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1
Delaney, Alyne E., H. Anne McLay, and Wim L. T. van Densen. "Influences of discourse on decision-making in EU fisheries management: the case of North Sea cod (Gadus morhua)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 4 (March 8, 2007): 804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm015.
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Abstract Delaney, A. E., McLay, H. A., and van Densen, W. L. T. 2007. Influences of discourse on decision-making in EU fisheries management: the case of North Sea cod (Gadus morhua). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 804–810. Does public debate have an influence on decision-making in European fisheries management? Our premise is that for fisheries management to be viewed as legitimate, stakeholders should be included in the process. Because the first step towards stakeholder participation is letting their voices be heard, we analysed the public debate surrounding the management of North Sea cod, focusing on two aspects: the mixed fisheries problem of total allowable catch management and the causes of cod decline. Using standard social-science methodologies including discourse analysis, participant observation, and qualitative interviews, we suggest that the public debate has not had a direct effect on year-to-year management decisions. Still, it can be argued that the debate has influenced the attitude of those involved in the management system and, therefore, has had an impact on the changes in the management and advisory system that are taking place, although these take place at different levels and speeds than expected.
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Scyphers, Steven B., J. Steven Picou, and Jonathan H. Grabowski. "Chronic social disruption following a systemic fishery failure." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 46 (October 28, 2019): 22912–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913914116.
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In the United States, the iconic groundfish fishery for Gulf of Maine cod has endured several dramatic reductions in annual catch limits and been federally declared an economic disaster. Using a repeated cross-sectional survey of fishing captains to assess potential social impacts of the fishery failure, we found that psychological distress and social disruption were pervasive throughout New England fishing communities. For instance, our results indicate that 62% of captains self-reported severe or moderate psychological distress 1 y after the crisis began, and these patterns have persisted for 5 y. Using classification tree analyses, we found that low levels of trust in fisheries management was the most powerful predictor of both initial and chronic psychological distress. Distress was most severe among individuals without income diversity and those with dependents in the household. Compared to other aspects of fisheries, measuring and managing for noneconomic social outcomes and human well-being has lagged behind, even though it is a necessary component of mitigating the adverse impacts of fisheries disruptions.
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Southward, A. J., and E. K. Roberts. "One hundred years of marine research at Plymouth." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 67, no. 3 (August 1987): 465–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400027259.
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The second half of the nineteenth century was a period of rapid change in the natural sciences in Britain, reflecting changes in social conditions and improvements in education. A growing number of naturalists were becoming socially conscious and aware of the need for a proper study of the sea and its products, following the success of the ‘Challenger’ Expedition of 1872–6. In 1866 the Royal Commission on the Sea Fisheries, which included among its officers Professor T. H. Huxley, one of the new breed of professional scientists, had reported that fears of over-exploitation of the sea-fisheries were unfounded, and had recommended doing away with existing laws regulating fishing grounds and closed seasons. Nevertheless, the rising trade in fresh fish carried to towns by rail or by fast boats (fleeting), and the consequent increase in size and number of registered fishing vessels, was causing widespread concern, and there were reports from all round the coasts about the scarcity of particular fish, especially soles. This concern was expressed at the International Fisheries Exhibition in London in 1883, a conference called to discuss the commercial and scientific aspects of the fishing industry, attended by many active and first-rank scientists. However, in his opening address Professor Huxley discounted reports of scarcity of fish, and repeated the views of the Royal Commission of 1866: that, with existing methods of fishing, it was inconceivable that the great sea fisheries, such as those for cod, herring and mackerel, could ever be exhausted.
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McGuire, Thomas R. "The Last Northern Cod." Journal of Political Ecology 4, no. 1 (December 1, 1997): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v4i1.21345.
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Abstract: Social scientists in Atlantic Canada developed an incisive political economy of the region’s fisheries in the 1970s and 1980s and forged a sharp critique of Canadian fisheries policies. Meanwhile, fisheries scientists generated a series of stock assessments which substantially overestimated cod populations. After the collapse of the stocks in 1992, a number of reflective postmortems have addressed the role of the social and natural sciences in this resource failure. The present paper will attempt to construct a “political ecology” of the crisis from this corpus, one which does not, a priori, privilege industrial capitalism over cod ecology.Key Words: fisheries, cultural ecology, political economy, technology, Atlantic Canada, cod.
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Bavington, Dean. "From Hunting Fish to Managing Populations: Fisheries Science and the Destruction of Newfoundland Cod Fisheries." Science as Culture 19, no. 4 (December 2010): 509–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09505431.2010.519615.
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Howard, F. G., D. W. McKay, and A. W. Newton. "Fisheries of the Forth, Scotland." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 3-4 (1987): 479–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006898.
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SynopsisHistorical aspects of the Firth of Forth fisheries are described, and the present state of the stocks of exploited species is reviewed. The once-substantial pelagic fisheries have declined and now constitute only a minor component of the firth fisheries. Herring fisheries were based on spring spawning herring but the herring now caught in the firth are from stocks of overwintering juveniles of autumn spawning herring. Recent conservation measures have closed many of the firth grounds to herring and sprat fishing. The main demersal species caught are cod, haddock, whiting, plaice and lemon sole. Most landings are from catches made in the middle and outer firths and the North Sea. The demersal pair trawl is now the most important gear used in directed demersal fishing. The most important shellfish fishery is that for the Norway lobster, current landings being valued at £2·4 million. Over-exploitation resulted in a decline in the stocks in the late 1970s. They are now recovering. Recent studies suggest that population characteristics of Norway lobsters are influenced by the physical environment. The firth today is one of the most intensively exploited areas in Scotland for lobster and crabs. Other exploited shellfish include squid, winkles and mussels.
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Barclay, Kate. "The Social in Assessing for Sustainability. Fisheries in Australia." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 3 (November 5, 2012): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v4i3.2655.
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The notion that sustainability rests on three pillars – economic, environmental and social – has been widely accepted since the 1990s. In practice, however, the economic and environmental aspects have tended to dominate the sustainability agenda, and social aspects have been sidelined. Two reasons for this are: 1) there is a lack of data collected about which to build meaningful pictures of social aspects of sustainability for populations over time, and 2) there is a lack of recognition of the role of social factors in sustainability, and a related lack of understanding of how to analyse them in conjunction with economic and environmental factors. This paper surveys the literature about sustainability in fisheries, focussing on Australia, and focussing on the way social aspects have been treated. The paper finds that the problems that have been identified for assessing the social in sustainability in general are certainly manifest in fisheries. Management of Australian fisheries has arguably made great improvements to biological sustainability over the last decade, but much remains to be done to generate similar improvements in social sustainability for fishing communities. This is the case for government-run resource management as well as for initiatives from the private sector and conservation organizations as part of movements for corporate social responsibility and ethical consumerism. A significant challenge for improving sustainability in Australian fisheries, therefore, lies in improving data collection on social factors, and in bridging disciplinary divides to better integrate social with economic and biological assessments of sustainability.
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Veldhuizen, L. J. L., P. B. M. Berentsen, E. A. M. Bokkers, and I. J. M. de Boer. "Social sustainability of cod and haddock fisheries in the northeast Atlantic: what issues are important?" Journal of Cleaner Production 94 (May 2015): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.078.
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Reedy, Katherine, and Herbert Maschner. "Traditional foods, corporate controls: networks of household access to key marine species in southern Bering Sea villages." Polar Record 50, no. 4 (May 27, 2014): 364–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247414000084.
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ABSTRACTSouthern Bering Sea fishermen are vulnerable to losing access to key fisheries due largely to policy changes, permit loss, and the expense of fishing operations. Local residents generally do not have fishing rights in many of the high value commercial fisheries. They must continuously shape policy and explore alternative economies in order to stay fishermen. We were contracted by the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to study the role of subsistence and commercial fisheries, land use, socioeconomics, and sharing networks in Alutiiq and Aleut/Unangan villages. Through an exploration of these data using innovative social network analysis that presents relationships, social stratification, commercialisation, and other dependencies in the maintenance of fisheries, sharing, trading, and revenue streams, this paper shows that in two of the most socioeconomically valuable fisheries, king crab (Paralithodes sp.andLithodes sp) and cod (Gadidae), local peoples have had to gain access to these foods by using means outside of what are academically perceived as their traditional subsistence and commercial allocation, resulting in adaptive networks of distribution. This work shows the range of networks surrounding these key foods and their associated vulnerabilities and resilience. Those sharing networks that demonstrate greater interconnectedness are much more stable and resilient.
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Rindorf, Anna, Catherine M. Dichmont, James Thorson, Anthony Charles, Lotte Worsøe Clausen, Poul Degnbol, Dorleta Garcia, et al. "Inclusion of ecological, economic, social, and institutional considerations when setting targets and limits for multispecies fisheries." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 2 (January 28, 2017): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw226.
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Targets and limits for long-term management are used in fisheries advice to operationalize the way management reflects societal priorities on ecological, economic, social and institutional aspects. This study reflects on the available published literature as well as new research presented at the international ICES/Myfish symposium on targets and limits for long term fisheries management. We examine the inclusion of ecological, economic, social and institutional objectives in fisheries management, with the aim of progressing towards including all four objectives when setting management targets or limits, or both, for multispecies fisheries. The topics covered include ecological, economic, social and governance objectives in fisheries management, consistent approaches to management, uncertainty and variability, and fisheries governance. We end by identifying ten ways to more effectively include multiple objectives in setting targets and limits in ecosystem based fisheries management.
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Birnie, Patricia. "European workshop on the regulation of fisheries: Legal, economic and social aspects." Marine Policy 11, no. 2 (April 1987): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-597x(87)90010-8.
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Stephenson, Robert L., Melanie Wiber, Stacey Paul, Eric Angel, Ashleen Benson, Anthony Charles, Omer Chouinard, et al. "Integrating diverse objectives for sustainable fisheries in Canada." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 3 (March 2019): 480–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0345.
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An interdisciplinary team of academics and representatives of fishing fleets and government collaborated to study the emerging requirements for sustainability in Canada’s fisheries. Fisheries assessment and management has focused on biological productivity with insufficient consideration of social (including cultural), economic, and institutional (governance) aspects. Further, there has been little discussion or formal evaluation of the effectiveness of fisheries management. The team of over 50 people (i) identified a comprehensive set of management objectives for a sustainable fishery system based on Canadian policy statements, (ii) combined objectives into an operational framework with relevant performance indicators for use in management planning, and (iii) undertook case studies that investigated some social, economic, and governance aspects in greater detail. The resulting framework extends the suite of widely accepted ecological aspects (productivity and trophic structure, biodiversity, and habitat–ecosystem integrity) to include comparable economic (viability and prosperity, sustainable livelihoods, distribution of access and benefits, regional–community benefits), social (health and well-being, sustainable communities, ethical fisheries), and institutional (legal obligations, good governance structure, effective decision-making) aspects of sustainability. This work provides a practical framework for implementation of a comprehensive approach to sustainability in Canadian fisheries. The project also demonstrates the value of co-construction of collaborative research and co-production of knowledge that combines and builds on the strengths of academics, industry, and government.
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Bonzon, Alain. "Development of economic and social indicators for the management of Mediterranean fisheries." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 5 (2000): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99088.
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The paper reviews recent attempts to select economic and social indicators for the management of fisheries under the aegis of the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean. It outlines some general conditions for the selection and describes aspects of the reference framework specific to the Mediterranean, in a context of poorly defined management objectives. Some of the difficulties in adopting performance indicators at a sub-regional level, particularly in relation to determining the appropriate scale of fleet segmentation, are discussed. With a view to establishing a database on economic and social indicators for Mediterranean fisheries, the need to standardize statistical approaches is emphasized.
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Fryxell, John M., Ray Hilborn, Carling Bieg, Katrine Turgeon, Amanda Caskenette, and Kevin S. McCann. "Supply and demand drive a critical transition to dysfunctional fisheries." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 46 (October 26, 2017): 12333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705525114.
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There is growing awareness of the need for fishery management policies that are robust to changing environmental, social, and economic pressures. Here we use conventional bioeconomic theory to demonstrate that inherent biological constraints combined with nonlinear supply−demand relationships can generate threshold effects due to harvesting. As a result, increases in overall demand due to human population growth or improvement in real income would be expected to induce critical transitions from high-yield/low-price fisheries to low-yield/high-price fisheries, generating severe strains on social and economic systems as well as compromising resource conservation goals. As a proof of concept, we show that key predictions of the critical transition hypothesis are borne out in oceanic fisheries (cod and pollock) that have experienced substantial increase in fishing pressure over the past 60 y. A hump-shaped relationship between price and historical harvest returns, well demonstrated in these empirical examples, is particularly diagnostic of fishery degradation. Fortunately, the same heuristic can also be used to identify reliable targets for fishery restoration yielding optimal bioeconomic returns while safely conserving resource abundance.
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EGGERT, HÅKAN, and RAZACK B. LOKINA. "Regulatory compliance in Lake Victoria fisheries." Environment and Development Economics 15, no. 2 (November 13, 2009): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x09990106.
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ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the causes for regulatory compliance, using traditional deterrence variables and potential moral and social variables. We use self-reported data from 459 Tanzanian artisanal fishers in Lake Victoria. The results indicate that the decision to be either a non-violator or a violator, as well as the violation rate – if the latter – are influenced by changes in deterrence variables like the probability of detection and punishment and also by legitimacy and social variables. We also identify a small group of fishers who react neither to normative aspects nor to traditional deterrence variables but persistently violate the regulation.
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Stephenson, Robert L., Ashleen J. Benson, Kate Brooks, Anthony Charles, Poul Degnbol, Catherine M. Dichmont, Marloes Kraan, et al. "Practical steps toward integrating economic, social and institutional elements in fisheries policy and management." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 7 (May 2, 2017): 1981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx057.
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Abstract While international agreements and legislation call for incorporation of four pillars of sustainability, the social (including cultural), economic and institutional aspects (the ‘human dimension’) have been relatively neglected to date. Three key impediments have been identified: a relative lack of explicit social, economic and institutional objectives; a general lack of process (frameworks, governance) for routine integration of all four pillars of sustainability; and a bias towards biological considerations. Practical integration requires a ‘systems’ approach with explicit consideration of strategic and operational aspects of management; multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary evaluations; practical objectives for the four pillars of sustainability; appropriate participation; and a governance system that is able to integrate these diverse considerations in management. We challenge all involved in fisheries to immediately take five practical steps toward integrating ecological, economic, social and institutional aspects: (1) Adopt the perspective of the fishery as a ‘system’ with interacting natural, human and management elements; (2) Be aware of both strategic and operational aspects of fisheries assessment and management; (3) Articulate overarching objectives that incorporate all four pillars of sustainability; (4) Encourage appropriate (and diverse) disciplinary participation in all aspects of research, evaluation and management; and (5) Encourage development of (or emulate) participatory governance.
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Ditton, Robert B., and John R. Stoll. "Social and economic perspective on recreational billfish fisheries." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 4 (2003): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf01279.
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At the Second International Billfish Symposium in Kona, it was reported that little was known about the social and economic aspects of recreational billfish fisheries. There was plenty of background, some good questions, but few answers. There had been little history of social science involvement in fisheries management at the time and even less in billfish fisheries. Whether authorized or not, fishery management decisions worldwide are going to be made on the basis of ‘best available’ social and economic understanding. Unfortunately, the values held by many in the billfish angler community are not likelyto be well represented in the mix for various reasons. Research in the USA and in Latin America over the past 13 years hasprovided an understanding of the billfish angler constituency, its commitment to catch and release and support for resource conservation, its local and regional impacts on tourism economies, and its willingness-to-pay above andbeyond trip costs (a measure of user value) in the US Atlantic, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica and Mexico Pacific. Although knowledge of the recreational billfish fishery has improved, comparatively little is known about the social and economic benefits associatedwith commercial (direct and bycatch) billfish fisheries. With little more than dockside prices available in many localities, it is difficult to know their value in comparison with recreational fisheries and the possible trade-offs associated with various management measures. In addition to describing what is still not known, this paper will identify a future research agenda in this area.
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Hargiyatno, Ignatius Tri, Suyud Warno Utomo, Rauf Achmad Sue, and Wudianto. "Tuna Fisheries Sustainable Management: Assessing of Indonesia Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) Fisheries." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 04019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186804019.
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This paper aims to describe the Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) fisheries in Indonesia and its relation to sustainable fisheries management. On tuna fishing, FADs are widely used as a tool to attract fish. FADs uncontrolled development is feared to have an impact on the sustainability of fish resources. We found that most of the fish caught around FADs are still juvenile. Deployment FADs can also interfere with the swimming pattern of tuna resources. This is negatively affecting the sustainability of tuna resources. However, from the social and economic aspects, FADs provide significant benefits for fishing communities. The Government has imposed regulations on FADs but not yet implemented. The objective of SDG's in the management of tuna fisheries associated with FADs can be implemented through the application of RFMO regulations. Findings from this paper can be used for policy recommendations for the management of sustainable FADsfisheries.
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Hammer, Cornelius, Olav Sigurd Kjesbu, Gordon H. Kruse, and Peter A. Shelton. "Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: biology, ecology, social science, and management strategies." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 9 (May 13, 2010): 1825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq039.
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Abstract Hammer, C., Kjesbu, O. S., Kruse, G. H., and Shelton, P. A. 2010. Rebuilding depleted fish stocks: biology, ecology, social science, and management strategies. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1825–1829. This is an introduction to an ICES/PICES symposium entitled as in the title of this manuscript. During the symposium, five theme sessions embraced the subject material under the headings “Impact of fisheries and environmental impacts on stock structure, reproductive potential, and recruitment dynamics”, “Trophic controls on stock recovery”, “Methods for analysing and modelling stock recovery”, “Social and economic aspects of fisheries management and governance”, and “Management and recovery strategies”. A panel discussion provided a valuable overview of current understanding and research focus.
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Dyrvik, Ståle. "Farmers at Sea: A Study of Fishermen in North Norway, 1801-1920." Journal of Family History 18, no. 4 (September 1993): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319909301800404.
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This investigation encompasses three coastal communities in North Norway. They are all associated to varying degrees with the cod fisheries in the Lofoten Islands, and comparisons among them reveal how this fishing created, various types of household organization. However, difficulties arise because it is not the fisherman, but rather the fisherman-farmer that is typical in the region. Concealed in this combination of livelihoods is a life-cycle pattern: youths participated very actively in fishing, adults less so and the elderly hardly at all. The households of the traditional full-time fishermen were small and simple in structure. The households of fishermen-farmers were larger and more complex. The organization of labor in the fisheries cut across household boundaries. Only during the final decade of the period investigated are full-time fishermen distinguishable to any significant degree in the three local communities. At the same time differences in household structure begin to rapidly level out.
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Achmad, Dewi Shinta, Syamsu Alam Ali, Sudirman Sudirman, and Yusran Nur Indar. "Grouper Fish Fisheries in Bays of Kwandang, Gorontalo Province are reviewed from Economic Social Aspects." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 4, no. 1 (2019): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/4.1.8.
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Maynou, Francesc. "Coviability analysis of Western Mediterranean fisheries under MSY scenarios for 2020." ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, no. 7 (April 16, 2014): 1563–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu061.
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An ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) seeks to manage fisheries sustainably, including all dimensions of fisheries: biological, social and economic aspects. The separate management of these aspects may lead to conflicting objectives. Coviability analysis helps us to rank a set of choices (alternative management measures) objectively, allows us to explore which policies will ensure strong sustainability, and formally recognizes the multi-objective nature of fisheries management. The coviability of the main Western Mediterranean Spanish fisheries was examined with a bioeconomic simulation model under alternative management strategies that implement strong fishing mortality reduction policies. Based on a joint (biological and economic) viability assessment, it has been shown that Western Mediterranean fisheries require the reduction of fishing effort to ∼10% of the 2010 levels. This strong conservation measure would need to be applied as soon as possible in order for European Mediterranean fisheries to be managed at MSY, as required by legally binding international agreements, which may be unrealistic. Large reductions in fishing mortality for stocks that have been subject to high exploitation rates for decades are difficult to achieve with the current paradigm of effort control in the Mediterranean. Instead, reorienting the exploitation of Mediterranean fish stocks with management measures that combine changes in exploitation patterns with seasonal or spatial area closures, should help meet the policy goals of fishing mortality levels compatible with MSY by 2020.
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Hutchings, Jeffrey A., and Robert W. Rangeley. "Correlates of recovery for Canadian Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)1This review is part of the virtual symposium “Flagship Species – Flagship Problems” that deals with ecology, biodiversity and management issues, and climate impacts on species at risk and of Canadian importance, including the polar bear (Ursus maritimus), Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), and caribou (Rangifer tarandus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 89, no. 5 (May 2011): 386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-022.
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The collapse of Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L., 1758) in the early 1990s, perhaps the greatest numerical loss of a Canadian vertebrate (1.5–2.5 billion reproductive individuals), is one from which the species has yet to recover. Populations, or stocks, are at or well below their conservation reference points. The lack of recovery has been linked to ongoing fishing mortality (targeted, bycatch), changes to life history (reductions in age and size at maturity, truncations in age and size structure), and increased natural mortality. Emergent and demographic Allee effects, coupled with altered interspecific interactions, render questionable the presumption that the recovery of heavily depleted populations can be reliably forecasted by population dynamical behaviour during decline. Contrary to international commitments and inconsistent with fishery rebuilding plans elsewhere, cod recovery plans exclude target and limit reference points, recovery timelines, and harvest control rules. We suggest that the long-term biodiversity, social, and economic benefits associated with cod recovery can be realised by novel changes, including quantitatively responsible recovery plans based on science-determined reference points, new or revised legislation, integrated management strategies, strengthened sustainable seafood certification practices, expansion of marine spatial planning and protected areas, and novel financial incentives for investment in long-term, sustainable fisheries.
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Aps, Robert, Laurence T. Kell, Hans Lassen, and Innar Liiv. "Negotiation framework for Baltic fisheries management: striking the balance of interest." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 4 (January 29, 2007): 858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsl038.
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Abstract Aps, R., Kell, L.T., Lassen, H., and Liiv, I. 2007. Negotiation framework for Baltic fisheries management: striking the balance of interest. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 858–861. We explore the issue of balancing stakeholder interests in the translation of science-based advice into agreed management measures. We also analyse the outcome of negotiations within the International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission (IBSFC) for setting the total allowable catch (TAC) for Baltic herring, sprat, cod, and salmon between 1977 and 2004. Given the political and economic pressure inherent in fishery management, IBSFC Contracting Parties, as maximizers of economic value, often set the TAC by unit stock in excess of what was considered sustainable. TACs set in excess of sustainable levels of exploitation (decision-overfishing) reflect the relative importance that negotiating parties attribute to the interests of multiple groups participating in the fishing industry. Such decision-overfishing can be seen as management failure to secure public interest in the long-term health of fish populations. The potential political and social causes of overfishing have to be addressed and removed before measures can be implemented that might reach the goal of sustainable development.
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Zhang, Fan, Davíð Gíslason, Kevin B. Reid, Allan J. Debertin, Katrine Turgeon, and Thomas D. Nudds. "Failure to detect ecological and evolutionary effects of harvest on exploited fish populations in a managed fisheries ecosystem." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 75, no. 10 (October 2018): 1764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0217.
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Overexploitation and collapse of major fisheries raises important concerns about effects of harvest on fish populations. We tested for ecological and evolutionary mechanisms by which harvest could affect exploited fish populations in Lake Erie over the last four decades, over most of which intensive fisheries management was implemented. We did not detect evidence of long-term negative effects of harvest on yellow perch (Perca flavescens), walleye (Sander vitreus), white perch (Morone americana), or white bass (Morone chrysops) populations, either through recruitment success or through alteration of maturation schedules. Current fisheries management in Lake Erie has been relatively successful with respect to minimizing negative harvest effects, such that the dynamics of exploited fish populations in Lake Erie were more strongly affected by environment than harvest. Our study adds to the evidence that effective fisheries management is capable of rebuilding depleted fisheries and (or) maintaining healthy fisheries. Nevertheless, fisheries management needs to move beyond the ecological dimension to incorporate economic, social, and institutional aspects for society to be better assured of the sustainability of fisheries in rapidly changing ecosystems.
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Sweking, Sweking, Aunurafik Aunurafik, Anang Najamuddin, and Firlianty Firlianty. "Profil Perikanan Tangkap Di Danau Barito Mati Desa Penda Asam Kecamatan Dusun Selatan Kabupaten Barito Selatan." EnviroScienteae 15, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v15i1.6330.
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This study aims to determine the description/profile of catch fisheries in lake Barito Mati from economic aspects, aspects of fishing and social community fisherman. This study was conducted for 2 weeks in the field to collect primary data and secondary data. The method used is the method of observation or direct observation with interview techniques using questionnaire (questionnaire), Respondents with the main job as a fisherman. Respondents as many as 19 (nineteen) people with experience as fisherman 4 years – 30 years. Capture fisheries profile in lake Barito Mati from the economic aspect, catch aspect and social aspect of society are summed up in good condition and deserve to be cultivated as the source of income with average profit Rp. 5.171.794,-/month above the value of Regional Minimum Wage (UMR) South Barito Regency Of 2017 of Rp. 2.546.000/ month.
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Sergeev, L. I., and R. A. Mnatsakanyan. "FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE FISHERIES SECTOR." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 5 (2020): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2020-5-104.
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The results of fisheries are effects of important economic and social importance. Therefore, the problems of the development of the fishing industry occupy a special place in economic policy at all levels of government. There is a fairly large set of measures for such a policy. Nevertheless, the scale and complexity of the problems in the fishing industry in our country necessitates a further search for optimal forms of interaction between the state and the organizations of the fishing business. The basis of interaction can be the PPP mechanism — one of the generally recognized ways to solve complex socio-economic problems. The purpose of this article is to develop an approach to the organization of financial management of PPP projects in the field of fisheries. The theoretical basis of the work is the provisions of the methodology of financial planning and project finance management. The article discusses the financial and economic aspects of PPP projects in the fishing industry. A multilevel model for organizing financial planning of such projects is proposed, recommendations are given on its practical application and the selection of tools that serve as its filling. It is concluded that the goal of financial planning of PPP projects in the fishing industry is to ensure long-term sustainable development of enterprises, consistent with the priorities and goals of social development. The scientific novelty of the work done is to systematize the views on PPP finance management and develop on this basis an approach to organizing a financial planning system within the framework of PPP projects taking into account the specifics of the fishing industry. The practical value of the results of this study is determined by the possibility of using them to develop measures of state economic policy in the field of the fishery complex, in particular, in the formation of state and regional target programs, as well as in the implementation of PPP mechanisms in the industry. It seems that the detailed study of financial planning tools and the development of practice-oriented methods that ensure the effectiveness of the PPP financial management system in the fishing industry can become a promising area for further research.
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Hornborg, Sara, Alistair J. Hobday, Emily Ogier, Aysha Fleming, Linda Thomas, and Jason R. Hartog. "Challenges and insights from holistic sustainability reporting for shrimp fisheries in different jurisdictions." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 6 (July 12, 2020): 2022–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa048.
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Abstract Sustainability of fisheries extends beyond environmental aspects. Broad information is today sought for decision-making and by many stakeholders. Here, a framework recently developed to comprehensively report on sustainability issues relevant to fisheries, the Australian Fisheries Healthcheck, was used to compare five crustacean trawl fisheries from Australia and Europe. Indicators covered 51 different aspects of sustainability in 24 sub-categories related to ecological, economic, social and ethical, governance, and external (e.g. climate, contaminants) dimensions. We found that data availability did not vary greatly between fisheries, but the indicator outcomes did. Furthermore, while environmental sustainability has received most attention in assessments to date, the associated indicators had the least publicly available data. Another finding was that eco-certification and high performance on several governance indicators did not necessarily equate to sustainability. For future international comparisons, challenges include identifying comparable and cost-effective metrics for indicators derived from different data collection strategies. Commencing holistic reporting on broader sustainability is important since the data provided (i) are sought by stakeholders; (ii) enable improved availability of empirical data for research on the effectiveness of different governance modes; (iii) can illustrate trade-offs between different dimensions of sustainability, and (iv) build trust in the fishery system as producers of sustainable food.
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Estévez, Rodrigo A., and Stefan Gelcich. "Public Officials’ Knowledge of Advances and Gaps for Implementing the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in Chile." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052703.
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The United Nations calls on the international community to implement an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) that considers the complex interrelationships between fisheries and marine and coastal ecosystems, including social and economic dimensions. However, countries experience significant national challenges for the application of the EAF. In this article, we used public officials’ knowledge to understand advances, gaps, and priorities for the implementation of the EAF in Chile. For this, we relied on the valuable information held by fisheries managers and government officials to support decision-making. In Chile, the EAF was established as a mandatory requirement for fisheries management in 2013. Key positive aspects include the promotion of fishers’ participation in inter-sectorial Management Committees to administrate fisheries and the regulation of bycatch and trawling on seamounts. Likewise, Scientific Committees formal roles in management allow the participation of scientists by setting catch limits for each fishery. However, important gaps were also identified. Officials highlighted serious difficulties to integrate social dimensions in fisheries management, and low effective coordination among the institutions to implement the EAF. We concluded that establishing clear protocols to systematize and generate formal instances to build upon government officials’ knowledge seems a clear and cost effective way to advance in the effective implementation of the EAF.
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De Camargo, S. A. Franco, and M. Petrere JR. "Social and financial aspects of the artisanal fisheries of Middle São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil." Fisheries Management and Ecology 8, no. 2 (April 2001): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2400.2001.00246.x.
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Purwoningsih, Purwoningsih. "Kajian Keberlanjutan Permukiman Nelayan di Kampung Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Pemalang." JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA 12, no. 2 (December 29, 2016): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v12i2.12897.
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Tanjungsari village is one of the fishing settlement located in Pemalang. Settlements located in coastal areas is certainly has a wide range of environmental issues concerning environmental, social and economic mutually influence each other. On the one hand, the fishing settlement is one of the potential that exists in Pemalang. If the problem is left unchecked then, a fishing village will be subject to environmental degradation and unsustainable. Therefore, there should be a study that aimed to assess the sustainability of fishing and explain the causes of the research results. The method used in this research is mix method there is a merger between qualitative and quantitative methods. The analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis, qualitative descriptive analysis and scoring analysis. The results of this study is to note that at this time Kampung Nelayan Tanjungsari under moderate conditions on the environmental aspects of physical settlements and coastal areas (value 2.1), bad conditions on aspects of fisheries resource management (score 1.3) and bad conditions in the social and cultural aspects of society (value 1.6). While overall, Kampung Nelayan Tanjungsari included in the category of Sustainability Not in all aspects, as well as the main factor is a factor Economic Sector Fisheries.
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MacNeil, M. Aaron, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Joshua E. Cinner, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Philip A. Loring, Simon Jennings, Nicholas V. C. Polunin, Aaron T. Fisk, and Tim R. McClanahan. "Transitional states in marine fisheries: adapting to predicted global change." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1558 (November 27, 2010): 3753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0289.
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Global climate change has the potential to substantially alter the production and community structure of marine fisheries and modify the ongoing impacts of fishing. Fish community composition is already changing in some tropical, temperate and polar ecosystems, where local combinations of warming trends and higher environmental variation anticipate the changes likely to occur more widely over coming decades. Using case studies from the Western Indian Ocean, the North Sea and the Bering Sea, we contextualize the direct and indirect effects of climate change on production and biodiversity and, in turn, on the social and economic aspects of marine fisheries. Climate warming is expected to lead to (i) yield and species losses in tropical reef fisheries, driven primarily by habitat loss; (ii) community turnover in temperate fisheries, owing to the arrival and increasing dominance of warm-water species as well as the reduced dominance and departure of cold-water species; and (iii) increased diversity and yield in Arctic fisheries, arising from invasions of southern species and increased primary production resulting from ice-free summer conditions. How societies deal with such changes will depend largely on their capacity to adapt—to plan and implement effective responses to change—a process heavily influenced by social, economic, political and cultural conditions.
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Möllmann, Christian, Martin Lindegren, Thorsten Blenckner, Lena Bergström, Michele Casini, Rabea Diekmann, Juha Flinkman, et al. "Implementing ecosystem-based fisheries management: from single-species to integrated ecosystem assessment and advice for Baltic Sea fish stocks." ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, no. 5 (August 24, 2013): 1187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst123.
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Abstract Theory behind ecosystem-based management (EBM) and ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) is now well developed. However, the implementation of EBFM exemplified by fisheries management in Europe is still largely based on single-species assessments and ignores the wider ecosystem context and impact. The reason for the lack or slow implementation of EBM and specifically EBFM is a lack of a coherent strategy. Such a strategy is offered by recently developed integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs), a formal synthesis tool to quantitatively analyse information on relevant natural and socio-economic factors, in relation to specified management objectives. Here, we focus on implementing the IEA approach for Baltic Sea fish stocks. We combine both tactical and strategic management aspects into a single strategy that supports the present Baltic Sea fish stock advice, conducted by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). We first review the state of the art in the development of IEA within the current management framework. We then outline and discuss an approach that integrates fish stock advice and IEAs for the Baltic Sea. We intentionally focus on the central Baltic Sea and its three major fish stocks cod (Gadus morhua), herring (Clupea harengus), and sprat (Sprattus sprattus), but emphasize that our approach may be applied to other parts and stocks of the Baltic, as well as other ocean areas.
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Mikuš, Ornella, Magdalena Zrakić, Tihana Kovačićek, and Mateja Jež Rogelj. "Common Fisheries Policy and its impact on the fisheries sector in Croatia." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 76, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cjf-2018-0005.
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Abstract The aim of the paper is: 1) to determine the key changes in the evolution process of the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the Croatia’s fisheries policy and 2) to describe the structure and dynamics of macroeconomic and budget performance related to Croatian fisheries in the period 2007-2016. Two methods were used: the historical method and the descriptive analysis of macroeconomic performance and budget structure. The CFP was officially introduced in 1983, bringing the management of fisheries in all EU member states under one system. Its aims were: to resolve sea conflicts between member states, to provide stability to the fisheries sector, to prevent a total collapse of fish stocks and to provide higher quality of life to the fishermen. However, the CFP has constantly been criticized for poor enforcement of environmental measures and scientific recommendations, and for the lack of a common language between the EU institutions and local stakeholders. Both the European and Croatian fisheries sector faced many problems, especially during the transition period in the 1990s. Some of them included a serious decrease of catches, outdated technology and fisheries fleet, depletion of demersal species, lack of developmental trends in mariculture, absence of measures of rational exploitation and protection of economically significant species. The negotiation period was an opportunity for the fisheries sector in Croatia to adapt its goals, measures and stakeholders in order to achieve a more sustainable and internationally competitive fisheries sector in the future. The membership facilitates trade in the EU area, along with providing significant funding and technical assistance. The budget support structure and the existing policy framework point out an increase in the implementation of structural measures which should assist in an overall improvement of social, economic and environmental aspects of fisheries.
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Nurhayati, Atikah, Titin Herawati, Walim Lili, Ayi Yustiati, and Isni Nurruhwati Matindas. "Enviromental Socio-Economic Value for Capture Fisheries Resources at Jatigede Reservoir, Sumedang, West Java Province." Jurnal Penyuluhan 16, no. 1 (April 12, 2020): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25015/16202025262.
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Sumedang District is one of the areas where Jatigede Reservoir is built, which is primarily for hydroelectric power generation and other derivative functions such as drinking water supply, irrigation, flood control, tourism, and capture fisheries. Research aims to examine how the potential of capture fisheries resources and socio-economic values for local communities. This method used quantitative description of the performance of costs and benefits. The data used in this reserach are primary data and secondary. Primary data with judgment sampling as many as 30 respondents. Based on the research gap analysis for the social aspects of the local communities affected by the construction of reservoirs Jatigede contradiction between the expectations of the people to utilize the reservoir Jatigede based derivative function with local government regulations, so there is still social conflicts in society.Results of Analytic Network Process levels of jatigede reservoir function based on economic value the main function of hydroelectric power plants is socio-economic value for residents affected by the construction of Jatigede reservoir, one of which is capture fisheries, which should be given by the local government regulations regarding catchment zones, types of fishing gear are allowed and security protection for fishing in reservoirs Jatigede, institutional strengthening Jatigede fishing in reservoirs.Environmental aspects by taking into account the aquatic habitat in the Jatigede reservoir,which can be used for fisheries with due respect to the conservation of fishery resources, especially for endemic fish by periodically restocking, so that socio-economic and environmental values can be synergistic in utilizing the Jatigede reservoir.
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Hermansen, Gudmund H., Nils Lid Hjort, and Olav S. Kjesbu. "Recent advances in statistical methodology applied to the Hjort liver index time series (1859–2012) and associated influential factors." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 2 (February 2016): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0086.
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Certain recent advances in statistical methodology have promising potential for fruitful use in general biology and the fisheries sciences. This paper reviews and discusses some of the relevant themes, including accurate modelling via focused model selection techniques, dynamic goodness-of-fit testing of processes evolving over time, finding break points for phenomena experiencing regime shifts, prediction uncertainty, and optimal combination of information across diverse sources via confidence distributions. The methods are illustrated for the Hjort liver quality index time series. Its roots lie in the classic study by Hjort in 1914, where liver quality of the Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) for 1880–1912 was reported on and studied, along with related factors, making it one of the first teleost time series ever published. The series has been extended both backwards and forwards in time, to 1859–2012, due to comprehensive archival and calibration efforts of Kjesbu et al. in 2014, yielding one of the longest time series of marine science. Our study offers a detailed examination of this series and how it relates to and interacts with associated factors, including winter temperatures, length distribution parameters, cod mortality, and a certain index related to availability of food. We identify certain mild nonstationary aspects of the time series, show that there is a regime shift around 1990 in the ways the liver series interacts with winter temperatures, and demonstrate that mortality and food availability play important roles.
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Sbragaglia, Valerio, Ricardo A. Correia, Salvatore Coco, and Robert Arlinghaus. "Data mining on YouTube reveals fisher group-specific harvesting patterns and social engagement in recreational anglers and spearfishers." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 6 (June 14, 2019): 2234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz100.
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Abstract We applied data mining on YouTube videos to better understand recreational fisheries targeting common dentex (Dentex dentex), an iconic species of Mediterranean fisheries. In Italy alone, from 2010 to 2016 spearfishers posted 1051 videos compared to 692 videos posted by anglers. The upload pattern of spearfishing videos followed a seasonal pattern with peaks in July, a trend not found for anglers. The average mass of the fish declared in angling videos (6.4 kg) was significantly larger than the one in spearfishing videos (4.5 kg). Videos posted by spearfishers received significantly more likes and comments than those posted by anglers. Content analysis suggested that the differences in engagement can be related to appreciation of successful spearfishers necessitating relevant personal qualities for catching D. dentex. We also found that the mass of the fish positively predicted social engagement as well as the degree of positive evaluation only in spearfishing videos. This could be caused by the generally smaller odds of catching large D. dentex by spearfishing. Our case study demonstrates that data mining on YouTube can be a powerful tool to provide complementary data on controversial and data-poor aspects of recreational fisheries and contribute to understanding the social dimensions of recreational fishers.
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Rice, Jake. "Evolution of international commitments for fisheries sustainability." ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, no. 2 (June 19, 2013): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst078.
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Abstract Rice, J. 2014. Evolution of international commitments for fisheries sustainability. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 157–165. The basic standards for the sustainability of fisheries were set by international policy in the UN Fish Stocks Agreement (FSA). However, each year since the FSA was ratified, the United Nations General Assembly has negotiated and agreed to resolutions on Ocean Law of the Sea and on Sustainable Fisheries. This paper reviews chronologically how the interpretation of “sustainability” has evolved in those resolutions, as well as been addressed in the decadal world summits on sustainable development. Although the basic biological benchmarks for sustainability have not been altered by these resolutions, commitments for the standards to be met by all ecosystem components impacted by fishing have become increasingly strong. The annual resolutions have increasingly stressed that environmental sustainability is critically important, but is not more important than social well-being aspects of sustainability, with fisheries having a vital role in sustainable development in many parts of the world. In addition, agreements on biodiversity conservation made largely in Oceans and Law of the Sea resolutions are increasingly influencing the nature and pace of evolution of how “sustainability” is interpreted in fisheries.
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Lade, Steven J., Susa Niiranen, Jonas Hentati-Sundberg, Thorsten Blenckner, Wiebren J. Boonstra, Kirill Orach, Martin F. Quaas, Henrik Österblom, and Maja Schlüter. "An empirical model of the Baltic Sea reveals the importance of social dynamics for ecological regime shifts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 35 (August 17, 2015): 11120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504954112.
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Regime shifts triggered by human activities and environmental changes have led to significant ecological and socioeconomic consequences in marine and terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Ecological processes and feedbacks associated with regime shifts have received considerable attention, but human individual and collective behavior is rarely treated as an integrated component of such shifts. Here, we used generalized modeling to develop a coupled social–ecological model that integrated rich social and ecological data to investigate the role of social dynamics in the 1980s Baltic Sea cod boom and collapse. We showed that psychological, economic, and regulatory aspects of fisher decision making, in addition to ecological interactions, contributed both to the temporary persistence of the cod boom and to its subsequent collapse. These features of the social–ecological system also would have limited the effectiveness of stronger fishery regulations. Our results provide quantitative, empirical evidence that incorporating social dynamics into models of natural resources is critical for understanding how resources can be managed sustainably. We also show that generalized modeling, which is well-suited to collaborative model development and does not require detailed specification of causal relationships between system variables, can help tackle the complexities involved in creating and analyzing social–ecological models.
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Manlosa, Aisa O., Anna-Katharina Hornidge, and Achim Schlüter. "Aquaculture-capture fisheries nexus under Covid-19: impacts, diversity, and social-ecological resilience." Maritime Studies 20, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-021-00213-6.
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AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic is a global shock that is significantly affecting coastal social-ecological systems (SES) in different parts of the world. Its widespread impacts have unravelled vulnerabilities in many aspects of society, including food systems. Our study investigated the impacts of a lockdown associated with the pandemic in the province of Bulacan, in the region of Central Luzon, Philippines, where aquaculture and capture fisheries are important and interconnected sectors. In particular, we focused on impacts related to production and market. We considered people’s coping strategies and the factors that enabled such strategies. Our investigation adopted a case study approach and drew on qualitative data analysed through thematic analysis. The findings revealed differentiated mechanisms through which aquaculture and capture fisheries production were impacted. Both were strongly affected by market disruptions but through slightly different ways. In effect, the lockdown provided the impetus for the uptake and spreading of practices that were previously peripheral, particularly in relation to market exchanges. The study also identified a variety of coping strategies, as well as the importance of social support in the form of food aid, financial assistance, and institutional livelihood assistance. Finally, it discusses the importance of diversity in food sources, the role of local food systems, and governance implications for foregrounding social-ecological resilience in short-term response and long-term recovery.
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Cerutti, Nicola. "Social Dilemmas in Environmental Economics and Policy Considerations: A Review." ETHICS IN PROGRESS 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 156–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/eip.2017.1.10.
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Many crucial environmental issues lead to social dilemmas, in which the personally optimal solution, and the socially optimal solution diverge. Finding a solution to this dilemma is extremely important to allow a good and sustainable management of many exhaustible natural resources. This is especially true when the resource users need to develop collectively a set of rules or practices, and the institutions are unable to provide, or enforce, effective regulations. A few examples are forests, and fisheries, but also carbon emissions. This review presents a selected number of results coming from field observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical work, which pinpoint some of the more crucial aspects of these decision environments. Knowing which incentives and situational aspects may motivate resource users to adopt a more or less cooperative behavior can potentially be of pivotal importance to develop effective policies and regulations. At the same time, the research we present is also of great interestfor any diagnostic or explorative study that aims to study direct resource users, and their development of cooperative attitudes and practices.
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Leslie, Heather M., Xavier Basurto, Mateja Nenadovic, Leila Sievanen, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Juan José Cota-Nieto, Brad E. Erisman, et al. "Operationalizing the social-ecological systems framework to assess sustainability." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 19 (April 27, 2015): 5979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414640112.
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Environmental governance is more effective when the scales of ecological processes are well matched with the human institutions charged with managing human–environment interactions. The social-ecological systems (SESs) framework provides guidance on how to assess the social and ecological dimensions that contribute to sustainable resource use and management, but rarely if ever has been operationalized for multiple localities in a spatially explicit, quantitative manner. Here, we use the case of small-scale fisheries in Baja California Sur, Mexico, to identify distinct SES regions and test key aspects of coupled SESs theory. Regions that exhibit greater potential for social-ecological sustainability in one dimension do not necessarily exhibit it in others, highlighting the importance of integrative, coupled system analyses when implementing spatial planning and other ecosystem-based strategies.
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Serre, Simon Hansen, Kristian Ege Nielsen, Peter Fink-Jensen, Tonny Bernt Thomsen, and Karin Hüssy. "Analysis of cod otolith microchemistry by continuous line transects using LA-ICP-MS." GEUS Bulletin 41 (August 15, 2018): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v41.4351.
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Fish otoliths, also called ear stones or statoliths, are calcified structures functioning as movement and equilibrium indicators in the inner ear of fish (Fig. 1). From hatching to death these structures grow incrementally, with new material accreted daily (Pannella 1971) in successive layers of protein (1–8%, Degens et al. 1969) and calcium carbonate. The accretion rate of otoliths varies with fish growth, and in temperate species it is usually lowest during the winter season (Hüssy et al. 2010). This results in concentric growth resembling the ringed structure in trees (Fig. 1D), enabling the use of dendrochronological techniques to approximate the age and growth history of fish. During growth, certain elements are incorporated into the otolith structure, some associated with proteins and some with the calcium carbonate component (Thomas et al. 2017), supplying a valuable record of different aspects in fish life history and serving as a potential environmental record. Previous studies show that trace element and isotopic compositions of otoliths can be used as a proxy for reconstructing water chemistry, temperature and salinity (Patterson et al. 1993; Thorrold & Shuttleworth 2000). Other studies demonstrate that elemental histories can be used to investigate fish spawning and migration patterns (e.g. Sturrock et al. 2012), and more recent studies use elements such as Zn, Cu and Mg as indicators of seasonality (Hüssy et al. 2016; Limburg et al. 2018). Combining this knowledge of elemental variation with the micro-beam capabilities of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LAICPMS) turns otolith microchemistry into a powerful tool for studying important parameters fundamental for establishing modern, sustainable fisheries management policies (e.g. stock identification, migration, pollution indicators, spawning habitats, duration of larval and juvenile stages, and magnitude and timing of spawning). We present an analytical method developed by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) in collaboration with the National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark (DTU Aqua), for element abundance analysis in otoliths. Analyses of otoliths from Baltic Cod (Gadus morhua; Fig. 1) are used as an example for its application.
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Ding, Qi, Xiujuan Shan, Xianshi Jin, and Harry Gorfine. "A multidimensional analysis of marine capture fisheries in China’s coastal provinces." Fisheries Science 87, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-021-01514-9.
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AbstractChina (herein referred as China’s mainland, and excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) is the largest contributor to global seafood production. While China’s marine fisheries have been extensively documented, there is a gap in systematically quantifying production of its marine fisheries and the different challenges confronting them at the provincial level. We addressed this gap in spatial detail by providing a review that compares and contrasts the exploitation history of China’s fisheries at both the national and provincial levels based on official statistical data. We expanded upon this to explore aspects of bio-socio-economic challenges faced by the country’s 11 fishing provinces. Our analysis suggested that significant increases in domestic marine catches in China have been accompanied by escalating fishing power, which has had differential impacts at the provincial scale. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) sharply declined at both the national and provincial scales, and many traditionally targeted demersal fish stocks showed clear downward trends in terms of catches. The 11 fishing provinces in China can be grouped into four clusters with distinct biological, social, and economic attributes. Targeted measures are recommended accordingly when implementing fisheries management measures for each specific fishing province in order to deliver an overall improvement in the sustainability of China’s marine fisheries.
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Fisher, Mary C., Stephanie K. Moore, Sunny L. Jardine, James R. Watson, and Jameal F. Samhouri. "Climate shock effects and mediation in fisheries." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 2 (January 4, 2021): e2014379117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014379117.
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Climate shocks can reorganize the social–ecological linkages in food-producing communities, leading to a sudden loss of key products in food systems. The extent and persistence of this reorganization are difficult to observe and summarize, but are critical aspects of predicting and rapidly assessing community vulnerability to extreme events. We apply network analysis to evaluate the impact of a climate shock—an unprecedented marine heatwave—on patterns of resource use in California fishing communities, which were severely affected through closures of the Dungeness crab fishery. The climate shock significantly modified flows of users between fishery resources during the closures. These modifications were predicted by pre-shock patterns of resource use and were associated with three strategies used by fishing community member vessels to respond to the closures: temporary exit from the food system, spillover of effort from the Dungeness crab fishery into other fisheries, and spatial shifts in where crab were landed. Regional differences in resource use patterns and vessel-level responses highlighted the Dungeness crab fishery as a seasonal “gilded trap” for northern California fishing communities. We also detected disparities in climate shock response based on vessel size, with larger vessels more likely to display spatial mobility. Our study demonstrates the importance of highly connected and decentralized networks of resource use in reducing the vulnerability of human communities to climate shocks.
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Septifitri, Septifitri. "The Development Opportunity of Catch Fishery in The Province of Southern Sumatera." Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (February 22, 2012): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.6.1.8-21.
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South Sumatera province since 2000, began managing the fishery resources separately with the Province of Bangka Belitung. Bangka Belitung contribution in the fisheries sector of the South Sumatera province in 1999 by 72 %. Based on these conditions, then do research on fisheries development opportunities in the surrounding waters of South Sumatera. This research was conducted in February 2006 until July 2006 in two Regency namely Komiring Ogan Ilir and Banyuasin Regency. The results showed that the leading commodities in the province of South Sumatera is shrimp, crab, marine catfish (Arius thalassinus), and wolf herring (Chirosentrus dorab). This leading commodities still have a great opportunity to be developed for their utilization rates still ranged between 58,42% – 66,77% Fishing gear priority based on the analysis of MCA (multy Critical Analysis) with considering the biological aspects, technical, social and economic is trammelnet, drift gillnet and Stationary-bamboo lift net. Key Words: Development, Capture Fisheries , South Sumatera province
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Monteiro, Pedro Valadas. "Managing Scarce Resources and Sensitive Ecosystems: Assessing the Role of CFP in the Development of Portuguese Fisheries." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 18, no. 04 (December 2016): 1650022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333216500228.
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The aim of this paper is to assess the main impacts of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in the development of Portuguese fisheries. CFP has introduced a wide range of regulatory instruments, such as the annual total allowable catches (TACs), restrictions on the permissible number of fishing days, fleet reductions and limits on the size and engine power of fishing vessels, alongside with some technical measures to regulate gear usage and where and when fishermen can fish. We analyse the trend evidenced by some of the most relevant structural dimensions of the Portuguese fishing fleet using data surveyed from the Statistics Portugal database for a 21 year period (1994–2014). The results suggest that CFP, namely its conservation measures, has failed so far to achieve its fundamental objective of matching fishing effort and living resources through the coupling of biologic objectives with the ones related to the social and economic aspects of fisheries.
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Martín Palmero, Federico, and Fernando González Laxe. "Path – Dependence and European Fisheries Management." European Journal of Government and Economics 7, no. 2 (December 17, 2018): 138–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/ejge.2018.7.2.4411.
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For a long time there has been an attempt to explain the current crisis in the fisheries sector in terms of a confrontation between those defending “fish” and those defending “fishermen”. However, the real problem concerns the governance of fisheries and how common resources are assigned; it is not just a crisis of resources per se. Therefore, an insightful understanding of the scenario leading to a satisfactory solution is more complex than it is often believed since there is a need to tackle problems related to the state of stocks, fishermen’s strategies and ecosystems. The fishing sector is not exclusively concerned with production activities as some analysts would have us believe. Rather, it is an area that integrates a number of important features and requires different approaches dealing with the industrial aspects of the sector, distribution and consumption. The fishing sector is characterised by a high level of public intervention, in terms of regulation, finance and state subsidies. The plethora of norms has become such that, currently, the main areas of debate are those concerning how best to preserve resources and ecosystems (by managing and sustaining certain economic levels for example), the welfare of those who make their living from fishing, and the social impact on coastal communities among others. The main focus of debate used to be the conditions of access to fishing and fisheries. Nowadays, however, since early 2000s, efforts have concentrated on the limits of biological safety in order to guarantee sustainable and efficient fishing.This work carries out a dual analysis of the objectives of fisheries management. The first focuses on path dependence and the second on a debate among the three main players and their changing views. This approach allows us to clarify the different interests as regards policy-making, as well as to clearly define the different management implementation.
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Christensen, Villy, Karl A. Aiken, and Maria C. Villanueva. "Threats to the ocean: on the role of ecosystem approaches to fisheries." Social Science Information 46, no. 1 (March 2007): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018407073656.
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English It is becoming increasingly clear that humans impact marine ecosystems and their biodiversity to a very considerate degree, and evidence of the scale of impact is growing. An enabling factor for this has been a change in focus from local-level studies to increased emphasis on meta-analysis of global or regional-level analysis of fisheries' impact. Results include the facts that the world's total fish catches have been decreasing over the last decade or more; that larger, predatory fishes (table fish) are becoming increasingly scarcer; and that we are appropriating the ocean shelves' primary productivity to the same level as we are for terrestrial ecosystems. Ecosystems are being eroded in countries throughout the world, and though one might get the impression from the IUCN Red List that it is mainly a developed-country problem, it is alarming that the impact of severe overfishing may be on an even larger scale for developing countries. We describe aspects of the risks overfishing poses to marine ecosystems, and point out how ecosystem approaches to fisheries can be used to evaluate the potential impact of alternative fishing policy scenarios. French Il devient de plus en plus clair que les activités humaines altèrent les écosystèmes marins et leur biodiversité à un degré considérable, et les preures de l'échelle des impacts anthropiques s'accumulent. Un des facteurs déterminants de cette prise de conscience réside dans le changement d'échelle des études de l'impact des pêches qui sont passées d'un niveau local à un niveau global ou régional au travers d'études de type méta-analyse. Les résultats obtenus les plus évocateurs incluent le fait que la totalité des captures mondiales de poissons a diminué pendant la dernière décennie ou plus; que les grands prédateurs (l'essentiel des poissons "de table") deviennent de plus en plus rares; et que nous nous approprions la productivité primaire des plateaux continentaux au même titre que nous nous sommes appropriés celle des écosystèmes terrestres. Les écosystèmes sont érodés dans les pays du monde entier, et bien que la liste rouge de l'IUCN laisse penser que c'est principalement le problème des pays développés, il est alarmant de constater que l'impact de la surpêche excessive pourrait être une échelle bien plus grande encore pour les pays en voie de développement. Nous décrivons certains aspects des risques que pose la surpêche pour les écosystèmes marins, et mettons en exergue comment l'approche écosystémique des pêches peut être employée pour évaluer l'impact potentiel de scénarios alternatifs de règlementation des pêches.
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Mulyawan, Irwan, Achmad Zamroni, and Fatriyandi Nur Priyatna. "KAJIAN KEBERLANJUTAN PENGELOLAAN BUDIDAYA IKAN BANDENG DI GRESIK." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 6, no. 1 (February 14, 2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v6i1.2607.
Full textAbstract:
Perikanan budidaya bandeng telah lama menjadi bagian dari usaha masyarakat pesisir. Permasalahan pengelolaan budidaya bandeng semakin hari menjadi semakin kompleks. Sedikitnya ada lima aspek yang terlibat: ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi dan kelembagaan. Oleh karena itu, kajian singkat (rapid) terhadap pengelolaan perikanan budidaya bandeng dilakukan untuk melihat keterkaitan lima aspek tersebut. Dengan penggunakan analisis Rapid Appraisal Of Fisheries (Rapfish) diuraikan tingkat keberlanjutan pengelolaan perikanan budidaya bandeng berdasarkan dimensi (aspek) dan atribut (variable) yang dikembangkan. Dihasilkan bahwa keberlanjutan pengelolaan perikanan budidaya bandeng berada pada kondisi cukup (cenderung buruk) sehingga perlu re-orientasi pengelolaan. Perlu melakukan penyeimbangan aspek ekologi dan ekonomi, dengan mengurangi tekanan pada ekosistem mangrove dan memperbanyak tujuan pasar / orientasi pemasaran produk bandeng.Title: Study On Sustainable Management Of Milkfish Fish Farming In GresikMilkfish aquaculture has been part of the efforts of coastal communities for a long time. Milkfish aquaculture management issues become more complex. There are at least five aspects involved: ecological, economic, social, technological and institutional. Therefore, a brief assessment (rapid) for the management of aquaculture of milkfish is done to see how the five aspects. By using an analysis Rapid Appraisal Of Fisheries (Rapfish) described the level of sustainability of aquaculture of milkfish by dimensions (aspects) and attributes (variables) were developed. Produced that the sustainability of aquaculture of milkfish in condition enough (likely worse) that need re-orientation of management. Need to do a balancing ecological and economic aspects, by reducing the pressure on the mangrove ecosystem and increase market destination / product marketing orientation for milkfish.