Academic literature on the topic 'Smooth Cayenne pineapple - Irrigation'

To determine the the fiber fineness in different parts of the old and young leaves. the pineapple leaf fiber of smooth cayenne was used as raw material, The results showed that, the length of fiber extracted from the old leaves of smooth cayenne pineapple ranged from 80 cm to 100 cm, and the average fiber fineness of the the tip and root were 14.40 dtex and 18.53 dtex, respectively. While the length of fiber extracted from the young leaves of smooth cayenne pineapple ranged from 50 cm to 70 cm, and the average fiber fineness of the the tip and root were 13.27 dtex and 14.77 dtex, respectively. Variance analysis reveals that the fiber fineness of root and tip in the old pineapple leaf showed significant difference (P<0.05) in smooth cayenne pineapple.

ABSTRACT Differences in susceptibility to viruses in plants may be partially explained by the insect vector probing behavior and by the presence of phenolic compounds, which are often associated with defense strategies. This study aimed at detecting barriers that may difficult the probing activity of the Dysmicoccus brevipes (Pseudococcidae) pineapple mealybug, a vector of the pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus, as well as evaluating the phenolic content of plants, in order to verify any possible relationship with the probing behavior, by using the electrical penetration graphs (EPG) technique. Seedlings of 'Smooth Cayenne' and 'Pérola' pineapple cultivars were used in the experiments. Only 28 % and 21 % of the mealybugs reached the phloem of the 'Smooth Cayenne' and 'Pérola' cultivars, respectively, over 16 h of recording, with an average of 9 h to reach the phloem vessels. The xylem phase was extended in both cultivars and represented approximately 31 % ('Smooth Cayenne') and 44 % ('Pérola') of the recording time. The phenolic contents of both cultivars were similar.

When sap of asymptomatic or mealybug wilt-affected pineapple plants of the Smooth Cayenne group was negatively stained and examined in an electron microscope, clostero-like virus particles were occasionally seen. However, numerous clostero-like virus particles and occasionally some bacilliform particles were seen in partially purified preparations from both asymptomatic and wilted pineapple leaves. An antiserum, made by injecting partially purified preparations of clostero-like particles into a rabbit, trapped and decorated the clostero-like particles. Using this antiserum, the clostero-like particles (c. 1700 -1900x12 nm) were found in almost all plants tested of Smooth Cayenne selections C10, C13, C30 and F-180, the hybrid cv. 53-116 and a selection of the rough leaf Queen group. The particles were more readily trapped from extracts of roots of hybrid cv. 53-116 and Smooth Cayenne selection C10 than from leaves, crowns and fruits. They were not detected in seedlings of a cross between a Queen selection and the Smooth Cayenne selection C10. The clostero-like particles are similar to those reported to occur in pineapple plants in Hawaii and South Africa. This is the first report of their occurrence in Australia. Trapping and decoration tests of particles in pineapples in quarantine from Brazil, France, Malaysia and Taiwan indicated that a similar clostero-like virus occurs in all these countries. The bacilliform particles measured about 133x33 nm. They were trapped and decorated by the Queensland pineapple virus antiserum and also by an antiserum to sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus. They were detected occasionally in various smooth leaf and rough leaf pineapples in north and south Queensland and northern New South Wales. However, in one commercial planting of Smooth Cayenne selection C10 in south Queensland, bacilliform particles were trapped from 29/47 plants. This is the first report of a small bacilliform virus, probably belonging to the badnavirus group, occurring in pineapple plants. The relationship of the clostero-like and bacilliform viruses to yield loss and mealybug wilt in pineapples is unknown.

Smooth Cayenne, a widely grown commercial cultivar of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.), is susceptible to the internal browning disorder known as blackheart (also referred to as endogenous brown spot or internal browning). This disorder is induced by chilling and results in browning of the flesh and core of the fruit due to the oxidation of phenolic substances by the enzyme polyphenol oxidase. The hybrid pineapple cultivar Hawaiian Gold (53-116) is reported to be resistant to blackheart. Fruit of both Hawaiian Gold and Smooth Cayenne were stored for 14 days at 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 23˚C, followed by 7 days at 23˚C. Blackheart symptoms were observed in the flesh of Smooth Cayenne fruit chilled at 10˚C and they were progressively less severe at lower chilling temperatures, with no symptoms observed in the flesh of fruit chilled at 0˚C. Increased blackheart symptoms were observed in the core of the fruit at temperatures below 6˚C. Blackheart symptoms were not observed in the flesh of Hawaiian Gold fruit chilled at any of the temperatures tested, but some symptoms were observed in the core tissue at temperatures between 0 and 6˚C. Increased polyphenol oxidase activity was induced by chilling in the flesh of Smooth Cayenne fruit but not in the flesh of Hawaiian Gold. The levels of phenolics and juice pH were similar in the 2 cultivars. The results indicate that Hawaiian Gold fruit are resistant to blackheart in the flesh, at chilling temperatures of between 0 and 23˚C. The unexpected observation that blackheart symptoms were restricted to the core of both Smooth Cayenne and Hawaiian Gold fruit following chilling at 0˚C may have useful implications for the pineapple-processing industry.

Sewage sludge from treatment plants is an important source of N and organic matter for agriculture. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of sewage sludge and mineral fertilization on the soil chemical properties and production of five pineapple cultivars. The study was conducted in 2 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of two different fertilizers (sewage sludge and mineral fertilizers), combined with five pineapple cultivars (‘Pérola’, ‘Vitória’, ‘Smooth Cayenne’, ‘MD-2’, and ‘IAC Fantástico’). Sewage sludge fertilization favoured soil fertility by promoting a decrease in the pH and increase in the content of soil organic matter, phosphorus, calcium, iron, and zinc, compared to soil with mineral fertilization. In pineapple plants, sewage sludge fertilization provided statistically similar yields and physic chemical fruit characteristics compared to mineral fertilization. Among cultivars, the ‘Smooth Cayenne’ presented the highest yield (125 t ha-1), followed by cultivars ‘MD-2’ and ‘IAC Fantástico’, with intermediate yields of 98 and 90 t ha-1. Cultivars ‘Pérola’ and ‘Vitória’ presented lower yields. In this context, it was observed that sewage sludge can be used in pineapple cultivars, as an alternative source of nutrients to partial replaces inorganic fertilization.

Pineapple is an important edible fruit in the family Bromeliaceae popularly grown in the tropical and subtropical countries. Commercial prodution of pineapple requires large volume of planting materials which could not easily be obtained using conventional method of propagation. A protocol for mass propagation of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. var.smooth cayenne) using temporary immersion bioreactor system has been developed.The protocol involves four immersion cycles in Murashinge and Skoog (MS) media fortified with 1mg/L or 2mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) with or without 0.25g/L activated charcoal (AC). The highest multiplication rate (120 -130 plants/bottle) was obtained when media was fortified with 1mg/l or 2mg/L BAP alone. The presence of activated charcoal (AC) promoted root morphogenesis, resulting in significant increase in roots formation in BAP suplemented media. A combination of BAP with AC significantly increased the number of competent plants(20 – 30 plants/bottle) after four weeks of culture in temporary immersion system. The system is recommended for rapid and efficient micropropagation of pineapple.

Orientador: José Renato Zanini
Banca: Reges Eduardo Franco Teodoro
Banca: Antônio Carlos Barreto
Banca: Carlos Ruggiero
Banca: José Eduardo Pitelli Turco
Resumo: Com este trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho do abacaxizeiro cultivar Smooth Cayenne submetido a níveis e frequências de reposição de água no solo, sobre a produtividade, qualidade do fruto e eficiência do uso da água. O trabalho foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Campus Uberaba, no período de outubro de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados, esquema fatorial 4 x 2, constituído por quatro níveis de reposição de água no solo (50%, 75%, 100% e 125% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) e duas frequências de irrigação (1 dia = F1 e 3 dias = F2) e quatro repetições. A ETo foi estimada a partir da evaporação diária da água do tanque "Classe A". As lâminas de irrigação foram aplicadas por meio de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento, com gotejadores espaçados a cada 30 cm e vazão de 3,75 L h-1. A parcela experimental foi constituída de duas linhas duplas, com 4 m de comprimento, 2,80 m de largura, densidade de 52 plantas por parcela, sendo consideradas 20 plantas para avaliação. No plantio foi usado o espaçamento em linhas duplas de 0,90 x 0,50 x 0,30 m. A produtividade dos frutos, diâmetro médio do caule, peso médio dos frutos com coroa, diâmetro médio do pedúnculo, número de mudas tipo filhote, filhote rebentão, ácido ascórbico, rendimento de suco e resistência média dos frutos sem casca não foram influenciados pelas lâminas de reposição da ETc e frequência de irrigação. Número médio de folhas, mudas tipo rebentão, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, relação de SST/ATT, resistência média dos frutos com casca, potencial hidrogeniônico de suco e diâmetro médio dos frutos foram influenciado pelas lâminas de reposição... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: With this research the objective was to evaluate the performance of the cultivar Smooth Cayenne pineapple subject to levels and frequencies of water reposition on soil by dripping, about productivity and quality of the fruit and water use efficiency. The research was performed at Federal Institute of Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Uberaba Campus, Brazil, from October 2009 to December 2010. The experiment was carried out on randomized block design, factorial 4x2, consisting of four levels of water reposition on soil (50%, 75%, 100% and 125%), of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and two irrigation frequencies (1 day = F1 and 2 days = F2), with four repetitions. The ETc was estimated from the daily water evaporation on the "Class A" reservoir. The depths were applied through a dripping irrigation system, with drip emitters spaced every 30 cm, flow of 3,75 L h-1. The experimental plot was constituted of double rows, with 4 m of length, 2,80 m wide and density of 3,3 plants per meter, with 52 plants per plot. At planting, it was used spacing double lines measuring 0,90 x 0,50 x 0,30 m. The results showed that the increase on the ETc reposition and on the irrigation frequency did not produce a decrease in fruit productivity, average stem diameter, average fruits weight with crown, stalk diameter, number of slips, suckers, ascorbic acid, hydrogen potential of juice, juice yield and average unshelled fruit hardness. Bigger ETc reposition depths cause the increase on the average leafs number, the reduction of sucker slips, the increase of soluble solids (TSS), decreased acidity (TTA), increased the ratio of TSS/TTA, hardness rating of unpeeled fruits and decreased average of fruit diameter. Depths of 50% reposition... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Iftm - Instituto Federal do Triangulo Mineiro
Com este trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho do abacaxizeiro cultivar Smooth Cayenne submetido a níveis e frequências de reposição de água no solo, sobre a produtividade, qualidade do fruto e eficiência do uso da água. O trabalho foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Campus Uberaba, no período de outubro de 2009 a dezembro de 2010. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos casualizados, esquema fatorial 4 x 2, constituído por quatro níveis de reposição de água no solo (50%, 75%, 100% e 125% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) e duas frequências de irrigação (1 dia = F1 e 3 dias = F2) e quatro repetições. A ETo foi estimada a partir da evaporação diária da água do tanque “Classe A”. As lâminas de irrigação foram aplicadas por meio de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento, com gotejadores espaçados a cada 30 cm e vazão de 3,75 L h-1. A parcela experimental foi constituída de duas linhas duplas, com 4 m de comprimento, 2,80 m de largura, densidade de 52 plantas por parcela, sendo consideradas 20 plantas para avaliação. No plantio foi usado o espaçamento em linhas duplas de 0,90 x 0,50 x 0,30 m. A produtividade dos frutos, diâmetro médio do caule, peso médio dos frutos com coroa, diâmetro médio do pedúnculo, número de mudas tipo filhote, filhote rebentão, ácido ascórbico, rendimento de suco e resistência média dos frutos sem casca não foram influenciados pelas lâminas de reposição da ETc e frequência de irrigação. Número médio de folhas, mudas tipo rebentão, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável, relação de SST/ATT, resistência média dos frutos com casca, potencial hidrogeniônico de suco e diâmetro médio dos frutos foram influenciado pelas lâminas de reposição...
With this research the objective was to evaluate the performance of the cultivar Smooth Cayenne pineapple subject to levels and frequencies of water reposition on soil by dripping, about productivity and quality of the fruit and water use efficiency. The research was performed at Federal Institute of Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Uberaba Campus, Brazil, from October 2009 to December 2010. The experiment was carried out on randomized block design, factorial 4x2, consisting of four levels of water reposition on soil (50%, 75%, 100% and 125%), of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and two irrigation frequencies (1 day = F1 and 2 days = F2), with four repetitions. The ETc was estimated from the daily water evaporation on the “Class A” reservoir. The depths were applied through a dripping irrigation system, with drip emitters spaced every 30 cm, flow of 3,75 L h-1. The experimental plot was constituted of double rows, with 4 m of length, 2,80 m wide and density of 3,3 plants per meter, with 52 plants per plot. At planting, it was used spacing double lines measuring 0,90 x 0,50 x 0,30 m. The results showed that the increase on the ETc reposition and on the irrigation frequency did not produce a decrease in fruit productivity, average stem diameter, average fruits weight with crown, stalk diameter, number of slips, suckers, ascorbic acid, hydrogen potential of juice, juice yield and average unshelled fruit hardness. Bigger ETc reposition depths cause the increase on the average leafs number, the reduction of sucker slips, the increase of soluble solids (TSS), decreased acidity (TTA), increased the ratio of TSS/TTA, hardness rating of unpeeled fruits and decreased average of fruit diameter. Depths of 50% reposition... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

O abacaxi é uma das frutas tropicais mais famosas, produzidas e consumidas no mundo. O seu bom aspecto visual pode levar à aquisição de fruto ácido, sem doçura e sem a qualidade de consumo desejada. O Smooth Cayenne é o cultivar de abacaxi mais produzido mundialmente e a sua produção no Brasil está concentrada na região Sudeste. O seu volume de comercialização no Entreposto Terminal de São Paulo - ETSP da Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazéns Gerais de São Paulo CEAGESP vem diminuindo ao longo do tempo quando comparado ao cultivar Pérola, cujas regiões de produção estão mais distantes e as estradas de acesso são piores. O objetivo deste estudo foi retratar a qualidade do abacaxi Smooth Cayenne, considerado como o mais valorizado pelos atacadistas, com medidas simples e objetivas, que possam ser facilmente adotadas pelos produtores na colheita. Os frutos, produzidos nos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, foram coletados semanalmente, entre Outubro de 2007 a Janeiro de 2009. Foi considerado saboroso o abacaxi que apresentou, nos terços apical, mediano e basal, teor de sólidos solúveis - SS maior ou igual a 12 ºBrix, um limite máximo de acidez titulável - AT de 0,6% expressos em ácido cítrico e a relação SS/AT maior ou igual a 20. Não foi possível estabelecer uma boa correlação entre as variáveis de caracterização destrutivas e não destrutivas do abacaxi. A avaliação dos aspectos qualitativos de sabor exige a utilização de medidas destrutivas. Os frutos saborosos, mostraram-se menores, mais leves e mais firmes e com maior pH do que os não saborosos. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de regressão logística em que a variável resposta indica a probabilidade de um abacaxi ser saboroso ou não. O modelo que utilizou as variáveis: teor de sólidos solúveis, circunferência da base, comprimento com coroa e firmeza mostrou efeito significativo, para os abacaxis Smooth Cayenne colhidos no segundo semestre, em relação à probabilidade do abacaxi ser saboroso.
The pineapple is one of the most famous and worldly produced and consumed fresh fruit. Its good appearance can take to the acquisition of an acidic and sugarless fruit, lacking the necessary consumption qualities. The Smooth Cayene pineapple is the variety most produced worldwide and in Brazil. Its production is concentrated at the Southeast Region. Its volume at CEAGESPs market has been decreasing over time, when compared to the Pérola variety, that has more production are more distant and access roads are worse. The purpose of this study was to make a Smooth Cayenne pineapples quality profile, measuring and correlating the quality attributes of the fruit, considered the most valued, by the CEAGESPs pineapple whosalers, using simple and objective measures, that could be easily adopted by the growers at harvest. The fruit, that was collected each week from 2007, October to 2009, February, was produced at the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. A fruit was considered tasty when, at its apical, median and basal transversal slices,presented the soluble solids content equal or superior to 12o Brix, an acidity equal or inferior to 0,6%, measured by titratable acidity, reported as % citric acid and the relation soluble solids and titratable acidity equal or superior to 20. It was not found a good correlation between the internal and external characteristics of the fruit. The evaluation of the taste demands destructive measures. The tasty fruits are smaller size, weight less and have more firmness, higher pH than the non tasty fruits. A logistic regression model was developed to indicate the probability of the fruit being tasty or not tasty. The variables soluble solids content, basal circumference, length of the fruit with its crown and firmness has shown significance for the fruits harvested at the second semester of the year. The same wasn´t true for the fruits harvested at the first semester, from January to July, perhaps because there were fewer tasty fruits at this time.