors propose a blockchain technology-based smart global contract (BTGC) framework for international trade. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors develop the framework based on value chain analysis (VCA) of international trade and an ontology-driven-blockchain-design approach. The paper analyzes the sequence of activities in the value chain of global trade, the terms of the contract, the data structure templates, the validation rules and the points-of-failure, and proposes the smart contract blockchain structure. Findings This paper proposes the BTGC framework considering the INCO terms 2020; it provides the validation rules and the probability of failures; and identifies the elements that cause the halting of contracts and conditions of creation of side blockchains. The framework also includes the governance of the BTGC system. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework not only has implications at the firm level as it automates and secures a global sale contract but also is expected to harmonize the global-trade process as well. The developers may use the attributes, data structure templates and the rules identified in this paper for developing the GC software. Future research may consider using case analysis, class diagrams and the related steps for developing the blockchain software. Originality/value This paper proposes a complete value chain of global contract (GC) concerning exports, an ontology of GC and a blockchain-based smart-contract framework based on global standards. Besides, it specifies the elements of fraud (such as the non-integration of side chains) and uncertainty, i.e. the probability of failures. Such a framework will harmonize the global-trade process and build an international standards for smart GC based on blockchain technology (ISSGCBT), which is not yet done.
16
Lehtonen, Pinja, and Pami Aalto. "Smart and secure borders through automated border control systems in the EU? The views of political stakeholders in the Member States." European Security 26, no. 2 (January 12, 2017): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2016.1276057.
Full text
17
Napieralski, Antoni. "Collecting Data at EU Smart Borders: Data Protection Challenges of the New Entry/Exit System." Zeitschrift für kritik - recht - gesellschaft 1, no. 2 (2019): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.33196/juridikum201902019901.
Full text
18
Clarkson, Stephen. "Smart Borders and the Rise of Bilateralism: The Constrained Hegemonification of North Americaa after September 11." International Journal 61, no. 3 (2006): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40204192.
Full text
19
Zilfi, Madeline C. "The Prequel: Setting the Analytic Stage." Review of Middle East Studies 52, no. 1 (April 2018): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2018.2.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractOutside the disciplines of communication and cultural studies, scholarly interest in television programming, especially scripted entertainment, has been overshadowed by attention to digital media, reality TV, and smart phone connectivity. A 2017 University of Maryland conference offered a reconsideration of popular Middle East-produced television dramas and their surprising impacts on national and transnational politics and culture. As conference papers showed, social and historical themes resonated in unexpected ways inside and outside national borders, with state authorities responding, not just with the usual censoring, but with investment in social and historical dramas of their own.
20
Цветкова, М., and Marina Tsvetkova. "Perspective Competences of Teachers in the Development of the Digital Economy." Profession-Oriented School 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5cf77bd802f079.07624773.
Full textAbstract:
The digital world is already saturated with complex information and cyber-physical systems, smart devices, robots, the Internet of things, artifi cial intelligence, mobile technologies (for communication and control of various devices at any distance), digital media, digital Commerce and digital global communications of people without borders. The teacher needs to constantly learn and use all the positive aspects of this new world for the development of children’s creative abilities and education of their digital eco-culture, which allows to form an educated digital society, a global public knowledge network, cyber society without aggression.
21
Kudro, Natalya Mikhaylovna, Alexander Sergeyevich Martikyan, and Sergey Mikhaylovich Saliy. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODERN MODEL OF MILITARY PROFESSIONALISM IN TECHNICAL MODERNIZATION OF THE BORDER SECURITY SERVICE." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 4 (September 20, 2019): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7468.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to study possible options for implementation of the modern model of military professionalism in technical modernization of the border security service, in order to improve the state border security, Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Methodology: For the purpose of achievement of the research objectives M. Weber’s ideal type methodology was selected, a system-synergetic approach, social constructivism, and historicism principles were used. Empirical data was received from document analysis and an expert survey of border security specialists of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine.
Main Findings: The concept statements concerning the functions of modern Kazakhstan border were developed. The content of the modern model of military professionalism was defined. The military professionalism model, which defines the work of the border security service with due regard to the requirements of its development by 2050, is aimed at conceptualizing the technical modernization of border units. It was concluded that the border service of Kazakhstan requires a long-term development plan, involving the organization of “smart borders”.
Applications: The results of the study may be used for complex measures which will enhance barrier function and contact function at the same time, and also the imposition of higher requirements for intellectual competence of border guards. The defined main directions of technical modernization of the border security service of the Republic of Kazakhstan will help implement the modern requirements for the State border security, characteristics of the state border modern situation, as well as the developed forecast by 2050.
Novelty/Originality: Such a kind of study was firstly conducted with usage of declared methods and according to the declared aim.
22
Feder, Judy. "Operator Develops Fully Smart Onshore Field." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 05 (May 1, 2021): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0521-0056-jpt.
Full textAbstract:
This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 203461, “Digitalization in the Oil and Gas Industry—A Case Study of a Fully Smart Field in the United Arab Emirates,” by Muhammad Arif and Abdulla Mohammed Al Senani, ADNOC, prepared for the 2020 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, held virtually from 9–12 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed. One of the first oil fields in the UAE to be fully operated remotely is in the southeast region, 250 km from Abu Dhabi. The complete paper discusses the development and commissioning of the field, which is the first smart field for ADNOC Onshore. The designed and applied technology facilitated unmanned operation of the field from downhole to export. Introduction Oilfield digitalization encompasses gathering real-time and non-real-time data from wells, flow lines, manifolds, stations, and water injection facilities; analysis of the data using algorithms, flowcharts, plots, and reports; and user access to this data on user-friendly screens. This allows engineers to focus on interpretation of data vs. searching, organizing, and formatting the data. In the bigger picture, the data collected will lead to conclusions and set bases for important decisions for similar projects in the future, enabling a lesson-learning approach to design new oil fields. The accumulated theoretical and practical research results of smart-field implementation require analysis and synthesis to maintain perspective of the entire project. Both were applied in the Mender field, which is the subject of the complete paper. Problem Statement The Mender parent field has been producing since 2013 with minimal digitalization for wellheads. Wells are not fit-ted with remote sensors, and operators have been visiting the wells to collect data using analog gauges. Collected data are stored in computers or as hard copies. Some critical data is lost, which affects decision-making. The new Mender field is 50 km from the parent field and is in a sensitive area close to international borders. The field area is a wildlife reserve for various endangered animals. The nature of operations is highly critical because of concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that could jeopardize employees’ health and safety.
23
Eklinder-Frick, Jens Ola, Andrea Perna, and Alexandra Waluszewski. "What’s smart about smart specialization – a new EU innovation strategy or more of the same?" Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 35, no. 12 (June 1, 2020): 1997–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-05-2019-0203.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The aim of this paper is to outline what the intended benefits the smart specialization strategy (S3) is meant to create, and through what policy measures; that is, to shed light over what underpinnings S3 is based on, and if the measures based on these can affect the relations between “academia, businesses, and local authorities” – where the public and the private actors might have partly overlapping interests, but with different needs and rationales. Design/methodology/approach The research design of this paper is based on the industrial marketing and purchasing network approach, that is, the empirical observation that business exchange has a content, which affects and gives imprints on the actors engaged in the exchange. To determine whether the S3 strategy in general, and in the two investigated regions in particular, can affect the embedding of innovations in using, producing and developing settings, and if so how, this study applied the actors–resources–activities model. In addition to investigation of the S3 strategy in general, two case studies were conducted, one each in two European Union regions with rather different business and academic research characteristics: the Marche region in Italy and the Uppsala region in Sweden. Findings The S3 measures rest on the judgement of which “domains” to support can be made by policy actors without deeper analysis of how the assumed firms representing these domains are related in terms of how resources are combined and activated. Instead, the S3 policy analysis is based on local policy organizations desk table investigations of what appears as innovative. Hence, in practice, the key S3 measure is still to transfer knowledge from the public to the private sector. This entails that support in terms of how to create change in established resources interfaces, which is a main source of innovation to which both established and emerging localized firms are related, remains out of policy sight. Originality/value The ambition with this paper is to discuss what changes S3 – with the ambition to develop and match academic research to business needs – implies and what underpinnings it is resting on. Hence, the focus is directed to what new types of policy arrangements are supposed to result in what types of benefits – and last but not least, the ability for these to interfere with businesses which are interconnected across spatial borders.
24
Tan, Si-Ying, Araz Taeihagh, and Kritika Sha. "How Transboundary Learning Occurs: Case Study of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN)." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 6502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116502.
Full textAbstract:
While policy study of smart city developments is gaining traction, it falls short of understanding and explaining knowledge transfers across national borders and cities. This article investigates how transboundary learning occurs through the initiation and development of a regional smart cities network: the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN). The article conducts an in-depth case study from data collected through key informant interviews and document analysis. Spearheaded by Singapore in 2017, ASCN is seen as a soft power extension for Singapore, a branding tool for ASEAN, and a symbiotic platform between the private sector and governments in the region. Most transboundary knowledge transfers within the ASCN are voluntary transfers of policy ideas. Effective branding, demand for knowledge, availability of alternative funding options, enthusiasm from the private actors, and heightened interest from other major economies are highlighted as facilitators of knowledge transfer. However, the complexity of governance structures, lack of political will and resources, limited policy capacity, and lack of explicit operational and regulatory mechanisms hinder transboundary learning. The article concludes that transboundary learning should go beyond exchanges of ideas and recommends promoting facilitators of knowledge transfer, building local policy capacity, encouraging collaborative policy transfer, and transiting from an information-sharing platform to tool/instrument-based transfer.
25
Abomhara, Mohamed, Sule Yildirim Yayilgan, Livinus Obiora Nweke, and Zoltán Székely. "A comparison of primary stakeholders’ views on the deployment of biometric technologies in border management: Case study of SMart mobILity at the European land borders." Technology in Society 64 (February 2021): 101484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101484.
Full text
26
Abomhara, Mohamed, Sule Yildirim Yayilgan, Livinus Obiora Nweke, and Zoltán Székely. "A comparison of primary stakeholders’ views on the deployment of biometric technologies in border management: Case study of SMart mobILity at the European land borders." Technology in Society 64 (February 2021): 101484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101484.
Full text
27
Klauser, Francisco R., and Anders Albrechtslund. "From self-tracking to smart urban infrastructures: towards an interdisciplinary research agenda on Big Data." Surveillance & Society 12, no. 2 (May 9, 2014): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v12i2.4605.
Full textAbstract:
Recent debates on surveillance have emphasised the now myriad possibilities of automated, software-based data gathering, management and analysis. One of the many terms used to describe this phenomenon is ‘Big Data’. The field of Big Data covers a large and complex range of practices and technologies from smart borders to CCTV video analysis, and from consumer profiling to self-tracking applications. The paper’s aim is to explore the surveillance dynamics inherent in contemporary Big Data trends. To this end, the paper adopts two main perspectives concerned with two complementary expressions of Big Data: (1) the individual use of various techniques of self-surveillance and tracking and (2) the simultaneous trend to optimise urban infrastructures through smart information technologies. Drawing upon exploratory research conducted by the authors, the paper shows that both expressions of Big Data present a range of common surveillance dynamics on at least four levels: agency, temporality, spatiality and normativity. On these grounds, the paper highlights a series of important issues to explore in future research.
28
Rodríguez Bautista, Daniela. "EU Smart borders, from strategic consideration to operational execution: an effective counter-terrorism strategy or discriminatory system control?" Crimmigratie & Recht 2, no. 2 (November 2018): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/cenr/254292482018002002003.
Full text
29
Hryhorak, Mariia, and Liliya Shevchuk. "Efficiency of "lean management" application in business processes management of refrigeration equipment supply chain during the COVID crisis." Electronic Scientific Journal Intellectualization of Logistics and Supply Chain Management #1 2020, no. 5 (February 2021): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46783/smart-scm/2021-5-3.
Full textAbstract:
The article reveals the main trends in the functioning of global supply chains in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the activities of Ukrainian enterprises are identified. It is noted that the closure of borders between countries and the introduction of self-isolation regime caused a significant reduction in production capacity and the volume of international trade. Global supply chains have become very vulnerable and necessitate their revision and the search for alternative ways to deliver goods to end users. Since Ukraine is a country with an open market economy, this article summarizes the main challenges for import-dependent supply chains and makes proposals on ways to overcome them. The expediency of applying the concept of Lean-management in business processes management of refrigeration supply chains during a pandemic as a means of overcoming crisis situations and ensuring sustainable development are proved. The dynamics and structure analysis of the company LLC "Holod Engineering" income and expenses allowed to establish a tendency to reduce the profitability of the company's business and capital turnover, as well as increase the share of logistics costs in the production costs. The greatest impact on the growth of logistics costs have the inventory costs due to the processes of storage and orders completion and delivery delays, which lead to customer dissatisfaction and complaints. Methodical approaches to estimating the level of processes coordination in the supply chains of refrigeration equipment, calculation of supply lots optimal parameters, levels of raw materials and components stocks, production and storage capacity rationalization of the enterprise are substantiated. With the help of Shewhart's control charts, the coordination of business processes in the equipment supply chains were assessed and the sources of potential losses were identified. The technological and logistics processes optimization in terms of their cost, duration and quality of results takes into account not only individual processes of enterprises, but also interprocess connections between supply chain links. It is proposed to implement a number of organizational measures using the concept of lean management, which involves market integration, production process, procurement and sales in order to provide a high level of customer service. The efficiency of the proposed organizational changes and their impact on business profitability, inventory turnover, the amount of logistics costs and the quality of customer service are determined.
30
Brown, Alan S. "Engineering for Change." Mechanical Engineering 133, no. 03 (March 1, 2011): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2011-mar-1.
Full textAbstract:
This article elaborates about E4C’s website, www.engineeringforchange.org, which seeks to connect engineers and humanitarian organizations to create smart, sustainable development projects. Its focus includes projects on water, energy, health, infrastructure, agriculture, sanitation, and information technology. Its purpose is to serve the underserved populations of the world. The website makes it easy for engineers to volunteer their time and skills, and for humanitarian groups to find the engineering help they need. The site will also help them discover what others have done, so each new project does not have to reinvent past innovations—or repeat mistakes. E4C is an initiative of ASME and two founding partners, IEEE and Engineers Without Borders–USA. The site is divided into seven areas of interest: water, energy, health, structures, agriculture, sanitation, and information systems.
31
Schäfer, Sassan, Simon Müller, Daniel Schmiech, and Andreas R. Diewald. "Radar system with dedicated planar traveling wave antennas for elderly people monitoring." Advances in Radio Science 18 (December 10, 2020): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-18-97-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Radar systems for contactless vital sign monitoring are well known and an actual object of research. These radar-based sensors could be used for monitoring of elderly people in their homes but also for detecting the activity of prisoners and to control electrical devices (light, audio, etc.) in smart living environments. Mostly these sensors are foreseen to be mounted on the ceiling in the middle of a room. In retirement homes the rooms are mostly rectangular and of standardized size. Furniture like beds and seating are found at the borders or the corners of the room. As the propagation path from the center of the room ceiling to the borders and corners of a room is 1.4 and 1.7 time longer the power reflected by people located there is 6 or even 10 dB lower than if located in the center of the room. Furthermore classical antennas in microstrip technology are strengthening radiation in broadside direction. Radar systems with only one single planar antenna must be mounted horizontally aligned when measuring in all directions. Thus an antenna pattern which is increasing radiation in the room corners and borders for compensation of free space loss is needed. In this contribution a specification of classical room sizes in retirement homes are given. A method for shaping the antenna gain in the E-plane by an one-dimensional series-fed traveling wave patch array and in the H-plane by an antenna feeding network for improvement of people detection in the room borders and corners is presented for a 24 GHz digital beamforming (DBF) radar system. The feeding network is a parallel-fed power divider for microstrip patch antennas at 24 GHz. Both approaches are explained in theory. The design parameters and the layout of the antennas are given. The simulation of the antenna arrays are executed with CST MWS. Simulations and measurements of the proposed antennas are compared to each other. Both antennas are used for the transmit and the receive channel either. The sensor topology of the radar system is explained. Furthermore the measurement results of the protoype are presented and discussed.
32
Ola, Oyedele O., Willoughby O. John, Olaniyi A. Simeon, and Oyero A. Mutiu. "Impact of Work Life Balance on the Social Life of Workers Living in Lagos Metropolitan Borders." Annals of Contemporary Developments in Management & HR 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/acdmhr.2019.02.006.
Full textAbstract:
The need to maintain proper work life balance is becoming increasingly important; it has motivated several academic research efforts. In the quest for Lagos transformation from a mega city to a smart city, work life balance issues as it has to do with housing, work and urban liveability remains a contemporary issue that calls for keen attention. The rate of population increase in Lagos is not commensurate with the availability and development of social infrastructure, which has caused a number of the workers gainfully employed in Lagos to seek such in nearby state - Ogun State, specifically border towns which includes Ota, Ifo, Mowe, Magboro, Ibafo, Agbara etc. Consequently, such employees face job stress and work-life conflict caused by long working hours, unrelenting traffic, early resumption and late closure at work. This research examined the plausible consequence of work life imbalance measured by job stress and work-life conflict on the social life measured by job satisfaction and wellbeing of such people. A sample of 242 respondents was selected for survey using Yaro Yamane random sampling method & Rao Soft sample estimation method. Primary method of data collection was used. A well-structured questionnaire was administered and interviews were conducted while responses were analysed using product moment correlation and linear regression. Results proved that work life balance has profound impacts on the social life of workers in Lagos Metropolitan borders. This paper recommends that individuals should take active roles in ensuring work life balance; organisations must proactively identify and understand demographic & work related factors; create supportive workplace policies; adopt & implement flexible work strategies and assume the responsibility of reducing/eliminating job stress. In addition, Government should intervene and initiate measures to tackle transportation inadequacies with legislations on provision of work life balance incentives for workers.
33
Bataeva, E. V. "COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE SKILLS OF STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SMART-EDUCATION." Education and science journal 21, no. 4 (May 7, 2019): 36–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2019-4-36-59.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Smart education, which has already become in many countries the standard of vocational training, is associated not only with the new technological format of education using Internet programs and smart gadgets, but also with the emergence of special styles and ways of carrying out educational activities. This entails the development of specific cognitive skills of students and methodological practices of teachers. At the same time, in modern theory of smart education, not enough attention is paid to the problem of formation of cognitive and metacognitive skills of students relevant to the format of smart learning. The aimof the research was to conduct a complex analysis of cognitive and metacognitive skills of students which are formed in the context of smart education; a critical analysis of modern concepts of cognitive and metacognitive development of students online.Methodology and research methods. The research methodology is based on competency-based, cognitive and system-activity approaches to the implementation of educational process. Scientific methods involve: analysis and synthesis of the content of sociological, socio-psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature.Results and scientific novelty. The methodological contradictions between the cognitive attitudes of smart education and the real cognitive and metacognitive competencies of students online are revealed. The focus of smart education on electronic learning formats poses risks of deformation of students’ cognitive skills and narrowing the range of perception of information, which can be reduced by combining traditional education and e-learning in blended learning. Smart learning is aimed at the development of online trans-active memory, oriented towards the accumulation and passive use of ready-made electronic content. Cultivation of memory of this type is caused by supply of the ready electronic records of lectures and presentations, which students get without any effort and quite often remain not updated within pupils’ / students’ motivation deficiency, lack of the control and “live” pedagogical influence stimulating and coordinating thought processes. The orientation of smart-education on the transmission of information and mechnical reproduction can prevent the development of students’ professional competencies, rather than on the formation of knowledge. The combination of online learning with practices of active listening and note-taking of auditory information (where there is a "face to face" communication with a teacher) can correct the deficiencies mentioned and contribute to the development of students’ active memory, which can be initialized at any time. The critical view on metacognitive aspects of smart-education reveals its restrictions, which prevent proper acquisition of educational programmes in a similar format and which particularly express the underdevelopment of skills of students online, such as self-control and self-monitoring of the effectiveness of the learning process (as evidenced by the data of sociological and psychological research). In this regard, it is required to study and differentiate those concrete cognitive and metacognitive abilities, which can be acquired in the process of smarteducation, and those which are not developed in its borders. Additional verification has to be conducted in order to justify the assumption that educational activity in internet-space does not allow metacognitive skills to be developed and can be successful only through their preliminary formation in the conditions of students’ and teachers’ mutual cooperation. Practical significance. The research results and materials can be used in the preparation of educational methodological programmes aimed at the development of cognitive and metacognitive competencies of students online, as well as for correcting of the smart-education content.
34
Amoore, Louise, and Rita Raley. "Securing with algorithms: Knowledge, decision, sovereignty." Security Dialogue 48, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010616680753.
Full textAbstract:
Amid the deployment of algorithmic techniques for security – from the gathering of intelligence data to the proliferation of smart borders and predictive policing – what are the political and ethical stakes involved in securing with algorithms? Taking seriously the generative and world-making capacities of contemporary algorithms, this special issue draws attention to the embodied actions of algorithms as they extend cognition, agency and responsibility beyond the conventional sites of the human, the state and sovereignty. Though focusing on different modes of algorithmic security, each of the contributions to the special issue shares a concern with what it means to claim security on the terrain of incalculable and uncertain futures. To secure with algorithms is to reorient the embodied relation to uncertainty, so that human and non-human cognitive beings experimentally generate and learn what to bring to the surface of attention for a security action.
35
Rocha, Cristina. "Global Religious Infrastructures: The Australian Megachurch Hillsong in Brazil." Social Compass 68, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00377686211001029.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the infrastructures that allow the Australian Pentecostal megachurch Hillsong to expand into Brazil. Hillsong is a global religious phenomenon: it has branches in global cities, celebrities among its followers, and an award-winning worship band. Drawing on five years of multi-sited ethnography in Australia and Brazil, I analyse significant infrastructures – smart church buildings, hip soundscapes, and digital media – that enabled Hillsong to establish itself in Brazil. I show that such technologies comprise an architecture through which Hillsong’s ‘Cool Christianity’ circulates. I argue that these infrastructures communicate success, excitement, modernity, and cosmopolitanism to young middle-class Brazilians who aspire to break with the local conservative Pentecostalism that caters for the poor. Here, I call for a focus on human and nonhuman actors and infrastructures that move religion across borders, and a special attention to how imagination and power differentials shape mobility and immobility.
36
Safura Zabidin, Nadia, Sheila Belayutham, and Che Khairil Izam Che Ibrahim. "A bibliometric and scientometric mapping of Industry 4.0 in construction." Journal of Information Technology in Construction 25 (June 15, 2020): 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2020.017.
Full textAbstract:
Industry 4.0 embraces digitization and smart products or processes that are integrated with several technological developments to control the entire value chain of workflows. The construction industry is also captivated with the idea of Industry 4.0 transformation that changes the traditional system into digital and cyber-physical system that interacts and connects across the geographical and organizational borders. However, as construction is commonly known as a low-technologically advanced industry, studies on Industry 4.0 in construction still remains elusive, as compared to other sectors such as manufacturing, electrical and electronic engineering and computer science. Therefore, this study aims to explore the current state of Industry 4.0 application from the construction engineering perspective. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to identify publications related to Industry 4.0 in construction. A bibliometric analysis has been outlined through exclusion and inclusion principles, while a scientometric analysis has been further applied to enhance the SLR findings through ‘science mapping’ visualization techniques. This study presents the relevance, along with the movement, adoption and adaption of Industry 4.0 in the construction industry that further enables the spark of new ideas, in effort to realize and comprehend the current and future technological transformation in construction.
37
Gombos, Peter. "What and how do Hungarian children read?." Escuela Abierta, no. 23 (December 15, 2020): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29257/ea23.2020.01.
Full textAbstract:
The first representative survey about reading habits in Hungary was conducted in 1964. Among others it gauged the number of people reading and what they read. Since then only four researches were pursued of the kind, thus it was time we carried out a new analysis at the end of 2017. While compiling the questionnaire and analyzing the result I had the possibility to work with data that could be interesting for researchers beyond the borders of Hungary. In my study I focus on children in the 3–18 age range divided to age groups, and I present the types of books they read. I also examine other components of their behavior related to their reading habits (What they read apart from books, which part of the week/day they dedicate to reading, which genres they prefer etc.). Talking about digital natives, I pay special heed to the correspondence between reading aptitude and the time they invest in using the internet and their smart phones. Last but not least I make an attempt to sketch a general picture of Hungarian reading habits (laying special emphasis on the youth), and the changes we can notice compared to the previous surveys.
38
Aslam, Summer, Cordelia Mason, Asma Zakria, and Mohd Farid. "Gender Perceptions: Employer Branding Through Attractiveness, Job Characteristics and Organizational Attributes." American Journal of Trade and Policy 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v3i2.400.
Full textAbstract:
The novelty of employer branding is undeniable in HR practices. However, the pair studies are also found in employer branding with the perception of gender. A gender difference is said to occur when male and female react differently in perceptions. In Pakistan, human capital is an inadequacy in bank jobs and female less appearance in the sector creates more shortage of skilled employees. However, the results reported have given an insignificant difference between male and female in the perception of employer branding. Moreover, the gender disparity has no borders, so re-justification is an admirable in another region. Hence, a significant relationship exists between employer branding and intention to apply. Intention to apply is a central dealing with recruitment as appears with the wish for of submitting a job application. Furthermore, the wider applicant pool can achieve with employer branding. Employers can persuade to potential employees through attractiveness, unique organizational attributes and job characteristics. Concluded, banks in Pakistan can increase a wider applicant pool with the implementation of employer branding. Data Analysis was done by using SPSS and smart PLS. Future recommendations and implications are at the end.
39
Marzano, Gilberto, and Luis Ochoa-Siguencia. "LEARNING FROM THE KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERTISE OF OTHERS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 25, 2018): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3083.
Full textAbstract:
There is a broad consensus that the digital revolution is moving towards the reshaping of traditional professions and jobs. The key idea emerging from expert opinion is that continuing education and learning are essential to help people stay employable in the labor force, and this idea is behind most of the programs and projects co-funded by the European Union over the last decade. Experts are also persuaded that education systems should be adapted to prepare individuals for the changing labor market, and that technological advances will offer new widely available ways to access education. From this perspective, new forms of learning that harness digital technology should be explored.Recently, we have been seeing an increasing interest from researchers in the engagement of connected people in initiatives and processes with social relevance, such as crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, and crowd sensing. Crowd learning is a new topic whose borders are not still well-defined.This paper focuses on internet social learning and crowd learning, which appear to be closely related to two new topical fields of investigation: ubiquitous learning and smart and connected cities. It will present some preliminary results from an ongoing research on how interconnected citizen can use, share, remix, and co-construct learning and cultural resources.
40
Mansoor, Ahmed, and Manu Luksch. "'The Last Human Rights Defender in the United Arab Emirates'." Surveillance & Society 15, no. 3/4 (August 9, 2017): 596–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v15i3/4.6764.
Full textAbstract:
In May 2016, artist, researcher and activist, Manu Luksch, travelled to the United Arab Emirates (USE) to conduct research on ‘smart city’ initiatives in the region, and also to interview renowned human rights defender, Ahmed Mansoor. In March 2017, Mansoor was re-arrested, and on May 28th 2017, he was sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment. Organisations like Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and many others are campaigning for his release and #FreeAhmed has become a call online and on the streets in the form of graffiti and posters. Meanwhile the UAE has been one of 4 Gulf states, led by Saudi Arabia, who have extended their authoritarian campaign against dissidence beyond their borders to target other states who they regard as threatening the status quo, in particular the small but very wealthy state of Qatar, home of the Al-Jazeera news network that has, like Mansoor, championed opposition movements in the Middle-East. In this context, Surveillance & Society decided it was important to publish this interview almost in full as it gives unique insight into the personal and professional experience of a human rights defender in an authoritarian state that is at the same time extremely wealthy, technologically advanced and highly integrated into global capitalism.
41
Caudwell, Catherine, and Cherie Lacey. "What do home robots want? The ambivalent power of cuteness in robotic relationships." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 26, no. 4 (April 2, 2019): 956–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856519837792.
Full textAbstract:
A wave of social, domestic robots is poised to enter our homes. Robots such as Jibo, Kuri and Olly are networked with other ‘smart’ devices and use cameras and voice control to provide companionship, care and household management. These robots are proposed as members of the family, and as such must encourage intimacy and trust with their human caregivers. In this article, we explore the nexus between the cute aesthetic of home robots and the kinds of affective relationships this aesthetic enables with the human user. Our argument is that the cuteness of home robots creates a highly ambivalent relationship of power between (human) subject and (robotic/digital) object, whereby the manifestation of consciousness and the production of lasting emotional bonds require home robots to exceed the affective and semiotic limitations, even as their cute appearance may encourage the production of intimacy. By exceeding the borders established by their own design, home robots are able to manifest as conscious beings, a manifestation which both destabilizes the power differential between user and robot and, paradoxically, points to the possibility of their own replacement. To explore these ideas, we discuss three soon-to-be-released social robots: Mayfield Robotics’ Kuri, Emotech’s Olly and Jibo Inc.’s Jibo. Each promises a unique personality that will integrate them as a member of the family.
42
Papadaki, Maria, Ioannis Karamitsos, and Marinos Themistocleous. "ViewpointCovid-19 digital test certificates and blockchain." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 34, no. 4 (July 15, 2021): 993–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-07-2021-554.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how healthcare and public organizations can control and monitor digital health test certificates with citizens or other stakeholders using Blockchain platforms. The paper reviews and analyses the literature by focusing on keywords like “Blockchain AND COVID-19”. In response to the 2019 pandemic, most local governments closed their borders and imposed movement restrictions, impacting the global economy, peoples' mobility and everyday life. This study aims to provide a solution to how Blockchain technology can improve the socioeconomic impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by enhancing people's mobility and achieving a balance between protecting individuals' rights and public health safety.Design/methodology/approachThis research utilized machine learning bibliometric tools for investigating the normative literature in the area of blockchain and COVID-19. The article conducts a systematic literature review and develops a bibliometric map based on Plevris et al.’s (2017) method.FindingsThis study indicates that there is limited literature on the use of blockchain technology in issuing and validating COVID-19 tests. The development of such solutions can be done through the utilization of smart contracts, and it is expected to increase mobility in a secure and trusted environment that will help in monitoring and slow down the spread of the pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThis analysis is done during the first ten months of the pandemic outbreak, and there is still limited scientific literature investigating blockchain and COVID-19 concepts.Practical ImplicationsOrganizations are rethinking their information management due to the COVID-19 pandemic for creating better value for the enterprise and all associate stakeholders. Blockchain technology helps organizations to move from a centralized to a decentralized way of information managing. The decentralization of information in the health-care sector will create a better value for all involved stakeholders and radical change in how health-care data are managed and controlled. The implementation of blockchain applications in the health-care industry will result in a more secure, visible, auditable environment accessible by all the parties involved.Originality/valueIt was identified that there is currently limited research done on aligning smart contracts structure within the health-care sector. Therefore, while the current literature demonstrates the importance of aligning the key concepts, little research is done on considering people’s mobility and cross-country communication.
43
Soe, Ralf-Martin. "Smart Cities." International Journal of E-Planning Research 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2018040105.
Full textAbstract:
This paper introduces a new dimension to conceptualising smart cities – a cross-border approach for heterogeneous cities. There is a mutual agreement between smart city scholars that cities are smart when they reduce silos and enable better flow of data between city functions and services. This paper focuses on the cross-border aspect of smart cities and claims that ICT in cities do not automatically lead to ubiquitous services across the cities. This can even lead to more fragmentation compared to pre-ICT area. A new model for joint digital services in the cross-border cities – the Urban Operating System – is proposed and will be evaluated in context of two Northern European cities with high commuting frequency: Helsinki and Tallinn.
44
Patterson Rosa, Laura, Katie Martin, Micaela Vierra, Gabriel Foster, Erica Lundquist, Samantha A. Brooks, and Christa Lafayette. "Two Variants of KIT Causing White Patterning in Stock-Type Horses." Journal of Heredity 112, no. 5 (July 1, 2021): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esab033.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Over 30 polymorphisms in the KIT Proto-Oncogene Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (KIT) gene have been implicated in white spotting patterns ranging from small areas to full dermal depigmentation in the horse. We performed a candidate-gene exon sequencing approach on KIT and MITF, 2 known causatives of white spotting patterns, within 2 families of horses of unknown white spotting. Family 1 (Fam1, N = 5) consisted of a Quarter Horse stallion and 4 offspring with white spotting pattern ranging from legs, lower ventral, and head regions with jagged borders, to almost complete white. The second family (Fam2, N = 7) consisted of 6 half-sibling American Paint Horse/Quarter Horse and their dam, demonstrating unpigmented limbs with belly spots and an extensive white patterning on the face. This approach resulted in 2 variants significantly associated with familial phenotypes, where Fam1 variant is an indel leading to a frameshift mutation, and Fam2 a non-synonymous SNP. We validated the variants within an unrelated population of horses (Fam2 variant, P = 0.00271944) as well as for protein functional impact with ExPASy, Protter, Phyre2, SMART, PROVEAN, SIFT, and I-TASSER, confirming the reported associations. Fam1 associated variant, deemed W31, alters the protein sequence, leading to an early stop codon truncating the normal amino acid sequence from 972 to just 115 amino acids. Fam2 associated variant, deemed W32, may have a subtle impact on receptor function or could be in linkage with a non-coding or regulatory change creating the mild spotting pattern observed in this family.
45
Scholten, Henk. "Geocraft as a Means to Support the Development of Smart Cities, Getting the People of the Place Involved - Youth Included -." Quality Innovation Prosperity 21, no. 1 (April 30, 2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v21i1.784.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> In this paper we present Geocraft, a Geo-ICT framework meant to provide the information needed to support the development of smart cities in an accessible and user-friendly way. We explored whether Geocraft could be an effective way to get the people of the place, especially youth, involved in geospatial issues.</p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong>Geocraft is a virtual environment in which we import real geospatial data into the gaming environment of the popular computer game Minecraft. In Geocraft, we can run real-time impact models to virtually simulate ánd visualise future developments and their implications, providing the user with relevant information during design processes. Geocraft is linked to Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs); data generated or added in Geocraft can upgrade existing databases and SDIs. In four use cases, Geocraft is used by children and high school students to address spatial planning challenges with the help of Geocraft.<p><strong>Findings:</strong> Geocraft has an appropriate level of abstraction to effectively represent the real world. The use of Geocraft enhances insight in geospatial relations and can raise awareness and insights in a number of geospatial issues. Geocraft can be used to collect the ideas of citizens, in this case children, and engage them in urban planning issues to raise solutions that can reckon on public support. Geocraft can engage thousands of children working on the same geospatial project in the same online Geocraft world. Spatial scenarios designed in Geocraft can be effectively translated into a feasible spatial design and be imported to the digital environment of professional designers. Moreover, Geocraft turned out to be a valuable educational tool to develop typical 21<sup>th</sup> century skills: communicating, finding and evaluating information, creating and innovating, collaborating and problem solving.</p><p>We conclude that as an easy to use smart visualisation tool, in which everybody can build future scenarios, Geocraft can be used to get the people of the place involved with geospatial issues.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication:</strong> We present <em>qualitative</em> research results. In the next step, we will investigate how statistically significant the improvements in learning skills are.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper: </strong>This paper presents a new digital environment facilitating citizen participation and educational processes. We use actual spatial data to transform physical reality into a parallel and playable virtual version of that reality. Herein we can simulate spatial processes and support collaboration. By doing so, we can provide unique visualizations of complex processes, raising insights across the borders of disciplines in an user-friendly way.
46
Maslov, Yurii. "THE EU STRATEGY FOR THE DANUBE REGION AS AN INCLUSIVE FORM OF CROSS-BORDER ECONOMY." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 5 (February 11, 2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-5-200-208.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers the process of creation and features of activities of various types of transborder formations peculiar for the European Union. Today the cooperation within Euroregions becomes more and more widespread practice both in the EU and among the regions of countries-participants of the Union and those ones neighbouring to the EU, including Ukraine. The problem of modernization of the EU regional policy in the context of the intensification of globalization processes is touched upon. The influence of global factors and changes in the EU regional policy on the transformation of Ukrainian regional policy is determined. In the context of the development of the regional policy of Ukraine, problems of economic development and well-being of citizens in Ukrainian regions are identified; development directions for the cooperation of Ukraine and the EU in this area are established. The purpose of the article is to consider issues of cross-border economy, cross-border region, classify them, define features of Euroregion and, based on the analysis conducted, consider imperatives and problems related to the development and introduction of the Danube Strategy and identify the place and opportunities of Ukraine in this association. The macro-regional approach to solving the tasks of the integration policy of the European Union chosen by the European Union Committee allows uniting the territories according to the principle of their mutual supplementation, reducing the barriers of national borders and creating new opportunities for cross-border regions. The Danube Strategy, despite the common principles and methodologies for the formation of Euroregions, has obvious features. Firstly, the region is characterized by deep imbalances both between countries and within countries themselves. Secondly, the Strategy is an example of a multidisciplinary approach to territorial planning in the region and has a pronounced ecological character, and environmental problems are solved in the search for a compromise with the tasks of socio-economic development. Thirdly, being the internal strategy of the European Union, however, has a significant external dimension, the incorporation of which can be quite a challenge. There are four main directions for the regional development in the Danube Strategy (so-called “pillars”: association, ecology, well-being, strengthening). For each direction, priority areas are designated that are supervised by the coordinating countries. Conceptually, the EUSDR is a continuation of the Europe-2020 strategic document of the EU and proclaims the achievement of the region of “smart, sustainable and inclusive development” as its main objectives. At the same time, a kind of paradox is that the Danube strategy aimed at levelling social, economic, institutional gaps in the region generates them by the very principles of its existence. It is hard to imagine that unequal countries, getting too different funding, will be able to equalize their capabilities at the finish. The strategy will help realize the EU’s obvious desire to transform the Danube into an internal transport artery with a highly developed infrastructure and improved cargo traffic, which will allow connecting the North Sea with the Black and Azov seas, placing the transportation of resources of Caspian region and Asia under control of European structures. The creation and activity of cross-border regions make a significant contribution both to the strengthening of political and economic integration within the EU and to the development of cooperation between the member countries of the Union and neighbouring states.
47
Saitov, Igor', Anna Motienko, Sergei Astapov, and Oleg Basov. "Synthesis of the Topological Structure of Distributed Terminal System for Audio Monitoring of Users of Local Information Spaces." SPIIRAS Proceedings 18, no. 6 (November 29, 2019): 1357–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15622/sp.2019.18.6.1357-1380.
Full textAbstract:
A widespread use of multi-user interfaces, due to multimodality of traditional interpersonal communication, a transition to a polymerized presentation of information and systems, has allowed the creation of new approaches to their implementation based on distributed terminal systems. An approach to the synthesis of topological structures of such systems implemented in two stages is proposed in the article. The first stage determines a minimum set of communication nodes and their location based on the requirements for the availability of communication nodes for various categories of users and the globality of a distributed terminal system. The second stage determines options for constructing communication nodes and connections between them, which ensure the performance of audio monitoring functions of users of local information spaces while ensuring continuity of a bridge for different categories of users. A model example of the synthesis of a distributed terminal system for audio monitoring of two categories of users (adults and children) in the local information space (home), voice control subsystems of the "smart home" is presented. As a part of its solution, at each stage of the synthesis, the initial data are determined, a formal formulation of the synthesis problem is carried out, an algorithm for the solution and the results are presented. So the task of the first stage of the synthesis is a linear integer mathematical programming problem, solved in the model example by the simplex method, the solution of the second stage problem is based on the alternative graph formalization and the method of "branches and borders". The obtained results clearly demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed scientific and methodological tools for the synthesis of the topological structure of distributed terminal systems and the prospects of its use in the newly arising tasks of the technical implementation of new infocommunication technologies and services.
48
Korczak, Jerzy. "Smart Integration." Wroclaw Review of Law, Administration & Economics 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wrlae-2019-0011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The article is devoted to smart integration taking place on the Polish–German borderland and, more precisely, the border between the Lower Silesian Voivodeship and the Saxony Länder, which, according to the author, is the result of an evolution of forms of transfrontier cooperation of territorial self-government units. It will analyse the conditions for the emergence of forms of cooperation in the transfrontier area and their evolution in European experiences to date and, after 1990, also with the involvement of Polish territorial self-governments.
49
Bhatti, Amandeep, Dhriti Kapoor, and Renu Bhardwaj. "Sustainability at Border Villages of Punjab (India): A Critical Study on Initiatives and Practices." Current World Environment 16, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.16.1.08.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this review is the sustainability of villages under the ‘Smart Village’ concept with special emphasis on the Border Villages, primarily that of the Punjab state. Based on various case studies, this article summarizes some of the major issues and challenges which these border villages face. What hindrances they have? Which rural development plans are implemented and how sustainable are their environments?The review is based on the implementation of ‘Smart Village’ concept in the villages worldwide, an effort to make them more sustainable.Fast progress and development of rural and urban communities is adversely affecting the environment on account of unsustainable technologies. Sustainability of ecosystem is the most important prerequisite of all development plans, be it the Smart City or Smart Village. The study aims to project different case studies taken up globally as well as locally under thisconcept.It reflects that border villages are in a state of neglect and need attention. It also aims to highlight various constraints and problems of the border villages along with certain trans-boundary environmental issues.Findings indicate that the various government plans/schemes launched at different times,are less effective due to lack of proper follow up.Theneed of the hour is to make a country wide comprehensive development plan to identify the actual issues. It must be in an integrated manner, primarilywithpeople’s participation to make the villages in the vicinity of international border environmentally smart and sustainable.
50
Jevčák, Jaroslav, Miroslav Kelemen, Matej Antoško, Ladislav Choma, and Jaroslaw Kozuba. "Avigilon compact camera’s test for integrated safety system within airport security." Archives of Transport 55, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4200.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents an experimental exploration of the selected technical features of the Avigilon 2.0C-H4A-BO1-IR Compact Zoom Camera with IR Adaptive Illumination. The article describes the purpose, procedure, and results of the motion detection verification, as well as the identification of motion detection errors, using Avigilon's investigated camera, to the distance of guaranteed recognition capability in specific daylight conditions that determines video analysis. This article constitutes the first part of the internal research activity of the Department of Flight Preparation - pre-research, for the design of an integrated mobile airport security system. For safety reasons, the testing was performed near the airport and not at the airport. The test sample was obtained by using the Avigilon 2.0C-H4A-BO1-IR camera located 8 meters above the ground level in the direction of the selected perimeter of the "protected area" for the experiment. The movement in the space was made by people and the passage of motor vehicles at a distance that was less than the distance guaranteed by the camera's recognition capability in the specific daylight conditions. The movement of persons and motor vehicles was generally performed perpendicular to the position of the camera, left to right, and/or back. The speed of movement of people was, as a rule, an average walking speed of 1m/s, the motor vehicles ranging up to 40km /h. Identification of motion detection errors is important for corrections of the prepared information model of security risk assessment of a protected object based on the fuzzy logic to support the airport security management decisions, as well as for finding a technical solution to eliminate these camera vulnerabilities, or selecting and testing another camera for our mobile technology platform. The results advance our theoretical knowledge and have a praxeological significance for the creation of a technological demonstrator and subsequently a prototype of a smart mobile airport security system. Institutions responsible for the protection of state borders, the fight against illegal migration, smuggling of goods, etc. are also interested in mobile security solutions.