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Hui, Yin-wah Eva, and 許燕華. "Adolescent bullying in public housing estates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978538.
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Okyere, Francis. "Social responsibility in the SMMEs of the Botshabelo industrial estates." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/198.
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Thesis (M. Tech. (Business administration)) - Central University of technology, Free State, 2012Research evidence suggests that South African small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are not making the desired impact on their societies because they are unable to create jobs. The normative assertion is that by engaging in socially responsible activities, SMMEs will be able to enhance their impact on society. Much “noise”, effort and resources are being made available to South African SMMEs to encourage them to embrace this concept of social responsibility as it is also touted to result in business benefits. Socially responsible behaviour by SMMEs has therefore become an important national issue in South Africa. However, in spite of this realisation, very little is known about how seriously the South African SMMEs really consider and approach the whole issue of business social responsibility (BSR) precisely because of the dearth of empirical research on the subject. Without empirical evidence from systematic research, it becomes extremely difficult to tell for sure what these SMMEs think of and are really doing in terms of BSR; what obstacles they face in their BSR endeavours; what support they need; among others. Without such information, policy makers cannot reasonably be expected to formulate appropriate support mechanisms to enhance the BSR efforts of these SMMEs. In the end, communities like Botshabelo (in the Free State Province of South Africa) might lose out on the benefits that are usually associated with BSR performance of SMMEs. The purpose of this study was to provide such information. Specifically, the research investigated the following issues: SMMEs understanding of BSR; BSR as a sound business philosophy/practice for SMMEs; Why SMMEs undertake BSR; SMMEs’ attitude towards BSR; Barriers to SMMEs’ BSR engagement; and main BSR activities of SMMEs. In this study, research was conducted on the SMMEs of the Botshabelo industrial estate. After a thorough literature review, data were collected from 170 respondents on 137 out of the 150 SMMEs operating in Botshabelo. The results of the data analysis suggest that the SMMEs investigated have a good understanding of the concept and its value. However, the SMMEs focus mainly on employee and customer issues while showing less concern for community and environmental issues. The SMMEs also encounter barriers to BSR engagement which mostly have to do with lack of time. Based on these findings, recommendations are made regarding policy and further research.
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Chui, Yi-wah Eva, and 徐依華. "Social sustainability & residential planning: public rental housing estates in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014085.
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Santos, Flávio Rosendo dos. "A influência política na gestão das empresas estatais à luz do direito fundamental à boa administração e da governança corporativa e pública." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2015. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1592.
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Este estudo dedica-se a explicar em que medida a influência política na gestão das empresas estatais pode ser considerada legítima à luz do direito fundamental à boa administração pública e da governança corporativa e pública, motivo pelo qual se empreendeu pesquisa bibliográfica e documental pautada no método dedutivo de trabalho, na qual foram investigados e apresentados conceitos e questões relativas ao Estado, governo, política, Administração Pública direita e indireta, princípios constitucionais da Administração Pública, direito fundamental à boa administração pública, governança corporativa e pública e empresas estatais. Com base nas premissas encontradas nas obras e legislações consultadas, foi possível concluir que a influência política na gestão das empresas estatais pode ser considerada legítima à luz do direito fundamental à boa administração pública quando promova o interesse público e o atingimento de finalidades públicas, com eficácia, eficiência e observância dos direitos dos cidadãos e dos princípios e regras que compõem o regime jurídico da Administração Pública; e pode ser considerada legítima à luz da governança corporativa e pública se, de forma transparente e conforme as normas pertinentes, busca propiciar não o benefício privado dos agentes políticos, mas a promoção do interesse público ou, em outras palavras, o incremento do valor público produzido por elas, sem deixar de proteger e garantir os direitos de seus stakeholders e shareholders.This study is dedicated to explain the extent to which political influence in the management of state-owned enterprises can be considered legitimate in the light of the fundamental right to good governance and corporate and public governance, for which was undertaken bibliographical and documentary research guided by the deductive method of work, in which were investigated and presented concepts and issues relating to the State, Government, politics, Public Administration, constitutional principles of Public Administration, the fundamental right to good administration, corporate and public governance and state enterprises. Based on the assumptions found in the works and consulted laws it was possible to conclude that the political influence in state-owned enterprises management can be considered legitimate in the light of the fundamental right to good governance if it promotes the public interest and the public purposes achievement, effectively, efficiently and if it preserves the citizens' rights and the principles and rules that make up the legal framework for public administration; and can be considered legitimate in the light of corporate and public governance to the extent that, in a transparent manner and according to the relevant rules, it seeks not the private benefit of politicians, but to promote the public interest or, in other words, the increase of public value produced by them, while protecting and guaranteeing the rights of its stakeholders and shareholders.
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Li, Limei. "A home of one's own : ways of life in privately governed commodity housing estates in urban China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/806.
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Alliende, Serra Macarena Cristina. "Análisis económico del derecho administrativo: el caso del Crédito con Garantía Estatal (CAE)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/159459.
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Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)La presente tesis se enmarca dentro del proyecto FONDECYT titulado “Análisis económico del derecho administrativo”. Su objeto es evaluar el financiamiento de la educación superior en Chile mediante el Crédito con Aval del Estado (en adelante, “CAE”), desde una perspectiva económica de costos y beneficios sociales. Las políticas públicas de financiamiento de la educación superior suelen estar pensadas para maximizar el acceso y la calidad, sin definir previamente los factores que permiten concluir que estas consecuencias serán alcanzadas. En razón de esto, se analizan los presupuestos económicos subyacentes a la implementación del CAE por medio de la elaboración de una inecuación, que detalla los costos y beneficios contemplados en su diseño. Estos se justifican de acuerdo a un ejercicio de reconstrucción a partir de la historia de la ley y de su contexto, tanto legislativo como político. Para comprender este contexto, se hace un breve resumen de la evolución del sistema de educación superior chileno desde mediados del siglo XX hasta el año 2005, con particular énfasis en las formas de financiamiento. El análisis económico consiste en un análisis empírico en base a datos proporcionados por el Ministerio de Educación y la Comisión Ingresa, entre otras fuentes, sobre los efectos del CAE en el sistema de educación superior desde su implementación hasta el año 2016. Esto permite evaluar si el CAE se trata de una política pública de financiamiento ventajosa y eficiente en relación a los costos y beneficios contemplados originalmente por la misma. Una vez analizados los efectos del CAE, se hace una evaluación de los problemas más importantes que presenta desde dos perspectivas normativas: primero, desde la perspectiva que comprende la educación superior como un mercado que presenta fallas; y, por otra parte, desde la perspectiva que comprende la educación superior como un derecho social que debe tener un régimen particular, distinto del régimen de mercado. Por último se exponen posibles propuestas para mejorar, cambiar o eliminar el CAE en base a las dos perspectivas normativas antes expuestas.
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Kwok, Nai-yeung, and 郭乃揚. "Social structure and delinquent patterns: an exploration of boy gangs in the public housing estates of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31975422.
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Glavanis, Pandelis Michalis. "Aspects of the economic and social history of the Greek community in Alexandria during the nineteenth century." Thesis, University of Hull, 1989. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3580.
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This study is intended to be a contribution to nineteenth century Egyptian historiography with particular reference to a discussion of aspects of the economic and social role and activities of the Greek community in Alexandria. Given, however, the almost total absence of studies on the role and activities of the modern history of the Greeks in Egypt, this study constitutes both a pioneering and preliminary contribution.
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Chau, Peter Siu Chun. "Social deprivation and criminal punishment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:59b68db7-20b7-461f-8c08-f8ee3e67d636.
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My aim in this thesis is to examine whether there are some mitigating factors, i.e. reasons to punish an offender less for his crime than an otherwise similar offender (other than that the offender suffered from mental disorder or disturbance or other forms of irrationality at the time of offence), that are more applicable to socially deprived offenders than to non-socially deprived offenders. I will answer the thesis question through a critical examination of twelve arguments for claiming that there is a mitigating factor that is more applicable to socially deprived offenders, each proposing a different mitigating factor. My conclusions are as follows: (1) Most of the arguments that I examine fail, i.e. they either fail to highlight a genuine mitigating factor, or we do not have much evidence that the mitigating factor highlighted by the argument has a greater applicability to socially deprived offenders than to non-socially deprived offenders. (2) However, one argument, which can be called the no violation of natural duties argument, is successful. (3) Moreover, the improvement of the worst off argument, an argument that is not often discussed in the literature, is particularly noteworthy. If my discussion about that argument is correct, then even if, as I will argue, the mitigating factor highlighted by that argument may not be more applicable to socially deprived offenders than to non-socially deprived offenders, the remaining parts of that argument would still have profound influence on punishment in our unjust societies.
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Daniel, Vanessa Marques. "Os sistemas de informação em saúde e seu apoio à gestão e ao planejamento do SUS: uma análise de estados brasileiros." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1161.
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Previous issue date: 2013The expansion of the use of the Information Systems (IS) in various areas of society and concomitantly the evolution of the needs in the health field resulted in the use of these Technologies to computerize data in the field of health, with the aim of processing them in a centralized way and also easily obtain information that can subsidize governmental actions. Therefore, this study aims to answer the following research issue: How are the Health Information System offered by DATASUS contributing to the management and planning of SUS? In order to answer that it was opt to use the qualitative approach, having as a research strategy the case study, being the studied cases the Health State’s Secretary (HSS) of Rio Grande do Sul and the Health State’s Secretary of Paraná. The researched Information Systems in these states were the Information System about Mortality (ISM) and the Information System in Decentralized Hospital (ISDH). This paper allowed verifying the existence of institutional factors which influenced either the conception or the system’s use, making it possible to state the Strong presence of the coercive pressures to send the data of the investigatory systems monthly to the Federal government, because the dispatch leads to government cutbacks in the secretaries.Both investigatory IS are extensively used in the HSS seen, having specific areas responsible for the data processing. Due to the IS contributions it was found that the investigated systems contribute to the management and planning of the Unique Health System (UHS) management. However, these ISs present limitations regarding questions of quality of the information and impossibility of data interaction, which end up delimiting the action of the managers based on their evidences. These fragmented information subside in a satisfactory way the activities of sectors individual in the monitoring and position of specific actions, not providing the possibility of thinking in health in a bigger scale, involving intersectional politics aiming to promote better health conditions to the population.
A expansão do uso de Sistemas de Informação (SI) nas mais diversas áreas da sociedade e, concomitantemente, a evolução das necessidades na área da saúde acarretaram o uso dessas tecnologias para informatizar os dados na área da saúde, com o intuito de registrá-los de forma centralizada e também obter facilmente informações que possam subsidiar as ações governamentais. Considerando esse contexto, este estudo visa responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como os Sistemas de Informação em Saúde ofertados pelo DATASUS estão contribuindo para a gestão e o planejamento do SUS? Para respondê-lo optou-se por utilizar uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como estratégia de pesquisa o estudo de caso, sendo os casos estudados a Secretaria Estadual de Saúde (SES) do Rio Grande do Sul e a SES do Paraná. Os Sistemas de Informação pesquisados nesses estados foram o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar Descentralizado (SIHD). O trabalho permitiu verificar a existência de fatores institucionais que influenciaram tanto na concepção quanto na utilização dos sistemas, podendo citar a forte presença de pressões coercitivas para remeter os dados dos sistemas investigados mensalmente ao governo Federal, pois o não envio acarreta cortes orçamentários nas secretarias.Ambos os SI investigados são utilizados extensivamente nas SES averiguadas, tendo áreas específicas responsáveis pelo processamento dos dados. A respeito das contribuições dos SI, constatou-se que os sistemas investigados contribuem para a gestão e o planejamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Contudo, esses SI apresentarem limitações frente questões como qualidade da informação e impossibilidade de interação dos dados, que acabam por delimitar as ações dos gestores baseadas em suas evidências. Essas informações fragmentadas subsidiam de forma satisfatória as atividades de setores individualmente no monitoramento e proposições de ações específicas, não proporcionando a possibilidade de pensar em saúde de maneira mais abrangente, envolvendo políticas intersetoriais com intuito de promover melhores condições de saúde à população.
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Mogashoa, M. W. "The interface between politics and administration in the Limpopo Department of Education." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1051.
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Thesis (MPA) --University of Limpopo, 2006The study conducted was based on the political and administrative interface in the Department of Education in Limpopo. This provincial Department has experienced challenges that originated from the offices of both the Executive Authority and the Accounting officer. This grey area in the Department had almost paralysed the whole system and it became imperative that it be studied in an attempt to find possible solutions. An extensive scientific body of knowledge from different scholars and their findings contributed to a new direction recommended for consideration. The findings presented have the capacity to hamstring any organisation. The findings reveal, among others, that: the complementary bureaucratic model is threatened by time, and its challenges are enormous; there is little knowledge among politicians and administrators regarding interface matters; administrators do not have a global picture regarding the result of unethical conduct; more research on interface matters needs to be done and results published for the public to be educated while politicians and administrators should be continuously trained; the fluidity of the interface needs continuous focus to avoid plunging the department into an untenable situation.
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Hendricks, Susan M. "Contextual and individual factors and the use of influencing tactics in adult eduction program planning." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1172470.
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Understanding the political nature of adult education program planning is important for practitioners and researchers. This multivariate study clarified the relationships between contextual factors (nature of the power relationship and degree of situational conflict), individual planner's characteristics (perceived problem solving effectiveness, years of experience program planning), and the use of different power and influencing tactics in adult education program planning. Based on theoretical models specified by Cervero and Wilson (1994) and later Yang (1996), the Problem Solving Inventory (Heppner, 1988) and the Power and Influencing Tactics Scale (Yang, 1996) provided instrumentation.A sample of 245 graduate students and faculty in Adult and/or Continuing Education programs completed the informed consent and all the self-report study instruments. Participants were middle-aged (M = 40.84), female (65.1%), and white (82.0%). Most held master's degrees (50.8%) or bachelor's degrees (41.1%) and worked in a public organization (57.1%) of moderate size. Most participants reported low conflict situations and strong perceived problem solving ability.Two significant canonical correlations were initially identified, though only the first held practical importance. In the first canonical correlation (Rc = 0.524; Rc ² = 0.275; p>0.01), high conflict was the singular meaningful predictor variable and there were several moderately strong criterion variables: high counteracting, low reasoning, and low consulting. This canonical correlation was named "When reasoning and consulting fail: counteracting in the face of conflict." Furthermore, in consensual planning situations, reasoning and consulting were favored, while counteracting was not. Three of the hypotheses that were generated to specifically test different uses of influencing tactics under different individual and contextual conditions were partially accepted. Being an early attempt to characterize complex constructs quantitatively, this study suggests that further work is needed to identify and measure the factors that are most critical. Future qualitative research should clarify the nature of power and conflict, and focus on describing the actual use of different influencing tactics in the field. Quantitative research should focus on reliability of instruments and theoretical model clarification with a broader range of adult education program planners.Department of Educational Leadership
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Danarp, Martin, and Anas Ramish. "Sustainability reports - Legitimizing negative aspects : A qualitative study on the Swedish steel industry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160729.
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Problem: Legitimacy is a resource that organizations depend on for their survival. According to legitimacy theory companies need to make sure that they are recognized as operating within the bounds and norms of society and sustainability reports is a way for companies to communicate this. Due to an addition to the Swedish annual accounting law in 2016, large companies are required to produce a sustainability report and to report the consequences that the company operations has on the environment, social conditions, employees, respect for human rights and counteracting corruption. Because companies are required to disclose these negative aspects, they need to do it strategically to not damage their legitimacy. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand how Swedish companies in the steel industry legitimize negative aspects of their operations in sustainability reports and to understand if there is a pattern between the type of negative aspect disclosed and the type of legitimation strategy used. Method: To achieve the purpose of our study, a qualitative method has been used. A multiple case-study with a document analysis has been conducted on the sustainability reports of Sandvik, SSAB, Boliden, LKAB and Outokumpu for year 2018. To conduct this study, legitimacy theory and Hahn & Lülfs (2014) legitimation strategies have been essential to fulfill the purpose. Results: Swedish companies in the steel industry use Hahn & Lülfs (2014) legitimation strategies and our new identified legitimation strategy, balancing, to legitimize negative aspects in their sustainability reports. We found four clear patterns between the type of negative aspect reported and the strategy used to legitimize the aspect. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that Hahn & Lülfs (2014) strategies to explain how companies legitimize negative aspects in sustainability reports are also applicable to the Swedish steel industry. The contribution to previous research on this topic is the new additional strategy that is used by the analyzed companies.
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Fung, Man-chee, and 馮敏芝. "Evaluation of the implementation of social media of Hong Kong Government." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46780361.
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E-engagement in public policies can be defined as citizens’ connection with and
participation in making public policies. The primary goal of connecting citizens during
making public policies is to improve efficiency of the governance of government and the
acceptance of public policies. To enhance public engagement in making public policies,
the Hong Kong Government is trying out to take soundings from the community and to
gauge public views on the government and public policies through social media platform,
such as Facebook, twitters, blogs and so on.
To evaluate the implementation of social media of the Hong Kong Government,
including how the social media encourages public engagement in public policies, how
and why the government employs the views collected from social media platforms in
making public policies, framework of Public Involvement Spectrum in Local Governance
put forward by the International Association for Public Participation (IAP2), its adapted
form developed by Lukensmeyer and Torres and case studies methodology will be
applied in this dissertation.
This dissertation sought to understand more on the implementation of social media by
the Hong Kong Government and what strategy should be applied by the government in
e-engagement.
This study suggested that the Hong Kong Government tend to use social media to
inform, involve and collect views from the public rather than empowering the public in
making public policies. And the Hong Kong Government has successfully increased
public awareness of certain public policies or issues through social media platform but
the acceptance on certain policies or the support rating for the Government may not be
benefited from the use of social media. Based on the analysis and observations from
this study, it provides a useful and practical roadmap for future study and development
of social media in e-engagement.published_or_final_version
Politics and Public Administration
Master
Master of Public Administration
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Ayertey, Bliss, and Getnet Mengesha Asrat. "Legitimation Strategies in the reporting of Negative CSR Aspects." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-25099.
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The survival of organizations is dependent upon their legitimacy since legitimacy provides them with access to valuable resources. Organizations do not possess legitimacy, but rather it is ascribed to them by the society they are in when their actions meet societal expectations. Fulfillment of these societal expectations requires the moral and practical obligations of organizations which we call Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). To show their CSR performance, organizations have increasingly adopted the practice of CSR reporting. In CSR reporting, organizations are expected by their stakeholders to disclose both positive and negative aspects. Although disclosing negative aspects can pose a threat to organization’s legitimacy, a third party reporting them may cause more severe damages to the legitimacy of the organization. Therefore, organizations are motivated to legitimize their negative aspects by using legitimation strategies. Using the typology of Coombs and Holladay (1996), in combination with the legitimation strategies by Hahn and Lülfs (2014) as our frameworks, and the non-financial reports of the top ten German chemical companies as our illustrative cases, we investigate and interpret the choice of legitimation strategies used by organizations to report different types of negative aspects in CSR reports. Our findings show that there is a clear pattern in the use of corrective action as a legitimation strategy for all types of negative aspects. Furthermore, we identified instances, where a new type of legitimation strategy, which we called shifting blame legitimation strategy was used. We interpreted our findings using analytical reasoning and theoretical framework such as the concept of symbolic and substantive approach to interpret our findings. Based on the findings, we concluded that the dominant pattern identified falls under the substantive approach, theoretically known for helping companies retain their legitimacy.
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Fu, Yuk-kam Connie, and 傅玉琴. "The use of web 2.0 social media tools by the HKSAR Government." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46780324.
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Long, Robert Arni. "Mayors and Chief Administrative Officers Relationships: Aspects of Functional Relationships." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1569323833668306.
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Roustant, Olivier. "Produits dérivés climatiques : aspects économétriques et financiers." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804727.
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Cette thèse constitue l'une des premières études des produits dérivés climatiques. Elle examine d'abord la modélisation de la température, qui est la variable climatique la plus fréquente (chapitre 1). Un modèle univarié de type autorégressif à volatilité périodique est en général approprié pour décrire sa dynamique, notamment pour les données françaises. Elle aborde alors quelques aspects financiers des risques climatiques. En particulier, la quasi-indépendance du marché à la température semble justifier la pratique de l'évaluation selon une approche actuarielle (chapitre 2). Enfin, elle quantifie le risque de modèle lié à cette pratique (chapitre 3). Tandis que les prix des contrats Futures sont robustes par rapport aux erreurs de modélisation, d'importantes incertitudes sont mises en évidence autour du prix des options. La source des erreurs a été identifiée : il s'agit des composantes déterministes de tendance et de saisonnalité relatives à la moyenne du processus de température.
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Magill, Julia Rose. "No contest : theorizing power through aspects of health and social care policy in the wake of the demise of the internal market in NHS Wales." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2011. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/no-contest(d7482313-4e9a-4498-a729-3318e07be8fe).html.
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Following in the footsteps of Neitzsche (1968) and Foucault (1980), Clegg et al (2006) and Haugaard and Clegg (2009) have argued that power is the most central concept in the analysis of organization and organizing. The desirability of further developing the theorization of power in health and social care policy in the United Kingdom has been identified in a number of recent publications (Hunter, 2008; Crinson, 2009; Ham, 2009). This critical overview analyzes relative power to connect policy at the macro level (ending the internal market in NHS Wales) with specific policy issues encompassed by the four projects within the portfolio on: • locality commissioning; • delayed transfers of care; • governance, incentives and integration; and • safeguarding adults. The contribution to knowledge that flows from this critical overview: identifies that theorizing power in health and social care policy may help to explain apparent disconnections between policy intent and the effect of policy in practice in the context of post-devolution Wales; • suggests that, at its most extreme, neglecting to take into account the role of power in the design, implementation and review of policy in this particular policy arena becomes a matter of life and death; and • proposes that exploring power in health and social care policy through Foucauldian-informed critical discourse analysis of relative power could to some extent facilitate translation of policy aspirations into practice.
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Laroche, Vincent. "Complementarite de l'action charitable et etatique : l'exemple des fondations hospitalieres." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33053.
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The presence of hospital foundations inside a public healthcare system raises the question of whether they are charitable organisations doing charitable acts and how they differ from state institutions. A charitable act is based on the notion of gift. A gift relationship, compared to a commercial relationship, is founded on sharing and mutual responsibility rather than common interests. Among friends and relatives, giving reveals strong and lively relationships. In modern society, giving also takes place between strangers. It reveals strong community ties. The charitable sector, including hospital foundations, is the most common form of giving among strangers. Those who participate in this sector show a high level of involvement in many sectors of society and have strong community ties. State action takes place irrespective of the quality of community ties, although it ultimately depends on it. Charitable action complements state action. However, state action remains essential since charity is alien to the concepts of justice and equity.
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Lerique, Florence. "Recherche sur les aspects juridiques de la politique de la ville." Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20005.
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Les conséquences de la concentration des populations dans les villes ont, depuis plusieurs dizaines d'années, attire l'attention des pouvoirs publics sur le phénomène urbain. La réaction de l'état s'est concrétisée par la formalisation d'une nouvelle politique publique, qualifiée de politique de la ville. A travers cette politique, l'état n'appréhende plus uniquement la ville a l'aide de paramètres techniques, comme celui de l'urbanisme, mais diversifie et adapte son intervention en fonction de problèmes juridiques, administratifs, sociaux ou politiques rencontres par les villes. L'état conçoit la ville, de plus en plus, comme un système social complexe. Pourtant, comment le droit va-t-il prendre en considération une notion, la ville, qu'il ne reconnait pas comme l'un de ses concepts ? Notre travail a consisté à cerner et à évaluer les implications juridiques de la politique de la ville. La thèse soutenue entend démontrer que les politiques ayant la ville pour objet sont à l'origine de l'affirmation d'un droit social urbain, caractérise par un impératif de solidarité envers les populations les plus défavorisées vivant dans les villes. Dans un deuxième temps, la politique de la ville se caractérise par des dispositions administratives spécifiques. Les réponses administratives aux objectifs de la politique de la ville se répartissent en trois évolutions principales : une adaptation des structures administratives, une coopération verticale et une participation des habitants à la vie localeThe consequences of the concentration of population in cities have led public authorities for several decades to give attention to urban issues. France has not escaped successive waves of urban nots. The state's reaction to this phenomenon has been the creation of a new type of policy, called + urban policy. Our aim is to define and evaluate the legal implications of this policy, showing that a policy focusing on cities is the startmg-pomt for a new form of urban law, one with a social focus. The legislation implementing such a policy gives substance to a +law of the city, characterized by the need to aid the most disadvantaged sections of society. Conceptual problems abound: the most important is that, in France, a city is not a legal unit. Responsibility for implementing this new form of urban law is therefore divided between neighborhoods, administrative districts and urban areas. Further, this law is characterized by a form of state intervention which mixes both unilateral and consensual elements. This brings about far-reaching modifications to the structure and aims of the state, as the century comes to an end. One such modification is to encourage the processes of deconcentration and decentralization of administrative organizations
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Fanari, Natali. "SUSTAINABILITY ASPECTS AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATIONS IN ENERGY UTILITY COMPANIES: A CASE STUDY ON TWO MUNICIPAL ENERGY COMPANIES." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448601.
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Achieving the balance between the three sustainability aspects i.e., environmental, social, and economic has been a problem for many companies, where many of them still prioritize the economic aspect over the environmental and social aspects. Currently, many companies and energy utilities are going through major changes in their energy systems, and to be able to stay in the market and be competitive, they need to have clear and effective policies and a clear purpose. To examine the challenges that energy utilities are going through and are restraining them from balancing between the three pillars, a qualitative method has been used. Additionally, the solutions to these challenges and which organizations can help were also examined by interviewing two Swedish companies. The findings revealed that the challenges energy utilities were going through were related to knowledge (e.g., customer acceptance, cost, waste reduction, and consuming energy without exhausting the earth's resources). On the other hand, the solutions were knowledge, educating customers, citizens, and companies, getting help from the governments and politicians, such as encouraging the implementation of CSR, laws, and financial incentives. Knowledge has been perceived as the biggest challenge and solution for almost all companies, where increasing awareness and education campaigns would play a big role in solving the problems that companies are going through.
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Williams, Brian Don. "An Investigation of the Impact of Social Vulnerability Research on the Practice of Emergency Management." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1011783/.
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This dissertation examines the extent to which social vulnerability, as studied by researchers across multiple disciplines, has influenced the practice of emergency management at the local level. This study addresses two major research questions to accomplish this goal. First, how do local emergency managers perceive and define social vulnerability? Second, what strategies do local emergency managers employ to reach and meet the needs of socially vulnerable populations? Semi-structured interviews were conducted in person or by phone with a sample of local emergency managers, city managers, and American Red Cross personnel from the Houston - Galveston and the South East Texas regions as defined by the respective Councils of Government. A modified grounded theory approach was used with a constant comparative method to identify themes for each research question. Triangulation was accomplished through secondary census data and supplemental interviews. The interview data reveal that social vulnerability research has had an indirect influence on the practice of emergency management at the local level. This influence is facilitated through state and federal policy, training, and plans development. Based on the interview data, four themes were identified that capture the various ways in which local emergency management officials perceive and define social vulnerability. These include vulnerability as poverty and culture, vulnerability as a lack of security, vulnerability as a moral imperative, and vulnerability as a lack of awareness and knowledge. In terms of strategies employed to address social vulnerability, the data suggest four themes: leaving it to the professionals, bringing in volunteers, leveraging protocols to build buy-in, and fostering flexibility. The findings reveal the importance in closing the knowledge gap between research and practice, because increased damage, harm, and death can occur when the social inequalities of everyday life are not addressed in the planning process by emergency managers. The findings also reveal that state and federal policy, training, and plans development are the most trusted sources by emergency managers to transfer knowledge to practice. Additionally, with the proliferation of emergency management degree programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels, higher education can potentially play a more active and visible role in bridging the gap between research and practice, particularly as it relates to social vulnerability.
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Daniel, Vanessa Marques. "Os sistemas de informa??o em sa?de e seu apoio ? gest?o e ao planejamento do SUS : uma an?lise de estados brasileiros." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5664.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-12The expansion of the use of the Information Systems (IS) in various areas of society and concomitantly the evolution of the needs in the health field resulted in the use of these Technologies to computerize data in the field of health, with the aim of processing them in a centralized way and also easily obtain information that can subsidize governmental actions. Therefore, this study aims to answer the following research issue: How are the Health Information System offered by DATASUS contributing to the management and planning of SUS? In order to answer that it was opt to use the qualitative approach, having as a research strategy the case study, being the studied cases the Health State s Secretary (HSS) of Rio Grande do Sul and the Health State s Secretary of Paran?. The researched Information Systems in these states were the Information System about Mortality (ISM) and the Information System in Decentralized Hospital (ISDH). This paper allowed verifying the existence of institutional factors which influenced either the conception or the system s use, making it possible to state the Strong presence of the coercive pressures to send the data of the investigatory systems monthly to the Federal government, because the dispatch leads to government cutbacks in the secretaries. Both investigatory IS are extensively used in the HSS seen, having specific areas responsible for the data processing. Due to the IS contributions it was found that the investigated systems contribute to the management and planning of the Unique Health System (UHS) management. However, these ISs present limitations regarding questions of quality of the information and impossibility of data interaction, which end up delimiting the action of the managers based on their evidences. These fragmented information subside in a satisfactory way the activities of sectors individual in the monitoring and position of specific actions, not providing the possibility of thinking in health in a bigger scale, involving intersectional politics aiming to promote better health conditions to the population.
A expans?o do uso de Sistemas de Informa??o (SI) nas mais diversas ?reas da sociedade e, concomitantemente, a evolu??o das necessidades na ?rea da sa?de acarretaram o uso dessas tecnologias para informatizar os dados na ?rea da sa?de, com o intuito de registr?-los de forma centralizada e tamb?m obter facilmente informa??es que possam subsidiar as a??es governamentais. Considerando esse contexto, este estudo visa responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como os Sistemas de Informa??o em Sa?de ofertados pelo DATASUS est?o contribuindo para a gest?o e o planejamento do SUS? Para respond?-lo optou-se por utilizar uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como estrat?gia de pesquisa o estudo de caso, sendo os casos estudados a Secretaria Estadual de Sa?de (SES) do Rio Grande do Sul e a SES do Paran?. Os Sistemas de Informa??o pesquisados nesses estados foram o Sistema de Informa??o sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e o Sistema de Informa??o Hospitalar Descentralizado (SIHD). O trabalho permitiu verificar a exist?ncia de fatores institucionais que influenciaram tanto na concep??o quanto na utiliza??o dos sistemas, podendo citar a forte presen?a de press?es coercitivas para remeter os dados dos sistemas investigados mensalmente ao governo Federal, pois o n?o envio acarreta cortes or?ament?rios nas secretarias. Ambos os SI investigados s?o utilizados extensivamente nas SES averiguadas, tendo ?reas espec?ficas respons?veis pelo processamento dos dados. A respeito das contribui??es dos SI, constatou-se que os sistemas investigados contribuem para a gest?o e o planejamento do Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS). Contudo, esses SI apresentarem limita??es frente quest?es como qualidade da informa??o e impossibilidade de intera??o dos dados, que acabam por delimitar as a??es dos gestores baseadas em suas evid?ncias. Essas informa??es fragmentadas subsidiam de forma satisfat?ria as atividades de setores individualmente no monitoramento e proposi??es de a??es espec?ficas, n?o proporcionando a possibilidade de pensar em sa?de de maneira mais abrangente, envolvendo pol?ticas intersetoriais com intuito de promover melhores condi??es de sa?de ? popula??o.
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Tupchiy, Anna. "Toward an Explanation of the Effect of an Individuals’ Culture on Learning Outcomes in a Distance Education Environment." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/428.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucfBachelors
Business Administration
Management Information Systems
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梁恆新 and Hang-san Steven Leung. "Gender bias in policing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576702.
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So, Hok-lai, and 蘇學禮. "Politicisation of housing issues in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967802.
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Aguiar, Tassiany Maressa Santos. "A gestão de ações de responsabilidade social empresarial e a interface com o Serviço Social." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20253.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The presented master's degree dissertation has a research objective- Management of corporate social responsibility actions, at companies that count on the presence of social workers, in the state of São Paulo. Our overall objective was to investigate and analyze the processes of managing social enterprise responsibility actions along with social workers. Therefore we divided the study in three important chapters of theoretical discussion and one field research. In the first one we discuss the corporate social responsibility as a form of management that is defined by an ethical and transparent relationship of the company with all public it is related with. Integrating an expanded sense of sustainability and its interlocution to Ethos institute of social responsibility. In the second chapter we discuss the management in scope of corporate social responsibility and the important process of evaluate the actions. Third chapter is dedicated to social work and its interface in the process of management and evaluation of social corporate responsibility. Finally, in the fourth part we present the field research in which we collected information about the companies linked to Ethos institute, subject of this research, located in state of São Paulo, which was with or without social worker's presence. Highlighting facing of present challenges among this socio occupational space and possibilities for social service work corroborated to the professional ethical political project principles. In this context we introduce a qualitative analysis through a critical reading of reality, using the methodology based on the dialectic method that shows possible correlation between theory and practice
A presente dissertação de mestrado tem como objeto de pesquisa - A Gestão de Ações de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, em empresas que contam com a presença de assistentes sociais, no estado de São Paulo. Nosso objetivo geral foi investigar e analisar os processos de gestão de ações de responsabilidade social empresarial que contam com a presença de assistentes sociais. Para tanto, dividimos o estudo em três importantes capítulos de discussão teórica e um de pesquisa de campo. No primeiro discutimos sobre a Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, enquanto uma forma de gestão que se define pela relação ética e transparente da empresa com todos os públicos com os quais se relaciona. Integrando o sentido ampliado de Sustentabilidade e sua interlocução com o Instituto Ethos de Responsabilidade Social. No segundo capítulo discutimos sobre Gestão no âmbito da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial e o importante processo de avaliação das ações. No terceiro discutimos a interface do Serviço Social no processo de gestão e avaliação das ações de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial. E no quarto, nos dedicamos a pesquisa de campo, apresentando as informações coletadas sobre as empresas vinculadas ao Instituto Ethos, localizadas no estado de São Paulo, e que foram sujeitos desta pesquisa. Destacamos o enfrentamento dos desafios presentes nesse espaço sócio ocupacional, empresarial e as possibilidades para o trabalho do Serviço Social corroborado com os principios do Projeto Ético Político Profissional. Neste contexto, apresentamos uma análise qualitativa através da leitura critica da realidade, cuja metodologia utilizada teve como base o método dialético, que possibilitou a corelação teoria e prática
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Magobotiti, Chris Derby. "The contribution of social work to the prevention of crime by the criminal justice system in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52500.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study deals with crime prevention within the criminal justice system in response to the current crime situation in the Western Cape. It describes the structure and function of the criminal justice system and assesses crime prevention processes with specific reference to the role of social work within the criminal justice system. It further examines the criminal justice system as practised in the Western Cape, paying specific attention to the role of the police, criminal courts and prisons in the prevention of crime. In line with the nature of the study an exploratory approach was used. The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Interviews and observations were the main research techniques used for gathering primary data. Secondary data + was gathered by means of a study of the literature. Structured and unstructured interviews were conducted with social workers, magistrates, police officers, prosecutors, victims, offenders, community workers and other officials of the criminal justice system. These interviews were mainly conducted at Wynberg magistrates' court, Drakenstein Prison (formerly known as Victor Verster Prison) and organisations based in the metro areas and on the Cape Flats. The study was conducted over a period of three years with the interview schedule administered between May and August 2000. A sample of 21 respondents was selected on the basis of a purposive approach and procedure. The comprehensive interview schedule consisted of mainly open-ended and a few closed questions, generating information on the profiles of respondents, crime dynamics in the Western Cape, the sentencing process and prevention strategies, matters related to the criminal justice system and corrections, and the role of community justice in the prevention of crime. The generated qualitative data was analysed and interpreted. The findings suggested the necessity for social work to make a contribution to the prevention of crime in a sensitive and proactive way. The analysis has shown that criminal justice approaches can significantly enhance the process of crime prevention, but that the criminal justice system requires combined strategies and approaches for crime prevention to be effective. It is in this context that the contribution of social work can be much more effective. The recommendations of the study have demonstrated a need for social workers to promote approaches that are premised on a broader understanding of the role of the criminal justice system in the prevention of crime. It is important to state that the study's recommendations for the prevention of .crirne can also be implemented by other role-players, particularly within the criminal justice system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie ondersoek handeloor misdaadvoorkoming deur die strafregstelsel in reaksie tot die huidige misdaadsituasie in-die Wes-Kaap. Dit beskryf die struktuur en funksie van die stafregstelsel en beoordeel misdaadvoorkomingsprosesse met besondere verwysing na die rol van maatskaplike werk binne die strafregstelsel. Dit ondersoek verder die strafregstelsel soos beoefen in die Wes-Kaap deur veral aandag te gee aan die rol van die polisie, die howe en gevangenisse in die voorkoming van misdaad. Die aard van die ondersoek vereis dat 'n eksplorerende benadering gevolg is. Data is versamel uit primêre sowel as sekondêre bronne. Onderhoude en waarnemings + was die hoof navorsingstegnieke wat gebruik is om primêre data te versamel. Sekondêre data is weer verkry deur 'n studie van die literatuur. Gestruktureerde en ongestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met maatskaplike werkers, landdroste, polisie beamptes, openbare vervolgers, slagoffers, gevonnisde misdadigers, gemeenkapswerkers en ander beamptes van die strafregstelsel. Hierdie onderhoude is hoofsaaklik gevoer by die Wynbergse landdroshof, Drakenstein Gevangenis (voorheen Victor Verster Gevangenis) en organisasies werksaam in die metropolitaanse gebiede en die Kaapse Vlakte. Die ondersoek is onderneem oor 'n periode van drie jaar met die onderhoude gevoer tussen Mei en Augustus 2000. 'n Steekproef van 21 respondente is geselekteer op die grondslag van 'n doelgerigte benadering en prosedure. Die omvangryke onderhoudskedule bestaan uit oorwegend oop en 'n beperkte aantal geslote vrae, en het inligting gegenereer oor die respondent-profiel, misdaad-dinamika in die Wes-Kaap, die vonnisopleggingsproses en voorkomingstrategieë, sake rakende die strafregstelsel en korrektiewe optrede, en die rol van gemeenskapsreg in die voorkoming van suggereer die noodsaaklikheid daarvan vir maatskaplike werk om 'n bydrae te lewer ,- tot die voorkoming van misdaad op 'n sensitiewe en proaktiewe wyse. Die ontledings het aangetoon dat strafregbenaderings die proses van misdaadvoorkoming beduidend kan verhoog maar om misdaadvoorkoming effektief te laat geskied, vereis die strafregstelsel gekombineerde strategieë en benaderings. Dit is binne hierdie verband dat die bydrae van maatskaplike werk baie meer effektief kan wees. Die aanbevelings van die ondersoek wys op 'n behoefte by maatskaplike werkers om benaderings te bevorder wat gebaseer is op 'n breër begrip van die rol van die strafregstelsel in die voorkoming van misdaad. Dit is van belang om te stel dat die ondersoek se aanbevelings vir die voorkoming van misdaad ook geïmplementeer kan word deur ander rolspelers, veral binne die strafregstelsel.
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Watson, Shannon Timm. "Student Employment in Student Affairs Units: Characteristics of Educationally Purposeful Environments." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1053.
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Approximately 80% of undergraduate students work during the course of their undergraduate studies. Ideally, student's on-campus employment would contribute to his or her learning and development. However, because student employment is typically approached as the fulfillment of job tasks rather than student development, higher education institutions miss critical opportunities for supporting student academic and social integration. This study reframes on-campus student employment as a developmental effort. Data in this qualitative study indicate that on-campus employment can offer opportunities for student development and academic and social integration, and that it can positively influence students' sense of mattering and overall satisfaction with their college experience. It highlights the importance of supervision in student employment and informs our understanding of the ways different types of jobs can influence students' experiences. Given that students with fewer economic resources often come from educationally disadvantaged backgrounds and are potentially more at-risk for not completing their studies, colleges and universities should reconfigure on-campus jobs as opportunities for both employment and academic success.
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Bellmore, Aimée Ryan. "Gender, Culture, and Prison Classification: Testing the Reliability and Validity of a Prison Classification System." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/423.
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Research consistently shows actuarial classification instruments have equal or higher predictive validity than clinical judgment and can lead to more ethical and fair treatment of incarcerated men and women (Austin, 1983, 1986; Bonta, 2002; Clements, 1981; Holsigner, Lowenkamp, & Latessa, 2006; Meehl, 1954; Salisbury, Van Voorhis, & Spiropoulos, 2009). Best correctional practice recommends all objective classification systems are tested for reliability and validity to ensure they are effective for the population they intend to serve (Austin, 1986; Holsinger et al., 2006; Salisbury et al., 2009). This study examined the reliability and validity of the classification and assessment instruments currently used by Golden Grove Adult Correctional Facility (Golden Grove), located on St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands (USVI). Golden Grove is a mixed-gender, mixed-security status prison managed by the USVI territorial government, and is subject to United States Federal laws and mandates. Data from archival files were used to assess the internal reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity of the classification and assessment instruments used with incarcerated men and women at Golden Grove (N = 200). Primary objectives of this study were separated into four main categories: 1) examine the construct validity of Golden Grove's custody assessment tools; 2) investigate the predictive validity of Golden Grove's custody assessment tools across gender; 3) determine reliability and assess to what extent the primary classification officer's decisions have higher predictive validity than the actuarial tool; and 4) investigate the relationship between items on the needs assessment form and level of custody (minimum, medium, or maximum). Results were mixed but generally indicated weak reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity. Contrary to most research on gender and classification, a significant correlation between the initial custody score for incarcerated females and disciplinary reports (r = .26, n = 56, p < .05) indicated the initial custody tool predicted misconduct for maximum custody females better than for males. The mean number of disciplinary reports for maximum women (M = 1.12) was significantly higher compared to maximum men (M = .46). The classification officer overrode the instrument at a high rate for both the initial assessment instrument (44%) and the reassessment instrument (36.4%) rendering the objective assessment overly subjective. Overall, findings show the classification system at Golden Grove is not functioning as intended and improvements are recommended.
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Tekin, Ilknur Mary Joy Nirmala. "Green Index: Integration of Environmental Performance, Green Innovativeness and Financial Performance." PDXScholar, 2014. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1815.
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The integration of sustainability performance of companies is becoming increasingly important. The recent global requirements (i.e. the Kyoto Protocol) for significant reduction of the negative impact of companies on the environment over the next 6 years have been putting pressure on the companies, requiring them to lower the negative environmental impact of market performance. This requirement challenges the profitable growth of the companies' business functions, given the change needed for business operations to improve on their environmental impact.
In this dissertation a new corporate sustainability performance index, called: The Green Index, for measuring and assessing the integrated sustainability performance of companies is developed. The Green Index integrates Environmental Performance, Green Innovativeness and Financial Performance, by quantifying the expert opinions toward their integration. Development of the Green Index is a holistic approach in defining and measuring "green" performance for companies, integrated into their market performance. Green Index, for the first time in the literature, introduces Green Innovativeness in defining and measuring Green Performance of companies, in integration with Environmental and Financial Performance.
In the literature and business practices, there are various sustainability indices used, and methodological approaches in measuring corporate sustainability performance with more than hundred performance indicators. The Green Index, uniquely refers to the collective expert opinion of management researchers, executive managers of corporations, high-tech companies' R&D managers, financial managers, corporate social responsibility managers, in defining a shorter list of 29 performance measures under the three core performance dimensions. Hierarchical Decision Modeling is used for the development of Green Index based on experts' collective decisions. At the next level, desirability levels for each one of the 29 performance measures are scaled by a group of angel investors and investors. And their collective desirability quantifications are used toward the application of the Green Index to quantify the Green Index value for a set of scenario analyses for alternative company performance states.
Green Index fills a major gap in the scholarly literature and business practices. It meets the needs prioritized in the near future strategy of World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD) towards development of new performance metrics and business models for industries that are financially successful while innovating with green products as they are reducing their negative environmental impact (WBCSD Annual Report 2010, 2011).
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Naidoo, Loganathan. "An evaluation of the use of testamentary and Inter vivos trusts as estate-planning vehicles and the development of holistic estate-planning models involving the use of these trusts." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008100.
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Trusts are subject to multiple fOl1lls of legislative regulation dealing with taxation and governance. Trusts were widely used by planners as taxavoidance shelters. Tax legislation was amended to subject trusts, other than special trusts as defined, to the highest income tax rate of forty percent, in tel1llS of section 5(2) of the Income Tax Act, 58 of 1962. The inter vivos trust is also subject to a wide range of anti-avoidance measures, including those contained in sub-sections (3) to (8) of section 7 of the Income Tax Act and Part X of the Eighth Schedule to the Act, as well as the general anti -avoidance measures in section 103. These measures impact negatively on the use of trusts for estate-planning purposes. The research objective was to evaluate the use of testamentary and inter vivos trusts for estate-planning purposes and to develop a holistic estate-planniD.g model incorporating these planning instruments. Both the testamentary trust and the inter vivos trust were evaluated against broad principles of effective estate planning and the taxes and duties applicable to them. The research also reviewed the writings of financial planners on various techniques and models used for estate planning, as wells as case studies documented in the literature. The research developed and evaluated holistic estate-planning models incorporating testamentary trusts and inter vivos trusts, respectively. By neutralizing the effects of various taxes and duties, it was demonstrated that it is possible to develop an estate plan that satisfies most of the requirements of effective estate planning.
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Acharya, Manju Prava, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Constructing cultural diversity: a study of framing clients and culture in a community health centre." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1996, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/29.
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Introduction
The clinical community in Western society has long practised medicine as organized by "two dominant principles: 1) the principle of essentialism which states that there is a fixed "natural" border between disease and health, and 2) the principle of specific treatment which states that having revealed a disease, the doctor can, at least in principle, find the one, correct treatment. These principles have served as the
legitimization of the traditional, hierarchical organization of health-care" (Jensen, 1987:19). A main feature of medical practices based on these principles has been to address specific kinds of problems impeding or decaying health. This research is centrally concerned with essentialism and the institutional fixation of problems as two important nodal points of Canada's biomedical value and belief system. More specifically, I hope to show in an organized way how these principles shape staff knowledge of client and culture in a community health centre (CHC) in Lethbridge, Alberta. My analysis is based on four guiding points: 1) that in our polyethnic society health care institutions are massively challenged with actual and perceived
cultural diversity and cross cultural barriers to which their staff feel increasingly obliged to respond with their services; 2) while the client cultural diversity is "real", institutional responses depend primarily on how that diversity is imagined by staff -often as a threat to a health institution's sociocultural world; 3) that problem-specific, medicalized thinking is central in this community health centre, even though its mandate is health promotion and this problem orientation often combines with medical essentialism to reduce
"culturally different" to a set of client labels, some of which are problematic; and 4) while a "lifestyle model" and other models for health promotion are at present widely advocated and are to be found centrally in this institution's (CHC) charter, they have led to little institutional accomodation to cultural diversity.
In this thesis my aim is to present an ethnographic portrait of a community health centre, where emphasis is given to the distinctive formal and informal "formative processess" (Good 1994) of social construction of certain perceived common core challenges facing the Canadian biomedical community today - challenges concerning cultural difference and its incorporation into health care perception and practice. I am particularly interested in institutions subscribing to a "health promotion model" of health care, a term I have borrowed from Ewles and Simnett (1992). Ewles and Simnett descrive the meaning of "health promotion" as earlier defined by WHO (World Health Organization): this perspective is derived from a conception of "health" as the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the on hand, to realise aspirations and satisfy needs; and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment. Health is, therefore seen as a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept emphasising social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities (Ewles & Simnett, 1992:20) Health is therefore concerned with "a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity" (Ewles and Simnett, 1992:6), I am interested in determing how threats to this defintion prevail in a community health centre's ideology of preventive care, and how that ideology encodes dimensions of diversity. I, however, want to go much further than this by exploring everyday staff discourse and practice, to understand how client cultural diversity is formed and informed by what staff do and say. How, in short,
do individuals based in a health promotion organization socially construct their clients as objects of institutional concern? We need, as Young (1982) suggest, "to examine the social condition of knowledge production" in an institutionalized health care service provision subculture. There are, I believe, also practical reasons for conducting this research. Over the past ten years the Canadian health care system increasingly has had to focus on two potentially contradictory goals: reducing costs, and lessening persistent inequalities in health status among key groups and categories of persons in the Canadian population. Many now argue that one of the most central dimensions of the latter - of perisistent health inequalities in Canada - is ethnocultural. Few would seriously argue, for example, that Canadian First Nation health statistics are anything but appalling. Moreover, radical changes in immigration patterns over the past three decades have greatly increased urban Canadian cultural diversity. Caring "at home" now assumes international dimensions (McAdoo, 1993; Butrin, 1992; Buchignani, 1991; Indra, 1991, 1987; Galanti, 1991; Dobson, 1991; Waxler-Morrison, 1990; Quereshi, 1989). A growing voiced desire to provide more pluralistic health care and health care promotion has become persistently heard throughout the clinical community in Canada (Krepps and Kunimoto, 1994; Masi, 1993). Even so, for many health professionals cultural difference evidently remians either irrelevant or a threat to the established order of things. Applied research on health care institutions undertaken to investigate how better to meet these challenges nevrtheless remains very incomplete and highly concentrated in two broad areas. One of these is structural factors within the institution that limit cross-cultural access (Herzfeld, 1992; Hanson, 1980). Some of these studies have shown the prevalence of a strictly conservative institutional culture that frequently makes frontline agency workers gate-keeprs, who actively (if unconsciously) maintain client-institution stratification (Ervin, 1993; Demain, 1989; Ng, 1987; Murphy, 1987; Foster-Carter, 1987; de Voe 1981). In addition, extensive research has been conducted on disempowered minority groups. This research has examined the frequency, effectiveness and manner with which ethnic and Native groups make use of medical services. Some institutional research on cross-cultral issues shows that under appropriate conditions health professional like nurses have responded effectively to client needs by establishing culturally sensitive hiring and training policies and by restructuring their health care organizations (Terman, 1993; Henderson, 1992; Davis, 1992; Henkle, 1990; Burner, 1990). Though promising, this research remains radically insufficient for learning purposes. In particular, little work has been done on how such institutions come to "think" (Douglas, 1986) about cultural difference, form mandates in response to pressure to better address culturally different populations and work them into the institution's extant sub-cultral ideas and practice (Habarad, 1987; Leininger, 1978), or on how helping instiutions categorize key populations such as "Indians" or "Vietnamese" as being culturally different, or assign to each a suite of institutionally meaningful cultural attributes (as what becomes the institution's working sense of what is, say, "Vietnamese culture"). This is so despite the existence of a long and fruitful ethnographic institutional research tradition, grounded initially in theories of status and role (Frankel, 1988; Taylor, 1970; Parson, 1951), symbolic ineractionism (Goffman, 1967, 1963, 1961), ethnomethodology (Garfinkle, 1975), and organizational subcultures (Douglas, 1992, 1986, 1982; Abegglen & Stalk, 1985; Ohnuki-Tierney, 1984; Teski, 1981; Blumers, 1969). More recent work on anthropological social exchange theory (Barth, 1981), on institutional and societal discipline (Herzfeld, 1992; Foucault, 1984, 1977), on the institution-client interface (Shield, 1988; Schwartzman, 1987, Ashworth, 1977, 1976, 1975), and on framing the client (Hazan, 1994; Denzin, 1992; Howard, 1991; Goffman, 1974). I also hope that this study makes a contribution to the study of health care and diversity in southern Alberta. Small city ethnic relations in Canada have been almost systematically ignored by researchers, and similar research has not been conducted in this part of Alberta. Local diversity is significant: three very large Indian reserves are nearby, and the city itself has a diverse ethnic, linguistic and ethno-religious population. Also, significant province wide restructuring of health care delivery was and is ongoing, offering both the pitfalls and potentials of quick institutional change. Perhaps some of the findings can contribute to making the future system more responsive to diversity than the present one.202 p. ; 29 cm.
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Battis, Matthias. "Aleksandr A. Semenov (1863-1958) : colonial power, orientalism and Soviet nation-building." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8c290939-3662-4204-b670-881028aecfae.
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This study explores the life of the prominent Russian Orientalist and colonial administrator Aleksandr Semenov (1873-1958). In the course of his long and versatile career in Central Asia - where he came to in 1901 as a low-ranking member of Turkestan's colonial administration, and where he died in 1958 as the first director of the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of Tajikistan's Academy of Sciences - Semenov participated in the transformation of the region from a Tsarist colony into part of what Francine Hirsch has called an 'Empire of Nations'. His influence on national historiography and notions of national identity was especially marked in the case of the Soviet Union's only Persian-speaking republic, Tajikistan, with which Semenov was connected through his interest and expertise in Persianate Central Asia. This thesis even goes so far as to argue that Semenov's scholarship and his work as an advisor to the Soviet government facilitated the very establishment of Tajikistan, which Paul Bergne has described as a nation initially promoted by Russian Orientalists. Further research in Russian archives is required, however, to better substantiate this claim. Rather than focussing on the (early) Soviet period and on so-called national territorial delimitation of Central Asia, as scholars such as Hirsch and Arne Haugen have done, the present study, in the vein of scholars like Vera Tolz and Vladimir Genis, highlights the ways in which both Bolshevik nationalities policy and Soviet Oriental Studies grew out of the studying and ruling of Central Asia in the late imperial period. It does so through an examination of Semenov's career, scholarship and personal networks, and on the basis of his personal archive in Tajikistan's Academy of Sciences, which has not been researched in any systematic way since the early 1970s, and in which no scholar from outside the former Soviet Union has ever worked.
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Swartz, Alvera Antonette. "n Ondersoek na die opheffing van sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede van tuberkulose pasiënte in Bishop Lavis as nie-mediese intervensie." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51851.
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Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The primary purpose of this study is to determine developmental opportunities for the upliftment of the socio-economic conditions of Tuberculosis patients as a non-medical intervention. The aim of the study rests with patients' opinions and life experiences regarding the control of the illness. Owing to the social and economic connotation attached to TB, it is imperative that the conditions be addressed that have a direct influence on the susceptibility of TB in order to minimize the risk of infection and reinfection. These conditions are, amongst other, housing, feeding status, level of education and substance abuse. Since these conditions depend on sufficient income, the issue of unemployment and its consequences are being discussed. For decades already the relation between TB and socioeconomic circumstances is described, but it are still this very circumstances that stifles the advancement in medical treatment. The opinions and experiences of TB patients are obtained from informal in-depth interviews. It is obvious that TB patients never started to consider solutions for the epidemic themselves. This can be ascribed to the fact that, historically the cure of TB was exclusively the responsibility of the health profession. A great deal of apathy is noticed with regards to problem identification. For this reason the community is not yet ready for the massive developmental task that is still to come. Through a process of social learning and empowerment, a sense of responsibility must be cultivated within the communities. Confidence must be established with regards to their ability to improve the situation with the aid of other role players for example government, the private sector and health services. Recommendations for development are based on the level, the imagination and current abilities of the patients. The distribution of information about the disease, the creation of job opportunities, the encouragement of parents to participate in the education of their children and health education by trained members of the community are some of the most important recommendations of this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die primêre doel van die studie is die ondersoek na ontwikkelingsgeleenthede vir die opheffing van die sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede van Tuberkulose pasiënte as 'n nie-mediese tussentrede. Die fokus van die studie berus op die pasiënt se menings en lewenservaring aangaande die bekamping van die siekte. Vanweë die sosiale en ekonomiese konnotasie aan TB is dit van belang dat die toestande wat direk 'n invloed het op die vatbaarheid vir TB, aangespreek word om sodoende die risiko van infeksie en herinfeksie te verminder. Hierdie toestande is onder andere behuising, voedingsstatus, opvoedingspeil en substansmisbruik. Omdat genoemde toestande afhang van gereelde en genoegsame inkomste word werkloosheid en die gevolge daarvan behandel. Reeds vir dekades is die verband tussen TB en sosioekonomiese omstandighede beskryf, maar steeds is dit juis dié omstandighede wat die vooruitgang in die mediese behandeling in die wiele ry. Die menings en ervarings van TB pasiënte is verkry uit informele indiepte onderhoude. Dit is duidelik dat TB pasiënte nog nie self aan oplossings vir die epidemie begin dink het nie. Dit kan toegeskryf word aan die feit dat die genesing van TB histories die uitsluitlike verantwoordelikheid van gesondheidspersoneel was. Daar word ook 'n groot mate van apatie gemerk ten opsigte van probleemidentifiseringen is die gemeenskappe dus nog nie gereed vir die massiewe ontwikkelingstaak wat voorlê nie. Deur 'n proses van sosiale leer en bemagtiging moet 'n verantwoordelikheidsin by gemeenskappe gekweek word. Selfvertroue moet gebou word ten opsigte van hulle vermoë om die situasie te verbeter met die hulp van ander rolspelers soos die regering, die privaatsektor en gesondheidsdienste. Aanbevelings vir ontwikkeling is gebaseer op die vlak, denke en huidige vermoëns van die pasiënte.Van die belangrikste aanbevelings sal wees die uitbreiding van kennis aangaande die siekte, die skepping van werksgeleenthede, die aanmoediging van ouerbetrokkenheid by hulle kinders se opvoeding en voedingsvoorligting deur opgeleide gemeenskapslede.
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Sobolevski, Vojciech, and Gözde Meydan. "Effects of community’s monetary engagement on the quality of the final product : The game development on Kickstarter." Thesis, Jönköping University, IHH, Informatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54214.
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Gustafsson, Mariana S. "Reassembling Local E-Government : A study of actors’ translations of digitalisation in public administration." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138859.
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The digitalisation of society decidedly affects public administration. Swedish public administration has long worked with information technologies for an effective and improved management of public services. But new and increased use of information technologies in society poses new challenges. New demands on information security are increasing, while accessibility and transparency are important priorities in policies on digitalisation in public services. However, the central government’s ambitions and expectations with regard to digitalisation face a slow and hesitant implementation in local governments. There are important differences between municipalities in priorities, local needs, and implementation mechanisms in connection with e-government. In this thesis, I argue there is a need to reconsider the role of governance mechanisms in e-government. There is a need to understand local translations of national policies and technological developments in relation to the goals of more effective and legitimate public administration. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse tensions that emerge in the implementation of egovernment in local public administration. On the basis of a constructivist and interpretivist approach, I have undertaken two empirical studies. One focuses on municipal administration of education in Linköping. The other focuses on a governance network on digitalisation policy in Östergötland. The studies are presented in four papers. The issues addressed in the papers are further analysed with a focus on four fields of tension, using network governance theory and translation theory. This shows that the implementation of e-government in local public administration is a tension-laden process. The four fields of tension relate to: different logics and dilemmas for adoption and implementation; concerns and ambiguities in a context of unclear organisational and institutional arrangements; concerns and resistance from professional users; and a reassessment of the meaning of security as a reference for the interpretation of information security. I contend that established managerial and evolutionary models of e-government leave important process-related aspects out of the analysis of change in public administration. The contribution of this thesis lies in its description and analysis of the four identified fields of tension. One significant implication of my analysis is that reassembling current governance mechanisms in local public administration is crucial.Samhällets digitalisering påverkar tydligt den offentliga förvaltningen. Svensk förvaltning har länge arbetat med datorer för effektivisering och förbättrad administration. Men idag ställs nya krav då digitala verktyg för informationshantering och kommunikation används allt mer i samhället och på nya sätt. Kraven på säker informationshantering ökar, samtidigt som tillgänglighet och transparens är viktiga ledord i policyer kring digitaliserad förvaltning. I Sverige är det tydligt att regeringens ambitioner med digitaliseringen av förvaltning inte går i linje med vad som sker och implementeras i kommunerna. Skillnaderna ligger i hur e-förvaltning prioriteras, förankras i lokala behov och implementeras. Därför krävs både förbättrad styrning och tydligare möjligheter att lokalt översätta nationella policyer och internationell teknikutveckling för en effektivare och mer legitim digital förvaltning. Syftet med avhandlingen är att analysera implementering av digitalisering i kommunala förvaltningar utifrån nätverksstyrning (governance) och översätts av olika aktörsgrupper.Studiens konstruktivistiska och tolkande ansats baseras på två empiriska studier. Den första handlar om kommunal utbildningsadministration och den andra om den regionala digitala agendan i Östergötland. Studierna presenteras i fyra artiklar. De övergripande slutsatserna pekar på spänningar som uppstår när digitaliseringen blir en del av den kommunala förvaltningspraktiken. Spänningarna har identifierats i relation till medarbetarnas varierande kompetenser, informationssäkerhet samt kommunernas olika resurser och kompetenser vilka betingas av dess storlek och förutsättnignar. Bidraget visar att etablerade managementmodell och evolutionära perspektiv är otillräckliga för att tolka och förklara hur digitaliseringen förändrar kommunal förvaltning. Istället framhålls betydelsen av att skapa förståelsen för hur digtalisering översätts i olika sammanhang. Analyserna pekar på behovet av att öppna för nya sätt att styra och organisera digital offentlig förvaltning.
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Noordijk, Peter Andrew. "Building Bridges with Social Capital in the European Union." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1091.
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A culture of accommodation and tolerance is a necessary part of establishing and preserving a functional multi-national and multi-ethnic European Union. Civil society organizations and their associated social capital have been shown to foster civic capacity and achievement of public policy goals. However, social capital that is based on group identity can also contribute to a sense of intolerance towards out-groups, undermining the stated tolerance objectives of the social pillar of the European Union. States with a strong presence alongside civil society are expected to be curb the development of the exclusionary bonding form of social capital in favor of bridging social capital which will improve progress toward policy goals.
This study tests the link between government capacity, social capital and tolerance using data from the 1990-2009 waves of the World Values Survey and European Values Study. Using path analysis and multi-level models of the relationships between political capacity, social capital and intolerance, the model establishes that government capacity enhances bridging social capital and which increases social tolerance. The study fills a gap in understanding how government capacity and policy can result in improved social capital even with greater diversity. A proposed relationship between political capacity and bonding forms of social capital was not supported.
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Eriksson, Isak. "Towards Integrating Crowdsourced and Official Traffic Data : A study on the integration of data from Waze in traffic management in Stockholm, Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-389349.
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Modern traffic management systems often rely on static technologies, such as sensors and CCTV-cameras, in the gathering of data regarding the current traffic situation. Recent reports have shown that this method can result in a lack of coverage in Stockholm, Sweden. In addressing this issue, an alternative strategy to installing more sensors and CCTV-cameras could be to utilize crowdsourced traffic data from other sources, such as Waze. In order to examine the usage and potential utility of crowdsourced data in traffic management, the Swedish Transport Administration’s center in Stockholm, Trafik Stockholm, developed a web application which visualizes traffic data from both official sources and Waze. While the application was successful in doing so, it revealed the problem of integrating the traffic data from these two sources, as a significant portion of the data was redundant, and the reliability occasionally was questionable. This study aims at determining how issues regarding redundancy and reliability can be resolved in the integration of crowdsourced and official traffic data. Conducted using a design science research strategy, the study investigates these issues by designing and developing an artifact that implements integration methods to match alerts from the data sources based on temporal and spatial proximity constraints. The artifact was evaluated through test sessions in which real-time traffic data from all over Sweden was processed, and through acceptance testing with the stakeholders of the application. Analysis of the results from the evaluations shows that the artifact is effective in reducing the redundancy in the crowdsourced data and that it can provide a more solid ground for reliability assessment. Furthermore, the artifact met its expectations and requirements, demonstrating a proof-of-concept and a proof-of-acceptance. Based on these results, the study concludes that by analyzing temporal and spatial factors in crowdsourced data, redundancy issues in the integration of crowdsourced and official traffic can be resolved to a large extent. Furthermore, it is concluded that reliability issues in the same context can be resolved to a high degree by managing redundancy factors in combination with general traffic management factors. While the study is focused on traffic management, the issues of redundancy and reliability are not restricted to crowdsourced data in this context specifically. Thus, the results of the study are potentially of interest to researchers investigating other areas of application for crowdsourcing as well.
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Davis, Mildred Ann. "Understanding Sexual Assault Survivors' Willingness to Participate in the Judicial System." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2094.
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This dissertation examined the relationship between support services for adult survivors of sexual assault and judicial outcomes. Specifically, this study explored survivors' willingness to participate in the judicial process. Although "victim unwilling to participate" is the primary reason given by the police for cases not progressing to prosecution, we know little about most aspects of survivors' willingness to participate in the judicial process, especially beyond initial reporting of the assault. The steps to prosecution are dependent on one another yet a survivor's willingness to participate in these steps is a fluid process. The primary research question explored was Are there clusters of survivors according to their responses to specific items on a Willingness to Participate scale? Additional research questions focused on differences among possible clusters of survivors. A semi-structured interview protocol was completed with 46 survivors of adult sexual assault. Cluster analysis was conducted and three clusters emerged. Findings suggest that support services were helpful to those who were highly willing to participate but that willingness was insufficient to influence judicial outcomes. Future research concerning judicial outcomes in sexual assault cases should focus on strategies to dispel myths about rape among survivors, within the judicial system, and with potential jurors as a means of improving both survivor participation and judicial outcomes.
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Goss, Emilie Alice, Julie Diane Orr, and Barbara Anne Osburn. "IMPACTT: Involving more parents and community members together with teachers in support of education." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1369.
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Involving parents and community in education is vital to the success of academic excellence. It is essential that adults be involved in the education and socialization of their children for the next generation.
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Allison, Chelsea B. "Teaching Outside the Box: Student and Teacher Perceptions of Flexible Learning Environments Outside the 21st Century Classroom." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157599/.
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The purpose of this study was to ascertain student and teacher perceptions of the environment in which student learning takes place and their perceptions of how it has helped them in the cognitive and social domains. Data collected were through student and teacher perception surveys, student and teacher perception questionnaires, classroom observations, student focus group discussions, and teacher interviews. Themes that emerged from the data sources were student interactions, students' autonomy in personalizing their learning space, teacher perceptions of comfort in the classroom, and student perceptions of comfort in the classroom. The findings of this study point to four recommendations for educational leaders to ensure the effective implementation of new and dynamic learning spaces: (1) consult and support teacher and students, (2) provide professional development, (3) visit campuses and other learning spaces, and (4) add color. In order for real change to take place, teachers need to enquire about and embrace student preferences and allow for the discomfort that will be present when trying something new. Teachers must be willing to relinquish control of the learning experience for the student in order to allow for possibilities in personalized learning on the part of the student. They must risk initial failure in order to allow for greater successes in the long run.
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Adams, Terry Rachael. "Overcoming Barriers to Teaching Action-Based Environmental Education: A Multiple Case Study of Teachers in the Public School Classroom." TopSCHOLAR®, 2013. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1230.
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As the human population increases, it becomes increasingly more important for society to understand the impact of humans on the environment. Preserving fixed resources by engaging in sustainable practices is necessary to ensure those resources are available for future generations. Since the early 1960s, policy makers and educators alike have sought to ensure that students graduate environmentally literate. Previous research has identified a multitude of barriers that limit classroom teacher’s ability to integrate environmental education into their curriculum. The purpose of this study was to investigate how teachers overcome those barriers that restrict the integration of action based environmental education into the public school classroom. This was a three case study of public high school teachers. Data were gathered for this qualitative study through observations, interviews, and the collection of documents. Constant comparative method was utilized to analyze data. The researcher conducted a within-case analysis for each case and a cross-case analysis as well. Through the use of coding, the researcher identified patterns and themes across cases. Barriers identified by participants included resources, time, and risk. The primary factors uncovered by this study, which potentially affect teacher efficacy, are personal and educational background, the availability of mentors, and support of outside agencies. The implications for policy makers and institutions of higher education that can be drawn from this study are that, through the course of teacher undergraduate and graduate education, teachers should be provided with field experiences in the area of environmental education. In addition to providing field experiences, finding ways to link teachers to outside environmentally focused agencies and mentors increases teacher efficacy by providing support and resources.
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Ohlström, Sebastian, and Oscar Stenberg. "RPA i offentlig sektor : Översättning av institutionella logiker och lokala idéer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388391.
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Rapid technological development and change in modern society is unprecedented in history.Digitalization and automation of business processes is widely seen as a way of streamliningorganisations and changing institutional settings in them. The impact on individuals andorganisations raison d’etre increases as they face stronger institutional pressure from differentstakeholders. As with every thought that comes to mind, the process of translation tries to remedythe gap in individuals and organisations different outlooks. Grounded in theory of institutionallogics and translation, the authors of this paper set out to approach this institutional complexity byinvestigating it through a lens of these theories. We find that the market and corporate logic areinfluencing all of the organisations, but which of the logics that is most likely to be constituteddepends to a high degree on the local translation process. The translation that is produced dependson the institutional environment that is predominant in the organization. For the organization to besuccessful in rapid technological development and change, a thorough understanding of theincremental institutional complexity is paramount.Snabb teknisk utveckling och förändring i det moderna samhället är oöverträffad i historien.Digitalisering och automatisering av affärsprocesser ses allmänt som ett sätt att effektiviseraorganisationer och ändra den institutionella sammansättningen i dem. Påverkan på individer ochorganisationers existensberättigande ökar när de står inför starkare institutionellt tryck från olikaintressenter. Översättningsprocessen försöker här avhjälpa klyftan i individers och organisationersolika perspektiv som uppstår när nya idéer får fäste. Grundade i teorin om institutionella logikeroch översättning, försöker författarna till denna uppsats att närma sig denna institutionellakomplexitet genom att använda en lins av dessa teorier. Vi finner att marknads- och företagslogikenpåverkar alla organisationer, men vilken logik som sannolikt kommer att få fäste beror i hög gradpå den lokala översättningsprocessen. Översättningen som produceras beror på den institutionellamiljön som dominerar organisationen. För att organisationen ska lyckas med en snabb tekniskutveckling och förändring, är en grundlig förståelse för den inkrementella institutionellakomplexiteten är avgörande.
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Boyles, Julie. "Women's Actions and Reactions to Male Migration: A Case Study of Women in San Juan Guelavía, Oaxaca, Mexico." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/659.
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Using a mixed methods, interdisciplinary case study approach, this research project explores the benefits, risks, and challenges of male migration for women who reside in San Juan Guelavía, Oaxaca, Mexico. In a unique approach in the field of migration studies, this project considers not only women whose husbands have migrated--absent husbands--but also the impact of male migration on women whose husbands have returned as well as women whose husbands have never left--anchored husbands. Women with returned husbands and even women with anchored husbands feel the threat, worry, and fear that male migration could, at an unknown point in the future, fragment their family. This case study approach looks at how women's work responses are differentiated by husbands' migration status, by age, and by husband's control over women's activities. Women with absent husbands tend be income-producing women as well as women ages 35 to 50 far more than women 35 and under and 50 and over. With motherhood as a cultured priority of rural Mexican women, women's income-producing opportunities are primarily limited to options within the home or in venues that can accommodate their children until the children enter school. Although this case study showed little or no connection between male migration and educational attainment, substantial policy-worthy findings suggest that the lack of value that residents of San Juan Guelavía place on the local public high school curriculum negatively impacts educational attainment of children beyond middle school. Women's traditional and cultural emphasis of marriage for their daughters as well as their reluctance to expose daughters to the negative influences of the city sway the decisions that women make for their daughters.
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Ekelund, Lukk Jonas, and Elin Söderberg. ""Är kameran på?" : En kvalitativ studie kring ledares upplevelser av ett påtvingat e-ledarskap." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-103942.
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2019 upptäcktes en ny form av Coronavirus av de kinesiska myndigheterna som snabbt spreds iflera länder innan det tillslut spreds globalt. Folkhälsomyndigheten gick ut medrekommendationer att arbeta hemifrån för att minska smittspridningen i samhället, vilket bidrogtill att många ledare behövde anpassa sig och förmedla ett e-ledarskap på distans. Det blev endrastisk förändring för många organisationer och ledare då de tvingades in i denna omställning.Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ studie genom att intervjua nio olika ledare på olika organisationerför att undersöka hur det påtvingade e-ledarskapet har upplevts för dem under den rådandesituationen. Vi har utgått från tidigare litteratur gällande e-ledarskap, distansledarskap samt treaspekter som varit tydligt framträdande i denna litteratur: kommunikation, sociala aspekter ochteknologiska färdigheter. Det visade sig att ledarnas upplevelser gällande det påtvingadee-ledarskapet inte skiljer sig avsevärt gentemot deras tidigare ledarskap och att om de lyckashantera eventuella nackdelar så finns det många fördelar för de att ta med sig för framtidenIn 2019, a new form of Coronavirus was discovered by the Chinese authorities, which spreadrapidly in several countries before it eventually spread globally. The Swedish Public HealthAgency issued recommendations to work from home to prevent the spread of infection insociety, which contributed to the fact that many leaders needed to adapt and mediatee-leadership at a distance. It became a drastic change for many organizations and they wereforced into this transition. We have conducted a qualitative study by interviewing nine differentleaders in different organizations to examine how the forced e-leadership has been experiencedfor them during the current situation. We emanated from previous literature regardinge-leadership, distance leadership and three aspects that have been clearly prominent in thisliterature: communication, social aspects and technological skills. It turned out that the leaders'experiences regarding the forced e-leadership do not differ significantly from their previousleadership and that if they manage to deal with any potential disadvantages, there are manyadvantages for them to bring into the future.
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Chahine, Sandy, and Homam Zraki. "Distansarbetets effekt på motivation : En studie om hur Karolinska Institutets anställda upplever att motivationen påverkats under Covid-19 pandemin. En arbetsplats som tillämpat distansarbete." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-453108.
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Idag har Sverige en högre digitaliseringsgrad än många andra länder. Till följd av Covid-19 pandemin har många organisationer ställt om sitt arbete från verksamhetslokaler till distansarbete med hjälp av digitala verktyg. Denna omställning är en ny företeelse för många individer som har behövt anpassa sig till nya arbetsförhållanden. Därför är det av intresse att studera hur en svensk organisation, Karolinska Institutet, har genomgått en omställning till distansarbete. Omställningen har orsakat en rad olika utmaningar och har till följd av detta påverkat motivationen hos anställda. I avsikt att förstå hur motivationen har påverkats samt vilka åtgärder som vidtagits för att upprätthålla motivationen blir studiens syfte således att undersöka hur omställningen, med hjälp av digitala verktyg, upplevts påverkat motivationen hos administrativ personal på Karolinska Institutet. Frågeställningarna som studien ämnar besvara lyder: “Hur har KI:s administrativt anställda upplevt att motivationen påverkats under distansarbete”, samt “Hur arbetar administrativa chefer med åtgärder för att upprätthålla motivationen hos medarbetare?”. För att besvara dessa forskningsfrågor har en kvalitativ forskningsansats tillämpats där nio intervjuer har genomförts på två institutioner inom KI. Den samlade intervjudatan har i huvudsak analyserats med hjälp av de riktlinjer som faller inom teoretiska ramverket för meningsskapande. Resultatet visar på att det är svårt att svara på hur motivationen upplevts ha påverkats eftersom motivation ärindividuellt och motivationsfaktorerna skiljer sig åt från en person till en annan. Vidare visar resultatet att de utmaningar som främst framkommit var sociala, fysiologiska samt kommunikativa utmaningar. De administrativa cheferna har vidtagit åtgärder såsom teknisk utrustning till samtliga medarbetare, aktivt involverat medarbetare i digitala event samt haft kontinuerliga avstämningar med respektive medarbetare. Dessa åtgärder har fått positiv återkoppling samt konstruktiv kritik för att skapa mening för samtliga individer.Today, Sweden has a higher digitization degree than many other countries. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, many organizations have shifted their work from offices to teleworking by using digital tools. This adjustment is a new phenomenon for many individuals who have had to adapt to new working conditions. Therefore, it is of interest to study how a Swedish organization, Karolinska Institutet in this case, has undergone a transition to teleworking. The change has caused several challenges that have affected the motivation of employees. To understand how the employees' experience regarding their motivation has been affected and what actions have been taken to maintain the motivation, the purpose of the study is to investigate how that adaptation, with the help of digital tools, affected the motivation of administrative staff at Karolinska Institutet. The questions that the study intends to answer are: "How have KI's administrative employees experienced that motivation was affected during teleworking, and how do administrative managers take actions to maintain the motivation of employees?". To answer these research questions, a qualitative research approach has been applied where nine interviews have been conducted at two departments within KI. The interview data has mainly been analyzed with the help of the guidelines that fall within the theoretical framework of sensemaking. The results show that it is difficult to answer how motivation is experienced because motivation is individual and the motivational factors differ from one person to another. Furthermore, the results show that the challenges that emerged were social, physiological and communicative challenges. The administrative managers have taken measures such as technical equipment for all employees, actively involving employees in digital events, and continuous individual meetings with employees. These measures have received positive feedback and constructive criticism to make sense for all individuals.
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Guerlet, Grégory. "La gestion des ports par une entite publique : aspects européens et environnementaux." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983306.
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Autrefois abris pour les navires en perdition, les ports sont devenus de véritables places portuaires comprenant des zones industrialo-portuaires. Portes ouvertes sur le monde, les ports sont au centre des échanges commerciaux des Etats et constituent un atout non négligeable dans le commerce extérieur de ceux-ci. Les différentes lois et réformes portuaires ont amené le législateur français et les acteurs portuaires à recentrer les missions de chacun au sein de la place portuaire afin que nos ports réussissent le défi de la concurrence imposée par nos voisins du Bénélux notamment, et répondent également aux contraintes environnementales que l'Europe imposent aux ports. En france, les ports ont toujours étaient considérés comme des services publics avec une dualité qui se traduisait par un service administratif pour les missions régaliennes et un service industriel et commercial pour les missions plus commerciales telles que l'outillage. La vision française du service public portuaire apparaît dès lors dépassée et la France doit s'adapter à une harmonisation de la gestion de ses ports aux normes européennes. La réforme de 2008 a transféré l'outillage à des entreprises privées, permettant aux ports de se réorganiser autour de l'aménagement et la gestion. Il convient de considérer le port comme au centre de la chaîne des transports commerciaux et une gestion intégrée de ces derniers apparaît nécessaire, impliquant un développement de nos ports côté terre, avec des dessertes terrestres, fluviales et ferroviaires qui seront une réponse à la concurrence. La multimodalité des ports est un axe de travail que la France doit mettre en place et est en cours de construction, avec une prise en compte de l'environnement au coeur de chaque projet. La France dispose d'une grande façade littorale jusqu'ici peu ou mal exploitée. La politique portuaire commence à devenir une des priorités des dirigeants nationaux et permettra à la France de (re)trouver sa vocation maritime jusqu'ici trop longtemps ignorée.
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Vernersson, Josef, and Al-Kilani Samer Zaid. "Education Management During COVID-19 : A Single Case Study of Swedish Higher Education Institute Jönköping University." Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53090.
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Background:COVID-19 is the most discussed topic since the beginning of the year. Moreover, today's society faces various problems caused by the COVID-19 crisis requiring new knowledge and strategies since various social institutions are affected in different ways, and the education system is included between these institutions. In fact, higher education institutions witnessed a huge transition from traditional classroom-based teaching to a virtual approach and online education. While higher education may have transformed and moved to online due to COVID-19, it is unknown whether the transition resulted in a changeddirectionfor education management. Purpose:This study aims to take a deeper look into how students and teachers are affected by COVID-19 for a higher education institution in Sweden by seeking through how online platforms are used and how it is affecting the users of education. Moreover, the study aims to know what changed in management practices and grading strategies fora sustainable university education quality during pandemics and emergencies. Method:Fulfilling the purpose, qualitative research design gathering empirical data by conducting semi-structured interviews with both students and teachers and taking a single case study approach for Swedish higher education Institute (Jönköping University) using the benefit of various perspectives from different schools that Jönköping University has. Also, higher education in Sweden combines the perspective from both students and teachers as it is on the concept 'freedom with responsibility' with students mainly pursuing their studies on their own or in groups and not focusing on the teacher perspective only. Another unique asset for Sweden higher education is the possibility to access all data collected about schools and students, such as grades which are classified as secondary data. Conclusion:The results show that thetransition affected the education managementsince it impactedthe organizing and communicating. Thenresults showed some factors,such as an earlier experienceplayed a role inadapting education management changessincea new concept of teaching developed withinthis transition with adapted teaching strategies,and students responded to that byimproved learning plans. Anothermain finding ineducation management aspects is the grading strategieswhereit was found that the criteria did not change,but exams got modified,leading to changesin thegradepatternsthat can be described as unnormal. All of that was concluded in a frameworkaccording toour findings and research work.