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1

WALLACE, MATTHEW S. "Morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of the treehopper tribe Smiliini (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Smiliinae), with reinstatement of the tribe Telamonini." Zootaxa 3047, no. 1 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3047.1.1.

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Members of the Smiliini, the nominotypical tribe of the large New World subfamily Smiliinae, are predominately Nearctic in distribution. This tribe included 169 mostly tree-feeding species in 23 genera. A parsimony-based phylogenetic analysis of an original dataset comprising 89 traditional and newly discovered morphological characters for 69 species, including representatives of 22 of the 23 described genera of Smiliini and five other previously recognized tribes of the subfamily, resulted in a single most parsimonious tree with three major clades. The broad recent concept of Smiliini (includ
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Wallace, Matthew S. "Morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of the treehopper tribe Smiliini (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Smiliinae), with reinstatement of the tribe Telamonini." Zootaxa 3047 (December 31, 2011): 1–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.205221.

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Wallace, Matthew S. (2011): Morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of the treehopper tribe Smiliini (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Smiliinae), with reinstatement of the tribe Telamonini. Zootaxa 3047: 1-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205221
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3

McKamey, Stuart. "A new genus, Smilirhexia, of Smiliini (Hemiptera, Membracidae) from Costa Rica." ZooKeys 3, no. 3 (2008): 51–55. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.3.29.

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A new genus and species, <em>Smilirhexia naranja</em>, is described from Central America, the southern limit of the tribe Smiliini, and represents a strong divergence from the morphology of the oak-feeding genera prevalent in North America.
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McKamey, Stuart H. "The identity of three South American "smiliine" treehoppers (Hemiptera, Membracidae) and related taxonomic changes, including description of a new genus in Thuridini." ZooKeys 678 (June 6, 2017): 65–72. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.678.10340.

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Based on examination of holotypes or interpretation of original descriptions, four taxonomic changes are proposed for South American species erroneously placed in the tribe Smiliini: Flynnia, gen. n. (Thuridini) and F. fascipennis (Funkhouser), comb. n. from Bolivia; Antianthe atromarginata (Goding), comb. n. from Ecuador; Amastris pilosa (Funkhouser), comb. n. from Peru; and Thelia planeflava Fairmaire from Brazil to Polyglyptini incertae sedis, new placement.
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McKamey, Stuart. "A new genus, Smilirhexia, of Smiliini (Hemiptera, Membracidae) from Costa Rica." ZooKeys 3 (September 16, 2008): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.3.29.

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6

DEITZ, LEWIS L., and MATTHEW S. WALLACE. "Richness of the Nearctic Treehopper Fauna (Hemiptera: Aetalionidae and Membracidae)." Zootaxa 3423, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3423.1.1.

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The indigenous Nearctic treehopper fauna includes 2 families, 6 subfamilies, 20 tribes, 68–72 genera, and 276–280 de-scribed species, of which 1 tribe, 16 genera, and 195 species are endemic. This work provides an alphabetical checklist ofthe species (with distributions as documented in the literature) as well as discussions and two tables summarizing the tax-onomic and regional diversity of this rich, distinctive fauna. The tribes Smiliini and Telamonini (Membracidae: Smilii-nae), which include many specialists on oaks (Quercus spp.), are the two most species-rich tribes. Maps of the Nearctic
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7

Ifeakandu, Arinze. "Smiling Days." Ploughshares 48, no. 2 (2022): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2022.0092.

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Hollis, Helen, and Karen Juggins. "Keep smiling!" Dental Nursing 17, no. 8 (2021): 400–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2021.17.8.400.

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9

Westgarth, David. "Smiling faces." BDJ In Practice 34, no. 10 (2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41404-021-0914-1.

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10

Wright, Stephen. "Who’s smiling?" Nursing Standard 24, no. 24 (2010): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.24.24.s31.

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11

Holloway, Robin, Schillings, Beate Bilandzija, et al. "Smiling through." Musical Times 137, no. 1846 (1996): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1004267.

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12

Ramia, M. S. "Smiling Toothless." Annals of Family Medicine 13, no. 3 (2015): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.1778.

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13

Jiang, Yang. "Smiling eyes." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 5, no. 12 (2001): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01815-5.

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14

STEVENSON, K. L. "Smiling odontoid." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 71, no. 5 (2001): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.71.5.706.

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15

Falkenberg, Irina, Mathias Bartels, and Barbara Wild. "Keep smiling!" European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 258, no. 4 (2008): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-007-0792-5.

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16

Sweeney, Cameron Young. "Smiling eyes." JAAPA 36, no. 3 (2023): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jaa.0000918784.57066.4f.

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17

Wang, Shiwei. "Sarcastic Meaning of the Slightly Smiling Face Emoji from Chinese Twitter Users: When A Smiling Face Does Not Show Friendliness." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 8, no. 2 (2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2022.8.2.324.

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In most cultures, the Slightly Smiling Face (smiley) icon indicates friendliness and niceness. However, this SSF symbol in emoji may also indicate a negative meaning of sarcasm and irony to some Chinese social media users. This research analyses the sentiment reflected in the use of the SSF emoji as used by Chinese users on Twitter and applies quantitative methods to investigate the linguistic and social constraints of the SSF emoji's negative variable from 2016 to 2020. Results show that positive or negative emotional expression of SSF emoji is highly dependent on the content of the sentence
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18

Gedo Sea, Johannes, Muh Altin Massinai, Sabrianto Aswad, and Yusuf Surachman Djajadihardja. "DIFRAKSI DAN EFEK SMILING PADA DATA SEISMIK." JURNAL GEOCELEBES 1, no. 1 (2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/geocelebes.v1i1.1775.

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AbstrakDifraksi dan efek smiling merupakan artefak yang sering terdapat pada data seismik. Difraksi timbul pada data sebelum dilakukan proses migrasi sedangkan efek smiling timbul setelah dilakukan proses migrasi. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas efek smiling pada penampang hasil migrasi yang pada wilayah tersebut merupakan tempat terjadinya difraksi sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Difraksi, Efek Smiling, MigrasiAbstractDiffraction and smiling are the two effects that often present in a seismic data. Diffraction occurs before the migration process, while the smiling occurs after the migration process
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19

Ikeda, Masahito. "Longitudinal study of infant spontaneous smiling and elicited smiling." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 82 (September 25, 2018): 1PM—090–1PM—090. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.82.0_1pm-090.

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20

Ozturk, Havva. "Smiling and accessible health services: Assessment of patients." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i2.2459.

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21

Robertson, Susan E. "Smiling and Nodding." OLA Quarterly 20, no. 1 (2014): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7710/1093-7374.1011.

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22

Vajramani, GV, and AM Fahmy. "Smiling face odontoid." Neurology India 54, no. 4 (2006): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.28146.

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23

Wheatley, David, Richard S. Harrison, Marie-Louise Legg, et al. "Smiling Public Men." Books Ireland, no. 235 (2000): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20632189.

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24

Roberts, Robert C. "Smiling with God." Faith and Philosophy 4, no. 2 (1987): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/faithphil19874218.

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25

Muir, Clive. "Smiling With Customers." Business Communication Quarterly 71, no. 2 (2008): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1080569908317320.

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26

Schürch, Walter. "Smiling Full Moon." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 14, no. 4 (2006): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896906291512.

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27

Arana, Ana. "The Smiling Chameleon." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 50, no. 6 (1994): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00963402.1994.11456572.

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28

Merz, Redaktion. "App: Smiling Mind." merz | medien + erziehung 63, no. 1 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/merz/2019.1.9.

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Einen lächelnden Geist und Meditation für jedes Alter, das verspricht Smiling Mind. Die App ist ein kostenloses Angebot der gleichnamigen australischen Non-Profit-Organisation. Enthalten sind Lektionen für verschiedene Zielgruppen: Berufstätige, Erwachsene und Heranwachsende. Letztere werden in verschiedene Altersgruppen unterteilt, für die jeweils adäquate Meditationseinheiten zur Verfügung stehen. Zudem gibt es ein Programm für das Klassenzimmer, das Lehrkräfte gemeinsam mit ihren Schülerinnen und Schülern erarbeiten oder als Anreiz für Entspannungseinheiten in der Schule verwenden können. B
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29

Obi, Paul. "Labouring and Smiling." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 22, no. 1 (2024): 381–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v22i1.1451.

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Does Africa suffer from the paucity of epistemic inquiry on digital capitalism, mostly, spearheaded by social media platforms within the confines of the global digital economy? The growing corpus of literature points to digital colonialism and prosumer capitalism as critical components in understanding the global digital economy. Yet, postcolonial Africa lags in the negotiation of power within the political economy dynamics of digital capitalism. Thus, in an age of big data, platformisation and extraction of human life, is there a reincarnation and excavation of colonialism of old in the form
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30

Paraf, François. "“Smiling” Alveolar Macrophage." New England Journal of Medicine 339, no. 26 (1998): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199812243392605.

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31

Bloch, D. A., and C. A. Coello Coello. "Smiling at evolution." Applied Soft Computing 11, no. 8 (2011): 5724–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2011.03.016.

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32

Schwingenschuh, Petra, Carla Cordivari, Julia Czerny, Marcello Esposito, and Kailash P. Bhatia. "Tremor on smiling." Movement Disorders 24, no. 10 (2009): 1542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.22666.

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33

Priego-Valverde, Béatrice, Brigitte Bigi, Salvatore Attardo, Lucy Pickering, and Elisa Gironzetti. "Is smiling during humor so obvious? A cross-cultural comparison of smiling behavior in humorous sequences in American English and French interactions." Intercultural Pragmatics 15, no. 4 (2018): 563–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2018-0020.

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AbstractThe present article is part of a larger cross-cultural research project on speaker-hearer smiling behavior in humorous and non-humorous conversations in American English and French. The American corpus consists of eight computer-mediated interactions between English native speakers, and the French one consists of four face-to-face interactions between French native speakers. The goal of the study is twofold: first, we analyze the link between smiling and humor, focusing on the degree of synchronicity of smiling and the intensity of smiling during humorous and non-humorous segments; sec
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34

Johanson, Deborah L., Ho Seok Ahn, Craig J. Sutherland, et al. "Smiling and use of first-name by a healthcare receptionist robot: Effects on user perceptions, attitudes, and behaviours." Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics 11, no. 1 (2020): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjbr-2020-0008.

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AbstractRobots are now starting to be developed and used as receptionists in health applications. In this regard, it is important that robots’ behavioural skills are developed and researched so that people have appropriate and comfortable interactions. Smiling and use of first name are two more important social communication skills used during human interactions. While smiling and use of first name are often employed by robots in human interactions, the effect of these behaviours on perceptions of receptionist robots has not yet been experimentally investigated. This study explored the effects
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35

Kunz, Miriam, Kenneth Prkachin, and Stefan Lautenbacher. "Smiling in Pain: Explorations of Its Social Motives." Pain Research and Treatment 2013 (August 19, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/128093.

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Studies of facial responses during experimental and clinical pain have revealed a surprising phenomenon, namely, that a considerable number of individuals respond with a smile. So far, it is not known why smiling occurs during pain. It is possible that the “smile of pain” is socially motivated (e.g., reinforcing social bonds while undergoing an unpleasant experience). The present studies were conducted in an attempt to address the role of social motives in smiling during pain. In two studies, we varied the quantitative (level of sociality) and qualitative (properties of the relationship betwee
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36

Berg, Hanna, Magnus Söderlund, and Annika Lindström. "Spreading joy: examining the effects of smiling models on consumer joy and attitudes." Journal of Consumer Marketing 32, no. 6 (2015): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-03-2015-1356.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine consumer response to pictures of smiling models in marketing, focusing on the roles of emotional contagion from the smiling models and the perceived typicality of marketing with smiling models. Design/methodology/approach – This paper reports the findings from three experimental studies, comparing consumer response to two versions of an advertisement (Study 1) and a packaging design (Study 2 and 3), including either a picture of a smiling or a non-smiling model. To measure consumer response, a combination of self-report questionnaires and eye-t
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Yoshimura, Naoto, Fumiya Yonemitsu, Kyoshiro Sasaki, and Yuki Yamada. "Robustness of the aging effect of smiling against vertical facial orientation." F1000Research 11 (June 21, 2022): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.111126.2.

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Background: Previous studies have shown that the association between smiling and youth is a misconception; smiling faces have been estimated to be older than neutral faces. Previous studies have indicated that this aging effect of smiling (AES) is due to eye wrinkles caused by the facial action of smiling. However, whether holistic processing for facial expressions is involved in AES has not been investigated. The present study aimed to clarify these issues. Methods: Participants were recruited to participate in an online experiment that had a 3 (facial expression: smiling/neutral/surprised) ×
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Yoshimura, Naoto, Fumiya Yonemitsu, Kyoshiro Sasaki, and Yuki Yamada. "Robustness of the aging effect of smiling against vertical facial orientation." F1000Research 11 (July 4, 2022): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.111126.3.

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Background: Previous studies have shown that the association between smiling and youth is a misconception; smiling faces have been estimated to be older than neutral faces. Previous studies have indicated that this aging effect of smiling (AES) is due to eye wrinkles caused by the facial action of smiling. However, whether holistic processing for facial expressions is involved in AES has not been investigated. The present study aimed to clarify these issues. Methods: Participants were recruited to participate in an online experiment that had a 3 (facial expression: smiling/neutral/surprised) ×
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39

Yoshimura, Naoto, Fumiya Yonemitsu, Kyoshiro Sasaki, and Yuki Yamada. "Robustness of the aging effect of smiling against vertical facial orientation." F1000Research 11 (April 8, 2022): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.111126.1.

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Background: Previous studies have shown that the association between smiling and youth is a misconception; smiling faces have been estimated to be older than neutral faces. Previous studies have indicated that this aging effect of smiling (AES) is due to eye wrinkles caused by the facial action of smiling. However, whether holistic processing for facial expressions is involved in AES has not been investigated. The present study aimed to clarify these issues. Methods: Participants were recruited to participate in an online experiment that had a 3 (facial expression: smiling/neutral/surprised) ×
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40

Otta, Emma, Fabiana Follador E. Abrosio, and Rachel Leneberg Hoshino. "Reading a Smiling Face: Messages Conveyed by Various Forms of Smiling." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3_suppl (1996): 1111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3c.1111.

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This study investigated the effect of various forms of smiling (closed smile, upper smile, or broad smile) on person perception. Brazilian undergraduates ( N = 330) judged a photograph of a male or female stimulus person in three age ranges (young, middle-aged, and old) and smiling or not. 7–point scales were used to measure respondents' perception of the stimulus persons on various attributes (attractiveness, happiness, extroversion, sympathy, kindness, submission, ambition, and intelligence). We found that a smile enhanced attractiveness and kindness ratings independently of its form, wherea
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41

Guéguen, Nicolas. "Weather and Smiling Contagion: A Quasi Experiment with the Smiling Sunshine." Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 37, no. 1 (2012): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10919-012-0140-y.

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42

Danvers, Alexander F., and Michelle N. Shiota. "Dynamically engaged smiling predicts cooperation above and beyond average smiling levels." Evolution and Human Behavior 39, no. 1 (2018): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2017.10.007.

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43

Otterbring, Tobias. "Smile for a while: the effect of employee-displayed smiling on customer affect and satisfaction." Journal of Service Management 28, no. 2 (2017): 284–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/josm-11-2015-0372.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of employee-displayed smiling on customers’ affective states (pleasure, arousal, and dominance) and satisfaction. Building on the stimulus-organism-response framework and theories of emotional contagion and feelings-as-information, the main hypothesis was that a smiling (vs non-smiling) employee significantly increases customer satisfaction through the mediating influence of pleasure. Design/methodology/approach The study used a quasi-experimental two-group between-subjects design. A total of 210 customers at a large retail bank ha
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44

Otta, Emma. "Sex Differences over Age Groups in Self-Posed Smiling in Photographs." Psychological Reports 83, no. 3 (1998): 907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.83.3.907.

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The present study was designed to investigate self-posed smiling behavior in photographs as a function of both sex and age. The photographs of 1,171 Brazilian middle-class people, taken in a wide variety of informal social settings were examined. Only 25 7% of the girls and 25.0% of the boys of 2- to 5-yr.-age group were seen smiling in the photographs. Older children, adolescents, and adults were much more expressive than young children. Furthermore, significantly more females were seen smiling than males. Females also smiled more expansively than males. Finally, smiling was less frequent amo
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ELLIS, LEE, and SHYAMAL DAS. "SEX DIFFERENCES IN SMILING AND OTHER PHOTOGRAPHED TRAITS: A THEORETICAL ASSESSMENT." Journal of Biosocial Science 43, no. 3 (2010): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932010000659.

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SummaryMany studies have shown that females smile more than males do in social situations. The present study extends this research by examining a large sample of high school yearbook photographs. In addition to assessing the degree of smiling, ratings were obtained of the following traits for each photograph: hair length, hair colour, masculine–feminine appearance and physical attractiveness. Results reconfirmed earlier research showing that females smile more than males do while they are being photographed. Other findings were that smiling was positively correlated with hair length, femininit
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Neuhoff, Charles C., and Charles Schaefer. "Effects of Laughing, Smiling, and Howling on Mood." Psychological Reports 91, no. 3_suppl (2002): 1079–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.91.3f.1079.

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This study examined the effects of forced laughter on mood and compared laughter with two other possible mood-improving activities, smiling and howling. While howling did not substantially improve mood, both smiling and laughing did. Moreover, laughter seemed to boost positive affect more than just smiling by 22 adults.
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Maabereh, Shooroq. "The Predictive Ability of Cognitive Distortions in Smiling Depression for People with High Job Titles." Educational and Psychological Sciences Series 3, no. 3 (2024): 355–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.59759/educational.v3i3.673.

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This study aimed to reveal the predictive ability of cognitive distortions in smiling depression for people with high job titles. To achieve the objectives of the study, the cognitive distortions scale developed by Al-Mataarna (2018) was used, as well as the smiling depression scale developed by Musameh (2011). The study sample consisted of (228) individuals with high job titles who work in private Jordanian universities. The results of the study showed that the level of cognitive distortions was low, while the level of smiling depression was moderate. The results also showed that there are st
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48

Li, Jing, Bonnie F. Canziani, and Carla Barbieri. "Emotional labor in hospitality: Positive affective displays in service encounters." Tourism and Hospitality Research 18, no. 2 (2016): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358416637253.

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The study used web-based simulated hospitality scenarios to examine cultural differences in emotional cognition of facial expressions among Chinese and American subjects in an exploratory study. Results indicate that the two cultural groups interpreted smiling and direct eye-gaze similarly. Although a smiling face elicited positive emotional affective responses from both cultural groups, smiling alone was not sufficient to stimulate more positive subject reactions: Smiling needs to be accompanied by direct eye-gaze to fully elicit positive reactions from subjects. Study results suggest that gl
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49

Cross, Marie P., and Sarah D. Pressman. "Say cheese? The connections between positive facial expressions in student identification photographs and health care seeking behavior." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (2018): 2511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318790066.

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This study examined whether positive facial expressions in student identification photographs were connected with a health-relevant behavior: visits to a health care center in the last year for preventive and non-preventive (e.g. illness, injury) purposes. Identification photographs were coded for degree of smile. Smiling participants were more likely to have sought preventive care versus those not smiling in their photographs, but there was no difference in non-preventive (i.e. ill health) visits. This study shows for the first time that smiling in photographs may be related to healthy behavi
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50

Gladstone, Gemma, and Gordon Parker. "When You're Smiling does the Whole World Smile for You?" Australasian Psychiatry 10, no. 2 (2002): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1665.2002.00423.x.

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Objective: To summarise and review findings from a longitudinal study examining the predictive significance of authentic smiling. Conclusions: A smile captured at one point in time (i.e. in a college photograph) was modestly but significantly associated with less self-reported negative emotionality and more perceived self-competence in a sample of women followed up over several years. Smiling also had a favourable influence upon observer judgements, with subjects who smiled being judged as more likeable and approachable than non-smilers and non-authentic smilers. Authentic smiling in adults is
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