Journal articles: 'Smoke nuisance'

1

Fee, Elizabeth, Theodore M. Brown, Jan Lazarus, and Paul Theerman. "The Smoke Nuisance." American Journal of Public Health 92, no. 6 (2002): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.92.6.931.

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Berger, Lawrence R., and Diana M. Kuklinski. "When Smoke Alarms Are a Nuisance." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 155, no. 8 (2001): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.155.8.875.

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Guha, A. K., S. K. Mukherjee, and S. K. Banerjee. "Smoke Nuisance from Coal Fired Ceramic Kilns." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 49, no. 2 (1990): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.1990.10822987.

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Kulkarni, P. R., S. N. Singh, and V. Seshadri. "The Smoke Nuisance Problem On Ships - A Review." International Journal of Maritime Engineering 147, a2 (2005): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.ijme.2005.a2.050257.

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Dinaburg, Joshua, and Daniel Gottuk. "Smoke Alarm Nuisance Source Characterization: Review and Recommendations." Fire Technology 52, no. 5 (2015): 1197–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-015-0502-1.

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Temby, Owen, and Joshua MacFadyen. "Urban Elites, Energy, and Smoke Policy in Montreal during the Interwar Period." Articles 45, no. 1 (2017): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042294ar.

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During the late 1920s and early 1930s, Montreal’s air was blackened by smoke from coal-burning homes, factories, and the locomotives and lake freighters connecting its growing economy to the rest of Canada. Lacking regulatory tools suited to the task of abating this nuisance, the municipal government passed the country’s first modern smoke bylaw, consisting of an objective emissions standard, a smoke control bureau, and requirements for the installation and utilization of technology to lessen emissions. In providing an account of the process through which Montreal’s smoke nuisance was addressed, this article describes the role of the city’s most influential local growth coalition, the Montreal Board of Trade, in introducing the issue on the city’s policy agenda, participating in the formulation of a policy response, and monitoring the implementation of the resulting bylaw. The Board of Trade sought a resolution to the problem because it damaged the city’s reputation and business climate. Consistent with other documented examples of smoke abatement in large urban areas, the response promoted by this elite growth coalition consisted largely of technology-based measures that managed the problem while eschewing recourse to measures that would dampen economic activity.

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Choi, Yoo-Jeong, Su-Gil Choi, Yeong-Jae Nam, et al. "A Study on the Response Characteristics of Fire Detector and Indoor Air Quality Measurement Factor According to UL 268 Cooking Nuisance Test." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 1 (2021): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.776dfdaa.

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The response characteristics of fire detectors and indoor air quality measurement factors were studied according to the UL 268 cooking nuisance test. The response characteristics of the fire detector were confirmed through the U.S. UL 268 cooking nuisance test, newly introduced in 2020; the smoke concentration in the test was found to be a maximum of 7.8 %/m. The response characteristics of the indoor air quality measurement factors matched to the smoke detector's concentration in the nonoperation test (5 %/m), type 1 smoke detector's concentration in the operation test (7.5 %/m), and maximum smoke concentration (7.8 %/m) measured in the test were analyzed to derive factors applicable to avoiding unwanted fire alarms. In this test, the variation was confirmed at PM 1.0, PM 2.5, and PM 10 of the fine dust sensor, for NO and SO2 for the combustion gas analyzer, and for CO, CO2, and HCHO for the gas analyzer. In particular, the most-adaptable factors measured in this experiment were PM 2.5 and PM 10, which can be utilized as unwanted-alarm factors.

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Goodrick, Scott L., Gary L. Achtemeier, Narasimhan K. Larkin, Yongqiang Liu, and Tara M. Strand. "Modelling smoke transport from wildland fires: a review." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 1 (2013): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11116.

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Among the key issues in smoke management is predicting the magnitude and location of smoke effects. These vary in severity from hazardous (acute health conditions and drastic visibility impairment to transportation) to nuisance (regional haze), and occur across a range of scales (local to continental). Over the years a variety of tools have been developed to aid in predicting smoke effects. This review follows the development of these tools, from various indices and simple screening models to complex air quality modelling systems, with a focus on how each tool represents key processes involved in smoke transport.

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Munton, Don, and Owen Temby. "Smelter Fumes, Local Interests, and Political Contestation in Sudbury, Ontario, during the 1910s." Urban History Review 44, no. 1-2 (2016): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037234ar.

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During the second half of the 1910s the problem of sulphur smoke in Sudbury, Ontario, pitted farmers against the mining-smelting industry that comprised the dominant sector of the local economy. Increased demand for nickel from World War I had resulted in expanded activities in the nearby Copper Cliff and O’Donnell roast yards, which in turn produced more smoke and destroyed crops. Local business leaders, represented by the Sudbury Board of Trade, sought to balance the needs of the agriculture and mining-smelting sectors and facilitate their coexistence in the region. Among the measures pursued, farmers and some Board of Trade members turned to nuisance litigation, with the objective of obtaining monetary awards and injunctions affecting the operation of the roast yards. While the amounts of the awards were disappointing for the farmers, the spectre of an injunction was sufficient to convince the provincial government to ban civil litigation in favour of an arbitration process accommodating industry. This article provides an account of the political activism over Sudbury’s smoke nuisance that failed to bring about emission controls, highlighting the contextual factors contributing to this failure.

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Jee, Seung-Wook. "Analysis of Optical Properties of Fire Smoke and Non-fire Smoke for Reduction of Nuisance Alarm." Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers 28, no. 10 (2014): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5207/jieie.2014.28.10.049.

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QIYUAN, XIE, YUAN HONGYONG, SU GUOFENG, and ZHANG YONGMING. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE SENSITIVITY AND NUISANCE IMMUNITY OF SMOKE DETECTORS." Journal of Applied Fire Science 11, no. 4 (2002): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/754r-nr4h-0hfm-vwn5.

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12

Weinert, D., T. Cleary, G. Mulholland, and P. Beever. "Light Scattering Characteristics And Size Distribution Of Smoke And Nuisance Aerosols." Fire Safety Science 7 (2003): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/iafss.fss.7-209.

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13

Uekoetter, Frank. "Divergent Responses to Identical Problems: Businessmen and the Smoke Nuisance in Germany and the United States, 1880–1917." Business History Review 73, no. 4 (1999): 641–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116129.

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This article counters a common misconception that business was universally opposed to air pollution control at the beginning of the twentieth century. In comparing the reaction of German and American businessmen to smoke abatement efforts before World War I, it shows that behavior was primarily shaped by national culture, rather than by a general desire to “externalize costs.” German smoke abatement did not meet significant resistance from industrialists, with regulation being based on a general consensus of all parties involved—a process which turned out to be as much a chance for abatement as it was an impediment for reforms. The American business community was split into two factions: those opposed to smoke abatement because they feared additional costs and the intrusion of factories by officials, and others, frequently organized in Chambers of Commerce or similar civic associations, who took a broader perspective and argued that the economic prospects of their city were at stake. The ultimate success of the latter group was largely due to changes in strategy, which allowed businessmen to develop a more positive attitude toward smoke abatement while simultaneously increasing the effectiveness of regulation. Business, therefore, should not be viewed as an inevitably “negative force” in environmental regulation.

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Ho, Chao Ching, and Dan Wen Kuo. "IEEE 1451-Based Sensor Interfacing and Data Fusion for Fire Smoke Detection." Key Engineering Materials 613 (May 2014): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.613.219.

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The performance of a fire sensor has a significant effect on fire detection. Today’s fire alarm systems, such as smoke and heat sensors, however are generally limited to a close proximity to the fire; and cannot provide additional information about fire circumstances. Thus, it is essential to design a suite of low-cost networked sensors that provide the capability of performing distributed measurement and control in real time. In this work, a wireless sensor system was developed for fire detection. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the integration of traditional fire sensors into intelligent fire management systems by using the smart transducer concept. An automated video processing sensor for fire smoke monitoring applications is integrated into an surveillance network as a case study and supported sensor fusion assessment to improve the resistance to nuisance alarms. The proposed sensor system for fire detection was developed to reconcile issues related to proliferation and interoperability, and the architecture can support a smart transducer interface (IEEE 1451). The proposed embedded system for STIM (smart transducer interface module) and NCAP (network capable application processor) will be implemented with DSP. To realize the self-identification of transducers and plug-and-play connections, a transducer electronic data sheet (TEDS) is also stored inside the DSP. The acquired sensor data are pre-processed and applied to discriminate nuisance sources. The IEEE 1451 standard has been integrated into an automatic video-based fire smoke detection system. The proposed architecture has been tested on an experimental setup with the purpose of monitoring fire incidents successfully.

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15

Rotherham, Craig. "Conceptions of property in common law discourse." Legal Studies 18, no. 1 (1998): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1998.tb00068.x.

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In 1629 Jones, the registrar to the court of the Bishop of Gloucester, suffered so from the smoke emanating from a nearby brewhouse that he brought an action in nuisance before the Court of Kings Bench. At the time, as water was unsafe to drink, beer and ale were staple beverages. Inclined to reject the claim, Whitelock J pronounced that ‘what is necessary for the commonwealth can never be called a nuisance to any private person.’ His colleague on the bench, Dodderidge J, was more cautious, concluding that, had the brewery been a long-established enterprise, no action would have been available, as one who comes to live near an existing brewhouse must take it as one finds it. However, where - as was true of this case - the brewhouse was a relatively new operation, the matter was less clear.

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16

Milke, James, and Robin Zevotek. "Analysis of the Response of Smoke Detectors to Smoldering Fires and Nuisance Sources." Fire Technology 52, no. 5 (2015): 1235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-015-0465-2.

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17

KASUGA, AYUKA. "The introduction of the steam press: a court case on smoke and noise nuisances in a London mansion, 1824." Urban History 42, no. 3 (2014): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926814000728.

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ABSTRACTIt has recently been revealed that English common law played a certain role in dealing with the pollution problems that accompanied industrialization. This article explores the role of legal actions in solving environmental problems, not within a legal theory but in a larger framework of environmental politics. By focusing on legal actions, it is shown that the Act on Smoke Abatement of 1821 triggered smoke and noise nuisance lawsuits in London, especially against printers. The introduction of the steam press not only contributed to the production of cheap prints but also transformed the printing business into a polluting industry. Legal actions could sometimes remove a polluting business from a plaintiff's neighbourhood, though it also raised the problem of environmental inequality.

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Bryg, VM, Z.-G. Yuan, DL Urban, G. Ruff, G. Mulholland, and J. Agui. "Characterization of Nuisance Particulates in the ISS: Space Smoke Aerosols and Lunar Dust Abatement." Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, S2 (2010): 1670–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610060563.

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19

Szymanski, Ann-Marie. "Regulatory Transformations in a Changing City: The Anti-Smoke Movement in Baltimore, 1895–1931." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 13, no. 3 (2014): 336–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153778141400022x.

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This study of the Baltimore anti-smoke movement illustrates how Americans altered their approach to environmental regulation during the Progressive Era. After citizen groups came to recognize the limits of common-law regulation, they became enamored with administrative regulation and the promise of rationalized, professional agencies. While Baltimore did mirror the national regulatory trends, the city's unique circumstances limited its capacity to reduce the sooty, black smoke that provoked episodes of public activism. Fearful about the city's economic future, regulators exempted manufacturing from the city's early anti-smoke measures. Furthermore, although railroads were major polluters, they balked at electrifying the bulk of their tracks. Finally, the anti-smoke movement was narrowly based in the northeastern, more affluent parts of the city and failed to expand its support to working-class whites and African Americans. Hence, while the ideas about what constituted appropriate regulation “modernized” in Baltimore, the city did not alter its regulatory practices until the 1930s, long after other cities had done so:In the heart of a beautiful residence section of our city, there rises a towering factory structure in the most gruesome ugliness, belching volumes upon volumes of black and angry smoke, flooding our very houses with showers of soot…. It is the sworn duty of our legislators to protect the citizens in all their rights, and it is to be hoped that the crying need of protection from this unbearable smoke nuisance will now be recognized.—PH. H., February 28, 19012

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20

Rosen, Christine. "Differing Perceptions of the Value of Pollution Abatement across Time and Place: Balancing Doctrine in Pollution Nuisance Law, 1840–1906." Law and History Review 11, no. 2 (1993): 303–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/743617.

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The business development that took place during the nineteenth century fouled America's waters. It also caused smoke, soot, stenches, noise, jarring vibrations, solid wastes and other forms of industrial pollution. These problems drove people to the courts for injunctive relief. Their suits raised a dilemma of fundamental importance to all industrialized societies: how best to reconcile the often conflicting goals of environmental quality and business growth.This article looks at how nineteenth-century American judges grappled with this quandary by examining their use of balancing doctrine in pollution nuisance cases.

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21

Bennett, Michael, and Simon Christie. "An application of backscatter Lidar to model the odour nuisance arising from aircraft tyre smoke." International Journal of Environment and Pollution 44, no. 1/2/3/4 (2011): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijep.2011.038432.

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22

Hawes, Richard A. "The Regulation of Chemical Nuisances in Liverpool, c. 1820-1840." Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire: Volume 169, Issue 1 169, no. 1 (2020): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/transactions.169.6.

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This re-examination of the successful indictment of James Muspratt and other polluting alkali manufacturers by Liverpool’s Town Council in 1838 shows that overt hostility appeared during an earlier campaign against coal smoke by the Liverpool Select Vestry. The radical Council elected in December 1835, however, preferred not to intervene directly but by introducing a pioneering bye-law supplementing the ways the aggrieved could act on their own behalf. The high rate of conviction at the consequent summary trials is explained as the inability of defence counsel to prove that the comfort of their clients’ neighbours had not been disturbed by chemical pollutants, but the failure of the manufacturers to use the effective remedial devices they had promised meant that the nuisance and smoke remained, at their worst around the North Corporation School. A previously unnoticed instruction by the Council’s Education Committee to the Town Clerk to investigate fresh action is shown to have led to the indictments of 1838, a decision widely welcomed in Liverpool. The convictions were followed by systematic supervision from police officers and prosecution by the Council’s legal officers and the most offensive processes were abandoned within 18 months.

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Yang, J., M. P. Jones, G. Cheng, M. Ramirez, C. Taylor, and C. Peek-Asa. "Do nuisance alarms decrease functionality of smoke alarms near the kitchen? Findings from a randomised controlled trial." Injury Prevention 17, no. 3 (2011): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ip.2010.027805.

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24

Akinbode, T., and J. O. Owoeye. "Occupational Hazards and Safety of Sawmill Operators in Ogbese Ondo State, Nigeria." Sustainable Development Research (ISSN 2690-9898 e-ISSN 2690-9901) 1, no. 1 (2019): p24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/sdr.v1n1p24.

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This study examined the hazards and safety procedures adopted by sawmill operators in Ogbese, Ondo State, Nigeria. Data were collected through the administration of a set of structured questionnaire to examine the hazards associated with sawmill operators and safety practices adopted. Thirty (30) operators were purposively selected and administered with the questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive and correlation statistics. Findings, among others, revealed that sawmill operators do not have the required health safety gadgets needed to secure them from various hazards associated with their operations. Environmental pollutions, such as, smoke from burning sawdust, noise from heavy machinery in the industries, heavy trucks that carried sliced wood, solid and liquid wastes which caused nuisance to the environment posed serious health challenges to the operators and residents in the environment. The study proffered policy statements that could enhance the health and safety of sawmill operators and improve the environment.

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Bajracharya, Nripendra, Bhakta Bahadur Ale, Ramesh Man Singh, and Tri Ratna Bajracharya. "Waste to Energy: An Assessment of Application of the Selective Fuel for Applications in Industries using a Mixture of "A" Grade Coal and Municipal Solid Waste." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 12, no. 1 (2017): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v12i1.16887.

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This paper is about how the garbage that is considered as nuisance can actually be a source of energy that is vital for us. The fuel prepared by blending combustible fraction of waste is called refuse derived fuel (RDF). When the waste is mixed with coal known as selective fuel, they can be the replacement for coal in industries. The vertical shaft brick kiln (VSBK) has been taken as a representative of industrial sector. This is the theme of this research. The coal sample used is from Assam, India which is the A grade coal normally used in VSBKs of Nepal. The selective fuel was undergone proximate analysis, smoke index test, flue gas emission test and was also tested for its calorific value. The moisture content and ash content is found to be 8.69% and 11.21% respectively which is the acceptable range for VSBK. The fixed carbon content of the fuel is 28.03%. The sulphur content of the coal is 6.4% which can be captured using Ca(OH2. Addition of lime and presence of excess air help to control smoke during combustion. Flue gas emission test shows CO emission of 56.66 ppm, CO2 emission of 2% and no SO2 emission. The economic analysis shows that installation of small scale briquetting plant is feasible. Besides this, mathematical calculation has also been done to deduce some results.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, 2016, 12(1): 129-142

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Cisneros, Ricardo, and Donald W. Schweizer. "The efficacy of news releases, news reports, and public nuisance complaints for determining smoke impacts to air quality from wildland fire." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 11, no. 4 (2018): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-018-0545-9.

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27

Yew, Gary Chan Kok. "Environmental Pollution Control in Singapore: The Intersection of Torts, Statutes, Regulations and Community Norms." Vietnamese Journal of Legal Sciences 1, no. 1 (2020): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjls-2020-0005.

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AbstractSingapore is a land-scarce, densely populated, urbanized and technology-driven society. Despite her image as a clean and green environment, serious challenges remain to keep environmental pollution at bay. Both private and public laws, whether based on statutes or common law, as well as a host of regulations and community norms collectively regulate environmental pollution in Singapore. Statutory provisions targeting environmental pollution rely on criminal punishment, administrative measures and also compensatory damages awarded to victims in the event of breaches of specified statutory duties. The Environmental Pollution Control Act 1999, together with the implementing subsidiary legislation, seeks to minimise or mitigate the effects of air, water and noise pollution. Government agencies adopt preventive, monitoring and/or enforcement measures backed by a plethora of statutes, regulations, international standards relating to environmental pollution. More recently, the enforcement of environmental pollution measures have extended, with the enactment of the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014, to combatting environmental pollution arising from the region. Further, the common law torts of nuisance, negligence and the rule in Rylands v Fletcher exist at common law to compensate the victims for the loss suffered arising from activities resulting in environmental pollution. The goals of enhancing environmental consciousness through public education and community efforts have also been emphasised in Singapore. Nevertheless, community mediation efforts have been supplemented by the establishment of Community Disputes Resolution Tribunals to deal with complaints by neighbours of smoke, smells, and littering in the vicinity of the complainants’ place of residence.

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28

Zheng, Rong, Dan Zhang, Song Lu, and Shen-Lin Yang. "Discrimination Between Fire Smokes and Nuisance Aerosols Using Asymmetry Ratio and Two Wavelengths." Fire Technology 55, no. 5 (2019): 1753–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-019-00829-5.

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29

Kusakari, Shin-ichi, Kiyotsugu Okada, Manabu Shibao, and Hideyoshi Toyoda. "High Voltage Electric Fields Have Potential to Create New Physical Pest Control Systems." Insects 11, no. 7 (2020): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11070447.

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An electric field is the space surrounding an electric charge, within which it is capable of exerting a perceptible force on another electric charge. Especially under high voltage, electric fields induce various electrostatic phenomena, some of which could be utilized to provide remarkable pest control measures. The main focus of the present study was to introduce an attractive force generated by a surface charge on an insulated electrified conductor, which was successfully used to construct an electric field screen that prevented airborne nuisances (spores, flying insects, pollen, and fine smoke) from entering the interiors of various facilities. Another focus was the disinclination of insects to enter the electric field, thus, giving the electric field screen the ability to repel insects. Charges accumulated on the surfaces of non-insulated conductors are mobile through discharge, based on their potential difference. Such arc discharge was strong enough to destroy insects that were exposed to it. Some precedent illustrative examples are cited to explain the principles of attraction, dielectrophoretic movement of spores, and discharge-mediated positive electrification of insects, and to discuss how electric fields are generated and used in electric field-based pest control strategies.

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30

"One hundred years ago: The Black Smoke Nuisance." BMJ 319, no. 7207 (1999): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7207.427a.

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"One hundred years ago: The coal-smoke nuisance." BMJ 319, no. 7221 (1999): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7221.1355a.

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"Flow Field on Helodeck of a Frigate: A Review." International Journal of Maritime Engineering 161, A4 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.ijme.2019.a4.550.

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The various functions desired from a frontline warship such as a frigate, corvette or a destroyer, coupled with the requirement of very high speeds and economic viability restricting the size, necessitates a very dense arrangement of weapons and sensors on the top deck and superstructure. Accordingly, Navies across the world have faced several problems with respect to functions for which a good aerodynamic design for these structures is essential. Major issues include smoke nuisance created due to impinging of the ship's exhaust gases on to the top deck leading to possible suction by engine intakes and high turbulence in the ship's air-wake leading to ship aircraft interface concerns. The flow field on the helodeck is extremely complex due to its geometry and interaction with the wake of the ship’s superstructure. A knowledge of this complexity is essential for ensuring safe helo operations on the helodeck. The problem of ship helicopter interaction has hogged the lime light in recent times, due to rising demand for design of warships for increased stealth, especially in the past two decades. Consequently, several researchers in countries with advanced Navies have invested considerable resources towards evolving both experimental and numerical solutions for the problem. However, given the military nature of the operations, open literature on the subject containing details of such research, which can be used as reference material for present work, are limited. Considering the complexities involved in the problem, an attempt has been made in this paper to holistically review the widely scattered and limited literature in this field. A good amount of literature on marine helo applications emerge from the offshore industry. Keeping in mind that the fields of warship design and offshore structures are dissimilar and have their peculiar problems, informed conclusions have been made in drawing lessons from available literature.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Smoke nuisance'

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