Relevant bibliographies by topics / Snakebites

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Academic literature on the topic 'Snakebites'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Snakebites"

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Kharusha, Isra K., Suha S. Sulaiman, Ahmad M. Samara, Samah W. Al-Jabi, and Sa’ed H. Zyoud. "Assessment of Knowledge about First Aid Methods, Diagnosis, and Management of Snakebite among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study from Palestine." Emergency Medicine International 2020 (December 16, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815632.

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Background. Snakebite is a serious and important medical emergency encountered in many parts of the world. The estimated number of victims of venomous snakebites in Palestine is about 100 to 150 annually, with death occurring in 2 to 3 of them. This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge on the diagnosis and management of snakebites among nursing students in Palestine, as well as their attitude towards snakebites. Methods. This was a cross-sectional survey that took place at An-Najah National University. Two hundred nursing students were asked to fill a questionnaire that was developed to assess the participants' knowledge and attitude regarding snakebite's diagnosis and management. Different knowledge scores were calculated, and the relationships between students' knowledge and their characteristics were calculated by implementing the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. The statistical significance limit of p values was set at 0.05. Results. The majority of the participants (57%) were fourth-year students with an average age of 20.7 ± 1. Areas of knowledge and the participants’ mean scores on them were as follows: Vipera palaestinae snake, 5.1/13; signs and symptoms, 9.6/16; laboratory investigations, 6.1/10; anti-venom, 4.2/11; and first aid, 6.6/15. The only statistically significant differences in knowledge were between male and female students on Vipera palaestinae (male students scored higher, p value = 0.004) and between different types of residence (village dwellers scored the highest, p value = 0.041). Conclusions. We found knowledge gaps in many aspects of snakebite’s diagnosis and management among nursing students in Palestine. Based on the results of this study, we suggest integrating more materials on this topic in the curriculum of Palestinian nursing schools, as well as more practical training, which will positively reflect on the care for snakebite victims.
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Pandey, Deb P. "News Media Coverage of Snakebite Incidence in Nepal during 2010–2022." Advances in Clinical Toxicology 8, no. 4 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/act-16000285.

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Background: Despite snakebite being a medical emergency, it is still a neglected health issue in Nepal. Further, there exists gap of knowledge on snakebite epidemiology. Therefore, an analysis of incidence of snakebites reported in news is essential to understand snakebite epidemiology in Nepal and fill up existing knowledge gap in some extent. Objectives: We aimed analysing incidence of snakebites reported in the news media to know whether news-based incidence of snakebite is comparable to the similar incidence reported most comprehensively by Nepal Government, know the snakebite distribution patterns across its geo-climatic regions, provinces, and districts, understand supra-annual variations of snakebite incidence, and measure association between incidences of snakebites with the respective districts’ human population density. Methods: We retrospectively searched and analyzed incidence of snakebites reported in news articles published between 2010 and 2022. Using line graphs and plotted maps, we compared the annual patterns of snakebites with the national data of snakebites reported by Department of Health Services of Nepal Government. Further, we used non-parametric inferential statistics to know representativeness of our dataset and association of snakebite incidence with population density of snakebite prone districts. Results: Snakebites were reported from 53 out of 77 districts of Nepal. People inhabiting 50 out of 53 districts were affected by snakebite envenoming (with 11% of collective envenoming rate) that resulted in deaths of people inhabiting 43 districts (with 15% of collective case fatality rate). The most of envenomings and deaths occurred in the lowlands of Nepal along the northern border of India. We deemed at least 10,339 snakebites, 2,113 envenomings, and 101 deaths annually in Nepal. Conclusions: The incidences of snakebites were high in flood affected areas, terai regions as well as some districts in the hills and mountains. Therefore, improvement of the snakebite risk map released by Nepal Government is essential to ensure prevention and control of snakebite envenoming in these high affected areas. Inclusion of urban areas in terai regions of this country is essential while designing the next more representative community-based study
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Jadhav, Dhanashree, Vivek Pakhmode, AV Resham, Snehal Ingole, and Sanpreet Singh Sachdev. "Fanged encounter: A case report of snakebite on the tongue." Southeast Asian Journal of Case Report and Review 10, no. 4 (November 15, 2023): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.sajcrr.2023.020.

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Snakebites are uncommon but potentially life-threatening events that can result in a range of clinical manifestations, often dependent on factors such as the snake species, venom potency, and bite location. While snakebites affecting limbs and exposed body parts are more frequently encountered, snakebites directly to the tongue represent a rare and intriguing clinical scenario. This case report presents a unique case of snakebite to the tongue, emphasizing the significance of early recognition, appropriate medical intervention, and the need for comprehensive snakebite education, even in regions with low snakebite incidence.
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Jaramillo, Joshua D., Nicholas A. Hakes, Lakshika Tennakoon, David Spain, and Joseph D. Forrester. "The “T’s” of snakebite injury in the USA: fact or fiction?" Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 4, no. 1 (October 2019): e000374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2019-000374.

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BackgroundVenomous snakebites can result in serious morbidity and mortality. In the USA, the “T’s of snakebites” (testosterone, teasing, touching, trucks, tattoos & toothless (poverTy), Texas, tequila, teenagers, and tanks) originate from anecdotes used to colloquially highlight venomous snakebite risk factors. We performed an epidemiologic assessment of venomous snakebites in the USA with the objective of evaluating the validity of the “T’s of snakebites” at a national level.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of the National Emergency Department Sample. Data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 were obtained. All emergency department (ED) encounters corresponding to a venomous snakebite injury were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes. Primary outcomes were mortality and inpatient admission. Demographic, injury, and hospital characteristics were assessed. Data were analyzed according to survey methodology. Weighted values are reported.ResultsIn 2016, 11 138 patients presented to an ED with a venomous snakebite. There were 4173 (37%) persons aged 18 to 44, and 7213 (65%) were male. Most snakebites were reported from the South (n=9079; 82%), although snakebites were reported from every region in the USA. Only 3792 (34%) snakebites occurred in rural counties. Persons in the lowest income quartile by zip code were the most heavily represented (n=4337; 39%). The most common site of injury was the distal upper extremity (n=4884; 44%). Multivariate analysis revealed that species of snake (OR=0.81; 95% CI 0.73 to 0.88) and older age (OR=1.42; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.87) were associated with hospital admission. There were <10 inpatient deaths identified, and no variables were predictive of death.DiscussionSome of the “T’s of snakebites” may be valid colloquial predictors of the risk for venomous snakebites. Based on national data, common demographics of venomous snakebite victims include lower income, Caucasian, and adult men in the South who are bit on the upper extremity. Understanding common demographics of venomous snakebite victims can effectuate targeted public health prevention messaging.Level of evidenceIV.
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Braga da Silva, Tatiane, Johann Aly, Marcelo Figueira, Calleb Mendonça da Gama Araújo, Isadora Karolina Freitas de Sousa, Alexandre Alberto Tonin, Leíse Gomes Fernandes, and Rejane Dos Santos Sousa. "Epidemiological aspects of snakebites in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017." Revista de Patologia Tropical / Journal of Tropical Pathology 50, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/rpt.v50i4.67841.

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This study comprises a retrospective analysis of snakebites in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, from 2007 to 2017. Data were collected from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (NDIS). 17,056 snakebites were recorded in Amazonas between 2007 and 2017. During the study period, the Rio Negro and Tefé micro-regions had the highest accumulated incidence, while small municipalities such as São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Uarini and Alvarães presenting a high incidence rate during the same period. Snakes in the genera Bothrops and Lachesis caused 69.5% and 20.3% snakebites. Snakebites occurred more frequently in the Amazonian winter, between January and April, and most of the snakebite victims (78.6%) were men. The most affected individuals were between 20 and 39 years of age (59.4%). The time elapsed between snakebites and medical assistance varied from one to six hours (51.4%). 7,705 of the snakebite cases, were classified as moderate, 7,328 as mild, and 1,299 as severe. Of the 104 deaths that occurred in the period, Bothrops genus caused the highest mortality (68.3%). The State of Amazonas recorded both high numbers of snakebites in the period 2007-2017 and the time elapsed between snakebite and medical assistance, which may affect the clinical status of patients. KEY WORDS: Bothrops; Lachesis; Amazon; snakes; viperidae
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Menon, Jaideep C., Denny John, Geeta R. Menon, Joseph K. Joseph, P. Rakesh Suseela, and VV Pillay. "Estimating epidemiological and economic burden and community derived disability weights for snake bite in Kerala: a study protocol." F1000Research 10 (March 1, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.50970.1.

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Background: In India, geographical variation, lack of data and underreporting on cases and deaths due to snakebite makes it difficult to estimate socio-economic burden of snakebites. Previous studies measuring economic burden of snakebite in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) using different approaches have been conducted, but none so far in India. The proposed study aims to provide evidence on disability weights, epidemiological and economic burden due to snakebites in Kerala state, India. Protocol: A cross-sectional community based study for estimating epidemiological and economic burden of snakebite, recruiting victims of snakebite occurring over a nine month period prior to start and over the three month period of the study, across Ernakulam district, Kerala state, India. For the community derived disability weights, 60 adult patients admitted and treated at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi or Little Flower Hospital, Angamaly would be interviewed. The sample size to determine the mortality rate is calculated at 108,458 persons in Ernakulam.The study will measure annual incidence, mortality, treatment cost of snakebites along with community-derived disability weights for snakebites. Standard methods for analysis and reporting of mortality, morbidity, years of lives lost, years lived with disability, disability weights, and costs of treatment will be calculated and presented. The study will be started in March 2021 and is expected to be completed by June 2021. Discussion: This protocol is the first published for estimating epidemiological, economic burden and community derived disability weights for snakebites in India. Besides, the Global Burden of Disease has not attached a particular disability weight to snakebite and this would be an attempt to do so.The protocol has been developed using guidelines for both cross-sectional studies and for conducting community derived disability weights. The evidence generated will contribute to knowledge regarding epidemiology, economic burden and community-derived disability weights for snakebites in India and other LMICs.
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Bogati, Sunil, Navin Bhatt, Shristi Nepal, Prakash Nepali, and Sanjib Kumar Sharma. "Snakebite in the Hills and Mountains of Nepal." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 60, no. 256 (November 30, 2022): 1066–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7562.

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Snakebite is an important public health issue around the world. In Nepal, it affects a huge number of people mostly belonging to low-income households who are involved in agriculture. Although snakebite has a serious impact on the Terai population, a few studies suggest that snakebite also occurs frequently in hills and mountains. In the absence of sufficient studies related to snakebites in these geographical regions, it is tough to sketch a true picture and estimate the magnitude of snakebites in those areas. Because of this, the healthcare system is probably not prepared enough to handle the victims of snakebites. This demands a proper study of the burden of the issue in these regions and appropriate initiatives for addressing it.
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Menon, Jaideep C., Denny John, Geeta R. Menon, Joseph K. Joseph, P. Rakesh Suseela, VV Pillay, and Amitava Banerjee. "Estimating epidemiological and economic burden and community derived disability weights for snake bite in Kerala: a study protocol." F1000Research 10 (June 11, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.50970.2.

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Background: In India, lack of data and underreporting of cases and deaths due to snakebite makes it difficult to estimate its socio-economic burden. Previous studies measuring economic burden of snakebite in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) using different approaches have been conducted, but none in India. The proposed study aims to provide evidence on disability weights, epidemiological and economic burden due to snakebites in Kerala state, India. Protocol: The study is a community based cross-sectional study recruiting victims of snakebite occurring over a 12 month period prior to start of the study , across Ernakulam district, Kerala state, India. For the community-derived disability weights,70 adult patients who were treated within a 3 month period prior to commencement of the study at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi or Little Flower Hospital, Angamaly would be interviewed. The study will measure annual incidence, mortality, treatment cost of snakebites along with community-derived disability weights for snakebites in Ernakulam district.. Standard methods for analysis and reporting of mortality, morbidity, Years of Lives Lost (YLL), Years lived with disability (YLD), disability weights, and costs of treatment will be calculated. The study will be started in April 2021 and is expected to be completed by July2021.. Discussion: This protocol is the first published for estimating epidemiological, economic burden and community derived disability weights for snakebites in India. Besides, the Global Burden of Disease has not attached a particular disability weight to snakebite and this would be an attempt to do so. The protocol has been developed using guidelines for cross-sectional studies, cost of illness studies and international guidelines for conducting community derived disability weights. The evidence generated by this study will contribute significantly to knowledge regarding the epidemiology, economic burden and community-derived disability weights for snakebites in India and other countries where incidence of snakebite is high.
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Elmoheen, Amr, Waleed Awad Salem, Mahmoud Haddad, Khalid Bashir, and Stephen H. Thomas. "Experience of Snakebite Envenomation by a Desert Viper in Qatar." Journal of Toxicology 2020 (October 10, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8810741.

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Crotaline and elapid snakebites are reported all over the world as well as in the Middle East and other countries around this region. However, data regarding snakebites and their treatment in Qatar are limited. This review paper is going to investigate the presentation and treatment of snakebite in Qatar. A good assessment helps to decide on the management of the snakebites envenomation. Antivenom and conservative management are the mainstays of treatment for crotaline snakebite. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has been suggested to do early diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue problems, such as edema and compartment syndrome, after a snakebite. The supporting data are not sufficient regarding the efficiency of POCUS in diagnosing the extent and severity of tissue involvement and its ultimate effect on the outcome. Further research is suggested in this case. Systemic complications, such as bleeding diathesis, can be managed by administering clotting factors and platelets.
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Ooms, Gaby I., Janneke van Oirschot, Benjamin Waldmann, Dorothy Okemo, Aukje K. Mantel-Teeuwisse, Hendrika A. van den Ham, and Tim Reed. "The Burden of Snakebite in Rural Communities in Kenya: A Household Survey." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 828–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0266.

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ABSTRACT. Annually, about 2.7 million snakebite envenomings occur worldwide, primarily affecting those living in rural regions. Effective treatment exists but is scarce, and traditional treatments are commonly used. To inform context-specific policies in Kenya, this study aimed to determine the health-seeking behavior and the health, social, and economic burden of snakebites in rural communities. Nonprobability sampling was used to survey 382 respondents from four snakebite-endemic counties, from February to August 2020, using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact tests, binary logistic regressions, and Mantel-Haenszel tests were used for analysis. Life-time experience with snakebites included 13.1% of respondents who reported being personally bitten and 37.4% who reported knowing of a community member being bitten. Respondents reported death after a snakebite in 9.1% of bitten community members and in 14.6% of bitten family members. Risk of snakebite was not significantly associated with sex, educational level, or occupation. Snakebite victims were most often walking (38%) or farming (24%) when bitten. Of those bitten, 58% went to a health facility, 30% sought traditional treatment, and 12% first went to a traditional healer before visiting a facility. Significant differences existed in perceptions on the financial consequences of snakebites among those who had been personally bitten and those who had observed a snakebite. Most commonly mentioned preventive measures were wearing shoes and carrying a light in the dark. Community engagement, including engagement with traditional healers, is needed to reduce snakebites. This should be done through education and sensitization to improve used preventive measures and effective health-seeking behavior.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Snakebites"

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Whitaker, Patrick Brian. "Behavioural ecology of the eastern brownsnake, pseudonaja textilis, and implications for human envenomation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1999. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27697.

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I used surgically implanted miniature radio-transmitters to conduct a broad behavioural ecology study of the eastern brownsnake, Pseudonaja textilis, a large (to 2 m), slender, fast-moving elapid snake responsible for most snakebite fatalities in Australia. In order to minimise trauma to the snake, I modified anaesthesia (use of nitrous oxide to relax the animal prior to induction of surgical—level anaesthesia with halothane); implantation techniques (reliance on “blunt” dissection rather than cutting of tissues after the initial incision; placement of antenna in the peritoneal cavity rather than subcutaneously; anchoring the transmitter in place to avoid slippage in a position anterior to the incision), and removal (use of a "disposable" silicon casing to eliminate problems associated with tissue adhesion to the antenna). Comparisons of changes in body mass of telemetered versus non— telemetered snakes indicated that the transmitters had no detectable effects on growth rate, even in a drought year when such effects might be most obvious. Encounters between humans and dangerously venomous snakes put both participants at serious risk, so the determinants of such encounters warrant attention. I set out to identify factors influencing the probability that a human walking in agricultural land near the town of Leeton (in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area in south-eastem Australia) would come into close proximity to a brownsnake. My study area is typical of many of the agricultural landscapes occupied by B. texiis. Over a three-year period, I walked regular transects to quantify the number and rate of snake encounters, and the proportion of snakes above-ground which could be seen. The rate of encounters depended upon a series of factors, including season, time of day, habitat type, weather conditions (wind and air temperature) and shade of the observer’s clothing (light versus dark).
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Paula, Ruth Cipriano Milhomem Fortaleza de. "Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de acidentes ofídicos atendidos no hospital de doenças Tropicais de Araguaína -TO (Triênio 2007-2009)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-29082011-140727/.

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Os acidentes causados por serpentes peçonhentas são considerados um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, e é muito importante que sejam feitos mais estudos para um melhor conhecimento desse agravo. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas que foram observados no Hospital de Doenças Tropicais de Araguaína, Estado do Tocantins, Brasil, que é uma unidade de saúde que cuida de pacientes que sofrem de doenças tropicais, no período de 2007 a 2009. Foram estudados 556 indivíduos e as características mais comuns observadas foram: sexo masculino, idade entre 19-40 anos, picada em membros inferiores e os ferimentos causados por serpentes do gênero Bothrops. Os sinais e sintomas mais freqüentes foram dor, edema e hemorragia. A manifestação sistêmica mais observada foi alteração da coagulação sanguínea. As complicações mais freqüentes foram abscesso, insuficiência renal aguda, necrose e infecção bacteriana. Os principais microorganismos identificados foram Morganela morganii (17,1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14,6%) e Staphylococcus epidermidis (4,9%). Esta flora bacteriana foi semelhante às descritas no veneno e na boca das serpentes por outros pesquisadores. Com base nos resultados dos testes de suscetibilidade sugere-se a continuidade no uso de ciprofloxacin para o tratamento desses abscessos que não respondem à simples drenagem. O conjunto dos resultados obtidos representa um completo levantamento da atual situação dos acidentes envolvendo serpentes no estado do Tocantins e arredores e certamente contribuirá para o aprimoramento das ações de combate aos problemas de Saúde Pública da região Norte.
Accidents caused by venomous snakes are considered a public health problem in Brazil, and it is very important that more studies be done to a better understanding of this injury. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics that were observed in the patients at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Araguaina, Tocantins State, Brazil, during the last three years. We have studied 556 individuals and the most common features were: male, aged 19-40 years, stinging in his legs and injuries caused by Bothrops snakes. Signs and symptoms were pain, swelling and bleeding. The most observed systemic manifestation was alteration of blood coagulation. The most frequent complications were abscess, acute renal necrosis and bacterial infection and the main microorganisms identified were Morganela morganii (17.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.6%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.9%). The bacterial flora was similar to those described in the mouth of snakes by other researchers. The susceptibility tests results suggest the continuity in the use of ciprofloxacin for the treatment of abscesses that do not respond to simple drainage. The set of results represents a complete survey of the current situation of accidents involving snakes in the state of Tocantins and the surrounding area and will certainly contribute to the improvement of actions to combat public health problems in the North region of Brazil.
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Santos, Cleiton Jose Costa. "ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DA OCORRÊNCIA DE ACIDENTES OFÍDICOS NO BRASIL E SEUS DETERMINANTES AMBIENTAIS E SOCIOECONÔMICOS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2018. http://tede2.pucgoias.edu.br:8080/handle/tede/3980.

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Recently the World Health Organization reclassified the snakebites as Neglected Tropical Disease. This problem mainly affects economically active age groups of rural populations in poor or in developing countries in tropical regions. Despite the low mortality rate associated with this type of accident in Brazil, one of the largest estimates of occurrence was attributed to the country. The epidemiological profile is widely known in several Brazilian regions, but little was inferred about factors associated with the occurrence of snakebites in the country. In order to analyze the spatial distribution of snakebites caused by snakes of the Elapidae and Viperidae families in the Brazilian municipalities between 2007 and 2015, we associate the number of snakebites with variables related to human factors (Area of the Municipality, Population, Agricultural Production, Municipal Human Development Index and Gross Domestic Product) and environmental factors (Species Richness, Remnant Area of Native Vegetation, Altitude and Climate). The records of notifications were obtained from the database of the Ministry of Health's Information and Notification System of Injuries. The average annual incidence rate for the time series analyzed was calculated. The association between the number of snakebites and factors analyzed was tested through Multiple Linear Regression Analysis by an OLS (Ordinary Least Square) model, evaluating the spatial autocorrelation in the model residues by the Moran Index. The variance partition was performed to evaluate the isolated effect of the different factors (environmental, human and spatial) on the variation of the accident data. Data were analyzed at national and regional scales. The average annual incidence for the period was 12.1/100,000 inhabitants. The North and Midwest regions presented the highest incidence, followed by the Northeast, South and Southeast regions, respectively. The OLS model indicated association more than 50% between snakebites data and variables tested, with the highest contribution of human factors followed the spatial effect and lower contribution of environmental factors in all scales. The model showed higher suitability especially for regions with the highest incidence rate, indicating differences in the composition of the most important variables in each region. However, it is possible to infer that in the analysis period, human factors contributed most heavily to the occurrence of snakebites in Brazil, followed by the spatial effect on the distribution of these snakebites and minor contribution of environmental factors. Clearly, the demographic density linked to type of occupation and climatic conditions may favor the increase of snakebites in the country, and different regional characteristics can clarify the disparity in the incidence rate among the Brazilian regions.
Recentemente os acidentes ofídicos foram reclassificados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como Doença Tropical Negligenciada. Esse problema atinge principalmente grupos etários economicamente ativos de populações rurais em países pobres ou em desenvolvimento nas regiões tropicais. Apesar do baixo índice de mortalidade associado a esse tipo de acidente no Brasil, uma das maiores estimativas de ocorrência foi atribuída ao país. O perfil epidemiológico é amplamente conhecido nas diversas regiões brasileiras, porém, pouco se inferiu sobre fatores associados à ocorrência de acidentes ofídicos no país. Assim, com o objetivo de analisar a distribuição espacial dos acidentes causados por serpentes das famílias Elapidae e Viperidae, registrados para os municípios brasileiros entre os anos de 2007 e 2015, associamos o número de acidentes ofídicos, obtidos na base de dados do Sistema de Informação e Notificação de Agravos do Ministério da Saúde, com variáveis ligadas a fatores humanos e ambientais considerando o efeito espacial na distribuição dos dados. A taxa de incidência média anual foi calculada para elaboração do mapa de distribuição nacional e regional da incidência no período analisado. A associação entre o número de acidentes e fatores analisados foi testada através de Análise de Regressão Linear Múltipla OLS (Ordinary Least Square), avaliando a autocorrelação espacial nos resíduos do modelo pelo Índice de Moran. A partição de variância foi realizada para avaliar o efeito isolado dos diferentes fatores sobre a variação do número de acidentes. A incidência média anual para o período foi de 12,1/100.000hab. As regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste apresentaram as maiores incidências, seguidas pelas regiões Nordestes, Sul e Sudeste, respectivamente. O modelo OLS indicou associação superior a 50% entre dados de acidentes e variáveis testadas, com maior contribuição dos fatores humanos seguidos do efeito espacial e menor contribuição dos fatores ambientais em todas as escalas analisadas. O modelo mostrou maior adequação principalmente para as regiões com maior taxa de incidência, indicando diferenças na composição das variáveis mais importantes em cada região. Contudo, é possível inferir que no período analisado, fatores humanos contribuíram mais fortemente para a ocorrência de acidentes ofídicos no Brasil, seguidos do efeito espacial sobre a distribuição desses acidentes e menor contribuição dos fatores ambientais. Especialmente, o adensamento demográfico ligado ao tipo de ocupação e condições climáticas podem favorecer o aumento de acidentes ofídicos no país e diferentes características regionais podem esclarecer a disparidade na taxa de incidência entre as regiões brasileiras.
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Oo, Yadanar [Verfasser], Kai Akademischer Betreuer] Zhang, Frank [Gutachter] Gessler, and Ulrich [Gutachter] [Kuch. "Epidemiological consideration of snakebites in the Central Dry Zone of Myanmar and development of new immunochromatographic rapid tests for detecting envenomation by Russell s vipers (Daboia spp.), cobras (Naja spp.) and kraits (Bungarus spp.) / Yadanar Oo ; Gutachter: Frank Gessler, Ulrich Kuch ; Betreuer: Kai Zhang." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1339-6-3.

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Oo, Yadanar [Verfasser], Kai [Akademischer Betreuer] Zhang, Frank [Gutachter] Gessler, and Ulrich [Gutachter] Kuch. "Epidemiological consideration of snakebites in the Central Dry Zone of Myanmar and development of new immunochromatographic rapid tests for detecting envenomation by Russell s vipers (Daboia spp.), cobras (Naja spp.) and kraits (Bungarus spp.) / Yadanar Oo ; Gutachter: Frank Gessler, Ulrich Kuch ; Betreuer: Kai Zhang." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205544763/34.

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Pach, Sophie, Geyt Jacqueline Le, José María Gutiérrez, David Williams, Kalana Prasad Maduwage, Abdulrazaq Garba Habib, Rafael Gustin, María Luisa Avila-Agüero, Kyaw Thu Ya, and Jay Halbert. "Paediatric snakebite envenoming: the world's most neglected 'Neglected Tropical Disease'?" NLM (Medline), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655504.

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Snakebite disproportionally affects children living in impoverished rural communities. The WHO has recently reinstated snakebites on its list of Neglected Tropical Diseases and launched a comprehensive Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming. In the first of a two paper series, we describe the epidemiology, socioeconomic impact and key prevention strategies. We also explore current challenges and priorities including the production and distribution of safe and effective antivenom.
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Stuppy, Sarah. "The Epidemiology of Snakebite Injury in the Amazonian Regions of Ecuador." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2190.

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The epidemiology of snakebite injury in the Amazonian regions of Ecuador Introduction: Morbidity and mortality from snakebite envenomations is a major public health issue in remote areas of under-developed countries. Several attempts have been made to approximate the impact of snakebites worldwide, however these are assumed to be underestimations due to the lack of documentation on the local level. Ecuador's Amazonian region lacks a comprehensive community-based surveillance system, however it is unique in that an aero-medical transport system is in place to transfer the patients requiring hospitalization to one of the five urban medical centers. Beginning in 1998, Servicio Aéreo Misional (SAM), one of the two transport companies serving three of the rural provinces, began documenting flight data including the demographics of patients and their diagnoses. Methods: The SAM database was used to conduct a retrospective study to describe the incidence, patient demographics and geographic location of snakebite injuries in three rural provinces of Ecuador. SPSS was used for frequencies and Chi squares analyses. Results: In the years 2003 to 2005 there were a total of 1,340 aero-medical transports in this region. Of those, snakebite injuries constituted 4.2% of all medical diagnoses. The majority of snakebites occurred in males (p=0.027) aged 10-29 (p<0.001) and were concentrated in the low-lying areas of the province of Morona-Santiago. Discussion: These results describe the distribution of snakebites; efforts are now underway to identify the risk factors involved in this patient population. This information would then be used to optimize prevention and treatment.
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Rengifo, Ibanez Maria Camila. "Bioinformatic design of venom toxin-specific antivenom to improve the treatment of snakebite in Africa." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/16453/.

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Antivenom is the only effective treatment against the systemic effects of snakebite and is currently developed by a century-old immunisation protocol that aims to generate IgGs capable of binding and neutralizing most (if not all) of the venom toxins. However, snake venoms comprise more than a hundred proteins and peptides that exhibit a significant diversity in terms of isoform complexity, toxicity and immunogenicity. Therefore, antivenom doesn’t take into account the representation of venom toxins and contains therapeutically redundant IgGs to non-toxic venom components, and a lack of high titre IgGs to highly toxic, but weakly immunogenic components. The usual consequence of the century old immunisation protocol is the need to administer large volumes to achieve venom-neutralisation in an envenomed patient, which greatly increases the risk of antivenom-induced adverse effects and reduces its affordability. The Alistair Reid Venom Research Unit has pioneered a new approach using the rationale of generating venom toxin‐specific antibodies on the basis that an antivenom that only targets the most pathogenic toxin groups would be predicted to overcome these issues by improving the clinical efficacy of the treatment. Based upon preliminary work illustrating extensive cross‐specific and cross‐generic reactivity of a toxin‐specific antibodies generated against some of the most pathogenic toxin groups of venoms from medically-important species, the overarching aim of the work described in this thesis was to extended this toxin-specific antivenom approach with a view to ultimately generating a therapy against all the African species of the Echis genus. In order to overcome the high isoform diversity known for most of the pathologically-important venom toxin groups, we conducted a bioinformatic interrogation of the venom gland transcriptomes of Echis ocellatus, Echis pyramidum leakeyi and Echis coloratus for five major target toxin groups: Phospholipases A2 (PLA2), Serine proteases (SP) C-type lectins (CTLs), Metalloproteinases (SVMPs) and Disintegrins that identified epitopes on the basis of i) sequence conservation, ii) antigenicity, (iii) surface exposure and (iv) coverage across the EST data. Resultant sequences were synthesised as epitope-strings and subsequently delivered as DNA and recombinant proteins immunogens that in a proteic form successfully generated antibodies capable of binding to a number of reduced venom proteins in a cross-reactive manner, suggesting the presence of specific and generic shared epitopes of importance. The results obtained in this study helped identifying key elements of the toxin-specific approach for the design of antivenoms and highlighted the need to elucidate several aspects of the molecular interaction of the raised antibodies against the target venom proteins, in order to have an accurate approach to their binding in a native state. In addition, the study successfully approached venom glycosylation, and aspect that hasn’t been studied in detail and came apparent during the progress of the toxin specific antivenom gave light in the future stages of its development.
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Pandey, Deb Prasad, Pandey Gita Subedi, Kamal Devkota, and Matt Goode. "Public perceptions of snakes and snakebite management: implications for conservation and human health in southern Nepal." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617404.

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Background: Venomous snakebite and its effects are a source of fear for people living in southern Nepal. As a result, people have developed a negative attitude towards snakes, which can lead to human-snake conflicts that result in killing of snakes. Attempting to kill snakes increases the risk of snakebite, and actual killing of snakes contributes to loss of biodiversity. Currently, snake populations in southern Nepal are thought to be declining, but more research is needed to evaluate the conservation status of snakes. Therefore, we assessed attitudes, knowledge, and awareness of snakes and snakebite by Chitwan National Park's (CNP) buffer zone (BZ) inhabitants in an effort to better understand challenges to snake conservation and snakebite management. The results of this study have the potential to promote biodiversity conservation and increase human health in southern Nepal and beyond. Methods: We carried out face-to-face interviews of 150 randomly selected CNP BZ inhabitants, adopting a cross-sectional mixed research design and structured and semi-structured questionnaires from January-February 2013. Results: Results indicated that 43 % of respondents disliked snakes, 49 % would exterminate all venomous snakes, and 86 % feared snakes. Farmers were the most negative and teachers were the most ambivalent towards snakes. Respondents were generally unable to identify different snake species, and were almost completely unaware of the need of conserve snakes and how to prevent snakebites. Belief in a snake god, and the ability of snakes to absorb poisonous gases from the atmosphere were among many superstitions that appeared to predispose negativity towards snakes of BZ residents. Conclusion: People with predisposed negativity towards snakes were not proponents of snake conservation. Fear, negativity, ambivalence towards, and ignorance about, snakes and the need for snake conservation were strong indicators of the propensity to harm or kill snakes. It seems that if wanton killing of snakes continues, local snake populations will decline, and rare and endangered snake species may even become locally extirpated. Moreover, inappropriate perception and knowledge about snakes and snakebites may put BZ people at increased risk of venomous snakebite. Therefore, intensive, pragmatic educational efforts focused on natural history and ecology of snakes and prevention of snakebite should be undertaken in communities and at schools and universities.
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Lalloo, David. "The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of snakebite in the central province and national capital district of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240926.

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Books on the topic "Snakebites"

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Mary-Todd, Jonathan. Snakebite. Minneapolis: Darby Creek, 2012.

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Buys, P. J. C. Medical management of snakebite in Namibia. Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmillan, 2003.

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Sāṃ, En. Viṣacikitsa. Tiruvanatapuraṃ: Ōr̲iyant̲al R̲isarcc Inst̲it̲t̲yūṭṭ ānḍ Mānuskr̲ipt̲s Laibrar̲i, Kēraḷasarvakalāśāla, 2010.

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Jayavīra, Vimaladāsa. Dulaba Heḷa viṣa veda rahas. Divulapiṭiya: Sarasvati Prakāśana, 2009.

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Jayavīra, Vimaladāsa. Dulaba Heḷa viṣa veda rahas. Divulapiṭiya: Sarasvati Prakāśana, 2009.

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Jayavīra, Vimaladāsa. Dulaba Heḷa viṣa veda rahas. Divulapiṭiya: Sarasvati Prakāśana, 2009.

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Jayavīra, Vimaladāsa. Dulaba Heḷa viṣa veda rahas. Divulapiṭiya: Sarasvati Prakāśana, 2009.

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Warrell, D. A. Guidelines for the management of snake-bites. [New Delhi, India]: World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, 2011.

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Kumāra, Priyanta Puṣpa. Păraṇi viṣa vedakama: Pāramparikava păvata ā viṣa vaidya krama, vaṭṭōru hā upades savistarava ăta. Jā-Ăla: Samantī Pot Prakāśakayō, 2014.

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Chi, Võ Văn. Rá̆n làm thuó̂c và thuó̂c trị rá̆n cá̆n. 2nd ed. Hà Nội: Nhà xuá̂t bản Khoa học và kỹ thuật, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Snakebites"

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Silvestri, Valeria, Vivian Mushi, and Billy Ngasala. "Snakebites Envenomation." In Vascular Damage in Neglected Tropical Diseases, 91–105. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53353-2_7.

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Otero-Patiño, Rafael. "Snakebites in Colombia." In Toxinology, 1–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6288-6_41-1.

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Al Gain, Roaa. "Snakebites and Spider Bites." In Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics, 2631–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_280.

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Perry, Gad, Mark Lacy, and Indraneil Das. "Snakes, Snakebites, and Humans." In Problematic Wildlife II, 561–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42335-3_18.

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de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett, Jacqueline, Sâmella Silva de Oliveira, Valquir Silva dos Santos, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, and Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de Lacerda. "Snakebites Accidents and Renal Complications." In Tropical Nephrology, 27–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44500-3_3.

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Chinnasamy, Rajendiran, Senthilkumaran Subramanian, and Thirumalaikoluandusubramanian Ponniah. "Snakebites in Tamil Nadu, India." In Clinical Toxinology in Asia Pacific and Africa, 163–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6386-9_15.

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Chinnasamy, Rajendiran, Senthilkumaran Subramanian, and Thirumalaikoluandusubramanian Ponniah. "Snakebites in Tamil Nadu, India." In Clinical Toxinology, 1–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6288-6_15-1.

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Fujioka, Masaki. "Skin Necrosis due to Snakebites." In Skin Necrosis, 109–15. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1241-0_16.

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Vijayaraghavan, B., and S. R. Ganesh. "Venomous Snakes and Snakebites in India." In Clinical Toxinology in Asia Pacific and Africa, 137–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6386-9_19.

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Amr, Zuhair S., and Ahmad M. Disi. "Venomous Snakes and Snakebites in Jordan." In Clinical Toxinology, 1–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6288-6_55-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Snakebites"

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Garcês, Andreia, Catarina Pereira, Maria Inês Santiago, Justina Prada, Filipe Silva, and Isabel Pires. "Snakebites in Domestic Animals." In IECT 2023. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iect2023-14798.

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Rashad, Mahmoud. "P270 Snakebites in al- baha district, saudi arabia (Epidemiliology, clinical presentations, management and prevention)." In Faculty of Paediatrics of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, 9th Europaediatrics Congress, 13–15 June, Dublin, Ireland 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.620.

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Liu, Yehui, Aobo Xu, Hui Zeng, Juneng Huang, Mingxian Liang, Wei Luo, Zhao Zeng, and Xuejun Zhang. "Edge Computing-Based Cloud Platform for Snakebite Assisted Diagnosis." In ICBIP 2023: 2023 8th International Conference on Biomedical Signal and Image Processing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3613307.3613311.

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Ashar, Adawiyah Md, Meng Chun Lam, Suhaila Zainudin, and Ahmad Khaldun Ismail. "A preliminary study on the decision support mobile application for remote snakebite management consultation in Malaysia." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST’18). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5055488.

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Mathé, Henri. "A Clinical Review of a Polyvalent F(ab’)2 Antivenom (InoserpTM PAN-AFRICA) in the Management of Snakebite Envenomation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Clinical Studies and Actual Use since Its Introduction in 2012." In International Electronic Conference on Toxins. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iect2023-14812.

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Reports on the topic "Snakebites"

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Yan, Zhangren, Xiangjun Hu, Junqing Pan, Sina Zhang, and Huan Wang. Negative pressure wound therapy for the treatment of local complications after snakebite: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0055.

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