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DEBLAIS, LOÏC, CLAUDIO VRISMAN, DIPAK KATHAYAT, YOSRA A. HELMY, SALLY A. MILLER, and GIREESH RAJASHEKARA. "Imidazole and Methoxybenzylamine Growth Inhibitors Reduce Salmonella Persistence in Tomato Plant Tissues." Journal of Food Protection 82, no. 6 (May 22, 2019): 997–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-555.
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ABSTRACTThe control of Salmonella from farm to fork is challenging because of the lack of symptoms on contaminated fresh produce and the limited effectiveness of control methods before and after harvest. Therefore, the identification of new antimicrobials effective against Salmonella is needed to improve food safety. In this study, we investigated the activity of four anti-Salmonella small molecules (SMs; SM1, SM3, SM4, and SM5) on tomato tissues contaminated with Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium (JSG626). No toxicity was detected on tomato seeds, seedlings, and fruits when tissues were treated with 200 μM SM. Moreover, SM1 and SM4 reduced (79 and 64%, respectively) the Salmonella Typhimurium population in tomato seedlings when sprayed on the leaves with two times the minimal bactericidal concentration (SM1 = 100 μM, SM3 and SM5 = 50 μM, and SM = 20 μM) at −1 and 3 days postinfection. The four SMs (200 μM) that have antagonistic effects on Salmonella had limited effect on the growth of beneficial plant bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain BA1 and Bacillus subtilis strain BS1, and Enterobacter sp. strain SM1796). SM1 and SM4, when combined with BA1 or SM1796, reduced the Salmonella Typhimurium population by at least 98.2% in tomato plants. The four SMs (at two times the minimal bactericidal concentration) also reduced the Salmonella Typhimurium population on the surface and inside contaminated green mature and ripe tomato fruits up to 95% after spraying or soaking the fruits in cold water for 30 min. The real-time in vivo imaging data showed that the stem abscission zone in fruits represents a major source of internalization and persistence of Salmonella Typhimurium against antimicrobials. The four SMs also displayed bactericidal effect on phytopathogens at 200 μM. This study demonstrates that these novel SMs could represent safe bactericides for control of Salmonella and phytopathogens in fresh produce and are compatible for use in combination with biocontrol agents.HIGHLIGHTS
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Ashrafi, R., MH Mian, MM Rahman, and M. Jahiruddin. "Reuse of spent mushroom substrate as casing material for the production of milky white mushroom." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 15, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v15i2.35069.
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An experiment was conducted to reuse waste generated from mushroom farm called composted spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as casing material for the production of milky white mushroom. The production trial of milky white mushroom was conducted with five casing mixture viz. Loam soil + Sand (3:1) (farmer’s practice), SMS compost + Sand (3:1), Loam soil + SMS compost + Sand (2:1:1), Loam soil + SMS compost + FYM (1:1:1) and SMS compost + FYM (1:1). Results revealed the suitability of SMS to reuse as casing materials through composting. Casing treatments containing SMC alone or combination with sand (3:1) and soil + FYM (1:1:1) produced statistically similar yield which were statistically higher than farmer’s practice. Among these three treatments, pH, EC, particle density and organic carbon ranged between 7.16-7.82, 1.69-1.84 mmhos cm−1, 1.52-1.90 g cc−1 and 11.3%-15.8%, respectively. Below or above this range reduced the yield of milky white mushroom. SMC, SMC + Sand (3:1) and Soil + SMC + FYM (1:1:1) produced statistically similar yield but SMC and SMC + Sand (3:1) took shorter time to harvest than Soil + SMC + FYM (1:1:1). So, SMC or SMC + Sand (3:1) can be recommended to use as casing material.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 239-247, December 2017
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Ashrafi, Reema, Md Rashedur Rahman Rajib, Rajia Sultana, M. Mazibur Rahman, Musharrof Hossain Mian, and Faria Hossain Shanta. "Effect of spent mushroom compost on yield and fruit quality of tomato." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 1, no. 3 (February 23, 2016): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v1i3.26464.
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An experiment was conducted to observe the performance of the composted spent mushroom substrate (SMS) along with chemical fertilizers on the yield, fruit quality and nutrient uptake by tomato plant for using the mushroom waste through composting. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with seven replications. Treatments were T1: no fertilizer and compost application (control), T2: recommended dose of fertilizers (RFD), T3: 25% SMC-N+ 75% fertilizer-N, T4: RFD + 2.5 t ha-1 SMC, T5: 50% SMC-N + 50% fertilizer-N, T6: 100% SMC-N and T7: 100% SMC-N + 50% fertilizer-N. Application of SMS compost at 2.5 t ha-1 along with recommended fertilizer dose showed the best performance for number of fruits, fruit yield, fruit quality (total protein, vitamin C, total sugar, reducing sugar) and nutrient uptake by tomato. This treatment showed significantly higher fruit yield, quality and nutrient uptake not only over control but also RFD, SMS compost alone and combination of SMS compost & RFD. Though SMS compost alone proved less effective, however combined application of SMS compost at 2.5 tha-1 with chemical fertilizer of recommended dose had shown to be more effective.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 471-477
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Sherwood, Jennifer J., and Thomas J. Eddinger. "Shortening velocity and myosin heavy- and light-chain isoform mRNA in rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): C1093—C1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00307.2001.
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In smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from rabbit carotid, femoral, and saphenous arteries, relative myosin isoform mRNA levels were measured in RT-PCR to test for correlations between myosin isoform expression and unloaded shortening velocity. Unloaded shortening velocity and percent smooth muscle myosin heavy chain 2 (SM2) and myosin light chain 17b (MLC17b) mRNA levels were not significantly different in single SMCs isolated from the luminal and adluminal regions of the carotid media. Saphenous artery SMCs shortened significantly faster ( P < 0.05) than femoral SMCs and had more SM2 mRNA ( P < 0.05) than carotid SMCs and less MLC17b mRNA ( P < 0.001) and higher tissue levels of SMB mRNA ( P < 0.05) than carotid and femoral SMCs. No correlations were found between percent SM2 and percent MLC17b mRNA levels and unloaded shortening velocity in SMCs from these arteries. We have previously shown that myosin heavy chain (MHC) SM1/SM2 and SMA/SMB and MLC17a/MLC17bisoform mRNA levels correlate with protein expression for these isoforms in rabbit smooth muscle tissues. Thus we interpret these results to suggest that 1) SMC myosin isoform expression and unloaded shortening velocity do not vary with distance from the lumen of the carotid artery but do vary in arteries located longitudinally within the arterial tree, 2) MHC SM1/SM2 and/or MLC17a/MLC17b isoform expression does not correlate with unloaded shortening velocity, and 3) intracellular expression of the MHC SM1/SM2 and MLC17a/MLC17b isoforms is not coregulated.
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Karanikas, Nektarios, Alfred Roelen, Alistair Vardy, and Steffen Kaspers. "Institutionalisation, Capability and Effectiveness of Aviation Safety Management Systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 273 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927302005.
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In the frame of an on-going 4-years research project, the Aviation Academy Safety Management Systems (AVAC-SMS) metric for the self-assessment of aviation Safety Management Systems (SMS) was designed based on the Safety Management Manual of the International Civil Aviation Organization and in cooperation with knowledge experts and aviation companies. The particular metric evaluates three areas, namely (1) the degree of institutionalisation of SMS (design and implementation of processes), (2) the extent of managers' capability to deliver the SMS processes, and (3) the employees' perceived effectiveness of the SMS-related deliverables. The metric concludes with a score per area and per SMS component/element assessed, and it is scalable to the size and complexity of each organisation. Results of a survey at 18 aviation companies did not show statistically significant differences in their SMS scores across all three assessment areas but revealed a distance between the area of Institutionalization and the areas of Capability and Effectiveness. Also, differences were detected regarding the scores per SMS component and element within and across companies and assessment areas. The various assessment options offered for the AVAC-SMS metric accommodates the resources each SME and large company can invest in the application of the metric. Even the lowest level of resolution of the SMS metric can trigger companies to investigate further their weaker areas and foster their SMS-related activities. Therefore, the AVAC-SMS metric is deemed useful to organisations that want to self-assess their SMS and proceed to comparisons amongst various functions and levels and/or over time.
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Vrisman, Cláudio M., Loïc Deblais, Yosra A. Helmy, Reed Johnson, Gireesh Rajashekara, and Sally A. Miller. "Discovery and Characterization of Low-Molecular Weight Inhibitors of Erwinia tracheiphila." Phytopathology® 110, no. 5 (May 2020): 989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-19-0440-r.
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Plant pathogenic bacteria in the genus Erwinia cause economically important diseases, including bacterial wilt of cucurbits caused by Erwinia tracheiphila. Conventional bactericides are insufficient to control this disease. Using high-throughput screening, 464 small molecules (SMs) with either cidal or static activity at 100 µM against a cucumber strain of E. tracheiphila were identified. Among them, 20 SMs (SM1 to SM20), composed of nine distinct chemical moiety structures, were cidal to multiple E. tracheiphila strains at 100 µM. These lead SMs had low toxicity to human cells and honey bees at 100 µM. No phytotoxicity was observed on melon plants at 100 µM, except when SM12 was either mixed with Silwet L-77 and foliar sprayed or when delivered through the roots. Lead SMs did not inhibit the growth of beneficial Pseudomonas and Enterobacter species but inhibited the growth of Bacillus species. Nineteen SMs were cidal to Xanthomonas cucurbitae and showed >50% growth inhibition against Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans. In addition, 19 SMs were cidal or static against Erwinia amylovora in vitro. Five SMs demonstrated potential to suppress E. tracheiphila when foliar sprayed on melon plants at 2× the minimum bactericidal concentration. Thirteen SMs reduced Et load in melon plants when delivered via roots. Temperature and light did not affect the activity of SMs. In vitro cidal activity was observed after 3 to 10 h of exposure to these five SMs. Here, we report 19 SMs that provide chemical scaffolds for future development of bactericides against plant pathogenic bacterial species.
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Charland, Stéphanie, Marie-Josée Boucher, Mathieu Houde, and Nathalie Rivard. "Somatostatin Inhibits Akt Phosphorylation and Cell Cycle Entry, But Not p42/p44 Mitogen-Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Activation in Normal and Tumoral Pancreatic Acinar Cells**This research was supported by Grant 970384 (to N.R.) from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada." Endocrinology 142, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.142.1.7908.
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Abstract Somatostatin, or its structural analog SMS 201–995 (SMS), is recognized to exert a growth-inhibitory action in rat pancreas, but the cellular mechanisms are not completely understood. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of SMS on p42/p44 MAP kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation and to analyze expression of some cell cycle regulatory proteins in relation to pancreatic acinar cell proliferation in vivo (rat pancreas), as well as in the well-established tumoral cell line AR4–2J. We herein report that: 1) SMS inhibits caerulein-induced pancreatic weight and DNA content and abolishes epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated AR4–2J proliferation; 2) SMS only moderately reduces the stimulatory effect of caerulein on p42/p44 MAP kinase activities in pancreas and has no effect on EGF-stimulated MAP kinase activities in AR4–2J cells; 3) SMS repressed caerulein-induced Akt activity in normal pancreas; 4) SMS has a strong inhibitory action on cyclin E expression induced by caerulein in pancreas and EGF in AR4–2J cells and as expected, the resulting cyclin E-associated cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)2 activity, as well as pRb phosphorylation, are blunted by SMS treatment in both models; and 5) SMS suppresses mitogen-induced p27Kip1 down-regulation, as well as marginally induces p21Cip expression. Thus, our data suggest that somatostatin-induced growth arrest is mediated by inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and by enhanced expression of p21Cip and p27Kip1, leading to repression of pRb phosphorylation and cyclin E-cdk2 complex activity.
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Alfathin, Abdullah Husain, Mukhtar Hanafi, and Nugroho Agung. "PERANCANGAN SMS GATEWAY SEBAGAI REMINDER PEMBAYARAN TAGIHAN LAYANAN INTERNET DI MUNA NET MEDIA." Jurnal Komtika 2, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/komtika.v2i1.2107.
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Muna Net Media merupakan salah satu Penyedia jasa Layanan Internet yang berlokasi di Kaliangkrik Magelang. Banyaknya pelanggan yang tidak disiplin dalam membayar tagihan menjadi masalah utama di Muna Net Media. Hal ini terjadi karena sering kali pelanggan tidak menyadari sudah masuk dalam waktu jatuh tempo pembayaran. SMS Reminder dirancang bertujuan untuk pengingat bagi para pelanggan Muna Net Media untuk membayar tagihan sebelum jatuh tempo, dan memberi informasi jumlah tagihan. SMS Reminder ini memberikan manfaat efisiensi waktu bagi Muna Net Media untuk mengirimkan jumlah tagihan yang berbeda pada masing-masing pelanggan. SMS Reminder yang digunakan menggunakan SMS Gateway, SMS Gateway merupakan teknologi mengirim, menerima dan bahkan mengolah SMS melalui komputer dan sistem komputerisasi. Aplikasi ini menghasilkan SMS pengingat yang bisa dikirim ke masing-masing pelanggan berdasarkan jumlah tagihan. Pengiriman SMS Reminder 1,2, dan 3 terkirim sesuai dengan tanggal jatuh tempo yang sudah diatur pada sistem. Dan aplikasi ini juga akan mengirimkan SMS ucapan terima kasih ketika sistem mendeteksi bahwa tagihan sudah dibayar.
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Kagucia, E. Wangeci, Benard Ochieng, Joyce Were, Kyla Hayford, David Obor, Katherine L. O'Brien, and Dustin G. Gibson. "Impact of mobile phone delivered reminders and unconditional incentives on measles-containing vaccine timeliness and coverage: a randomised controlled trial in western Kenya." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 1 (January 2021): e003357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003357.
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IntroductionShort message service (SMS) reminders coupled with a small monetary incentive conditioned on prompt vaccination have been shown to improve first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) uptake. We assessed whether SMS reminders and unconditional monetary incentives—more amenable to programmatic implementation—can improve MCV1 uptake in Kenya.MethodsCaregivers of eligible infants aged 6–8 months were enrolled into an individually randomised controlled trial and assigned to receive either: no intervention (control), two SMS reminders (SMS) sent 3 days, and 1 day before the scheduled MCV1 date, or SMS reminders coupled with a Kenya Shilling (KES) 150 incentive (SMS +150 KES) sent 3 days before the scheduled MCV1 date. Study staff conducted a household follow-up visit at age 12 months to ascertain vaccination status. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the relative and absolute difference in MCV1 timely coverage (by age 10 months), the primary outcome.ResultsBetween 6 December 2016 and 31 March 2017, 179 infants were enrolled into each of the three study arms. Follow-up visits were completed between 19 April 2017 and 8 October 2017 for control (n=170), SMS (n=157) and SMS + 150 KES (n=158) children. MCV1 timely coverage was 68% among control arm infants compared with 78% in each intervention arm. This represented a non-statistically significant increase in the SMS arm (adjusted relative risk 1.13; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.30; p=0.070; adjusted risk difference 9.2%; 95% CI: −0.6 to 19.0%; p=0.066), but a statistically significant increase in the SMS + 150 KES arm (1.16; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.32; p=0.035; 10.6%; 95% CI 0.8 to 20.3%; p=0.034).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the effect of SMS reminders coupled with a small unconditional monetary incentive on MCV1 uptake is comparable to that of SMS reminders alone, limiting their utility. Further studies in the absence of unexpected supply-side constraints are needed.Trial registration numberNCT02904642
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Andreev, O. V., V. V. Ivanov, A. V. Gorshkov, P. V. Miodushevskiy, and P. O. Andreev. "Chemistry and Technology of Samarium Monosulfide." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 18, no. 1 (June 17, 2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj396.
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<p class="Pa10">Samarium monosulfide SmS (Fm3m, а = 5.967 Å, ΔЕ = 0.23 V, n = 10<sup>20</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup>, <em>σ</em><em> </em>= 500 Ω<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup>, <em>α</em><em> </em>= 350 μВ/K) is a thermoelectric material (Z>1) and, at the same time, a pressure-sensitive material (K≥40–50). Samarium monosulfide is a daltonide phase with a solid solution whose extent is mostly in the range of cationic vacancies: Sm<sub>1+x </sub>S<sub>1-x</sub>□<sub>2x</sub> (<em>x </em>= 0–0.035; 1750 K). The congruent melting temperature of SmS is 2475 K. In the Sm–S system, Sm<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub> crystallizes from melt without change in composition. Samarium monosulfide thermally dissociates to Sm<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub> and Sm. Large-scale SmS lots are produced from samarium and sulfur. Synthesis is carried out in sealed-off silica glass ampoules at 500–1350 K followed by heat treatment in tantalum crucibles at 1500–2400 K. The reaction of metal samarium with sulfur results in the formation of sulfide phases that coat the samarium surface in the following order: SmS, Sm<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, Sm<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, and SmS<sub>2</sub>. Subsequent annealing at 1500–1800 K provides SmS yields up to 96–97 mol %. Equilibrium minor phases for SmS are Sm<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, Sm<sub>2</sub>О<sub>2</sub>S, and Sm. X-ray amorphous SmS was prepared by reacting organic samarium compounds with sulfur or H2S. The samarium (+2) oxidation state determines the chemical specifics of SmS. 90–120 μm SmS powders are thermally hydrolyzed starting at 600 K with Н<sub>2</sub> evolution and oxidize starting at 520 K to yield Sm<sub>3</sub>S<sub>4</sub> and then Sm<sub>2</sub>О<sub>2</sub>S phases. A 90–120 μm SmS fraction for film deposition by flash evaporation is prepared by milling annealed SmS samples. Tablets 75 mm in diameter for use in magnetron sputtering are pressed from a <60-μm fraction.</p>
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Fuessl, Hermann S., Jan Domin, and Stephen R. Bloom. "Oral absorption of the somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995: Theoretical and practical implications." Clinical Science 72, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0720255.
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1. Oral administration of SMS 201–995 (SMS), a subcutaneously injectable somatostatin analogue, was investigated in five healthy volunteers, who drank 2 mg of SMS with 75 g of glucose. 2. Mean maximal plasma SMS concentrations after the 2 mg oral dose were comparable with those after subcutaneous injection of 50 μg, although the peak was delayed (90 vs 15 min). 3. Biological activity of absorbed SMS was shown by significant and lasting suppression of plasma insulin concentrations, resulting in significant hyperglycaemia at 90 and 120 min compared with the control study. 4. The feasibility of oral administration of SMS may extend its use in the treatment of acromegaly and gut endocrine tumours. Other peptide hormone analogues, structurally ‘protected’ against enzymatic degradation, may also be active orally and thus be useful therapeutically.
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Kapicioglu, S., E. Gökce, Z. Kapicioglu, and E. Ovali. "Treatment of Migraine Attacks with A Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue (Octreotide, SMS 201-995)." Cephalalgia 17, no. 1 (February 1997): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1997.1701027.x.
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Long-acting somatostatin analogue (SMS 201-995) inhibits serotonin, bradykinin, prostaglandins, substance P, and vasoactive intestinal peptide, which may be involved in migraine. We therefore decided to test the efficacy of SMS 201-995 in relieving the pain of acute migraine attacks. Headache relief was defined as a reduction in severity from grade 3 or 2 (severe or moderate) to 1 or 0 (mild or none). Patients experiencing migraine attacks were evaluated clinically. A double-blind parallel group trial was performed in which patients randomly received either a subcutaneous injection of placebo (saline) or SMS 201-995 (100 μg). SMS 201-995 was significantly more effective than placebo in reducing headache grade at 2 h (1.5 0.6 vs 2.2 0.7; p < 0.01), 4 h (1.6 ± 0.6 vs 2.1 ± 0.8; p < 0.05) and 6 h (0.8 ± 0.9 vs 2.1 ± 0.8; p < 0.001) after the initiation of treatment. By 6 h, apparent headache relief (reduction in severity from grade 3 or 2 to 1 or 0) was experienced in 76.5% of SMS 201-995 treated patients and 25% of the placebo-treated group. Headache relief was significantly better in patients taking SMS 201-995 ( p < 0.02). Furthermore, none of the patients became pain-free (headache grade 0) on placebo, while significantly more patients (47%) were pain-free on SMS 201-995 at 6 h ( p < 0.01). Headache improvement started significantly earlier in those patients treated with SMS 201-995 than with placebo. SMS 201-995 significantly improves the pain of migraine attacks, 2 h after the beginning of treatment. Additionally, we observed no side effects of SMS 201-995. We therefore conclude that a single dose of 100 μg given subcutaneously is an effective and well-tolerated agent for the treatment of migraine attacks.
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van Bergeijk, J. D., M. E. van Meeteren, C. J. A. M. Tak, A. P. M. van Dijk, M. A. C. Meijssen, J. H. P. Wilson, and F. J. Zijlstra. "Somatostatin does not attenuate intestinal injury in dextran sodium sulphate-induced subacute colitis." Mediators of Inflammation 7, no. 3 (1998): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09629359891108.
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From severalin vitroandin vivostudies involvement of som atostatin (SMS) in intestinal inflammation emerge. Acute colitis induced in rats is attenuated by the long-acting SMS analogue octreotide. We studied the potential beneficial effect of SMS on non-acute experimental colitis. BALB/c mice received either saline, SMS-14 (36 or 120 μg daily) or octreotide (3 μg daily) subcutaneously delivered by implant osmotic pumps. A non-acute colitis was induced by administration of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) 10% in drinking water during 7 days. DSS evoked a mild, superficial pancolitis, most characterized by mucosal ulceration and submucosal influx of neutrophils. Neither SMS-14 nor octreotide reduced mucosal inflammatory score or macroscopical disease activity, although reduction of intestinal levels of interleukin1 β (IL-1 β), IL-6 and IL-10 during DSS was augmented both by SMS and octreotide. A slight increase of neutrophil influx was seen during SMS administration in animals not exposed to DSS. In conclusion, SMS or its long-acting analogue did not reduce intestinal inflammation in non-acute DSS-induced colitis. According to the cytokine profile observed, SMS-14 and octreotide further diminished the reduction of intestinal macrophage and Th2 lymphocyte activity.
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Calais da Silva, F. M., F. E. Calais da Silva, F. Gonçalves, and T. Oliver. "Phase II screening study of an LHRH analog, dexamethasone and somatostatin analog versus LHRH analogue with dexamethasone in HRPC." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 15579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15579.
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15579 Background: As far as prostatic cancer is concerned, we know that somatuline (SMS) blocks GH, PRL, tissular growth factors (TGF) and that it has a direct antiproliferative cellular growth effect. The simultaneous administration of depot forms of SMS and LHRH analogues induced the greatest decrease in tumor growth. Methods: A randomised Phase II trial was carried out in M0 (PSA ≥ 20 ng/ml) and M1 patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer to simultaneously screen decapeptyl and dexamethasone, both with and without SMS (120 mg every 4 weeks), with respect to the PSA response rate, time to PSA progression, duration of survival and toxicity. Results: 72 patients with a median PSA of 77 ng/ml were randomised by 3 centers, 35 to decapeptyl, dexamethasone, both with and without SMS (DDS) and 37 to decapeptyl and dexamethasone (DD). 18 of 33 (54%) patients on DDS and 13 of 32 on DD (43%) had a PSA response (a decrease of at least 50% as compared to baseline). The median time to PSA was 5.5 months in the SMS group and 1.9 months in the group without SMS. At 6 months, 45.7% were PSA progression free in the SMS group versus 35.1% in the goup without SMS. The median time to PSA progression in PSA responders was 10.6 months in the SMS group and 13.9 months in the group without SMS. At 6 months, 73.7% of the PSA responders were progression free in the SMS group versus 81.3% in the group without SMS. 45 patients died (62.5%), 22 (62.9%) in the SMS group and 23 (62.2%) in the group without SMS. 15 and 19 of the deaths respectively were due to prostate cancer. The median duration of survival is 1.65 years in the SMS group and 1.48 years in the group without SMS. At 6 months, 85.7% were alive in the SMS group vs 78.1% in the group without SMS. At 12 months, 77.1% were alive in the SMS group vs 69.4% in the group without SMS. Conclusions: There is no evidence that SMS may have increased the incidence of side effects. The PSA response rate was slightly higher in the SMS group, 54% vs 43% and the median time to PSA progression in all patients appears to have been slightly longer in the SMS group. Fewer objective progressions were also observed in the SMS arm, 4 vs 12. These results suggest that SMS may add to the activity of decapeptyl and dexamethasone and thus have a role in the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Berrens, Robert P. "The safe minimum standard of conservation and endangered species: a review." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 2 (June 2001): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290100011x.
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The safe minimum standard (SMS) approach is a collective choice process that prescribes protecting a minimum level of a renewable natural resource unless the social costs of doing so are somehow excessive or intolerably high. Arguments for the SMS are typically invoked in settings involving considerable uncertainty and potentially irreversible losses. However, the SMS is most commonly viewed as existing only on the periphery of thought in traditional environmental and resource economics. The specific objectives are: (1) to define the SMS approach generally and examine theoretical support, particularly for its application in endangered species decision settings; (2) to examine the relationship between an SMS approach and benefit-cost analysis (BCA); (3) to examine the relationship between an SMS approach and non-market valuation; (4) to compare an SMS approach to alternative definitions of sustainability; and (5) to review the general consistency of the SMS approach with the USA's Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended. Recent attention on this pragmatic policy approach has been something far greater than cursory, with advances and detailed discussions on theoretical considerations, philosophical underpinnings and case study applications. While the SMS emerges as a fairly coarse policy instrument, its pragmatic value is seen in complex environmental policy applications, such as endangered species protection.
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Citarsa, Ida Bagus Fery, I. Made Ari Nrartha, and Rahman Hidayat. "RANCANG BANGUN SMART kWh METER 3 FASE DENGAN KOMUNIKASI SMS GATEWAY." DIELEKTRIKA 7, no. 2 (August 29, 2020): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/dielektrika.v7i2.246.
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Smart kWh meter 3 fase yang dirancang merupakan sebuah alat ukur energi listrik 3 fase yang dapat berkomunikasi dengan penggunanya sehingga memudahkan dalam pengoperasiannya. Alat ini nantinya dapat diletakkan di gardu distribusi PLN untuk mengetahui berapa energi yang disalurkan. Hasil pengujian Smart kWh meter 3 fase yang dirancang menunjukkan bahwa selisih pengukuran antara sistem monitoring yang dibuat dengan alat ukur Watt Meter DW-6163 memiliki persentase kesalahan (error) rata-rata yang rendah untuk Vrms, Irms, Daya, dan Factor daya berturut-turut pada fase R, S, dan T. Berdasarkan nilai error dihasilkan, alat yang diancang termasuk golongan kelas 1.0 menurut standar IEC No. 13B-23 dan dapat digunakan pada panel 50 kVA. Selain itu waktu rata-rata yang dibutuhkan oleh smart kWh meter untuk mengirimkan data ke pengguna cukup singkat dari 10 kali pengiriman data yang dilakukan.
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Chai, Cheng-Zhi, Wei-Lan Mo, Xian-Fei Zhuang, Jun-Ping Kou, Yong-Qing Yan, and Bo-Yang Yu. "Protective Effects of Sheng-Mai-San on Right Ventricular Dysfunction during Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Mice." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4682786.
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Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure contribute to the increasing morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases; however, current treatment strategies are grossly inadequate. Sheng-Mai-San (SMS) has been used to treat heart diseases for hundreds of years in China, and its protective effects on RV have not been observed. The present study was to investigate the protective effects of SMS aqueous extract on RV dysfunction in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) mice model. The results showed that CIH mice model presented RV dysfunction and maladaptive compensation after 28-day-CIH and SMS treatment significantly reversed these changes. Diastolic function of RV was restored and systolic dysfunction was attenuated, including elevation of RV stroke volume and fractional shortening, as well as pulmonary circulation. Structurally, SMS treatment inhibited RV dilation, cardiomyocytes vacuolization, ultrastructure abnormalities, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Of importance, SMS showed remarkable antioxidant activity by decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as well as inhibiting the overexpression of 3-NT in RV. Our results indicate that SMS preserve RV structure and function in CIH-exposed mice by involving regulation in both ROS and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) production.
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Sutanjaya, Gde Angga Putra, Made Windu Antara Kesiman, and I. Made Agus Wirawan. "Pengembangan Prototype Aplikasi Rabies Alert System (RAS) Berbasis Short Message Service (SMS)." Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Teknik Informatika (JANAPATI) 1, no. 2 (July 8, 2012): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/janapati.v1i2.9828.
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Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu merancang dan mengimplementasikan sebuah perangkat lunak Aplikasi Rabies Alert System (RAS) Berbasis Short Message Service (SMS). Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu membantu masyarakat dalam pelaporan kasus rabies secara praktis, cepat terkait. dan mudah kepada dinas Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan rekayasa perangkat lunak yang diciptakan untuk dapat membangun sebuah aplikasi rabies control berbasis SMS di mana nantinya aplikasi ini dapat mengelola dan menampung seluruh laporan masyarakat tentang kasus rabies yang dikirim melalui SMS. SMS laporan kasus yang dikirim dari masyarakat akan langsung diteruskan kepada birokrasi penanganan sebuah kasus rabies seperti, bupati, camat, kepala desa, dan petugas dinas terkait dalam hal ini seluruh jajaran dinas peternakan sehingga laporan dari masyarakat dapat tertangani dengan cepat. Pengembangan media Aplikasi Rabies Alert System (RAS) Berbasis Short Message Service (SMS) ini menggunakan model Waterfall, dan dirancang dengan menggunakan Data Flow Diagram (DFD).Pengembangan media Aplikasi Rabies Alert System (RAS) Berbasis Short Message Service (SMS) ini diimplementasikan menggunakan software Adobe Dreamweaver CS 3 dan Mysql serta Gammu sebagai aplikasi SMS Gateway. Penelitian ini mengasilkaninformasi laporan kasus rabies dari masyarakat yang dikirimkan melalui SMS.
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Chen, Xiaoyi, Hongbo Xu, Chunxia Hua, Jiupeng Zhao, Yao Li, and Ying Song. "Synthesis of Silica Microspheres—Inspired by the Formation of Ice Crystals—With High Homogeneous Particle Sizes and Their Applications in Photonic Crystals." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 18, 2018): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11102017.
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Silica microspheres (SMs) must possess the performances of desirable monodispersity, narrow particle size distribution, and high sphericity for preparing photonic crystals (PCs) and other materials such as microspheres reference material, etc. We have adopted the techniques of increasing reactant concentration and raising the temperature to improve the synthesis rate of SMs, gaining inspiration from the formation mechanism of ice crystals. SMs with uniform particle sizes (polydispersity index less than 0.05) and good spherical features were fabricated through homogeneous nucleation. The mathematical relationship between particle sizes of SMs and reactant concentrations is further fitted. High accuracy of the regression equation is verified by an F-test and verification experiment. Highly ordered PCs (the stacking fault is about 1.5%, and the point defect is about 10−3) with dense stacked opal structures have been obtained by self-assembly of SMs. In addition, highly ordered PCs (the stacking fault is about 3%, and the point defect is about 10−3) with non-dense packed opal structure and inverse opal structure were successfully prepared. PCs of inverse opal structure were used to examine their response characteristics to identify ethanol, exhibiting good performance. Our research may provide significant inspiration for the development of other sorts of microspheres.
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Dombrowski, Stephan U., Matthew McDonald, Marjon van der Pol, Mark Grindle, Alison Avenell, Paula Carroll, Eileen Calveley, et al. "Text messaging and financial incentives to encourage weight loss in men with obesity: the Game of Stones feasibility RCT." Public Health Research 8, no. 11 (September 2020): 1–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/phr08110.
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Background In 2016, 26% of UK men were estimated to be obese. Systematic reviews suggest that few men engage in formal weight loss interventions that support weight reduction and improve health. Objective To co-produce, with patient and public involvement, an acceptable and feasible randomised controlled trial design to test a men-only weight management intervention. Design This was a two-phase feasibility study. Phase 1 was the development of intervention components, study procedures and materials including a discrete choice experiment with survey questions. Phase 2 was an individually randomised three-arm feasibility trial over 12 months. Qualitative interviews were conducted at 3 and 12 months. Setting The setting was two sites in Scotland that had disadvantaged urban and rural areas and differed in employment levels and ethnic groups. Participants In phase 1, 1045 men with obesity were recruited by Ipsos MORI (London, UK; www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk) to represent the UK population. In phase 2, 105 men with obesity were recruited in the community or through general practice obesity registers. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 50 men at 3 months and with 33 men at 12 months. Interventions The trial arms were narrative short message service (SMS) for 12 months (SMS only), financial endowment incentive informed by loss aversion and linked to achievement of weight loss targets plus narrative SMS for 12 months (SMS + I), and waiting list control group for 12 months followed by 3 months of an alternative SMS style developed based on feedback from men who had received the narrative SMS (control). Main outcome measures The main outcome measures were acceptability and feasibility of recruitment, retention, engagement, intervention components and trial procedures. Outcomes were assessed by examining procedural, quantitative and qualitative data at 3, 6 and 12 months. Results The most acceptable incentive strategy, based on the discrete choice experiment results, was to verify weight loss of 5% at 3 months, verify weight loss of 10% at 6 months and maintain weight loss of 10% at 12 months. Overall, 105 men with obesity from across the socioeconomic spectrum were successfully recruited to target, 59% of whom lived in more disadvantaged areas. Retention at 12 months was acceptable (74%) and was higher among individuals from disadvantaged areas. Narrative SMS were acceptable to many men, with a minority reporting negative reactions. Incentives were acceptable but were not the primary motivation for behaviour change. Twelve men in the incentive arm (33%) secured at least some money and three (8%) secured the full amount. Both intervention arms lost some weight, with greater weight loss in the arm that received SMS and incentives. The alternative SMS based on men’s feedback received no strong negative reactions. Limitations Fewer participants from the SMS + I arm (64%) completed the study at 12 months than did those in the SMS-only (79%) and control (83%) arms. The reasons for this difference were complex. Conclusions The men-only weight management intervention consisting of narrative SMS and financial incentives was acceptable and feasible, meeting the progression criteria for a full trial. Tailoring of SMS may improve acceptability and retention. Future work Minor refinements to the intervention components based on the study findings will be made prior to testing in a multisite definitive randomised controlled trial. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03040518. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 8, No. 11. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Budiarto, Efrem Heri, Rosihan Ari Yuana, and Dwi Maryono. "PEMBUATAN APLIKASI WEB BERBASIS SMS SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYALUR INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI ANTARA SEKOLAH DENGAN ORANG TUA SISWA." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik dan Kejuruan 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jiptek.v10i1.14974.
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<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membantu orang tua dan pihak sekolah dalam hal penyampaian informasi. Aplikasi ini berbasis <em>Web</em> dan SMS (<em>Short Message Service</em>). Aplikasi ini dapat menghubungkan orang tua murid dan sekolah melalui SMS yang dikirim. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri 1 Kudus dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data seperti wawancara, menyebarkan lembar penilaian dan dokumentasi. Model yang digunakan dalam pembuatan Aplikasi <em>Web</em> Berbasis SMS sebagai media penyalur informasi dan komunikasi antara sekolah dengan orang tua siswa adalah <em>Waterfall</em> dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut : (1) <em>Communication</em> berupa diskusi awal antara peneliti dengan pihak sekolah. (2) <em>Planning</em> merupakan tahap perancangan kebutuhan <em>software</em>, kebutuhan <em>hardware</em> dan kebutuhan fungsionalitas. (3)<em>Modeling</em> yaitu tahap perancangan aplikasi yang berfokus pada pemrosesan data. Tahap ini dimulai dengan pembuatan <em>Use case Diagram</em>, <em>Flowchart</em>, DFD (<em>Data Flow Diagram</em>), ERD (<em>Entity Relationship Diagram</em>), Desain Tabel dan Relasinya, dan yang terakhir adalah pembuatan Desain Tampilan Aplikasi. (4)<em>Construction</em> yaitu tahap implementasi berdasarkan alur data dan alur aplikasi yang telah dibuat. (5)<em>Deployment</em> merupakan tahap pengujian kepada pihak SMK dengan bimbingan dari peneliti untuk mendapatkan masukan untuk pengembangan aplikasi yang selanjutnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi <em>web</em> berbasis SMS yang mampu mempermudah komunikasi antara sekolah dan orang tua siswa dengan hasil pengujian sebagai berikut : Dari ahli sistem 82,4, dari guru dan staf tata administrasi 81,6, dan dari orang tua 79,76. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi ini layak untuk digunakan.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong>SMS <em>Gateway</em>, web, penyalur informasi dan komunikasi, SMS</p>
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Whittaker, Lisa. "AVIATION SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (SMS) AND MAINTENANCE STEERING GROUP VERSION 3 (MSG-3)." Journal of Air Transport Studies 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.38008/jats.v9i1.28.
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Improving safety was the goal when Maintenance Steering Group (MSG) was first introduced for the Boeing 747 in 1968. The goal was to develop a system of evaluation for scheduled maintenance by using decision logic. This was MSG-1. As theory evolved, MSG-2 brought process orientation and failure modes analysis. Then in 1978, United Airlines, commissioned by the Department of Defense, developed a methodology based on tested and proven airline practices. With that MSG-3 was born. MSG-3 is the current standard for risk management in aviation (McLoughlin, 2006). In 2006, ICAO released a new initiative known as Safety Management Systems (ICAO, SMM, 2006). All domains within aviation will be required to implement a safety management system that complies with ICAO’s guidelines set forth by member states within their own regulations. This is the SSP or State Safety Program. The goal is to provide support for continued evolution of a proactive strategy to improve safety performance (ICAO Safety Management, n.d.). Aviation safety is key, but it is certainly not a new goal. The purpose of this paper is to compare the two programs, MSG-3 and SMS. The study reveals similarities and differences of organizational structures and procedures required to carry out the programs. By identifying growth areas for expertise and personnel, this analysis may be of interest to those starting the journey into SMS.
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MøLler, Niels, Guyla Petrany, David Cassidy, William L. Sheldon, Desmond G. Johnston, and Michael F. Laker. "Effects of the somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995 (sandostatin) on mouth-to-caecum transit time and absorption of fat and carbohydrates in normal man." Clinical Science 75, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0750345.
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1. Somatostatin analogues, such as SMS 201–995 (sandostatin), have been suggested as treatment for a variety of disease states including acromegaly, secretory gastrointestinal tumours and diabetes mellitus. 2. Somatostatin-14 has actions to prolong gastrointestinal transit time and inhibit intestinal absorption, and we have therefore studied the effects of SMS 201–995 on these processes. Five male subjects received a test meal having been given either saline or 50 μg of SMS 201–995 subcutaneously 30 min before ingestion. 3. SMS 201–995 caused a delay in mouth-to-caecum transit time for lactulose assessed by breath hydrogen analysis (316 ± 17 vs 192 ± 14 min, mean ±sem, P < 0.01), a delay (234 vs 120 min, P < 0.05) in the plasma peak of the non-metabolizable glucose analogue 3-O-methylglucose and conversion of the expected postprandial rise in serum triglycerides (with saline 1.02 ± 0.20 to 1.51 ± 0.28 mmol/l, P < 0.05) to a decrease below basal values (with SMS 201–995 0.97 ±0.80 to 0.79 ± 0.11 mmol/l, P < 0.05). 4. After SMS 201–995, an enhancement of the increase in blood glucose (8.2 ±0.7 vs 4.7 ±0.2 mmol/l, P < 0.01) and inhibition and postponement of the postprandial rise in insulin (27.6 ±6.7 vs 9.9 ±2.1 m-units/l, P < 0.05) occurred. Furthermore, a rise in non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate, compared with the decline in concentrations of these metabolites after saline, was observed. 5. We conclude that SMS 201–995 has actions to increase mouth-to-caecum transit time, to diminish the rate of active monosaccharide absorption and to lower basal and postprandial triglyceride levels. These effects probably relate to inhibition of exo- and endo-crine gastrointestinal secretion.
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Widodo, Gianto. "Membangun Aplikasi Sms Gateway Sebagai Media Informasi Harga Barang (Studi Kasus Toko Margo Rukun Nganjuk)." MATICS 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/mat.v7i1.2875.
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<p><em>Abstrak</em>-Persaingan di dunia perdagangan saat ini semakin ketat sehingga membuat para pemilik usaha harus mempunyai strategi jitu untuk bisa mengembangkan usahanya, salah satu strategi yang bisa digunakan adalah melakukan komunikasi langsung terhadap pelanggan, karena dengan adanya komunikasi tersebut, hubungan antara pemilik usaha dengan konsumen bisa semakin dekat. Salah satu media penyampaian informasi yang cepat, murah, mudah dan saat ini cukup populer dikalangan masyarakat adalah melalui SMS. Toko Margo Rukun merupakan sebuah usaha perdagangan yang mempunyai lebih dari 100 pelanggan setiap harinya, sebagai usaha yang mempunyai banyak pelanggan tentunya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan harus dilakukan agar pelanggan merasa nyaman, salah satunya dengan membangun sebuah sarana yang bisa memberikan informasi secara langsung kepada pelanggan, terutama mengenai informasi harga barang. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun sebuah aplikasi SMS Gateway untuk mengetahui informasi harga barang di toko margo rukun. Aplikasi ini memanfaatkan fitur layanan SMS sebagai media informasi kepada pelanggan yang ingin mengetahui harga barang tertentu berdasarkan dengan format SMS yang sudah ditentukan. Sebelum melakukan request harga barang, pelanggan harus melakukan pendaftaran terlebih dahulu baru bisa request harga barang yang diinginkan. Aplikasi SMS Gateway bisa berjalan sesuai dengan harapan dengan tingkat respon terhadap request yang masuk hingga 100% untuk ujicoba 3 SMS request dan 80% untuk 5 SMS.</p> <p> </p> <em>Kata Kunci</em> : SMS,SMS Gateway,SMS Request, Harga Barang
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M Ngowi, Kennedy, Eusebious Maro, Rob E Aarnoutse, Blandina T Mmbaga, Mirjam A. G Sprangers, Peter Reiss, Pythia T Nieuwkerk, and Marion Sumari-de Boer. "Feasibility of SMS to remind pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV to take antiretroviral treatment in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania: a pilot study." East African Health Research Journal 4, no. 2 (November 26, 2020): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v4i2.637.
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Background: Pregnant and breastfeeding Women Living with HIV (WLHIV) often have difficulties in reaching adequate levels of adherence (>95%) to Antiretroviral treatment. “Forgetting” is the most commonly mentioned reason. Sending reminders via SMS is expected to improve adherence. We conducted a pilot study to investigate acceptability, user experience and technical feasibility of sending reminder-SMS to WLHIV. Methods: This was a 6-months observational pilot-study among WLHIV attending antenatal and postnatal care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Moshi, Tanzania. Women received a reminder-SMS 30 minutes before usual time of intake. One hour later, they received an SMS asking whether they took medication to which they could reply with ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. Messages were sent 3 times a week on randomly chosen days to prevent reliance on daily messages. We calculated the percentage of number of SMS delivered, failed to be delivered, and replied to. We analysed feedback from exit-interviews about experience with the SMS-reminders. Results: 25 women were enrolled (age 18-45), 2 were lost to follow up. 5,054 messages were sent of which 53 failed to be delivered (1%). 1,880 SMS were sent with a question if medication was taken; 1,012 (54%) messages were replied to, of which 1,003 (99%) were replied with ‘YES’ and closely to ‘YES’, and a total of 9 (1%) with ‘NO’ and ‘closely to NO’. 868 messages (46%) were not responded to due to either dropout, change of phone number, loss of phone or network failure. Results from 18 interviews showed that 16 (89%) women were satisfied with SMS reminders. 2 (11%) were concerned about unwanted disclosure because of the content ‘don’t forget to take medication’ and one reported other privacy issues (6%). 3 (17%) women experienced stigma. Conclusion: 99%of SMS being delivered indicates that SMS reminders in this resource-limited setting are technically feasible. However, concerns regarding privacy were noted, specifically the risk of unwanted disclosure and the experience of stigma. Participants indicated that being made aware of their adherence, motivated them to adhere better. However, personalised and more neutral content of the SMS might be a way to improving the intervention.
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Ibraheem, Rasheedat, Moshood Akintola, Mohammed Abdulkadir, Hafsat Ameen, Oladimeji Bolarinwa, and Muhammed Adeboye. "Effects of call reminders, short message services (SMS) reminders, and SMS immunization facts on childhood routine vaccination timing and completion in Ilorin, Nigeria." African Health Sciences 21, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i2.57.
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Background: Reminders via mobile devices deployed as short message services (SMS) or calls have been identified to be a useful strategy in improving routine immunization uptake in several countries.
Objective: To identify the timeliness of appointments with reminders (calls or SMS), SMS health education and the routine care, and the vaccination completion rates in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Method: Mother-infant pairs presenting for the first vaccination appointment were randomized into four (three inter- ventions, one control) groups, each consisting of 140 participants. Intervention groups were reminders via calls (A), SMS reminders (B), immunization fact SMS messages (C) and controls on usual care (D). Reminders were made a day before the appointment while SMS immunization facts were sent at five weeks, nine weeks and eight months. Appropriate timing was defined as the scheduled visit ±3 days.
Results: The immunization completion rates after the nine months’ visit were 99.2%, 99.3%, 97% and 90.4% for Groups A, B, C and D respectively. Compared with controls, Group A had the highest odds [AOR 8.78 (6.10, 12.63)] of presenting at an appropriate time, followed by Group B [AOR 2.56 (1.96, 3.35)], then Group C [AOR 2.44 (1.87, 3.18)].
Conclusion: Reminders/SMS immunization facts improve vaccination completion rates.
Keywords: Call reminders; short message services (SMS) reminders; SMS immunization; vaccination timing; Nigeria.
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Apetrei, Cristian, Rajeev Gautam, Beth Sumpter, Anders C. Carter, Thaidra Gaufin, Silvija I. Staprans, James Else, et al. "Virus Subtype-Specific Features of Natural Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsmm Infection in Sooty Mangabeys." Journal of Virology 81, no. 15 (May 16, 2007): 7913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00281-07.
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ABSTRACT Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVsmm naturally infects sooty mangabeys (SMs) and is the source virus of pathogenic infections with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and SIVmac of humans and macaques, respectively. In previous studies we characterized SIVsmm diversity in naturally SIV-infected SMs and identified nine different phylogenetic subtypes whose genetic distances are similar to those reported for the different HIV-1 group M subtypes. Here we report that, within the colony of SMs housed at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, at least four SIVsmm subtypes cocirculate, with the vast majority of animals infected with SIVsmm subtype 1, 2, or 3, resulting in the emergence of occasional recombinant forms. While SIVsmm-infected SMs show a typically nonpathogenic course of infection, we have observed that different SIVsmm subtypes are in fact associated with specific immunologic features. Notably, while subtypes 1, 2, and 3 are associated with a very benign course of infection and preservation of normal CD4+ T-cell counts, three out of four SMs infected with subtype 5 show a significant depletion of CD4+ T cells. The fact that virus replication in SMs infected with subtype 5 is similar to that in SMs infected with other SIVsmm subtypes suggests that the subtype 5-associated CD4+ T-cell depletion is unlikely to simply reflect higher levels of virus-mediated direct killing of CD4+ T-cells. Taken together, this systematic analysis of the subtype-specific features of SIVsmm infection in natural SM hosts identifies subtype-specific differences in the pathogenicity of SIVsmm infection.
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Guerra, Ana M., Felipe Montes, Andrés F. Useche, Ana María Jaramillo, Silvia A. González, Jose D. Meisel, Catalina Obando, Valentina Cardozo, Ruth F. Hunter, and Olga L. Sarmiento. "Effects of a Physical Activity Program Potentiated with ICTs on the Formation and Dissolution of Friendship Networks of Children in a Middle-Income Country." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165796.
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This paper assesses the potential cohesion effect of a physical activity (PA) school-based intervention potentiated using text messages (SMS) through analyzing longitudinally the friendship network structure and the mechanisms of the formation and dissolution of friendships. Three schools (n = 125 participants) in Bogotá, Colombia, were randomly assigned into three groups: Modulo Activo Recreo Activo (MARA) + SMS (networks 1 and 2), MARA (networks 3 and 4), and control (no intervention: networks 5–7). We collected socio-economic, health-related, network structure, and intervention satisfaction variables in the baseline and after 10 weeks on July–November 2013. For each classroom network, we conducted four models using a temporal and static network approach to assess (1) temporal social network changes, (2) friendship homophily, (3) friendship formation and dissolution mechanisms, and (4) effect of SMS on the networks’ cohesion. We found that (1) social cohesion emerged in the four intervened networks that were measured over time with transitivity and homophily driven by clustering, (2) the intervention affected the mechanisms of friendship formation and dissolution, and (3) MARA + SMS on average created more social cohesion and 3.8 more friendships than the program alone. Potentially, school-based interventions with information and communication technologies (ICT) such as MARA + SMS could encourage social cohesion among children. The particular characteristics of each school network need to be considered when developing school-based interventions.
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Cohen, Omer, Dieter D. Bosshardt, Evegeny Weinberg, Gil Slutzkey, and Ofer Moses. "The Effect of Coronal Implant Design and Drilling Protocol on Bone-to-Implant Contact: A 3-Month Study in the Minipig Calvarium." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102645.
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Background: Stress concentrated at an implant’s neck may affect bone-to-implant contact (BIC). The objective of this study was to evaluate four different implant neck designs using two different drilling protocols on the BIC. Methods: Ninety-six implants were inserted in 12 minipigs calvarium. Implants neck designs evaluated were: type 1–6 coronal flutes (CFs), 8 shallow microthreads (SMs); type 2–6 CFs,4 deep microthreads (DMs); type 3–4 DMs; type 4–2 CFs, 8 SMs. Two groups of forty-eight implants were inserted with a final drill diameter of 2.8 mm (DP1) or 3.2 mm (DP2). Animals were sacrificed after 1 and 3 months, total-BIC (t-BIC) and coronal-BIC (c-BIC) were evaluated by nondecalcified histomorphometry analysis. Results: At 1 month, t-BIC ranged from 85–91% without significant differences between implant types or drilling protocol. Flutes on the coronal aspect impaired the BIC at 3 m. c-BIC of implant types with 6 CFs was similar and significantly lower than that of implant types 3 and 4. c-BIC of implant type 4 with SMs was highest of all implant types after both healing periods. Conclusions: BIC was not affected by the drilling protocol. CFs significantly impaired the -BIC. Multiple SMs were associated with greater c-BIC.
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Aamlid, Trygve S., and Peter J. Landschoot. "Effect of Spent Mushroom Substrate on Seed Germination of Cool-season Turfgrasses." HortScience 42, no. 1 (February 2007): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.1.161.
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Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is used by the turf industry in the northeastern United States for soil improvement. When tilled into soil at high rates, some turfgrass managers claim that SMS inhibits turf seed germination. The authors’ objectives were 1) to determine whether fresh SMS inhibits turf seed germination and, if so, which species are most adversely affected; 2) to evaluate whether any inhibition incited by SMS is the result of osmotic effects or toxicity of compounds in SMS extracts; 3) to determine whether any negative effect of SMS on germination can be eliminated by leaching the SMS-amended soil before seeding; and 4) to assess the performance of SMS on seedling emergence in the field. Germination of nine turfgrass species was evaluated in mixtures made from fresh SMS (electrical conductivity of saturated paste extract = 11.9 dS·m−1) and a loamy sand soil. Germination inhibition resulting from SMS was most pronounced in the following order: Colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris L.) > sheep fescue [Festuca ovina L. ssp. hirtula (Hackel ex Travis) Wilkinson] > Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) > hard fescue [Festuca trachyphylla (Hackel) Krajina] > creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) > chewings fescue [Festuca rubra L. sp. commutata (Thuill.) Nyman] = strong creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L. ssp. rubra Gaud.) > slender creeping red fescue [Festuca rubra L. sp. litoralis (Meyer) Auquier] > perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). SMS had a stronger negative effect on germination rates than on final germination percentages. Germination of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass on blotter paper moistened with SMS extracts or polyethylene glycol of equivalent osmotic potentials showed that the inhibition was primarily the result of osmotic effects. In an experiment with a 50% soil/50% SMS (v/v) mixture, Kentucky bluegrass germinated better in pots that had been watered with 133% or 167% of the evaporation rate for 10 days prior to seeding than in unleached pots. Although the negative effect of SMS on seed germination was not confirmed in a field study in which ECe values never exceeded 4.1 dS·m−1, the authors conclude that incorporation of high rates of SMS represents a potential problem for turfgrass establishment.
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Rachmatullah, Sholeh, Esther Irawati Setiawan, and Reddy Alexandro Harianto. "Klasifikasi SMS Center RSUD SMART Berdasarkan Jenis Keluhan Pelayanan Menggunakan Naive Bayes." Journal of Intelligent System and Computation 1, no. 1 (August 21, 2019): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52985/insyst.v1i1.37.
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RSUD SMART memiliki layanan SMS Center yang digunakan untuk berinteraksi dengan masyarakat dalam menerima pertanyaan, masukan, saran dan kritik maupun pengaduan. Informasi yang diterima dalam bentuk sms hanya disimpan dan tidak dikelompokkan berdasarkan unit atau layanan yang dituju sehingga pihak manajemen rumah sakit tidak bisa mengukur tingkat pelayanan di tiap unit. Penelitian ini melakukan klasifikasi terhadap data SMS dan saran responden dari masyarakat yang ditujukan kepada Direktur Rumah Sakit. Data SMS yang diklasifikasi berasal dari database aplikasi SMS Center RSUD SMART Pamekasan. Data SMS dan saran responden diklasifikasikan dalam 10 kelas yaitu Rawat Inap, Rawat jalan, Laboratorium, Farmasi, BPJS, Humas, Loket Pembayaran, Sarana dan Prasarana, Profesi dan tidak Terklasifikasi, serta melakukan scoring sms. Sebelum melakukan proses klasifikasi terlebih dahulu dilakukan pre-processing seperti penyamaan karakter, penghapusan tanda baca, mengembalikan singkatan, terjemah bahasa daerah (Bahasa Madura), penghapusan angka, penghapusan kata yang tidak penting dalam SMS, dan stemming untuk mengubah kata menjadi kata dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma Naive Bayes dengan Two Stage (TS) Smoothing. Dalam beberapa uji coba yang telah dilakukan terhadap 2292 data dengan presentase data traning sebesar 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50% mendapatkan rata-rata akurasi sebesar 82,97% dengan nilai λ=0.2, μ=2000 dan threshold=3. Bahkan dalam salah satu uji coba klasifikasi dengan threshold statis mencapai akurasi 86,73% sedangkan akurasi terendah dengan threshold dinamis mencapai 74,28%. Pengaturan threshold statis terbukti meningkatkan akurasi klasifikasi sebesar 6,14%
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Erwin, Erica, Kristan J. Aronson, Andrew Day, Ophira Ginsburg, Godwin Macheku, Agnes Feksi, Olola Oneko, et al. "SMS behaviour change communication and eVoucher interventions to increase uptake of cervical cancer screening in the Kilimanjaro and Arusha regions of Tanzania: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial of effectiveness." BMJ Innovations 5, no. 1 (January 2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2018-000276.
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BackgroundCervical cancer, although almost entirely preventable through cervical cancer screening (CCS) and human papillomavirus vaccination, is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in Tanzania. Barriers to attending CCS include lack of awareness of CCS, affordability concerns regarding screening and travel cost. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of SMS (short message service) behaviour change communication (BCC) messages and of SMS BCC messages delivered with a transportation electronic voucher (eVoucher) on increasing uptake of CCS versus the control group.MethodsDoor-to-door recruitment was conducted between 1 February and 13 March 2016 in randomly selected enumeration areas in the catchment areas of two hospitals, one urban and one rural, in Northern Tanzania. Women aged 25–49 able to access a mobile phone were randomised using a computer-generated 1:1:1 sequence stratified by urban/rural to receive either (1) 15 SMS, (2) an eVoucher for return transportation to CCS plus the same SMS, or (3) one SMS informing about the nearest CCS clinic. Fieldworkers and participants were masked to allocation. All areas received standard sensitisation including posters, community announcements and sensitisation similar to community health worker (CHW) sensitisation. The primary outcome was attendance at CCS within 60 days of randomisation.FindingsParticipants (n=866) were randomly allocated to the BCC SMS group (n=272), SMS + eVoucher group (n=313), or control group (n=281), with 851 included in the analysis (BCC SMS n=272, SMS + eVoucher n=298, control group n=281). By day 60 of follow-up, 101 women (11.9%) attended CCS. Intervention group participants were more likely to attend than control group participants (SMS + eVoucher OR: 4.7, 95% CI 2.9 to 7.4; SMS OR: 3.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 6.2).Trial registration numberNCT02680613.
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Timler, Dariusz, Katarzyna Bogusiak, Anna Kasielska-Trojan, Aneta Neskoromna-Jędrzejczak, Robert Gałązkowski, and Łukasz Szarpak. "Short Text Messages (SMS) as an Additional Tool for Notifying Medical Staff in Case of a Hospital Mass Casualty Incident." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, no. 1 (October 12, 2015): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2015.108.
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AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of short text messages (short message service, or SMS) as an additional notification tool in case of fire or a mass casualty incident in a hospital.MethodsA total of 2242 SMS text messages were sent to 59 hospital workers divided into 3 groups (n=21, n=19, n=19). Messages were sent from a Samsung GT-S8500 Wave cell phone and Orange Poland was chosen as the telecommunication provider. During a 3-month trial period, messages were sent between 3:35 PM and midnight with no regular pattern. Employees were asked to respond by telling how much time it would take them to reach the hospital in case of a mass casualty incident.ResultsThe mean reaction time (SMS reply) was 36.41 minutes. The mean declared time of arrival to the hospital was 100.5 minutes. After excluding 10% of extreme values for declared arrival time, the mean arrival time was estimated as 38.35 minutes.ConclusionsShort text messages (SMS) can be considered an additional tool for notifying medical staff in case of a mass casualty incident. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:38–41)
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Kang, Chul-Hyung, Yong-Taek Jung, and Jung-Hoon Yoon. "Mucilaginibacter sabulilitoris sp. nov., isolated from marine sand in a firth." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_8 (August 1, 2013): 2865–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.045989-0.
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A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated SMS-12T, was isolated from marine sand in a firth on the western coast of South Korea. Strain SMS-12T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SMS-12T fell within the clade comprising species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , forming a coherent cluster with the type strain of Mucilaginibacter lappiensis , with which it exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 97.5 %. Levels of sequence similarity to the type strains of the other species of the genus Mucilaginibacter and the other species used in the phylogenetic analysis were 93.3–96.4 % and <91.5 %, respectively. Strain SMS-12T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone, and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified aminophospholipid; sphingolipids were present. The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol% and the mean DNA–DNA relatedness with M. lappiensis KACC 14978T was 13 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain SMS-12T is separate from other species of the genus Mucilaginibacter . On the basis of the data presented, strain SMS-12T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , for which the name Mucilaginibacter sabulilitoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SMS-12T ( = KCTC 32111T = CCUG 62214T).
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Taguchi, Yoshimitsu, Tadakazu Kondo, Mitsumasa Watanabe, Michihiko Miyaji, Hisanori Umehara, Yasunori Kozutsumi, and Toshiro Okazaki. "Interleukin-2-induced survival of natural killer (NK) cells involving phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent reduction of ceramide through acid sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelin synthase, and glucosylceramide synthase." Blood 104, no. 10 (November 15, 2004): 3285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-03-0900.
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Abstract Interleukin 2 (IL-2) rescued human natural killer (NK) KHYG-1 cells from apoptosis along with a reduction of ceramide. Conversely, an increase of ceramide inhibited IL-2-rescued survival. IL-2 deprivation-induced activation of acid sphingomyelinase (SMase) and inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) were normalized by IL-2 supplementation. A phosphatidyl inositol-3 (PI-3) kinase inhibitor, LY294002, inhibited IL-2-rescued survival, but a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, PD98059, and an inhibitor of Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway, AG490, did not. LY294002 inhibited IL-2-induced reduction of ceramide through activation of acid SMase and inhibition of GCS and SMS, suggesting the positive involvement of PI-3 kinase in ceramide reduction through enzymatic regulation. Indeed, a constitutively active PI-3 kinase enhanced growth rate and ceramide reduction through inhibition of acid SMase and activation of GCS and SMS. Further, LY294002 inhibited IL-2-induced changes of transcriptional level as well as mRNA and protein levels in acid SMase and GCS but did not affect the stability of the mRNAs. These results suggest that PI-3 kinase-dependent reduction of ceramide through regulation of acid SMase, GCS, and SMS plays a role in IL-2-rescued survival of NK cells. (Blood. 2004;104:3285-3293)
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McIver, Ruthy, Amalie Dyda, Anna M. McNulty, Vickie Knight, Handan C. Wand, and Rebecca J. Guy. "Text message reminders do not improve hepatitis B vaccination rates in an Australian sexual health setting." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 23, e1 (October 24, 2015): e88-e92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocv145.
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Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of text message reminders (short messaging service (SMS)) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination completion among high risk sexual health center attendees. Materials and Methods In September 2008, Sydney Sexual Health Centre implemented an SMS reminder system. The authors assessed the impact of the reminder system on HBV vaccination rates among patients who initiated a course. The authors used a chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to determine if SMS reminders were associated with second and third dose vaccine completion, compared with patients prior to the intervention. Results Of patients sent SMS reminders in 2009 (SMS group), 54% (130/241) received 2 doses and 24% (58/241) received 3 doses, compared to 56% (258/463) ( P = 0.65) and 30% (141/463) ( P = 0.07) in the pre-SMS group (2007), respectively. Findings did not change after adjusting for baseline characteristics significantly different between study groups. There were no significant differences in completion rates among people who injected drugs, HIV-negative gay and bisexual men (GBM), and HIV-positive GBM. Among sex workers, travelers, and people who reported sex overseas, second and third dose completion rates were significantly lower in the SMS group compared to the pre-SMS group. In the SMS group, 18% of those who only had one dose attended the clinic within 1–18 months and 30% of those who had 2 doses attended in 6–18 months, but vaccination was missed. Discussion SMS reminders did not increase second or third vaccine dose completion in this population. Conclusion Clinician prompts to reduce missed opportunities and multiple recall interventions may be needed to increase HBV vaccination completion in this high risk population.
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Markham, Charles H., and Shirley G. Diamond. "A Predictive Test for Space Motion Sickness." Journal of Vestibular Research 3, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1993-3309.
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Eye torsion was examined in 13 astronaut subjects, tested during repeated episodes of 0 G and 1.8 G in parabolic flight aboard NASA’s KC-135. Four findings are included. 1) A strong relationship between previous history of SMS and ocular torsional disconjugacy in novel gravitational states. 2) Responses were unchanged in 4 subjects retested a year later. 3) Ocular torsional disconjugacy scores increased as exposure to 0 and 1.8 G increased. This was particularly evident in subjects who had had SMS. 4) Torsional studies during 10 to 20 parabolas are required to accurately predict SMS. The hypothesis of otolith asymmetry, compensated in 1 G but becoming unmasked in novel gravitational states, is proposed to explain the torsional disconjugacy and ensuing SMS.
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Sherman, Elizabeth, Kevin Alan Clauson, Shara Elrod, Paula Eckardt, Fadi Alkhateeb, and Robin Jacobs. "Patient Perceptions of Text Messaging to Improve Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: A Qualitative Study of Patients in a Ryan White Clinic." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 17 (January 1, 2018): 232595821875920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325958218759209.
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Evidence on the use of short message service (SMS) to improve medication adherence in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is mounting, yet qualitative research on patient perceptions regarding SMS content and utility for HIV/AIDS remains nascent. To explore the experience of receiving medication reminders via SMS among PLHIV, 45 uninsured and underinsured PLHIV nested within the intervention arm of a larger study received daily, 1-way SMS adherence reminders. Qualitative data were collected by face-to-face, structured interview and were analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) reminders helping with adherence, (2) concerns about delivery modes, and (3) the need for confidentiality. Study findings offer enhanced focus on an emerging strategy in patient-centered HIV care: Equipped with greater context on the experiences of PLHIV using SMS adherence reminders, health-care providers can offer more targeted support and thereby maximize the benefits of this popular and powerful technology.
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Wargny, Matthieu, Line Kleinebreil, Said Norou Diop, Maïmouna Ndour-Mbaye, Mady Ba, Beverley Balkau, and Dominique Simon. "SMS-based intervention in type 2 diabetes: clinical trial in Senegal." BMJ Innovations 4, no. 3 (June 8, 2018): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjinnov-2018-000278.
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ObjectiveSince 2014 Senegal has benefited from regular awareness-raising Short Message Service (SMS) campaigns (Be He@lthy, Be Mobile initiative) directed at people who have signed up, for free, to the ‘mDiabète’ programme. We report on an evaluation of its impact on diabetes control.DesignThe clinical trial was designed to send daily SMS during 3 months to people with type 2 diabetes. Due to centre randomisation, SMS were sent from inclusion (M0) to month 3 (M3) to people in centre S and from M3 to month 6 (M6) to people in centre P.SettingMedical centre S in the northwestern suburbs of Dakar; centre P in Popenguine, 70 km south of Dakar.ParticipantsIn February 2017, people with type 2 diabetes were consecutively recruited in the two centres. Complete data were available from 186 of these people.Main outcome measuresHbA1c was measured in the two centres with the same assay throughout the study. The primary end point was the difference between centres for the change in HbA1c from M0 to M3. Secondary end points were the evolution of HbA1c in centres S and P between M3 and M6.ResultsThe HbA1c change from M0 to M3 in centre S was better than in centre P, with a median difference of −0.4%, quartiles (−1.0; 0.3) versus 0.2% (-0.5; 0.8), respectively (p=0.0038). HbA1c decreased over the 3 months after having stopped SMS in centre S and was confirmed in centre P. The campaign cost was €2.5 (US$3.1) per person.ConclusionsIn Senegal, SMS sending was associated with an improved glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. As SMS has a high penetration in low-income, middle-income countries where medical resources are scarce, health interventions using mobile telephones should be developed to facilitate exchanges between people with diabetes and medical teams; this may reduce diabetes-related complications.
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D'Arcey, Jessica, Joanna Collaton, Nicole Kozloff, Aristotle N. Voineskos, Sean A. Kidd, and George Foussias. "The Use of Text Messaging to Improve Clinical Engagement for Individuals With Psychosis: Systematic Review." JMIR Mental Health 7, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): e16993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16993.
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Background Individuals experiencing psychosis are at a disproportionate risk for premature disengagement from clinical treatment. Barriers to clinical engagement typically result from funding constraints causing limited access to and flexibility in services. Digital strategies, such as SMS text messaging, offer a low-cost alternative to potentially improve engagement. However, little is known about the efficacy of SMS text messaging in psychosis. Objective This review aimed to address this gap, providing insights into the relationship between SMS text messaging and clinical engagement in the treatment of psychosis. Methods Studies examining SMS text messaging as an engagement strategy in the treatment of psychosis were reviewed. Included studies were published from the year 2000 onward in the English language, with no methodological restrictions, and were identified using 3 core databases and gray literature sources. Results Of the 233 studies extracted, 15 were eligible for inclusion. Most studies demonstrated the positive effects of SMS text messaging on dimensions of engagement such as medication adherence, clinic attendance, and therapeutic alliance. Studies examining the feasibility of SMS text messaging interventions found that they are safe, easy to use, and positively received. Conclusions Overall, SMS text messaging is a low-cost, practical method of improving engagement in the treatment of psychosis, although efficacy may vary by symptomology and personal characteristics. Cost-effectiveness and safety considerations were not adequately examined in the studies included. Future studies should consider personalizing SMS text messaging interventions and include cost and safety analyses to appraise readiness for implementation.
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Kirkby, Ryan Lawrence, Doris Howell, Melanie Lynn Powis, Heidi Amernic, Lesley Moody, Mary Ann O'Brien, Sara Rask, and Monika K. Krzyzanowska. "Tailoring implementation for a cancer self-management support intervention for patients starting chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.287.
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287 Background: Multiple implementation strategies are described in the literature; however, there is limited consensus on how to best tailor implementation to organizational and clinician readiness. We undertook a mixed-methods evaluation to inform tailored implementation of self-management support (SMS) in ambulatory cancer care as the first phase of a pilot randomized trial of the intervention in patients starting chemotherapy. Methods: Validated surveys, focus groups and interviews were undertaken with key stakeholders (oncologists, nurses, allied health, and administrative leaders) in the lung, colorectal and lymphoma disease site groups at 3 regional cancer centres in Ontario, Canada. Median responses to individual survey questions were classified as an enabler, barrier or neutral based on predetermined cut-offs. Enablers and barriers were triangulated with qualitative data and mapped to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains. Implementation strategies to address barriers were identified using the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change tool. Results: Survey respondents represented all stakeholder groups (n = 78; respondent rate = 50%). Minimal variation was noted across stakeholders and centres. Overall, respondents held positive beliefs about the value of SMS, were familiar with the principles of SMS and felt there was a tangible fit among the intervention, individual beliefs, and existing workflows. Suboptimal communication networks and access to information about the adoption of SMS, as well as a lack of organizational commitment to implementing the intervention were identified as key implementation barriers. Qualitative data reinforced quantitative findings, namely that stakeholders value SMS but were unsure if it would translate into reduced treatment toxicities. 46 implementation strategies were identified based on perceived barriers, of which 28 (61%) were common to all 3 centres. Conclusions: Stakeholders at cancer centres acknowledged that SMS is valuable, but potential barriers to integration of SMS into routine ambulatory practice exist. The impact of the tailored implementation plans will be evaluated as part of the trial.
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Branà, Maria Teresa, Lucrezia Sergio, Miriam Haidukowski, Antonio F. Logrieco, and Claudio Altomare. "Degradation of Aflatoxin B1 by a Sustainable Enzymatic Extract from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Pleurotus eryngii." Toxins 12, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12010049.
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Ligninolytic enzymes from white-rot fungi, such as laccase (Lac) and Mn-peroxidase (MnP), are able to degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), the most harmful among the known mycotoxins. The high cost of purification of these enzymes has limited their implementation into practical technologies. Every year, tons of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) are produced as a by-product of edible mushroom cultivation, such as Pleurotus spp., and disposed at a cost for farmers. SMS may still bea source of ligninolytic enzymes useful for AFB1 degradation. The in vitro AFB1-degradative activity of an SMS crude extract (SMSE) was investigated. Results show that: (1) in SMSE, high Lac activity (4 U g−1 dry matter) and low MnP activity (0.4 U g−1 dry matter) were present; (2) after 1 d of incubation at 25 °C, the SMSE was able to degrade more than 50% of AFB1, whereas after 3 and 7 d of incubation, the percentage of degradation reached the values of 75% and 90%, respectively; (3) with increasing pH values, the degradation percentage increased, reaching 90% after 3 d at pH 8. Based on these results, SMS proved to be a suitable source of AFB1 degrading enzymes and the use of SMSE to detoxify AFB1 contaminated commodities appears conceivable.
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Türk, Yasemin, Willy Theel, Astrid van Huisstede, Gert-Jan M. van de Geijn, Erwin Birnie, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Jacob K. Sont, Christian Taube, and Gert-Jan Braunstahl. "Short-term and long-term effect of a high-intensity pulmonary rehabilitation programme in obese patients with asthma: a randomised controlled trial." European Respiratory Journal 56, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 1901820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01820-2019.
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ObjectiveTo determine the short-term and long-term effects of a high intensity pulmonary rehabilitation programme on asthma control, body composition, lung function and exercise capacity in obese asthma patients.MethodsPatients with obesity (body mass index (BMI)≥30 kg·m−2) and suboptimal controlled asthma (Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)≥0.75) were randomly assigned to a 3-month pulmonary rehabilitation programme (PR only), pulmonary rehabilitation programme with the use of an internet based self-management support programme (PR+SMS) or usual care. The pulmonary rehabilitation programme included high-intensity interval training, nutritional intervention and psychological group sessions. Patients in the usual care group were advised to lose weight and to exercise. The primary outcome was the difference of change of ACQ between PR only and PR+SMS after 3 months. Total follow-up was 12 months.Results34 patients were included in the study (14 PR only, nine PR+SMS, 11 control). Compared with patients in usual care, patients in the PR only group had a significant reduction in BMI and significant improvements in asthma control, exercise capacity and aerobic capacity after 3 months. These improvements persisted during 12 months of follow-up. No difference in ACQ between PR+SMS and PR only groups was observed. However, users of the SMS programme had a significantly lower BMI after 12 months compared with subjects in the PR only group.ConclusionA high-intensity pulmonary rehabilitation programme provides sustained improvements in asthma control, body composition and exercise capacity in obese asthmatics that are not optimally controlled and, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of these patients.
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Li, P. C., M. K. T. Poon, and K. M. Ko. "Schisandra Chinensis-dependent Myocardial Protective Action of Sheng-Mai-San in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 24, no. 03n04 (January 1996): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x96000311.
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Sheng-Mai-San (SMS), a traditional Chinese formulation used for the treatment of coronary heart disease, is comprised of Radix Ginseng, Fructus Schisandrae and Radix Ophiopogonis. Pretreatment with a lignan-enriched SMS (17 g/kg/day × 3, p.o.) was found effective in protection against isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury in rats, and in ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated perfused hearts prepared from pretreated animals. Results obtained from pretreatment studies using extracts prepared by mixing various combinations of the three component herbs indicate that the major myocardial protective component in SMS is the lignan-enriched extract of Fructus Schisandrae.
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Drake, Alison L., Emily Begnel, Jillian Pintye, John Kinuthia, Anjuli D. Wagner, Claire W. Rothschild, Felix Otieno, Valarie Kemunto, Jared M. Baeten, and Grace John-Stewart. "The Utility of SMS to Report Male Partner HIV Self-testing Outcomes Among Women Seeking Reproductive Health Services in Kenya: Cohort Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 3 (March 25, 2020): e15281. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15281.
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Background Use of SMS for data collection is expanding, but coverage, bias, and logistical constraints are poorly described. Objective The aim of this study is to assess the use of SMS to capture clinical outcomes that occur at home and identify potential biases in reporting compared to in-person ascertainment. Methods In the PrEP Implementation in Young Women and Adolescents program, which integrated pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) into antenatal care, postnatal care, and family planning facilities in Kisumu County, Kenya, HIV-negative women 14 years of age or older were offered oral HIV self-tests (HIVSTs) to take home to male partners. Women that brought a phone with a Safaricom SIM to the clinic were offered registration in an automated SMS system (mSurvey) to collect information on HIVST outcomes. Women were asked if they offered the test to their male partners, and asked about the test process and results. HIVST outcomes were collected via SMS (sent 2.5 weeks later), in-person (if women returned for a follow-up scheduled 1 month later), or using both methods (if women initiated PrEP, they also had scheduled follow-up visits). The SMS prompted women to reply at no charge. HIVST outcomes were compared between women with scheduled follow-up visits and those without (follow-up visits were only scheduled for women who initiated PrEP). HIVST outcomes were also compared between women reporting via SMS and in-person. Results Among 2123 women offered HIVSTs and mSurvey registration, 486 (23.89%) accepted HIVSTs, of whom 359 (73.87%) were eligible for mSurvey. Additionally, 76/170 (44.7%) women with scheduled follow-up visits and 146/189 (77.3%) without scheduled follow-up visits registered in mSurvey. Among the 76 women with scheduled follow-ups, 62 (82%) had HIVST outcomes collected: 19 (31%) in-person, 20 (32%) by SMS, and 23 (37%) using both methods. Among the 146 women without scheduled visits, 87 (59.6%) had HIVST outcomes collected: 3 (3%) in-person, 82 (94%) by SMS, and 2 (2%) using both methods. SMS increased the collection of HIVST outcomes substantially for women with scheduled follow-up visits (1.48-fold), and captured 82 additional reports from women without scheduled follow-up visits. Among 222 women with reported HIVST outcomes, frequencies of offering partners the HIVST (85/95, 89% in-person vs 96/102, 94% SMS; P=.31), partners using the HIVST (83/85, 98% vs 92/96, 96%; P=.50), women using HIVST with partners (82/83, 99% vs 91/92, 99%; P=.94), and seeing partner’s HIVST results (82/83, 99% vs 89/92, 97%; P=.56) were similar between women reporting in-person only versus by SMS only. However, frequency of reports of experiencing harm or negative reactions from partners was more commonly reported in the SMS group (17/102, 16.7% vs 2/85, 2%; P=.003). Barriers to the SMS system registration included not having a Safaricom SIM or a functioning phone. Conclusions Our results suggest that the use of SMS substantially improves completeness of outcome data, does not bias reporting of nonsensitive information, and may increase reporting of sensitive information.
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Giguere, Rebecca, William Brown III, Ivan C. Balán, Curtis Dolezal, Titcha Ho, Alan Sheinfil, Mobolaji Ibitoye, et al. "Are participants concerned about privacy and security when using short message service to report product adherence in a rectal microbicide trial?" Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 25, no. 4 (August 24, 2017): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocx081.
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Abstract Objective During a Phase 2 rectal microbicide trial, men who have sex with men and transgender women (n = 187) in 4 countries (Peru, South Africa, Thailand, United States) reported product use daily via short message service (SMS). To prevent disclosure of study participation, the SMS system program included privacy and security features. We evaluated participants’ perceptions of privacy while using the system and acceptability of privacy/security features. Materials and Methods To protect privacy, the SMS system: (1) confirmed participant availability before sending the study questions, (2) required a password, and (3) did not reveal product name or study participation. To ensure security, the system reminded participants to lock phone/delete messages. A computer-assisted self-interview (CASI), administered at the final visit, measured burden of privacy and security features and SMS privacy concerns. A subsample of 33 participants underwent an in-depth interview (IDI). Results Based on CASI, 85% had no privacy concerns; only 5% were very concerned. Most were not bothered by the need for a password (73%) or instructions to delete messages (82%). Based on IDI, reasons for low privacy concerns included sending SMS in private or feeling that texting would not draw attention. A few IDI participants found the password unnecessary and more than half did not delete messages. Discussion Most participants were not concerned that the SMS system would compromise their confidentiality. SMS privacy and security features were effective and not burdensome. Conclusion Short ID-related passwords, ambiguous language, and reminders to implement privacy and security-enhancing behaviors are recommended for SMS systems.
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Vitale, Salvatore Giovanni, Fabrizio Sapia, Agnese Maria Chiara Rapisarda, Gaetano Valenti, Fabrizia Santangelo, Diego Rossetti, Benito Chiofalo, et al. "Hysteroscopic Morcellation of Submucous Myomas: A Systematic Review." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6848250.
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Hysteroscopic surgery is the actual gold standard treatment for several types of intrauterine pathologies, including submucous myomas (SMs). To date, the availability of Hysteroscopic Tissue Removal systems (HTRs) opened a new scenario. Based on these elements, the aim of this article is to review the available evidence about HTRs for the management of SMs. We included 8 papers (3 prospective studies and 5 retrospective studies). A total of 283 women underwent intrauterine morcellation of SM: 208 were treated using MyoSure and 75 using Truclear 8.0. Only 3 articles reported data about procedures performed in outpatient/office setting. Only half of the included studies included type 2 SMs. HTRs significantly reduced operative time compared to traditional resectoscopy in some studies, whereas others did not find significant differences. Despite the availability of few randomized controlled trials and the cost of the instrument, according to our systematic review, the use of HTRs seems to be a feasible surgical option in terms of operative time and complications. Nevertheless, the type of SM still remains the biggest challenge: type 0 and 1 SMs are easier to manage with respect to type 2, reflecting what already is known for the “classic” hysteroscopic myomectomy.
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Lamberts, Steven W. J. "Non-pituitary actions of somatostatin. A review on the therapeutic role of SMS 201-995 (sandostatin)." Acta Endocrinologica 113, no. 2_Suppla (August 1986): S41—S55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.111s0041.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Natural Somatostatin has a short half-life (3 min), is only active after intravenous administration and causes a rebound hypersecretion of hormones after discontinuation of administration. Recently a longacting powerful Somatostatin analog was developed (SMS 201-995; Sandostatin) which has a half-life of 113 min after subcutaneous administration. After administration of this analog no rebound hypersecretion of hormones was observed. In the present review the effects of the acute administration and of long-term treatment with SMS 201-995 in acromegalic patients is discussed. In addition the potential role of therapy with Somatostatin analogs and the preliminary effects of Somatostatin and/or SMS 201-995 are discussed in disorders of gastro-intestinal function (haemorrhages, diarrhoea, pancreatitis and endocrine pancreatic tumours), diabetes mellitus, central nervous system disturbances and oncology. Finally, several aspects of the tolerance, tachyphylaxis and side effects of SMS 201-995 are discussed.
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Lefsrud, Lianne, Renato Macciotta, and Anne Nkoro. "Performance-based regulations for safety management systems in the Canadian railway industry: an analytical discussion." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 3 (March 2020): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0513.
Full textAbstract:
The Canadian Railway Safety Act regulations require that railways implement safety management systems (SMS). The intent of this requirement was to promote companies’ safety culture, better management of safety risks, and demonstration of compliance with rules and engineering standards in day-to-day operations, while also reflecting on their processes and becoming more innovative. Yet, the railway disaster at Lac Mégantic in 2013 — which claimed 47 lives — demonstrated that SMS have been applied unevenly by railroads. A Canadian Pacific railroad derailment on 3 February 2019 with strikingly similar circumstances — which claimed 3 lives — demonstrates that these safety issues persist. In this article, we discuss and propose the adaptation of enhanced SMS implementation, within clearer performance-based regulation and risk management methods. We draw from other jurisdictions and research to demonstrate how this would encourage continuous improvement and innovation by railway operators and in concert with partners and relevant stakeholders.
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Julianto, Coto, and Julpri Andika. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengendali Lacak Posisi Sepeda Motor." Jurnal Teknologi Elektro 10, no. 1 (December 7, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jte.v10i1.007.
Full textAbstract:
Pengguna sepeda motor di Indonesia khususnya DKI Jakarta mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Minimnya sistem keamanan pada sepeda motor memberikan celah bagi pencuri untuk melakukan tindak pencurian, hali ini sangat meresahkan sehingga perlu adanya sebuah alat untuk mencegah terjadinya pencurian kendaraan yang akan datang. Rancang Bangun Pengendali GPS Tracker Pada Sepeda Motor Berbasis SIM800L, GPS Neo 6M dan Arduino Nano memiliki dua fitur keamanan peringatan dini mencegah pembobolan kunci kontak sepeda motor dan GPS tracker mengetahui titik kordinat, kecepatan dan ketinggian dari alat yang dipasang pada sepeda motor, selain dua fitur diatas alat pengendali GPS juga dapat melakukan starter mesin dan klakson dari jarak jauh dengan mengirimkan SMS. GPS Ublox Neo 6M memiliki akurasi titik kordinat 2-3 meter dari posisi yang sebenarnya, dapat diatasi dengan pengendalian alarm jarak jauh. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu dapat mengetahui posisi sepeda motor hanya dengan mengirim kan SMS. Selain itu peringatan dini dapat bekerja dapat menyalakan alarm serta mengirim SMS pemberitahuan ketika terjadi pembobolan kunci kontak sepeda motor. Starter mesin dan klakson dapat bekerja dari jarak jauh, waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk pengiriman SMS rata-rata 5 detik, kecepatan pengiriman SMS juga berpengaruh terhadap jaringan diarea setempat.