To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Social activity of the individual.
Journal articles on the topic 'Social activity of the individual'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Social activity of the individual.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Romanova, Julia, and Victoria Lisetska. "Individual Psychological Characteristics of Individuals Engaged in Social Entrepreneurship." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (12) (2020): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2020.2(12).15.
Full textAbstract:
The results of empirical research devoted to the study of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social entrepreneurship in Ukraine are considered in this article. Social entrepreneurship is a new area of practice that is developing rapidly but is still insufficiently studied in psychology. Foreign research projects compare social entrepreneurs’ personal traits with the ones of traditional entrepreneurs, members of the general public, employees in the same area of activity, volunteers, etc. There are such personal traits of social entrepreneurs that have a higher level of development (compared to others) as empathy, willingness to take risks and to cooperate and develop social networks, creativity, need for autonomy and independence, optimism, trust in others, belief in positive social changes, ability to cope with obstacles on their way to social mission implementation. Most researchers emphasize the developed sense of social responsibility, moral obligations towards others, self-sacrifice of social entrepreneurs. As a result of the empirical research of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social and traditional entrepreneurship in Ukraine psychological particularities within each group of entrepreneurs have been determined. A psychological portrait of social entrepreneur has been compiled based on the obtained empirical data: an active, focused on the external world, intent on reflection and introspection, receptive to obtain new knowledge, hardworking, creative, relatively emotionally stable, moderately conformable and ambitious individual, which is characterized by a high level of empathy and an internal locus of control, which can work successfully both as a team member and independently, which can adequately estimate their capabilities and make right decisions in situations of uncertainty and risk. The differences between groups of traditional and social entrepreneurs in such factors as «Openness» according to the Big 5 Personality Traits, «Сreative tendency», «Calculated risk-taking», «Internal locus of control» according to the General measure of Enterprising Tendency (GET) test, as well as according to the Balanced Emotional Empathy Test have been detected. Based on these findings one can conclude that a phenomenon of social entrepreneurship is a dynamic process that meets the urgent needs of society, corresponds to individual motives and is determined by the specifics of professional tasks we solve, and therefore by the type of business activity in general.
2
Usova, Nataliya V. "Psychodynamic predictors of social activity." Vestnik Kostroma State University. Series: Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociokinetics, no. 3 (2019): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2073-1426-2019-25-3-95-100.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the results of an empirical study of psychodynamic predictors of social activity of the young generation. The basis of this study is a system-diachronic approach which allowed studying social activity in the development process and identifying mismatches between the requirements of the social environment and the possibilities to meet these requirements on the part of the individual. The findings suggest that the focus of social activity is not determined by individual psychodynamic features, but by their successful combination. The studied personality characteristics are considered by us as predictors of the physical, social and ideal needs of the individual, and the direction of social activity, as a way to satisfy them. It is proved that the direction of social activity depends on the general and private tasks of personal development and is a necessary condition for the socio-psychological adaptation of the individual.
3
Hu, Haibo, Dingyi Han, and Xiaofan Wang. "Individual popularity and activity in online social systems." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 389, no. 5 (2010): 1065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.11.007.
Full text
4
Stryzhakov, Artem. "SOCIAL MEDIUM AND INDIVIDUAL." Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, no. 204 (2022): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2022-1-205-172-177.
Full textAbstract:
Socialization is accomplished by a wide set of methods specific to a certain society, social stratum and age. For instance, it can include the methods of nursing a baby; the methods of encouraging and punishing in a family, age-mate groups, training or task teams; various methods and types of relations in basic life spheres (communication, games, sport) etc. The better organization of social groups is the more opportunities it provides with socializing influence on an individual. However social groups are unequal in their ability to provide influence on a personality at different stages of its ontogenetic development. Thus, family has the greatest influence at tender and preschool age. In teenage years and adolescence, the most effective influence of age-mate groups appears and grows. Status, labour collective or professional team and individual people take the central stage in adulthood. There are some factors of socialization, the value of which remains throughout an individual’s life. They are nation, mentality, ethnos. Recent years scientists attach greater importance to macro level socialization issues including natural and geographical conditions as it is determined that they have influence on formation of personality both directly and indirectly. Macro level socialization issues knowledge let comprehend the peculiarity of disclosure of general laws of development of individual as Homo sapiens. Recognition of personality activity as a dominant factor of its formation raises the question of purposeful activity, self-development of personality i.e. permanent work on self-improvement and spiritual development. The possibility to complicate tasks and creation content gradually, implementation of age and individual approach, formation of creative individuality equally to implementation of collective education and stimulation of personal self-governance through its further development are ensured by self-development. Personality as a product of life in the meantime is a living organism. The relation between social and biological things in the formation and behavior of a personality is extremely complex and has an unequal impact on it at different stages of individual development, in different situations and types of communication with other people. Courage can run into imprudent when the desire to draw attention to oneself (natural need for recognition) is stimulated. Courage prompts another people to brave life obstacles, although no one but them know about it. It is important to see the level of expression of the corresponding trait (or even to notice it). It is proved that socialization is a non-linear process of self-development of individual under the influence of social medium, the whole environment. The determine factor of socialization is not natural inclinations themselves but personal qualities formed by the external environment as a product of education and upbringing.
5
Mulik, Alexander B., Irina V. Ulesikova, Irina G. Mulik, Sergey V. Bulatetsky, and Yulia A. Shatyr. "General non-specific reactivity of an organism as a factor of individualization of de-mands, behavior and social activity of individual." I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 27, no. 2 (2019): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj2019272227-236.
Full textAbstract:
Behavioral and social activity, being a component of the general human activity, depends on a number of individual combinations of genotype and phenotype, as well as on environmental conditions. With sufficient elaboration of the general aspects of the physiological mechanisms, systemic organization of the behavioral and social activity of an individual remains an open question of the objective conditionality of the expression and orientation of social activity by individual combination of actualized demands and the psycho-physiological preconditions for their formation.
 Aim. To identify regularities of physiological individualization of formation of demands, of behavioral and social human activity.
 Materials and Methods. The research was carried out with the participation of 78 men and women aged 18-22 years, students of the Crimean Federal University.
 Results. As a result of a complex of experimental studies, the systemic organization of functional, psychophysiological, psychological and social mechanisms of the individual organization of behavioral and social activity of an individual was confirmed. It is determined that anxiety, neuropsychological reactivity, extraversion and neuroticism, as the main preсonditions for behavioral and social activity, are most pronounced in individuals characterized by a high level of general nonspecific reactivity of an organism. The role of the functional and psychophysiological status of the organism in the individualization of demands is substantiated. At the same time, the minimal intensity of actualization of basic demands is characteristic of individuals with a low level of general nonspecific reactivity of an organism. Connections between individual vectors of social activity and basic human demands are specified. The most significant, universal impact on various types of social activity is produced by safety demands, which are the basic human biological demands. The demands for self-realization determine behavioral, social, professional and economic activity of a person. Social and cognitive demands positively affect behavioral and social activity. An insignificant negative relationship is revealed between reproductive demands and social destructiveness.
 Conclusion. The cumulative registration of physiological and psychological characteristics provides an opportunity to predict the extent and subject orientation of the individual social activity.
6
Gibbs, Raymond W. "Metaphoric cognition as social activity." Metaphor and the Social World 3, no. 1 (2013): 54–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.3.1.03gib.
Full textAbstract:
Metaphoric thought is often viewed as a property of individual minds that is quite separate from people’s social, communicative actions with metaphoric language and gesture. My goal in this article is to argue that metaphoric cognition is fundamentally linked to human social activities. I defend this idea by focusing not only on metaphor use in overt communicative situations, but by suggesting ways that individual metaphoric cognition is implicitly social. Many of the experimental tasks used in psychology to demonstrate the psychological reality of conceptual metaphors reflect intricate couplings between cognitive and social processes. This argument demands a reorientation in how metaphor scholars interpret empirical findings related to conceptual metaphor theory, and more broadly aims to dissolve the long-standing theoretical divide between metaphoric cognition and metaphoric communication.
7
Stryzhakov, Artem. "SOCIAL ACTIVITY – INTENSIFICATION SOURCE OF PERSONALALITY SOCIALIZATION." Collection of Scientific Papers of Uman State Pedagogical University, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.1.2023.276945.
Full textAbstract:
Conditioned by objective social conditions and circumstances, values acquire meaning only in their correlation with the subject and arise in its relations with the surrounding objects. Only then do they acquire an axiological sign if a person gives those advantages. Therefore, positive education is not reduced only to external influences. Firstly, it depends only on the individual, his / her moral attitudes in achieving harmony with the external and internal world, his / her readiness for conscious self-limitation of his / her needs, the desire for benevolence and creativity.The need and indispensability to establish new connections with people similar to oneself is formed on fundamentally new basis, beginning in the process of anthropogenesis. It is caused by specific contradictions that arise in the process of essentially significant human activity. These are such contradictions as: between an individual feature of production activity and human existence in general; between its individual, purposeful implementation and the objective need for connections with other individuals (a need determined by fixed ways of acting with labor tools, their repeated use, the nature of the labor product, the features of collectively significant improvement goals, the accumulation of their effective potential, etc.).The specificity of the appropriate structural organization of activity consists in establishing the interconnection between the purpose of the activity and the action for its implementation, the relationship to the action, its evaluation for oneself in relation to this action. It was a special way of existence of a living being, which presupposed an active position in its implementation, presupposed a subject of action, Subjective experience becomes possible only as a result of treating oneself as an object.
 Keywords: subject; connections; self-understanding; self-determination; subject experience; existence; structural organization.
8
Carrasco, Juan Antonio, Bernie Hogan, Barry Wellman, and Eric J. Miller. "Collecting Social Network Data to Study Social Activity-Travel Behavior: An Egocentric Approach." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 35, no. 6 (2008): 961–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b3317t.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a data collection effort designed to incorporate the social dimension in social activity-travel behavior by explicitly studying the link between individuals' social activities and their social networks. The main hypothesis of the data collection effort is that individuals' travel behavior is conditional upon their social networks; that is, a key cause of travel behavior is the social dimension represented by social networks. With this hypothesis in mind, and using survey and interview instruments, the respondents' social networks are collected using an egocentric approach that is constituted by the interplay between their individual social structures and their social activity behavior. More explicitly, individuals' networks are a context within which to elicit social activity-travel generation, spatial distribution, and information communication and technology use. The resultant dataset links aspects, in novel ways, that have been rarely studied together, and provides a sound base of theory and method to study and potentially give new insights about social activity-travel behavior.
9
Grigoryeva, M. V. "The basic incentive mechanism of social activity of the individual." Social Psychology and Society 10, no. 1 (2019): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2019100101.
Full textAbstract:
The main provisions of the system-diachronic approach to the study of the phenomenon of social activity of the individual are developed. Social activity, from the point of view of the system-diachronic approach, should be considered as a multi-level education, including cognitive, emotional-evaluative, motivational and socio-psychological phenomena combined in acts of interaction between the individual and the social environment undergoing qualitative changes in time. Description of the past, present and future state of the system “personality — social group”, the identification of elements of the system, progressively or regressively transformed, are the necessary conditions for a system-diachronic analysis of social activity. The basic incentive mechanism of the person’s social activity is revealed — diachronic mismatch in the system “personality — social environment”, as well as private cognitive, emotional-evaluative, motivational and socio-psychological mechanisms of social activity of the individual and the group.
10
Shamionov, R. M. "Social Activity of Person and Risk." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology 1, no. 3 (2012): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2012-1-3-3-7.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the risk-potential of social activity personality’s. Revealed characteristics of individual instances with position risk-generating and characteristics of social activity. Develops the author’s approach to investigate subjective assessment of risk.
11
Shatyr, Y. A., I. V. Ulesikova, I. G. Mulik, S. V. Bulatetsky, and A. B. Mulik. "Development of phenotypical individualization of the person social activity criteria and indicators." I.P.Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 25, no. 4 (2017): 521–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj20174521-537.
Full textAbstract:
Social activity being one of the main elements of organization of human vital activity, is characterized by systemic principle of formation and individuality of manifestations. Recognizing importance of the role of factors of social nature in development of social activity of an individual, one should agree that individual specialness of behavior largely depends on phenotypically determined psychophysiological and psychological features of an individual.
 Aim. The aim of research was to develop criteria and parameters of phenotypic individualization of social activity of a person.
 Materials and Methods. Into the study 146 individuals, males and females of 18-23 years of age were included. As the main criteria of psychophysiological and socio-psychological typologization of expressiveness and direction of social activity of an individual 2 groups of respective traits were used: impulsivity - initiativity - passivity, and prosociality - social neutrality - asociality.
 Results. The conducted experimental study permitted to correlate the device-detectable levels of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism with the extent of expressiveness of social activity in human behavior. Here, a high level of general nonspecific reactivity was associated with inclination to impulsive behavior, a low level was associated with passive behavior, and the medium level of the general nonspecific reactivity of an organism was associated with inclination to initiative behavior. A method of qualitative differentiation and quantitative assessment of the individual prosociality-asociality balance in human behavior has been developed and tested. In order to technologize the process of complex evaluation of the expression and orientation of social behavior, a matrix of social activity of an individual has been developed that integrally characterizes the psychophysiological and psychological potential of an individual.
 Conclusion. The results of the study made it possible to specify the criteria and parameters of the phenotypical individualization of the social activity of an individual. The proposed method for assessment of the social activity of an individual provides a complex consideration of the physiological and psychological factors of the "sociality" of behavior, the possibility of qualitative typologization and quantitative determination of the individual prosociality-asociality balance, as well as algorithmization of the testing process.
12
Cotter, Kelly A., and Jennifer A. Mendiola. "Health-Related Social Control Influences the Physical Activity of College Students." Open Psychology Journal 12, no. 1 (2019): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350101912010181.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To examine the impact of health-related social control tactics on the physical activity behavior of college students. Participants: 110 undergraduates (74% women) recorded their naturalistic behavior across eight consecutive days between March and May of 2010. Methods: A short-term longitudinal daily diary survey examined daily self-reports of received health-related social control (the direct regulation of a target’s health behaviors by a social partner) and minutes engaged in physical activity. Results: Multilevel modeling according to a two-level structure in which observations (Level 1) were nested within individuals (Level 2) revealed that positive social control for exercise (e.g., encouragement) had a positive effect on physical activity participation, both within-persons (intra-individual level) and between-persons (inter-individual level). Negative social control (e.g., nagging) had no effect on physical activity participation. Conclusion: The present results suggest that individuals should employ positive social control tactics when attempting to enhance the physical activity behaviors of college students.
13
Konoshenko, Serhii, Nataliia Konoshenko, and Inna Trubnik. "Structural Components of Social Maturity Bachelor of Social Work." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 1, no. 1 (349) (2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2022-1(349)-1-30-38.
Full textAbstract:
The article reveals the structural components of social maturity of the bachelor of social work. The stages of social maturation of the individual are revealed. Social activity, tolerance, focus on socially significant values, creativity, reflection and social responsibility as the main components of social maturity of the bachelor of social work are substantiated. The development of social maturity of the individual is characterized as a long process during which the components of social maturity interact, integrate, complement and enrich each other. It is shown that the development of social maturity of the individual occurs in stages and in the process of social activity and enrichment of social experience, the individual gains more independence and becomes a full-fledged subject of professional activity. Social maturity is developed in the process of social interaction throughout a person's life and is manifested in his social attitudes, behavior and actions. It is substantiated that the structure of social maturity should be determined by the system of social relations; the structure of social maturity should be seen as a holistic unity that is in the process of continuous transformation; the hierarchy of components of social maturity of the individual should reflect the dialectic of social maturity as a phenomenon; the expediency of the choice of components should be justified not only by the importance of the presence of these characteristics in humans in modern social conditions, but also their manufacturability.
14
Wojciechowska, Maja Dorota. "The level of individual social capital and social activity among librarians and managerial personnel." Library Management 42, no. 1/2 (2021): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-07-2020-0105.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this paper i to determine which group – the managerial personnel or the directors of libraries – had a more extensive social network and were more eager to engage in cooperation, in other words – had the qualities believed to be important in managerial positions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents the results of research on the levels of individual social capital, as well as the social activity among librarians in 20 countries across the world, which are important for integration with the local community and development of library services.FindingsThe research confirmed that library directors are more active than managerial personnel or line workers, although there were areas in which line workers and managers scored higher than directors. In some areas of civic activity, line workers and managers, rather than directors, led the way.Research limitations/implicationsThis is the first research into the social capital and social activity of the managerial personnel of libraries conducted on such a large scale – in 20 countries across the world. The electronic survey resulted in the total of 6,593 valid responses, which were analysed statistically. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistics were calculated, and the chi-square test of independence and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied. The level of individual social capital was calculated on the basis of a resource generator – Questionnaire for the Measurement of Individual Social Capital (KPIKS).Originality/valueThis is the first research into the social capital and social activity of the managerial personnel of libraries conducted on such a large scale – in 20 countries across the world. The electronic survey resulted in the total of 6,593 valid responses, which were analysed statistically. The one-way ANOVA statistics were calculated, and the chi-square test of independence and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied. The level of individual social capital was calculated on the basis of a resource generator – Questionnaire for the Measurement of Individual Social Capital (KPIKS).
15
Woodyatt, Gail, and Jeff Sigafoos. "Effects of Amount and Type of Social Interaction/Activity on Stereotyped Hand Mannerisms in Individuals with Rett Syndrome." Australasian Journal of Special Education 23, no. 1 (1999): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200024489.
Full textAbstract:
Stereotyped hand mannerisms are a defining characteristic of Rett syndrome. This study examined the effects of social interaction/activity on the frequency of stereotyped hand mannerisms in seven individuals with Rett syndrome. The percentage of 15 s intervals with stereotyped hand mannerisms was recorded during repeated 10 min sessions under two conditions in an ABAB reversal design. The High Social Interaction/Activity condition occurred during a mealtime when the individuals also received high levels of social interaction from a staff person. In the second, Low Social Interaction condition, a staff person was present but did not interact with the individual and no activities were presented. The trend was for more Stereotypic hand movement in the Low Social Interaction/Activity condition. However, there was a considerable amount of individual and within condition variability. The results suggest a need for individual assessment in order to develop educational interventions to attenuate stereotyped hand mannerisms in persons with Rett syndrome.
16
Davronova, Feruza. "WOMAN AND HER SOCIAL STATUS IN PUBLIC ACTIVITY." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSENSUS 3, no. 1 (2020): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0788-2020-3-8.
Full textAbstract:
The intensification of socio cultural changes in modern society leads to increased individualization of social life, that is, to an increase in the significance of the individual. It is necessary to develop a new paradigm of thinking about relations between men and women, study its influence on the formation of public and individual consciousness in the spirit of humanity, tolerance, wisdom, determination, overcome unequal gender views and stereotypes
17
Martín, José, and Pilar López. "Social status of male Iberian rock lizards (Lacerta monticola) influences their activity patterns during the mating season." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 7 (2000): 1105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z00-044.
Full textAbstract:
Not all individual lizards in a population are simultaneously active even when thermal conditions are suitable for activity. We examined inter-individual variability in activity levels of male Iberian rock lizards (Lacerta monticola) in a seminatural enclosure during the mating season, and analyzed whether social status affects their activity levels, time budgets, and body-mass changes. Activity levels of lizards varied significantly with time of day. However, activity levels of individual males were significantly correlated with their rank in the social hierarchy. When the males were active, their status did not influence the time spent basking, resting, or moving, but males with a higher status spent more time in social activities. Higher activity levels were costly, causing males to lose more body mass, although this could have been mainly due to the costs of maintaining a higher social status. We conclude that because attaining a higher status may require a male to be more active and more involved in agonistic encounters, subordinate individuals decrease their activity in order to decrease the costs of social behavior.
18
Korslund, Lars. "Activity of root voles (Microtus oeconomus) under snow: social encounters synchronize individual activity rhythms." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 61, no. 2 (2006): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-006-0256-3.
Full text
19
Goodhart, Charles. "Learning is a social activity." Review of Behavioral Finance 12, no. 1 (2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rbf-10-2019-0149.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Learning often requires little or no expenditure in income; its real cost is that it takes time. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Since time is scarce, most people normally decide not to learn about many aspects of modern life, but rather to specialise on certain limited areas. When a matter arises outside our specialisation, we tend to follow others whose narratives we trust. Findings So, learning in many cases arises from social interaction, not from individual study. Consequently, informational contagion is baked into our social and economic systems. Originality/value Treating time, not income or wealth, as the ultimate constraint improves analysis of the learning process, clarifying its essential social nature.
20
Абрамова, С. В. "Суспільно корисна діяльність як чинник формування соціальної активності особистості". Педагогіка та психологія : збірник наукових праць , № 49 (25 червня 2015): 137–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18990.
Full textAbstract:
In today's conditions where Ukrainian society is forming the legal democratic state, the problem of social activism, conscious participation in public affairs, and organizing one’s lives is put into the forefront. Developing society, we need educated, moral, socially active people who are willing to act on one’s behalf, may make responsible decisions in the situation of a probable choice, predicting their possible effects are different in mobility, dynamism, constructive initiative, and have already developed a sense of responsibility for the fate of the country. The younger generation plays an important role in society, because it represents that a social group that has a huge potential for the future. Not burdened by ideological clichés and stereotypes, and being able to learn from the achievements and failures of the past and present, these young people will be able to develop their country, providing that the entry into adulthood; and will find adequate level of intellectual commitment and social activities to proceed with their lives and the live of the state on this basis, and to find a decent alternative for the existing social relations. The development of the social activity of the younger generation is an important task of modern society, which leads to understanding of the need to revitalize schools and other social institutions to create conditions for the development of socially active people, shaping their willingness and ability to participate in activities aimed at conversion of social reality. In the article, the author reveals the peculiarities of the community service as a factor of the formation of the social activity of the personality. She characterizes the concept of a socially beneficial activity; she defines the components of the structure of socially beneficial activities; she substantiates the necessity of the involvement of students in various forms of socially useful activity.
21
Bonneau, Michel. "‘Time’ in tourism: ‘individual time’ and ‘social time’." Turyzm/Tourism 19, no. 1-2 (2009): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10106-009-0001-1.
Full textAbstract:
The author does a review of the research into tourist activity and concludes that the particular character of tourist behaviour is reflected best in the study of time budgets. He proposes Max Weber's ideal-type method to be used in the analysis. In the conclusions to the article the author presents typical examples of qualitative time (recreation, holidays, tourism).
22
Grimov, O. A., and V. A. Belkina. "The individual strategies of Internet users’ media activity." Digital Sociology 5, no. 4 (2023): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-347x-2022-5-4-38-47.
Full textAbstract:
The article is dedicated to the analyses of actual strategies of Internet users’ media activity in the ecosystem of today’s social media (social networks, blogs, hostings, messengers, mobile applications, etc.). The base of the author’s approach that specifies the novelty of the research lies on the analyses of the users’ media activity as a complex of media consumption and production which make a dialectical unity, as well as on the problematization of subject oriented research optics which draws attention to the individual as a direct media subject. The interaction of the individual and media ecosystem is analyzed with the help of a system of incoming and outcoming activity markers. The incoming activity is understood by the authors as a total of institutional and environmental factors of media activity practices realization, the outcoming one is understood as the characteristic of individual’s personal activity in realizing media practices. It is shown that the configuration of the dominant types of incoming and outcoming activity forms the individual media strategy. It is theoretically based and empirically proved by the author’s sociological research with the use of factor analyses (online poll of social network users, N = 1000) that there practically exist four types of individual media strategies: inclusively open, exclusively open, inclusively conservative and exclusively conservative ones. It is found out that the majority of the Internet users (38,3%) use the exclusively open strategy, estimate modern media conditions as too liberal and thus needing control and restrictions. In the conclusion there are shown the perspective directions of the following scientific enquiry on the topic of the research.
23
Lukashov, Oleksandr. "COMPONENTS OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PERSONALITIES: SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTENT." Psychology and Social Work, no. 1-2(55-56) (September 2, 2023): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-0409.2022.1-2.286676.
Full textAbstract:
The article reveals the socio-psychological content of the components of social responsibility of an individual. It is shown that the social responsibility of an individual is defined as a moral and value stable personal formation, which includes a strategy of social behavior of an individual, where the basis is a conscious attitude to voluntary, active performance of social roles, in accordance with one's actions and their consequences, values and norms of society, as well as ready to be responsible for the obtained result. It is emphasized that social responsibility is revealed in the following structural components: value-normative (sociocentric motivation, egocentric motivation, etc.), cognitive-informational (cognitive consciousness, awareness, etc.), affective-empathic (sthenic emotionality, asthenic emotionality, sincerity and etc.), organizational-communicative (dynamic ergicity, dynamic aergy, difficulties, etc.), result-active (object effectiveness, subject effectiveness, etc.), reflexive-prognostic (regulatory internality, regulatory externality, etc.). The conducted study of the components of social responsibility revealed the specificity of their interrelationships depending on the length of professional activity, as well as evidenced an increase in the level of responsibility to the level of hyperresponsibility. Professionally and socially responsible respondents are aware of themselves as a subject of activity, show social activity, initiative, control their educational and professional activities.
24
Gavra, Dmitrii P., and Julia Р. Bayer. "Social Typologies of Creative Practices." Administrative consulting, no. 9 (165) (June 7, 2022): 125–33. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2022-9-125-133.
Full textAbstract:
The authors offer two groups of grounds for constructing a typology of creativity. The first group is socialization. Under the socialization foundations of creativity, the authors understand a set of social factors that contribute to or hinder the process of socialization of an individual as a subject of creative practices. The authors talk about socialization factors that contribute to and hinder the realization of creative potential and, accordingly, introduce new concepts, such as socialization harmonious (laminar, favorable) and socialization conflict (turbulent, unfavorable) creativity. The authors also distinguish the second group of grounds for the typology of creativity, namely, the factors of the social and political environment external to the creative subject. So, two types of realization of creative potential are distinguished, the authors designate them as societally favorable and societally unfavorable. As a result, the authors propose a three-dimensional typology of social trajectories of subjects of creative potential — creative social trajectories. The authors also propose a classification of creative potential according to the parameters of profile — non-core. The profile creative potential of an individual or group social subject is understood as the potential realized in the field of the main profile of his professional activity. Accordingly, non-core potential is realized either in leisure practices or in professional practices that are not related to the main profile of the subject’s professional activity. Based on the criterion of the nature of innovation contained in a creative product, the authors introduce a typological division into conformal and non-conformal/radical creativity. The concept of individual and group creativity is also introduced, the concepts of individual and group creative potential are described as well.
25
Granner, Michelle L., Patricia A. Sharpe, Brent Hutto, Sara Wilcox, and Cheryl L. Addy. "Perceived Individual, Social, and Environmental Factors for Physical Activity and Walking." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 4, no. 3 (2007): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.4.3.278.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Few studies have explored associations of individual, social, and environmental factors with physical activity and walking behavior.Methods:A random-digit-dial questionnaire, which included selected individual, social, and environmental variables, was administered to 2025 adults, age 18 y and older, in two adjacent counties in a southeastern state. Logistic regressions were conducted adjusting for age, race, sex, education, and employment.Results:In multivariate models, somewhat different variables were associated with physical activity versus regular walking. Self-efficacy (OR = 19.19), having an exercise partner (OR = 1.47), recreation facilities (OR = 1.54), and safety of trails from crime (OR = 0.72) were associated with physical activity level; while self-efficacy (OR = 4.22), known walking routes (OR = 1.54), recreation facilities (OR = 1.57-1.59), and safety of trails from crime (OR = 0.69) were associated with regular walking behavior.Conclusions:Physical activity and walking behaviors were associated with similar variables in this study.
26
Petrochko, Zhanna, Olena Karpenko, and Vadym Liutyi. "Social activity of the personality in the territorial community." Social pedagogy: theory and practice, no. 2 (2024): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/1817-3764-2024-2-80-86.
Full textAbstract:
Social activity is an important component of social life, as it stimulates society to develop and improve. It is necessary to motivate, stimulate, support the social initiative of residents of the territorial community, and develop their potential, because they are the guarantee of important, qualitative changes in the territorial community, an essential criterion on the way to achieving the general goal. A key factor in the social activity of an individual is the desire to influence social processes and its effective participation in community affairs. In the article, the authors justify the importance of the social activity of the individual in the context of the development and development of the territorial community and civil society as a whole. It is emphasized that social activity is studied as a person's ability to conscious social activity for the purpose of solving social problems, the ability to overcome individual interests for the sake of the public, the proactive nature of an individual's life in the territorial community, socially oriented activity through interaction with the social environment, the individual's internal readiness for proactive, conscious activity for the transformation of social reality. It is noted that volunteer activity is a manifestation of social activity and a factor in the formation of this activity, involving society and the individual in cooperation. And, precisely because of this, it is a rather effective means of developing the social activity of an individual in the territorial community, strengthening and expanding its social skills and skills to solve complex issues in team interaction.
27
Titkova, M. V. "Individual social work as a specific method in the practice of social work." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 4 (March 27, 2025): 313–16. https://doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2504-10.
Full textAbstract:
The article reveals the content of social work as an independent professional activity. Special attention is paid to Mary Richmond’s contribution to the development of scientific methodology and practical tools of social work in the early twentieth century. The essence, main ideas and targets of individual social work are revealed.
28
Xu, Haidong, Weijie Xie, and Dun Han. "A coupled awareness—epidemic model on a multi-layer time-varying network." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 33, no. 1 (2023): 013110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0125969.
Full textAbstract:
Social interactions have become more complicated and changeable under the influence of information technology revolution. We, thereby, propose a multi-layer activity-driven network with attractiveness considering the heterogeneity of activated individual edge numbers, which aims to explore the role of heterogeneous behaviors in the time-varying network. Specifically, three types of individual behaviors are introduced: (i) self-quarantine of infected individuals, (ii) safe social distancing between infected and susceptible individuals, and (iii) information spreading of aware individuals. Epidemic threshold is theoretically derived in terms of the microscopic Markov chain approach and the mean-field approach. The results demonstrate that performing self-quarantine and maintaining safe social distance can effectively raise the epidemic threshold and suppress the spread of diseases. Interestingly, individuals’ activity and individuals’ attractiveness have an equivalent effect on epidemic threshold under the same condition. In addition, a similar result can be obtained regardless of the activated individual edge numbers. The epidemic outbreak earlier in a situation of the stronger heterogeneity of activated individual edge numbers.
29
Turan, BAŞKONUŞ, and SOYKAN Öner. "THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE INTERACTION BEHAVIOURS AND EMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES: A TRADITIONAL REVIEW." ASES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SPORTS SCIENCES 2, no. 2 (2024): 92–107. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14576666.
Full textAbstract:
Improving the quality of life of individuals with mental retardation and developmentaldisabilities is of great importance for public health and individual well-being. In this context,physical activity is a critical tool in improving individuals' physical health, improving theirsocial interaction skills, and supporting their emotional characteristics. While the developingliterature provides important findings to understand the effects of physical activity, it alsoemphasizes the need for comprehensive evaluations in this field. Regular physical activityimproves physical health, strengthens social skills, and promotes emotional well-being inindividuals with disabilities. However, it has also been reported that these activities contributeto physical fitness increased self-esteem, emotional regulation, and social participation. Suchbenefits are seen to have positive reflections on both the individual and social lives ofindividuals. In this study, the effects of physical activity in individuals with mental retardationand developmental disabilities were discussed comprehensively. The literature shows thatphysical activity improves physical health indicators and significantly contributes to theindividual's social, emotional, and psychological well-being. In addition to supportingmusculoskeletal functions, physical activity positively affects cardiovascular health, motor skilldevelopment, and weight management. In addition, it has been stated that it increasesindividuals' self-esteem, reduces negative emotional states such as stress and anxiety, improvessocial interactions, and facilitates their integration into society. The research was conducted using the traditional review method, and the effects and importance of physical activity inmental retardation and developmental disability were revealed through literature research. As aresult of the study, it is revealed that physical activity alleviates the emotional difficulties ofindividuals, improves their social skills, and improves their quality of life. The literature pointsout that physical activity programs should be adapted to the individual needs of individuals.The study emphasizes that physical activity is a multifaceted tool that improves the socialcohesion and general well-being of individuals with mental retardation and developmentaldisabilities and the importance of developing more comprehensive and accessible programs toensure the sustainability of this effect.
30
Knyazev, G. G., A. N. Savostyanov, A. V. Bocharov, and A. E. Saprigyn. "The relationship of neuroticism to individual differences in the dynamics of brain activity during social interactions." Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatelnosti Imeni I.P. Pavlova 74, no. 6 (2024): 717–26. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0044467724060061.
Full textAbstract:
Social interactions in the context of cooperation and competition are the most important type of activity of people, determining their well-being and success in life. The neural bases of this activity, as well as the role of personality-related individual differences, are insufficiently studied. In particular, the literature lacks data on the relationship between neuroticism and individual differences in brain activity during cooperative and competitive interactions, and the aim of our work was to fill this gap. fMRI data were recorded during task performance in individual, cooperative, and competitive modes and analyzed using the inter-subject representative similarity analysis. The results indicate that in emotionally instable individuals, social interactions, in both cooperative and competitive contexts, are associated with greater strain, manifested in the activity of social brain, emotion regulation, and attentional centers. This can potentially lead to the accumulation of the effects of social stress and the emergence of symptoms of mental health problems.
31
Gba, Bomey Clément, Jean-Claude Koffi Bene, Zoro Bertin Gone Bi, Alexander Mielke, and Inza Kone. "Within-group spatial position and activity budget of wild sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) in Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 7 (2020): 2991–3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.2.
Full textAbstract:
Within social groups, feeding competition and predation pressure affect individual spatial position. The costs and benefits associated to each position are likely to influence the time that individuals allocate to different activities. Whether the effect of spatial positioning on activity budget differs between individuals of different sex or dominance rank remains unclear. This study aimed at investigating the effect of within-group spatial position on the activity budget of male and female sooty mangabeys. Focal behavioral observations was used to collect the individual location and behavior every 15 minutes (N=5115 locations) on 29 individuals from a wild group of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys) in the Taï National Park. The joint effect of rank, sex and spatial position on individual‟s activity budget was investigated. Females were more central in the group and both fed and rested more than males, independently of their rank. High-ranking individuals from both sexes were more likely to be central and both fed and rested longer than low-ranking ones. Females and high-ranking individuals from both sexes benefit from their social status by adopting spatial positions in the community that could influence their fitness positively. These results are discussed to improve our understanding of social dynamics in wild primates.Keywords: Spatial position, primates, socio-ecology, social dynamics.
32
Titkova, M. V. "Social work as a specific professional activity." Social'naja politika i social'noe partnerstvo (Social Policy and Social Partnership), no. 2 (February 10, 2025): 115–18. https://doi.org/10.33920/pol-01-2502-06.
Full textAbstract:
Social work is considered as an effective tool for solving personal and social problems of a person. The essential content of social work is analyzed, the key tasks and targets of social work as a professional activity are identified. The article highlights the main technologies used in modern social work, in particular, technologies of individual, group and community social work.
33
Zhang, Lin, Suhong Zhou, Mei-Po Kwan, Fei Chen, and Rongping Lin. "Impacts of Individual Daily Greenspace Exposure on Health Based on Individual Activity Space and Structural Equation Modeling." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 10 (2018): 2323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102323.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies on the effects of greenspace exposure on health are largely based on static contextual units, such as residential neighborhoods, and other administrative units. They tend to ignore the spatiotemporal dynamics of individual daily greenspace exposure and the mediating effects of specific activity type (such as physical activity). Therefore, this study examines individual daily greenspace exposure while taking into account people’s daily mobility and the mediating role of physical activity between greenspace exposure and health. Specifically, using survey data collected in Guangzhou, China, and high-resolution remote sensing images, individual activity space for a weekday is delineated and used to measure participants’ daily greenspace exposure. Structural equation modeling is then applied to analyze the direct effects of individual daily greenspace exposure on health and its indirect effects through the mediating variable of physical activity. The results show that daily greenspace exposure directly influences individual health and also indirectly affects participants’ health status through physical activity. With respect to the total effects, daily greenspace exposure helps improve participants’ mental health and contributes to promoting their social health. It also helps improve participants’ physical health, although to a lesser extent. In general, the higher the daily greenspace exposure, the higher the physical activity level and the better the overall health (including physical, mental, and social health).
34
Hakataya, Shiomi, Noriko Katsu, Kazuo Okanoya, and Genta Toya. "An exploratory study of behavioral traits and the establishment of social relationships in female laboratory rats." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (2023): e0295280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295280.
Full textAbstract:
There is growing evidence that social relationships influence individual fitness through various effects. Clarifying individual differences in social interaction patterns and determinants for such differences will lead to better understanding of sociality and its fitness consequences for animals. Behavioral traits are considered one of the determining factors of social interaction. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of individual behavioral traits on social relationship building in laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus), a highly social species. Initially, the following behavioral characteristics were measured in individuals: tameness (glove test), activity (open field test), exploration (novel object test), sociability (three-chamber test), and boldness (elevated plus maze test). We then used DeepLabCut to behaviorally track three groups of four individuals (12 total) and analyze social behaviors such as approach and avoidance behaviors. Principal component analysis based on behavioral test results detected behavioral traits interpreted as related to exploration, boldness, activity, and tameness, but not sociability. In addition, behavioral tracking results showed consistent individual differences in social behavior indices such as isolation time and partner preference. Furthermore, we found that different components were correlated with different phases of social behavior; exploration and boldness were associated with the early stages of group formation, whereas activity was associated with later stages of relationship building. From these results, we derived hypothesize that personality traits related to the physical and social environment have a larger influence in the relationship formation phase, and the behavioral trait of activity becomes important in the maintenance phase of relationships. Future studies should examine this hypothesis by testing larger group sizes and ensuring there is less bias introduced into group composition.
35
Kapustin, Sergiy. "INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTER OF THE PERSON’S OUTLOOK." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 4(3-4) (May 6, 2018): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2018.5007.4(3-4)-1.
Full textAbstract:
The education itself possesses the potential of interpersonal communication within which the person has the possibility to return to ontological foundations of selfidentification and selfrealization. The outlook task of education is to help to systematize them into the exact systematic unity which makes the foundation for the unity formation of the cognitive and praxeological means of human personality. For that it is necessary the human multi-facet development within the framework of the pedagogical philosophical discourse the theoretical and methodological problems of the outlook development. It is the direction at the cognitive and practical activity of the person.
36
Heyets, Valeriy. "Socialization and social innovations in economic development." Ekonomìčna teorìâ 2020, no. 4 (2020): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/etet2020.04.005.
Full textAbstract:
It is shown that economic development includes the subjective activity of people, which is conscious and is formed in the process of socialization that takes place because of the interiorization of social forms of life. The internal psychology of a person receives an outwardly expressed form through exteriorization, which, thanks to the accumulated internal potency, comes into contradiction with the surrounding social environment. The result of the solution of these contradictions is social innovations, which renew and intensify the vital activity of both individuals, individual collectives, and society as a whole. Social innovation is considered as the accumulation of intangible assets in the form of skills that are competitive and exclusive. On this basis, the author characterizes socialization in the economy through the process of socialization of capital, and socialization of the state and public organizations. Also, the article tackles the problems and the role of digitalization in the transformation of the individual socialization.
37
Vekova, Lyudmila. "Social Work Education – Specific Aspects of Social Activities with Unemployed Persons." Pedagogika-Pedagogy 95, no. 5 (2023): 571–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/ped2023-5.01.
Full textAbstract:
Social work education is faced with the serious challenges of adequately reflecting the main trends of practical activity oriented towards individual target groups. In this context, the essential characteristics and specific features of social work with unemployed persons as a mandatory element and basic form for the realization of the functions of social protection in case of unemployment, should be adequately reflected in the content of the training of future specialists. The article examines the conceptual view of social work with unemployed persons as a certain sequence of social activities and a variety of social interventions aimed at individuals, families or certain groups with the aim of material support and employment creation. Focusing on the content characteristics of social work with this target group as a sequence of targeted social activities differentiated by various criteria in the individual components of the unemployment protection system, the research focuses on systematizing basic requirements for the content of training in the professional direction “Social Activities”.
38
Gómez, Yamenah, John Berezowski, Yandy Abreu Jorge, et al. "Similarity in Temporal Movement Patterns in Laying Hens Increases with Time and Social Association." Animals 12, no. 5 (2022): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12050555.
Full textAbstract:
We explored the relationship between social associations and individual activity patterns in domestic hens. Out of 1420 laying hens, 421 hens were equipped with RFID tags attached to RFID-specific leg bands (leg bands from Company Roxan, Selkirk, Scotland) to continuously track their change in location across four different areas (one indoor and three outdoor areas). Using a combination of social network analysis for quantifying social relationships and dynamic time warping for characterizing the movement patterns of hens, we found that hens were consistent in their individual variation in temporal activity and maintained stable social relationships in terms of preferred association partners. In addition to being consistent, social associations correlated with movement patterns and this correlation strengthened over the period of observation, suggesting that the animals aligned their activity patterns with those of their social affiliates. These results demonstrate the importance of social relationships when considering the expression of individual behaviour. Notably, differences in temporal patterns emerge despite rather homogeneous rearing conditions, same environment, and low genetic diversity. Thus, while variation in behavioural phenotypes can be observed across isolated individuals, this study shows that the social environment within a group can shape and enhance variation in general movement patterns of individual animals.
39
Fujioka, Haruna, Masato S. Abe, and Yasukazu Okada. "Individual Ants Do Not Show Activity-Rest Rhythms in Nest Conditions." Journal of Biological Rhythms 36, no. 3 (2021): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07487304211002934.
Full textAbstract:
Circadian rhythms, which respond to the day-night cycle on the earth, arise from the endogenous timekeeping system within organisms, called the “biological clock.” For accurate circadian rhythms, daily fluctuations in light and temperature are considered one of the important time cues. In social insects, both abiotic and biotic factors (i.e., social interactions) play a significant role in activity-rest rhythm regulation. However, it is challenging to monitor individual activity-rest rhythms in a colony because of the large group size and small body size. Therefore, it is unclear whether individuals in a colony exhibit activity-rest rhythms and how social interactions regulate their activity-rest rhythms in the colony. This study developed an image-based tracking system using 2D barcodes for Diacamma cf. indicum from Japan (a monomorphic ant) and measured the locomotor activities of all colony members under laboratory colony conditions. We also investigated the effect of broods on activity-rest rhythms by removing all broods under colony conditions. Activity-rest rhythms appeared only in isolated ants, not under colony conditions. In addition, workers showed arrhythmic activities after brood removal. These results suggested that a mixture of social interactions, and not light and temperature, induces the loss of activity-rest rhythms. These results contribute to the knowledge of a diverse pattern of circadian activity rhythms in social insects.
40
Favati, Anna, Olof Leimar, Tommy Radesäter, and Hanne Løvlie. "Social status and personality: stability in social state can promote consistency of behavioural responses." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1774 (2014): 20132531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2531.
Full textAbstract:
Stability of ‘state’ has been suggested as an underlying factor explaining behavioural stability and animal personality (i.e. variation among, and consistency within individuals in behavioural responses), but the possibility that stable social relationships represent such states remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the influence of social status on the expression and consistency of behaviours by experimentally changing social status between repeated personality assays. We used male domestic fowl ( Gallus gallus domesticus ), a social species that forms relatively stable dominance hierarchies, and showed that behavioural responses were strongly affected by social status, but also by individual characteristics. The level of vigilance, activity and exploration changed with social status, whereas boldness appeared as a stable individual property, independent of status. Furthermore, variation in vocalization predicted future social status, indicating that individual behaviours can both be a predictor and a consequence of social status, depending on the aspect in focus. Our results illustrate that social states contribute to both variation and stability in behavioural responses, and should therefore be taken into account when investigating and interpreting variation in personality.
41
Brennan, Peter A., and Keith M. Kendrick. "Mammalian social odours: attraction and individual recognition." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1476 (2006): 2061–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1931.
Full textAbstract:
Mammalian social systems rely on signals passed between individuals conveying information including sex, reproductive status, individual identity, ownership, competitive ability and health status. Many of these signals take the form of complex mixtures of molecules sensed by chemosensory systems and have important influences on a variety of behaviours that are vital for reproductive success, such as parent–offspring attachment, mate choice and territorial marking. This article aims to review the nature of these chemosensory cues and the neural pathways mediating their physiological and behavioural effects. Despite the complexities of mammalian societies, there are instances where single molecules can act as classical pheromones attracting interest and approach behaviour. Chemosignals with relatively high volatility can be used to signal at a distance and are sensed by the main olfactory system. Most mammals also possess a vomeronasal system, which is specialized to detect relatively non-volatile chemosensory cues following direct contact. Single attractant molecules are sensed by highly specific receptors using a labelled line pathway. These act alongside more complex mixtures of signals that are required to signal individual identity. There are multiple sources of such individuality chemosignals, based on the highly polymorphic genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or lipocalins such as the mouse major urinary proteins. The individual profile of volatile components that make up an individual odour signature can be sensed by the main olfactory system, as the pattern of activity across an array of broadly tuned receptor types. In addition, the vomeronasal system can respond highly selectively to non-volatile peptide ligands associated with the MHC, acting at the V2r class of vomeronasal receptor. The ability to recognize individuals or their genetic relatedness plays an important role in mammalian social behaviour. Thus robust systems for olfactory learning and recognition of chemosensory individuality have evolved, often associated with major life events, such as mating, parturition or neonatal development. These forms of learning share common features, such as increased noradrenaline evoked by somatosensory stimulation, which results in neural changes at the level of the olfactory bulb. In the main olfactory bulb, these changes are likely to refine the pattern of activity in response to the learned odour, enhancing its discrimination from those of similar odours. In the accessory olfactory bulb, memory formation is hypothesized to involve a selective inhibition, which disrupts the transmission of the learned chemosignal from the mating male. Information from the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems is integrated at the level of the corticomedial amygdala, which forms the most important pathway by which social odours mediate their behavioural and physiological effects. Recent evidence suggests that this region may also play an important role in the learning and recognition of social chemosignals.
42
da Silva Pontes, Nayara, Sanderson José Costa de Assis, Gabrielle Silva de Oliveira, et al. "Social determinants and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Brazil." PLOS ONE 19, no. 7 (2024): e0306840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306840.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and their association with individual and contextual factors in the Brazilian population. This quantitative cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Brazilian National Health Survey from August 2013 to February 2014. The dependent variable included WMSD, and independent variables were analyzed as individual and contextual factors. WMSD was mostly prevalent in females, individuals aged 43 to 59 years, with chronic physical or mental disorders, reporting frequent sleep disorders, and performing integrative and complementary health practices, physical exercise or sports, and heavy physical activity or housework. Regarding contextual factors, high social classes and proportion of individuals with formal work were associated with a high prevalence of WMSD, whereas a high Gini index was associated with a low prevalence. Thus, a high prevalence of WMSD in the Brazilian population was associated with individual and contextual factors, which should be the target of health professionals for actions of promotion, prevention, and intervention at individual or collective care levels.
43
Golubeva, I. U., T. G. Kuznetsova, N. V. Meishvili, and V. G. Chalyan. "Individual and sex differences in the behavior of adolescents Macaque Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) united into a new social group." Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta Seria XXIII Antropologia), no. 3/2024 (October 5, 2024): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu2074-8132-24-3-10.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Primates living in groups in the laboratory can exhibit a wide range of behaviors consistent with their natural behavioral repertoire. The study of adolescent macaques’ behavior grouped together in new social group is of interest for understanding the social organization of preschool children, as well as for anthropology in general. The goal of the work is to reveal the individual and sex differences of behavioral activity of unrelated adolescent rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), grouped in new laboratory conditions. Materials and methods. We conducted focal observations recording the behavior activity of each macaque in the first two months of their cohabitation. We analyzed individual and sex differences in the manifestation of locomotor, exploratory and social behavior. Results. Individual characteristics of macaques for each type of behavior were identified. The group turned out to be the most heterogeneous in the degree of manifestation of exploratory behavior. The exploratory activity of females was significantly higher than that of males. Social activity was significantly higher in males due to the predominance of friendly reactions, although aggression was equally demonstrated in both sexes. However, females were significantly more often exposed to aggression from other individuals than they showed it themselves. As for males, aggression towards other individuals and aggression from other individuals did not differ significantly. Most individuals in the group demonstrated more friendliness reactions than aggression, but two macaques showed these types of behavior equally. There were no differences in the number of locomotor reactions between males and females. Conclusion. The analysis made it possible to trace the basic forms of behavioral activity of adolescent macaques in context of the new social group formation. The obtained results give us better understanding of the mechanisms of primates’ social behavior organization.
44
Wild, Benjamin, David M. Dormagen, Adrian Zachariae, et al. "Social networks predict the life and death of honey bees." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (2021): 1110. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21212-5.
Full textAbstract:
In complex societies, individuals’ roles are reflected by interactions with other conspecifics. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) generally change tasks as they age, but developmental trajectories of individuals can vary drastically due to physiological and environmental factors. We introduce a succinct descriptor of an individual’s social network that can be obtained without interfering with the colony. This ‘network age’ accurately predicts task allocation, survival, activity patterns, and future behavior. We analyze developmental trajectories of multiple cohorts of individuals in a natural setting and identify distinct developmental pathways and critical life changes. Our findings suggest a high stability in task allocation on an individual level. We show that our method is versatile and can extract different properties from social networks, opening up a broad range of future studies. Our approach highlights the relationship of social interactions and individual traits, and provides a scalable technique for understanding how complex social systems function.
45
Shi, Weijin, Xiaobo Zhu, Junfeng Shi, Lijun Xu, and Wenyi Jiang. "Physical Activity, Individual Emotions, and Prosocial Attitudes: the Role Of Citizen Identity." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 51, no. 3 (2023): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12224.
Full textAbstract:
Using data from 10,154 participants in the Chinese General Social Survey, we examined the effect of physical activity on emotions and prosocial attitudes, and the moderating effect of citizen identity on the positive effect of physical activity. The findings showed that physical activity was positively related to happiness and social trust perception, and negatively related to depression. This study further found that the effects of physical activity on improving happiness and social trust and decreasing depression were stronger among urban compared to rural participants. We discuss conclusions and implications for practice.
46
Hsiao, Yuan. "Understanding digital natives in contentious politics: Explaining the effect of social media on protest participation through psychological incentives." New Media & Society 20, no. 9 (2018): 3457–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817749519.
Full textAbstract:
Many have observed that a new political generation of digital natives has heavily used social media as means of facilitating street protests. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which social media affects protest participation are not completely understood due to the shortage of psychological explanations. This study employs a uniquely designed survey on a massive demonstration to address such concerns. Social media activity triggers the psychological incentives of anger, social incentives, identification, and individual efficacy. In particular, individual efficacy directly mediates the relationship between social media activity and protest participation. The findings substantiate new theories of connective action and suggest that social media may be a new mobilization structure via changing the decision-making processes of individuals. Theoretical implications on understanding digital natives and deliberative democracy are discussed.
47
Miettinen, Reijo. "Object of Activity and Individual Motivation." Mind, Culture, and Activity 12, no. 1 (2005): 52–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327884mca1201_5.
Full text
48
Hu, Duan, Benxiong Huang, Lai Tu, and Shu Chen. "Understanding Social Characteristic from Spatial Proximity in Mobile Social Network." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 10, no. 4 (2015): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2015.4.1991.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past decades, cities as gathering places of millions of people rapidly evolved in all aspects of population, society, and environments. As one recent trend, location-based social networking applications on mobile devices are becoming increasingly popular. Such mobile devices also become data repositories of massive human activities. Compared with sensing applications in traditional sensor network, Social sensing application in mobile social network, as in which all individuals are regarded as numerous sensors, would result in the fusion of mobile, social and sensor data. In particular, it has been observed that the fusion of these data can be a very powerful tool for series mining purposes. A clear knowledge about the interaction between individual mobility and social networks is essential for improving the existing individual activity model in this paper. We first propose a new measurement called geographic community for clustering spatial proximity in mobile social networks. A novel approach for detecting these geographic communities in mobile social networks has been proposed. Through developing a spatial proximity matrix, an improved symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization method (SNMF) is used to detect geographic communities in mobile social networks. By a real dataset containing thousands of mobile phone users in a provincial capital of China, the correlation between geographic community and common social properties of users have been tested. While exploring shared individual movement patterns, we propose a hybrid approach that utilizes spatial proximity and social proximity of individuals for mining network structure in mobile social networks. Several experimental results have been shown to verify the feasibility of this proposed hybrid approach based on the MIT dataset.
49
Ponukalin, A. A. "Social Psychology of Management of Innovative Activity." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 10, no. 4 (2010): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2010-10-4-83-88.
Full textAbstract:
Psychological researches of innovative activity are submitted in given article. The basis of the given research is 2020 regulations about the necessity of a choice of an innovative way of development stated in the Concept. Problem which assumes scientific study of concept of an innovation as the multivariate size determined in space of many variables and including – psychological accept is formulated in the article. The necessity of development of the psychological theory of individual innovative activity that will allow solving problems of management of the given activity is underlined in article.
50
Shamionov, Rail M., E. E. Bocharova, and E. V. Nevsky. "The role of dynamic properties in the social activity of the individual." Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 43, no. 3 (2022): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020595920020497-2.
Full text