Relevant bibliographies by topics / Snakes

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Snakes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Snakes"

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Howell, Tiffani Josey, Clifford Warwick, and Pauleen C. Bennett. "Self-reported snake management practices among owners in Victoria, Australia." Veterinary Record 187, no. 3 (2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105409.

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BackgroundA large number of snakes are kept as pets in Western societies. Few studies have been undertaken to assess keeping practices of snakes by private owners in Australia. Therefore, there is concern that some owners may not understand even basic husbandry requirements. The aim of this preliminary study was to identify the most common practices used by snake owners in Victoria, Australia.MethodAn online survey asked 251 snake owners to describe ways in which they attempt to meet their snake’s environmental, behavioural, dietary, social and health needs.ResultsFewer than half of participants had an enclosure large enough for the snake to fully stretch out, and just over half had an enclosure large enough to meet the requirements in the Victorian Code of Practice. Only 60 per cent of owners correctly identified their snake’s activity patterns based on information about wild snakes of the same species.ConclusionEducational campaigns may help improve outcomes for snakes in the future, but more research is needed about captive snake husbandry, to provide an evidence base for informing snake management recommendations.
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Gomes, Cícera Maria, Karen de Morais-Zani, Stephen Lu, et al. "Differential transcript profile of inhibitors with potential anti-venom role in the liver of juvenile and adultBothrops jararacasnake." PeerJ 5 (April 27, 2017): e3203. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3203.

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BackgroundSnakes belonging to theBothropsgenus are vastly distributed in Central and South America and are responsible for most cases of reported snake bites in Latin America. The clinical manifestations of the envenomation caused by this genus are due to three major activities—proteolytic, hemorrhagic and coagulant—mediated by metalloproteinases, serine proteinases, phospholipases A2and other toxic compounds present in snake venom. Interestingly, it was observed that snakes are resistant to the toxic effects of its own and other snake’s venoms. This natural immunity may occur due the absence of toxin target or the presence of molecules in the snake plasma able to neutralize such toxins.MethodsIn order to identify anti-venom molecules, we construct a cDNA library from the liver ofB. jararacasnakes. Moreover, we analyzed the expression profile of four molecules—the already known anti-hemorrhagic factor Bj46a, one gamma-phospholipase A2inhibitor, one inter-alpha inhibitor and one C1 plasma protease inhibitor—in the liver of juvenile and adult snakes by qPCR.ResultsThe results revealed a 30-fold increase of gamma-phospholipase A2inhibitor and a minor increase of the inter-alpha inhibitor (5-fold) and of the C1 inhibitor (3-fold) in adults. However, the Bj46a factor seems to be equally transcribed in adults and juveniles.DiscussionThe results suggest the up-regulation of different inhibitors observed in the adult snakes might be a physiological adaptation to the recurrent contact with their own and even other snake’s venoms throughout its lifespan. This is the first comparative analysis of ontogenetic variation of expression profiles of plasmatic proteins with potential anti-venom activities of the venomous snakeB. jararaca. Furthermore, the present data contributes to the understanding of the natural resistance described in these snakes.
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Klenina, Anastasia A. "Differences in Features of External Morphology Traits of Young and Adult Snakes of the Family Colubridae (Reptilia)." Current Studies in Herpetology 20, no. 3/4 (2020): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1814-6090-2020-20-3-4-116-127.

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Characteristics of the meristic features of the external morphology of young and adult snakes (the Colubridae family) of three species, namely, the grass snake Natrix natrix, the dice snake N. tessellata and the Pallas’ coluber Elaphe dione, living in the Samara region, are described. For the first time, a comparative analysis was carried out of a number of morphological characters of uneven-aged snakes, namely: newborns obtained in laboratory conditions, juvenile specimens, and adult snakes captured in nature. It was revealed that those morphological features which remained unchanged during the snake's life (the number of Ventr., Scd., Lab. and Temp. scales) significantly differred in specimens of laboratory and natural origin. Statistically significant differences were also found between young and adult specimens of the dice snake from nature.
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Titcomb, Georgia C., David W. Kikuchi, and David W. Pfennig. "More than mimicry? Evaluating scope for flicker-fusion as a defensive strategy in coral snake mimics." Current Zoology 60, no. 1 (2014): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.1.123.

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Abstract Coral snakes and their mimics often have brightly colored banded patterns, generally associated with warning coloration or mimicry. However, such color patterns have also been hypothesized to aid snakes in escaping predators through a “flicker-fusion” effect. According to this hypothesis, banded color patterns confuse potential predators when a snake transitions from resting to moving because its bands blur together to form a different color. To produce this motion blur, a moving snake’s bands must transition faster than the critical flicker-fusion rate at which a predator’s photoreceptors can refresh. It is unknown if coral snakes or their mimics meet this requirement. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the movement speed and color patterns of two coral snake mimics, Lampropeltis triangulum campbelli and L. elapsoides, and comparing the frequency of color transitions to the photoreceptor activity of the avian eye. We found that snakes often produced a motion blur, but moving snakes created a blurring effect more often in darker conditions, such as sunrise, sunset, and nighttime when these snakes are often active. Thus, at least two species of coral snake mimics are capable of achieving flicker-fiision, indicating that their color patterns may confer an additional defense aside from mimicry.
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Mochida, Koji, and Akira Mori. "Antipredator behavior of newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster) against snakes." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0258218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258218.

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Newts and salamanders show remarkable diversity in antipredator behavior, developed to enhance their chemical defenses and/or aposematism. The present study reports on the antipredator behavior of newts (Cynops pyrrhogaster) in response to snakes. Newts displayed a significant amount of tail-wagging and tail-undulation in response to a contact stimulus from the snake’s tongue, which is a snake-specific predator stimulus, as compared to a control stimulus (behavioral scores: tongue, 1.05 ± 0.41; control, 0.15 ± 0.15). Newts that were kept in warm temperature conditions, 20°C (at which snakes are active in nature), performed tail displays more frequently than newts kept in low-temperature conditions, 4°C (at which snakes are inactive in nature). Our results suggest that the tail displays of C. pyrrhogaster could function as an antipredator defense; they direct a snake’s attention to its tail to prevent the snake from attacking more vulnerable body parts. We also discussed the reason for inter-populational variation in the tendency of newts to perform tail displays.
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Kabir, Ashraful. "Biography of a snake charmer in Saidpur, Bangladesh." MOJ Biology and Medicine 3, no. 4 (2018): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2018.03.00090.

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Though Saidpur Upazila under Nilphamari district is very small but here pigeonry, goat rearing, herbal treatments, circus team, monkey charmer, horse race and snake charmers are available. Snake charmers are not living well in this modern era. Their kids are not safe at home for snake rearing. In Savar, Dhaka there is a snake market where some tribal people buy it as food. People who are engaged with snake catching and snake-based superstitions go to that market. They support medical science and are waiting to get a good job. Who take snakes as food they say its meat is very hot. Depending on body size its price varies from 1000 to 2000 taka of a poisonous snake. People of the circus team, zoo committee and intersex people collects snakes from the snake charmer. Tradition of snake charming in Bangladesh is very ancient. Once upon a time most of the villagers liked it. Some peoples were considered as bede or tribal people who caught snakes from the jungle. Though Bangladesh is a small country but its 80 species of snakes are remarkable. Within these only cobras, kraits and sea snakes are poisonous and most of the cobras are bicellate type. Common vine snakes, tree snake and rat snakes are very common and nonpoisonous snakes of Bangladesh. After catching a snake, the charmer cuts the poison sac or rubs both fangs of the snakes. As poison of the snakes are digestive juice so that those snakes can suffer digestive ailments and ultimately die. The temperature of Rangpur division of Bangladesh is 350-370F which is suitable for snakes’ survival. There were 30.77% poisonous and 69.23% non poisonous snakes’ in Bangladesh in three families.1 In Bangladesh out of 82 species 28 are venomous and 12 are sea snakes.2 Estimates indicate ˃5 million bites annually by venomous snakes worldwide where ˃12500 deaths.3,4 Some research work have completed on snakes taxonomy, status, distribution and epidemiology of snake bite.5‒7 India has the highest number of snake bites in the world with 35000-50000 annually according to World Health Organization.8,9 In Bangladesh this is 4.3per 100000 an annual incidence and case fatality is 20%.10
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Durso, A. M., I. Bolon, A. R. Kleinhesselink, et al. "Crowdsourcing snake identification with online communities of professional herpetologists and avocational snake enthusiasts." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 1 (2021): 201273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201273.

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Species identification can be challenging for biologists, healthcare practitioners and members of the general public. Snakes are no exception, and the potential medical consequences of venomous snake misidentification can be significant. Here, we collected data on identification of 100 snake species by building a week-long online citizen science challenge which attracted more than 1000 participants from around the world. We show that a large community including both professional herpetologists and skilled avocational snake enthusiasts with the potential to quickly (less than 2 min) and accurately (69–90%; see text) identify snakes is active online around the clock, but that only a small fraction of community members are proficient at identifying snakes to the species level, even when provided with the snake's geographical origin. Nevertheless, participants showed great enthusiasm and engagement, and our study provides evidence that innovative citizen science/crowdsourcing approaches can play significant roles in training and building capacity. Although identification by an expert familiar with the local snake fauna will always be the gold standard, we suggest that healthcare workers, clinicians, epidemiologists and other parties interested in snakebite could become more connected to these communities, and that professional herpetologists and skilled avocational snake enthusiasts could organize ways to help connect medical professionals to crowdsourcing platforms. Involving skilled avocational snake enthusiasts in decision making could build the capacity of healthcare workers to identify snakes more quickly, specifically and accurately, and ultimately improve snakebite treatment data and outcomes.
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Manjarrez, Javier, Martha Pacheco-Tinoco, and Crystian S. Venegas-Barrera. "Intraspecific variation in the diet of the Mexican garter snakeThamnophis eques." PeerJ 5 (November 14, 2017): e4036. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4036.

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The Mexican Garter Snake (Thamnophis eques)is a terrestrial-aquatic generalist that feeds on both aquatic and terrestrial prey. We describe size-related variation and sexual variation in the diet ofT. equesthrough analysis of 262 samples of identifiable stomach contents in snakes from 23 locations on the Mexican Plateau. The snakeT. equeswe studied consumed mostly fish, followed in lesser amounts by leeches, earthworms, frogs, and tadpoles. Correspondence analysis suggested that the frequency of consumption of various prey items differed between the categories of age but not between sex of snakes, and the general pattern was a reduction of prey item diversity with size of snake. Snake length was correlated positively with mass of ingested prey. Large snakes consumed large prey and continued to consume smaller prey. In general, no differences were found between the prey taxa of male and female snakes, although males ate two times more tadpoles than females. Males and females did not differ in the mass of leeches, earthworms, fishes, frogs and tadpoles that they ate, and males and females that ate each prey taxon were similar in length. We discuss proximate and functional determinants of diet and suggest that the observed intraspecific variation inT. equescould be explored by temporal variation in prey availability, proportions of snake size classes and possible sexual dimorphism in head traits and prey dimensions to assess the role of intersexual resource competition.
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Ayunda Pratiska, I. Gusti Putu, Ida Bagus Made Suaskara, Joko Wiryatno, and I. Gede Agus Pradana Putra. "INVENTARISASI JENIS – JENIS ULAR YANG DITEMUKAN DI SEKITAR PANTAI MERTA SARI DAN PADANG GALAK." SIMBIOSIS Journal of Biological Sciences 5, no. 2 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jsimbiosis.2017.v05.i02.p07.

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Sea snakes have a strong venom and when they bite can be fatal for humans, whereas snakes found in mangrove areas are weak venomous snakes and non-venomous snakes (McKay, 2006). The low understanding public aboutthe snakes has led to the assumption that any snakes found are dangerous, so research needs to be done in order to provide information on the types of venomous and non-venomous snakes present in coastal areas and around mangrove forest areas. This research was conducted from early January to the end of January located around Merta Sari Beach to Padang Galak. The method used is the method of cruising method is done by determining the habitat that is likely suitable for snake habitat (Asad et al., 2011). Data collected in the morning and at night, by capturing and identifying snakes found in situ refers to the snake identification titled '107+ Ular Indonesia' (Riza Marlon, 2014), and the book 'Reptiles and Amphibians in Bali 'By Mckay (2006). Based on the results of the study, snakes found around Merta Sari Beach and Padang Galak Beach numbered 61 individual snakes with two different families namely Colubridae and Elapidae. Snake species of the Colubridae family found are Dog-faced Water Snake (Cerberus rynchops) and the Elapidae family is the Erabu/Yellow-lipped Sea Krait (Laticauda colubrina) snake
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Khoerunisa, Ira, Mirza Dikari Kusrini, and Ani Mardiasturi. "DIVERSITY OF SNAKE RESCUED FROM RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AREA, INDONESIA." Media Konservasi 26, no. 3 (2022): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.26.3.231-238.

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Development and habitat loss in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area affected snakes and forced them to adapt in urban areas. Snakes in residential areas might increase encounter rate with humans which lead to human-snake conflict. The objectives of this research were to identify the diversity of snakes in residential areas based on rescue effort and to documents effort of those organizations on how to mitigate human-snake conflict through snake relocation. From 2015-2019, 37 snake species were reported found around residential areas in Jakarta Metropolitan Area. Javan spitting cobra Naja sputatrix and reticulated python Malayopython reticulatus are the most encountered snakes in residential areas. Jakarta has the highest total encounter of snakes compared to other area but Bogor has the highest diversity of snake species. Snake found in residential areas are sometimes “rescued” by snake reptile enthusiasts who formed a group. Most of these group does not have standard operating procedure when rescuing snake. Human-snake conflict can be mitigated by relocation of snakes, education, and translocation, although the impact of translocation should be evaluated further.
 
 Key words: Jakarta Metropolitan Area, human-snake conflict, Urban area, snake rescue
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Snakes"

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Weaver, Robert Elbert. "Chemosensory and behavioral ecology of the dipsadid snakes Contia tenuis, Diadophis punctatus, and Hypsiglena chlorophaea /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/R_Weaver_030110.pdf.

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Greer, Daniel. "Snakes Alive!" Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9101/.

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On three days in March each year, the sleepy little town of Sweetwater, Texas transforms into the rattlesnake capital of the world. Snake hunters and curious tourists converge on the town of 12,000 for the Annual Sweetwater Rattlesnake Roundup. On the outside of the Nolan County Coliseum, the smell of funnel cakes and hot-dogs fills the air as vendors sell snacks and souvenirs. However the real action is inside where snakes collected from all over the state lay in piles by the thousands, waiting to be sexed, milked and ultimately killed. Through interviews and observational footage, "Snakes Alive!" explores the Sweetwater Rattlesnake Roundup, those that participate in the event, and the elements that make it an unabashed West Texas tradition.
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Butenuth, Matthias. "Network snakes /." München : Beck, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990989569/04.

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Greer, Daniel Levin Ben. "Snakes alive!" [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9101.

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Smith, Douglas Eliot. "Geomagnetic sensitivity and orientation in eastern garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2002. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3053123.

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Hosman, Brenna. "Like Snakes Among Vines." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1616522641663045.

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Hyndman, Timothy. "Paramyxoviruses in Australian snakes." Thesis, Hyndman, Timothy (2012) Paramyxoviruses in Australian snakes. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10648/.

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This thesis describes the isolation and molecular identification of a novel paramyxovirus found in Australian snakes. The virus is named Sunshine virus after the geographical origin of the first isolate: the Sunshine Coast of Queensland, Australia. For decades, Australian veterinarians have been presented with snakes displaying neurorespiratory signs. The clinical signs, pathological findings and the results of overseas diagnostic testing, have suggested that at least some of these snakes were infected with paramyxoviruses, most likely ferlaviruses. Australian veterinarians provided 463 samples to be screened for the presence of viruses and nine were found from five snakes from two collections. For all isolates, cytopathic effects consisted of extensive syncytial cell formation with minimal cell lysis. Further characterisation was performed on one of these isolates, BHP1-Lung (from a lung homogenate of a black-headed python [BHP], Aspidites melanocephalus with mild respiratory signs and stomatitis). Testing this isolate for haemagglutinating and neuraminidase activity provided equivocal results. The virus could not be found by electron microscopy. Polymerase chain reaction to detect a broad range of paramyxoviruses, reoviruses, adenoviruses and herpesviruses was also non-contributory. Through the use of high-throughput sequencing, BHP1-Lung was identified as a novel paramyxovirus. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleoprotein (N), matrix (M), fusion (F) and polymerase (L) proteins clustered this virus within the family Paramyxoviridae but outside of both subfamilies. Primers were designed that could detect Sunshine virus which enabled clinical data that is associated with Sunshine virus infection to be described. Clinical signs are typically non-specific (e.g. regurgitation, lethargy, inappetence) and/or can be localised to the neurological and/or respiratory systems. Gross pathology is usually unremarkable. Histopathological findings consist primarily of white matter spongiosis and gliosis of the hindbrain with a mild bronchointerstitial pneumonia.
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Little, Hunter C. "When Sidestreets Become Snakes." TopSCHOLAR®, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3148.

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When Sidestreets Become Snakes is a collection of free verse poetry in which the speaker explores her family relationships and traumas through the use of various metaphors, personas, and imagery to illustrate significant moments in her life. Split into three sections, this collection follows the speaker through her childhood traumas and experiences, adolescent questioning of those experiences and relationships, and finally, her life as an adult in which she comes to accept the past, her family, and herself.
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Mckenzie, Jennifer. "INITIAL ASSESSMENT AND EFFECTS OF SNAKE FUNGAL DISEASE ON POPULATIONS OF SNAKES IN KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/forestry_etds/42.

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Pathogenic fungi are increasingly associated with epidemics in wildlife populations and represent a significant threat to global biodiversity. Snake fungal disease is an emerging disease caused by the fungus, Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, and appears to be widespread in the eastern United States. Yet an evaluation of field diagnostics, and an understanding of the population-level consequences of the disease, are lacking. First, I evaluated the use of clinical signs to predict the presence of O. ophiodiicola across season and snake habitat affiliation (aquatic or terrestrial) and I compared two sampling methods to see if collection method impacts PCR result. Overall, snakes with clinical signs had a higher probability of testing positive regardless of season or habitat association. However, terrestrial snakes had a lower overall probability of testing positive for O. ophiodiicola compared to aquatic snakes. I found no significant difference between sampling methods. Second, I used Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) telemetry, and multistate capture-mark-recapture modelling to determine if SFD affects the short-term survival, movement, and behavior of wild snakes. I found no difference in short-term survival for snakes with SFD. Snakes with SFD spend more time surface-active and have lower permanent emigration and temporary immigration rates than snakes without SFD.
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Oliveira, Rafael Montanhini Soares de [UNESP]. "Extração de rodovias utilizando SNAKES." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88544.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_rms_me_prud.pdf: 2936252 bytes, checksum: 250c550ac7923d26a59bbd1cb2bb5287 (MD5)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A obtenção de informações a partir da extração de feições em fotos aéreas e imagens de satélite é um dos principais objetivos da nova tecnologia de automação em Fotogrametria Digital. Este trabalho propõe a extração de rodovias, e a conexão de segmentos de rodovias extraidos por outros extratores de feições, utilizando modelos de contorno ativo ou snakes. Snakes foi introduzido há quase duas décadas e consiste em uma curva representada parametricamente e controlada por injunções fotométricas e geométricas: fotométricas, chamadas de força da imagem que atraem a curva snakes para a feição a ser extraída (rodovia); geométricas, geradas pelas forças internas que controlam a forma da curva snakes garantindo sua suavidade. Por ser um método de extração semi-automático, inicialmente o operador deve descrever a rodovia de maneira grosseira utilizando no mínimo seis pontos sementes. A partir desta posição inicial a curva snakes evolui a cada iteração fazendo com que a mesma se posicione sobre a borda da rodovia (feição a ser extraída) onde sua energia é minimizada. O método snakes foi implementado em linguagem C e testado na extração e conexão de segmentos de rodovia em imagens de alta (pixels menores 0.7m), média (pixels entre 0.7m e 2.0m) e baixa (pixels maiores 2.0m) resolução, mostrando-se bastante eficiente em todos os casos, mesmo na presença de obstáculos que perturbam o perfeito delineamento da rodovia. Através da extração de bordas de rodovia, em imagens de alta e média resolução, foi gerado um eixo interpolado e comparado com o eixo de referência utilizado para avaliação. Utilizando avaliações visuais e numéricas foi possível comprovar a boa acuracia do processo de extração e conexão de segmentos utilizando snakes.<br>Obtaining information from the extraction of aspects from aerial photographs and satellite images is one of the main purposes of the new technology in Digital Photogrammetry. This study proposes extracting roads and linking the segments of the extracted roads by means of other extractors of aspects, by using models of active contour, or snakes. Snakes was introduced almost two decades ago, and it consists in a parametrically represented curve, controlled by photometric and geometric injunctions: photometric injunctions, called image power, that attract the snakes curve for the aspect to be extracted (road); geometric injunctions, generated by internal powers that control the shape of the snakes curve, thus insuring its smoothness. As it is a semi-automatic extraction process, the operator shall initially describe the road roughly, using at least six seed points. From this initial position, the snakes curve evolves at each iteration, placing itself over the road edge (aspect to be extracted), where its power is minimized. The snakes method was implemented in language C and tested in the extraction and link of road segments in images of high resolution (pixels lower than 0.7m), medium resolution (pixels between 0.7m and 2.0m) and low resolution (pixels higher than 2.0m), and it turned out to be very efficient in both cases, even in the presence of obstacles that disturb the perfect road outlining. With the extraction of road edges in high and medium resolution images, one interpolated axis was generated, and it was compared to the reference axis used in the evaluation. By using visual and numerical evaluations, it was possible to prove the accuracy provided by the process of extraction and link of segments that uses the snakes method.
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Books on the topic "Snakes"

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Kauffeld, Carl. Snakes and snake hunting. Krieger Pub. Co., 1995.

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Wallach, V. Corn snakes. Capstone Press, 2009.

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Feldman, Heather. Milk snakes. PowerKids Press, 2004.

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Howard, Melanie A. Corn snakes. Capstone, 2012.

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Valenta, Jiri. Venomous snakes: Envenoming, therapy. 2nd ed. Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Valenta, Jiri. Venomous snakes: Envenoming, therapy. 2nd ed. Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Mattison, Christopher. Keeping and breeding snakes. Blandford, 1996.

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Guidone, Julie. Snakes. Gareth Stevens Pub., 2009.

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Green, Jen. Snakes. Smart Apple Media, 2011.

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Murray, Peter. Snakes. Child's World, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Snakes"

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Caldwell, Michael Wayne. "Ancient Snakes, Modern Snakes." In The Origin of Snakes. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118819-1.

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Swindells, Katrin, and Michael Schaer. "Elapid Snake Envenomation: North American Coral Snakes and Australian Elapids (Tiger Snakes, Brown Snakes, Taipans, Death Adders, and Black Snakes)." In Textbook of Small Animal Emergency Medicine. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119028994.ch142.

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"Snakes, Snakes, Snakes…" In A Conversation. Mwanaka Media and Publishing Pvt Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.8217343.35.

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Mori, Akira, and Akira Mori. "Dive in the Air Beside a Rice Paddy." In Lost Frogs and Hot Snakes. Cornell University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501774485.003.0021.

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This chapter examines the life devoted to snakes. It notes the experiences of being part of the Ashiu Experimental Forest of Kyoto University and keeping snakes at home. Snakes have many different styles of fleeing, which would have been uniquely evolved in different species or under different environmental conditions. After watching snake behavior in the field, the suitable ways to catch a snake vary from species to species, such as noticing the presence of a nearby snake by hearing a specific sound caused by its slithering. The chapter cites that the diversity of snake behavior can only be discovered when a person goes into the field and meets wild, active, healthy snakes.
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Williams, V., and J. White. "Snake venom and snakebite in Australia." In Venomous Snakes. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198549864.003.0015.

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Abstract Australian snakes are amongst the most toxic in the world, but because of the distribution of the human and snake populations and the availability of excellent medical care, of the 500-3000 cases of suspected snakebite per year, only two on average have a fatal outcome. Brown snakes (Pseudonaja spp.) are responsible for the majority of bites and have been associated with sudden rapid death. Victims of snake bite should have details of the bite recorded and a relevant medical history gathered, with particular reference to allergic responses and previous exposure to antivenom. In situations where the snake responsible for a bite is unknown, the CSL Snake Venom Detection Kit may identify the culprit and assist in determining the correct antivenom. Laboratory investigations are important, particularly coagulation tests, which may be crucial in optimizing treatment. The venoms contain a number of biologically active components including neurotoxins, myolysins, haemotoxins and possibly a nephrotoxin and these are responsible for the major clinical features: defibrination coagulopathy, paralysis, myolysis and renal damage. The diversity of snakes that may be responsible for envenomation makes the task of identification difficult; however, knowledge of local venom composition and symptomatology may assist, as does venom detection. We examined the venom of brown snakes to determine the influence geographical origin may have on venom make-up, but failed to find any evidence of a geographically predictable venom composition. Individual variability appeared to be the biggest influence on venom composition.
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Vidala, Nicolas, Jean-Claude Ragec, Arnaud Coulouxd, and S. Blair Hedgesb. "Snakes (Serpentes)." In The Timetree of Life. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199535033.003.0054.

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Abstract Snakes are among the most successful groups of reptiles, numbering about 3070 extant species (1). 7ey are divided into two main groups. The fossorial scolecophidians (370 sp.) are small snakes with a limited gape size and feed on small prey (mainly ants and termites) on a frequent basis. thealethinophidians, or typical snakes (2700 sp.), are more ecologically diverse and most species feed on relatively large prey, primarily vertebrates, on an infrequent basis (2, 3). According to most morphological studies, a distinctive evolutionary trend within living snakes is the increase of the gape size from fossorial scolecophidians (Typhlopidae, Leptotyphlopidae, and Anomalepididae) and fossorial alethinophidians (Aniliidae, Cylindrophiidae, Uropeltidae, and Anomochilidae) to ecologically diverse macrostomatan alethinophidian snakes such as boas, pythons, and caenophidians (advanced snakes) (2, but see 4). Macrostomatans are able to ingest very large prey, oJen greater in diameter than the snake itself (5), and the monophyly of the macrostomatan condition is supported by several unambiguous shared-derived characters (6). All venomous snakes are found within Caenophidia, which includes the great majority of extant snakes (2500 sp.) (1).
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Kemp, T. S. "4. Snakes." In Reptiles: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198806417.003.0004.

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The roughly 3,500 species of snakes are really a group of limbless lizards, although they are so distinctive, with so many unique features, that they are placed in their own reptile subclass, Ophidia or Serpentes. They have a worldwide distribution, occupying habitats from deserts to rainforests and seas. ‘Snakes’ describes how snakes feed, move, and make sense of their surroundings, as well as their social and reproductive behaviour. The main aspect of snake biology that accounts for their great success as hunting organisms is the way they acquire and ingest their food. The rear-fanged (colubrids) and front-fanged groups (elapids and viperids) are described along with their venom production.
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Peterson, Michael E. "Snake Bite: Coral Snakes." In Small Animal Toxicology. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-72-160639-3/50078-2.

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Brubaker, Ben, Daniel Bump, and Solomon Friedberg. "Snakes." In Weyl Group Multiple Dirichlet Series. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691150659.003.0009.

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This chapter introduces the “Snake Lemma” and uses it to prove the statement that GΓ‎(t) = GΔ‎(t′) is “often” true. It first describes an indexing of the Γ‎ preaccordion and of the Δ‎′ preaccordion; each indexing visits the episodes of the sequence in order from left to right, and after it is finished with an episode, it moves on to the next with no skipping around. Thus both indexings must be in the same episode. If there are resonances, there will be more than one possible pair of snakes. These are obtained through a process of specialization described in the proof. Any one of these pairs of snakes are considered canonical.
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Galán, Pedro, and François Brischoux. "Marooned Snakes." In Islands and Snakes. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197641521.003.0011.

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Abstract The authors of this chapter investigated the ecology of Viperine Snake (Natrix maura) populations recently isolated on the Atlantic Islands of Galicia (Spain). Post-glacial sea level rise isolated these islands from mainland Spain about 8,000 years ago. Among the organisms that were marooned on these islands, Viperine Snakes are remarkable insofar as they relied historically on freshwater environments that are largely absent from these islands. The new environmental conditions have profoundly modified their ecology. Most notably, Viperine Snakes occur almost exclusively close to the sea, where they forage on marine fish instead of freshwater amphibians. Physiological markers of foraging in seawater (osmolality and Hg levels) corroborate these field observations. Insular life also affected the morphology of Viperine Snakes, with insular snakes being larger and darker than their continental counterparts. The authors suggest that these insular snakes are a promising model organism by which to investigate evolutionary issues related to insular ecology and the transition of vertebrates to marine life.
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Conference papers on the topic "Snakes"

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Hopkins, James K., and Satyandra K. Gupta. "Analysis of a Low Effort Rectilinear Gait for a Snake-Inspired Robot." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13294.

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In recent years, snake-inspired locomotion has garnered increasing interest in the bio-inspired robotics community. This positive trend is largely due to the unique and highly effective gaits utilized by snakes to traverse various terrains and obstacles. These gaits make use of a snake’s hyper-redundant body structure to adapt to the terrain and maneuver through tight spaces. Snake-inspired robots utilizing rectilinear motion, one of the primary gaits observed in natural snakes, have demonstrated favorable results on various terrains. However, previous variations of the rectilinear gait were inefficient in cyclic displacement. These gaits generated vertical waves traveling along the length of the robot. Generating these waves required significant joint energy for relatively small horizontal displacements. This paper presents analytical and experimental results for a rectilinear gait, which demonstrates significant linear displacement for relatively low joint effort. The low effort gait functions by propagating a wave through the length of the robot via expansions and contractions of the body segments, propelling the robot platform forward. The low effort rectilinear gait is demonstrated on a robot platform that incorporates high speed linear motion and variable traction through friction. We also report the results of a case study showcasing the practical benefits of the low effort gait.
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Marvi, Hamidreza, Gregory Meyers, Geoffrey Russell, and David L. Hu. "Scalybot: A Snake-Inspired Robot With Active Control of Friction." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6174.

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Snakes are one of the world’s most versatile locomotors, at ease slithering through rubble or ratcheting up vertical tree trunks. Their adaptations for movement across complex dry terrain thus serve naturally as inspirations for search-and-rescue robotics. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we perform experiments on inclined surfaces to show a snake’s scales are critical anatomical features that enable climbing. We find corn snakes actively change their scale angle of attack by contracting their ventral muscles and lifting their bodies. We use this novel paradigm to design Scalybot, a two-link limbless robot with individually controlled sets of belly scales. The robot ascends styrofoam plates inclined up to 45°, demonstrating a climbing ability comparable to that of a corn snake in the same conditions. The robot uses individual servos to provide a spatial and temporal dependence of its belly friction, effectively anchoring the stationary part of its body while reducing frictional drag of its sliding section. The ability to actively modulate friction increases both the robot’s efficiency over horizontal surfaces and the limiting angles of inclination it can ascend.
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Vila, Cristobal. "Snakes." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Computer animation festival. ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1179196.1179281.

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Racioppo, Peter, Wael Saab, and Pinhas Ben-Tzvi. "Design and Analysis of Reduced Degree of Freedom Modular Snake Robot." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67377.

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This paper presents the design and analysis of an underactuated, cable driven mechanism for use in a modular robotic snake. The proposed mechanism is composed of a chain of rigid links that rotate on parallel revolute joints and are actuated by antagonistic cable pairs and a multi-radius pulley. This design aims to minimize the cross sectional area of cable actuated robotic snakes and eliminate undesirable nonlinearities in cable displacements. A distinctive feature of this underactuated mechanism is that it allows planar serpentine locomotion to be accomplished with only two modular units, improving the snake’s ability to conform to desired curvature profiles and minimizing the control complexity involved in snake locomotion. First, the detailed mechanism and cable routing scheme are presented, after which the kinematics and dynamics of the system are derived and a comparative analysis of cable routing schemes is performed, to assist with design synthesis and control. The moment of inertia of the mechanism is modeled, for future use in the implementation of three-dimensional modes of snake motion. Finally, a planar locomotion strategy for snake robots is devised, demonstrated in simulation, and compared with previous studies.
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Muralidhar, Gautam S., Alan C. Bovik, and Mia K. Markey. "Snakules: Snakes that seek spicules on mammography." In 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2010.5652334.

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Dahl, Anders Bjorholm, and Vedrana Andersen Dahl. "Dictionary Snakes." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2014.34.

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Imiya, Atsushi. "Digital snakes." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Longin J. Latecki, David M. Mount, and Angela Y. Wu. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.404820.

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Howing, F. "Fuzzy snakes." In 6th International Conference on Image Processing and its Applications. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19970970.

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Alvarez, Luis, Luis Baumela, Pedro Henriquez, and Pablo Marquez-Neila. "Morphological snakes." In 2010 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2010.5539900.

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Smith, Christopher E. "Anisotropic fractal snakes." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6973961.

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Reports on the topic "Snakes"

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Choset, Howie. Towards Snakes and Snake Robots on Grannular Terrain. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582230.

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Courant, Ernest D. Helical Siberian Snakes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1118911.

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Courant, E. D. Errors in Siberian Snakes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119375.

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Lee, S. Y. Snakes and spin rotators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6714405.

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Courant, E. D. Errors in Siberian snakes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10179426.

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Conte, M., and A. Luccio. Wiggler Snakes for RHIC. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151273.

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Yokoya, Kaoru. On multiple Siberian snakes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6813701.

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Courant, E. D. Orbit Matrices For Helical Snakes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119442.

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Meot F., R. Gupta, H. Huang, and N. Tsoupas. Where are the AGS snakes? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1095686.

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Courant E. D. Dipole Partial Snakes for AGS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149865.

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