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1
Denegri, Marco, Daniela Moralli, Mariano Rocchi, et al. "Human Chromosomes 9, 12, and 15 Contain the Nucleation Sites of Stress-Induced Nuclear Bodies." Molecular Biology of the Cell 13, no. 6 (2002): 2069–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.01-12-0569.
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We previously reported the identification of a novel nuclear compartment detectable in heat-shocked HeLa cells that we termed stress-induced Src-activated during mitosis nuclear body (SNB). This structure is the recruitment center for heat shock factor 1 and for a number of RNA processing factors, among a subset of Serine-Arginine splicing factors. In this article, we show that stress-induced SNBs are detectable in human but not in hamster cells. By means of hamster>human cell hybrids, we have identified three human chromosomes (9, 12, and 15) that are individually able to direct the formation of stress bodies in hamster cells. Similarly to stress-induced SNB, these bodies are sites of accumulation of hnRNP A1-interacting protein and heat shock factor 1, are usually associated to nucleoli, and consist of clusters of perichromatin granules. We show that the p13-q13 region of human chromosome 9 is sufficient to direct the formation of stress bodies in hamster>human cell hybrids. Fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that the pericentromeric heterochromatic q12 band of chromosome 9 and the centromeric regions of chromosomes 12 and 15 colocalize with stress-induced SNBs in human cells. Our data indicate that human chromosomes 9, 12, and 15 contain the nucleation sites of stress bodies in heat-shocked HeLa cells.
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Gropper, Adrienne, Katherina Zabicki Calvillo, Susan Troyan, et al. "Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) in pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.1117.
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1117 Background: SNB in PABC is not often pursued due to concerns for potential fetal harm. There are only limited data available regarding the safety and efficacy of SNB in patients (pts) with PABC. Methods: Pts with PABC who underwent SNB were identified from within an existing multi-institutional PABC cohort diagnosed 1996-2013. Factors evaluated included method and result of SNB evaluation, maternal disease outcome, and fetal outcomes. Results: Within a cohort of 78 PABC pts, 53 had breast surgery while pregnant; 23 (43%) underwent SNB, 27 (51%) underwent initial axillary node (AN) dissection, 18 of whom were clinically node negative, and 3 had no nodal evaluation. Of SNB pts, 21 (91%) had stage 1-2 disease; 14 (61%) had ER/PR+ disease and 7 (30%) HER2+. Eight (35%), 9 (39%), and 6 (26%) women had SNB in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. 99-Technetium-labelled sulfur colloid (99-Tc) alone was used for SNB in 14 pts; methylene blue (MB) dye alone was used in 7. SN was identified in 100% of pts; see Table. There were no SNB-associated complications. At a median of 2.4 years from diagnosis, there were no locoregional recurrences, 3 (13%) distant recurrences, and 1 (4%) death from breast cancer. Among pts who underwent SNB, there were 20 liveborn infants and 3 pregnancies ongoing. Of the 20 infants born, 18 were healthy, 1 unknown, and 1 had cleft palate (in setting of maternal risk factors including smoking and methadone). Conclusions: SNB in PABC appears to be a safe and accurate procedure using either 99-Tc or MB techniques. This is one of the largest experiences reported to date of SNB during PABC; however, numbers remain limited and rates of SNB in our cohort were lower than current rates in non-PABC patients. Additional research and monitoring for safety of this procedure is warranted in women with PABC. [Table: see text]
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Haseeb ur Rehman, Amra Minhas Abid, Zainab Ahmed, et al. "A Cephalometric Evaluation of Anterior Cranial Base Slope in Patients with Different Skeletal Malocclusions." Indus Journal of Bioscience Research 2, no. 2 (2024): 1388–92. https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v2i02.349.
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Objective: To assess the correlation in the anterior cranial base (SNA, SNB angles) and among the three different skeletal malocclusions. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Study setting: Orthodontic Department KRL Hospital G-9, Islamabad, from March to August 2024. Methodology: The data included lateral cephalograms of people undergoing orthodontic treatment. By simple consecutive non-random sampling technique, a total sample size of 120 patients was selected. IBM SPSS version 23.0 was used for the data analysis. Quantitative data like age, SNA, SNB and ACB slope was expressed in mean (SD) as descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the anterior cranial base and the skeletal malocclusions. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 120 patients evaluated in this study, the distribution across the three skeletal malocclusions was as follows: 10% were classified as skeletal class I, 65% as skeletal class II, and 25% as skeletal class III. A significant correlation was observed between the anterior cranial base slope and the type of skeletal malocclusion (p < 0.05). The patients with Class II malocclusion, the SNA angle was notably higher while in Class III malocclusion patients, the SNB angle was significantly increased. Additionally, the SN-FH angle demonstrated a steeper slope in Class III patients compared to those with Class I and Class II malocclusions. There was no significant difference in anterior cranial base length (BA-S) across the malocclusion groups. The correlation analysis between SNA, SNB, and the anterior cranial base slope indicated that the steepness of the cranial base plays a role in the manifestation of the skeletal malocclusions. Conclusion: This research study underscores the significance of the anterior cranial base in the development of skeletal malocclusions. The findings suggest that patients with Class II malocclusion exhibit a steeper anterior cranial base slope, whereas Class III patients tend to have a flatter cranial base slope. These variations in anterior cranial base morphology can serve as effective diagnostic tools in the assessment, evaluation, and treatment planning of skeletal malocclusions. The study also highlights the complex interplay between cranial base morphology and skeletal relationships, indicating the need for comprehensive analysis in orthodontic assessment and treatment strategies.
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Dewi, Renie Kumala, Seno Pradopo, and Sindy Cornelia Nelwan. "EARLY TREATMENT OF CLASS II DIVISION 1 MALOCCLUSION USING TWIN BLOCK APPLIANCES: A CASE REPORT." Dentino : Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi 7, no. 1 (2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/dentino.v7i1.13111.
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Background: Malocclusion is dentofacial growth deviation from its normal size and shape, thus causing abnormal occlusion. One of its etiology is heredity. Removable twin block, a functional appliance that can be used in interceptive orthodontic treatment, can be used to treat Class II malocclusion with large overjet in children during skeletal growth and development. Case: An 11-year-old boy came to pediatric dental specialist clinic with Class II division 1 Angle malocclusion (SNA 82°; SNB 74°; ANB 8°, CVM CS 4, overjet 14 mm, overbite 7 mm, and convex profile). Removable twin block for Class II malocclusion was chosen as the therapy. Case management: Removable twin block appliance with acrylic occlusal bite block was used on maxilla and mandible separately. An angle of 70° was made in the occlusal bite block, which was made based on the bite registration wax during centric occlusion. This device is used 24-hours a day. Monthly dental visit was done to reduce the maxillary and mandibular occlusal bite blocks. After 9 months, an overjet of 5 mm was obtained. Cephalometry calculations became SNA 82°; SNB 7 9 °; ANB 3 °. The patient was given further phase 2 treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance. Conclusion: With proper case selection and good patient cooperation, removable twin block appliance can correct skeletal malocclusion, improve facial profile, reduce overjet and overbite, and correct molar relations.
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ROMANINI, Renata Cristina Suzin, Silvia VEDOVELLO, Ricardo RAITZ, Milena Bortolotto Felippe SILVA, José Luiz Cintra JUNQUEIRA, and Luciana Butini OLIVEIRA. "Craniofacial features of operated unilateral complete cleft lip and palate children: a case control study." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 62, no. 4 (2014): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-8637201400040000052902.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the craniofacial features of Brazilian children who had received surgery for unilateral complete cleft lip and palate compared with non-cleft group. METHODS: Craniofacial features were evaluated on lateral cephalometric radiographs. 46 patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate were divided by gender and matched at ages 6, 7, 8 and 9. They were compared with 46 non-cleft children, equally divided by gender and matched the same age groups. All comparisons were carried out by means of the Angles SNA, SNB and ANB. The findings were analyzed on the basis of the two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with p <0.05 significance level. RESULTS: Both the angle SNA and SNB in the cleft group had a lower average in both genders and all age groups compared with the non-cleft group (p<0.0001). The average values of ANB were significantly higher in the cleft group (p<0.05) both in males and females and in all age groups studied. CONCLUSION: Children who had received surgery for unilateral complete cleft lip and palate during childhood had maxillary and mandibular retrusion and a class II skeletal pattern in relation to non-cleft group.
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Moon, Hyeong-Gon, Wonshik Han, and Dong-Young Noh. "Comparable Survival Between pN0 Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Sentinel Node Biopsy and Extensive Axillary Dissection: A Report From the Korean Breast Cancer Society." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 10 (2010): 1692–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.25.9226.
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Purpose Recent studies showing survival benefit of extensive axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in pN0 breast cancer have challenged the concept of sentinel node biopsy (SNB). In this study, the survival and recurrence after SNB alone and ALND in pN0 Korean breast cancer patients were investigated. Patients and Methods Using information from two large databases, including a Korean nationwide registry, we assessed survival relative to the extent of ALND in pN0 breast cancer patients. We also compared the survival of pN0 patients who underwent SNB alone with survival in those who underwent varying degrees of ALND. Results In an analysis of 1,607 pN0 patients from a single institution, less extensive ALND significantly increased the risks of breast cancer death and systemic recurrence but not of locoregional recurrence. These findings were validated by an analysis of nationwide registry data on 17,672 pN0 patients; patients with > 20 dissected lymph nodes had significantly better overall survival (OS) and breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS) than those with 10 to 20 or < 10 dissected lymph nodes. Patients who underwent SNB alone showed OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.03; 9% CI, 0.08 to 1.56) and BCSS (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.78) similar to those of patients who underwent extensive ALND (> 20 dissected lymph nodes), despite the small number of lymph nodes removed. Conclusion Extensive ALND is associated with better survival and less systemic recurrence than less extensive ALND in patients with pN0 breast cancer. However, SNB alone showed excellent survival results, similar to those of extensive ALND, supporting the long-term oncologic safety of SNB.
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Knauer, Michael, Peter Konstantiniuk, Anton Haid, et al. "Multicentric Breast Cancer: A New Indication for Sentinel Node Biopsy—A Multi-Institutional Validation Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 21 (2006): 3374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.05.7372.
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Purpose Multicentric breast cancer has been considered to be a contraindication for sentinel node (SN) biopsy (SNB). In this prospective multi-institutional trial, SNB-feasibility and accuracy was evaluated in 142 patients with multicentric cancer from the Austrian Sentinel Node Study Group (ASNSG) and compared with data from 3,216 patients with unicentric cancer. Patients and Methods Between 1996 and 2004, 3,730 patients underwent SNB at 15 ASNSG-affiliated hospitals. Patient data were entered in a multicenter database. One hundred forty-two patients presented with multicentric invasive breast cancer and underwent SNB. Results Intraoperatively, a mean number of 1.67 SNs were excised (identification-rate, 91.5%). The incidence of SN metastases was 60.8% (79 of 130). This was confirmed by axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in 125 patients. Of patients with positive SNs, 60.8% (48 of 79) showed involvement of nonsentinel nodes (NSNs), as did three patients with negative SNs (false-negative rate, 4.0). Sensitivity, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy were 96.0%, 93.3%, and 97.3%, respectively. Ninety-one percent of the patients underwent mastectomy, and 9% were treated with breast conserving surgery. None of the patients have shown axillary recurrence so far (mean follow-up, 28.8 months). Compared with 3,216 patients with unicentric cancer, there was a significantly higher rate of SN metastases as well as in NSNs, whereas there was no difference in detection and false-negative rates. Conclusion Multicentric breast cancer is a new indication for SNB without routine ALND in controlled trials. Given adequate quality control and an interdisciplinary teamwork of surgical, nuclear medicine, and pathology units, SNB is both feasible and accurate in this disease entity.
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Edge, Stephen B., and David G. Sheldon. "Counterpoint: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Is Not Indicated for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 1, no. 2 (2003): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2003.0019.
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The purpose of axillary surgery in breast cancer is to provide prognostic information to guide the choice of adjuvant systemic therapy. Axillary surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was abandoned in the 1980s because of the extremely low risk of lymph node metastases and high survival rates. Most women with metastases probably harbored an unrecognized focus of invasion or had metastases subsequent to an invasive local recurrence. Increased use of the less morbid sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for axillary staging of invasive cancer and the recognition that many patients will harbor micrometastases in nodes only recognized by cytokeratin immunohistochemistry (IHC) led two groups to perform SNB with IHC in women with DCIS. One group included all subtypes of DCIS and found metastases in 13% (half of which were detected only on IHC). The other group studied only patients with “high-risk” DCIS. They found metastases in 12% (7 of 9 by IHC only). These groups recommend SNB for women with DCIS. However, the use of SNB in DCIS should be tempered by the uncertainty of the prognostic significance of IHC-detected metastases, the conflicting results of these 2 studies, and the real potential to cause more harm than good from the morbidity of the procedure, the application of unnecessary axillary dissection, and the use of unwarranted adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. These results should be used to generate hypotheses for clinical trials addressing these problems. However, SNB for DCIS remains investigational and should not be generally applied.
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Boileau, Jean-Francois, Brigitte Poirier, Mark Basik, et al. "Sentinel node biopsy after neoadjuvant therapy: Relevance of sentinel node micrometastases, isolated tumor cells, and value of immunohistochemistry." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 26_suppl (2013): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.26_suppl.52.
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52 Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is used in breast cancer patients that present with clinically negative nodes. In this setting, most guidelines do not support the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and recommend against completion node dissection (CND) when only isolated tumor cells (pN0(i+)) or micrometasases (pN1mi) are identified. When SNB is used after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), the relevance of ypN0(i+) and ypN1mi sentinel nodes (SNs) and the value of IHC are not well established. The goals of this study are to determine if CND should be recommended in the presence of ypN0(i+) or ypN1mi SNs and if IHC should be used to evaluate SNs after NAT. Methods: From March 2009 to December 2012, 152 women with biopsy proven node positive breast cancer were accrued to the multicentric prospective SN FNAC trial. After NAT, SNB was followed by a CND in all participants. SNs were cut in serial slices no thicker than 2 mm. Hematoxylin and eosin stains (H and E) were done on all slices, and if negative, IHC was used. The size of the largest SN metastasis and the primary method of identification (H and E or IHC) were recorded. ypN0(i+), ypN1mi and ypN1 SNs were considered as positive. Pathology was centrally reviewed. Results: 145 women were eligible for the trial. Axillary pathologic complete response rate = 34% (49/145). SNB success rate = 88% (127/145). False negative rate = 8.4% (7/83). If ypN0(i+) SNs are classified as node negative, the false negative rate is increased to 13.3% (11/83). For patients with ypN0(i+) (n=7), ypN1mi (n=8) and ypN1 (n=61) SNs, the rates of non-SN involvement are 57%, 38% and 56% respectively (p=NS). 40% (27/68) of positive SNBs are primarily detected by IHC. This is increased to 64% (9/14) for the identification of SN metastases ≤ 2mm. Conclusions: After NAT, particularly when presenting with biopsy proven node positive breast cancer, patients with ypN0(i+) and ypN1mi SNs have a significant rate of non-SN involvement. In the absence of evidence to show that a CND can be safely avoided, efforts should be made to identify even minimal amounts of disease when SNBs are done following NAT. IHC is useful to increase the detection of small SN metastases in this setting. Clinical trial information: NCT00909441.
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Woelber, Linn, Simon A. Joosse, Donata Grimm, et al. "Correlation of Isotope Count With Sentinel Node Positivity in Vulvar Cancer." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 28, no. 7 (2018): 1403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000001298.
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ObjectiveSentinel node biopsy (SNB) has become standard of care in early stage vulvar cancer. As the correlation of isotope count with the presence of metastases remains unclear, often several active nodes are excised per groin. This can result in increased morbidity in node-negative disease despite of SNB. In the current analysis, we assess whether resection of the hottest node could be sufficient to detect sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis.MethodsPatients with primary vulvar cancer receiving an SNB with radioactive tracer at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf between 2008 and 2015 were evaluated.ResultsA total of 145 patients with SNB were analyzed; thereof, 144 underwent bilateral SNB, resulting in 289 analyzed groins. A median of 2 SLNs (range, 1–7) per groin were removed. From 94 (32.5%) of 289 groins, more than 2 SLNs were excised. Median overall SLN isotope count was 1400 cps. In 50 groins, a positive SLN was detected (unilateral in 38 patients, bilateral in 6). The median number of positive SLN per groin was 1 (range, 1–4). The SLN with the highest isotope count carried metastases in 36 (78.3%) of 46 groins (in 4 cases, the highest count was unknown). In 10 (21.7%) of 46 positive groins, the SLN with the highest count was not the metastatic SLN (9/10 second highest count). Median count of these 10 SLN was 60% of the highest count with a range from 11.0% to 74.0%.ConclusionsThe highest isotope count does not reliably detect the positive SLN in vulvar cancer. To prevent mostly fatal groin recurrences, surgeons should continue to remove all SLN accumulating relevant radioactive tracer over background activity.
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Watanabe, Hidetaka, Yuko Takao, Yuriko Katagiri, Rie Sugihara, and Uhi Toh. "Abstract PO3-23-01: Triple-tracer Technique for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy of Breast Cancer after neoadjuvant Chemotherapy using Blue-dye, Radioisotope combined with Real-time Indocyanine green(ICG) Fluorescence Imaging Procrdures." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO3–23–01—PO3–23–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po3-23-01.
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Abstract Background: For post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) patients (pts) with BC, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) was recommended using the dual-tracer mapping technique (radioisotope plus blue dye) or placing a biopsy clip into the positive node at diagnosis and identifying it at the time of surgery due to SN identification rates (IR) were lower and false negative rates (FNR) were greater for pts with local advanced breast cancer (BC) than those of pts with early stage BC in the absence of NAC. Our previous clinical trial has indicated that the real-time ICG fluorescence (RT-ICG) imaging technique could improve the diagnostic sensitivity and detection accuracy for SNB. Methods: Between April 2019 and May 2022, post-NAC SNB were successfully identified in 45 of 52 patients with stage ⅡA to ⅢB (T1-T3, N0-2, M0) who had histologically confirmed breast cancer selected to receive NAC and the standard surgeries were performed after finishing NAC. The SNs was detected by conventional procedures of blue-dye (Indigo carmine) plus 99mTc radioisotope (dual-tracer) and combined with concurrent RT-ICG technique. Clinical node positive (cN+) was diagnosed by the radiologists using axillary ultrasound, MRI and/or CT scan or assessed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The positivity of each single SN by each single tracer (blue dye, ICG, or isotope alone) was counted and identified, respectively. All patients are required to undergo SNB followed by completion axillary lymph node dissection (CND). Then the IR and FNR of each single tracer and their summation (triple tracer) were calculated by comparing the results of the SNB and the histopathology of the resection specimens of CND. Results: Among 45 post-NAC pts, the IR and FNR of each single procedure for SNB was 45.7% and 55.6% when used Indigo Carmine blue, 70.3% and 11.1% when used RI, 82.6% and 0 when used ICG fluorescence, respectively. In contrast, the total calculation of triple tracer showed that IR reached to 100% and FNR was 0, respectively. The IR of triple tracer were 83.9% and 100% for ypN0 and ypN(+) pts after NAC, both FNR were 0%. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the triple tracer technique combining blue dye, ICG, and isotope is effective method for detection of SNs in post-neoadjuvant cN+ BC pts. The IR and FNR of SNB might be improved by this multiple tracer mapping technique, particularly for pts with ypN(+) after NAC. It is considered that the multi-tracer can complement each other for what was not able to be traced and detected by the single tracer with one mapping material, and that result in totally the improvement of identification rate of SNB. Citation Format: Hidetaka Watanabe, Yuko Takao, Yuriko Katagiri, Rie Sugihara, Uhi Toh. Triple-tracer Technique for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy of Breast Cancer after neoadjuvant Chemotherapy using Blue-dye, Radioisotope combined with Real-time Indocyanine green(ICG) Fluorescence Imaging Procrdures [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-23-01.
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Pitsinis, Vassilis, Rahul Kanitkar, Alessio Vinci, Emad Elseedawy, Laura Canna, and John R. Benson. "Abstract PO2-23-02: Results of a prospective randomised multicentre study comparing indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence combined with a standard tracer versus ICG alone for sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer: The INFLUENCE Trial." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO2–23–02—PO2–23–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po2-23-02.
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Abstract Background: Use of fluorescence mapping for visualization of lymphatic and nodal tissue for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) reveals high rates of identification (&gt;98%). Studies combining ICG with either blue dye or radioisotope (RI) have shown high levels of concordance (&gt;90%) and comparable performance parameters between ICG and standard tracers for SNB localization. ICG combines many advantages of blue dye and RI without the disadvantages of allergic reactions, staining of skin and surgical tissues along with handling and disposal of radioactivity materials. Moreover, magnetic tracers pose challenges of interference relating to surgical instrumentation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The combination of ICG with a conventional tracer may represent a transition phase and this randomized study evaluates ICG as a sole tracer agent for SNB in early-stage breast cancer. Methods: In a prospective randomized study, 100 patients with unilateral clinically node negative tumours scheduled to undergo routine SNB for core-biopsy proven invasive breast cancer (≤5cm) were identified at multidisciplinary meetings [non-invasive tumours excluded]. All patients had pre-operative axillary ultrasound and breast conserving surgery or mastectomy. Patients were recruited in two cohorts (n=50); cohort 1 was assigned to either ICG [2ml 0.5%] alone (n=25) or combined with RI [Technetium99 nanocolloid, 20MBq] (n=25). Cohort 2 received ICG alone (n=25) or combined with blue dye for SNB localization. The number of nodes whether blue, radioactive, fluorescent or a combination thereof were recorded. Lymphatic and nodal tissue was visualized with a fluorescent camera/detection system. Sensitivity of ICG alone and/or in combination with one or another standard tracer was calculated. The main objective was to assess the performance of ICG alone compared with a standard tracer combination in terms of rates of SNB identification along with procedural node positivity rates. Statistical analysis employed Chi-Square test, Fisher’s Exact test, and logistic regression to determine differences between groups. Results: A total of 100 patients were randomized between March and December 2022 with 3 patients excluded from analysis (non-receipt of treatment allocation). Amongst evaluable patients (n=97), the overall SNB identification rate was 96.9% and by tracer category as follows: ICG alone = 97.9% (46/47); ICG + RI = 100% (25/25); ICG + blue dye = 92% (23/25). For cohort 1, the procedural node positivity rates were 17% for ICG alone and 18% for ICG + RI with corresponding figures of 12% for ICG alone and 20% for ICG + blue dye for cohort 2. Mean procedural node retrieval per case was 2.5 in ICG alone Vs ICG + Blue Dye and 2.3 in ICG alone Vs ICG/RI cohorts. There were no significant differences (p&gt;0.05) in performance of ICG alone or combined with a standard tracer, with ICG alone being non-inferior in terms of procedural and nodal detection rates. Similar conclusions were reached from a secondary analysis adjusting for BMI, age and mode of detection (screening/symptomatic). Conclusion: ICG fluorescence imaging permits real-time visualisation of lymphatics and gives an additional dimension to SNB that appears safe versus the competitive alternatives. These results confirm high sensitivity for fluorescence localisation alone for SNB with comparable performance to combined methods with blue dye or RI. The fluorochrome ICG is reliable as a sole tracer and avoids potential drawbacks of blue dye and RI including staining, allergic reactions, availability and costs. Citation Format: Vassilis Pitsinis, Rahul Kanitkar, Alessio Vinci, Emad Elseedawy, Laura Canna, John R Benson. Results of a prospective randomised multicentre study comparing indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence combined with a standard tracer versus ICG alone for sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer: The INFLUENCE Trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-23-02.
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Toms, Andrew P. "Class III Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study of Saudi Arabians." British Journal of Orthodontics 16, no. 3 (1989): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.16.3.201.
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The records of 500 consecutive Saudi Arabian patients referred for orthodontic treatment were examined clinically and cephalometrically for Class III malocclusion. A control group was drawn at random from the same sample. The incidence of Class III was 9·4 per cent, with mandibular prognathism being the commonest presentation of the malocclusion. The upper and lower incisors exhibited a marked degree of dentoalveolar compensation, on dental bases having mean values of SNA—78·77° and SNB—81·17°. The maxillary length was reduced, as were the saddle and maxillary—mandibular plane angles. The gonial angle (ArGoMe), anterior and posterior facial heights, and mandibular lengths (ArGo, ArPo) were all significantly larger than the control group. The cephalometric values of the control group showed the increased tendency to bimaxillary protrusion in the Saudi Arabian sample.
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Grekov, Igor, Milena Svobodová, Eva Nohýnková, and Marie Lipoldová. "Preparation of highly infective Leishmania promastigotes by cultivation on SNB-9 biphasic medium." Journal of Microbiological Methods 87, no. 3 (2011): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2011.08.012.
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Woelber, Linn Lena, Simon Joosse, Donata Grimm, et al. "Correlation of isotope count with sentinel node positivity in vulvar cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): e17033-e17033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e17033.
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e17033 Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has become standard of care in early stage vulvar cancer. As the correlation of isotope count with the presence of metastases remains unclear, often several active nodes are excised per groin. This can result in increased morbidity in node-negative disease despite of SNB. In the current analysis we assess, whether resection of the hottest node could be sufficient to detect sentinel lymph node (SNL) metastasis. Methods: All patients with primary vulvar cancer receiving a SNB with radioactive tracer at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf between 2008 and 2015 were evaluated. The day before surgery, patients received four peritumoral intradermal deposits at 3, 6, 9 and 12 o’clock with an overall mean dosage of 85±12MBq99mTc–nanocolloid. Planar lymphscintigraphy was performed one hour after injection. Intraoperatively, a handheld gamma counter was used to identify the SNL. Results: 146 patients with SNB were included; thereof 145 pts underwent bilateral SNB, resulting in 291 analyzed groins. A median of 2 (range 1-7) SNL per groin were removed. From 95/291 (32.6%) groins more than 2 SNL were excised. Median overall SNL isotope count was 1400. In 52 groins, a positive SNL was detected (unilateral in 38 patients, bilateral in 7). The median number of positive SNL per groin was 1 (range 1-4). There was no difference of median count in negative compared to positive SNL (median count 1396 vs. 1614; p=0.90). The SNL with the highest isotope count carried metastases in 36/48 groins (75.0%; in 4 cases the highest count was unknown). In 12/48 (25.0%) positive groins, the SNL with the highest count was not the metastatic SNL (11/12 second highest count). Median count of these 12 SNL was 58.8% of the highest count with a range from 6.0% to 74.0%. Conclusions: The highest isotope count does not reliably detect the positive SNL in vulvar cancer. To prevent mostly fatal groin recurrences, surgeons should continue to remove all SNL accumulating relevant radioactive tracer over minimal background activity.
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Lisovsky, Mikhail, Shannon N. Schutz, Michael G. Drage, Xiaoying Liu, Arief A. Suriawinata, and Amitabh Srivastava. "Number of Lymph Nodes in Primary Nodal Basin and a “Second Look” Protocol as Quality Indicators for Optimal Nodal Staging of Colon Cancer." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 141, no. 1 (2016): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0401-oa.
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Context.—Evaluation of 12 or more lymph nodes (LNs) is currently used as a quality indicator for adequacy of pathologic examination of colon cancer resections. Objective.—To evaluate the utility of a focused LN search in the immediate vicinity of the tumor and a “second look” protocol in improving LN staging in colon cancer. Design.—Lymph nodes were submitted separately from the primary nodal basin (PNB) and secondary nodal basin (SNB) defined as an area less than 5 cm away and an area greater than 5 cm away from the tumor edge, respectively, in 201 consecutive resections (2010–2013). One hundred sixty-eight consecutive tumors (2006–2009) were used as a control group. A second search was performed in all cases that were N0 after the first search. Results.—In cases that were N0 after the first search, 20.9 ± 10.8 LNs were collected from the PNB, compared to 8.5 ± 9.1 from the SNB. Positive LNs were found in N+ tumors in the PNB in all cases but in only 9% (4 of 46) of SNBs (P &lt; .001). A second search increased node count by an average of 10 additional LNs. In 5 of 114 cases (4.4%), N0 after the first search converted to N+ after a second search that yielded 1 to 4 positive LNs, all of which were in the PNB. Conclusions.—Emphasis on the number of LNs examined from the PNB and a “second look” protocol improve nodal staging.
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Shrestha, Raju, Hemant Kumar Halwai, Sumit Kumar Yadav, and Sandeep Kumar Gupta. "Skeletal, Dentoalveolar and Soft tissue Components of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion among Nepalese Orthodontic Patients: A Cephalometric Study." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 12, no. 2 (2022): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v12i2.48382.
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Introduction: The understanding of the craniofacial morphology of skeletal Class II malocclusion is a key element in planning orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to describe various skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue components of skeletal Class II malocclusion in Nepalese orthodontic patients. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Lateral cephalograms of 70 patients with skeletal class II malocclusion of age greater than 1 8 years, and ANB > 4°, were traced. Various skeletal, dentoalveolar, and softtissue measurements were taken. Descriptive statistics were performed followed by an independent sample t-test to find the difference in mean of various cephalometric parameters between males and females. Result: Among 70 subjects, 54 samples had class II div 1 malocclusion and 16 had class II div 2 malocclusion. Mandibular retrognathism was seen in 37 subjects having skeletal Class II Div 1 malocclusion and in 9 subjects with Class II Div 2 malocclusion. The mean value of SNA was 82.91 ° ± 2.87°, SNB was 76.81 ° ± 2.97°, and ANB was 6.11 ° ± 1.22° in Class II Div 1 subjects. In subjects with Class II Div 2, the mean value of SNA was 82.31 ° ± 3.19°, SNB was 76° ± 4.08°, and ANB was 5.44° ± 1.21 °. Mean value of U1 to NA degree and linear measurement was Class II div 1 was 28.30° ± 6.86° degree and 5.56 ± 2.76 mm respectively. Similarly, mean value of LI to NA degree and linear measurement was 31 .93° ± 5.96° and 6.16 ± 2.37 mm respectively. Mean and standard deviation value of upper lip to S-line and lower lip to S-line was 2.85 ± 2.1 3 mm and 3.54 ± 2.47 mm respectively in Class II Div 1 subjects. Similarly, in Class II Div 2 it was 1.50 ± 2.16 mm and 0.13 ± 2.66 mm respectively. Mean and standard deviation value of nasolabial angle was 93.69° ± 12.91° in Class II div 1 and 96.38° ± 12.26° degree in Class II Div 2. The mean values of most cephalometric parameters did not differ statistically between male and female subjects with Class II div 1 malocclusion. Conclusion: In subjects with skeletal Class II mean value of SNA was within normal range whereas SNB was decreased. Retrognathia and a small mandible in relation to the cranial base with a well-positioned maxilla were observed in the majority of subjects. Mean U1 to NA angular and linear measurement was increased in Class II Div 1, whereas they were decreased in Class II Div 2.
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Nakamura, Rikiya, Shouko Hayama, Rikiya Nakamura, and Naohito Yamamoto. "Abstract PO4-22-10: Prognostic impact of preoperative lymph node diagnostic tools for patients with suspicious node positive breast cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO4–22–10—PO4–22–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po4-22-10.
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Abstract (Abstract) Recently, the SOUND trial demonstrated the feasibility for omission of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) in cases with negative ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) of suspicious lymph nodes (LNs). An important consideration for omission of SNB depends on a highly accurate assessment of preoperative staging for axillary LNs. (Purpose) The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of preoperative diagnostic tools for axillary lymph nodes (LNs) staging of early breast cancer. (Materials and Methods) A total of 3088 consecutive patients with operable breast cancer were retrospectively identified at our institution between April 2013 and March 2020. Patients with suspicious axillary LN of breast cancer were assessed using preoperative US and computed tomography (CT), underwent FNA or core needle biopsy (CNB). The inclusion criteria for both FNA and CNB were a cortical thickness [3 mm or abnormal morphological characteristics. Patients with biopsy-proven metastasis underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and those with a negative FNA or CNB underwent SNB. If the SNB was positive, ALND was performed. Diagnostic accuracy for SNB was calculated for both FNA and CNB. In addition, the patients in this study were divided into two groups as follows: the cN0-FNA negative group (suspicious LN but negative FNA) and the cN0-CNB group (suspicious LN but negative CNB). Overall survival (OS)and invasive disease survival(iDFS) was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by using the log-rank test. (Results) A number of patients with negative or suspicious metastasis US/CT findings of LNs were 3187, with 963 undergoing FNA and 395 undergoing CNB for suspicious LNs. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 63, 99, 99, 73, and 81% in FNA, and 87, 100, 100, 91 and 95% in CNB, respectively. SNB was performed in 207 (cN0-CNB group) of 395 CNB and 581 (cN0-FNA group) of 963 FNA patients. Two hundred and seven patients from the cN0-CNB group (T1ab; 42, T1c; 72, T2;84, T3;9 patients) treated with SNB were compared to 581 from the cN0-FNA group (T1ab;86, T1c;193, T2;278, T3;24 patients) in terms of number of LN metastasis. A number of patients with micrometastases, 1,2,3 or more than 4 positive LNs were 5(2%),7(3%),3(1%)9,3(1%) and 0 (0%) in cN0-CNB group, and 23(4%),67(12%),26(4%),12(2%) and 29 (5%) in cN0-FNA group, respectively. The significant difference in 5ys iDFS and OS was observed between CNB group and FNA group (94.2% vs.91.4%, p =0.04 and 99% vs. 95%, p=0.004, respectively). Conclusions The preoperative diagnosis of axillary LNs was influenced by the diagnostic tool used. CNB is a reliable method for the preoperative diagnosis of LN metastasis. The prognosis of early breast cancer with clinically metastasis-negative lymph nodes diagnosed by CNB is better than that by FNA. Table. Number of positive lymph nodes cN0-FNA (%) cN0-CNB (%) Total 207 100 581 100 0 189 91 424 73 micrometastasis 5 2 23 4 1 7 3 67 12 2 3 1 26 4 3 3 1 12 2 4 more than 0 0 29 5 Citation Format: Rikiya Nakamura, Shouko Hayama, Rikiya Nakamura, Naohito Yamamoto. Prognostic impact of preoperative lymph node diagnostic tools for patients with suspicious node positive breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-22-10.
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Cuevas, Jaime, David González-Diéguez, Susanne Dreisigacker, et al. "Modeling within and between Sub-Genomes Epistasis of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat for Genome-Enabled Prediction of Diseases." Genes 15, no. 3 (2024): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes15030262.
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Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a hexaploid crop comprising three diploid sub-genomes labeled A, B, and D. The objective of this study is to investigate whether there is a discernible influence pattern from the D sub-genome with epistasis in genomic models for wheat diseases. Four genomic statistical models were employed; two models considered the linear genomic relationship of the lines. The first model (G) utilized all molecular markers, while the second model (ABD) utilized three matrices representing the A, B, and D sub-genomes. The remaining two models incorporated epistasis, one (GI) using all markers and the other (ABDI) considering markers in sub-genomes A, B, and D, including inter- and intra-sub-genome interactions. The data utilized pertained to three diseases: tan spot (TS), septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), and spot blotch (SB), for synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) lines. The results (variance components) indicate that epistasis makes a substantial contribution to explaining genomic variation, accounting for approximately 50% in SNB and SB and only 29% for TS. In this contribution of epistasis, the influence of intra- and inter-sub-genome interactions of the D sub-genome is crucial, being close to 50% in TS and higher in SNB (60%) and SB (60%). This increase in explaining genomic variation is reflected in an enhancement of predictive ability from the G model (additive) to the ABDI model (additive and epistasis) by 9%, 5%, and 1% for SNB, SB, and TS, respectively. These results, in line with other studies, underscore the significance of the D sub-genome in disease traits and suggest a potential application to be explored in the future regarding the selection of parental crosses based on sub-genomes.
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Tsiapali, Ekaterini, Marcia M. Schmidt, Don Dizon, Margaret Steinhoff, and Jennifer Gass. "Patterns of Cellular Distribution with the Sentinel Node Positive for Breast Cancer." International Journal of Breast Cancer 2011 (2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/873987.
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Background. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) represents the standard of care in breast cancer axillary evaluation. Our study aims to characterize the patterns of malignant cell distribution within the sentinel nodes (SN).Methods. In a retrospective IRB-approved study, we examined the anatomic location of the nodal area with the highest radioactive signal or most intense blue staining (hot spot) and its distance from the metastatic foci.Results. 58 patients underwent SNB between January 2006 and February 2007. 12 patients with 19 positive SN were suitable for analysis. 4 (21%) metastases were located in the nodal hilum and 15 (79%) in the cortex. 6 (31%) metastases were found adjacent to the hotspot, and 9 (47%) within 4 mm of the hotspot.Conclusions. In our pilot series, SN metastases were within 4 mm of the hotspot in 78% of the cases. Pathologic analysis focused in that area may contribute to the more accurate identification of nodal metastases.
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Tulunoglu, Ozlem, Elcin Esenlik, Ayse Gulsen, and Ibrahim Tulunoglu. "A Comparison of Three-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Cephalometric Evaluations of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate." European Journal of Dentistry 05, no. 04 (2011): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698918.
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ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the consistency of orthodontic measurement performed on cephalometric films and 3D CT images of cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. Methods: The study was conducted with 2D radiographs and 3D CT images of 9 boys and 6 girls aged 7-12 with CLP. 3D reconstructions were performed using MIMICS software. Results: Frontal analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except occlusal plane tilt (OcP-tilt) and McNamara analysis found statistical differences in 2D and 3D measurements for all parameters except ANS-Me and Co-Gn; Steiner analysis found statistical differences for all parameters except SND, SNB and Max1-SN. Intra-group variability in measurements was also very low for all parameters for both 2D and 3D images. Conclusions: Study results indicate significant differences between measurements taken from 2D and 3D images in patients with cleft lip and palate. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:451-458)
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Pithon, Matheus Melo, Rogério Lacerda dos Santos, Gêisa Aiane de Morais Sampaio, Izaura Helena Chaves de Meneses, and Raildo Silva Coqueiro. "Anteroposterior and Vertical Changes in Skeletal Class II Patients Treated With Modified Thurow Appliance." Brazilian Dental Journal 25, no. 2 (2014): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302389.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the post-treatment anteroposterior and vertical alterations in skeletal Class II malocclusion with different maxillary patterns in patients treated with modified Thurow appliance. Forty-five patients (22 girls and 23 boys) with skeletal Class II and angle SN.GoGn ≤ 35 and different maxillary patterns (n=15), as follows: retrusive (SNA<80°), normal (SNA=80°- 84°) or protrusive (SNA>84°) maxilla; mean age 9 years at pre-treatment (T1) and 9 years and 10 months at post-treatment (T2), were treated with modified Thurow cervical traction appliance, with expander screw and extraoral face bow with 10° to 20° fold in relation to the intraoral arch. Force of 500 gf was applied and use for 12 to 14 h/day, with fortnightly adjustments. Analysis of variance ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Mann-Whitney were used (α=5%). In changes obtained from stage T1 to T2, no statistically significant differences were found among the groups Protrusive, normal and retrusive maxilla for the variables SNB, SN.GoGn, 1.NA, overjet, overbite and Class II discrepancy (right and left) (p>0.05). Angular measurements SNA and ANB in the protrusive maxilla group were significantly greater than in the normal and retrusive maxilla groups (p<0.01). However, in the normal maxilla group these values did not differ significantly from those of the retrusive maxilla group (p>0.05). Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that the modified Thurow cervical traction appliance was efficient for the correction of skeletal Class II irrespective of the maxillary pattern. The mandible had no significant rotation during treatment.
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Liu, Lijuan, Yuting Liu, Kai Guo, Haojie Ma, and Fanghong Yang. "Soft and hard tissue changes after compensatory treatment in skeletal class III malocclusion." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0322551. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322551.
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Background The camouflage treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion can include both premolar extraction and mandibular third molar extraction-based approaches. This study aimed to compare an all four second premolar extraction approach with a mandibular third molar extraction and temporary anchorage devices (TADs)-based approach for compensatory orthodontic treatment in mild to moderate skeletal class III malocclusion. Methods 31 subjects (mean age = 19.65 ± 3.91 years, male = 12, female = 19) with skeletal class III malocclusion were included in this retrospective, observational study. Lateral cephalograms taken before and after treatment were used to perform measurements for 7 dental indicators, 9 skeletal indicators, and 5 soft tissue indicators. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the cephalometric measurements between groups. Results The patients’ profiles were improved after treatment, and molars reached a neutral occlusal relationship. Dental cephalometric measurements showed that mandibular incisor to mandibular plane angle (IMPA) (-7.73 ± 4.72°), lower incisor–Nasion–B point angle (L1-NB angle) (-8.36 ± 4.57°),and the lower incisor–Nasion–B point distance (L1-NB distance) (-2.02 ± 1.42 mm) all significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the premolar extraction group, while the changes were non-significant in the mandibular third molar extraction group, and the between-group differences were significant. The angle between the long axis of upper incisors and that of lower incisors (U1-L1) increased significantly (7.76 ± 8.55°) in the premolar extraction group but decreased significantly in the mandibular third molar extraction group (-4.64 ± 5.96°) (P < 0.05). Skeletal cephalometric measurements showed that Sella–Nasion–B point angle (SNB), decreased (premolar extraction group: -1.43 ± 0.87°, mandibular third molar extraction group: -0.71 ± 0.73°), A point–Nasion–B point angle (ANB) increased (premolar extraction group: 1.01 ± 0.86°, mandibular third molar extraction group: 1.22 ± 0.93°) and Wits increased (premolar extraction group: 1.39 ± 0.93 mm, mandibular third molar extraction group: 1.00 ± 0.60 mm) significantly in both groups, P < 0.05; with a significantly larger decrease in SNB in the premolar extraction group (P < 0.05). Soft tissue measurement items showed lower lip eversion (LL-E) decreased (premolar extraction group: 1.77 ± 1.61 mm, mandibular third molar extraction group: 0.76 ± 1.14 mm) and Lip Difference increased (premolar extraction group: 2.30 ± 0.58 mm, mandibular third molar extraction group: (2.01 ± 0.52 mm) significantly in both groups (P < 0.05), with between-group differences non-significant. Analysis of co-variance accounting for the pre-treatment values as the covariate, showed significant effects of the treatment group for the parameters IMPA, L1-NB (mm), L1-NB (°), U1-L1(°), SNA, SNB, and Wits value. Conclusion For mild and moderate skeletal class III malocclusion patients, both premolar extraction and mandibular third molar extraction with TAD-based approaches showed good clinical outcomes. The premolar extraction group showed greater SNB angle and compensatory lingual inclination of the lower incisors, along with significant reduction in OP-SN angle in the mandibular third molar extraction group, which contributed to the counterclockwise movement of the occlusal plane. Soft tissue changes mainly included improvements in lower lip protrusion with no significant differences noted between the two groups.
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Aliyeva, Sh., F. Huseynova, Z. Abseynova, S. Eyvazli, and I. Masimova. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEISHMANIA PARASITES IN DIFFERENT NUTRIENT ENVIRONMENTS." Scientific heritage, no. 159 (April 27, 2025): 4–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15292246.
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Leishmaniasis is a serious parasitic disease prevalent in the Middle East and Mediterranean countries. In vitro culture of parasites is of particular importance for preparing a vaccine against the disease and studying the sensitivity of the causative agent to drugs. A wide spectrum of methods is available for the cultivation of Leishmania in both biphasic and liquid media. Biphasic media are suitable for primary isolation of parasites and for achieving high infectivity of promastigotes, while liquid media are more suitable for large-scale experiments. In different studies, Leishmania parasites were cultured in different nutrient media. As a result of the research, optimization of the cultivation of Leishmania promastigotes in biphasic SNB-9 (saline-neopeptone-blood) medium, which combines the advantages of biphasic and liquid medium, originally prepared for trypanosomes, was proposed. In other studies, a novel blood-free biphasic nutrient medium with hemoglobin was prepared for the cultivation of L.donovani promastigotes. Also simple agar, nutrient broth, medium consisting of 10% fetal bovine serum; new nutrient medium consisting of simple ingredients that can provide promastigote culture with high viability has been proposed. All these studies are very important from the point of view of preparing new mediums that are easier to use and alternative to the classical nutrient medium used in the cultivation of Leishmania parasites in the future.
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Parmar, Vani, Zeal Sanghvi, Shalaka Joshi, et al. "Abstract PO3-03-03: Prospective non-randomized study to compare accuracy of clinical examination under anesthesia, axillary ultrasound and histo-pathological evaluation for axillary nodal staging in women with clinically N0 early breast cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO3–03–03—PO3–03–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po3-03-03.
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Abstract Introduction: Accurate assessment of axillary lymph nodes is crucial in the management of early breast cancer (EBC), especially in clinically node negative (cN0) axilla to avoid extensive axillary surgery. Clinical examination alone underestimates nodal disease in nearly 30% women with cN0 axilla. The current study compares, in cN0 axilla, the benefit of axillary ultrasonography (USG) and clinical axillary examination under anesthesia (EUA) to predict involvement of axillary lymph nodes. The gold standard in these patients however remains pathological evaluation after sentinel node biopsy/low axillary sampling (SNB/LAS) and a complete axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) if node positive. Methodology: Prospectively, 500 women with cN0 EBC were enrolled from Aug 2015 to April 2023 in a study approved by Institutional Ethics Committee. After informed consenting, a preoperative axillary USG was carried out in addition to standard breast imaging to determine number of axillary node(s) and its architecture. The USG assessment was labeled as suspicious or not and the result was blinded to the surgeons. A USG-guided FNAC was not performed as it would then be difficult to blind the surgeon and pathologist preoperatively. During surgery, an initial axillary EUA was performed before starting and any suspicious node was documented. This was followed by axillary staging by standard dual tracer SNB/LAS. A complete axillary dissection was done (level 1-3) if any node was positive on frozen section evaluation or final histopathology. Axillary node histopathology was the gold standard for comparison of effectiveness of clinical exam, USG, EUA, and SNB/LAS for prediction of axilla. Standard diagnostic tests such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were used. Results: Thirty-six patients were excluded in the final analysis (disease progression, chemotherapy first, or had a surgery elsewhere). Of the eligible 464 cN0 patients, 129 were detected to have axillary metastases (27.8%) in final histopathology. The 2 interventions namely USG axilla, EUA were compared to final axillary nodal histopathology. Axillary USG reported suspicious/indeterminate node(s) in 129 (27.8%) patients. USG had a low sensitivity of 46.5% and a low PPV of 46.5% to identify a positive node. However, the specificity and NPV both were 79.4%. Axillary USG was 70.2% accurate in predicting axillary nodal involvement. EUA also had sensitivity of 60% and low PPV of 14.8%. However, the specificity of EUA was 73.4%, NPV of 95.9%; higher than that of USG. EUA was 72.4% accurate. SNB/LAS had the sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity 79.2%, NPV 82.9%, PPV 91.6% and accuracy rate 89.2% in predicting a positive axilla. Conclusions: While the fallacy of clinical exam remains at 27.8%, both USG alone (without FNAC) and EUA failed in predicting a positive axillary node. EUA fared better at predicting a negative axilla. USG guided FNAC would perhaps improve the sensitivity of USG, however additional investigations are difficult in resource constraint and high-volume center, especially, when surgical interventions like SNB or LAS remain standard of care. Table 1 Citation Format: Vani Parmar, Zeal Sanghvi, Shalaka Joshi, Nita Nair, Palak Popat, Seema Kembhavi, Souwmyashree KN, Soujanya Mynalli, Purvi Thakkar, Garvit Chitkara, Sangeeta Desai, Tanuja Shet, Rajendra Badwe. Prospective non-randomized study to compare accuracy of clinical examination under anesthesia, axillary ultrasound and histo-pathological evaluation for axillary nodal staging in women with clinically N0 early breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-03-03.
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Goyal, Amit, Andrea Marshall, Sophie Nicholls, et al. "Practice patterns in ongoing neoadjuvant ATNEC trial for patients with cT1-3N1M0 breast cancer: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), targeted axillary dissection and breast conservation rates." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (2023): e12609-e12609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e12609.
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e12609 Background: Patients presenting with cT1-3N1M0 breast cancer often receive NACT to enable breast and/or axillary conservation. Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) (sentinel node biopsy (SNB) + removal of marked involved node) has been proposed to reduce the false negative rate of SNB after NACT in cN1 patients. In ATNEC, cT1-3N1M0 patients receive NACT followed by SNB/TAD. If the sentinel nodes (SN) have converted to benign (ypN0), patients are randomly assigned to Axillary Treatment vs no Axillary Treatment. Node marking is recommended in the study and sites are offered training to help them adopt node marking in a standardized way. Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the practice patterns and response to NACT, uptake of node marking, marked node identification rates and breast conservation rates in the ongoing UK ATNEC trial. The trial aims to recruit 1900 patients. Methods: Data for all patients who were randomized until 01-Feb-23 across 78 UK centers were included in these analyses. Patients were cT1-3N1M0 at presentation, received NACT and were found to have no residual nodal disease (ypN0) on SNB/TAD. Results: Among the 120 randomized patients (median age 54 [range 28-77] years) (median BMI 26.4 [range 17.6-51.1]), 53% (64) were post-menopausal, 78% (94) had breast conserving surgery (BCS) and 22% (26) mastectomy. At presentation, 14% (17) were T3, 64% (77) T2 and 20% (24) T1. 70% (84) had grade 3 tumors. 62% (74) were HER2 positive, 31% (37) triple negative (TNBC) and 9% (7) HER2 negative (ER or PgR positive). 54% (65) had an anthracycline and taxane based NACT and 36%(43) had platinum containing NACT. Median of 4 nodes [interquartile range 3-5] were removed during SNB/TAD. Of 109 patients with node marking data, the involved node was marked in 73% (80). The marked node was identified and removed in 95% (76/80), marked node was the SN in 88% (67/76). Of the 109 patients with data for breast tumor post NACT, 69% (75) had pathological complete response (pCR), 7% (8) DCIS only, 24% (26) invasive cancer. Of the 63 patients with complete breast tumor response on imaging, 17% (11) had residual DCIS/invasive cancer. 50% (21/42) of patients with partial response or stable breast tumor on imaging had no residual tumor on histology (ypT0). Of the 107 patients with data on post NACT axillary imaging, 14% (15) had partial or stable disease but pCR on histology. Conclusions: Majority of UK patients having NACT have HER2 positive or TNBC. Although 69% patients had a pCR (ypT0) in the breast, BCS rates remain low. Imaging has limited accuracy in predicting pCR after NACT. 3 in 4 patients randomized had their node marked, with a 95% intra-operative identification rate; demonstrating ATNEC has successfully rolled out node marking in the UK. Clinical trial information: NCT04109079 .
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Raveli, Dirceu Barnabé, Savana Maia, Luana Paz Sampaio, Denise Rocha Goes Landázuri, and Taísa Boamorte Raveli. "Longitudinal study of mandibular behavior in Class I subjects with vertical and horizontal growth." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 17, no. 6 (2012): 25e1–25e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512012000600010.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate possible differences in mandibular behavior in Class I individuals with vertical and horizontal growth patterns. METHODS: The sample consisted of 20 untreated Class I individuals divided into: Group 1 comprising 10 individuals with vertical growth pattern and Group 2 comprising 10 individuals with horizontal growth pattern, all of them belonging to the Burlington Growth Center files, University of Toronto-Canada, radiographically followed-up at ages 9, 12 and 21. Cephalometric radiographs, determined mean values for a long-term evaluation of mandibular behavior using the following measurements: SNB, Co-GN, SN.GoMe, anterior facial height and posterior facial height. RESULTS: SNB and Co-Gn values were higher in horizontal growth group at all of the ages studied; SN.GoMe measure was significantly lower in horizontal growth group; anterior facial height (AFH) showed lower values in individuals with horizontal growth pattern; and posterior facial height (PFH) showed lower values in individuals with vertical growth pattern. CONCLUSION: Long-term comparisons of Class I individuals' growth tendencies indicate that there are significant differences between both groups. Mandible showed a trend to clockwise rotation in Group 1. Group 2 showed a trend to brachycephalic facial form, due to the deficit in vertical development with regard to anterior facial height.
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Liu, Zhaohui, Ibrahim El-Basyoni, Gayan Kariyawasam, et al. "Evaluation and Association Mapping of Resistance to Tan Spot and Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch in Adapted Winter Wheat Germplasm." Plant Disease 99, no. 10 (2015): 1333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-14-1131-re.
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Tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), often occurring together, are two economically significant diseases of wheat in the Northern Great Plains of the United States. They are caused by the fungi Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and Parastagonospora nodorum, respectively, both of which produce multiple necrotrophic effectors (NE) to cause disease. In this work, 120 hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars or elite lines, mostly from the United States, were evaluated in the greenhouse for their reactions to the two diseases as well as NE produced by the two pathogens. One P. nodorum isolate (Sn4) and four Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates (Pti2, 331-9, DW5, and AR CrossB10) were used separately in the disease evaluations. NE sensitivity evaluation included ToxA, Ptr ToxB, SnTox1, and SnTox3. The numbers of lines that were rated highly resistant to individual isolates ranged from 11 (9%) to 30 (25%) but only six lines (5%) were highly resistant to all isolates, indicating limited sources of resistance to both diseases in the U.S. adapted HRWW germplasm. Sensitivity to ToxA was identified in 83 (69%) of the lines and significantly correlated with disease caused by Sn4 and Pti2, whereas sensitivity to other NE was present at much lower frequency and had no significant association with disease. As expected, association mapping located ToxA and SnTox3 sensitivity to chromosome arm 5BL and 5BS, respectively. A total of 24 potential quantitative trait loci was identified with −log (P value) > 3.0 on 12 chromosomes, some of which are novel. This work provides valuable information and tools for HRWW production and breeding in the Northern Great Plains.
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Fichera, Grazia, Stefano Martina, Giuseppe Palazzo, et al. "New Materials for Orthodontic Interceptive Treatment in Primary to Late Mixed Dentition. A Retrospective Study Using Elastodontic Devices." Materials 14, no. 7 (2021): 1695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071695.
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The aim of this study was to assess the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes obtained after 1 year of treatment with elastodontic appliances (EA) in a retrospective cohort of children reporting early signs of malocclusion. Also, a detailed description of the tested EAs was reported. The study sample included 20 subjects, 8 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 8.4 ± 0.6 years, and a control group consisting of 20 subjects, 9 males and 11 females, with a mean age of 8.1 ± 0.8 years. All subjects in the treated group received the AMCOP second class (SC) (Ortho Protec, Bari, Italy) device. Digital impressions were taken along with a digital bite registration in centric relation before treatment (T0) and after 1 year (T1). Lateral cephalograms were also taken at T0 and T1 and cephalometric analysis was performed to assess the skeletal sagittal changes of the maxilla and the mandible (sella, nasion, A point angle, SNA^; sella, nasion, B point angle, SNB^; and A point–nasion–B point angle, ANB^) as well as the changes of the inter-incisors angle (IIA^). In the treated group, the distribution of subjects according to the presence of crowding and the pattern of malocclusion changed at T1. In the same group, there was an increase of subjects showing no signs of crowding and a class I occlusal relationship, while in the control group, there was a small increase of subjects developing dental crowding and featuring a worse sagittal relationship (class II) compared to pre-treatment condition. A statistically significant reduction of the overjet and overbite was recorded in the treated group between T0 and T1 (p < 0.05); in the control group, a slight increase in the overjet and overbite was detected at T1, being this increment significanct only for the latter parameter. In the tested group, no significant differences were found between SNA^ values detected at T0 and T1 (p > 0.05), instead the SNB^, ANB^, and IIA^ showed a significant increase after 1 year of treatment (p < 0.05). From a clinical perspective, all clinical goals were reached since patients showed remarkable improvements in overjet, overbite, crowding, and the sagittal molar relationship. Within the limitations of the present study, EAs could be effectively used for the interceptive orthodontic in growing patients.
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Teixeira Centeno, Anna Carolina, Erika Oliveira Dias Macêdo, and Telmo Bandeira Berthold. "Estudo comparativo de medidas cefalométricas sagitais obtidas em telerradiografia digital e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico." Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas 15, no. 1 (2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9771/cmbio.v15i1.16109.
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<p><strong>Introdução:</strong> A proposta deste estudo foi comparar medidas cefalométricas, lineares e angulares, obtidas de cefalogramas sobre telerradiografias de perfil digitais e reconstruções tomográficas, no plano médio sagital, a partir da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). <strong>Materiais e métodos:</strong> Foram selecionadas 108 documentações iniciais de pacientes ortodônticos que continham telerradiografia de perfil digital e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Para reconstrução tomográfica a largura da base do osso nasal foi adotada como padrão para definição da espessura a ser utilizada. O examinador determinou 17 pontos anatômicos no plano médio sagital para a obtenção de 16 medidas cefalométricas utilizando o Dolphin Imaging Cephalometric and Tracing Software sobre os dois exames analisados. <strong>Resultados:</strong> A análise de reprodutividade do examinador foi feita através do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) e constatou-se excelente reprodutibilidade (ICC <span style="text-decoration: underline;">&gt;</span> 0,75) para todas as medidas cefalométricas utilizadas. A média das medidas cefalométricas no plano médio sagital, dos dois tipos de exames, foram submetidas ao teste t pareado e ao teste de Wilcoxon quando não foi obtida normalidade dos dados. Do total de medidas analisadas 9 (nove) foram diferentes estatisticamente, entre os dois grupos: SNA, SNB, SND, 1.NA, S-L, N-Me e SN apresentaram valores de p&lt;0,01 enquanto Pog-NB e S-Li apresentaram valor de p&lt;0,05. <strong>Conclusões:</strong> O estudo mostrou que houve diferenças significativas entre as medidas cefalométricas no plano médio sagital obtidas a partir da telerradiografia digital e a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico quando utilizada a base do osso nasal como referência de espessura para a reconstrução tomográfica. </p>
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Ban, Alina, Raluca Roman, Simion Bran, et al. "Botulinum Toxin Injection into the Digastric Muscle: Current Clinical Use and a Report of Five Cases." Biomedicines 11, no. 10 (2023): 2767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11102767.
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The present research aimed to review the clinical applications of botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection into the anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) and to highlight the potential role of the BTX-A injection into ABDM in preventing postsurgical relapse. Five Class II malocclusion patients who underwent orthognathic surgery received BTX-A injections into both ABDM for the prevention of postoperative relapse. The relapse was evaluated using lateral cephalometric radiographs by comparing the postoperative cephalometric analyses at two different time points, postoperatively at 2 weeks (T1), and long-term, at 9 months after the surgical intervention (T2). The results demonstrated no significant differences between T2 and T1 for the Selle-Nasion-point A (SNA) angle, Selle-Nasion-point B (SNB) angle, point A-Nasion-point B (ANB) angle, mandibular length, and sagittal mandibular position. The patients exhibited stable occlusion without any signs of relapse after the surgery. A single BTX-A injection into the ABDM can effectively prevent postoperative relapse in Class II malocclusion patients, following orthognathic surgery. From a clinical perspective, in case of optimal dosage and procedure, BTX-A injection could be considered as the primary option for the prevention of postsurgical relapse for Class II malocclusion patients.
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Gangi, Alexandra, James Mirocha, Trista Leong, and Armando E. Giuliano. "Triple-negative breast cancer and likelihood of nodal metastates." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 26_suppl (2013): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.26_suppl.50.
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50 Background: Axillary lymph node metastases are a prognostic indicator for breast cancer. Studies suggest that breast cancer subtypes are associated with the presence of lymph node (LN) metastases. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a higher risk of LN metastases than those with non-TNBC. Methods: Prospective database review identified 2,967 female patients with invasive breast cancer treated with mastectomy or breast conserving surgery (BCS) between January 2000 and May 2012. Only patients who underwent sentinel node biopsy (SNB) and/or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) were included. Those receiving neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Patient and tumor characteristics evaluated included age, race, tumor size, grade, stage, histologic subtype, presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. Results: BCS was performed in 1,889 and mastectomy in 1,078 patients. Breakdown by subtype included 2,201 (74%) patients with Luminal A, 344 (12%) with Luminal B, 144 (5%) with HER2, and 278 (9%) with TNBC. SNB was performed in 1,094 (37%), ALND in 756 (25%), and 1,117 (38%) patients had both. LN metastases were detected in 1050 (35%) patients. The LN positivity rate varied across subtypes with 734/2,201 (33%) in Luminal A, 143/344 (42%) in Luminal B, 108/278 (39%) in TNBC, and 65/144 (45%) in HER-2 (p = 0.0007). However, on multivariable analysis, there was no difference in LN positivity among subtypes (p=0.24). Only age < 50 (HR 1.5, CI 1.3 to 1.8), grade 2 or 3 tumors (HR 1.8, CI 1.4 to 2.5), size greater than 2cm (HR 3.2, CI 2.7 to 3.9), and presence of LVI (HR 3.9, CI 2.4 to 6.3) were significant predictors of LN positivity. Four or more involved nodes were seen most commonly in the HER2 (28/144; 19%) and Luminal B (47/344; 14%) subtypes, but not TNBC (26/278; 9%) or Luminal A (199/2201; 9%) (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Predictors of LN metastases include younger age, higher grade, larger tumor size, and presence of LVI. Patients with TNBC are not more likely to have involved nodes than those with non-TNBC.
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Chianchitlert, Ann, Suwannee Luppanapornlarp, Bhudsadee Saenghirunvattana, and Irin Sirisoontorn. "A Comparative Assessment of the Upper Pharyngeal Airway Dimensions among Different Anteroposterior Skeletal Patterns in 7–14-Year-Old Children: A Cephalometric Study." Children 9, no. 8 (2022): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9081163.
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Background: The pharyngeal airway is a crucial part of the respiratory system’s function. Assessing the pharyngeal airway dimensions in different skeletal types is important in the orthodontic treatment of growing patients. The aim of this study was to compare the upper pharyngeal airway dimensions of 7–14-year-old children with different skeletal types. Methods: Three-hundred-sixty-one lateral cephalometric radiographs were grouped based on their skeletal patterns determined by the ANB angle as skeletal type I (n = 123), type II (n = 121), and type III (n = 117). The radiographs were divided into 4 groups: 7/8 YO (7–8 years old), 9/10 YO, 11/12 YO, and 13/14 YO. The cephalometric measurements comprised SNA, SNB, ANB, Ad1-PNS, Ad2-PNS, McUP, and McLP. An ANOVA was used to compare the group results. Results: Significant differences in Ad1-PNS, Ad2-PNS, McUP, and McLP in skeletal types II and III were found between age groups. Most upper pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal types II and III children were significantly wider in the 13/14 YO group than in the other age groups. Conclusion: The upper pharyngeal airway dimensions increased age-dependently in 7–14-year-old children, especially in skeletal types II and III. The upper pharyngeal airway dimensions could serve as a guide in differentiating the different skeletal classes in clinical settings.
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Oliveira, Elisa Gurgel Simas de, and Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino. "Comparative evaluation of cephalometric and occlusal characteristics between the Long Face pattern and Pattern I." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 3 (2013): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000300014.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the cephalometric and intraoral characteristics between Long Face pattern and Pattern I patients, besides evaluating associations between subjective facial patterns, cephalometric facial patterns and the intraoral characteristics. METHODS: Through evaluation of frontal and right side extraoral photographs, three previously calibrated and experienced examiners selected 30 Long Face patients (Group 1) and 30 Pattern I patients (Group 2), aged between 9 and 19 years, of both genders. The cephalometric characteristics were assessed by the following variables: SN.GoGn, NS.Gn, AIFH, SNA, SNB, ANB, 1.1, 1.NA,1-NA, 1.NB, 1-NB, NA.Po, nasolabial angle and H-Nose. Clinical evaluations were also performed to determine the presence of posterior crossbite, anterior open bite and type of Angle's malocclusion. The cephalometric data were compared by independent t test. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between qualitative variables. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between groups regarding the variables SN.GoGn, NS.Gn, AIFH, ANB, NA.Pog, 1-NA, 1.NB and 1-NB, with an increase of these measures in Group 1. There were also significant differences between groups on variable 1.1, being lower in Group 1 than in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The Long Face was associated to Angle Class II malocclusion, to the presence of posterior crossbite and to anterior open bite. The Long Face subjective facial pattern was associated to dolichofacial cephalometric pattern.
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Horishny, Volodymyr, Taras Chaban, and Vasyl Matiychuk. "Synthesis and anticancer properties of 5-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylmethylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids." Pharmacia 68, no. 1 (2021): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e49224.
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The reaction of 1H-benzoimidazole-2-carbaldehyde with 4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids was studied and the combinatorial library of 5-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylmethylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids has been prepared. The structures of target compounds 8a-f, 9 and 10a, b were confirmed by using 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were selected by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Developmental Therapeutic Program for the in vitro cell line screening to investigate their anticancer activity. The tested compounds displayed a weak to medium anticancer activity. The most sensitive cell lines turned out to be SNB-75 of CNS Cancer (GP = 74.84–85.73%) and UO-31, Renal cancer (GP = 71.53–82.16%) and to compound 10a K-562 Leukemia cell lines (GP = 57.14). Graphical abstract
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Horishny, Volodymyr, Taras Chaban, and Vasyl Matiychuk. "Synthesis and anticancer properties of 5-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylmethylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids." Pharmacia 68, no. (1) (2021): 195–200. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e49224.
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The reaction of 1H-benzoimidazole-2-carbaldehyde with 4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids was studied and the combinatorial library of 5-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylmethylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-ylcarboxilic acids has been prepared. The structures of target compounds 8a-f, 9 and 10a, b were confirmed by using <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were selected by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Developmental Therapeutic Program for the in vitro cell line screening to investigate their anticancer activity. The tested compounds displayed a weak to medium anticancer activity. The most sensitive cell lines turned out to be SNB-75 of CNS Cancer (GP = 74.84–85.73%) and UO-31, Renal cancer (GP = 71.53–82.16%) and to compound 10a K-562 Leukemia cell lines (GP = 57.14). Graphical abstract
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Xiao, Zimin, Jiaqi Liang, Chun Yang, et al. "New Polyketide and Butenolide Derivatives from the Mangrove Fungus Aspergillus spelaeus SCSIO 41433." Marine Drugs 23, no. 6 (2025): 251. https://doi.org/10.3390/md23060251.
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Two new racemic mixtures, including a polyketide, (±)-penilactone F (1), and a butenolide, (±) phenylbutyrolactone IIa (2), were isolated from the mangrove sediment-derived strain Aspergillus spelaeus SCSIO 41433. Additionally, 20 known compounds were isolated, including four penicillin-like compounds (11–14), three alkaloids (15–17), one sesquiterpene (18), and four phenolic acids (19–22). Their structures were elucidated through NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS, X-ray diffraction, and ECD calculations. In the PDE4 inhibitory activity and anticancer cell activity assays, compounds 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11–14, and 16 exhibited weak PDE4 inhibitory activity at a concentration of 10 µM, Compound 11 demonstrated potent inhibitory effects against six cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, HCT116, SNB-19, PC3, and A549), with IC50 values ranging from 3.4 to 23.7 µM.
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Dong, Hao, and Rasheed Abdulsalam Abdullah. "Artificial intelligence prediction model for the relationship between obstructive sleep Apnea severity and maxillofacial developmental disorders in children: a prospective cohort study." Future Technology 4, no. 3 (2025): 85–96. https://doi.org/10.55670/fpll.futech.4.3.9.
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This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-based prediction model for evaluating the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and maxillofacial developmental disorders in children. A prospective cohort design was employed, monitoring 50 children (mean age 8.4±2.3 years, 58% male) with varying degrees of maxillofacial abnormalities over a 12-month period. Participants were stratified into four groups: maxillary constriction (n=15), mandibular retrognathia (n=15), mixed phenotype (n=10), and control (n=10). Comprehensive assessments included cephalometric measurements, intraoral scans, and polysomnography performed at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month intervals. A hybrid artificial intelligence architecture integrating gradient boosting algorithms and deep neural networks was developed using multimodal data. Results demonstrated significant correlations between specific maxillofacial parameters and OSA severity, with SNB angle (r=-0.68, p<0.001) and maxillary width (r=-0.61, p<0.001) showing the strongest associations. Multiple regression analysis identified SNB angle (β=-0.46, p<0.001), maxillary width (β=-0.39, p<0.001), and BMI (β=0.28, p=0.012) as significant independent predictors of AHI, collectively explaining 72% of OSA severity variance. The AI model achieved an overall accuracy of 89.6% in classifying OSA severity, with differential performance across phenotype groups (mandibular retrognathia: 93.1%, maxillary constriction: 88.5%, mixed phenotype: 85.2%). Longitudinal follow-up revealed significant correlations between improvements in maxillofacial parameters and reductions in AHI, with stronger associations in younger children (5-8 years) compared to older children (9-12 years). This research provides an effective tool for assessing the relationship between OSA severity and maxillofacial developmental abnormalities in children, offering valuable insights for early risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies in pediatric sleep medicine.
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Goyal, Amit, Andrea Marshall, Sophie Nicholls, et al. "Abstract PO2-23-05: Practice patterns and outcomes in the ongoing neoadjuvant ATNEC trial: node marking, response to NACT and breast conservation rates." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO2–23–05—PO2–23–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po2-23-05.
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Abstract Background In ATNEC trial, cT1-3N1M0 patients receive NACT followed by SNB/TAD. If the sentinel nodes(SNs) have converted to benign(ypN0), patients are randomly assigned to Axillary Treatment vs no Axillary Treatment. The study promotes standardized node marking procedures and includes a radiotherapy quality assurance program. Objectives – This study prospectively evaluates practice patterns, NACT response, adoption of node marking, rates of marked node identification, and breast conservation rates in the ongoing ATNEC trial across 70 centers in the UK. The trial aims to recruit 1900 patients. Materials and Methods Data from 196 randomized patients (median age: 54 [range: 28-79] years; median BMI: 26.5 [range: 17.6-51.1]) from December 2021 to June 28, 2023, across 70 UK centers were analyzed. These patients presented with cT1-3N1M0 breast cancer, received NACT, and exhibited no residual nodal disease (ypN0) on SNB/TAD. Results Among the randomised patients 54%(106) were post-menopausal, 71%(140) underwent breast conserving surgery(BCS) and 29%(56) mastectomy. At presentation, 12% (23) had T3, 63% (124) had T2, and 23% (46) had T1 tumors. Grade 3 tumors accounted for 70% (138) of cases. Among the patients, 60% (117) were HER2 positive, 31% (61) were triple negative, and 9% (18) were HER2 negative (ER or PgR positive). Anthracycline and taxane-based NACT were administered to 57% (106), while 38% (71) received a platinum-containing regimen. During SNB/TAD, a median of 4 nodes (interquartile range, 3-5) were removed. Among 184 patients with node marking data, 74% (136) had the involved node marked. The marked node was successfully removed in 94% (128) of these patients. Clip/coil only, Magseed and black dye were the commonest techniques used for node marking. The marked node was the sentinel node in 83% (106) of cases. Among 185 randomized patients with post-NACT response data, 68% (125) achieved a complete pathological response (pCR) in the breast, while 8% (15) had DCIS only and 22% (41) had invasive cancer. Among 105 patients with complete breast tumor response on imaging, 15% (16) had residual DCIS or invasive cancer. In the subset of patients with partial response or stable breast tumors on imaging (69 patients), 46% (32) had no residual tumor on histology (ypT0). Furthermore, 14% (26) exhibited partial or stable disease in the axilla on imaging but achieved complete pathological response on histology. Conclusions HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer cases predominate among patients undergoing NACT in the UK. Although 68% achieved a complete pCR (ypT0) in the breast, rates of BCS remain low. Notably, around 75% of randomized patients underwent node marking, with an intra-operative identification rate of 94%, demonstrating the successful implementation of node marking in the UK through the ATNEC trial. Citation Format: Amit Goyal, Andrea Marshall, Sophie Nicholls, Natalie Hammonds, Beatrix Elsberger, Duncan Wheatley, Janice Rose, Helen-Teresa Edwards, Abeer Shaaban, Roeum Butt, Gareth Jackson, Tara Homer, Luke Vale, Samreen Ahmed, Shama Puri, Sophie Gasson, Julie Bruce, Helen Higgins, Janet Dunn. Practice patterns and outcomes in the ongoing neoadjuvant ATNEC trial: node marking, response to NACT and breast conservation rates [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-23-05.
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Shishmareva, Anastasiya, Aleksandr Plotnikov, Taras Zakirov, et al. "CEPHALOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE DENTOFACIAL SYSTEM AFTER DENTAL INJURY IN CHILDREN WITH CLASS II DIVISION 1 DENTAL MALOCCLUSION AND PROMINENT OF THE UPPER INCISORS." Actual problems in dentistry 20, no. 3 (2024): 158–63. https://doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2024-20-3-158-163.
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The aim of study is to analyze the results of the development of the dentofacial system after traumatic dental injuries in children with class II division 1 dental malocclusion and prominent of the upper incisors according to cephalometric data. Materials and methods. The analysis of teleroentgenogram in the lateral projection was performed using the Steiner method in 30 children aged 6–9 years immediately after traumatic dental injuries to the upper permanent incisors, in the same 30 children at a late stage at the age of 9–12 years, in 30 children of the control group at the age of 9–12 years. For the calculation, anthropometric points, planes, angular values were used, the structure of the dental system was assessed in 2 planes: sagittal (parameters ANB, SNA and SNB) and vertical (parameters NSL/NL, NSL/ML and NL/ML), the axial inclination of the upper and lower incisors was assessed (parameters ILs/NL, Ili/ML, Ils/Ili). Results. In children with class II division 1 dental malocclusion and prominent of the upper incisors, in the late stages after traumatic dental injuries to the upper permanent incisors, dentoalveolar anomalies become more severe: the skeletal form of class II division 1 dental malocclusion with prognathism of the upper jaw and retrognathia of the lower jaw increases, anterior rotation of the lower jaw is preserved in combination with a hypodivergent structure of the facial skeleton, the axial inclination of the upper and lower incisors decreases, and the interincisal angle increases proportionally. Conclusions. After traumatic dental injuries to the upper permanent incisors in children, the severity of class II division 1 dental malocclusion increases in the long term, sagittal growth of the upper jaw continues with a decrease in the growth rate of the lower jaw in the sagittal and vertical direction, and a retrusive axial inclination of the upper and lower incisors is formed.
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Goyal, Amit, Nada Elbeltagi, Andrea Marshall, et al. "Node marking techniques and targeted axillary dissection in patients with cN1 disease undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Analysis of initial 500 participants in the ATNEC trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.609.
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609 Background: In the ongoing neoadjuvant ATNEC breast cancer trial (NCT04109079), cT1-3N1M0 patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by sentinel node biopsy (SNB) or targeted axillary dissection (TAD). If the sentinel nodes (SNs) convert to benign (ypN0), patients are randomized to receive Axillary Treatment vs. no Axillary Treatment. Standardized node marking procedures are promoted in this study. This study evaluates node marking techniques, rates of marked node identification, and concordance of the marked node with the sentinel node in the initial 500 participants. Methods: Data from 587 patients registered from December 2021 to January 1, 2024, across 77 UK centers were analyzed. These patients presented with cT1-3N1M0 breast cancer and received or planned to receive NACT. Results: The median age was 54 years (range 28-81), with a median of 4 nodes [interquartile range, 3-5] removed during SNB/TAD. Among 470 patients with node marking data, 72% (339) had the involved node marked. Sentinel node biopsy was performed using a combination of radioisotope and blue dye in 51%, blue dye only in 13%, radioisotope only in 10%, and Magtrace only in 9%. The marked node was successfully removed in 90% (305/339) of these patients, with the marked node being the sentinel node in 80% (243/305) of cases. In patients with complete pathological nodal response, the marked node did not show signs of downstaging (e.g. fibrosis) in 15% (46). Common techniques used for node marking included clip/coil only before NACT (29%), clip/coil before NACT with another wireless marker after NACT (26%), Magseed only before NACT (16%), and black dye only before NACT (15%). Conclusions: Notably, 72% of patients underwent node marking, with an intra-operative identification rate of 90%, demonstrating the successful implementation of node marking in the UK through the ATNEC trial. Clinical trial information: NCT04109079 .
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Quitain, Diza Joy, Milton Norman D. Medina, Richel Enclonar Relox, and Emmanuel P. Leaño. "Birds of mainit hot spring protected landscape, Nabunturan, compostela valley, Province Mindanao island, Philippines." Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 9, no. 2 (2016): 149–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8254026.
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The present paper is part of the rapid biodiversity assessment in Mainit Hot Spring Protected Landscape (MHSPL), Nabunturan, Compostela Valley Province Philippines within the months of December 2012 and February 2013. Transect walk survey or visual encounter, mist netting, and live trapping methods were employed to 5 sampling sites namely, Sitio New Bohol (SNB), Sitio Saraban (SS), Sitio Pagtulian (SP), and Sitio Tindalo (ST). Total of (24) birds from 18 families are documented. More than half (13 of 24) are resident or 54%, 8 Philippine endemic (found throughout Philippines) 33%, 2 migrant 9%, and 1 species or 4% found only Mindanao Island or Mindanao endemic. Despite rampant mining and other socio-economic activities inside the MHSPL, there is still surviving species of aves in its remaining forests. Therefore, an urgent forest protection should be implemented especially in Sitio New Bohol and Sitio Tindalo where majority of endemic species are found.
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Seehra, J., P. S. Fleming, N. Mandall, and A. T. DiBiase. "A comparison of two different techniques for early correction of Class III malocclusion." Angle Orthodontist 82, no. 1 (2011): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/032011-197.1.
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Abstract Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Reverse Twin-Block therapy (RTB) and protraction face mask treatment (PFM) with respect to an untreated control in the correction of developing Class III malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A retrospective comparative study of subjects treated cases with either PFM (n = 9) or RTB (n = 13) and untreated matched controls (n = 10) was performed. Both the PFM and control group samples were derived from a previously conducted clinical trial, and the RTB group was formed of consecutively treated cases. The main outcome variables assessed were skeletal and dental changes. Lateral cephalograms were taken at the start and end of treatment or during the observation period. Analysis of variance was used to compare changes in cephalometric variables arising during the study period in the lateral group. Linear regression analysis and an unpaired t-test were used to determine the impacts of treatment duration and gender, respectively. Results: Significantly greater skeletal changes arose with PFM therapy than with RTB therapy or in the control group (SNA, SNB, and ANB; P &lt; .001). The dentoalveolar effects of RTB therapy exceeded those of PFM treatment, with significantly more maxillary incisor proclination (P &lt; .001) and mandibular incisor retroclination (P &lt; .006) arising with treatment. Conclusions: Both appliances are capable of correction of Class III dental relationships; however, the relative skeletal and dental contributions differ. Skeletal effects, chiefly anterior maxillary translation, predominated with PFM therapy. The RTB appliance induced Class III correction, primarily as a result of dentoalveolar effects.
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Giuntini, Veronica, Andrea Vangelisti, Caterina Masucci, Efisio Defraia, James A. McNamara Jr, and Lorenzo Franchi. "Treatment effects produced by the Twin-block appliance vs the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device in growing Class II patients." Angle Orthodontist 85, no. 5 (2015): 784–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/090514-624.1.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the dentoskeletal changes produced by the Twin-block appliance (TB) followed by fixed appliances vs the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) in combination with fixed appliances in growing patients having Class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight Class II patients (19 females and 9 males; mean age, 12.4 years) treated consecutively with the TB followed by fixed appliances were compared with a group of 36 patients (16 females and 20 males; mean age, 12.3 years) treated consecutively with the FRD in combination with fixed appliances and with a sample of 27 subjects having untreated Class II malocclusion (13 females and 14 males; mean age, 12.2 years). Mean observation interval was 2.3 years in all groups. Cephalometric changes were compared among the three groups by means of ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: The FRD produced a significant restraint of the maxilla compared with the TB and control samples (SNA, −1.1° and −1.8°, respectively). The TB sample exhibited significantly greater mandibular advancement and greater increments in total mandibular length than either the FRD or control groups (SNB, 1.9° and 1.5°, respectively; and Co-Gn, 2.0 mm and 3.4 mm, respectively). The FRD produced a significantly greater amount of proclination of the mandibular incisors than what occurred with the TB or the control samples (2.9° and 5.6°, respectively). Conclusion: The TB appliance produced greater skeletal effects in terms of mandibular advancement and growth stimulation while the Forsus caused significant proclination of the mandibular incisors.
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Oyonarte, Rodrigo, Mónica Hurtado, and M. Valeria Castro. "Evolution of ANB and SN-GoGn angles during craniofacial growth: A retrospective longitudinal study." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 6 (November 25, 2016): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2321-1407.194796.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to describe the evolution of the ANB and SN-GoGn angles throughout development, in a longitudinal sample of Caucasian patients.Materials and MethodsHistorical cephalometric records from North American individuals available at the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Legacy Growth Collection website were used to carry out an exploratory longitudinal study. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontically untreated males and females were included. Individuals with three or more longitudinal cephalometric records at pre- and post-pubertal stages, with at least one postpubertal radiograph available in vertebral cervical maturation stage (cervical vertebral maturation) 5 or 6, were selected. Seventy-one individuals met the inclusion criteria. ANB, SNA, SNB, and SN-GoGn angles were measured. Individuals were classified according to the latest postpubertal ANB angle available and grouped by CVM. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the cephalometric variables, and differences between genders were analyzed.ResultsForty-five individuals were classified as skeletal Class I at the end of growth, 17 as Class II, and 9 as Class III. ANB values decrease as growth occurs in every group (average ANB decrease between the stages CVM 1 and 6: Class I - 1.5°, Class II - 0.7°, and Class III - 3.1°). For SN-GoGn angle, a constant reduction was observed as skeletal maturation increased (Average SN-GoGn decrease between the stages CVM 1 and 6: Class I - 4°, Class II - 2.5°, and Class III - 4.9°).ConclusionsANB and SN-GoGn angles decrease during growth. The magnitude varies depending on individual sagittal characteristics, Class III individuals displaying the greatest reduction, and Class II individuals the least.
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Mastud, Chaitra Santoshkumar, Sonali V. Deshmukh, Jayesh Rahalkar, Madhusudan Bharatwal, Shailaja Mane, and Santoshkumar Pandurang Mastud. "Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes of Customized Fixed Intra-Oral Appliance With Maxillary Expansion and Twin Block in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Prospective Study." Sleep Medicine Research 15, no. 2 (2024): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17241/smr.2024.02124.
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Background and Objective Individuals diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) experience recurrent episodes of cessation of breathing due to blockage of the upper airway during sleep. This study investigated the outcomes of orthodontic treatment to increase the upper airway with fixed intraoral appliances in children with OSA and skeletal Class II malocclusion.Methods This study included 22 growing female participants aged 9–13 years with cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages 2 and 3, skeletal Class II malocclusion due to the retrognathic mandible (ANB of >4°), narrow and constricted maxillary arch, Class II malocclusion with an overbite of more than 4 mm, and mild and moderate apnea-hypopnea index on polysomnography. Cephalometric, cone-beam computed tomography, and polysomnographic values were measured preoperatively. The patients were treated with a customized fixed intraoral appliance for up to 8 months, and posttreatment values were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using a paired t-test.Results The mean age of participants was 11.7 ± 1.5 years. There was a statistically significant restriction in maxillary growth (0.55° decrease in SNA angle), an increase in mandibular growth (1.98° increase in SNB angle), and hyoid bone moved anteriorly and cranially by 0.29 mm and 0.79 mm, respectively. The duration of the longest OSA episode was reduced by 6.9 ± 4.5 seconds, and the duration of desaturation in total sleep time of 7–8 hours was reduced by 13.1 ± 1.6 seconds.Conclusions A significant improvement in the airway and polysomnographic assessment can be achieved using customized fixed intraoral appliances in skeletal Class II patients with OSA.
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Araoz Gutierrez, Mayde Araceli, and Rosario Martha De La Torre Vera. "ORTOPEDIA FUNCIONAL DE LOS MAXILARES EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE CLASE II UTILIZANDO EL APARATO PLANAS TWIN CATACH ESCALON 2." Revista Antoniana de Estomatología 2, no. 1 (2025): 111–21. https://doi.org/10.51343/rae.v2i1.1773.
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Paciente masculino, 9 años de edad, sexo masculino en ABEG, LOTEP, mesocéfalo sin datos patológicos aparentes que acudió al Departamento de Ortodoncia y Odontopediatría de la Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Presenta una relación esquelética clase II, con retrusión mandibular, dentición mixta, perfil convexo, patrón facial I, con incompetencia labial, relación molar derecha clase I, izquierda clase II, relación canina derecha no registrable, izquierda clase II, arcos dentarios superior e inferior ovalados con apiñamiento leve. Se propone la utilización del aparato ortopédico funcional Pistas Twin Catach escalón 2 para mejorar su mala oclusión. Los resultados a corto plazo son satisfactorios debido a que se consiguió reducir el SNB, el IMPA debido al cambio de postura de la mandíbula, así como también se observa el aumento del espacio naso y orofaríngeo, haciendo que el paciente mejore en la masticación y respiración. Concluimos que la ortopedia funcional de los maxilares ayuda en la mejora de las maloclusiones.
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Kazakova, Oxana, Irina Smirnova, Elena Tret’yakova, René Csuk, Sophie Hoenke, and Lucie Fischer. "Cytotoxic Potential of a-Azepano- and 3-Amino-3,4-SeCo-Triterpenoids." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (2021): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041714.
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Semi-synthetic triterpenoids, holding an amino substituted seven-membered A-ring (azepano-ring), which could be synthesized from triterpenic oximes through a Beckmann type rearrangement followed by a reduction of lactame fragment, are considered to be novel promising agents exhibiting anti-microbial, alpha-glucosidase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. In this study, in an attempt to develop new antitumor candidates, a series of A-ring azepano- and 3-amino-3,4-seco-derivatives of betulin, oleanolic, ursolic, and glycyrrhetinic acids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines and non-malignant mouse fibroblasts by means of a colorimetric sulforhodamine assay. Azepanoallobetulinic acid amide derivative 11 was the most cytotoxic compound of this series but showed little selectivity between the different human tumor cell lines. Flow cytometry experiments showed compound 11 to act mainly by apoptosis (44.3%) and late apoptosis (21.4%). The compounds were further screened at the National Cancer Institute towards a panel of 60 cancer cell lines. It was found that compounds 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20 showed growth inhibitory (GI50) against the most sensitive cell lines at submicromolar concentrations (0.20–0.94 μM), and their cytotoxic activity (LC50) was also high (1–6 μM). Derivatives 3, 8, 11, 15, and 16 demonstrated a certain selectivity profile at GI50 level from 5.16 to 9.56 towards K-562, CCRF-CEM, HL-60(TB), and RPMI-8226 (Leukemia), HT29 (Colon cancer), and OVCAR-4 (Ovarian cancer) cell lines. Selectivity indexes of azepanoerythrodiol 3 at TGI level ranged from 5.93 (CNS cancer cell lines SF-539, SNB-19 and SNB-75) to 14.89 for HCT-116 (colon cancer) with SI 9.56 at GI50 level for the leukemia cell line K-562. The present study highlighted the importance of A-azepano-ring in the triterpenic core for the development of novel antitumor agents, and a future aim to increase the selectivity profile will thus lie in the area of modifications of azepano-triterpenic acids at their carboxyl group.
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Yatabe-Ioshida, Marilia Sayako, Letícia Dominguez Campos, Renato Yassukata Yaedu, and Ivy Kiemle Trindade-Suedam. "Upper Airway 3D Changes of Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate After Orthognathic Surgery." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 56, no. 3 (2018): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665618778622.
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to 3-dimensionally assess the airway characteristics of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) who underwent orthognathic surgery. Design: This was a retrospective study. Setting: The study took place at a national referral center for cleft lip and palate rehabilitation. Patients and Participants: The sample comprised cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained before and after orthognathic surgery of 15 individuals (30 CBCT scans), divided into 2 groups: UCLP group (n = 9 patients/18 CBCT scans) and BCLP group (n = 6/12 CBCT scans). All patients had a nonsyndromic UCLP or BCLP and a skeletal class III malocclusion at the preoperative period. Interventions: Airway volume, pharyngeal minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA), location of mCSA, sella-nasion-A point (SNA) and sella-nasion-B point (SNB) angles, and condylion-A point and condyloid-gnathion linear measurements were assessed in open-source software (ITK-SNAP and SlicerCMF). Main Outcome Measure: Airway dimensions of patients with UCLP and BCLP increase after orthognathic surgery. Results: After orthognathic surgery, UCLP group showed a significant 20% increase in nasopharynx volume. Although not significant, BCLP group also showed an increase of 18% in the same region. Minimal cross-sectional area remained dimensionally stable after surgery and was all located in the oropharynx region, on both groups. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between volume and mCSA on both groups. Conclusion: Overall, individuals with UCLP and BCLP showed an increase in the upper airway after orthognathic surgery and this might explain the breathing and sleep improvements reported by the patients after the surgery.
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Çik, Serdar, and Ali Kiki. "Skeletal Transversal Expansion Using Modified RME Appliance in Adult Patient." Current Research in Dental Sciences 34, no. 4 (2024): 306–9. https://doi.org/10.17567/currresdentsci.1556710.
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Objective: In this study, rapid maxillary expansion without corticotomy with the use of a miniscrew-supported appliance in an adult patient is presented. Case: As a result of the clinical examination of an 18-year-old Caucasian female patient, she had a bilateral posterior crossbite. The upper midline was coincident with the facial midline, whereas there was a deviation to the right in the lower midline. Angle's Class II molar relationship on the right and Angle's Class I on the left were observed. Arch-length deficiency values were -2 mm in the upper and -3 mm in the lower. Overjet was 7.5 mm and overbite was 0 mm. It was determined by the hand-wrist radiograph that the patient's growth was ceased. It was planned to expand maxilla non-surgically prior to any other orthodontic interventions. After 55 quarter-turns of activation the appliance was left in mouth passively for 3 months. Her fixed treatment is continuing. Results: With RME SNB angle did not change and SNA angle increased by approximately 1 degree. 1-SN decreased by approximately 6 and IMPA by 1 degrees. Inclinations of the upper first molar teeth were not significantly changed as confirmed by postero-anterior radiograph. Overjet increased from 7.5 to 9 mm while the amount of overbite remained as 0 mm. It was determined by the model analysis that the increase in intermolar was 6.18 mm and intercanine widths was 5.21 mm. There was no significant change in lower teeth in model measurements. Conclusions: It is seen that the presented appliance can achieve sutural expansion without any corticotomy in adult patients. Key Words: Modified RME, Appliance, Adult patient, Corticotomy, MARPE