Relevant bibliographies by topics / Smart meters

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Smart meters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Smart meters"

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Guo, Hao Chi, Dong Xiao Niu, Jin Peng Liu, and Zhen Ma. "Research on the Utilization of Smart Meters’ Information under the Background of Smart Grid." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 1023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.1023.

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Smart meters are developed gradually from the traditional power meters, which is an important terminal in the smart grid. It is the foundation of information integration, analysis, optimization and information expression, and undertakes the task to data acquisition, measurement and transmission. This paper reviews the development and application of smart meters, analysis the technical requirements, function of smart meter, and summarizes the benefit of smart meters’ application. It can be concluded that the large-scale use of smart meters will fully reflected energy conservation, efficiency, and safety of the smart grid.
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Du, Jingqi, Chengjing Dai, Pinshang Mao, Wenlong Dong, Xiujun Wang, and Zhongwei Li. "An Efficient Lightweight Authentication Scheme for Smart Meter." Mathematics 12, no. 8 (April 22, 2024): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12081264.

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With the rapid development of the information age, smart meters play an important role in the smart grid. However, there are more and more attacks on smart meters, which mainly focus on the identity authentication of smart meters and the security protection of electricity consumption data. In this paper, an efficient lightweight smart meter authentication scheme is proposed based on the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT), which can realize the revocation of a single smart meter user by publishing a secret random value bound to the smart meter identity. The proposed scheme not only protects the security of smart meter electricity consumption data by using encryption, but also resists identity attacks from both internal and external adversaries by using hash functions and timestamps. Experiment shows that the proposed scheme has lower computation overhead and communication overhead than other authentication schemes and is more suitable for smart meter authentication.
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Davies, S. "Smart meters." Engineering & Technology 7, no. 6 (2012): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2012.0605.

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Mauß, Wilhelm, and Georg Höllthaler. "Smart Meters." return 7, no. 2 (April 2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41964-020-0241-y.

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Hidayah Malek, Siti Nur, and Afida Jemat. "CONSUMER CONCERNS ON SMART METER USAGE IN MALAYSIA." Acta Informatica Malaysia 7, no. 1 (2023): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/aim.01.2023.15.18.

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A smart meter is a device to replace outdated traditional meters to track the usage of electricity in real-time with more accurate measurements of energy consumption. In addition, smart meters are also able to record the time of use in short intervals and can be read remotely by the utility. The replacement of smart meter for all houses are a part of the Malaysian government’s initiatives to monitor energy consumption among Malaysians. On top of its advantages, there are some consumers still concerned over several matters such as an increase in electricity bills, security and privacy on personal data protection, health problems associated with the radio frequency (RF) of smart meters, and reliability of the data storage. This study aims to review the customers’ concerns and to propose recommendations for improving the awareness of smart meters’ benefits. In summary, this paper presents an overview from the customer’s point of view and also how to overcome their concerns regarding the use of smart meters instead of traditional meters.
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Cen, Wei, Ying Jie Lv, Zhi Qiang Sun, Bao Feng Li, and Yi Lun Fu. "Explore of the Smart Meter′s Security Protection Function Realization Method Based on Q/GDW1365-2012." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 1048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.1048.

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In order to ensure the security protection level for smart meter to fulfill the requirements of state grids information security protection grade, promote the applications for the smart meters automatic detection pipeline, improve smart meters test efficiency, the state grid company has carried on the revision for Q/GDW 365-2009 "Security techniques of information interchange authentication specification for smart electricity meters", and has generated the Q/GDW1365-2012 standard. This paper has proposed the smart electricity meters security protection function realization method according to Q/GDW1365-2012s relevant revision item, combined with the questions often appears in practical work.
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Li, Xue Jun, and Peter Han Joo Chong. "Design and Implementation of a Self-Powered Smart Water Meter." Sensors 19, no. 19 (September 26, 2019): 4177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19194177.

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Smart cities require interactive management of water supply networks and water meters play an important role in such a task. As compared to fully mechanical water meters, electromechanical water meters or fully electronic water meters can collect real-time information through automatic meter reading (AMR), which makes them more suitable for smart cities applications. In this paper, we first study the design principles of existing water meters, and then present our design and implementation of a self-powered smart water meter. The proposed water meter is based on a water turbine generator, which serves for two purposes: (i) to sense the water flow through adaptive signal processing performed on the generated voltage; and (ii) to produce electricity to charge batteries for the smart meter to function properly. In particular, we present the design considerations and implementation details. The wireless transceiver is integrated in the proposed water meter so that it can provide real-time water flow information. In addition, a mobile phone application is designed to provide a user with a convenient tool for water usage monitoring.
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Karima, Aisyatul, and I. Ketut Agung Enriko. "Analisis Implementasi Konektivitas Indihome Untuk Pengguna Smart Meter PLN." TEMATIK 9, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.38204/tematik.v9i1.902.

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Smart meters are an integration of ICT in energy meters. The smart meter has a two-way communication feature that allows the operator to read energy data remotely and in real-time. Carrying out remote and real-time monitoring raises several problems including connection costs, coverage area, and the quality of the connection. Based on this background, the formulation of the problem in this study is how to choose effective and efficient smart meter connectivity for customers and how the performance of IndiHome services in the implementation of PLN's smart meters. The purpose of this study is to provide a recommendation system for the selection of an effective connection and propose a new architecture for PLN smart meter customers. This is one of the Internet of things (IoT) implementations to save cost in the use of smart meters. The method used is a literature review, survey, data collection, develop a new architecture, as well as analysis and evaluation of the results. The results of this study indicate that the proposed new IndiHome architecture can send monitoring data from the PLN smart meter device remotely and in real-time and does not incur costs that burden customers.
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Fettermann, Diego, Pedro Christoffel, Jaime Castillo, and Angelo Sant’Anna. "The Role of Performance in Smart Meter’s Acceptance: A Survey in Joinville, Brazil." Urban Science 8, no. 1 (December 20, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8010001.

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The incorporation of renewable energy sources necessitates the upgrade of the electrical grid to a smart grid, which involves the implementation of smart meters. Although smart meters provide benefits to users, many smart meter implementation projects have failed to be accepted by users. This article assesses the factors influencing the acceptance of household smart meters in Joinville, a city in the south of Brazil. Based on the Unified and Extended Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2), a structural equation model was estimated using data from a sample of 136 respondents in the city of Joinville. The results indicate that Performance Expectancy, Hedonic Motivation, and Social Influence constructs have a more substantial effect on the Intention to Use smart meters. The results provide evidence for planning the upgrade of the electrical grid by implementing smart meters in southern Brazil.
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Irfan, Muhammad, Ashfaq Niaz, Muhammad Qasim Habib, Muhammad Usman Shoukat, Shahid Hussain Atta, and Akbar Ali. "Digital Twin Concept, Method and Technical Framework for Smart Meters." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 3 (June 8, 2023): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(3).10.

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Smart meters connect smart grid electricity suppliers and users. Smart meters have become a research hotspot as smart grid applications like demand response, power theft prevention, power quality monitoring, peak valley time of use prices, and peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading have grown. But, as the carriers of these functions, smart meters have technical problems such as limited computing resources, difficulty in upgrading, and high costs, which to some extent restrict the further development of smart grid applications. To address these issues, this study offers a container-based digital twin (CDT) approach for smart meters, which not only increases the user-facing computing resources of smart meters but also simplifies and lowers the overall cost and technical complexity of meter changes. In order to further validate the effectiveness of this method in real-time applications on the smart grid user side, this article tested and analyzed the communication performance of the digital twin system in three areas: remote application services, peer-to-peer transactions, and real-time user request services. The experimental results show that the CDT method proposed in this paper meets the basic requirements of smart grid user-side applications for real-time communication. The container is deployed in the cloud, and the average time required to complete 100 P2P communications using our smart meter structure is less than 2.4 seconds, while the average time required for existing smart meter structures to complete the same number of P2P communications is 208 seconds. Finally, applications, the future development direction of the digital twin method, and technology architecture are projected.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Smart meters"

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Dandugula, Chaitanya. "Networking for Smart Meters." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98210.

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"Smart grid" generally refers to a class of technology bringing electricity delivery systems into the 21st century, using computer-based remote control and automation. With the growing energy demand, efficient usage of the available energy resources is increasingly becoming a major issue around the world. Smart grid is a step in that direction. Research in the European Union and the United States are currently underway to modernize the existing and aging transmission grid and to streamline the usage of electricity. A typical electricity grid consists of two major entities - the utility company and the distribution control system (DCS). Electricity is generated at the utility company and the DCS is responsible for the distribution of electricity to individual homes/consumers. A smart meter (SM) is an electronic device that measures the electricity consumed at the consumer's premises and provides added information to the utility company. The data concentration unit (DCU) is a device acting as a communication hub collecting and encoding data from multiple smart meters in a neighborhood and forwarding the data to the utility company. The aim of this project is to design a network for securing the communication between the SM and the DCU in a smart metering network environment. The meter data communicated from the SM to the DCU is very sensitive and in the hands of an attacker, can reveal significant personal information about an individual. Hence it is of at most importance to protect the meter data transmitted from the SM. On the other hand the control signals transmitted from the DCU to the SM, need protection in order to thwart off unauthorized signals (i.e., an intruder can impersonate the DC and send out control signals to the SMs). Hence the SM and the DCU should be authenticated by each other and authorized and the data and/or control signals exchanged between them should be encrypted.
"Smart grid" avser i allmänhet en klass av teknik föra system elleverans till 21: a århundradet, med hjälp av datorbaserade fjärrkontroll och automation. Med den ökande efterfrågan på energi, är effektiv användning av de tillgängliga energiresurser blir alltmer en viktig fråga över hela världen. Smart grid är ett steg i den riktningen. Forskning i Europeiska unionen och USA för närvarande pågår för att modernisera befintliga och åldrande transmissionsnätet och effektivisera användningen av el. En typisk elnätet består av två större enheter - de allmännyttiga företaget och \distribution control system"(DCS). El genereras vid verktyget företaget och DCS ansvarar för distributionen av el till enskilda hem / konsumenter. En smart meter (SM) är en elektronisk apparat som mäter elförbrukning på konsumentens lokaler och ger ökad information till elbolaget. \Data concentration unit"(DCU) är en enhet fungerar som ett kommunikationsnav insamling och kodning av data från flera smarta mätare i ett område och vidarebefordra data till elbolaget. Syftet med detta projekt är att utforma ett nätverk för att säkra kommunikationen mellan SM och DCU i ett smart mätning nätverksmiljö. Mätaren uppgifter som lämnas från SM till DCU är mycket känslig och i händerna på en angripare, kan avslöja viktig personlig information om en individ. Följaktligen är det av som mest betydelse för att skydda de mätdata som sänds från SM: en. å andra sidan styrsignaler överförs från DCU till SM och behöver skydd för att hindra av obehöriga signaler (dvs en inkräktare kan personifiera DC och skicka ut styrsignaler till SM). Därför SM och DCU ska bestyrkas av varandra och godkänts och data och / eller styrsignaler utväxlas mellan dem ska vara krypterad.
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Giaconi, Giulio. "Information-theoretic privacy in smart meters." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/62630.

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Smart grids promise to enhance drastically the efficiency of today's power networks. One of the key components of smart grids is the smart meter, which allows to monitor a user's electricity consumption with much higher resolution compared to conventional energy meters. However, the high resolution of smart meter measurements also entails serious privacy implications for the users, as it makes easier to distinguish the power signature of single appliances from the aggregate household consumption. This would lead an attacker, which may be a thief, a surveillance agency, or the utility provider itself, to gain insights into users' activities and behaviors. In this dissertation we analyze several privacy-preserving techniques that protect users' privacy without diminishing the utility of smart grids. We adopt physical resources that are increasingly available at the users' premises, such as renewable energy sources and rechargeable batteries, and use them to minimize the information leaked about a user's electricity consumption, as well as the cost of energy. We deploy information-theoretic tools to characterize the fundamental limits of smart meter privacy, measuring privacy via mutual information, and characterizing single-letter expressions for the information leaked when considering infinite and zero-capacity rechargeable batteries. These scenarios represent lower and upper bounds on the privacy performance of more realistic settings with finite-capacity rechargeable batteries. When considering a finite-capacity battery, we express the information leakage as an additive quantity, and cast the problem as a stochastic control problem, which can be solved by dynamic programming. We also propose more empirical privacy-preserving strategies, testing their performance against real smart meter measurements and time of use pricing tariffs. In particular, we measure privacy as the squared difference between the smart meter measurements and a target profile, which we consider as a completely private power profile, and characterize the optimal trade-off between privacy and cost of energy.
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Musalam, Dina, and Paulina Nicodemus. "Security and Privacy methods in Smart Home: Case Study in Smart Meters." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20273.

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Homes with integrated state of the art technology are considered Smart Homes. A smart home has special systems which enable remote control via remote computer or smart phones. These modern integrated services are supported by electrical power infrastructures called Smart Grids, which provides a stable electrical power environment to support all functionalities, with intelligent power systems that provide increased power quality. Inside a Smart home, a legacy metering system called Smart Meters are installed offering new functionalities such as remote readings of power consumption, and different time usage of tariffs.Preliminary research has already indicated vulnerability attacks on smart meters which affect the security and privacy in smart meters. Security issues in this system include vulnerabilities and privacy issues includes information leakage in real-time consumption data that is recorded by the smart meters.Enhancing both security and privacy in the smart meters are the main purpose of this thesis. The principle goal of this research is to provide more understanding about the smart meters from a security and privacy perspective. This thesis investigates issues and problems in smart meters and proposes a secure communication protocol in the application layer, in addition to a proof-of-concept of the final solution. In this research we introduce the solution by means of two scenarios, we highlight the effects of an attack on the smart meters on levels of simulation and theory. The first scenario is to "take control over the smart meter to access the data consumptions in the smart meters". The proposed solution of using the Smart Phone as a third part to protect the smart meters has been evaluated using a network simulation tool. The result shows that the data captured by attacking node is encrypted and can't be used for any useful operation. In the second scenario, "monitoring the data consumptions to harm the user's privacy", in other words, stealing the user's devices. The proposed solution is using the home electrical power routing to moderate the home's load signature in order to hide appliance usage information. Data clusters are implemented as a proof of concept to evaluate the data. The results show that there is only 99.5 % correct clustered data with good quality.
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Martinez, Parrondo Yago. "Smart Meters : Basic Elements in the Development of Smart Grids." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13630.

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The necessity of a revolution in the electrical system is obvious, and smart meters will be the solution. The development of smart grids will be built over the new electronic measuring devices, which imply a challenge for the next few years in the engineering field.In order to understand the basics of smart grids, we have carried a description and comparison of both the current and the next-gen electrical systems. Emphasizing the advantages and opportunities obtained by changing into the smart grids, it demonstrates the importance of moving towards a more modern measurement system.A very important issue is to decide which should be the minimum features in Smart Meters, therefore this thesis analyzes the different exiting models and also proposes several suggestions for the future. Finally, it was conducted a report of the current deployment situation of this new technology in various representative countries. Describing the settings and options chosen by each country, we can achieve a conclusion that unifies a standard solution by the choice of the best proposals.
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Vadda, Praveen, and Sreerama Murthy Seelam. "Smart Metering for Smart Electricity Consumption." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2476.

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In recent years, the demand for electricity has increased in households with the use of different appliances. This raises a concern to many developed and developing nations with the demand in immediate increase of electricity. There is a need for consumers or people to track their daily power usage in houses. In Sweden, scarcity of energy resources is faced during the day. So, the responsibility of human to save and control these resources is also important. This research work focuses on a Smart Metering data for distributing the electricity smartly and efficiently to the consumers. The main drawback of previously used traditional meters is that they do not provide information to the consumers, which is accomplished with the help of Smart Meter. A Smart Meter helps consumer to know the information of consumption of electricity for appliances in their respective houses. The aim of this research work is to measure and analyze power consumption using Smart Meter data by conducting case study on various households. In addition of saving electricity, Smart Meter data illustrates the behaviour of consumers in using devices. As power consumption is increasing day by day there should be more focus on understanding consumption patterns i.e. measurement and analysis of consumption over time is required. In case of developing nations, the technology of employing smart electricity meters is still unaware to many common people and electricity utilities. So, there is a large necessity for saving energy by installing these meters. Lowering the energy expenditure by understanding the behavior of consumers and its correlation with electricity spot prices motivated to perform this research. The methodology followed to analyze the outcome of this study is exhibited with the help of a case analysis, ARIMA model using XLSTAT tool and a flattening technique. Based on price evaluation results provided in the research, hypothesis is attained to change the behavior of consumers when they have better control on their habits. This research contributes in measuring the Smart Meter power consumption data in various households and interpretation of the data for hourly measurement could cause consumers to switch consumption to off-peak periods. With the results provided in this research, users can change their behavior when they have better control on their habits. As a result, power consumption patterns of Smart electricity distribution are studied and analyzed, thereby leading to an innovative idea for saving the limited resource of electrical energy.
+91 9908265578
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Samarakoon, Kamalanath Bandara. "Use of smart meters for frequency and voltage control." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/35740/.

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A load control scheme that used frequency measurements of a smart meter for controlling domestic appliances to provide primary response was investigated. An experimental rig was developed to test and demonstrate the scheme. The amount of loads to be controlled to limit the frequency drop of the Great Britain (GB) power system to a set of minimum allowable frequencies was found. Operating speeds and the limitations of the components of the load controller in providing primary response are discussed. It is shown that if smart meters are to play any role in primary response then the speed at which the system frequency is measured must be increased very considerably. Load profile of fridges/freezers, washers/dryers and hobs/ovens in the GB power system were constructed. Then the percentages of appliances required to be in the load control scheme to shed the estimated amount of controllable loads, were calculated. It is found that the total controllable load requirement can be provided using fridges and freezers alone. Since many washers/dryers and hobs/ovens do not operate at night, they can not then provide a significant amount of controllable loads. However, using these appliances in the day time, the amount of fridges and freezers in the load control scheme can be reduced significantly. The ability of the proposed smart metering system in the UK to report available demand response from the appliances to the network operator was investigated. It was found that the communication network would not support reporting demand response in near real-time. Using load profiles of appliances for 40,000 houses, it was shown that by installing aggregation devices at distribution transformers and substations, the demand response can be reported to the network operator every minute. By aggregating and sending changes only, the impact of reporting demand response in near real-time on communication network reduces significantly. The ability of a state estimator to estimate distribution network voltages using smart meter measurements obtained on the previous day was evaluated. The improvement 10 of the accuracy of the estimated voltages with the number of nodes providing near real-time measurements obtained from distributed generators was also investigated. It was found that when the voltages are estimated using the previous day’s measurements without using any near real-time measurement, the voltage error at all nodes were high. By using near-real time measurements obtained from distributed generators, the error can be reduced significantly.
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CORREIA, WEULES FERNANDES. "INCLUSION OF STATISTICAL METHODS AS BILLING SUPPORT OF SMART METERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35304@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
A sociedade está vivendo em uma época de forte convergência tecnológica, onde novas tecnologias são descobertas e extintas em um prazo cada vez menor. Esta revolução tecnológica também já chegou para o setor de infraestrutura de distribuição de energia que são as Redes Elétricas Inteligentes, sendo o medidor inteligente o principal equipamento desta revolução. Apesar da evolução do parque de medidores brasileiros, a regulação comercial não acompanhou esta modernização e continua tendo como referência o sistema de medição convencional com a atuação de leituristas e não considerando as oportunidades de usar dados de consumo, mesmo que não sejam da data do faturamento nos casos de falhas de transmissão da informação e aplicação de ferramentas estatísticas para estimação no faturamento. Neste contexto, esta dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar as regras regulatórias de faturamento considerando as ausências de leituras, propor uma nova metodologia para definir como realizar o faturamento na ausência de leituras considerando consumos anteriores e usar ferramentas estatísticas para a definição do valor a ser faturado. A metodologia pode ser dividida em duas fases: (i) imputação de dados faltantes na base de dados decorrentes de possíveis erros de transmissão dos medidores; (ii) previsão do consumo de energia elétrica por cliente. O presente trabalho cumpriu os objetivos aos quais se propôs e apresentou uma alternativa promissora para o faturamento com medidores inteligentes e que utilize tecnologias de comunicação de baixo custo e que possam apresentar uma efetividade de medição abaixo da ideal, no caso, 100 por cento.
Society is living in a time of strong technological convergence, where new technologies are discovered and extinguished in an ever shorter time frame. This technological revolution has also arrived for the energy distribution infrastructure with the Smart Grid, in which the smart meter being the main equipment of this revolution. Despite the evolution of the Brazilian meter park, the commercial regulation did not go along with this modernization and continues with reference to the conventional metering system and not considering the opportunities to use consumption data comes from out of the billing date, in cases of data transmission failures, being thus possible use statistical tools for billing estimation. In this context, this dissertation aims to evaluate the regulatory rules of billing considering the absences of readings, proposing a new methodology to define how to estimate the billing in the absence of readings, considering previous consumption and using statistical tools to define the value to be billed. The methodology can be divided into two phases: (i) imputation of missing data in the database, resulting from possible transmission errors of the meters; (ii) forecast of electricity consumption per customer. The present work fulfilled the objectives proposed and presented a promising alternative for billing with smart meters using low cost communication technologies that could have low measurement effectiveness, in this case, 100 percent.
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Chalmers, C. "Adaptive health monitoring using aggregated energy readings from smart meters." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7543/.

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Worldwide, the number of people living with self-limiting conditions, such as Dementia, Parkinson’s disease and depression, is increasing. The resulting strain on healthcare resources means that providing 24-hour monitoring for patients is a challenge. As this problem escalates, caring for an ageing population will become more demanding over the next decade, and the need for new, innovative and cost effective home monitoring technologies are now urgently required. The research presented in this thesis directly proposes an alternative and cost effective method for supporting independent living that offers enhancements for Early Intervention Practices (EIP). In the UK, a national roll out of smart meters is underway. Energy suppliers will install and configure over 50 million smart meters by 2020. The UK is not alone in this effort. In other countries such as Italy and the USA, large scale deployment of smart meters is in progress. These devices enable detailed around-the-clock monitoring of energy usage. Specifically, each smart meter records accurately the electrical load for a given property at 10 second intervals, 24 hours a day. This granular data captures detailed habits and routines through user interactions with electrical devices. The research presented in this thesis exploits this infrastructure by using a novel approach that addresses the limitations associated with current Ambient Assistive Living technologies. By applying a novel load disaggregation technique and leveraging both machine learning and cloud computing infrastructure, a comprehensive, nonintrusive and personalised solution is achieved. This is accomplished by correlating the detection of individual electrical appliances and correlating them with an individual’s Activities of Daily Living. By utilising a random decision forest, the system is able to detect the use of 5 appliance types from an aggregated load environment with an accuracy of 96%. By presenting the results as vectors to a second classifier both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is detected with an accuracy of 92.64% and a mean squared error rate of 0.0736 using a random decision forest. The approach presented in this thesis is validated through a comprehensive patient trial, which demonstrates that the detection of both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is possible.
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Akbar, Yousef M. A. H. "Intrusion Detection of Flooding DoS Attacks on Emulated Smart Meters." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98554.

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The power grid has changed a great deal from what has been generally viewed as a traditional power grid. The modernization of the power grid has seen an increase in the integration and incorporation of computing and communication elements, creating an interdependence of both physical and cyber assets of the power grid. The fast-increasing connectivity has transformed the grid from what used to be primarily a physical system into a Cyber- Physical System (CPS). The physical elements within a power grid are well understood by power engineers; however, the newly deployed cyber aspects are new to most researchers and operators in this field. The new computing and communications structure brings new vulnerabilities along with all the benefits it provides. Cyber security of the power grid is critical due to the potential impact it can make on the community or society that relies on the critical infrastructure. These vulnerabilities have already been exploited in the attack on the Ukrainian power grid, a highly sophisticated, multi-layered attack which caused large power outages for numerous customers. There is an urgent need to understand the cyber aspects of the modernized power grid and take the necessary precautions such that the security of the CPS can be better achieved. The power grid is dependent on two main cyber infrastructures, i.e., Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). This thesis investigates the AMI in power grids by developing a testbed environment that can be created and used to better understand and develop security strategies to remove the vulnerabilities that exist within it. The testbed is to be used to conduct and implement security strategies, i.e., an Intrusion Detections Systems (IDS), creating an emulated environment to best resemble the environment of the AMI system. A DoS flooding attack and an IDS are implemented on the emulated testbed to show the effectiveness and validate the performance of the emulated testbed.
M.S.
The power grid is becoming more digitized and is utilizing information and communication technologies more, hence the smart grid. New systems are developed and utilized in the modernized power grid that directly relies on new communication networks. The power grid is becoming more efficient and more effective due to these developments, however, there are some considerations to be made as for the security of the power grid. An important expectation of the power grid is the reliability of power delivery to its customers. New information and communication technology integration brings rise to new cyber vulnerabilities that can inhibit the functionality of the power grid. A coordinated cyber-attack was conducted against the Ukrainian power grid in 2015 that targeted the cyber vulnerabilities of the system. The attackers made sure that the grid operators were unable to observe their system being attacked via Denial of Service attacks. Smart meters are the digitized equivalent of a traditional energy meter, it wirelessly communicates with the grid operators. An increase in deployment of these smart meters makes it such that we are more dependent on them and hence creating a new vulnerability for an attack. The smart meter integration into the power grid needs to be studied and carefully considered for the prevention of attacks. A testbed is created using devices that emulate the smart meters and a network is established between the devices. The network was attacked with a Denial of Service attack to validate the testbed performance, and an Intrusion detection method was developed and applied onto the testbed to prove that the testbed created can be used to study and develop methods to cover the vulnerabilities present.
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EKSTRÖM, EMELIE, and SONIA SIVADASAN. "Smart Water Meters in Swedish Households : The Enablers and Barriers for a Large-Scale Implementation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300173.

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As the global population increases, so does the demand for water, and the increasing water scarcity is a challenge to the global water sector. It is imperative to take large-scale action in order to make water consumption more sustainable, and information and communication technologies such as smart meters have shown great potential.  Sweden is a country that generally does not face water shortage and where research on smart water metering is still rather new. Previous studies have focused on countries where water scarcity is very common, and more research is needed to examine the generalizability of previous findings. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the possibilities for a large-scale implementation of smart water meters in Swedish households, and the guiding research question is: “What are the main enablers and barriers for a large-scale implementation of smart water meters in Swedish households?”. This thesis is of qualitative and exploratory character, and the study consists of a pre-study, a literature review and interviews. Furthermore, the analysis in this thesis is made using a theoretical framework based on Technological Innovation Systems.  The findings indicate that the possibilities for a large-scale implementation of smart water meters in Swedish households are very good. The most significant enablers are that the Swedish water sector is an open and enabling environment, that smart water meters provide more technological opportunities compared to mechanical meters, and that smart water meters are generally accepted among the actors and considered to be the optimal solution in the future.  On the other hand, there are barriers which need to be addressed for a successful large-scale implementation. The most significant barriers are that smart water meters are more expensive and that there are still some uncertainties regarding the choice of technology such as compatibility issues, risk of lock-in effect, and that the technology quickly becomes outdated. However, these factors may not constitute barriers in the future since they either can disappear with time or some of them could be avoided already today. Therefore, the possibilities for a large-scale implementation are still assessed to be very good.
I samband med den globala befolkningsökningen ökar också efterfrågan på vatten, och den ökande vattenbristen är en utmaning för den globala vattensektorn. Det är nödvändigt att vidta storskaliga åtgärder för att göra vattenförbrukningen mer hållbar, och informations- och kommunikationsteknik såsom smarta mätare har visat stor potential.  Sverige är ett land som vanligtvis inte har vattenbrist och där forskningen om smart vattenmätning fortfarande är i sin linda. Tidigare studier har genomförts i länder där vattenbrist är mycket vanligare, och mer forskning behövs för att undersöka generaliserbarheten av tidigare resultat. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka möjligheterna för en storskalig implementering av smarta vattenmätare i svenska hushåll, och arbetets forskningsfråga är: ”Vilka är de viktigaste möjliggörarna och hindren för en storskalig implementering av smarta vattenmätare i svenska hushåll?”. Detta examensarbete är av kvalitativ och utforskande karaktär, och studien består av en förstudie, en litteraturstudie samt intervjuer. Vidare görs analysen i detta examensarbete med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk baserat på Teknologiska innovationssystem.  Resultaten i denna studie tyder på att möjligheterna för en storskalig implementering av smarta vattenmätare i svenska hushåll är mycket goda. De viktigaste möjliggörarna är att den svenska vattensektorn är en öppen och möjliggörande miljö, att smarta vattenmätare ger fler tekniska möjligheter jämfört med mekaniska mätare, och att smarta vattenmätare är allmänt accepterade bland aktörerna och anses vara den optimala lösningen i framtiden.  Det finns dock vissa hinder som måste åtgärdas för att uppnå en framgångsrik storskalig implementering. De viktigaste hindren är att smarta vattenmätare är dyrare och att det fortfarande finns vissa osäkerhetsfaktorer när det gäller val av teknik, t.ex. kompatibilitetsproblem, risk för inlåsning, och att tekniken snabbt föråldras. Det är dock möjligt att dessa faktorer inte utgör hinder i framtiden eftersom de antingen kan försvinna med tiden eller undvikas och hanteras redan idag. Därför bedöms möjligheterna för en storskalig implementering av smarta vattenmätare i svenska hushåll ändå vara mycket goda.
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Books on the topic "Smart meters"

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Ould Abdeslam, Djaffar, ed. Smart Meters. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27556-2.

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Aichele, Christian, and Oliver D. Doleski. Smart Meter Rollout: Praxisleitfaden zur Ausbringung intelligenter Zähler. Wiesbaden: Springer Vieweg, 2013.

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Doris, Elizabeth. Government program briefing: Smart metering. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.

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Office of the Auditor-General of Zimbabwe. Report of the Auditor-General on the management of prepayment and smart metering project by Zimbabwe Electricity Transmission and Distribution Company (ZETDC) a subsidiary of ZESA Holdings (Private) Limited under the Ministry of Energy and Power Development. Harare: Office of the Auditor-General, 2017.

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Research, California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy. Integrating new and emerging technologies into the California smart grid infrastructure: A report on a smart grid for California : PIER final project report. [Sacramento, Calif.]: California Energy Commission, 2008.

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Shaw, Alan. Applying a Social Listening Methodology Through a Qualitative Research Project: Assessing the Perceptions of Smart Meters Through a Forum. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP United Kingdom: SAGE Publications, Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529601350.

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Aichele, Christian, and Oliver D. Doleski, eds. Smart Meter Rollout. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-2440-0.

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Wang, Yi, Qixin Chen, and Chongqing Kang. Smart Meter Data Analytics. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2624-4.

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Beechen, Adam. No more Mr. Smart Guy. New York: Simon Spotlight/Nickelodeon, 2003.

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Kingsland, Jim. Coin and precious metal values, 2010: Trends, deals, and predictions for the smart investor. New York: House of Collectibles, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Smart meters"

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Peddie, R. A. "Smart Meters." In Demand-Side Management and Electricity End-Use Efficiency, 171–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1403-2_9.

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Ntouros, Vasileios, Nikolaos Kampelis, Martina Senzacqua, Theoni Karlessi, Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos, Dionysia Kolokotsa, and Cristina Cristalli. "Smart Meter Awareness in Italy, Ancona." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions, 47–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_4.

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AbstractSmart meters, one of the crucial enablers of the smart-grid concept and cornerstones in smart planning for cities, offer the opportunity for consumers to address their energy consumption effectively through timely and accurate data on their energy usage. However, previous studies have shown that smart meters may not lead to the desired energy savings unless actively used by households. To this end, the research presented in this paper investigates the penetration of smart meters at community level and explores how such a metering system can help people to understand and manage their energy use better. It examines the awareness about smart meters, looks into their presence in current accommodation and focuses on the views people have about smart meters. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed to a group of individuals residing in the wide area of Ancona province in Italy. Although the deployment of modern second-generation smart meters started in 2017 replacing the outdated smart meters massively installed in the 2000s, the results show low-to-moderate levels of awareness of modern smart meters among the respondents and a low presence of second-generation metering devices in their current accommodation. However, the general view expressed by the participants about smart meters is positive. The findings demonstrate that respondents are in need not only of a gauge that measures energy consumption but also of a tool that assists them to manage effectively their energy use.
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Al-Turjman, Fadi, and Mohammad Abujubbeh. "Smart Meters for the Smart-Cities’ Grid." In Intelligence in IoT-enabled Smart Cities, 63–90. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2019.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429022456-5.

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Percebois, Jacques. "Smart Meters and SmartGrids: an Economic Approach." In Smart Grids, 301–19. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118562581.ch11.

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Yesudas, Rani, and Roger Clarke. "Consumer Concerns About Smart Meters." In Distributed, Ambient, and Pervasive Interactions, 625–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20804-6_57.

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Jaatun, Martin Gilje, Inger Anne Tøndel, and Geir M. Køien. "GPRS Security for Smart Meters." In Availability, Reliability, and Security in Information Systems and HCI, 195–207. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40511-2_14.

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Torriti, Jacopo. "The economics of smart meters." In Appraising the Economics of Smart Meters, 12–35. First edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in energy policy: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367203375-2.

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Weißhaar, Daniel, Pirmin Held, Dirk Benyoucef, Djaffar Ould Abdeslam, Patrice Wira, and Jean Mercklé. "Smart Meters Improved by NILM." In Lecture Notes in Energy, 29–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27556-2_3.

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Torriti, Jacopo. "A smart future?" In Appraising the Economics of Smart Meters, 139–60. First edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in energy policy: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367203375-8.

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Sandhya, C. S., S. Nagasundari, and Prasad B. Honnavalli. "Intrusion Resilience Analysis of Smart Meters." In Emerging Research in Computing, Information, Communication and Applications, 377–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1342-5_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Smart meters"

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Bennett, Coalton, and Darren Highfill. "Networking AMI Smart Meters." In 2008 IEEE Energy 2030 Conference (Energy). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energy.2008.4781067.

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Juliadotter, Nina V. "Hacking smart parking meters." In 2016 International Conference on Internet of Things and Applications (IOTA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iota.2016.7562720.

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Gavra, Laurentiu, Petru Pupsa, Monica Sabina Crainic, and Gheorghe Popa. "Residential smart gas meters." In 2012 10th International Symposium on Electronics and Telecommunications (ISETC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isetc.2012.6408044.

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Valigi, E., and E. Di Marino. "Networks optimization with advanced meter infrastructure and smart meters." In 20th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2009). IET, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2009.0842.

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Fangxing, Liu, He Qing, Hu Shiyan, Wang Lei, and Jia Zhengsen. "Estimation of Smart Meters Errors Using Meter Reading Data." In 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem.2018.8501256.

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Jixuan Zheng, David Wenzhong Gao, and Li Lin. "Smart Meters in Smart Grid: An Overview." In 2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/greentech.2013.17.

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Al-Saadi, Aseel, Nayeem Sheikh, and Anupam Varm. "Role of smart meters in smart grid." In 2014 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid (SASG). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sasg.2014.7274282.

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Keyer, Cees, and Frank Leferink. "Conducted interference on smart meters." In 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility & Signal/Power Integrity (EMCSI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isemc.2017.8077940.

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Hoenkamp, R. A., and G. B. Huitema. "Good standards for smart meters." In 2012 9th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2012.6254820.

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Janiga, Peter, Martin Liska, Vladimir Volcko, and Branislav Pilat. "Testing system for smart meters." In 2015 16th International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2015.7161145.

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Reports on the topic "Smart meters"

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Zanker. PR-343-14601-R01 Smart USM Diagnostics - Phase 3. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010043.

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Ultrasonic flow meters, especially those that exploit multiple paths to achieve higher accuracies, are capable of extensive self-diagnosis. Each ultrasonic meter manufacturer has tended to devel-op diagnostic tools specific to his particular device. This has led to a confusing mix of offerings that are not transportable between meters and whose names and interpretations are not always consistent. The focus of this effort has been to examine four areas that yield information indicative of both the health of the meter and the quality of the measurements it is providing: (1) the meter design and how this impacts the individual diagnostics, (2) the timing aspects of the measurement, (3) the indicators of transducer performance and (4) the observed velocity profile characteristics. This work extends the previous analysis of Daniel and Instromet (Elster) ultrasonic meters to in-clude Sick and Krohne meters. It also updates the Daniel and Instromet information and looks at graphical displays that help with condition based monitoring.
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Crowe. PR-261-15609-R01 Machine Learning Algorithms for Smart Meter Diagnostics Part II (TR2701). Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010862.

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Modern smart meters provide an abundance of diagnostic data. Detecting abnormalities in this data can be difficult given the sheer quantity of information. Determining what kind of readings constitute normal operation versus an impending problem has been the subject of significant research; however, there is still room for improvement in real-time fault monitoring. Statistical models known as Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) have been identified as a potential solution. A new feature set was selected that allowed for extension of MLAs to ultrasonic meters with different path arrangements. Principal Component Analysis was used to give structure to and visualize multidimensional ultrasonic meter data. The results showed that MLAs may be extended to meters of different sizes, manufacturers, and from different flow facilities.
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Zanker. L52361 Smart USM Diagnostics - Phase I. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010938.

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It has long been known that all ultrasonic flow meters, especially those that exploit multiple paths to achieve higher accuracies are capable of extensive self-diagnosis. However, each manufacturer of the technology has tended to develop diagnostic tools specific to each particular device. This has led to a confusing mix of offerings that are not transportable between meters, and whose interpretations are not always consistent.
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Schmitt, C., B. Stiller, and B. Trammell. TinyIPFIX for Smart Meters in Constrained Networks. RFC Editor, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8272.

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Gilbert, Ben, and Joshua S. Graff Zivin. Dynamic Salience with Intermittent Billing: Evidence from Smart Electricity Meters. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19510.

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Zanker. PR-343-06604-R02 Smart USM Diagnostics - Phase 2. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010758.

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It has long been known that all ultrasonic flow meters, especially those that exploit multiple paths to achieve higher accuracies, are capable of extensive self-diagnosis. However, each manufacturer of the technology has tended to develop diagnostic tools peculiar to his particular device. This has led to a confusing mix of offerings that are not transportable between meters, and whose interpretations are not always consistent. This report addresses: � Verification of the Phase 1 models against available field data; � Implementation of field-tested methods offered by PRCI users; � Trending the diagnostics with time to detect changes; � Establishing the significance of the changes (magnitude of error); � Deciding if the changes require intervention (maintenance, re-calibration); � Tuning of the Phase 1 models based on this experience; � Verification of the models using experimental testing.
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Zeger, Hans, ed. Smart New World? Key Factors for an Effective and Acceptable Employment of Smart Meters - PROJEKT-ENDBERICHT. Vienna: self, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ita-pb-a57.

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Todd, Annika, Michael Perry, Brian Smith, Michael Sullivan, Peter Cappers, and Charles Goldman. Insights from Smart Meters: The Potential for Peak-Hour Savings from Behavior-Based Programs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1129523.

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Todd, A. M., M. Perry, B. Smith, M. Sullivan, P. Cappers, and C. Goldman. Insights from Smart Meters: The Potential for Peak-Hour Savings from Behavior-Based Programs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1331052.

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Steiner, Richard, Michael Farrell, Shannon Edwards, Joni Ford, Sumaiyah Sarwat, and Thomas Nelson. A NIST testbed for examining the accuracy of smart meters under high harmonic waveform loads. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.8248.

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