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Himani, Rawat, and Pathak Yugal. "Smart Sensors: Analyzing Efficiency of Smart Sensors in Public Domain." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 9, no. 5 (2019): 104–11. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.9.5.15.
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The paper gives the brief idea of smart sensors, structure and its application. Smart sensor as compare to other sensors can sensor anything with the special computing devices connected with each other in sensor network. These smart sensors first convert the digital signals to analog signals and then communicate the message to the device. Now a days smart sensors are used almost everywhere around us but very few people know its working and future applications. So here is a small review on smart sensors. This paper will help you gain knowledge and its applications in daily life.
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Chen, Junru. "Flexible Pressure Sensors and Their Applications." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 44 (April 13, 2023): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v44i.7193.
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The application of flexible pressure sensor is a new type of pressure sensor based on new materials prepared by a nano process. It differs from conventional pressure sensors due to its good flexibility, free bending, small thickness, high sensitivity, and ease of mass production, and is particularly suited for measuring soft surface contact stress. It has several potential applications in smart homes, smart medicine, wearable gadgets, and other domains. The microstructure can not only increase the sensor's sensitivity, but it can also recover the sensor's elastic deformation more quickly, so it has a swift duty. The capacitive flexible pressure sensor will be introduced first, followed by the resistive pressure sensor, and then their practical applications will be discussed. This paper's research will contribute significantly to the study and implementation of flexible pressure sensors. It will contribute significantly to the study and application of flexible pressure sensors.
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Alonso, Monica, Hortensia Amaris, Daniel Alcala, and Diana M. Florez R. "Smart Sensors for Smart Grid Reliability." Sensors 20, no. 8 (2020): 2187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082187.
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Sensors for monitoring electrical parameters over an entire electricity network infrastructure play a fundamental role in protecting smart grids and improving the network’s energy efficiency. When a short circuit takes place in a smart grid it has to be sensed as soon as possible to reduce its fault duration along the network and to reduce damage to the electricity infrastructure as well as personal injuries. Existing protection devices, which are used to sense the fault, range from classic analog electro-mechanics relays to modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). However, both types of devices have fixed adjustment settings (offline stage) and do not provide any coordination among them under real-time operation. In this paper, a new smart sensor is developed that offers the capability to update its adjustment settings during real-time operation, in coordination with the rest of the smart sensors spread over the network. The proposed sensor and the coordinated protection scheme were tested in a standard smart grid (IEEE 34-bus test system) under different short circuit scenarios and renewable energy penetration. Results suggest that the short-circuit fault sensed by the smart sensor is improved up to 80% and up to 64% compared with analog electromechanics relays and IEDs, respectively.
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Bas, Joan, Taposhree Dutta, Ignacio Llamas Garro, Jesús Salvador Velázquez-González, Rakesh Dubey, and Satyendra K. Mishra. "Embedded Sensors with 3D Printing Technology: Review." Sensors 24, no. 6 (2024): 1955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24061955.
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Embedded sensors (ESs) are used in smart materials to enable continuous and permanent measurements of their structural integrity, while sensing technology involves developing sensors, sensory systems, or smart materials that monitor a wide range of properties of materials. Incorporating 3D-printed sensors into hosting structures has grown in popularity because of improved assembly processes, reduced system complexity, and lower fabrication costs. 3D-printed sensors can be embedded into structures and attached to surfaces through two methods: attaching to surfaces or embedding in 3D-printed sensors. We discussed various additive manufacturing techniques for fabricating sensors in this review. We also discussed the many strategies for manufacturing sensors using additive manufacturing, as well as how sensors are integrated into the manufacturing process. The review also explained the fundamental mechanisms used in sensors and their applications. The study demonstrated that embedded 3D printing sensors facilitate the development of additive sensor materials for smart goods and the Internet of Things.
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Boutora, Saliha, and Lina Dellili. "Smart grid reliability improvement using smart sensors." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 3 (2024): e12374. https://doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n3-010.
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This study investigates the enhancement of reliability in smart grids through the implementation of a novel protective device, a relay-based smart sensor. The smart grid introduces unique challenges for security systems, such as bidirectional energy flow, variable fault currents, and increased vulnerability due to distributed generation. Traditional protective relays, while essential in legacy systems, often fall short in addressing these complexities. Smart sensors, on the other hand, offer advanced capabilities by integrating sensing devices, signal processors, and microprocessors into a single unit capable of real-time data processing and communication. Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), the reliability of smart sensors in a decentralized grid was analyzed and compared to traditional relays. Various subsystems, including photovoltaic and wind turbine setups, were examined to assess system dependability. The results demonstrate a significant reliability improvement when using smart sensors, achieving a reliability score of 0.881 compared to 0.669 for traditional relays. This highlights the transformative potential of smart sensors in enhancing network protection and mitigating risks. The study underscores the necessity of adopting innovative technologies to address the evolving demands of smart grid systems. Future work could explore more complex fault trees and external factors impacting microgrid performance.
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Mehetre, Rahul. "Smart Agriculture Monitoring System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53655.
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Abstract: In this morden industry remote monitoring and controlling equipment at farm from a long distance is challenging now a days. At present we are able to control the equipment with the help of smartphones using IOT. This paper presents a novel of smart agriculture system using ATmega328P with global connection using Internet of Things (IOT). Internet of Thing (IOT) plays a important role in smart agriculture system. Smart agriculture helps to reduce the farmers work. It works automatically or farmer can operate it from anywhere. Smart agriculture monitoring system used wireless sensor network that collect all live information from different sensors and send that data through wireless protocol. Sensors that are used in system provides information about agriculture field. This project is developed to monitor crop-field using sensors (Soil Moisture Sensor, Rain Sensor, Temperature and Humidity Sensor).
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Doke, Arnav, and Akhilesh Awate. "Smart Sensors and their Applications in IoT." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (2022): 2370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41138.
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Abstract: Smart sensors have a significant role to play in the Modern Era. Sensors play a vital role for effective functioning of Internet of Things (IOT) systems as they play the key role of data collection. Sensor should be Robust, Reliable, Accurate, Precise, and sensitive and for IoT specific application they should also exhibit remote operating characteristics. Emerging technologies like IoT, ML, etc. demand sensors that can be used for smart applications. In IoT, objects are equipped with sensors, actuators and are inter connected with computing systems. This enables the data collection on the basis of which optimized decisions can be taken. The shift towards smart systems is of paramount importance as they show significant increase in efficiency and have contributed towards safe and sustainable solutions. The way to increase the efficiency of IoT Enabled Systems is not only to use new generation sensors but also to implement them in a more efficient and effective manner. This paper shows how IoT is benefitting from advancements in sensor technology. In this paper we will be focussing on sensors and its types with an IoT oriented Application. Keywords: Smart Sensors; Internet of Things; Infrared Sensor; Pressure Sensor; Temperature Sensor; Proximity Sensor; Humidity Sensor; Gyroscope Sensor.
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Maisha Putra, I. Gusti Agung Ngurah, I. Kadek Andika Pranata, Ni Made Paramitha Sekar Putri A.P., et al. "PENERAPAN SENSOR CJMCU101 UNTUK MENDUKUNG SISTEM SMART LECTURE ROOM." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 10, no. 4 (2023): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2023.v10.i04.p22.
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This study presents the design of a Smart Lecture Room system that utilizes light intensity sensors, specifically CJMCU101. These sensors are installed in each classroom to monitor the ambient conditions. The implementation of the designed system was carried out in the classrooms of the Udayana University Electrical Engineering Study Program. To achieve this goal, the classroom utilized by the Electrical Engineering Study Program of Udayana University was divided into two classes (DH101 and DH102) and a sensor was installed in each class as an IoT device. The IoT devices are connected to a Raspberry Pi Access Point, where the data from the sensors is stored and monitored using the Thinger.io platform. The validation of the sensor testing is carried out by comparing the results obtained from the sensors with the results obtained from a thermohygrometer measurement. This research produces a prototype smart lecture system, applied to a classroom mockup, that employs IoT devices, sensor databases, and sensor monitoring. The data from each sensor's detection is stored in the LAMP database, which employs Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP. The Thinger.io platform monitors the values of each sensor. A variation in accuracy between the sensor and measuring instrument results in a difference in their values. The CJMCU101 light intensity sensor has an average accuracy of 93.48% compared to the measuring instrument on DH101. The average accuracy of the sensor value compared to the measuring instrument on DH102 is 95.96%.
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Mulloni, Viviana, Giada Marchi, Andrea Gaiardo, Matteo Valt, Massimo Donelli, and Leandro Lorenzelli. "Applications of Chipless RFID Humidity Sensors to Smart Packaging Solutions." Sensors 24, no. 9 (2024): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24092879.
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Packaging solutions have recently evolved to become smart and intelligent thanks to technologies such as RFID tracking and communication systems, but the integration of sensing functionality in these systems is still under active development. In this paper, chipless RFID humidity sensors suitable for smart packaging are proposed together with a novel strategy to tune their performances and their operating range. The sensors are flexible, fast, low-cost and easy to fabricate and can be read wirelessly. The sensitivity and the humidity range where they can be used are adjustable by changing one of the sensor’s structural parameters. Moreover, these sensors are proposed as double parameter sensors, using both the frequency shift and the intensity variation of the resonance peak for the measure of the relative humidity. The results show that the sensitivity can vary remarkably among the sensors proposed, together with the operative range. The sensor suitability in two specific smart packaging applications is discussed. In the first case, a threshold sensor in the low-humidity range for package integrity verification is analyzed, and in the second case, a more complex measurement of humidity in non-hermetic packages is investigated. The discussion shows that the sensor configuration can easily be adapted to the different application needs.
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Betts, B. "Smart Sensors." IEEE Spectrum 43, no. 4 (2006): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2006.1611760.
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Corsi, C. "Smart sensors." Microsystem Technologies 1, no. 3 (1995): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01294808.
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Najafi, K. "Smart sensors." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 1, no. 2 (1991): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/1/2/002.
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Ranky, Paul G. "Smart sensors." Sensor Review 22, no. 4 (2002): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02602280210444627.
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Corsi, C. "Smart Sensors." Infrared Physics & Technology 49, no. 3 (2007): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2006.06.002.
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Giachino, Joseph M. "Smart sensors." Sensors and Actuators 10, no. 3-4 (1986): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(86)80048-8.
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Gupta, Naisha. "IoT based Smart Irrigation System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 6616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53238.
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Abstract: Automation in the field of agriculture has brought a new wave of development. The proposed model is based on IoT and its various applications. This system consists of three sensors integrated with IoT to provide the user with real time updates and control of the field. The various sensors used are soil moisture sensor, rain sensor and temperature and humidity sensor. All these sensors help in monitoring the values of important aspects of irrigation and agriculture. With the help of the proposed model, the user would not only be able to see the various sensor values in real time but also control the moisture level and the status of irrigation in real time as well. This model will not only help in preventing water-logging or drought, but will also increase the efficiency of the yield and conserve valuable energy.
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Schütze, Andreas, Nikolai Helwig, and Tizian Schneider. "Sensors 4.0 – smart sensors and measurement technology enable Industry 4.0." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 7, no. 1 (2018): 359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-359-2018.
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Abstract. “Industrie 4.0” or the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are two terms for the current (r)evolution seen in industrial automation and control. Everything is getting smarter and data generated at all levels of the production process are used to improve product quality, flexibility, and productivity. This would not be possible without smart sensors, which generate the data and allow further functionality from self-monitoring and self-configuration to condition monitoring of complex processes. In analogy to Industry 4.0, the development of sensors has undergone distinctive stages culminating in today's smart sensors or “Sensor 4.0”. This paper briefly reviews the development of sensor technology over the last 2 centuries, highlights some of the potential that can be achieved with smart sensors and data evaluation, and discusses success requirements for future developments. In addition to magnetic sensor technologies which allow self-test and self-calibration and can contribute to many applications due to their wide spectrum of measured quantities, the paper discusses condition monitoring as a primary paradigm for introducing smart sensors and data analysis in manufacturing processes based on two projects performed in our group.
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Karthik, S. L., Prudhvi Kurella, and L. Jinith Reddy. "IoT enabled smart agriculture." MATEC Web of Conferences 392 (2024): 01150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202439201150.
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Individuals in India get by off agribusiness. Significant job in nation's economy. Relocation from provincial to metropolitan regions impedes farming today. Observing the climate alone won't support farming efficiency. No significant factors lessen efficiency. To settle these issues, agribusiness needs robotization. An independent water system framework saves ranchers time, cash, and power. Customary homestead water system requires actual inclusion. With programmed water system, human association is diminished. Sensors and the Internet of Things (IOT) can persistently screen crops and illuminate ranchers about crop development and gather time, expanding crop efficiency and guaranteeing ideal item conveyance to purchasers. We use IOT for brilliant agriculture to tackle this issue. This venture gathers and cycles field information from temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and rain sensors. These sensors use web innovations to remotely control and screen sensor information by means of a wireless sensor network.
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Lozoya-Santos, Jorge de-J., L. C. Félix-Herrán, Juan C. Tudón-Martínez, Adriana Vargas-Martinez, and Ricardo A. Ramirez-Mendoza. "Design and Implementation of an IoT-Oriented Strain Smart Sensor with Exploratory Capabilities on Energy Harvesting and Magnetorheological Elastomer Transducers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124387.
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This work designed and implemented a new low-cost, Internet of Things-oriented, wireless smart sensor prototype to measure mechanical strain. The research effort explores the use of smart materials as transducers, e.g., a magnetorheological elastomer as an electrical-resistance sensor, and a cantilever beam with piezoelectric sensors to harvest energy from vibrations. The study includes subsequent and validated results with a magnetorheological elastomer transducer that contained multiwall carbon nanotubes with iron particles, generated voltage tests from an energy-harvesting system that functions with an array of piezoelectric sensors embedded in a rubber-based cantilever beam, wireless communication to send data from the sensor’s central processing unit towards a website that displays and stores the handled data, and an integrated manufactured prototype. Experiments showed that electrical-resistivity variation versus measured strain, and the voltage-generation capability from vibrations have the potential to be employed in smart sensors that could be integrated into commercial solutions to measure strain in automotive and aircraft systems, and civil structures. The reported experiments included cloud-computing capabilities towards a potential Internet of Things application of the smart sensor in the context of monitoring automotive-chassis vibrations and airfoil damage for further analysis and diagnostics, and in general structural-health-monitoring applications.
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Vijaya Lakshmi, U., and P. Srividya Devi. "Sensors and its Smart Applications." International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research 5, no. 5 (2017): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.70729/ijser151360.
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Tanaka, N., S. D. Snyder, and C. H. Hansen. "Distributed Parameter Modal Filtering Using Smart Sensors." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 118, no. 4 (1996): 630–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2888345.
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This paper considers the design of distributed parameter modal sensors called “smart sensors,” with a particular emphasis on filtering the combination of appropriately weighted vibration modes providing a specific performance index in control strategy. First, with a two-dimensional distributed parameter sensor using a PVDF film, the necessary and sufficient condition for sensing the transformed modes of a structure is derived. Then, by considering the practicability of the two-dimensional sensors, an alternative approach based upon one-dimensional smart sensors is presented. It is found that the latter approach holds the necessary condition for sensing the transformed mode. This problem is overcome by introducing multiple one-dimensional smart sensors. Moreover, the design procedure for the multiple one-dimensional smart sensors for measuring the transformed mode is established. Finally, an experiment is conducted, demonstrating the validity of the smart sensors.
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Khaldoon, Ammar Omar, Dhahir Malik Ahmed, Jamil Ansar, and Muwafeq Gheni Hasan. "Faulty sensor detection using multi-variate sensors in internet of things (IoTs)." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS) 18, no. 3 (2020): 1391–99. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1391-1399.
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The failure on the IoT devices is also caused due to limited battery life, hardware failure or human mistakes. Sensor faults can be categorized under one type of hardware failure, such as sensor burn, reduced sensor sensitivity and malfunctioned sensors. Any faulty on the IoT devices can cause a problem on the overall operation of the IoT system. Because of this, we proposed a faulty sensor detection and identification mechanism using multivariate sensors. Two methods of decision making are introduced in detecting faulty sensors, which are logical and correlation method that implemented in smart parking system and smart agriculture system accordingly. The logical method compares state of all sensors (ultrasound, IR and hall-effect) in the smart parking system either a parking lot is occupied or available, and then determine the condition of the sensors. The drawback of this method is not able to detect faulty sensor properly for a constant fault, which the sensor reading remains the same value. The correlation method calculates the correlation between all sensors (soil moisture, soil temperature and soil water) in the smart agriculture system. This method uses a moving window technique to calculate the correlation for all sensor over time. Any incomparable and uncorrelated sensor readings means a presence of faulty sensors. Based on the experiment results, the findings shows that the proposed faulty sensor detection mechanism is working properly in detecting faulty sensor in a timely manner.
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Kondratov, V. "Metrological Support for Wireless Sensor Systems." Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.20.1.9.
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The paper identifies twelve problems of metrological reliability of wireless sensor systems that require their solution. The most urgent is the problem of determining the main parameters of the metrological reliability of wireless sensor systems. It is closely related to solving the problem of self-calibration of optical smart sensors that are part of the smart nodes of the system. The task of self-calibration of smart sensors is solved when three basic conditions are met: 1) when creating and using structurally redundant optical sensors designed to implement methods of redundant measurements; 2) when developing LEDs or other highly stable sources of optical radiation, including those with controlled parameters, for any given spectral range of wavelengths; 3) when creating in micro-performance filters on a priori given range of the spectrum of optical sines. The article describes two methods of metrological support for BSS smart sensors, based on the introduction of information redundancy by conducting three clock cycles of measuring physical quantity with a smart sensor, followed by processing the data using an a priori derived algorithm. The disadvantages and advantages of the methods are shown. It is stated that the use of the theory of excess measurements is the only correct way to solve the problem of self-calibration of sensors and measuring instruments. Given the harsh operating conditions of optical smart sensors, it is preferable to manufacture them using high technology. Today, in Ukraine, no one is engaged in a practical solution to the problems of metrological reliability of wireless sensor systems and the solution of the problems of self-calibration of smart sensors.
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Fisher, Rodney A., and Roger Schlicht. "E-Smart Threat Agent System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1822, no. 1 (2003): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1822-07.
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The Environmental Systems Management, Analysis and Reporting neTwork (E-SMART) was developed as a system of smart sensors; active controls; and data acquisition, data reduction, and adaptive decision software to sample, analyze, and report on environmental contamination and cleanup activities on an installation. The prototype system was installed and demonstrated and is operating at Tinker Air Force Base (AFB), Oklahoma. The system is based on ANSI/EIA-709.1-A networking protocol originally developed for building environmental systems automation and process control. Sensor interfaces have been developed that allow E-SMART to network commercial off-the-shelf “smart” or “dumb” environmental sensors, new innovative sensors, or both. The network architecture can support communications media connections via wire, radio frequency, fiber optics, and so on. The system has been on line at Tinker AFB since 1998 and originally consisted of about 100 sensors and has a present array of 30 sensors, measuring up to six variables each. Most recently, development has begun to expand the E-SMART sensor suite to include threat-agent sensors: E-SMART → E-SMART Threat Agent (E-SMART TA). This effort is integrating online chemical and biological sensors and monitoring systems to demonstrate an E-SMART TA system to enhance protection, warning, and response. The emphasis is on maximizing adaptability and flexibility by accepting the widest possible variety of toxic industrial chemical and material and chemical and biological agent sensors (current, emerging, and future), responding to a wide range of deployment and employment requirements, having the capability to incorporate existing and future analysis models, and providing data sharing and interoperability across all users, U.S. Department of Defense and civilian.
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Zainab, Begum, Tahreem Fatima Nisaa, Suzana, Harish Joshi Dr, Kausar Prof.Uzma, and Bawge Prof.Ashok. "Smart Sensors: A Comprehensive Survey of IoT Sensor Types and Applications." Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical Engineering 7, no. 2 (2025): 16–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15573961.
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<em>The Internet of Things (IoT) is a transformative technology, redefining modern life by embedding billions of sensors and actuators into everyday environments. This integration yields intelligent, connected scenarios where continuous data capture provides a comprehensive operational view. Widely recognized in academic research, sensors facilitate ubiquitous data acquisition and are pivotal for diverse IoT applications. This paper explores a wide range of IoT sensors and examines various sensor-driven applications that help form smart environments. By evaluating multiple sensor application areas, we identify optimal sensor configurations for distinct IoT scenarios, thereby laying a robust foundation for future advancements in this dynamic domain.</em>
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Wu, Ning, Chengyin Liu, Yukun Guo, and Jianhua Zhang. "On-Board Computing for Structural Health Monitoring with Smart Wireless Sensors by Modal Identification Using Hilbert-Huang Transform." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/509129.
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Smart wireless sensors have been recognized as a promising technology to overcome many inherent difficulties and limitations associated with traditional wired structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. Despite the advances in smart sensor technologies, on-board computing capability of smart sensors has been considered as one of the most difficult challenges in the application of the smart sensors in SHM. Taking the advantage of recent developments in microprocessor which provides powerful on-board computing functionality for smart sensors, this paper presents a new decentralized data processing approach for modal identification using the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) algorithm, which is based on signal decomposition technique. It is shown that this method is suitable for implementation in the intrinsically distributed computing environment found in wireless smart sensor networks (WSSNs). The HHT-based decentralized data processing is, then, programmed and implemented on the Crossbow IRIS mote sensor platform. The effectiveness of the proposed techniques is demonstrated through a set of numerical studies and experimental validations on an in-house cable-stayed bridge model in terms of the accuracy of identified dynamic properties.
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Dr., Mohan BR Sareena Sangeeta Vinutha Shradha kori. "SMART CITY AUTOMATION USING IOT." International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering 11, no. 5 (2024): 92–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10484938.
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from the prolong of smart cities necessitates advanced cities for efficient management of various urban aspects. This abstract introduces and integrated smart city management system that employes Arduino-based sensor networks to optimize several critical functionalities .the system encompasses automatic streetlight control, density-based traffic management and pollution tracking. Utilizing an array of sensors including LDR(light dependent resistor), IR(infrared) sensors for relays for control mechanisms, this comprehensive frame work aims to revolutionize urban operations. The automatic streetlight control system utilizes LDR sensors to regulate street lighting based on ambient light conditions, ensuring optimal energy usage. Density-based traffic control relies on IR sensors to monitor and manage traffic flow, adjusting signal timings as per real-time density variations. Pollution monitoring involves the various sensors to detectand measure environmental pollutants, aiding in implementing mitigation measures. Traffic signals are optimized through relay mechanisms for synchronized signaling and traffic flow control. This integrated smart city management system offers a scalable and adaptable solution for urban governance, enhancing operational efficiency, resource management and sustainability. under the assistance of Arduino-based sensor networks demonstrates a cost-effective and versatile approach to give information about the complex needs of modern urban environments.
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Sopruchi, Ariowachukwu Divine. "Air Quality Monitoring: Engineering Smart Sensors." Research Output Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 4, no. 1 (2025): 13–17. https://doi.org/10.59298/rojesr/2025/4.1.1317.
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Air quality monitoring plays a crucial role in safeguarding public health and environmental sustainability. The increasing levels of air pollution due to industrialization and urbanization have necessitated the development of advanced monitoring technologies. Smart sensors, equipped with Internet of Things (IoT) capabilities, offer real-time, cost-effective, and scalable solutions for detecting airborne pollutants. This paper examines the principles of sensor technology, including electrochemical and optical sensors, their integration with IoT, and the development of smart air monitoring systems. Applications of these sensors in urban, industrial, and remote settings are examined, highlighting their role in data-driven decision-making for air quality management. Challenges such as sensor calibration, standardization, and data security are also discussed. Finally, emerging trends, including artificial intelligence (AI) integration for predictive analysis, are reviewed, emphasizing the future of air quality monitoring systems in achieving sustainable environmental health. Keywords: Air quality monitoring, smart sensors, Internet of Things (IoT), electrochemical sensors, pollution detection, environmental sustainability.
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Naptsoksch, Bellatca. "Smart robot using in smart homes." Wasit Journal of Computer and Mathematics Science 1, no. 4 (2022): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/wjcm.84.
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the smart robot is an important part of the smart homes system, in this research the Arduino Vacuum Cleaner we built is very compact and practical for potential office and home use. The developed robot is disk-shaped, equipped with vacuuming and cleaning technology and controlled by Arduino nano.
 It sucks dirt via a retractable dustbin, using a fan within a motor. the device will be deployed for office and home use thereby making cleaning a fully autonomous duty. This robot will have ultrasonic sensors and an IR proximity sensor. The ultrasonic sensor will allow the robot to avoid obstacles so that it can move freely until the room is properly cleaned, and the proximity sensor will help it to avoid falling from stairs.
 One of the most important features of our floor cleaning robot is that it is fast and flexible in movement, able to deal with all dirt and stains on floors without human intervention.
 It is also characterized by the fact that it can be disassembled and installed with ease and simplicity, so that in the event of a malfunction, any malfunction will be repaired at the same time. It is also characterized by possessing sensors, so it can identify the .It is possible to develop this technique to become more used in various fields. Because we are in the world of technology development, it becomes very easy to develop such
 projects to benefit from them in daily life.
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Luo, Junzhe. "The Application and Development Trends of Embedded Temperature Sensors in Smart Homes." Applied and Computational Engineering 148, no. 1 (2025): 108–13. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.23362.
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The modern living environment has been significantly improved by smart home technologies, with a key role being played by embedded temperature sensors in ensuring comfort, energy efficiency, and safety. These sensors enable smart home systems to achieve real-time temperature monitoring and automatic control of indoor climate. Furthermore, temperature sensors are also crucial for optimizing HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems, energy management, and security monitoring functions. However, challenges such as sensor accuracy, power consumption, and data security still exist. This paper explores the technical foundation of temperature sensing in smart homes, focusing on sensor types, working principles, and data processing protocols. Through a literature review and comparative analysis, the performance of different temperature sensors in the smart home ecosystem, their integration strategies, and their influences on system efficiency are evaluated, along with the technical challenges and methods for effective implementation. The results demonstrate that AI-driven temperature control, low-power sensor design, and multi-sensor integration can greatly improve smart home automation. However, ensuring the stability of sensor performance under different environments and ensuring data security remain major obstacles. Tackling these challenges is crucial to further optimize smart home temperature sensing systems and make them more intelligent, efficient, and adaptable to user needs.
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Valentini, Federica, Andrea Calcaterra, Simonetta Antonaroli, and Maurizio Talamo. "Smart Portable Devices Suitable for Cultural Heritage: A Review." Sensors 18, no. 8 (2018): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082434.
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This article reviews recent portable sensor technologies to apply in the Cultural Heritage (CH) fields. The review has been prepared in the form of a retrospective description of the sensor’s history and technological evolution, having: new nanomaterials for transducers, miniaturized, portable and integrated sensors, the wireless transmission of the analytical signals, ICT_Information Communication Technology and IoT_Internet of Things to apply to the cultural heritage field. In addition, a new trend of movable tattoo sensors devices is discussed, referred to in situ analysis, which is especially important when scientists are in the presence of un-movable and un-tangible Cultural Heritage and Art Work objects. The new proposed portable contact sensors (directly applied to art work objects and surfaces) are non-invasive and non-destructive to the different materials and surfaces of which cultural heritage is composed.
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Vancea, A. P., and I. Orha. "Smart home automation and monitoring system." Carpathian Journal of Electronic and Computer Engineering 11, no. 1 (2018): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjece-2018-0007.
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Abstract Our project describes a system for the automation and monitoring of a smart house. The system consists of several sensors such as: temperature sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor and presence sensor. The data from sensors is processed and transmitted to the central module via Xbee-ZigBee or to a smartphone through the Bluetooth module. The central module connects at the Internet via WiFi and through an application we can remotely monitor the state of the house or control various devices within the enclosure.
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Martínez, Fernando, E. Tynan, M. Arregui, G. Obieta, and J. Aurrekoetxea. "Electroactive Pressure Sensors for Smart Structures." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.122.
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A hardware-software interface for smart electroactive pressure sensors has been designed with the objective of providing a low power consumption and high performance impact monitoring system, integrated in new smart structures. The interface is specifically designed for its use with distributed pressure sensors based on conductive polymers. Their low cost and flexibility make them suitable for placing on large surfaces. The smart sensor integrates a microprocessor, a radio chip and a complete analog front end based on a period-modulated oscillator. The software developed implements new interface applications for this hardware in TinyOS. The response of the sensor, both loading and unloading, to different impact energies first, and then to different probe stiffness is presented. The behaviour of the sensor to impact is also compared to the response in static, and the different factors affecting the sensor response in both conditions are described. Comparing and contrasting the sensor signal with that of an impact pendulum shows that the sensor is suitable for measuring impact in both flexible and rigid structures.
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Noureen Abbas, Umber, Umair Waqas, Dr Shafiq Hussain, and Dr Muhammad Amin Abid. "A Formal Model for Smart Living Room." Lahore Garrison University Research Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 6, no. 03 (2022): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgurjcsit.2022.0603277.
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we are living in an era full of technology and the most powerful feature behind this technology is the communication between two or more things. We achieved globalization with the power of digital computers and their ability to communicate. The next shape of computers for interactive remote processing is internet of things or wireless sensors network and for data storage it is cloud. These tiny computers with heterogeneous characteristics are very helpful in making environment smart and interactive in different ways. In this paper, we are proposing an Ambient Intelligence architecture for safety and energy efficiency using sensors, further we are formalizing the architecture for its accuracy and reliability. The three major sensors are smoke sensor for safety, glass break detector sensor for security, motion sensor for energy efficiency. In addition, the working of all sensors is also formalized for its correctness.
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Sahoo, Sushil Kumar, and Bibhuti Bhusan Choudhury. "Design and implementation of advanced sensor systems for smart robotic wheelchairs: A review." Management Science Letters 14, no. 3 (2024): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2024.1.002.
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Smart robotic wheelchairs have emerged as promising assistive devices to enhance mobility and independence for individuals with mobility impairments. The successful integration of advanced sensor systems plays a critical role in improving the functionality and safety of these wheelchairs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the design and implementation of advanced sensor systems for smart robotic wheelchairs. Through an extensive literature review, the limitations of existing sensor technologies are identified, and the potential of advanced sensors is explored. Vision-based sensors, range and proximity sensors, force and pressure sensors, inertial sensors, and environmental sensors are discussed in detail. Furthermore, this review highlights the design considerations, hardware components, software development, and calibration procedures involved in implementing advanced sensor systems. Evaluation and performance analysis metrics are discussed to assess the effectiveness of the sensor systems. The research findings indicate that advanced sensor systems have the potential to significantly enhance the functionality and safety of smart robotic wheelchairs. However, challenges such as sensor integration, data fusion, and user feedback must be addressed. This review paper concludes by discussing the implications of advanced sensor systems in improving wheelchair functionality and user experience, and proposes future directions for research in this domain.
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Parinduri, Ikhsan. "PROTOTYPE KARTU PINTAR KAMAR TIDUR MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR INFRARED DAN PHOTODIODA BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI 1, no. 1 (2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36294/jurti.v1i1.110.
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Abstract - Smart cards, physically, are plastic cards the size of a credit card that can be filled with data for various purposes. A number of smart card uses include electronic cash payments, attendance systems, train and bus ticket subscription cards, toll road payments, and others. Smart Card Design for bedrooms using photodiode sensors and Arduino Uno based infrared sensors have succeeded well according to the procedure. The work system of the bedroom smart card series is very useful for efficient use of electricity in the household. The working system of photodiode sensors and infrared sensors is very both in a series that functions as a light sensor Keywords - Smart Card, Arduino Uno
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Ferreira, Pedro M., Miguel A. Machado, Marta S. Carvalho, and Catarina Vidal. "Embedded Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: Methodologies and Applications Review." Sensors 22, no. 21 (2022): 8320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218320.
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Sensing Technology (ST) plays a key role in Structural Health-Monitoring (SHM) systems. ST focuses on developing sensors, sensory systems, or smart materials that monitor a wide variety of materials’ properties aiming to create smart structures and smart materials, using Embedded Sensors (ESs), and enabling continuous and permanent measurements of their structural integrity. The integration of ESs is limited to the processing technology used to embed the sensor due to its high-temperature sensitivity and the possibility of damage during its insertion into the structure. In addition, the technological process selection is dependent on the base material’s composition, which comprises either metallic or composite parts. The selection of smart sensors or the technology underlying them is fundamental to the monitoring mode. This paper presents a critical review of the fundaments and applications of sensing technologies for SHM systems employing ESs, focusing on their actual developments and innovation, as well as analysing the challenges that these technologies present, in order to build a path that allows for a connected world through distributed measurement systems.
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Nian, Qing, and Junyi Liu. "Motion Capture Based on Intelligent Sensor in Snow and Ice Sports." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (December 30, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7259991.
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With the development of motion capture technology, it has become a reality to efficiently and quickly obtain realistic human motion information. Motion capture technology has been successfully applied in many fields such as sports competitions, animation games, and film and television production. This article is aimed at studying the application of motion capture technology based on smart sensors in ice and snow sports. Put forward the idea of applying smart sensor-based motion capture technology to ice and snow sports. This article introduces in detail smart sensors, motion capture technology, and related content of ice and snow sports and conducts specific experiments on the application of smart sensor-based motion capture technology in ice and snow sports. The experimental results show that motion capture based on smart sensor technology can help athletes improve their skills and tactics. At the same time, motion capture technology based on smart sensors is also loved by most coaches and athletes, and everyone’s satisfaction with this technology has reached more than 70%.
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Murar, Mircea, and Stelian Brad. "Providing Configurability and Plug-and-Play Capability to Simple Sensors: A Step towards Smart Sensors for Smart Factories." Applied Mechanics and Materials 162 (March 2012): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.162.597.
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A modality to boost up the abilities of simple sensors for providing extended configurability options and plug-and-play capability along with great scalability, integrability, rapid customization and modularity is reported in this paper. An embedded architecture that requires both electronic and software designs is employed for expanding sensor capability. Self-integration, configuration, data computation from the sensor, analog-to-digital data conversion and data processing relative to configuration options are investigated. Based on the approach proposed, an embedded sensor-system, consisting of a network of microcontrollers and sensors capable to respond to configurability and fast integrability requirements, is built and tested within this research. Tests have shown the smart sensor-system is functional, feasible, cost-effective, easy-to-use and highly reconfigurable. Integration of such sensors within reconfigurable, autonomous and distributed manufacturing systems is thus possible.
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Bhawana Bharti, Indu Bharadwaj, and Ajay Bhardwaj Ajay Bhardwaj. "SMART KITCHEN USING IOT." Global Journal of Innovation and Emerging Technology 1, no. 2 (2023): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.58260/j.iet.2202.0110.
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The purpose of this paper is to highlight the many features of the Internet of Things and their relevance in the smart kitchens. By different technologies and their applications smart kitchens have been covered. Different types of appliances have been described, as well as their applications in the smart kitchen. In recent years, the number of kitchen-related issue has been increased in domestic kitchen as well as commercial kitchens. Integrating IoT technology can keep away from these types of situation, such as remote monitoring of the entire kitchen via applications, messages, Gmail, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi. Both hardware and software will be used for making smart kitchen. On the hardware part MQ2(Gas) sensor, Pressure sensors, DHT11 sensors, IR sensor is used in this. An integrated cloud application as well as a mobile app were used in software. For cloud data transfer, all of the sensors will be attached to an Arduino Uno board, and the software and coding will be handled by Porteous. By implementing the smart kitchen, it can be help people to make life easier in this busy world.
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Balakarim Huseynov, Tarana Zeynalova, Balakarim Huseynov, Tarana Zeynalova. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE "SMART HOUSE" CONTROL SYSTEM." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 10, no. 06 (2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei1006202180.
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The proposed system allows you to control the parameters of the house using a remote control system. Changes in temperature and humidity in the house are monitored by telephone. The entire lighting system of the house is controlled. If a gas leak or fire occurs in the house, an alarm is triggered and a notification is sent to the phone. If there is unauthorized access to the house, this is detected by a motion sensor and a notification is sent to the phone. Changes in the apartment, which is "under the control" of the system, can be monitored and managed in the "Serial Monitor" section. Selected optical sensors are sensors that capture an optical image and work by analyzing the darkest and brightest parts of the image using algorithms. The level of security increases depending on the sensor's sensing element, so the higher the sensor's resolution, the better the image details. The ultrasonic signal is transmitted to the finger located on the scanner. Due to the presence of pores and other details that are characteristic of each fingerprint, part of this signal is absorbed, and part is returned to the sensor. As a result, the sensor can recognize fingerprints. Password authorization. A password based door lock system is an access control system that allows only authorized persons to enter a restricted area. When an authorized person enters the user ID and password from the keyboard, the door opens and after a few minutes the door closes again. If the code is entered incorrectly three times in a row, the code lock will go into blocking mode. Keywords: "smart house", control system, temperature sensor, motion sensor, telediagnostics, telecontrol.
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Murayama, Hideaki, Kazuro Kageyama, Isamu Ohsawa, Makoto Kanai, Kiyhoshi Uzawa, and Tsuyoshi Matsuo. "Development of Smart Composite Panel with Optical Fiber Sensors." Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (November 2005): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.659.
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We have developed a novel fiber-optic vibration sensors and applied commercially available strain and temperature sensors to health monitoring of composite structures. In this study, we constructed an optical fiber network integrating four types of optical fiber sensor into a carbon reinforced plastic (CFRP) panel. These four sensors were the vibration sensor developed by our laboratory, two distributed sensors based on Brillouin and Raman backscattering and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors. By dealing the data obtained from the measurement systems corresponding to these four sensors, strain/stress and temperature distributions throughout the panel can be monitored. Vibration and elastic waves transmitting on the panel are also detected at several sensing points. Furthermore, we will be able to determine damage locations and modes by processing the wave signals. To make the panel with the optical fiber sensor network more sensitive and smarter, we are developing some techniques that can improve the performance of the sensors and can assess the structural integrity by analyzing measurement results. In this paper, the development of the first generation of our smart composite panel with the optical fiber sensors is described and the techniques making the panel more sensitive and smarter are also described.
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Saravanan, Harini, Joshitha M P, Kavya D, Kruthi M S, and Mr Anand M. "Smart Blind Stick using IOT." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (2023): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48591.
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Abstract: People suffering from certain permanent Accidental, paralyzing, or aging-related movement abilities frequently require assistance from others. In order to provide navigation assistance. We aim on integrating a smart blind stick with features like voice recognition technology to give voice commands and head- tilting which will control the motion of the blind stick. It also has some additional features such as fire sensors, water sensors, light sensors with buzzer alert and Ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection. The result of this design will allow the special people to live a life with less dependence on others.
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Dr., G. Sekar*1 &. Mr. S. Munaf 2. "SMART FIRE FIGHTING ROBOT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 9, no. 2 (2020): 108–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3692929.
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This paper aims to design a vehicle capable of detecting and extinguishing the fire. Various sensors such as smoke sensor, ultrasonic range finder and temperature sensors are installed on the vehicle to understand the environment. By implementing an autonomous firefighting vehicle disasters can be avoided with minimal risk to human life. In this paper, an autonomous vehicle which is capable of detecting fires in indoors and move towards the flame to extinguish it with the help of water and carbon dioxide is proposed.
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Ozgul, Ege, Wenxin Zeng, and Sameer Sonkusale. "Automated Fabrication of Smart Strain Sensing Threads." Micromachines 15, no. 10 (2024): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15101239.
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With favorable properties of stretchability, stitchability, and potential to be woven into a fabric, thread-based sensors have gained considerable interest for wearable devices for smart and connected health applications. To facilitate wearable applications, an easy and reliable way to fabricate these thread-based sensors with good performance and consistency is the key while manufacturing these smart threads. In this paper, we propose an automated thread-coating system that can fabricate thread-based strain sensors with controlled parameters. The platform uses integrated sensors for controlled manufacturing of the threads in a highly compact structure that consists of an innovative tension sensor and a closed-loop thermal management system. Using this new system, a sample thread with a gauge factor of 1.47 and tension sensitivity of 32.64 KΩ/N is prepared. Compared with hand-coated thread, the machine-fabricated thread shows much better sensitivity and consistency. The prepared strain sensor is made into a respiration sensor patch and a limb motion patch to demonstrate its application.
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Kim, Hyun Jun, Man Bok Park, and Meong Hyun Lee. "Journal of Knowledge Information Technology and Systems)." Korean Institute of Smart Media 12, no. 10 (2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30693/smj.2023.12.10.55.
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Innovation and change are occurring rapidly in the agriculture and livestock industry, and new technologies such as smart barns are being introduced, and data that can be used to control equipment is being collected by utilizing various sensors. However, there are various challenges in the operation of barns, and virtual sensor technology is needed to solve these challenges. In this paper, we define various data items and sensor data types used in livestock farms, study cases that utilize virtual sensors in other fields, and implement and design a virtual sensor system for the final smart livestock farm. MBE and EVRMSE were used to evaluate the finalized system and analyze performance indicators. As a result of collecting and managing data using virtual sensors, there was no obvious difference in data values from physical sensors, showing satisfactory results. By utilizing the virtual sensor system in smart livestock farms, innovation and efficiency improvement can be expected in various areas such as livestock operation and livestock health status monitoring. This paper proposes an innovative method of data collection and management by utilizing virtual sensor technology in the field of smart livestock, and has obtained important results in verifying its performance. As a future research task, we would like to explore the connection of digital livestock using virtual sensors.
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Stativko, R. W., and E. P. Kolomytseva. "DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHMS TO DETERMINE WHEN TO USE GENERIC MODELS OF THE SENSORS." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 22, no. 6 (2019): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2018-22-6-118-126.
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The aim of this work is to develop approaches to automate the process of installing sensors for monitoring "smart home". The article briefly describes the emergence of the smart home system and the further spread of this system in Russia. “Smart Home” is a home control system that provides automatic and well-coordinated operation of a whole complex of systems, in particular, lighting control, which requires the use of correct placement of sensors. Such a system can provide benefits for people with disabilities. The sensor layout will optimize energy consumption. The paper gives a brief description of the classic sensor sets for a smart home. A classic set for a smart home are: control center, cameras, modules in the socket, wall switches, control modules and various sensors. The classification of sensors according to various characteristics and the method of connection is given. The article focuses on the placement of motion and light sensors, which are often the basis of a “smart home” and are used to control various devices. This paper describes the classic smart home circuit and lists its main components. An algorithm is proposed for determining the need for using standard models of motion and illumination sensors and their quantitative ratio from the room analysis, namely: the type of room (residential, non-residential), the size of the room, the presence of window and door openings. The presented algorithm contains the following steps: preliminary analysis of the room in which it is necessary to install motion and light sensors, take into account the characteristics of the sensors. Brief results of testing are given. This work shows that it is quite possible to arrange a “smart home” complex in an individual residential structure.
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Yin, Yunlei, Cheng Guo, Hong Li, Hongying Yang, Fan Xiong, and Dongyi Chen. "The Progress of Research into Flexible Sensors in the Field of Smart Wearables." Sensors 22, no. 14 (2022): 5089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145089.
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In modern society, technology associated with smart sensors made from flexible materials is rapidly evolving. As a core component in the field of wearable smart devices (or ‘smart wearables’), flexible sensors have the advantages of excellent flexibility, ductility, free folding properties, and more. When choosing materials for the development of sensors, reduced weight, elasticity, and wearer’s convenience are considered as advantages, and are suitable for electronic skin, monitoring of health-related issues, biomedicine, human–computer interactions, and other fields of biotechnology. The idea behind wearable sensory devices is to enable their easy integration into everyday life. This review discusses the concepts of sensory mechanism, detected object, and contact form of flexible sensors, and expounds the preparation materials and their applicability. This is with the purpose of providing a reference for the further development of flexible sensors suitable for wearable devices.
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Mr., G. V. Vinod1 &. Mr. K. Sai Krishna2. "SMART HELMET." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 4 (2018): 270–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1218547.
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The impact when a motorcyclist involves in a high-speed accident without wearing a helmet is very dangerous and can cause fatality. Wearing a helmet can reduce shock from the impact and may save a life. There are many countries enforcing a regulation that requires the motorcycle's rider to wear a helmet when riding on their motorcycle, Malaysia is an example. A smart helmet is a special idea which makes motorcycle driving safer than before. This is implemented using GSM and GPS technology. The working of this smart helmet is very simple, vibration sensors are placed in different places of helmet where the probability of hitting is more which are connected to microcontroller board. So when the rider crashes and the helmet hit the ground, these sensors sense and gives to the microcontroller board, then controller extract GPS data using the GPS module that is interfaced to it. When the data exceeds minimum stress limit then GSM module automatically sends message to ambulance or family members. It also has an alcohol detector sensor which detects whether the person is drunk and switches off the engine if the sensor output is high.
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Pramoda, R., R. M. Preethi, V. Spoorthi, Y. M. Samarth, and S. Shashank. "Smart Agriculture Monitoring System using ML." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 4 (2020): 2404–7. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.D7916.049420.
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Agriculture plays vital role in every individual’s life. As the technology improves, agricultural sector has been improving by the needs of people. Basically, the idea here deals with monitoring of weather, temperature, soil moisture and other agriculture related aspects. The objective of this paper is to upgrade -growth probability. So by making use of Advance technologies good and efficient crop can be yield. Cloud (Firebase) is typically used to store the pre-computed data (data sets) and the data from the efficiency of agriculture sector. This idea comprises of Machine Learning techniques, Cloud Computation [5] and IoT. Here we will use machine learning techniques for predicting crop sensors and comparison between these. IoT includes NPK sensors, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor. The mechanism goes like this- initially the data from humidity, temperature sensor will be noted and NPK sensors will be placed in the soil, the values from the sensors will be sent to cloud by making use of any communication technology (ZigBee, IoT gateway devices). In cloud comparison of pre-computed data and data from sensors happens by making use of machine learning. The outcome from cloud may be stored in the server (Admin) or directly be notified to authorized person of the land in the form for notification. By taking all these parameters into consideration, we can predict the best suitable crop that can be grown and farmers will earn profit in a cost-effective manner.