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1
Joshi, Y. C., and A. Panchal. "Reddening map and recent star formation in the Magellanic Clouds based on OGLE IV Cepheids." Astronomy & Astrophysics 628 (August 2019): A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834574.
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Context. The reddening maps of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) are constructed using the Cepheid period–luminosity (P–L) relations. Aims. We examine reddening distribution across the LMC and SMC through large data sets on classical Cepheids provided by the OGLE Phase IV survey. We also investigate the age and spatio-temporal distributions of Cepheids to understand the recent star formation history in the LMC and SMC. Methods. The V and I band photometric data of 2476 fundamental mode (FU) and 1775 first overtone mode (FO) Cepheids in the LMC, and 2753 FU and 1793 FO Cepheids in the SMC were analysed for their P–L relations. We converted the period of FO Cepheids to the corresponding period of FU Cepheids before combining the two modes of Cepheids. Both galaxies were divided into small segments and combined FU and FO P–L diagrams were drawn in two bands for each segment. The reddening analysis was performed on 133 segments covering a total area of about 154.6 deg2 in the LMC and 136 segments covering a total area of about 31.3 deg2 in the SMC. By comparison with well-calibrated P–L relations of these two galaxies, we determined reddening E(V − I) in each segment and equivalent reddening E(B − V) assuming the normal extinction law. The period–age relations were used to derive the age of the Cepheids. Results. Reddening maps were constructed using reddening values in different segments across the LMC and SMC. We find clumpy structures in the reddening distributions of the LMC and SMC. From the reddening map of the LMC, highest reddening of E(V − I) = 0.466 mag is traced in the region centred at α ∼ 85.°13, δ ∼ −69.°34 which is in close vicinity of the star forming HII region 30 Doradus. In the SMC, maximum reddening of E(V − I) = 0.189 mag is detected in the region centred at α ∼ 12.°10, δ ∼ −73.°07. The mean reddening values in the LMC and SMC are estimated as E(V − I)LMC = 0.113 ± 0.060 mag, E(B − V)LMC = 0.091 ± 0.050 mag, E(V − I)SMC = 0.049 ± 0.070 mag, and E(B − V)SMC = 0.038 ± 0.053 mag. Conclusions. The LMC reddening map displays heterogeneous distribution having small reddening in the central region and higher reddening towards the eastern side of the LMC bar. The SMC has relatively small reddening in its peripheral regions but larger reddening towards the south-west region. In these galaxies, we see evidence of a common enhanced Cepheid population at around 200 Myr ago which appears to have occurred due to a close encounter between the two clouds.
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Ge, Xiangyu, Jingzhe Wang, Jianli Ding, Xiaoyi Cao, Zipeng Zhang, Jie Liu, and Xiaohang Li. "Combining UAV-based hyperspectral imagery and machine learning algorithms for soil moisture content monitoring." PeerJ 7 (May 3, 2019): e6926. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6926.
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Soil moisture content (SMC) is an important factor that affects agricultural development in arid regions. Compared with the space-borne remote sensing system, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been widely used because of its stronger controllability and higher resolution. It also provides a more convenient method for monitoring SMC than normal measurement methods that includes field sampling and oven-drying techniques. However, research based on UAV hyperspectral data has not yet formed a standard procedure in arid regions. Therefore, a universal processing scheme is required. We hypothesized that combining pretreatments of UAV hyperspectral imagery under optimal indices and a set of field observations within a machine learning framework will yield a highly accurate estimate of SMC. Optimal 2D spectral indices act as indispensable variables and allow us to characterize a model’s SMC performance and spatial distribution. For this purpose, we used hyperspectral imagery and a total of 70 topsoil samples (0–10 cm) from the farmland (2.5 × 104 m2) of Fukang City, Xinjiang Uygur AutonomousRegion, China. The random forest (RF) method and extreme learning machine (ELM) were used to estimate the SMC using six methods of pretreatments combined with four optimal spectral indices. The validation accuracy of the estimated method clearly increased compared with that of linear models. The combination of pretreatments and indices by our assessment effectively eliminated the interference and the noises. Comparing two machine learning algorithms showed that the RF models were superior to the ELM models, and the best model was PIR (R2val = 0.907, RMSEP = 1.477, and RPD = 3.396). The SMC map predicted via the best scheme was highly similar to the SMC map measured. We conclude that combining preprocessed spectral indices and machine learning algorithms allows estimation of SMC with high accuracy (R2val = 0.907) via UAV hyperspectral imagery on a regional scale. Ultimately, our program might improve management and conservation strategies for agroecosystem systems in arid regions.
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Caloi, V., A. Cassatella, V. Castellani, and G. Klare. "IUE observations of stars in NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 148 (1991): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900200740.
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Low resolution spectra from 1200 to 3300Å have been obtained, with the IUE satellite, for seven blue giants and supergiants in the young, metal-poor globular cluster NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). A further three spectra from the IUE archive have been added to the sample, covering a range of 2.5 mag. The effective temperatures and the local reddening in the SMC have been estimated, and the star positions in the theoretical HR diagram determined, and compared with theoretical predictions for massive star evolution. Substantial discrepancies have been found.
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Ellison, Alexandre, Erik Sörman, Björn Sundqvist, Björn Magnusson, Yu Yang, Jian Qiu Guo, Ouloide Goue, Balaji Raghothamachar, and Michael Dudley. "Mapping of Threading Screw Dislocations in 4H n-Type SiC Wafers." Materials Science Forum 858 (May 2016): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.858.376.
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X-ray topography shows that selective KOH etching after CVD growth of n-type epilayers on highly N doped 4H SiC substrates can be used to reliably map pure and mixed Threading Screw Dislocations (TSD). The influence of the mapping grid density and the wafer position in the crystal on the average TSD density are investigated. A reliable mapping of TSD contributed to the development of 100mm SiC wafers with average TSD density down to 200 cm-2.
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Julien, Matheau A., Peiyi Wang, Carolyn A. Haller, Jing Wen, and Elliot L. Chaikof. "Mechanical strain regulates syndecan-4 expression and shedding in smooth muscle cells through differential activation of MAP kinase signaling pathways." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, no. 1 (January 2007): C517—C525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00093.2006.
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Syndecan-4 (S4) belongs to a family of transmembrane proteoglycans, acts as a coreceptor for growth factor binding as well as cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions, and is induced in neointimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) after balloon catheter injury. We investigated S4 expression in SMCs in response to several force profiles and the role of MAP kinase signaling pathways in regulating these responses. S4 mRNA expression increased in response to 5% and 10% cyclic strain (4 h: 200 ± 34% and 182 ± 17%, respectively; P < 0.05) before returning to basal levels by 24 h. Notably, the SMC mechanosensor mechanism was reset after an initial 24-h “preconditioning” period, as evident by an increase in S4 gene expression following a change in cyclic stress from 10% to 20% (28 h: 181 ± 1%; P < 0.05). Mechanical stress induced a late decrease in cell-associated S4 protein levels (24 h: 70 ± 6%; P < 0.05), with an associated increase in S4 shedding (24 h: 537 ± 109%; P < 0.05). To examine the role of MAP kinases, cells were treated with U-0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor), SB-203580 (p38 inhibitor), or JNKI I (JNK/SAPK inhibitor). Late reduction in cell-associated S4 levels was attributed to ERK1/2 and p38 signaling. In contrast, accelerated S4 shedding required both ERK1/2 (5-fold reduction in accelerated shedding; P < 0.05) and JNK/SAPK (4-fold reduction; P < 0.05) signaling. Given the varied functions of S4, stress-induced effects on SMC S4 expression and shedding may represent an additional component of the proinflammatory, growth-stimulating pathways that are activated in response to changes in the mechanical microenvironment of the vascular wall.
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Chang, Joanne T., Jihyoun Jeon, Hutcha Sriplung, Seesai Yeesoonsang, Surichai Bilheem, Laura Rozek, Imjai Chitapanarux, et al. "Temporal Trends and Geographic Patterns of Lung Cancer Incidence by Histology in Thailand, 1990 to 2014." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): JGO.18.00013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.00013.
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Purpose Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and in Thailand. We characterize and forecast region-specific patterns of lung cancer incidence by histology and sex. Methods We analyzed lung cancer incidence trends in Thailand by histology (adenocarcinoma [AdC]; squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]; and large-cell, small-cell, and other carcinomas) from 1990 to 2014 in four cancer registries in three regions (north, Chiang Mai Province and Lampang Province; northeast: Khon Kaen Province; south: Songkhla Province). Annual percent change (APC) was calculated to quantify the incidence rate trends using joinpoint regression. Age-period-cohort models were used to examine the temporal trends of AdC and SCC by age, calendar year, and birth cohort. We projected the incidence of AdC and SCC up to 2030 using three independent approaches: joinpoint, age-period-cohort, and Nordpred models. Results AdC incidence significantly increased from 1990 to 2012 in Chiang Mai males (APC, 1.3%), Songkhla males from 2004 to 2014 (APC, 2.5%), Songkhla females from 1990 to 2014 (APC, 5.9%), and Khon Kaen females from 2005 to 2014 (APC, 3.1%). Conversely, SCC incidence significantly decreased from 1990 to 2012 in Chiang Mai males and females (APC, −1.2% and −4.8%, respectively), Lampang males and females from 1993 to 2014 (APC, −5.4% and −5.2%, respectively), and Songkhla females from 1990 to 2014 (APC, −2.1%). In general, trends of AdC and SCC correlated more with birth cohort than with calendar year. Three projection models suggested that incidence rates of AdC in Songkhla may continue to increase until 2030. Conclusion Temporal trends of lung cancer by histology varied among regions in Thailand. Reduction of lung cancer incidence in Thailand likely will require prevention strategies tailored to each specific region.
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Lim, Joongbin, Kyoung-Min Kim, and Kyoo-Seock Lee. "Does Deforestation Trigger Severe Flood Damage at Hoeryeong City in North Korea?" Forests 10, no. 9 (September 11, 2019): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090789.
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North Korea has suffered flood damage every year since 1995. It is assumed that this damage is linked to deforestation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of deforestation on the occurrence of floods in North Korea using spatial statistical techniques. The research was conducted at Hoeryeong City, which experienced disastrous flooding in 2016. A land-use change map was produced using two Landsat data sets from 1977 and 2016. The flood-damaged areas map, landform map, and the distance from the nearest stream map were also used in the spatial statistical analysis. In the deforestation zone, area of soil loss over 200 tons/yr increased by 14 km2 (16.6%), while that under 50 tons/yr decreased by 25 km2 (29.3%). In addition, the land-use change, runoff coefficient, and peak time runoff increased from 0.31 to 0.46, 56.3 mm/hr to 60.8 mm/hr, and 128.2 m3/sec to 206.6 m3/sec, respectively. Also, spatial statistical analysis results showed that land-use change was concluded to strongly affect the occurrence of floods. In conclusion, deforestation at Hoeryeong City contributed to severe flooding due to changes in land-use policy. The results of this study will help decision makers to establish the North Korean forest restoration policy and countermeasures against flood damage.
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Pedroza, Miguel A., Danila Amendola, Luana Maggi, Amaya Zalacain, Dante M. De Faveri, and Giorgia Spigno. "Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Dried Waste Grape Skins." International Journal of Food Engineering 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0009.
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Abstract Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was investigated for recovering of total phenolic compounds from dried waste grape skins using a domestic microwave oven. Influence of vessel geometry, irradiation cycles, irradiation power and time was investigated. The results in terms of phenolics yield, antioxidant capacity and energy consumption were compared with a reference solid–liquid extraction (SLE) carried out for 2 h at 60°C. Equivalent yield of total phenolics as in SLE was achieved with a MAE extraction time of 1,033 sec (corresponding to 83 sec of irradiation at 900 W, 83% saving in extraction time compared to SLE and with a 70% energetic efficiency). Pre-maceration of samples and solvent pre-heating are proposed for large-scale industrial processes to enhance phenolics extraction and process efficiency.
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Liu, Guoping, and Jerry Sun. "Share price response to the SEC administrative proceedings against Chinese auditors." Managerial Auditing Journal 34, no. 9 (October 7, 2019): 1131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-05-2018-1883.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examines whether clients’ share prices responded to three events, including the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) launch of administrative proceedings against five Chinese accounting firms on December 3, 2012, for their failure to hand over audit work papers due to conflict of jurisdiction; the issuance of SEC Administrative Law Judge Elliot’s ruling on January 22, 2014; and the settlement of the administrative proceedings on February 6, 2015. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the Schipper and Thompson approach. Findings It is found that share prices responded negatively around December 3, 2012, for USA-listed Chinese companies who were audited by Chinese auditors. Originality/value This study provides evidence on how share prices reacted to SEC enforcement actions against an affair of non-audit failure.
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Filmawati, Filmawati. "Improving Students’ Activities through the Implementation of Mind Map Script Type (SM2) at SMAN 1 Pulau Punjung." Al-Ta lim Journal 22, no. 3 (December 10, 2015): 286–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jt.v22i3.150.
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This research is motivated from the deficiency of student’s activity in the learning process. The outcome of religious learning process is still low. It shows under 75. By applying cooperative learning model Mind Map Script types, it is expected to be able to enhance students’ motivation through working group learning. This study used a qualitative approach to obtain data and analysis through reflective studies, participatory and collaborative. Mind Map Script is applied to increase learning activity and progress. This study was conducted in SMAN 1 Pulau Punjung with 2 cycles from the observation. Student activities increase from 54% to 75% in the second cycle. Meanwhile, students’ daily test showed an increasing from an average of 65 to 73 in first cycle, and 79 in second cycles. From the first and second cycle of this Classroom Action Research can be concluded that cooperative learning model Mind Map Script types enable to increase students’ activity and learning progress especially in Islamic education studies of grade X student of SMAN 1 PULAU PUNJUNG DHARMASRAYA District. Key word: activity and learning progress, cooperative model mind map script type (SM2)Copyright © 2015 by Al-Ta'lim All right reserved
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Sánchez, Manuel Martí, and Sara Fernández Gómiz. "Atenuación retrospectiva y reformuladores de distanciamiento como recursos suyos." Estrategias atenuantes en géneros discursivos del español 15, no. 2 (October 19, 2018): 198–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00011.mar.
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Abstracto Este artículo se organiza en dos partes. La primera es una introducción acerca de las propiedades fundamentales de la atenuación y su clasificación, que permitirá plantearse el problema de los límites de la atenuación. De acuerdo con la teoría de S. Fernández Gómiz (2017), la segunda parte analiza una atenuación poco atendida: la atenuación retrospectiva. En este análisis, se pone el foco en los reformuladores de distanciamiento, como recursos ligados a la atenuación retrospectiva y a la táctica de la autorreparación. Finalmente, esta base teórica se llevará a la descripción de un corpus de tuits compilado en 2015.
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Iles, Irina A., Anita Atwell Seate, and Leah Waks. "Eating disorder public service announcements." Health Education 116, no. 5 (August 1, 2016): 476–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-07-2015-0019.
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Purpose – Previous studies have documented that exposure to stereotypical information about certain social groups leads to unfavorable perceptions and feelings toward that group. Integrating insights from the mental illness stigma and the social identity perspective literatures, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of eating disorder public service announcements (ED PSAs) that employ stigma formats through the lenses of the stereotype content model (SCM) and the Behaviors from Intergroup Affect and Stereotypes (BIAS) Map. Design/methodology/approach – The study followed an experimental control group design. Participants were exposed to either a stigmatizing or a non-stigmatizing PSA. Findings – Exposure to the stigmatizing PSA resulted in lower perceptions of warmth and competence being attributed to people who have an ED which further predicted greater feelings of contempt toward these individuals. The stigmatizing PSA also directly predicted greater feelings of contempt. Practical implications – The findings suggest that using stereotypes about EDs in PSAs aimed at preventing such diseases may elicit perceptions of low warmth and competence, further associated with increased feelings of contempt toward people who have an ED in healthy individuals. Social implications – The stereotyping effects of PSAs may reduce the social and emotional support that people with EDs receive and may exacerbate their emotional distress. Originality/value – From a theoretical point of view, these results extend the understanding of mental illness stereotypes from an intergroup, SCM and BIAS Map perspective as it applies to EDs. More importantly, this study draws attention to possible unintended consequences of PSAs, a matter that is rarely researched, but that can have severe implications.
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Shaib, Walid Labib, Lana Khalil, Mehmet Akce, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Xingyu Gao, Maria Diab, Christina Wu, Olatunji B. Alese, and Bassel F. El-Rayes. "Survival outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.89.
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89 Background: The survival impact of multi-agent (MAC) as compared to single-agent (SAC) adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer (CC) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival outcome comparing MAC to SAC in this population utilizing the National Cancer DataBase (NCDB). Methods: Patients 70 years and older with pathological stage III CC were identified between 2004 and 2015 from the NCDB using ICD-O-3 morphology and topography codes: 8140-47, 8210-11, 8220-21, 8260-63, 8480-81, 8490, and C18.0-18.8 (without C18.1). Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted and Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the association between MAC vs. SAC and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 41,707 elderly patients (≥70 years old) with stage III CC were identified. Around half of the patients (n = 20,257; 48.5%) received AC; the majority of whom (n = 12,923, 63.8%) received MAC. The median age was 79 (range 70-90). Of the patients who received AC, the majority were female (n = 11,201, 55.3 %), Caucasians (87.4%) and had a moderately differentiated tumor grade (n = 12,619, 62.3%). Tumor size more than 4 cm was identified in 11,785 (58.2%) patients and 18,496 (91.3%) had negative surgical margins. Low-risk stage III CC constituted 50.6% (n = 10,264) of the study population. High-risk stage III CC was associated with worse OS compared to low-risk disease (p < 0.001). MAC was associated with better 5-year OS compared to SAC (p < 0.001). High-risk stage III patients who received MAC had an OS of 4.2 v. 3.4 years in SAC (p < 0.001). In low risk stage III, patients who received MAC had median OS of 8.5 v. 7 years in SAC (p < 0.001). In Univariate, male sex, positive surgical margin, insurance and facility types, age, year of diagnosistumor size, and Charlson-Deyo Score of > 2 were associated with worse OS (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Multi-agent AC is associated with better survival in stage III CC patients 70 years and older compared to SAC. Enhanced benefit of MAC was shown for both low risk and high risk stage III CC.
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Tanimoto, Satoshi, Kohei Matsui, Yusuke Zushi, Shinji Sato, Yoshinori Murakami, Masato Takamori, and Takashi Iseki. "Common Metal Die Attachment for SiC Power Devices Operated in an Extended Junction Temperature Range." Materials Science Forum 717-720 (May 2012): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.853.
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A new high-temperature die attachment system that is cost effective has been strongly desired for SiC power applications in electric vehicles and consumer electronics. This paper presents preliminary results for SiC/Zn-Al/Cu-SiN die attachments using eutectic Zn-Al solder (m.p. = 356°C), focusing on preparation and die-shear reliability. Superior wettability and reproducibility were achieved in the soldering process. It was found that the attachments were viable at least for short-term application in a temperature range up to 300°C. Reliability test results revealed that they could withstand storage for 1500 hours at 200°C and thermal cycle stress of 1500 cycles between –40°C and 200°C.
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Arsenault, Kristi, and Paul Houser. "Generating Observation-Based Snow Depletion Curves for Use in Snow Cover Data Assimilation." Geosciences 8, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8120484.
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Snow depletion curves (SDC) are functions that are used to show the relationship between snow covered area and snow depth or water equivalent. Previous snow cover data assimilation (DA) studies have used theoretical SDC models as observation operators to map snow depth to snow cover fraction (SCF). In this study, a new approach is introduced that uses snow water equivalent (SWE) observations and satellite-based SCF retrievals to derive SDC relationships for use in an Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to assimilate snow cover estimates. A histogram analysis is used to bin the SWE observations, which the corresponding SCF observations are then averaged within, helping to constrain the amount of data dispersion across different temporal and regional conditions. Logarithmic functions are linearly regressed with the binned average values, for two U.S. mountainous states: Colorado and Washington. The SDC-based logarithmic functions are used as EnKF observation operators, and the satellite-based SCF estimates are assimilated into a land surface model. Assimilating satellite-based SCF estimates with the observation-based SDC shows a reduction in SWE-related RMSE values compared to the model-based SDC functions. In addition, observation-based SDC functions were derived for different intra-annual and physiographic conditions, and landcover and elevation bands. Lower SWE-based RMSE values are also found with many of these categorical observation-based SDC EnKF experiments. All assimilation experiments perform better than the open-loop runs, except for the Washington region’s 2004–2005 snow season, which was a major drought year that was difficult to capture with the ensembles and observations.
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Wolf, Bernhard. "Luminous blue variable stars in the Magellanic Clouds." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 148 (1991): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900200569.
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The main characteristics of the luminous blue variables (LBVs) in the MCs with S Dor-type outbursts are reviewed. At quiescence they are luminous OB supergiants occupying an inclined instability strip in the HRD. The most luminous LBVs are the hottest ones. During outburst, dense envelopes are expelled of equivalent spectral-type middle A to early F. LBVs occupy at maximum a vertical strip in the HRD at a temperature of about 8000K. The observed amplitudes in the visual range increase from 1 mag (e.g. R71; T=14500K at quiescence) to 2.5 mag (e.g. R127; T=33000K at quiescence). The existence of an amplitude-luminosity relation is suggested which can be used to derive extragalactic distances, if calibrated with the LBVs of the LMC. Whereas four LBVs are known to be members of the LMC, none is known in the SMC. This could be a consequence of the lower metal abundance in this galaxy.
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Yue, Xiao-Le, Yong Xu, Wei Xu, and Jian-Qiao Sun. "Global Invariant Manifolds of Dynamical Systems with the Compatible Cell Mapping Method." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 29, no. 08 (July 2019): 1950105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127419501050.
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An iterative compatible cell mapping (CCM) method with the digraph theory is presented in this paper to compute the global invariant manifolds of dynamical systems with high precision and high efficiency. The accurate attractors and saddles can be simultaneously obtained. The simple cell mapping (SCM) method is first used to obtain the periodic solutions. The results obtained by the generalized cell mapping (GCM) method are treated as a database. The SCM and GCM are compatible in the sense that the SCM is a subset of the GCM. The depth-first search algorithm is utilized to find the coarse coverings of global stable and unstable manifolds based on this database. The digraph GCM method is used if the saddle-like periodic solutions cannot be obtained with the SCM method. By taking this coarse covering as a new cell state space, an efficient iterative procedure of the CCM method is proposed by combining sort, search and digraph algorithms. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the classical Hénon map with periodic or chaotic saddles is studied in far more depth than reported in the literature. Not only the global invariant manifolds, but also the attractors and saddles are computed. The computational efficiency can be improved by up to 200 times compared to the traditional GCM method.
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Martín-Butragueño, Pedro. "An approach to subject pronoun expression patterns in data from the “Project for the Sociolinguistic Study of Spanish in Spain and America”." Sociolinguistic patterns and processes of convergence and divergence in Spanish 17, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 294–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00060.mar.
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Abstract The objective of this article is to extract certain general consequences about social and linguistic-pragmatic conditions in the expression of subject personal pronouns (SPPs) in contemporary urban Spanish. The study examines some of the results obtained in Valencia and Granada, Spain; Mexico City, Mexico; San Juan, Puerto Rico; Caracas, Venezuela; Bogotá and Medellín, Colombia; and Montevideo, Uruguay. These works have all analyzed data from the “Project for the Sociolinguistic Study of Spanish in Spain and America” (PRESEEA), thus they all share data collected under very similar circumstances (Moreno Fernández 1996; Cestero Mancera 2012). The presence or the absence of pronominal subjects in Spanish is required in certain contexts, but in most cases they are considered optional. This optionality depends on fixed factors of linguistic nature (such as the grammatical person and number of the subject, or the co-reference between the subject and a previous element) and of social nature (such as age or gender), and on random factors (such as individuals and verbal pieces). The hypotheses to be tested are: (a) there is geographical variation among the cities studied, which is reflected in the rates of overt SPPs (Otheguy & Zentella 2012; Carvalho, Orozco & Shin 2015); (b) social variation is relatively small within each city; (c) the fixed and random linguistic-pragmatic variation is intense within each city and similar among cities; (d) the most relevant factors that activate overt SPPs are related to adequate information management of the anaphoric chains and textual coherence.
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van Raak, Jeroen, and Ulrike Thürheimer. "Opportunities to improve the measurement of audit quality: a call for collaboration between the profession and academics." Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 90, no. 9 (September 22, 2016): 352–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.90.31359.
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Audit research relies on a wide range of publicly available measures to examine which factors influence the quality of financial statement audits. While research to date has to rely largely on remote proxies due to a lack of access to proprietary data, there is considerable doubt about the validity of these proxies and the inferences drawn based on these proxies. In order to provide insight into the reliability of these measures, Rajgopal, Srinivasan & Zheng (2015) investigate whether commonly used proxies for audit quality (i.e. auditor size, abnormal audit fees, accrual quality, and the propensity to meet and beat analyst targets) are associated with deficiencies reported in SEC investigations and class-action lawsuits. Such alleged deficiencies reflect how external stakeholders assess audit performance. Their study indicates that the use of such proxies is highly problematic and that the performance of these measures, with the exception of auditor size, is poor.
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Babu, Arun, and Shashi Kumar. "PSInSAR Processing for Volcanic Ground Deformation Monitoring Over Fogo Island." Proceedings 24, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecg2019-06217.
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Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR) has been widely used in the precise measurement of ground deformation due to anthropogenic and natural disturbance of the earth’s surface. The present study has utilized the spaceborne C-band Sentinel-1 data for PSInSAR processing to generate a displacement map due to the volcanic eruption of Pico do Fogo volcano of the Fogo Island. An eruption was recorded in the year 2014–2015 and the Fogo volcano became active on 23 November 2014. It was observed that the intensity of the volcanic eruption during 2014–2015 had approached the intensity of the volcanic eruption of 1951, which was recorded as one of the strongest eruptions on the island. The volcanic eruption continued for 77 days and it stopped on 8 February 2015. To find the mean line-of-sight displacement from PSInSAR processing, a total of seven Single Look Complex (SLC) products of Sentinel-1 data in the interferometric mode were used. The SLC product of the SAR data that was acquired before the start of the volcanic eruption was chosen as the master image and all the remaining six slave images were precisely coregistered. The selection of Persistent Scatterers (PSs) is the most important step in PSInSAR processing. The initial set of PSs was identified by amplitude stability index and phase analysis was performed to estimate the phase stability of each resolution cell. After PS identification, 3D phase unwrapping was performed. The unwrapping step involved the low-pass filtering of the complex phase difference and time series in the frequency domain using a Gaussian window. The phase difference between each filtered data point was then calculated. The unwrapped phase of the interferogram was used to generate a displacement map for the volcanic field. The PSInSAR-based line-of-sight displacement was measured in the range of −34 mm to +35 mm and the standard deviation of the displacement ranged from +2 mm to +30 mm.
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Larsen, Jens Christian. "Bistability theorem in a cancer model." International Journal of Biomathematics 11, no. 01 (January 2018): 1850004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524518500043.
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In this paper, I continue the study of the mathematical models presented in [J. C. Larsen, Models of cancer growth, J. Appl. Math. Comput. 53(1–2) (2015) 613–645] and [J. C. Larsen, The bistability theorem in a model of metastatic cancer, to appear in Appl. Math.]. I shall prove the bistability theorem for the ODE model from [Larsen, 2015]. It is a mass action kinetic system in the variables [Formula: see text] cancer, GF growth factor and GI growth inhibitor. This theorem says that for some values of the parameters, there exist two positive singular points [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] of the vector field. Here [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is stable and [Formula: see text] is unstable, see Sec. 2. There is also a discrete model in [Larsen, 2015], it is a linear map ([Formula: see text]) on three-dimensional Euclidean vector space with variables [Formula: see text] where these variables have the same meaning as in the ODE model above. In [Larsen, 2015], I showed that one can sometimes find affine vector fields on three-dimensional Euclidean vector space whose time one map is [Formula: see text]. I shall also show this in the present paper in a more general setting than in [Larsen, 2015]. This enables me to find an expression for the rate of change of cancer growth on the coordinate hyperplane [Formula: see text] in Euclidean vector space. I also present an ODE model of cancer metastasis with variables [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is primary cancer and [Formula: see text] is metastatic cancer and GF, GI are growth factors and growth inhibitors, respectively.
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Mohd Rashidi, Che Beson, S. A. Aljunid, F. Ghani, H. A. Fadhil, and M. S. Anuar. "Alleviation Interference Scheme Analysis Using Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) Code for SAC-OCDMA Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.931.
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This paper presents a new Alleviation Interference Scheme (AIS) for Spectral Amplitude Coding (SAC) - Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) coding approaches. The AIS SAC-OCDMA systems is demonstrated by utilizing the Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) code. The FCC code has advantages, such as flexible cross-correlation property at any given number of users and weights, as well as effectively reduces the impacts of phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) and multiple-access interference (MAI). The results indicated good performance whereas the FCC code offers 100%, 207% and 471% percentage larger number of active users compared to MDW W=4, Hadamard and MFH W=8 codes, respectively. Finally, the FCC code has low receive power Psr = -18 dBm which is expected to be more significant for future SAC-OCDMA coding systems.
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Mody, Kabir, Rami Manochakian, Daniel H. Ahn, Ali Roberts, Rebecca Nagy, Richard B. Lanman, and Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi. "A landscape of circulating tumor DNA in esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 4070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.4070.
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4070 Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options. Genomic analyses have led to the elucidation of numerous dysregulated genes in esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and the potential for advancement of targeted therapies in this disease. Data regarding circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) plasma analysis in EC in real-world clinical practice is limited. Methods: We performed ctDNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis in patients (pts) with EC (January 2015- February 2018). ctDNA analysis was performed using Guardant 360 (Guardant Health, CA) which detects single nucleotide variants and insertion/deletion mutations, and specific amplifications and fusions, in up to 73 different genes. The mutant allele fraction (MAF) for detected alterations was calculated relative to wild type in ctDNA. Therapeutic relevance was defined as alterations within OncoKB levels 1-3B and R1. Results: Among 450 pts, 487 total samples were analyzed (77% AC, 31% SCC). ctDNA NGS revealed at least one genomic alteration (excluding variants of uncertain significance and synonymous mutations) in 81% of pts (90% AC, 88% SCC). Median number of alterations per AC patient was 4 [range, 1-59] and a median MAF of 0.84% (range, 0.02% - 83.7%); SCC was 5 [range, 1-26], with a median MAF of 0.99% (range, 0.01% - 85.2%). The total number of unique alterations was 1,162. The most commonly altered genes in AC: TP53 (70%), KRAS (20%), ERBB2 (18%), EGFR (16%), PIK3CA (16%); in SCC: TP53 (88%), PIK3CA (24%), CCND1 (23%), KRAS (21%), EGFR 15%). Therapeutically relevant alterations will be described. Conclusions: ctDNA plasma profiling of pts with EC is a feasible alternative and non-invasive method to gather comprehensive genomic data. Further large comparison studies to assess landscape of genomic alterations observed through ctDNA versus tissue-based assays, in addition to studies of targeted therapy outcomes based on ctDNA-detected alterations, are needed.
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Pang, Changlee Seo, Janet D. Brown, Charles Edgar Ganote, and George Anthony Youngberg. "A Mass of the Right Lacrimal Sac in a 53-Year-Old Man." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 129, no. 11 (November 1, 2005): 1493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2005-129-1493-amotrl.
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Bodensteiner, J., H. Sana, L. Mahy, L. R. Patrick, A. de Koter, S. E. de Mink, C. J. Evans, et al. "The young massive SMC cluster NGC 330 seen by MUSE." Astronomy & Astrophysics 634 (February 2020): A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936743.
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Context. A majority of massive stars are part of binary systems, a large fraction of which will inevitably interact during their lives. Binary-interaction products (BiPs), that is, stars affected by such interaction, are expected to be commonly present in stellar populations. BiPs are thus a crucial ingredient in the understanding of stellar evolution. Aims. We aim to identify and characterize a statistically significant sample of BiPs by studying clusters of 10 − 40 Myr, an age at which binary population models predict the abundance of BiPs to be highest. One example of such a cluster is NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud. Methods. Using MUSE WFM-AO observations of NGC 330, we resolved the dense cluster core for the first time and were able to extract spectra of its entire massive star population. We developed an automated spectral classification scheme based on the equivalent widths of spectral lines in the red part of the spectrum. Results. We characterize the massive star content of the core of NGC 330, which contains more than 200 B stars, 2 O stars, 6 A-type supergiants, and 11 red supergiants. We find a lower limit on the Be star fraction of 32 ± 3% in the whole sample. It increases to at least 46 ± 10% when we only consider stars brighter than V = 17 mag. We estimate an age of the cluster core between 35 and 40 Myr and a total cluster mass of 88−18+17 × 103 M⊙. Conclusions. We find that the population in the cluster core is different than the population in the outskirts: while the stellar content in the core appears to be older than the stars in the outskirts, the Be star fraction and the observed binary fraction are significantly higher. Furthermore, we detect several BiP candidates that will be subject of future studies.
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Sloan, Luke. "Who Tweets in the United Kingdom? Profiling the Twitter Population Using the British Social Attitudes Survey 2015." Social Media + Society 3, no. 1 (January 2017): 205630511769898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305117698981.
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The headache any researcher faces while using Twitter data for social scientific analysis is that we do not know who tweets. In this article, we report on results from the British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) 2015 on Twitter use. We focus on associations between using Twitter and three demographic characteristics—age, sex, and class (defined here as National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification [NS-SEC]). In addition to this, we compare findings from BSA 2015, treated as ground truth (known characteristics), with previous attempts to map the demographic nature of UK Twitter users using computational methods resulting in demographic proxies. Where appropriate, the datasets are compared with UK Census 2011 data to illustrate that Twitter users are not representative of the wider population. We find that there are a disproportionate number of male Twitter users, in relation to both the Census 2011 and previous proxy estimates; that Twitter users are predominantly young, but there are more older users than previously estimated; and that there are strong class effects associated with Twitter use.
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Kojima, Ikuho, Takashi Nishioka, Maya Sakamoto, Yuko Sai, Yushi Ezoe, Masahiro Iikubo, Hiroyuki Kumamoto, and Tetsu Takahashi. "Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia-Associated Simple Bone Cyst Showing Marked Irregular Border and High Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value." Case Reports in Dentistry 2020 (September 22, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8854428.
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A simple bone cyst (SBC) is an intrabone cavity without epithelial lining, which occasionally occur with fibrous-osseous lesions. The imaging finding of the scalloped border and conserving the lamina dura, periodontal ligament spaces, or follicular spaces are considered radiographically pathognomonic of SBC. SBC has been reported to occur with fibrous-osseous lesions, including cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). Computed tomography (CT) imaging findings are sparse, and there are no reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value calculated by diffusion-weighted MRI for the florid COD-associated SBC. We report a case of a 39-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital because a panoramic radiograph of her right mandible showed asymptomatic radiolucency in the apical molar area. CT images showed a low-density lesion in the periapical areas of the right mandible, which accompanied a well-defined, high-density lesion, and a mixed low/high-density lesion with an unusual marked irregular border in the left mandible. The MRI showed cyst-like extremely hyperintense signals on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images at the right mandibular low-density and the left mandibular mixed low/high-density areas. ADC map showed high values (over 2.5×10−3 mm2/s) at the cystic areas in the bilateral mandible. We performed incisional biopsies of the bilateral mandibular lesions and resections of the bilateral maxillary lesions. Surgical and histopathological findings established a diagnosis of florid COD in the bilateral mandible and maxilla, simultaneously complicated by multiple SBCs in the bilateral mandible. The ADC value of cystic component is useful for the diagnosis, if the COD-associated SBC exhibits solitary, nonspecific, or rare imaging findings.
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Xiao, Xiang, Wei Li, and Jianbing Jiang. "Sulfur-Biological Carbon for Long-Life Room-Temperature Sodium-Sulfur Battery." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 14, no. 4 (August 1, 2020): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2020.1982.
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Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries are gaining much attention particularly in large-scale energy storage due to high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, low conductivity and volume expansion of sulfur, as well as severe shuttle effect of soluble sodium polysulfides largely hamper their practical applications. Herein, we report an architecture of sulfur embedded in biological carbon (SBC) as cathode for RT-Na/S batteries. The SBC with N, P co-doping biological carbon and hierarchically porous structure afford fast electron and ion transportation, as well as good mechanical limitation of volume expansion and shuttle effect, therefore achieving excellent cyclic stability (544.7 mAh · g–1 at current density of 200 mA · g –1 after 984 cycles).
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Tongyoo, Surat, Chawanee Chayakul, Siwanat Kanoknatsiwattana, and Chairat Permpikul. "Albumin Versus Gelatin Solution for the Treatment of Refractory Septic Shock: A Patient Baseline-Matched-Cohort Study." Siriraj Medical Journal 72, no. 6 (May 27, 2020): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.2020.61.
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Objective: Although albumin solution is the colloid of choice to resuscitate septic shock patients who do not respond to crystalloid solutions, its usage is limited by its cost. Gelatin solution, is less expensive, but its efficacy has not yet been identified. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of gelatin and albumin solutions for septic shock resuscitation.Methods: This baseline-matched-cohort study, enrolled septic shock patients who had a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) below 65 mmHg after receiving at least 30 mL per kilogram of crystalloid resuscitation fluid, and who required either an albumin or gelatin solution as fluid therapy. The primary outcome was the 28-day mortality.Results: In all, 224 patients who were administered either an albumin or gelatin solution were examined. After adjusting for differences in their baseline characteristics, 206 patients were included (104 receiving albumin, and 102 given gelatin). A comparison of the albumin and gelatin groups revealed no significant baseline differences in their respective mean APACHE II scores (22.8±8.5vs.23.2±8.1), MAPs (55.1±8.0vs.54.6±9.1mmHg), and lactate levels (5.6±4.7vs.6.3±4.9mmol/L). The 28-day mortality rates were 27.9% and 38.2% for the albumin and gelatin groups, respectively, with adjusted p=0.02. Moreover, the accumulation of fluid intake over output at 72 hours was significantly lower for the albumin than the gelatin group (5,964.5±4,959.7 vs. 8,133.2±3,743.2 ml; p=0.01). The RRT rate was higher for the albumin group (30.8% vs. 15.7%; p=0.01).Conclusion: Albumin resuscitation associated with lower 28-day mortality than gelatin resuscitation. The patients in the albumin group had a higher RRT rate and a lower fluid accumulation as at 72 hours.
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Hama, Adel Amen, Noor Faris Hoobi, and Sara Emad Majeed. "Comparison between Rocuronium and Atracurium Effect on Blood Pressure during General Anaesthesia in Baghdad Hospital." Journal of Techniques 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v3i1.251.
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This study was aimed to assess the blood pressure influence of rocuronium drug under general anesthesia and compares it with atracurium drug. The study recruited 50 adult patients, divided in to two groups the rocuronium drug groups which included 25 patients and atracurium drug group which included 25 patients, age ranged from (18-60 years) of both sexes who were (ASAI and ASAII) patients undergoing (elective surgeries) in Baghdad education hospital during the period from (October 2019 to March 2020). Anesthesia was induced with using I.V. propofol drug (1.5-2.5 mg/kg), ketamine drug (0.5 mg/kg) or (2-3 mg/kg) propofol drug. For the endotreacheal tube, and facility of intubation injection muscle relaxation the rocuronium drug (0.6 mg/kg) or atracurium drug (0.5 mg/kg), for maintenance rocuronium drug (0.1-0.2 mg/kg). 60 sec. was used after administration of the relaxant, attempt of intubation. Next intubation, lungs were mechanically ventilated, monitored, blood pressure recorded and MAP after five minutes and every five minute for 15 minutes. The resulting P-value of MAP in Rocuronium drug groups and Atracuruim drug group at pre-operative was 0.811 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). While at induction it was 0.309 which was also non-significant (P> 0.05). After 1min it was 0.574 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). After 5min it was 0.321 which was non-significant. After 10 min it was 0.954 which was non-significant (P> 0.05). The blood pressure effected from rocuronium drug and atracurium drug are different under general anesthesia. The Atracurium drugs has less marked change in MAP. In healthy patients it maybe not be of importance, nevertheless it could be nonessential in patients with preexisting cerebral, cardiac diseases, hypertension or the elderly, but Rocuronium drug has a marked change in MAP. This could be cautiously in the patients with preexisting cardiac or cerebral pathology or elderly or hypertension. In conclusions the MAP was increased at induction of rocuronium drug and was decreased at induction of atracurium drug in this study.
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Pakvisal, Piyapoom, Anapat Sanpavat, and Piyawat Komolmit. "A man with history of heavy alcoholic drinking." Thai Journal of Hepatology 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30856/th.jhep2019vol2iss1_08.
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A 33-year-old Thai man presented with fever and jaundice for 10 days. He had history of significant alcohol intake. Physical examination revealed tender hepatomegaly and signs of chronic liver stigmata. Laboratory results showed: TB 17.5 mg/dL; DB 13.1 mg/dL; AST 230 IU/L; ALT 77 IU/L; ALP 332 IU/L; albumin 2.5 g/dL; globulin 3.9 g/dL; PT 13.4 sec. Serum immunologic test were negative for HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV. The histological result from liver biopsy was compatible with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Maddrey’s discriminant function was 79. Prednisolone 40 mg/day was prescribed. The clinical and liver function tests gradually improved after treatment.
Figure 1 พยาธิสภาพของชิ้นเนื้อตับ
(A) ย้อม H&E (20x) พบ Macrovesicular steatosis, Ballooning hepatocyte & Mallory-Denk bodies (วงกลมสีแดง), Lobular inflammation with neutrophilic infiltrate (วงกลมสีดำ), Canalicular cholestasis (ลูกศร)
(B) ย้อม H&E (40x) พบ Ballooning hepatocytes และ Mallory-Denk bodies (ลูกศร)
(C) ย้อม Masson’s trichrome พบ Fibrosis stage 4
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Keshava, Shiva, Jagan Sundaram, Anuradha Rajulapati, Charles T. Esmon, Usha R. Pendurthi, and L. Vijaya Mohan Rao. "Factor VIIa Interaction with Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor: Its Role in Hemostatic Effect of rFVIIa in Treating Hemophilia." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.562.562.
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Abstract Recent studies from our laboratory and others established that clotting factor FVII/FVIIa, which binds tissue factor and triggers the coagulation cascade, also binds endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR), a receptor that plays a critical role in protein C/activated protein C (APC)-mediated anticoagulation pathway. We postulated that FVIIa binding to EPCR might augment the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in therapeutic conditions by down-regulating the EPCR-mediated anticoagulation pathway. Our recent studies showing the blockade of endogenous protein C binding to EPCR by administration of EPCR blocking antibodies augmented the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in a mouse hemophilia model provided an indirect support to this hypothesis. However, studies from other investigators raised a possibility that FVIIa interaction with EPCR may influence the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in vivo through EPCR-FVIIa directly activating FX or EPCR tethering FVIIa to provide an extended locale of procoagulant reactions on the endothelium. The present study is carried out to investigate the mechanism by which FVIIa interaction with EPCR contributes to the hemostatic effect of FVIIa in hemophilia therapy. The study employed wild-type, transgenic mice expressing no EPCR (EPCR-/-) or overexpressing EPCR (Tie2-EPCR). FVIII mAb (1 mg/kg) were given to mice to induce hemophilia. The saphenous vein incision bleeding model was used to evaluate the hemostatic effect of human rFVIIa. In this model, bleeding is induced by a sharp incision to the saphenous vein and the bleeding from the cut was monitored for 30 min. After each hemostasis incident, the clot was disrupted gently to reinitiate a new bleeding episode and average time to achieve hemostasis (ATH) was calculated. First, we investigated the role of EPCR in hemostasis by comparing the bleeding episodes in unchallenged wild-type, EPCR-/- and Tie2-EPCR mice following the saphenous vein incision. In this model, control wild-type mice had a median ATH of 55 sec (mean 63 ± 7 sec; n=9) and EPCR-/- mice had a median ATH of 67 sec (mean 74 ± 6 sec; n =12). The difference between them is not statistically significant. Surprisingly, the median ATH in EPCR overexpressing Tie2-EPCR mice was significantly lower (a median ATH of 43 sec; mean 46 ± 2 sec; n=10) compared to the ATH in wild-type or EPCR-/- mice. The reason for a shorter ATH observed in EPCR overexpressing mice is unknown at present. Analysis of blood count showed no significant differences among wild-type, EPCR-/- and Tie2-EPCR in their platelet count, RBC, and other blood cell count. Next, we induced acquired hemophilia condition in wild-type, EPCR-/- and Tie2-EPCR by injecting FVIII mAb (1 mg/kg) i.v. 2 h before inducing the bleeding. Administration of FVIII mAb markedly prolonged the bleeding time in wild-type and Tie2-EPCR mice (between 300 to 1800 sec) with a median ATH of 600 sec (mean 730 ± 277 sec) in wild-type mice and 750 sec (mean 939 ± 200 sec) in Tie2-EPCR mice. Interestingly, EPCR-/- mice were protected from the antibody-induced acquired hemophilia. Administration of FVIII mAb prolonged the bleeding time only marginally in this group of mice to a median ATH of 120 sec (mean 163 ± 38 sec). Administration of a low dose of rFVIIa (0.25 mg/kg) fully corrected the mild bleeding defect in EPCR-/- acquired hemophilia mice (median ATH of 67 sec; mean 86 ± 17 sec). Administration of 0.25 mg/kg rFVIIa is corrected the bleeding disorder only partially in wild-type acquired hemophilia mice (median ATH 164 sec; mean 303 ± 94 sec; n=5). Administration of either 1 or 4 mg/kg of rFVIIa was required to correct the bleeding in these mice (1 mg/kg dose: median ATH of 75 sec, mean 74 ± 1 sec; 4 mg/kg dose: median ATH of 37 sec; mean 40 ± 2 sec, n=5). In Tie2-EPCR hemophilia mice, administration of 1 mg/kg rFVIIa was not sufficient to fully achieve the hemostatic effect (median ATH 164 sec; mean 521 ± 237 sec; n=6). Administration of 4 mg/kg rFVIIa was required to restore the hemostasis in these mice (median ATH of 90 sec; mean 94 ± 7 sec, n= 6). In summary, the present data indicate that EPCR levels influence the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in treating antibody-induced hemophilia. The present study rules out the possibility of direct activation of FX by FVIIa-EPCR complexes or EPCR tethering of FVIIa as probable mechanisms by which EPCR-FVIIa influences the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bates, Homer L., Bobby E. Waldrup, and Vincent Shea. "The Effect Of International Financial Reporting Standards Convergence On U. S. Accounting Curriculum." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 4, no. 7 (June 22, 2011): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v4i7.4673.
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Major changes are coming to U.S. financial accounting and accounting education as U. S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and international financial reporting standards (IFRS) converge within the next few years. In 2008, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) published a proposed road map for the potential convergence of U. S. companies to IFRS beginning with large filers for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2014. On February 24, 2010, the SEC issued a new timeline which would require IFRS for U.S. reporting in 2015 or 2016 at the earliest (Derstine and Bremser, 2010). Obviously, this change to IFRS requires an adjustment in U. S. accounting education. The primary purpose of this paper is to examine the current state of accounting curricula and IFRS. An examination was made of both required and elective international accounting courses offered to students in the top 20 undergraduate, graduate and doctoral programs. These programs were identified by the Public Accounting Report in its October 31, 2009 issue. It was conjectured that the top programs would take the lead in IFRS education. The universities online websites and catalogues were examined for program requirements and course titles. The results show a paucity of accounting coursework related to international accounting and IFRS.
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Hough, Susan E., Alan Yong, Jean Robert Altidor, Dieuseul Anglade, Doug Given, and Saint-Louis Mildor. "Site Characterization and Site Response in Port-au-Prince, Haiti." Earthquake Spectra 27, no. 1_suppl1 (October 2011): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3637947.
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Waveform analysis of aftershocks of the Mw7.0 Haiti earthquake of 12 January 2010 reveals amplification of ground motions at sites within the Cul de Sac valley in which Port-au-Prince is situated. Relative to ground motions recorded at a hard-rock reference site, peak acceleration values are amplified by a factor of approximately 1.8 at sites on low-lying Mio-Pliocene deposits in central Port-au-Prince and by a factor of approximately 2.5–3 on a steep foothill ridge in the southern Port-au-Prince metropolitan region. The observed amplitude, predominant periods, variability, and polarization of amplification are consistent with predicted topographic amplification by a steep, narrow ridge. A swath of unusually high damage in this region corresponds with the extent of the ridge where high weak-motion amplifications are observed. We use ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) imagery to map local geomorphology, including characterization of both near-surface and of small-scale topographic structures that correspond to zones of inferred amplification.
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Ryaboy, Vladislav. "Upper mantle structure along a profile from Oslo (NORESS) to Helsinki to Leningrad, based on explosion seismology." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 80, no. 6B (December 1, 1990): 2194–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa08006b2194.
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Abstract Waveforms from the NORESS array were analyzed for 147 industrial explosions during the 1985 to 1988 period, along a profile running east from Oslo (NORESS) to Helsinki to Leningrad (OHL profile). The events were 250 to 1300 km from NORESS and had local magnitude in the range 2.0 to 3.5. Event locations and origin times constrained by the University of Helsinki's regional seismic network provide a reliable basis for travel-time estimation at NORESS. We also used data recorded by NORSAR in 1979 for three shots on the FENNOLORA north-south, long-range seismic profile, which were near the OHL profile. Analysis of mantle P-wave signals from the explosions showed that first arrivals could be traced continuously to a distance of 750 to 800 km, where there is a cutoff and shift of approximately 2.0 to 2.5 sec in the travel-time curve and an increase in average apparent velocity. Interpretation of the observed travel times and waveforms for this profile suggests a low-velocity zone from approximately 105 to 135 km depth. Combined analysis of the seismic data with a Bouguer gravity map indicates the presence in the upper mantle of a high-velocity, high-density body of linear extent approximately from 200 to 300 to 500 to 600 km east of the NORESS array. It is postulated that this body may represent the root of an ancient volcanic system, in which lighter, silicic constituents were depleted from the upper mantle during the eruptive phase.
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Zhang, Yi, Kai Hu, Yunlei Zhou, Yingbin Xia, Nengfei Yu, Guanglei Wu, Yusong Zhu, Yuping Wu, and Haibo Huang. "A Facile, One-Step Synthesis of Silicon/Silicon Carbide/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite as a Cycling-Stable Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries." Nanomaterials 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9111624.
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Silicon/carbon nanotube (Si/CNTs) nanocomposite is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Challenges related to the tricky synthesis process, as well as the weak interaction between Si and CNTs, hinder practical applications. To address these issues, a facile, one-step method to synthesize Si/CNTs nanocomposite by using silica (SiO2) as a reactant via a magnesium reduction process was developed. In this synthesis, the heat released enables the as-obtained Si to react with CNTs in the interfacial region to form silicon carbide (SiC). By virtue of the unique structure composed of Si nanoparticles strongly anchored to conductive CNTs network with stable Si–C chemical bonding, the Si/SiC/CNT nanocomposite delivers a stable capacity of ~1100 mAh g−1 and a capacity retention of about 83.8% after 200 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1. Our studies may provide a convenient strategy for the preparation of the Si/C anode of LIBs.
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Mohammadi, Ayub, Sadra Karimzadeh, Khalil Valizadeh Kamran, and Masashi Matsuoka. "Extraction of Land Information, Future Landscape Changes and Seismic Hazard Assessment: A Case Study of Tabriz, Iran." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 8, 2020): 7010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247010.
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Exact land cover inventory data should be extracted for future landscape prediction and seismic hazard assessment. This paper presents a comprehensive study towards the sustainable development of Tabriz City (NW Iran) including land cover change detection, future potential landscape, seismic hazard assessment and municipal performance evaluation. Landsat data using maximum likelihood (ML) and Markov chain algorithms were used to evaluate changes in land cover in the study area. The urbanization pattern taking place in the city was also studied via synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data of Sentinel-1 ground range detected (GRD) and single look complex (SLC). The age of buildings was extracted by using built-up areas of all classified maps. The logistic regression (LR) model was used for creating a seismic hazard assessment map. From the results, it can be concluded that the land cover (especially built-up areas) has seen considerable changes from 1989 to 2020. The overall accuracy (OA) values of the produced maps for the years 1989, 2005, 2011 and 2020 are 96%, 96%, 93% and 94%, respectively. The future potential landscape of the city showed that the land cover prediction by using the Markov chain model provided a promising finding. Four images of 1989, 2005, 2011 and 2020, were employed for built-up areas’ land information trends, from which it was indicated that most of the built-up areas had been constructed before 2011. The seismic hazard assessment map indicated that municipal zones of 1 and 9 were the least susceptible areas to an earthquake; conversely, municipal zones of 4, 6, 7 and 8 were located in the most susceptible regions to an earthquake in the future. More findings showed that municipal zones 1 and 4 demonstrated the best and worst performance among all zones, respectively.
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Harjoto, Maretno Agus, Indrarini Laksmana, and Robert Lee. "The impact of demographic characteristics of CEOs and directors on audit fees and audit delay." Managerial Auditing Journal 30, no. 8/9 (October 5, 2015): 963–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-01-2015-1147.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of gender and ethnicity of CEO and audit committee members (directors) on audit fees and audit delay in the US firms. Design/methodology/approach – Audit-related corporate governance literature has extensively examined the determinants of audit fees and audit delay by focusing on board characteristics, specifically board independence, diligence and expertise. The authors provide empirical evidence that gender and ethnicity diversity in corporate leadership and boardrooms influence a firm’s audit fees and audit delay. Findings – This study finds that firms with female and ethnic minority CEOs pay significantly higher audit fees than those with male Caucasian CEOs. The authors also find that firms with a higher percentage of ethnic minority directors on their audit committee pay significantly higher audit fees. Further, the authors find that firms with female CEOs have shorter audit delay than firms with male CEOs and firms with a higher percentage of female and ethnic minority directors on their audit committee are associated with shorter audit delay. Results indicate that female CEOs and both female and ethnic minority directors are sensitive to the market pressure to avoid audit delay. Research limitations/implications – The results suggest that gender and ethnic diversity could improve audit quality and the firms’ overall financial reporting quality. Practical implications – This study provides insights to regulators and policy-makers interested in increasing diversity within a firm’s board and top executives. Recently, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the European Commission have been pressing publicly traded companies to improve diversity among their directors. This study provides evidence and perspective on how diversity can enhance financial reporting quality measured by audit fees and audit delay. Originality/value – Previous studies have not given much attention on the impact of racial ethnicity in addition to gender characteristics of top executives and audit committee directors on audit fees and audit delay.
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Kingman, P. W. "Characterizing Inhomogeneous Deformation Substructure in Large Single Crystals by Microscopy and XRD - A Synergystic Analysis." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 372–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002198x.
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Characterization of deformed crystals containing extensive inhomogeneities and localized lattice reorientations presents a formidable challenge, particularly when the available sample volume is limited and/or irregular in configuration. The crystals analyzed in this work were originally high-symmetry single crystal tungsten rods, 6.9 mm in diameter and 102 mm long, which had been ballistically launched against steel blocks. At ordnance velocities (1.5 km/sec), the rods evert as they penetrate the block, resulting in a cylindrical cavity partially lined with a hollow tube of tungsten, with a slug resting at the bottom. These tungsten residuals contained many localizations, fractures, and assemblages of discrete sub-entities, typically 100-200 microns in size, within a macroscopic flow pattern extending over many millimeters. The measured cavity depths displayed a strong crystallographic symmetry dependence. Because the post-event samples, which were either blocks containing polished axial sections through the cavity or loose ejecta, were both massive and frangible, area-resolved X-ray diffraction, utilizing a fine-beam Laue technique with a precision specimen translator to permit correlation with micrographs, was used to map and characterize the lattice sub-structure.
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Majumder, Kaberi, and Anisul Moula. "A Case of Heterotopic Pregnancy." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2015): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22888.
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We are presenting a case report of heterotopic pregnancy, which is diagnosed during ultrasound examination of a gravid woman, 23 year old, referred from outpatient department. Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare obstetrics phenomenon and carries a significant natural morbidity and mortality due to risk of rupture of the ectopic pregnancy. Clinicians and sonographers may fall into a false sense of security when an intrauterine gestational sac is identified. This results in inadequate inspection of the adnexae and remaining structures during ultrasonography despite a strong initial clinical suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. Hence, a thorough ultrasonographic examination is needed in managing these patients, especially when there is a high suspicion of ectopic pregnancy or in the presence of pelvic free fluid even when an intrauterine pregnancy is identified. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22888 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 64-66
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Laurikainen, E., H. Salo, R. Buta, and J. H. Knapen. "Overview of the Near-IR S0 Galaxy Survey (NIRS0S)." Advances in Astronomy 2011 (2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/516739.
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An overview of the results of the near-IR S0 galaxy survey (NIRS0S) is presented. NIRS0S is a magnitude- (mB⩽12.5 mag) and inclination- (<65∘) limited sample of ̃200 nearby galaxies, mainly S0s, but includes also Sa and E galaxies. It uses deepKs-band images, typically reaching a surface brightness of 23.5 mag arcsec−2. Detailed visual and photometric classifications were made, for the first time coding also the lenses in a systematic manner. As a comparison sample, a similar sized spiral galaxy sample with similar image quality was used. Based on our analysis, the Hubble sequence was revisited: following the early idea by van den Bergh we suggested that the S0s are spread throughout the Hubble sequence in parallel tuning forks as spirals (S0a, S0b, S0c, etc.). This is evidenced by our improved bulge-to-total (B/T) flux ratios in the S0s, reaching small values typical to late-type spirals. The properties of bulges and disks in S0s were found to be similar to those in spirals and, also, the masses and scale parameters of the bulges and disks to be coupled. It was estimated that the spiral bulges brighter than −20 mag inK-band are massive enough to be converted into the bulges of S0s merely by star formation. Bars were found to be fairly robust both in S0s and spirals, but, inspite of that, bars might evolve significantly within the Hubble sequence.
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Nsambana Bonkako, Juslain. "LE SALAIRE MINIMUM INTERPROFESSIONNEL GARANTI SOUS LA CONSTITUTION DU 18 FEVRIER 2006. CADRE JURIDIQUE ET PROBLEMES D’APPLICATION EFFECTIVE EN RD CONGO." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 7, no. 2 (2020): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2020-2-299.
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Le décret n°18/017 du 22 mai 2018 portant fixation du nouveau SMIG a fixé celui-ci à 7.075CDF, représentant 5USD au moment de la prise de décision. Ce décret, qui aurait pour vocation de remplacer, en l’abrogeant (sic), l’ordonnance n°80/040 du 30 avril 2008 ayant fixé le SMIG à 1.680CDF, tire son fondement légal de l’article 87 du code du travail congolais de 2002 qui reconnait cette compétence au Président de la République. Dans cette étude, la réflexion est orientée à trois niveaux : il est d’abord question de ressortir, à la lumière de la lecture des articles 87 du code du travail de 2002 et 204, point 17 de la constitution de la RDC du 18 février 2006, l’autorité compétente en matière de fixation du SMIG, ce qui permet de tirer les conséquences du décret n°18/017 du 22 mai 2018, précité ; ensuite, présenter le champ d’application du SMIG où il importe de préciser notamment entre rémunération et salaire, lequel sert d’élément de comparaison au SMIG, quels types et catégories de salariés sont-ils concernés par son application ; enfin, l’approche empirique consistant à aborder des problèmes pratiques que suscite l’application du SMIG entre employeurs et travailleurs.
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Stecher, T. P. "The Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope for Astro 1." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 123 (1990): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100077186.
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AbstractThe Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) is a 38-cm Ritchey-Chretien telescope with 2 arc-sec resolution and a 40 arc-min field of view. There are two magnetically-focused image intensifiers which record on film. One has a Cs-I photocathode and 6 filters, the other has a Cs-Te cathode with 5 filters and an objective grating. The film transports contain 1000 frames each of IIa-O film. The point source threshold is m (2200 Å) = 22.0 in a 30 min integration through the widest filter. For extended sources the corresponding mag is 26.0/sq. arc-sec. The UIT complements the instruments on the Hubble Space Telescope in that its field of view is ~ 200 times that of the Wide Field Camera, it has extremely good visible light rejection and is more sensitive to diffuse structures in the UV. The UIT is well-suited to locating interesting UV targets for HST follow-up and the study of large regions such as nearby galaxies and clusters.Astro 1 will point the co-aligned UV instruments at ~ 200 targets during its 10 day mission. The UIT science team’s primary scientific programs include: The search and survey of the UV sky; SN1987A for the UV light echo; The helium burning and collapsing degenerate stars in star clusters; The structure of highly ionized regions in planetary nebulae and supernova remnants; The physics of massive star formation in spiral structure of galaxies; The interstellar medium of other galaxies; A search for active nuclei in ‘ normal ’ galaxies; The very faint regions surrounding galaxies that are produced by interactions, mergers, ejection, or accretion flows; The study of stellar populations of galaxies and galactic evolution, ages and chemical content of galaxies, and the study of large samples of galaxies in nearby clusters for comparison with objects at large lookback times.
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Shao, Zhengyi. "Inclination Dependent Luminosity Function of Spiral Galaxies." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S235 (August 2006): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921306005837.
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We study the inclination dependent luminosity function (LF) of spiral galaxies of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Up to 60000 sample galaxies are selected from the 2nd data release of SDSS by fracdeVr < 0.5. Magnitudes and other related photometric parameters are taken from NYU-VAGC(Blanton et al.2005). The apparent axis ratio (b/a)is used as an observational inclination indicator to define sub-samples. LFs of all 5 SDSS bands (u, g, r, i, z) are drawn for different sub-samples. Significant correlation is found between characteristic magnitudes (M*) of sub-samples and their inclinations, which can be fairly explained by dust extinction. A linear fit of the relation between M* and log(b/a) measures the M*(0) (for expected face-on spirals, with 0.2 ~ 0.3 mag brighter than that of LF of whole sample) and the intensity of dust extinction γ, for each band (Figure 1(a)). Additionally, since γ ∝ τ (optical depth), the wavelength dependent γ describes the extinction curve. Figure 1(b) shows a good linear fit that implies the extinction curve obeys the power law very well, with τλ = τV(λ/5500Å)−0.97±0.07. The power index n ~ 1 is shallower than that of the MW, LMC and SMC (n=1.1~1.5), but significantly steeper than the value of Charlot et al. (2000) (n=0.7), which under the assumption of a patchy distribution of dust in spiral galaxies. So our result implies that dust distributed in spirals, on average, are not as patchy as Charlot et al. assumed.
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Thiradathanapattaradecha, Thanapon, Roungsan Chaisricharoen, and Thongchai Yooyativong. "Competitiveness Evaluation Techniques for Cosmeceuticals E-Commerce Platform." ECTI Transactions on Computer and Information Technology (ECTI-CIT) 12, no. 2 (March 5, 2019): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-cit.2018122.131873.
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Currently, the popularity of cosmeceuticals e-commerce is continuously increasing. A competition level among entrepreneurs is higher precisely, especially in the e-commerce platform. As a result, this situation causes to strengthen the competitiveness of several businesses. However, an evaluation of business operation planning which directly associates with the competitiveness of entrepreneurs is still the main issue. Therefore, this study proposes the methodology to define the cosmeceuticals e-commerce competitiveness through SWOT analysis, useful clustering methods including Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and K-means clustering, and Normalized Weight of Criteria for competitiveness criteria evaluation. The SWOT analysis is a reliable algorithm, which can adequately be used to evaluate the business performance with valid questionnaires. It provides the grouped attributes as 4 groups including Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats. Moreover, the appropriated factors result from the previous step will be clustered by SOM and K-means clustering for better data interpretation. SOM calculated 203 instances into 3 clusters; Low, High, No Class with 18 sec for execution time and 94.98% for accuracy. Meanwhile, K-means clustered previous dataset into 2 groups; high performance business and low performance business with 91.33% accuracy. In addition, the clustered data will be specified by Normalized Weight of Criteria for most influential criteria of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats factors to accomplish the high Competitiveness level of entrepreneurs. The results from this analysis can definitely help cosmeceuticals entrepreneurs to enhance the business strategy and advanced planning.
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Xiao, Yonggui, Shengmei He, Jun Yan, Yong Zhang, Yelun Zhang, Yunpeng Wu, Xianchun Xia, Jichun Tian, Wanquan Ji, and Zhonghu He. "Molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci for kernel morphology traits in a non-1BL.1RS×1BL.1RS wheat cross." Crop and Pasture Science 62, no. 8 (2011): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp11037.
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The improvement of kernel morphology traits is an important goal in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding programs because of their close relationship with grain yield and milling quality. The aim of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for kernel morphology traits using 240 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between the non-1BL.1RS translocation cv. PH 82-2 and the 1BL.1RS translocation cv. Neixiang 188, grown in six environments in China. Inclusive composite interval mapping identified 71 main-effect QTL on 16 chromosomes for seven kernel morphology traits measured by digital imaging, viz. kernel length, width, perimeter, area, shape factor, factor form-density and width/length ratio. Each of these loci explained from 2.6 to 28.2% of the phenotypic variation. Eight QTL clusters conferring the largest effects on kernel weight and kernel morphology traits were detected on chromosomes 1BL.1RS (2), 2A, 4A, 4B, 6B, 6D and 7A. Fourteen epistatic QTL were identified for all kernel morphology traits except kernel width/length ratio, involving 24 main-effect QTL distributed on 13 chromosomes, and explaining 2.5–8.3% of the phenotypic variance. Five loci, viz. Sec-1 on 1BL.1RS, Glu-B1 on 1BL, Xcfe53 on 2A, Xwmc238 on 4B, and Xbarc174 on 7A, were detected consistently across environments, and their linked DNA markers may be used for marker-assisted selection in breeding for improved wheat kernel traits and grain yield.
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Kupfer, Thomas, Thomas A. Prince, Jan van Roestel, Eric C. Bellm, Lars Bildsten, Michael W. Coughlin, Andrew J. Drake, et al. "Year 1 of the ZTF high-cadence Galactic plane survey: strategy, goals, and early results on new single-mode hot subdwarf B-star pulsatos." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 1 (May 12, 2021): 1254–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1344.
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ABSTRACT We present the goals, strategy, and first results of the high-cadence Galactic plane survey using the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). The goal of the survey is to unveil the Galactic population of short-period variable stars, including short-period binaries, and stellar pulsators with periods less than a few hours. Between 2018 June and 2019 January, we observed 64 ZTF fields resulting in 2990 deg2 of high stellar density in the ZTF-r band along the Galactic plane. Each field was observed continuously for 1.5 to 6 h with a cadence of 40 sec. Most fields have between 200 and 400 observations obtained over 2–3 continuous nights. As part of this survey, we extract a total of ≈230 million individual objects with at least 80 epochs obtained during the high-cadence Galactic plane survey reaching an average depth of ZTF–r ≈ 20.5 mag. For four selected fields with 2–10 million individual objects per field, we calculate different variability statistics and find that ≈1–2 per cent of the objects are astrophysically variable over the observed period. We present a progress report on recent discoveries, including a new class of compact pulsators, the first members of a new class of Roche lobe filling hot subdwarf binaries as well as new ultracompact double white dwarfs and flaring stars. Finally, we present a sample of 12 new single-mode hot subdwarf B-star pulsators with pulsation amplitudes between ZTF–r = 20–76 mmag and pulsation periods between P = 5.8–16 min with a strong cluster of systems with periods ≈6 min. All of the data have now been released in either ZTF Data Release 3 or Data Release 4.
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Schlegel, Eric M., Koji Mukai, and M. Ishida. "ASCA Observations of the Eclipsing IP XY Ari." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 163 (1997): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100044031.
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AbstractWe describe the ASCA observation of the eclipsing intermediate polar (IP) XY Ari (=H0253+19). This system was first discussed by Patterson & Halpern (1990, ApJ, 361, 173) as a possible IP based upon the HEAO-1 data. This system is impossible to study in the optical or ultraviolet because of the 12 mag of optical extinction associated with the molecular cloud Lynds 1457=MBM 12. The system has an orbital period of 0.2526 day and a pulse period of 208 sec. Our preliminary analysis of the ASCA data shows that the eclipse is nearly total (the precision of the background subtraction sets the limit). The eclipse ingress and egress occur very quickly, although we have not yet derived accurate numbers. There are sufficient photons that we can perform crude phase-resolved spectroscopy. The resulting spectra, each covering about 1/4 of the orbit, show that the Fe Kα line is not constant as a function of phase. A sample spectrum is reproduced below. We expect to submit a paper describing the results to the ApJ before the end of 1996.
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Tsay, Wean-Shun, Alfred Bing-Chih Chen, Kuang-Hsiang Chang, and Huan-Hsin Li. "The NCU Lu-Lin Observatory." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 183 (2001): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100079124.
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AbstractThe NCU (National Central University) Lu-Lin observatory is located at Mt. Front Lu-Lin, 120°52′25”E and 23°28′07” N, a 2862-m peak in the Yu-Shan National Park. The construction of Lu-Lin observatory was finished on January 14, 1999. The initial assessment of Lu-Lin site started in 1989, after which a three-year project was founded by the National Science Council (NSC) to support a modern seeing monitoring program. The average seeing at Lu-Lin is about 1.39 arc-second with an average of 200 clear nights annually. The sky background is 20.72 mag/arcsec2 in V band and 21.22 mag/arcsec2 in B band.The Lu-Lin observatory is for both research and education. A homemade 76-cm Super Light Telescope (SLT) and four TAOS 50-cm robotic telescopes for a survey on Kuiper Belt Objects will be the two major research facilities. The pilot program for SLT consists of observations of time-varying astrophysical phenomena. The TAOS #1 telescope was installed at Lu-Lin in March 2000. A 90 KW/240 VAC power line and a water pipe system have been pulled to the site in early 2001. A wireless Network system through A-Li Shan has been operating at Lu-Lin observatory while a faster wireless Network system with 11.5 Mbit/sec bandwidth is under consideration and may be available in the near future for remote observing.
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Taylor, Ronald P., Paul V. Beum, P. Todd Stukenberg, Andrew W. Pawluczkowycz, Margaret A. Lindorfer, Frank J. Beurskens, Paul W. H. I. Parren, and Jan G. J. van de Winkel. "Complement (C) Activation Followed by Penetration of the Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) on B Cells Opsonized with CD20 Mabs Allows for Calcium Influx Which Induces Streamers. Generalization of Streaming to Include other Mabs and Target Cells." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1577.1577.
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Abstract We recently reported (J. Immunology, 2008) that C activation by ofatumumab- or rituximab-opsonized Daudi B cells and by ofatumumab-opsonized CLL cells induces rapid (less than 2 min) generation of long, thin structures (3 3 cell diameters) protruding from cell surfaces, which we call streamers. Of note, ofatumumab induced more rapid killing and streaming on Daudi cells than rituximab. In contrast to rituximab, ofatumumab also promoted streamer formation and killing of ARH77 cells and primary B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Streamers, whose constituents include membrane lipids, actin, and deposited C3b fragments, appear on cells before they are killed, and can be visualized by fluorescence and light microscopy, as well as by spinning disk confocal microscopy. We have since confirmed that C-induced streamers are also generated for several mAb/substrate cell systems including: alemtuzumab/Wien 133 cells; alemtuzumab/CLL cells; HuMax-CD38/Daudi cells; and anti-HLA DR/DP/DQ/Daudi cells. However, several mAb/cell substrate systems, such as cetuximab/SCC-25 cells and trastuzumab/BT-474 cells, which do not trigger substantial C activation or C-mediated killing, failed to produce streamers. Furthermore, robust C activation (C3b deposition) followed by insertion of the MAC, a lytic pore-forming agent, are essential for generation of streamers, and streamers are not observed in C9-deficient serum. Results also demonstrated that reaction of Daudi cells in media with either mellitin, another pore-forming agent, or with calcium ionophore A23187 induces substantial streaming, but streaming mediated by both reagents is almost completely abrogated in the presence of EDTA. We therefore hypothesized that initial penetration of cells by the MAC before the cell is killed allows rapid influx of calcium, and it is calcium influx that represents the most proximate cause of streaming. Influx of calcium promoted by other stimuli has previously been reported to generate nanotubules (Simon and Watkins, Immunity, 2005), which have structures similar to streamers and which may play a role in intercellular communication. Therefore, to test our hypothesis for the generation of streamers, ofatumumab-opsonized Daudi cells were reacted at 37°C with C5-deficient normal human serum (NHS) for periods varying between 30 seconds and 1 hour. Flow cytometry confirmed that this first step promotes deposition of C3b on the cells, but not killing. This paradigm allows for activation of the remainder of the C pathway in a subsequent step, which does not require metal ions. Therefore, in a second step, cells were washed and reacted with NHS-EDTA for 15 minutes at 37°C to provide the remaining C components. Brief initial incubation with C5-deficient NHS was shown to allow for maximum deposition of activated C3b and cell lysis in step two, whereas cells opsonized for 1 hour in the first step were not killed upon reaction with NHS-EDTA indicating that, at longer times, deposited C3b degrades to inactive fragments iC3b and C3dg. The majority (60%) of cells reacted for just 2 minutes in the first opsonization step with C5-depleted serum were killed upon addition of NHS-EDTA; however, streaming was observed to be substantially inhibited (310-fold). These results provide strong support for the hypothesis that calcium influx induces formation and release of streamers observed with C activation or C-mediated killing in mAb/substrate cell systems.