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Journal articles on the topic 'So-Precipitation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 March 2025

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1

Taylor, W. J., T. Y. Tan, and U. Gösele. "Carbon precipitation in silicon: Why is it so difficult?" Applied Physics Letters 62, no. 25 (1993): 3336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.109063.

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2

Müller, Timo, G. Kissinger, P. Krottenthaler, C. Seuring, R. Wahlich, and Wilfried von Ammon. "Precipitation Enhancement of "so Called" Defect-Free Czochralski Silicon Material." Solid State Phenomena 108-109 (December 2005): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.108-109.11.

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Thermal treatments to enhance precipitation like RTA, ramp anneal and argon anneal were performed on low oxygen 300 mm wafers without vacancy or interstitial agglomerates (“so called” defect-free material). Best results were achieved using high temperature argon anneal leading to a homogenous BMD and denuded zone formation. Furthermore the getter efficiency was positively tested by intentional Ni-contamination. Concepts to overcome the slip danger like improved support geometries and nitrogen codoping were also evaluated and are seen to be beneficial.

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3

Sutanto, Ahmad, Anwar Annas, Mohammad Ardha, Taufif Hidayat, and Muhammad Rokhis Khomarudin. "AUTOMATION OF DAILY LANDSLIDE POTENTIAL INFORMATION BASED ON REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE IMAGERY USING OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES) 20, no. 1 (2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.ijreses.2023.v20.a3836.

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This automation system automatically generated landslide potential information based on daily precipitation data. This system is essential to replace the previous manual processing system with an automated and integrated system. The results of the developed system are the distribution of areas with landslide potential based on daily precipitation data. The system was built using geographic information systems and web service techniques. This allows the automation process to be performed quickly and accurately. The landslide susceptibility map used is from the National Disaster Management Agenc

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4

Nowobilska-Majewska, Elwira, Tomasz Kotowski, and Piotr Bugajski. "Impact of atmospheric precipitation on the volume of wastewater inflowing to the treatment plant in Nowy Targ." E3S Web of Conferences 171 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017101009.

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The study determines the impact of precipitation on the amount of wastewater flowing into the treatment plant in Nowy Targ. The research period covered the years 2016 and 2017, in which the amount of precipitation and average daily wastewater inflows (during the so-called dry period, i.e. days without precipitation and in the so-called wet period, i.e. days with precipitation) were analyzed. The research period was divided into 5 characteristic ranges in terms of the amount of precipitation. It was found that on days with different intensity of precipitation, the amount of rainwater (in the to

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Jiang, Hongli, Graham Feingold, and Armin Sorooshian. "Effect of Aerosol on the Susceptibility and Efficiency of Precipitation in Warm Trade Cumulus Clouds." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 11 (2010): 3525–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3484.1.

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Abstract Large-eddy simulations of warm, trade wind cumulus clouds are conducted for a range of aerosol conditions with a focus on precipitating clouds. Individual clouds are tracked over the course of their lifetimes. Precipitation rate decreases progressively as aerosol increases. For larger, precipitating clouds, the polluted clouds have longer lifetimes because of precipitation suppression. For clean aerosol conditions, there is good agreement between the average model precipitation rate and that calculated based on observed radar reflectivity Z and precipitation rate R relationships. Prec

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Nastos, P. T., and C. S. Zerefos. "Cyclic modes of the intra-annual variability of precipitation in Greece." Advances in Geosciences 25 (March 9, 2010): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-25-45-2010.

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Abstract. The application of harmonic analysis to the annual variability of precipitation is the object of this study, so that the modes, which compose the annual variability, be elicited. For this purpose, monthly precipitation totals from 30 meteorological stations of the Hellenic National Meteorological Service (HNMS), for the period 1950–2000, were used. The initial target is to reduce the number of variables and to detect structure in the relationships between the variables. The most commonly used technique for this purpose is the application of Factor Analysis (FA) resulted in five main

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Juliá, Cristóbal, David A. Rahn, and José A. Rutllant. "Assessing the Influence of the MJO on Strong Precipitation Events in Subtropical, Semi-Arid North-Central Chile (30°S)." Journal of Climate 25, no. 20 (2012): 7003–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00679.1.

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Abstract Annual precipitation in subtropical, semiarid north-central Chile (30°S) during rainy years comprises a few (3–5) strong events in the fall and winter, which are presumably modulated by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). Precipitation from 1979–2009 was recorded daily at three stations along the Elqui Valley. The relationship between the MJO and precipitation is investigated from two perspectives: 1) examining a MJO index (MJOI) based on the actual precipitation events and 2) examining the likelihood of precipitation based on a favorable MJOI. About 80% of the strong precipitation e

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Chou, Chia, Chao-An Chen, Pei-Hua Tan, and Kuan Ting Chen. "Mechanisms for Global Warming Impacts on Precipitation Frequency and Intensity." Journal of Climate 25, no. 9 (2012): 3291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00239.1.

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Global warming mechanisms that cause changes in frequency and intensity of precipitation in the tropics are examined in climate model simulations. Under global warming, tropical precipitation tends to be more frequent and intense for heavy precipitation but becomes less frequent and weaker for light precipitation. Changes in precipitation frequency and intensity are both controlled by thermodynamic and dynamic components. The thermodynamic component is induced by changes in atmospheric water vapor, while the dynamic component is associated with changes in vertical motion. A set of equations is

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9

Wang, Xi An, Fei Mao, Qi Min Zhang, and Jun Lian He. "Study on Paraffin Precipitation for Dalaoba Condensate Gas Reservoir." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.423.

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High content of paraffin for condensate gas reservoir in Dalaoba and the precipitation of paraffin seriously affect the production and safety to bring about greater economic loss, therefore, it is necessary to develop the study on the precipitation of paraffin,deposition mechanism, variation discipline of phase state, prediction technology as well as the discipline for precipitation of paraffin of shaft.The paper establish the predication method on phase state simulation for paraffin precipitation. In order to better realize the site application, the predicted drawing version on paraffin preci

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Chou, Chia, and Jien-Yi Tu. "Hemispherical Asymmetry of Tropical Precipitation in ECHAM5/MPI-OM during El Niño and under Global Warming." Journal of Climate 21, no. 6 (2008): 1309–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1928.1.

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Abstract Similarities and differences between El Niño and global warming are examined in hemispherical and zonal tropical precipitation changes of the ECHAM5/Max Planck Institute Ocean Model (MPI-OM) simulations. Similarities include hemispherical asymmetry of tropical precipitation changes. This precipitation asymmetry varies with season. In the boreal summer and autumn (winter and spring), positive precipitation anomalies are found over the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere and negative precipitation anomalies are found over the Southern (Northern) Hemisphere. This precipitation asymmetry in bo

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11

Kim, Yeonjoo, and Guiling Wang. "Impact of Vegetation Feedback on the Response of Precipitation to Antecedent Soil Moisture Anomalies over North America." Journal of Hydrometeorology 8, no. 3 (2007): 534–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm612.1.

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Abstract Previous studies support a positive soil moisture–precipitation feedback over a major fraction of North America; that is, initial soil moisture anomalies lead to precipitation anomalies of the same sign. To investigate how vegetation feedback modifies the sensitivity of precipitation to initial soil moisture conditions over North America, a series of ensemble simulations are carried out using a modified version of the coupled Community Atmosphere Model–Community Land Model (CAM–CLM). The modified CLM includes a predictive vegetation phenology scheme so that the coupled model can repre

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12

Choe, Hye-Jeong, Jong Won, Yong-Taek Hyun, Ka Lim, and Seog-Young Yoon. "TiFe Precipitation Behavior and its Effect on Strengthening in Solution Heat-Treated Ti-5Al-3.5Fe During Isothermal Aging." Metals 8, no. 11 (2018): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110875.

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We investigated the TiFe precipitation behavior of solution heat-treated Ti-5Al-3.5Fe during isothermal aging, quantified the effect of precipitation on strengthening by evaluating the hardness, and compared it to the effect of Ti3Al precipitation in Ti-6Al-4V. TiFe precipitates formed both at grain boundaries (GBs) and within the grain matrices. Phase transformation from the β to α phase also occurred during isothermal aging; this transformation generated lamellar interphase boundaries between the transformed α phase and remaining β phase in prior β grains. These interphase boundaries enabled

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Norris, Jesse, Gang Chen, and J. David Neelin. "Thermodynamic versus Dynamic Controls on Extreme Precipitation in a Warming Climate from the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble." Journal of Climate 32, no. 4 (2019): 1025–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0302.1.

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The moisture budget is evaluated as a function of the probability distribution of precipitation for the end of the twentieth century and projected end of the twenty-first century in the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble. For a given precipitation percentile, a conditional moisture budget equation relates precipitation minus evaporation ( P − E) to vertical moisture transport, horizontal moisture advection, and moisture storage. At high percentiles, moisture advection and moisture storage cancel and evaporation is negligible, so that precipitation is approximately equal to vertical mo

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14

Voisin, Nathalie, John C. Schaake, and Dennis P. Lettenmaier. "Calibration and Downscaling Methods for Quantitative Ensemble Precipitation Forecasts." Weather and Forecasting 25, no. 6 (2010): 1603–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010waf2222367.1.

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Abstract Two approaches for downscaling and calibrating error estimates from ensemble precipitation forecasts are evaluated; the two methods are intended to be used to produce flood forecasts based on global weather forecasts in ungauged river basins. The focus of this study is on the ability of the approaches to reproduce observed forecast errors when applied to daily precipitation forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) for a 10-day forecast period. The two approaches are bias correction with spatial disaggregation (BCSD)

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15

Zhan, Lucheng, Jiansheng Chen, Ling Li, and David A. Barry. "Comment on “Origin of water in the Badain Jaran Desert, China: new insight from isotopes” by Wu et al. (2017)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 8 (2018): 4449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4449-2018.

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Abstract. Precipitation isotope data were used to determine the origin of groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert (BJD) in the study of Wu et al. (2017). Both precipitation and its isotope composition vary seasonally, so arithmetic averages of precipitation isotope values poorly represent the isotope composition of meteoric water. Their finding that the BJD groundwater is recharged by modern meteoric water from local areas including the southeastern adjacent mountains was based on arithmetic averaging. However, this conclusion is not supported by the corrected mean precipitation isotope values,

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16

Setiawan, Adhi, Falenia Firdatul Jannah, Tarikh Azis Ramadani, and Tanti Utami Dewi. "Penyisihan Fosfat dan Amonium Pada Air Limbah Menggunakan Presipitasi Struvite Dengan Penambahan Bittern." Jurnal Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan (JPPL) 4, no. 1 (2022): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/jppl.v4i1.1185.

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The fertilizer industry generally produces wastewater with relatively high ammonium and phosphate content, so processing is necessary so as not to cause eutrophication effects that harm the environment. Struvite precipitation with bittern media was an alternative method to remove struvite content in wastewater. This study aimed to analyze the effect of pH and molar ratio [Mg2+] : [NH4+] : [PO43-] on the struvite precipitation process in reducing the ammonium and phosphate content in the artificial wastewater of the fertilizer industry and to characterize the struvite obtained from the precipit

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17

Khalighi-Sigaroodi, S., E. Ghaljaee, A. Moghaddam Nia, A. Malekian, and F. Zhang. "EVALUATION OF TRMM-3B42V7 AND PERSIANN-CDR DAILY-PRECIPITATION PRODUCTS FOR THE SOUTHERN SLOPES OF ALBORZ MOUNTAINS, IRAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W18 (October 31, 2019): 1163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-1163-2019.

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Abstract. The density of rain gauges in many regions is lower than standard. Therefore, there are no precise estimates of precipitation in such regions. Today the use of satellite data to overcome this deficiency is increasing day to day. Unfortunately, the results from different satellite products also show a significant difference. Hence, their evaluation and validation are very important. The main objective of this study is to investigate the accuracy of the daily precipitation data of TRMM-3B42 V7 and PERSIANN-CDR satellites under a case study in the southern slopes of Alborz mountains, Ir

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18

Jung, Eunsil, Bruce A. Albrecht, Armin Sorooshian, Paquita Zuidema, and Haflidi H. Jonsson. "Precipitation susceptibility in marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus from airborne measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 17 (2016): 11395–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11395-2016.

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Abstract. Precipitation tends to decrease as aerosol concentration increases in warm marine boundary layer clouds at fixed liquid water path (LWP). The quantitative nature of this relationship is captured using the precipitation susceptibility (So) metric. Previously published works disagree on the qualitative behavior of So in marine low clouds: So decreases monotonically with increasing LWP or cloud depth (H) in stratocumulus clouds (Sc), while it increases and then decreases in shallow cumulus clouds (Cu). This study uses airborne measurements from four field campaigns on Cu and Sc with sim

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19

Palerme, C., J. E. Kay, C. Genthon, T. L'Ecuyer, N. B. Wood, and C. Claud. "How much snow falls on the Antarctic ice sheet?" Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 1 (2014): 1279–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-1279-2014.

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Abstract. Climate models predict Antarctic precipitation to increase during the 21st century, but their present day Antarctic precipitation differs. A fully model-independent climatology of the Antarctic precipitation characteristics, such as snowfall rates and frequency, is needed to assess the models, but was not available so far. Satellite observation of precipitation by active spaceborne sensors has been possible in the polar regions since the launch of CloudSat in 2006. Here we use CloudSat products to build the first multi-year model-independent climatology of Antarctic precipitation. Th

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Corte-Real, J. "Developing daily precipitation scenarios for climate change impact studies in the Guadiana and the Tejo basins." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 3 (2007): 1161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1161-2007.

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Abstract. Hydrological models to evaluate the impacts of climate change in the water resources sector require spatially correlated daily precipitation scenarios as model inputs. This paper presents a practical procedure for developing such precipitation scenarios using multisite stochastic weather models or generators conditional on large-scale daily circulation patterns, based on GCM-simulated future mean sea level pressure (MSLP) fields. The procedure is demonstrated on the basis of HadCM3 and HadAM3H simulations with an example for two river basins in the Iberian Peninsula. Changes in daily

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21

Crossett, Caitlin C., Alan K. Betts, Lesley-Ann L. Dupigny-Giroux, and Arne Bomblies. "Evaluation of Daily Precipitation from the ERA5 Global Reanalysis against GHCN Observations in the Northeastern United States." Climate 8, no. 12 (2020): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8120148.

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Precipitation is a primary input for hydrologic, agricultural, and engineering models, so making accurate estimates of it across the landscape is critically important. While the distribution of in-situ measurements of precipitation can lead to challenges in spatial interpolation, gridded precipitation information is designed to produce a full coverage product. In this study, we compare daily precipitation accumulations from the ERA5 Global Reanalysis (hereafter ERA5) and the US Global Historical Climate Network (hereafter GHCN) across the northeastern United States. We find that both the dista

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Wu, Yanjuan, Shuang-Ye Wu, Jiahong Wen, Felipe Tagle, Ming Xu, and Jianguo Tan. "Future Changes in Mean and Extreme Monsoon Precipitation in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin, China, in the CMIP5 Models." Journal of Hydrometeorology 17, no. 11 (2016): 2785–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-16-0033.1.

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Abstract In this study, the potential future changes of mean and extreme precipitation in the middle and lower Yangtze River basin (MLYRB), eastern China, are assessed using the models of phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Historical model simulations are first compared with observations in order to evaluate model performance. In general, the models simulate the precipitation mean and frequency better than the precipitation intensity and extremes, but still have difficulty capturing precipitation patterns over complex terrains. They tend to overestimate precipitation

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Salman, Aseel D., and Osama T. Al-Taai. "Spatiotemporal Distribution for Precipitable Water Vapor and Precipitation Over Iraq during the Period (1979-2019)." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 1 (2022): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.1.nq22265.

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Water vapor plays an important role in transporting sensible heat and latent heat and is important in cloud fashioning, and precipitation fashioning, it’s one of the more important greenhouse gases so it plays an essential role in climate change. To strengthen understanding of climate change, it is necessary to analyze the spatial and temporal PWV and P distribution and variations and association between them. This research aims to calculate Precipitable Water Vapor and Precipitation Conversion Efficiency and spatial and temporal PWV and P distribution and association between them for Iraq for

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Aida, Korjenić, Temimović Emir, Banda Amra, and Sivac Amina. "BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PLUVIOMETRIC REGIME IN THE UNA RIVER BASIN." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 2 (2018): 234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i2.2018.1566.

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Intensity of action and frequency of high and low pressure barometric fields of large and medium scale have great influence on dynamics of pluviometric regime. On their action depend characteristics of thermic regime, relative humidity, cloudiness and windiness, which directly affect the precipitation. Concerning that the water balance is difference between the inflow and evaporation, it comes that precipitations do not have just special role, but they are also the most important factor of the Una river regime. Disposition and precipitation structure are the river regime's essential assumption

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Sakai, A., T. Nuimura, K. Fujita, S. Takenaka, H. Nagai, and D. Lamsal. "Climate regime of Asian glaciers revealed by GAMDAM Glacier Inventory." Cryosphere Discussions 8, no. 4 (2014): 3629–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-8-3629-2014.

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Abstract. Among meteorological elements, precipitation has a large spatial variability and less observation, particularly in High Mountain Asia, although precipitation in mountains is an important parameter for hydrological circulation. We estimated precipitation contributing to glacier mass at median elevation of glaciers, which is presumed to be at equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) so that mass balance is zero at that elevation, by tuning adjustment parameters of precipitation. We also made comparisons between median elevation of glaciers, including the effect of drifting snow and avalanche, a

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Rettig, Ralf, Astrid Heckl, and Robert F. Singer. "Modeling of Precipitation Kinetics of TCP-Phases in Single Crystal Nickel-Base Superalloys." Advanced Materials Research 278 (July 2011): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.278.180.

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The precipitation of brittle so-called TCP-phases is critical for the application of Re-containing single crystal superalloys. In this work a fully multicomponent precipitation model is presented, which is capable of simulating the precipitation process of the TCP-phases in superalloys considering complex precipitation sequences with several metastable phases. The model is coupled to multicomponent thermodynamic CALPHAD calculations and relies on multicomponent diffusion models based on the TC-API interface of the software DICTRA. The required mobility database has been newly developed and cov

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Margulis, S. A., and D. Entekhabi. "Temporal disaggregation of satellite-derived monthly precipitation estimates and the resulting propagation of error in partitioning of water at the land surface." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 5, no. 1 (2001): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-5-27-2001.

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Abstract. Global estimates of precipitation can now be made using data from a combination of geosynchronous and low earth-orbit satellites. However, revisit patterns of polar-orbiting satellites and the need to sample mixed-clouds scenes from geosynchronous satellites leads to the coarsening of the temporal resolution to the monthly scale. There are prohibitive limitations to the applicability of monthly-scale aggregated precipitation estimates in many hydrological applications. The nonlinear and threshold dependencies of surface hydrological processes on precipitation may cause the hydrologic

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Yang, Yuguang, Chengyi Zhao, Ming Han, Yike Li, and Ruihong Yang. "Temporal Patterns of Shrub Vegetation and Variation with Precipitation in Gurbantunggut Desert, Central Asia." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/157245.

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The relationship between shrub vegetation and precipitation is one important component of desert vegetation responses to climate change, but it has not been understood completely because of its complexity and nonlinearity. In this study, we used MODIS NDVI data and precipitation data from 2004 to 2012 to evaluate the relationship between the shrub vegetation and precipitation within Gurbantunggut Desert, Central Asia. Correlation analysis was employed to explore the relationship between NDVI and precipitation within growing season, within cross growing season, and on interannual scale. The res

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Sun, Yue, and Chuanfeng Zhao. "Distinct impacts on precipitation by aerosol radiative effect over three different megacity regions of eastern China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 21 (2021): 16555–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16555-2021.

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Abstract. Many studies have investigated the impacts of aerosol on the intensity and amount of precipitation, but few have been done so regarding the impacts of aerosol on the start and peak times of precipitation. Using the high-resolution precipitation, aerosol, and meteorological data in the warm season of June–August from 2015 to 2020, this study investigates the influence of aerosol on the start and peak times of precipitation over three different regions, the North China Plain (NCP), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It shows that the period with the highest

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Liu, Jun Ping. "Wavelet Feature of Precipitation in Quzhou Jiuhua." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1286.

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Wavelet transform can carry on multi-scale and multi-resolution analysis of the signal through arithmetic function such as stretching and translation and so on .In this paper, applying Morlet complex wavelet performed wavelet transform of the month precipitation time sequence of Quzhou Jiuhua station, and analyzed period on different time scales. The future precipitation was analyzed based on main periods. The result showed that month precipitation has multi-scale characteristic and the main periods of month precipitation are 5-month, 11-month and 26-month. The periodic changes on large-scale

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Fan, Hanxiao. "Strategies for solving hydrogen precipitation problems in aqueous zinc ion batteries." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 8, no. 1 (2023): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.145.2023.

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Aqueous zinc ion batteries have revealed many problems while solving the safety problems of conventional batteries, among which the narrow electrochemical stability window of water causes the battery to be prone to hydrogen precipitation reactions. In this paper, we summarize two strategies to solve the problem. From the electrolyte side, firstly, we use a mixture of salt-in-water electrolyte to lower the starting potential of hydrogen precipitation reaction, so that the hydrogen precipitation reaction can be inhibited. The second strategy is to use intermolecular forces to configure a high co

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Davis, W. E., J. M. Thorp, and R. N. Lee. "Variability of SO=4, Total Sulfate, NO−3, and Total Nitrate Scavenging Ratios for the Frontal Boundary Study." Journal of Applied Meteorology 36, no. 6 (1997): 792–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450-36.6.792.

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Abstract Precipitation and air concentration data collected during a U.S. Department of Energy–sponsored Frontal Boundary Study (FBS) were used to calculate scavenging ratios. The precipitation data were collected on a 100 km × 100 km surface grid containing 36 sampling sites, while the air concentration data were collected by aircraft. Radar and rawinsonde data were used to position the aircraft into the air mass feeding the precipitation. The coordination of the aircraft data with surface precipitation data allows the calculation of scavenging ratios. During the study, three out of seven eve

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Kawazoe, Sho, and William J. Gutowski. "Regional, Very Heavy Daily Precipitation in NARCCAP Simulations." Journal of Hydrometeorology 14, no. 4 (2013): 1212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-12-068.1.

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Abstract The authors analyze the ability of the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program's ensemble of climate models to simulate very heavy daily precipitation and its supporting processes, comparing simulations that used observation-based boundary conditions with observations. The analysis includes regional climate models and a time-slice global climate model that all used approximately half-degree resolution. Analysis focuses on an upper Mississippi River region for winter (December–February), when it is assumed that resolved synoptic circulation governs precipitation. All

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Li, Nan, Zhenhui Wang, Xi Chen, and Geoffrey Austin. "Studies of General Precipitation Features with TRMM PR Data: An Extensive Overview." Remote Sensing 11, no. 1 (2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11010080.

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The Precipitation Radar (PR), the first space-borne precipitation radar onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, could observe three-dimensional precipitation in global tropical regions and acquire continuous rainfall information with moderate temporal and high spatial resolutions. TRMM PR had carried out 17 years of observations and ended collecting data in April, 2015. So far, comprehensive and abundant research results related to the application of PR data have been analyzed in the current literature, but overall precipitation features are not yet identified, a gap

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Martinkova, Marta, and Jan Kysely. "Overview of Observed Clausius-Clapeyron Scaling of Extreme Precipitation in Midlatitudes." Atmosphere 11, no. 8 (2020): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080786.

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This paper presents an overview of recent observational studies on the Clausius-Clapeyron precipitation-temperature (P-T) scaling in midlatitudes. As the capacity of air to hold moisture increases in connection with increasing temperature, extreme precipitation events may become more abundant and intense. The capacity of air to hold moisture is governed by the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) relation, approximately 7% per °C. Departures from this, so called super-CC scaling and sub-CC scaling, are consequences of different factors (moisture availability, type of precipitation, annual cycle, the percen

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Shrestha, Sanjeevan, and Tina Baidar. "Spatial Distribution and Temporal Change of Extreme Precipitation Events on the Koshi Basin of Nepal." Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal 17, no. 1 (2018): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njg.v17i1.23007.

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Climate change, particularly at South Asia region is having a huge impact on precipitation patterns, its intensity and extremeness. Mountainous area is much sensitive to these extreme events, hence having adverse effect on environment as well as people in term of fluctuation in water supply as well as frequent extreme weather events such as flood, landslide etc. So, prediction of extreme precipitation is imperative for proper management. The objective of this study was to assess the spatial distribution and temporal change of extreme precipitation events on Koshi basin of Nepal during 1980-201

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Ying, Wang, Wang Chunxia, Zhang Jukui, and Wang Chunqing. "The reproductive strategy in a Chloris virgata population in response to precipitation regimes." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (2018): 180607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180607.

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Resource availability influences plant growth and reproduction. Here, a controlled experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the adaptation response of Chloris virgata to different precipitation conditions, and to further predict the reproductive strategy in a population of C. virgata under different precipitation regimes. Three regimes (low, typical and high) of water addition were used to simulate current precipitation patterns. In total 20 individuals for each treatment were analysed to compare tiller number, spike traits, seed traits, the relationship between seed size and seed number,

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Zhou, Xinyao, Yongqiang Zhang, Yonghui Yang, Yanmin Yang, and Shumin Han. "Evaluation of anomalies in GLDAS-1996 dataset." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 8 (2013): 1718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.043.

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Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) data are widely used for land-surface flux simulations. Therefore, the simulation accuracy using GLDAS dataset is largely contingent upon the accuracy of the GLDAS dataset. It is found that GLDAS land-surface model simulated runoff exhibits strong anomalies for 1996. These anomalies are investigated by evaluating four GLDAS meteorological forcing data (precipitation, air temperature, downward shortwave radiation and downward longwave radiation) in six large basins across the world (Danube, Mississippi, Yangtze, Congo, Amazon and Murray-Darling basin

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Duong, H. T., A. Sorooshian, and G. Feingold. "Investigating potential biases in observed and modeled metrics of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 12 (2010): 29897–922. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-29897-2010.

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Abstract. This study utilizes large eddy simulation, aircraft measurements, and satellite observations to identify factors that bias the absolute magnitude of metrics of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions for warm clouds. The metrics considered are precipitation susceptibility So, which examines rain rate sensitivity to changes in drop number, and a cloud-precipitation metric, χ, which relates changes in rain rate to those in drop size. While wide ranges in rain rate exist at fixed cloud drop concentration for different cloud liquid water amounts, χ and So are shown to be relatively inse

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Duong, H. T., A. Sorooshian, and G. Feingold. "Investigating potential biases in observed and modeled metrics of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 9 (2011): 4027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4027-2011.

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Abstract. This study utilizes large eddy simulation, aircraft measurements, and satellite observations to identify factors that bias the absolute magnitude of metrics of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions for warm clouds. The metrics considered are precipitation susceptibility So, which examines rain rate sensitivity to changes in drop number, and a cloud-precipitation metric, χ, which relates changes in rain rate to those in drop size. While wide ranges in rain rate exist at fixed cloud drop concentration for different cloud liquid water amounts, χ and So are shown to be relatively inse

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Rubangi, Rubangi, Arief Hermawan, and Donny Avianto. "Prediksi Curah Hujan Wilayah Provinsi Yogyakarta dengan Algoritma Neural Network." JASIEK (Jurnal Aplikasi Sains, Informasi, Elektronika dan Komputer) 3, no. 1 (2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/jasiek.v3i1.6204.

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Emerging inaccurate information about the rainfall system can affect aspects of life. Inaccurate precipitation forecasting can be problematic, so it is necessary to predict precipitation with a high level of accuracy. Therefore, this study proposes a method with a neural network algorithm to predict rainfall to benefit the community. The data used in this study is daily precipitation from 2016 to 2021 from BMKG. Based on the test results, the data shows that the best neural network (NN) model is obtained from input layer 31, hidden layer 4, training cycle 1500, learning rate 0.01, and momentum

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Zhao, Xin, Yue Sun, Chuanfeng Zhao, and Huifei Jiang. "Impact of Precipitation with Different Intensity on PM2.5 over Typical Regions of China." Atmosphere 11, no. 9 (2020): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090906.

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Atmospheric aerosol pollution has significant impacts on human health and economic society. One of the most efficient way to remove the pollutants from the atmosphere is wet deposition. This study selected three typical atmospheric pollution regions in China, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) regions, as research areas, and used the hourly precipitation and PM2.5 mass concentration data from 2015 to 2017 to investigate the removal impacts of precipitation on PM2.5. The PM2.5 mass concentration difference before and after the hourly p

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Huang, Yi, Alain Protat, Steven T. Siems, and Michael J. Manton. "A-Train Observations of Maritime Midlatitude Storm-Track Cloud Systems: Comparing the Southern Ocean against the North Atlantic." Journal of Climate 28, no. 5 (2015): 1920–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00169.1.

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Abstract Cloud and precipitation properties of the midlatitude storm-track regions over the Southern Ocean (SO) and North Atlantic (NA) are explored using reanalysis datasets and A-Train observations from 2007 to 2011. In addition to the high-level retrieval products, lower-level observed variables—CloudSat radar reflectivity and Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) lidar attenuated backscatter—are directly examined using both contoured frequency by altitude diagrams (CFADs) and contoured frequency by temperature diagrams (CFTDs) to provide direct insigh

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Brasika, Ida Bagus Mandhara. "Ensemble Model of Precipitation Change Over Indonesia Caused by El Nino Modoki." Journal of Marine Research and Technology 4, no. 1 (2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmrt.2021.v04.i01.p10.

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The aim of this research is to understand the impact of El Nino Modoki into Indonesian precipitation and how ensemble models can simulate this changing. Ensemble model has been recognized as a method to improve the quality of model and/or prediction of climate phenomenon. Every model has their own algorithm which causes strength and weakness in many aspects. Ensemble will improve the quality of simulation while reducing the weakness. However, the combination of models for ensembles is differ for each event and/or location. Here we utilize the Squared Error Skill Score (SESS) method to examine

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Salles, Leandro, Frédéric Satgé, Henrique Roig, Tati Almeida, Diogo Olivetti, and Welber Ferreira. "Seasonal Effect on Spatial and Temporal Consistency of the New GPM-Based IMERG-v5 and GSMaP-v7 Satellite Precipitation Estimates in Brazil’s Central Plateau Region." Water 11, no. 4 (2019): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040668.

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This study assesses the performance of the new Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM)-based satellite precipitation estimates (SPEs) datasets in the Brazilian Central Plateau and compares it with the previous Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM)-era datasets. To do so, the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG)-v5 and the Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP)-v7 were evaluated at their original 0.1° spatial resolution and for a 0.25° grid for comparison with TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA). The assessment was made on an annual, monthly, and

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Archer, D. R., and H. J. Fowler. "Spatial and temporal variations in precipitation in the Upper Indus Basin, global teleconnections and hydrological implications." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 1 (2004): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-47-2004.

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Abstract. Most of the flow in the River Indus from its upper mountain basin is derived from melting snow and glaciers. Climatic variability and change of both precipitation and energy inputs will, therefore, affect rural livelihoods at both a local and a regional scale through effects on summer runoff in the River Indus. Spatial variation in precipitation has been investigated by correlation and regression analysis of long-period records. There is a strong positive correlation between winter precipitation at stations over the entire region, so that, for practical forecasting of summer runoff i

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Zhang, Xinru. "CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPACTS OF EXTREME PRECIPITATION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE: BASED ON CNKI LITERATURE INVESTIGATION." Earth Science Malaysia 6, no. 2 (2022): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/esmy.02.2022.112.113.

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Extreme precipitation event is one of the most extensive and harmful meteorological disasters in China and even the world. Discussing the research situation of extreme precipitation under the background of climate change can grasp the research status and hot spots in this field from a macro perspective and provide a reference for in-depth understanding of the causes and trends of extreme precipitation. Since 1992, the research on extreme precipitation has been gradually carried out, so this study systematically counts and analyzes the scientific literature from the CNKI database from 1992 to 2

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Cheng, Yang, Hongming He, Nannan Cheng, and Wenming He. "The Effects of Climate and Anthropogenic Activity on Hydrologic Features in Yanhe River." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5297158.

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This paper aims to analyze the effects of precipitation and anthropogenic activity on hydrologic features in Yanhe River so as to provide support for regional water management and evaluation of water and soil conservation measures. Thiessen Polygon was created to calculate mean values of watershed, and Mann-Kendall statistic test and Sen’s slop estimator test were adapted to analyze variation trend and interaction between precipitation, runoff, and sediment discharge. When 1961~1970 was set as reference period (ignoring human effects), the double mass curve quantified the effects of precipitat

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Ekström, M., B. Hingray, A. Mezghani, and P. D. Jones. "Regional climate model data used within the SWURVE project – 2: addressing uncertainty in regional climate model data for five European case study areas." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 3 (2007): 1085–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1085-2007.

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Abstract. To aid assessments of the impact of climate change on water related activities in the case study regions (CSRs) of the EC-funded project SWURVE, estimates of uncertainty in climate model data need to be developed. This paper compares two methods for estimating uncertainty in annual surface temperature and precipitation for the period 2070–2099. Both combine probability distribution functions for global temperature increase and for scaling variables (i.e. the change in regional temperature/precipitation per degree of global annual average temperature change) to produce a probability d

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Sun, Ying, Susan Solomon, Aiguo Dai, and Robert W. Portmann. "How Often Will It Rain?" Journal of Climate 20, no. 19 (2007): 4801–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4263.1.

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Abstract Daily precipitation data from climate change simulations using the latest generation of coupled climate system models are analyzed for potential future changes in precipitation characteristics. For the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) B1 (a low projection), A1B (a medium projection), and A2 (a high projection) during the twenty-first century, all the models consistently show a shift toward more intense and extreme precipitation for the globe as a whole and over various regions. For both SRES B1 and A2, most models show decre

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