Academic literature on the topic 'Smuggling on sea'

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Journal articles on the topic "Smuggling on sea"

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Dahari, Rafidah, Nor Azizan Idris, and Zarina Othman. "Influencing External Factors for Small Arms Light Weapon Smuggling at Malaysia-Thailand Border." Asian Social Science 15, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n3p14.

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End of the Cold War had contributed to the plentitude of firearms within the Southeast Asia region which led to the increase of small arms and light weapon (SALW) smuggling activity. For decades till today, most countries in this region continue to face internal armed conflicts. Malaysia strategic location, situated at the world’s busiest sea lane trades had resulted in rampant cross border crime of SALW smuggling activities. Malaysia’s strict firearms law disallows the possession of SALW without a license. In spite of such strict SALW legislations, these smugglings continues. What are the factors that contribute to the increase of SALW smuggling into Malaysia? The main objective of this article is to scrutinise the external factors that promote the increase of SALW smuggling into Malaysia. This study employs a qualitative method with primary data obtained through preliminary and formal interviews with Malaysian and Thailand security agencies, crime desk journalist, non-governmental organizations, smugglers, former separatist member, former Thai residents, informers and prisoners of SALW related. Whilst secondary data was acquired via credible research. The study found that the national factors and non-national factors have influenced the increase of SALW smuggling into Malaysia.
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Huseyn Nasirli, Narmin. "INTERNATIONAL ASPECT OF COMBATING THE CRIME OF MIGRANT SMUGGLING BY SEA." SCIENTIFIC WORK 52, no. 03 (February 28, 2020): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/aem/2007-2020/52/89-93.

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Elserafy, J. Shadi. "The Smuggling of Migrants across the Mediterranean Sea." East European Yearbook on Human Rights 2, no. 1 (October 2019): 94–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/eeyhr/258977642019002001005.

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Haryaningsih, Sri. "Implementation of Jagoi Babang Cross-Border Postal Policy in Arrangement of Cross-Border Trading Between Indonesia-Malaysia." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(157).

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Border areas, whether land or sea, are vunerable smuggling activities, such as changing territorial boundaries, smuggling of basic necessities, illegal labour, smuggling drugs, smuggling vehicles and so on. These goods entered Indonesian territory through the Jagoi Babang land border illegally, so they are known as smuggling crime. Based on data Customs and Excise Supervision Service Official (KPPBC) Type Madya Pabean B Pontianak that on 2019 there have been 338 cases of smuggling in the land border area Jagoi Babang, Bengkayang Regency. The smuggling crime committed by unscrupulous members of the community area of Jagoi Babang can actually be subject to criminal sanctions to accordance with the provisions of Law Number 17/ 2006 concerning Amendments to Law Number 10/1995 concerning Customs, but in reality none the perpetrator of the smuggling crime is subject to criminal sanctions. The research approach used is qualitative, using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) supported by interviews with the theoretical approach to the policy implementation model of Donald Van Meter and Carl Van Horn (1975: 75). Research results, it can be seen that the implementation of cross-border trade policies has not been carried out optimally. Among them, the smuggling is increasing in various forms, both physically and administratively. Keywords: Policy Implementation, cross border trading, smuggling
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Pullat, Raimo, and Risto Pullat. "The Vodka Sea: Comparative History of Spirits Smuggling in the Baltic Sea." Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 13, no. 1 (May 2012): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14043858.2012.670471.

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Prayuda, Rendi, Tulus Warsito, and Surwandono Surwandono. "Narcotics Smuggling Routes in the Southeast Asia Region (Case Study in the Riau Province, Indonesia)." Security Dimensions 30, no. 30 (June 28, 2019): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7799.

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Purpose: This paper describes narcotics smuggling routes in the Southeast Asia region, with a special focus on the case of the Riau Province, Indonesia). Southeast Asia occupies the area of 4,4 million square kilometers. The populations of ASEAN has increased from 563.7 million in 2006 to 631.8 million in 2015 at a rate of 1,14% per annum. The population growth in Southeast Asia has impacted the increased use of drugs. The Golden Triangle, i.e. the territory where the borders of Myanmar, Laos and Thailand meet, is a hub for narcotics smuggling. Riau Province is one of gates for narcotics smuggling from other states in Southeast Asia to Indonesia. Method: The paper uses qualitative methods with accompanying descriptions. The theories applied in this paper are realism approach together with international security concept, human security, and narcotics smuggling. Findings: Narcotics smuggling routes in the Riau Province, Indonesia run along unofficial port lines along the coastline. Some regencies that participate in narcotic smuggling are Bengkalis, Dumai, Meranti, Rokan Hilir and Indragiri Hilir Regency. Narcotics smugglers use sea lanes and fishing boats, and act at night to trick patrol officers in the border region.
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Sfyridis, A., T. Cheng, and M. Vespe. "DETECTING VESSELS CARRYING MIGRANTS USING MACHINE LEARNING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W2 (October 19, 2017): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w2-53-2017.

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Political instability, conflicts and inequalities result into significant flows of people worldwide, moving to different countries in search of a better life, safety or to be reunited with their families. Irregular crossings into Europe via sea routes, despite not being new, have recently increased together with the loss of lives of people in the attempt to reach EU shores. This highlights the need to find ways to improve the understanding of what is happening at sea. This paper, intends to expand the knowledge available on practices among smugglers and contribute to early warning and maritime situational awareness. By identifying smuggling techniques and based on anomaly detection methods, behaviours of interest are modelled and one class support vector machines are used to classify unlabelled data and detect potential smuggling vessels. Nine vessels are identified as potentially carrying irregular migrants and refugees. Though, further inspection of the results highlights possible misclassifications caused by data gaps and limited knowledge on smuggling tactics. Accepted classifications are considered subject to further investigation by the authorities.
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SCHLOENHARDT, Andreas, and Hamish MACDONALD. "Barriers to Ratification of the United Nations Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants." Asian Journal of International Law 7, no. 1 (October 28, 2015): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2044251315000211.

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AbstractThe United Nations Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air sets out an ambitious international approach to prevent and combat the smuggling of migrants. Although the Protocol has found widespread adoption worldwide, many countries have not—or not yet—signed and ratified the Protocol. Many critics argue that the Protocol promotes the views of rich, developed destination countries and offers little incentives for developing countries of origin to support the Protocol. This paper examines the reasons why some countries choose not to ratify the Protocol. The paper sheds light on the common concerns and characteristics of the forty-five non-Party States in order to pave the way for wider adoption of the Protocol and for more concerted efforts to combat the smuggling of migrants worldwide.
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Prayuda, Rendi. "Kejahatan Transnasional Terorganisir di Wilayah Perbatasan: Studi Modus Operandi Penyelundupan Narkotika Riau dan Malaysia." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.9.1.34-47.2020.

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The transformation of issues in international politics has led to a shift from traditional security issues (war and military) to non-traditional security issues (human security). One form of non-traditional security threat is the transnational crime activity of narcotics smuggling in Southeast Asia. The Southeast Asian region has an area of around 4.4 million KM2 and is known as the "Golden Triangle" narcotics production area on the border of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar. One of the destination countries for smuggling narcotics in the Southeast Asian region is Indonesia and Riau Province is one of the gateways for the illegal entry of narcotics from other countries, especially Malaysia. This paper aims to analyze the modus operandi of transnational crime in narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Riau and Malaysia. This paper uses a qualitative method using interviews with research informants. The results of this study indicate that the modus operandi of narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Indonesia and Malaysia is carried out by sea along the coastline of the border provinces of Riau and Malaysia. Narcotics are neatly wrapped and installed GPS devices then smuggled at night by using the services of fishermen as a courier. This seawater smuggling route was chosen due to several factors, namely: the proximity of the territorial waters, the number of unofficial or illegal ports, the lack of surveillance patrols along the water area and the professionalism of law enforcement officers in the border region. The transformation of issues in international politics has led to a shift from traditional security issues (war and military) to non-traditional security issues (human security). One form of non-traditional security threat is the transnational crime activity of narcotics smuggling in Southeast Asia. The Southeast Asian region has an area of around 4.4 million KM2 and is known as the "Golden Triangle" narcotics production area on the border of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar. One of the destination countries for smuggling narcotics in the Southeast Asian region is Indonesia and Riau Province is one of the gateways for the illegal entry of narcotics from other countries, especially Malaysia. This paper aims to analyze the modus operandi of transnational crime in narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Riau and Malaysia. This paper uses a qualitative method using interviews with research informants. The results of this study indicate that the modus operandi of narcotics smuggling in the border regions of Indonesia and Malaysia is carried out by sea along the coastline of the border provinces of Riau and Malaysia. Narcotics are neatly wrapped and installed GPS devices then smuggled at night by using the services of fishermen as a courier. This seawater smuggling route was chosen due to several factors, namely: the proximity of the territorial waters, the number of unofficial or illegal ports, the lack of surveillance patrols along the water area and the professionalism of law enforcement officers in the border region.
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Anggoro, Rully Tri. "EFFECT OF OPERATING PATTERNS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN THE SEA." JOURNAL ASRO 10, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v10i3.175.

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Indonesian Navy as a Security Task Force at Sea tasked with arranging marine security operations seeks to reduce the crime rate at sea. However, in carrying out marine operations there are still many illegal fishing, illegal logging, pollution, narcotics smuggling, piracy, people smuggling and sea accidents at various points in the sea. Koarmada II. Koarmada II in supporting the demand for operations that are under the command of its control, will be adjusted to the readiness of the existing elements, because not all elements below are in a condition ready for operation, there are several elements that must carry out maintenance and repair. Therefore we need the right operating pattern strategy in increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement at sea. The purpose of this research is to find out the right Indonesian Navy Operation Pattern in increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement at sea and the effect of the Operational Pattern on the effectiveness of sea law enforcement carried out by Indonesian Navy. Using the multiple regression analysis method, the results show that the Indonesian Navy Operational Pattern consisting of Patrol Operation Pattern (X1), Standby Operating Pattern (X2) and Air Maritime Patrol Operation Pattern (X3) has a real influence on the effectiveness of law enforcement at sea (Y ). The Air Maritime Patrol Operation Pattern (X3) has the greatest coefficient in influencing the Effectiveness Level of law enforcement at sea due to the use of the Air Maritime Patrol Operation Pattern so that it can explore the area very efficiently and effectively, thereby increasing opportunities to find violations of Law at sea.Keywords: Operational Patterns, Effectiveness of Law Enforcement, Multiple Regression analysis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Smuggling on sea"

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Mathew, Johan. "Margins of the Market: Trafficking and the Framing of Free Trade in the Arabian Sea, 1870s to 1960s." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10535.

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My dissertation traces how the interplay of trafficking and regulation shaped free trade in the Arabian Sea. It explores trafficking in the littoral region stretching from western India to the Swahili Coast, as it evolved under colonial regulation. British officials wanted commercial practices in the Arabian Sea to conform to their perception of free trade, but their dedication to laissez-faire policies prevented them from intervening directly in trade. But smuggling provided the perfect justification for intervention. Colonial regulation focused on four illicit arenas that structured free trade: labor, security, finance and transportation. The suppression of the slave trade would produce wage labor. The suppression of the arms traffic would eliminate violence from trade. The regulation of currency arbitrage would create a stable monetary standard. Finally, the regulation of shipping would develop a transportation system which could incorporate distance into the calculation of price. Yet these regulatory efforts were frustrated by merchant networks which exploited the gaps in the enforcement of these regulations. Merchants co-opted regulators, circumvented regulations and evaded policing in order to structure transactions to their own advantage. Thus my dissertation demonstrates how free trade in the Arabian Sea was framed through this intricate interplay of trafficking and regulation.
History
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Ali, Abdelnaser S. Mohamed. "Smuggling of migrants in international law : a critical analysis of the protocol against the smuggling of migrants by land, sea and air, supplementing the United Nations convention against transnational organised crime." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28748.

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This thesis investigates whether the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants contains the necessary rules to fulfil its principal purposes—namely, to combat and prevent migrant smuggling and to protect the rights of smuggled migrants. To that end, the thesis examines the rules of the Protocol that regulate the legal definition of the smuggling of migrants, the legal features of smuggling organisations, the obligations and rights of States parties, and finally the rights of smuggled migrants. This thesis uses the legal doctrinal approach, and in doing so critically examines the interpretations of the Protocol provided by primary and secondary sources. This thesis finds that the Protocol fails to provide a clear and comprehensive framework of rules capable of effectively achieving its purposes. It argues that there are deficiencies within the existing rules of the Protocol that address the legal issues aforementioned. The thesis proposes a number of amendments that can address these deficiencies. One of the key contributions of this work is the provision of a guide for States on how to interpret and implement the rules of the Protocol. Furthermore, it assists the international community – in particular the Conference of the Parties – in improving and strengthening the rules of the Protocol to ensure the combating of migrant smuggling and the protection of the rights of smuggled migrants.
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Diakite, Aboubakar. "Commerce informel des hydrocarbures au Bénin." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG043.

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D’abord sur une échelle réduite puis sur une large échelle la contrebande du kpayo, essence et produits pétroliers occupent aujourd’hui un nombre de plus en plus grand de vendeurs, on estime que 100 000 personnes sont impliquées dans ce trafic du Nigeria au Bénin. Il revêt plusieurs aspects selon qu’il emprunte la route maritime, le fleuve ou la route. Ce transport génère un grand nombre de petits métiers que nous évoquons dans la thèse qu’il s’agisse d’apporter les bidons sur la plage, de transformer les scooters ou les camions. Plus que tout, cette activité suppose aussi un réseau souvent d’origine familiale, mais aussi des accointances avec du personnel des emplois régaliens de la République. Les recherches empiriques réalisées sur des territoires aussi variés et circonscrits que peuvent l’être une station-service, un village lacustre, un marché frontalier, un débarcadère, un entrepôt ont permis d’appréhender les conditions d’approvisionnement des contrebandiers, identifier les modalités d’acheminement des produits pétroliers vers le Bénin, saisir les stratégies de contournement des contrebandiers et les risques encourus tout au long de leur trajet, examiner les interactions entre les transporteurs et les forces de l’ordre à l’occasion du passage des barrières de contrôle, apprécier l’animation des marchés et enfin cerner le rôle des différents acteurs en présence. L’analyse des réseaux marchands, des parcours biographiques, des stratégies d’acteurs, des logiques d’accumulation et des rapports de l’économie informelle à la loi situe cette recherche au croisement de l’anthropologie économique, de la géographie du commerce, de la sociologie de la précarité, et de la sociologie politique
First of all on a small scale, then further along, on a much larger scale, the kpayo trade which means smuggling of gas and other oil products from Nigeria to Bénin, depend on almost 100 000 persons living on this sale activity. This trade might be quite different if gas transported by means of ships on the sea, by the river, or by scooters or trucks on the road. This kind of informal trade gives way to different kinds of odd jobs we mention in the PHD: bringing the jerrycans to the beach, reshaping scooters and trucks in a garage. Most of all this illicit activity needs some kind of a kinship network and political pull among the police and customs officers of the Republic. Empirical research has been done in different fields such as a gas station, a seaside village, a market on the country border, a landing stage, a warehouse, it led to the comprehension of the way smugglers are supplied. I was thus able to understand the process by which gas was transported from Nigeria to the Republic of Bénin, and see all the byways the smugglers are used to take, and the risks taken all along the journey. I examined the interaction process between the racketeers and the police when they passed a checkpoint; see how the markets were busy, and last managed to see how the the different roles of subjects interact. The racketeers networks analysis, life stories, different action strategies, the way they accumulate and the study of informal economy related to law contribute in this PhD to an essay in economic- anthropology with geographic standpoints, and a sociological analysis of precarious lives and Big Shots
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Minko, Mi Nze Igor Kevin. "L'intervention du Conseil de sécurité en matière de sécurité maritime." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR140.

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Les espaces maritimes font l’objet de nombreuses atteintes qui mettent en péril leur sécurité. Les faits illicites des États d’une part, et l’accroissement de la criminalité d’autre part, sont de nature à faire peser des risques dommageables importants pour la sécurité de la navigation, du milieu marin et des utilisateurs de la mer. Le Chapitre VII de la Charte des Nations Unies, qui n’a pas en principe pour vocation la protection de la sécurité maritime, est régulièrement mis en oeuvre par le Conseil de sécurité en mer au cours de ses missions de maintien de la paix. A cet effet, il arrive parfois qu’il participe indirectement par ricochet à la protection des espaces maritimes contre les faits illicites des États à cette occasion. Au cours de cette dernière décennie le Conseil de sécurité utilise également le Chapitre VII pour directement protéger les espaces maritimes contre les actes de criminalité qui s’y produisent. Il se dégage ainsi une pratique ambivalente du Conseil de sécurité de mise à disposition du Chapitre VII au service de la sécurité maritime qui est révélatrice d’une contribution du droit de la sécurité collective à la consolidation du droit de la mer
Maritime areas are subject to many violations that represent real threats to them. Wrongful Acts of States on the one hand, and the increasing number of crimes on the other hand, contribute to endanger the safety of the navigational system, but also of the marine environment and of the sea users. Although, its main purpose is not to take care of the maritime security, the Chapter VII from the Charter of the United Nations is often used by the Security Council, when they implement peace-keeping missions.Therefore, it can sometimes indirectly participate and protect maritime areas from the wrongful acts committed by some States. During the last ten years, the Security Council has also resorted to Chapter VII in order to protect the maritime areas from the criminal acts that take place there. The impression which emerges from this is that of an ambivalent policy, which is indicative of the collective security’s contribution to the Law of the Sea
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HSIEH, SHIH-LI, and 謝石立. "Research on Drug Prevention Smuggling Strategies at Sea in Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5v8exv.

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碩士
國立高雄科技大學
海洋事務與產業管理研究所
107
Taiwan is surrounded by the sea, and it is bound to face the problem smuggling drugs at sea. People seldom notice the negative impact of smuggling crimes at sea on Taiwan’s development. The government is currently equipped with patrol and inspection as management on the site by the coast and at the port. However, the model of smuggling crimes is evolving. For Taiwan, an island-based country, to study smuggling crimes of drugs at sea is obviously important. In addition to analyzing the current situation of smuggling crimes in Taiwan, this study was structured according to the results of the reference and was divided into two parts. One is the etiology, that is the analysis of the causes of smuggling crimes at sea, including the background and growth process of smugglers, values, and smuggling motives. The other is that policy implications are also included in the analysis. In-depth analysis of smuggling crime models, such as the target and pipeline of smuggling, sources, profits, routes, behavior preparation and history, contact methods and terminology, smuggling division, and the relationship between groups are included in the study. By in-depth analysis of the smuggling model at sea, we can understand the strategy of preventing smuggling of drugs at sea. The research method is mainly qualitative interview, and the sample of the law enforcement participants of the interviewee is taken from the maritime smuggling investigation ruling authority. In order to distinguish the system, the area and the level of the investigation, the interviewees include the maritime, shore patrol and investigation units from the high-level to the grassroots level.
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Hsieh, Wen-Chung, and 謝文忠. "A study on the model of smuggling by sea in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35008896280318630177.

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博士
國立中正大學
犯罪防治研究所
100
Local maritime smuggling researches for island state like Taiwan are critically important. People might not aware how the maritime smuggling can affect the development of our daily life. However, with the ever-changing of smuggling models, our country have put great efforts on crime prevention deployments and mechanisms , such as constantly and island-widely setting up varies coast guard checkpoints and coastal crime crackdowns. Through a selective analysis of smuggling researchers both in Taiwan and other countries, this study finds that smuggling activities vary geographically and spatially with the changes of factors such as supply-and-need, maritime policies, law-enforcements, etc. This study referring to the present studies seeks to contribute to maritime smuggling in two main aspects. The first contribution is to etiology. Factors derives from differential association theory and rational choice theory are examined including the personal and family demographic characteristics, life courses, significant others, personal value, motivations of smugglers and moreover maritime policies. The second contribution is to analyze models of smuggling by sea, including interviewee's views on target, channel, benefit, route, preparation, processing, liaison, jargon, trafficking, work division, and the relationship of smuggling rings. In-depth interviews with 11 convicted smugglers and 12 law-enforcers are conducted concurrently to explore local criminal model of smuggling. On the contrary to those 11 area-stratified inmate samples, 12 law-enforcers are chosen purposively from either coastal patrol or maritime patrol officers who are directly in charge of smuggling investigation or management. The research finds that most of the convicted smugglers drop out of school or did not make to high school. They tend to have their first contact with other crimes between their 20's to 30's. Smugglers' school performances are influenced by their family of origin where they exposed to deviant behaviors. Moreover, close family members or peer group often play a contributing factor as to smugglers' early criminal experience. One hardly smuggle successfully without relevant experiences. Therefore, fully preparation and elaborate plan including potential buyers, work divisions in every stage, trafficking, vehicles, and logistics is necessary. Smuggling by sea tends to form a specialized and job-oriented organization to facilitate a chain of plan, liaison, receiving, trafficking, delivering. It's also not uncommon to see labor-division or cooperation between different smuggling rings. Smugglers rationally analyze information to choose safer ways to avoid capture, especially for their leaders. It is supportive of Differential Association Theory in that interviewees show their bonds to close friends, family and neighbors, which increase criminal tendencies and weaken law-abiding willingness. Smugglers highly value the news and information about official suppression of related crimes. Findings also coincide Rational Choice Theory of Crime on choosing less punitive but high return-on-investment crimes such as narcotics smuggling. Criminal policies such as short-term imprisonment penalty or belated punishment undermine society's crime deterrence. On the contrary, smuggle raid's long-term effect can't be proved. Finally, different life philosophy and criminal policy relate to different target of smuggling. Suggestions are discussed in three dimensions. Firstly, law-enforcers could make good use of cross-country legal assistance, broaden intelligence resource and strengthen crime-fighting professional in investigation and high-tech equipment to reduce smuggling. Secondly, our government could revise laws according to specific catalog of smuggling and eliminate tariffs to some smuggling targets. Thirdly, convicted smugglers need personalized correctional treatment in institution and job counseling after institution. Besides, government need to assistant fishery villages and industry to transform, because a good economical condition can help reducing incentive to crime. This study also highly recommend joint efforts from both practical and academic experts to enhance crime research vitality and practicability, and even further make Taiwan an model of smuggling research and prevention.
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Yu, Chen-Wei, and 余振維. "To investigate the factors of smuggling by sea -Inspection Unit and smugglers of views." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rg5nz5.

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碩士
義守大學
資訊管理學系
105
Due to the waters have surrounding Taiwan. According to national maritime policies and democracies procedures, the shores of Taiwan have been turning from secured to opening, as a result built an enforcement agency what focus on maritime affairs, Taiwan coast guard administration (TCGA). As start as maritime policies, in seriously, the smuggling and illegal entry/exit both are main issues of criminal behavior, and noticed ordinarily. There are lots of easons,not only occurring commonly but also involved cross strait as well as national affair. In further these reasons had occurred many disputes within national sovereignty,humanism, national security and trading policies. As a researcher of this study who has been servicing in TCGA, knowledgeable on module of smuggling cigarette and mushroom, however, still do not understanding module and technic deeply, behavior of smuggling. So that the issues of smuggle are worthy to argued and discussed. In this essay lay out of views corresponding with detective and smuggler, approaching to benefit of opinions for inspect unites. Thus,utilize the method of collected, literature review, statistics, and computer analysis, depth interview and empirical analysis, in order to find out a result that to prevent smuggling and enhance inspection approaches. As a result, there are level relationships connectively in smuggling behaviour,which involved smuggler of background and module as well as justice. Most of smugglers have lower education, they did not agree that smuggle is behavior of crime, it is a kind of occupation that a technique to earn revenue. There are deeply effecting to country, such as tax income, financial, security and economic, however, the birth of smuggle is an outcome market demanding.
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Shie, Han-Ching, and 謝漢卿. "THE RESEARCH REGARDING THE R.O.C. REGULATIONS OF SMUGGLING AND ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT OVER THE SEA." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26002331485450165932.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
海洋法律研究所
92
Amid the laws and regulations currently implemented in Taiwan against sea smuggling activities, the most important ones are: Regulation for Suppression of Smuggling, Measures of Anti-Smuggling at the Customs, Guidelines for Tobacco & Alcohol Management, Regulation for Relationship of Taiwan Residents and Mainland China Residents, and Regulation for Development of Fisheries. No explicit definitions, however, are found in Regulation for Suppression of Smuggling as to what constitutes smuggling. Despite that the coast guards are authorized to investigate into smuggling as described in the Coast Guarding Regulation, the exact interpretations of illegally importing or exporting goods as well as what specific activities would incur punishment should be clarified or properly interpreted before the regulations against smuggling activities can exert assured efficacy. Moreover, in order to restrain the undertaking of illegal trading activities that occur on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, more attention should be paid to the Regulation for Relationship of Taiwanese Residents and Mainland China Residents. For the newly implemented Guidelines for Tobacco and Alcohol Management, an anti-smuggling regulation is required. Regulations regarding shipmen and fishing vessels involved with smuggling should be reviewed as well. The purpose of this research is to examine the efficacy of above-mentioned regulations and laws against smuggling as well as to provide suggestions for carrying out a more effective legal system. With regard to Taiwan’s current regulations and laws for entering and exiting the country by sea, the well-known ones include: National Security Law, Entry/Exit Control and Immigration Laws, Regulation for Relationship between Taiwan Residents and Mainland China Residents, Regulation for Construction of offshore Islets of Taiwan, Regulation for Development of Fisheries. Additionally, in Regulation Regarding Taiwan’s Territorial Waters And Its Neighboring Areas, policies have also been made to regulate people who enter and exit the country by sea. As specified in Coast Guarding Regulation, the coast guards are authorized to investigate into people or vessels that enter or exit the country illegally. However, to avoid possible confusion, the definition of “territory” should be clarified and examined to decide whether it matches the international perceptions of such meaning. As to the special delimitation of “waters” (i.e. restricted waters and prohibited waters) between Taiwan and Mainland China, more research needs to be conducted for a better control of entry and exit by sea. More law-related issues are involved with Taiwan's Jinmen and Matsu due to the fact they are surrounded by the restricted waters and prohibited waters, and above all, the establishment of "small three links" between these two areas and China's Fujian Province. According to Item 3, Clause 1, Article 4 in Coast Guarding Regulation, it is coast guards’ responsibilities to crack down on smuggling that takes place on waters, coasts, estuaries and non-commercial purposed shores as well as to curb people from illegally entering and exiting the country. However, to clarify the dubious interpretations of coast guards’ job description specified in Coast Guarding Regulation regarding their jurisdiction over the internal high seas, more research is required for concrete policies. Definitions of other regulations—such as the border inspection, the authority of border inspection executive units, the relations between these units, the nature and necessity of border inspection, measures of cracking down smuggling and entry/exit control—should be re-examined and re-evaluated in order to establish a more complete anti-smuggling system.
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Books on the topic "Smuggling on sea"

1

Gower, Iris. Sea witch. Thorndike, Me: G.K. Hall, 1999.

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Fiona, Houston, Wood W. Duncan, Robinson Derek M, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Public Diplomacy Division, eds. Black Sea security: International cooperation and counter-trafficking in the Black Sea region. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2010.

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Elusive pirates, pervasive smugglers: Violence and clandestine trade in the Greater China Seas. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2010.

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Mhurchadha, Maighréad Ní. The customs and excise service in Fingal, 1684-1765: Sober, active, and bred to the sea. Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 1999.

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Migrant smuggling by sea: Combating a current threat to maritime security through the creation of a cooperative framework. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2010.

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Shni͡ukov, E. F. Piraty Chernogo mori͡a. Kiev: Nat͡sionalʹnai͡a akademii͡a nauk Ukrainy, T͡Sentr. nauchno-prirodovedcheskiĭ muzeĭ, 1995.

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Merriam, John. The last voyage of the S.S. Producer. Seattle, WA: University Book Store Press, 2013.

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In the sea there are crocodiles: The story of Enaiatollah Akbari. Oxford: David Fickling, 2011.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. Protocol against the smuggling of migrants by land, sea air, supplementing the United Nations Convention against transnational organized crime: New York, 15 November 2000. Norwich: TSO, 2004.

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Pugwash the smuggler. London: Frances Lincoln Children's, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Smuggling on sea"

1

Bruwer, Carina. "Smuggling and Trafficking of Illicit Goods by Sea." In Global Challenges in Maritime Security, 49–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34630-0_4.

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Lutterbeck, Derek. "Across the Desert, Across the Sea: Migrant Smuggling into and from Libya." In Migration, Security, and Citizenship in the Middle East, 137–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137345417_7.

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Mathew, Johan. "Gilding the Waves: Gold Smuggling and Monetary Policies Around the Arabian Sea, 1939–1967." In Currencies of the Indian Ocean World, 165–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20973-5_8.

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Janes, Derek. "‘…Of Which a Contraband Trade Makes the Basis of their Profit’: Tea Smuggling in the North Sea c. 1750–1780." In The New Coastal History, 269–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64090-7_16.

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Sim, Y. H. Teddy. "Iberians in the Adjacent Seas: A Survey of Their Piratical and Smuggling Activities in Relation to War and the Political Economy of the South China Sea." In Piracy and surreptitious activities in the Malay Archipelago and adjacent seas, 1600-1840, 141–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-085-8_8.

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"ELEVEN. Trading and Smuggling." In In a Sea of Bitterness, 261–84. Harvard University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674062986.c11.

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"Chapter One. Introduction." In Migrant Smuggling by Sea, 1–4. Brill | Nijhoff, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004182097.i-258.11.

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"Chapter Two. Factual Background." In Migrant Smuggling by Sea, 5–15. Brill | Nijhoff, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004182097.i-258.12.

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"Chapter Three. Pursuing State Interests: The Exercise Of Maritime Enforcement Jurisdiction." In Migrant Smuggling by Sea, 17–26. Brill | Nijhoff, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004182097.i-258.18.

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"Preliminary Material." In Migrant Smuggling by Sea, i—xlv. Brill | Nijhoff, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004182097.i-258.2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Smuggling on sea"

1

Sinichenko, Vladimir, and Galina Tokarevа. "Тhe Growth of Smuggling of Excise Goods in the Eastern Russian Empire in the Early 20th Century." In Irkutsk Historical and Economic Yearbook 2020. Baikal State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/978-5-7253-3017-5.14.

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Abstract:
The article states that after the introduction of customs in the Russian Far East in the late XIX century the growth of smuggling along the land and sea border in the Russian Far East began. Alcohol was the main smuggling commodity. For the production and subsequent smuggling of alcohol in the territory of North-East China — Manchuria, factories were created, which produced alcoholic products supplied both in Transbaikalia, and Priamurye and Primorye. A major role in countering smuggling was played by the ranks of the Korchem guards, who not only identified small smugglers — Chinese and Kazacks, but also detained representatives of Manchurian alcohol factories together with Russian police officers.
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Nilsuwankosit, Sunchai. "Report on Feasibility Study for Radiation Alarming Data Collection From Containers at Laem Cha Bang International Sea Port, Thailand." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67908.

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During the period of late-August 2015 to early-October 2015, a number of 105 data sets for the radiation alarming events from the containers passing through the “Laem Cha Bang” International Sea Port, Thailand, were collected. These radiation alarming events were for the containers which carried the goods that could be roughly identified as belonging to the following groups: (1) fertilizer, (2) chemicals, (3) plastics, (4) ceramics, (5) grain, feed, agriculture or dairy products (6) wood, rubber or furniture, (7) scrap, mineral or metal, (8) equipment, (9) parts or spare parts, (10) paper and (11) others. Most of the radiation measurements obtained were relatively low and showed no harm to the public and to the environment. Much of this radiation was from the radioactive materials found or occurred naturally and, thus, could be found anywhere. There were concern, however, regarding the possibility of the radioactive contamination or the smuggling of the harmful radioactive or nuclear materials. Further study was required to prepare against and to manage such situations.
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