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SOARES, Marcelo Negri, and Marisa Gisela CAMPOS. "COMPLIANCE NA REALIZAÇÃO DA FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DA EMPRESA." Percurso 1, no. 28 (January 28, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/revpercurso.2316-7521.v1i28.3416.
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REMUMOEste artigo tem por escopo apresentar o compliance como parte essencial da realização da função social da empresa, com consequências positivas sócio ambientais e reflexos na minimização de responsabilidades no âmbito do direito empresarial. Nesse objetivo, fazemos incursões históricas, principiológicas e conceituais, em torno da responsabilidade empresarial, para introduzir os aspectos dogmáticos e legais, empós, desenvolver o tema de fundo, ligando o compliance ao ambiente empresarial e os tipos de responsabilização, passando pela proteção contra a corrupção instituída, com vistas à redução de desigualdades sociais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito empresarial; Compliance; Responsabilidade. ABSTRACTThis article aims to present compliance as an essential part of achieving the company's social function, with positive socio-environmental consequences and reflexes in minimizing responsibilities in the scope of business law. In this objective, we make historical, conceptual and conceptual incursions around corporate responsibility, to introduce dogmatic and legal aspects, empos, to develop the fundamental theme, linking compliance to the business environment and the types of accountability, and protection against corruption, with a view to reducing social inequalities. KEYWORDS: Business law; Compliance; Responsability
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Kimmel, P. L., R. A. Peterson, K. L. Weihs, S. J. Simmens, D. H. Boyle, I. Cruz, W. O. Umana, S. Alleyne, and J. H. Veis. "Aspects of quality of life in hemodialysis patients." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 6, no. 5 (November 1995): 1418–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v651418.
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The proper means of measuring quality of life in chronically ill patients is unclear. Because different measures may assess varied aspects of patients' experience and because they may be interrelated in different ways, the relationship between several of these quality-of-life measures, including indices of psychological well-being, social support, and severity of illness in ESRD patients treated with hemodialysis (HD), was prospectively assessed. In addition, it was determined whether patients' assessment of quality of life, along any dimension, was related to patient compliance in three urban HD units, in a population largely composed of African-American patients. Severity of illness scores correlated with both attendance and compliance with the dialysis prescription. Karnofsky scores correlated inversely with age, depression, social environment, and level of severity of illness, as expected, but not with behavioral compliance measures. Social support scores correlated with perception of illness, depression, satisfaction with life, and adjustment to illness scores, but not with behavioral or standard compliance measures. Perception of illness scores correlated with depression, social support, adjustment to illness, and satisfaction with life scores, but not with Karnofsky ratings, severity scores, or standard and/or behavioral compliance measures. Social environment scores correlated with almost all assessed variables, with the exception of anthropometric measurements, predialysis phosphorus levels, and behavioral compliance measures. Satisfaction with life scores (a global, subjective measure of quality of life) correlated with advancing age, level of social support, severity of illness, and the presence of a relationship, but were not correlated with Karnofsky scores. These data suggest that quality of life in patients treated with HD must be measured in several ways. The Psychological Adjustment to Illness Scale Social Environment score may be a useful, generalizable adjunct measure of quality of life in HD patients, in addition to the Satisfaction With Life Scale. Quality of life and perception of the effects of illness are not necessarily associated with functional ability in HD patients. These findings must be considered where making decisions about the discontinuation of HD treatment.
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Dunbar, Jacqueline. "Practical aspects of dietary management of hypertension: compliance." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-143.
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This paper addresses compliance issues that arise in the implementation of weight loss and other therapeutic diets prescribed for the individual with hypertension. Dietary compliance poses a significant problem. Studies suggest that dropout rates in both self-help and other weight loss programs range from 50 to 70% within 1–2 years. Further, just 50% of persons can be expected to comply with diets for cardiovascular disease. Assessment of adherence is confounded by the lack of precise measures that reflect adherence over time. Measures in general use include daily diaries, urinary chloride dip sticks, multiple 24-h or overnight urinary sodium, analysis of food samples, as well as 24-h recall and food histories. When poor compliance has been identified, it has been associated with a variety of factors. These include multicomponent regimens, conflicting lifestyle habits, skill in identifying and (or) preparing appropriate foods, the cost: benefit ratio of compliance, and social support. Limited investigation has been undertaken to directly improve compliance to diet. However, such strategies as tailoring, goal setting, self-monitoring, stimulus control, social support, cognitive restructuring, and a consistent approach between the care providers show promise.
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Checkel, Jeffrey T. "Why Comply? Social Learning and European Identity Change." International Organization 55, no. 3 (2001): 553–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/00208180152507551.
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Why do agents comply with the norms embedded in regimes and international institutions? Scholars have proposed two competing answers to this compliance puzzle, one rationalist, the other constructivist. Rationalists emphasize coercion, cost/benefit calculations, and material incentives; constructivists stress social learning, socialization, and social norms. Both schools, however, explain important aspects of compliance. To build a bridge between them, I examine the role of argumentative persuasion and social learning. This makes explicit the theory of social choice and interaction implicit in many constructivist compliance studies, and it broadens rationalist arguments about the instrumental and noninstrumental processes through which actors comply. I argue that domestic politics—in particular, institutional and historical contexts—delimit the causal role of persuasion/social learning, thus helping both rationalists and constructivists to refine the scope of their compliance claims. To assess the plausibility of these arguments, I examine why states comply with new citizenship/membership norms promoted by European regional organizations.
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Roy, Shubhangi. "Theory of Social Proof and Legal Compliance: A Socio-Cognitive Explanation for Regulatory (Non) Compliance." German Law Journal 22, no. 2 (March 2021): 238–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2021.5.
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AbstractChallenging the assumption of perfect legal knowledge, this Article employs social psychology to better understand how individuals make decisions about legal compliance under imperfect information conditions. It adapts the informational aspects of “social influence conception of criminal deterrence” to regulatory compliance at large. However, it conceptualizes social influence as more than just “visible deterrence.” Social Psychology helps us to understand who, how many, and what kind of behaviors constitute adequate social proof to guide an individual’s decision on compliance. Additionally, the interaction of social proof and legal compliance is considered within a dynamic framework in relation to specific rules and across the system. Within this framework, compliance/non-compliance cascades across different rules and can create a perception about legal compliance at large, which in turn guides initial expectations with respect to new laws. Over time, this can create high/low compliance equilibriums within which societies operate. Understanding this informational role that social influence plays in legal compliance can further our understanding of what motivates compliance, the potency of the expressive functions of law in societies operating within different compliance equilibriums, and inform policy discussions on how to improve compliance—both voluntary and through sanction/incentives.
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EGGERT, HÅKAN, and RAZACK B. LOKINA. "Regulatory compliance in Lake Victoria fisheries." Environment and Development Economics 15, no. 2 (November 13, 2009): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x09990106.
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ABSTRACTThis paper analyzes the causes for regulatory compliance, using traditional deterrence variables and potential moral and social variables. We use self-reported data from 459 Tanzanian artisanal fishers in Lake Victoria. The results indicate that the decision to be either a non-violator or a violator, as well as the violation rate – if the latter – are influenced by changes in deterrence variables like the probability of detection and punishment and also by legitimacy and social variables. We also identify a small group of fishers who react neither to normative aspects nor to traditional deterrence variables but persistently violate the regulation.
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Zanoli, Raffaele, Danilo Gambelli, Francesco Solfanelli, and Susanne Padel. "Assessing the risk of non-compliance in UK organic agriculture." British Food Journal 116, no. 8 (July 29, 2014): 1369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2012-0262.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of the risk factors influencing non-compliance in UK organic farming. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a formal econometric model of risk analysis to provide empirical evidence on the determinants of non-compliance in organic farming. A panel of data from the archives of the largest control body in the UK for 2007-2009 is used, and specific analyses are performed for two types of non-compliances. A zero inflated count data model is used for the estimation, taking into account the fact that the occurrences of non-compliance are very sparse. Findings – Results show the existence of strong co-dependence of non-compliant behaviours (i.e. the occurrence of major and critical non-compliance increases the probability of occurrence of the minor one; similarly the probability of occurrence of major non-compliance increases when minor non-compliance occur). Besides, livestock production and farm size are relevant risk factors. Research limitations/implications – Albeit highly representative, the findings are based on Soil Association data only and not on all UK organic farms. Practical implications – The paper provides practical indications for control bodies, concerning aspects that could be strengthened for more efficient risk-based inspections. The paper advocates the use of financial information like turnover or capital stock, and of data concerning the characteristics of the farmers, that could substantially improve the probability of detecting the most severe non-compliances. Social implications – Certification is essential for organic farming, and an improvement of inspection procedures through a risk-based approach could add efficiency and effectiveness to the whole organic food system, with obvious advantages for consumers and the society as a whole. Originality/value – This paper provides for the first time empirical evidence concerning the implementation of the organic certification system in the UK.
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KOZHUKHOVA, J. E., and S. I. OVSYANNIKOVA. "STRATEGIC ASPECTS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT OF CORPORATE STAFF." Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 16, no. 3 (2021): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2071-2367-2021-16-3-183-199.
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The main aim of the research is to distinguish scientific approaches to determining the essence of the management of social development of staff and the justification of interrelated management decisions aimed at developing strategic planning and forecasting in the personnel management system based on the principles of social responsibility. The subject of the study is the management system of social development of the personnel of economic entities. Research design is the basis of the theoretical and methodological research was the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists concerning the strategic management of social development of personnel, as well as the concept of corporate social responsibility of business. Research results: the concept of strategic planning for the social development of personnel is presented, a methodological approach to evaluating the effectiveness of personnel management based on the principles of corporate responsibility is proposed, which allows determining the level of employee compliance.
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Yuniarta, Gede Adi, and I. Gusti Ayu Purnamawati. "Spiritual, psychological and social dimensions of taxpayers compliance." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 3 (May 25, 2020): 995–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-03-2020-0045.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyze the role of spiritual, psychological and social dimensions of business taxpayer compliance in micro small and medium enterprises. Tax compliance is an ideal condition for taxpayers who meet tax regulations and report income accurately and honestly. However, the reality in Indonesia shows the voluntary compliance level to the community is still low. This is reflected in the amount of state tax revenue compared to gross domestic product. Design/methodology/approach The location of the study was conducted on taxpayers of micro small and medium enterprises in Bali Province. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data with primary data sources in the form of questionnaires to 100 business taxpayers. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression. Findings The results showed that money ethics (as a psychological dimension) and tax socialization (as a social dimension), did not significantly influence tax compliance. Karma phala (as a spiritual dimension) has a positive and significant effect on business taxpayers’ compliance. When an individual's behavior has reflected commitment in their religion philosophy, it is expected to be a control of deviant behavior and good behavior in taxation obligations. In the future, it will be able to prevent deviations from perversion and universal undesirable. Research limitations/implications Research is only limited to entrepreneurs who are in the micro small and medium business sector, so it is still lacking in representing the public opinions, especially business people in businesses whose scope is wider. In addition, the variables used in this study are still not maximized, one can add more variables, one of which is tax modernization. Originality/value Consideration of spirituality dimension use because it is part of individual character formation in attitude and behavior. The psychological and spiritual dimensions include the human behavior theories development that integrate aspects of spirituality to shape human behavior as a whole with a comprehensive perspective, especially religious philosophy through the enforcement of karma phala laws to realize compliance and fulfillment of tax obligations with full responsibility.
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Lynch-Wood, Gary, and David Williamson. "Unexplored aspects of the social licence for SMEs." Corporate Governance 15, no. 5 (October 5, 2015): 577–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-11-2014-0135.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine social licence in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Social and economic actors can assist in protecting the environment by granting firms a social licence. The social licence is regarded as a regulatory trigger, which some claim can improve organisational practices and possibly induce beyond compliance behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses data from interviews with the owners and managers of 110 manufacturing SMEs. Findings – Social licence pressures are generally weak, while traditional regulation remains essential for encouraging and sustaining environmental activity. That said, the data show important differences across firms, for some SMEs are influenced by and responsive to social licence pressures. Typically, these pressures derive from stakeholders who pursue a relatively narrow self-interest (rather than public interest) mandate, and focus on particular issues rather than broader objectives of environmental responsibility. When responding to pressures, SMEs are likely to take specific and focused actions that address specific stakeholder concerns. Research limitations/implications – Fresh insights are provided into the social licence and smaller firms. Contrary to previous views, there are circumstances where the social licence provides a limited and tailored regulatory tool for initiating change, and it typically leads to firms making alterations to business practices that tend to be low-cost and easy to implement. The social licence can provide a consensual micro-social contract and limited public interest service, and, subject to supporting circumstances, it may be extendable to other types of smaller firms. Social implications – The paper presents fresh insights into the relationship between SMEs and social and economic stakeholders. Originality/value – The paper provides new insights into how relevant stakeholders can influence the environmental behaviour of small firms.
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Rajan, MA Jothi, and M. Arul Sheeba Rani. "Influential ethical aspects of Covid19 in multidimensions." Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2021.08.00248.
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The COVID19 pandemic poses an exceptional challenge for humanity. Because public behavior is key to curbing the pandemic at an early stage, it is important for social psychological researchers to use their knowledge to promote behaviors that help manage the crisis. Here, we identify human values as particularly important in driving both behavioral compliance to government guidelines and promoting prosocial behaviors to alleviate the strains arising from a prolonged pandemic. Existing evidence demonstrates the importance of human values, and the extent to which fellow citizens, for tackling the COVID19 crisis, share them. Individuals who attach higher importance to self‐transcendence (e.g., responsibility) and conservation (e.g., security) values are likely to be more compliant with COVID19 behavioral guidelines and to help others who are struggling with the crisis. Further, believing that fellow citizens share one's values has found to elicit a sense of connectedness that may be crucial in promoting collective efforts to contain the pandemic. The abstract nature of values, and cross-cultural agreement on their importance, suggests that they are ideally suited to developing and tailoring effective, global interventions to combat this pandemic
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Daugareilh, Isabelle. "Employee participation, ethics and corporate social responsibility." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890801400109.
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Employee participation is deemed necessary in the name of good governance and corporate social responsibility. For this reason it forms an essential aspect of legal instruments drafted by international public institutions and aimed at multinational enterprises. Despite this, enterprises clearly prefer to take a unilateral approach in the rules they adopt to implement CSR policies, and an individual approach to employee relations, to the detriment of collective labour relations. CSR thus presents two radically different facets: one of which is favourable to transnational social dialogue, while the other presents firms with an opportunity to regain areas of control over their employees at the expense of public freedoms and fundamental rights. The co-existence of these two aspects of CSR confronts public authorities with the following dilemma: either they allow self-regulation to take its course, and risk seeing violations of international labour law and national legislation, or they intervene in order to ensure compliance with existing international instruments.
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Keszthelyi, S. "Challenging non-compliance." Journal of Medical Ethics 29, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.29.4.257.
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Hofbruckerová, Zdenka, Petra Halfarová, and Andrea Uherková. "Level of compliance with the requirements of corporate social responsibility in Czech enterprises." MATEC Web of Conferences 183 (2018): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818301013.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concept is focused on understanding and managing the impacts a company has on the world around it, and doing so as a part of core business activities. CSR contains three parts: Profit (economical part), People (social aspects - employees and stakeholders) and Planet (environment). The papers deal with basic features, objectives and outputs of CSR concept in practical life of Czech enterprises. The main aim of the research was to define if organizations referring themselves as socially responsible do implement activities of all the three pillars equally and integrate them into their day-to-day activities.
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Koslowsky, Meni, and Joseph Schwarzwald. "THE USE OF POWER TACTICS TO GAIN COMPLIANCE: TESTING ASPECTS OF RAVEN'S (1988) THEORY IN CONFLICTUAL SITUATIONS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 21, no. 2 (January 1, 1993): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1993.21.2.135.
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French and Raven's sixfold taxonomy has been used widely to examine social influence processes. A recent elaboration by Raven (1988a) proposes that the use of power tactics is situationally contingent, depending on availability of alternatives. The present study examined the pattern of power tactic preferences as a function of setting and status. A total of 89 subjects were given scenarios describing an attempt to influence another party. The scenario differed in setting (work vs. school) and status level of the influencing agent (manager or teacher vs. employee or student). Factor analysis indicated that several tactics (reward, coercion, and expertise) are unique whereas other tactics overlap. Findings indicated that higher status individuals as compared to lower status counterparts were perceived as using a greater variety of power tactics to gain compliance in conflict situations. In addition, power tactic patterns were found to be situationally contingent. The findings were discussed in terms of the original sixfold approach and its possible implications for management.
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Olha Osadcha, Olha Pavelko, Joanna Nakonieczny, and Oksana Zinkevych. "Motivational Component of National Corporate Social Responsibility: Funding, Accounting and Reporting Aspects." International Journal of Business and Society 21, no. 3 (April 23, 2021): 1012–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3308.2020.
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The article describes accounting assurance for payroll payment in national company under modern business conditions. The purpose of research is to identify methods for social protection of employees, being the vital element of sustainable business activity. The issues of statutory and accounting regulations for payroll payment and other fringe benefits have been generalized; their alternative solution has been given. Distinguishing features of payments specified in national comparing to international accounting standards have been researched. Practical approaches to funding of motivational component for social protection of personnel in national business company have been analyzed. Considering current requirements of national accounting standards, the improvement in analytical accounting of accruals and payments to employees (compensatory as well as motivational benefits) have been suggested. These ideas will allow us to expand informational capacity of accounting assurance for fringe benefits and their types, monetary evaluation, employee categories etc. All the above mentioned will give the opportunity to control methods of organization and owner’s regulatory compliance of corporate social responsibility.
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Galiano Rus, S., A. Soler Iborte, and Á. López Díaz. "Ethical Aspects of Involuntary Outpatient Treatment." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S455—S456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1655.
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IntroductionInvoluntary outpatient treatment (IOT) is a type of non-voluntary treatment applied in the community, which tries to ensure the therapeutic compliance of patients that have a severe mental illness.In Spain, a specific legal regulation about this matter does not exist; however, it is a fact in clinical practice. The application of IOT is not without controversy, with advocates, who consider it a way of achieving therapeutic compliance, and detractors, who think it is an infringement of the fundamental rights of a person.Objectives/methodologyAn evaluation of the knowledge on IOT in Spain. Analyze the four ethical principles found in this treatment.ResultsThe protection of the patient is encompassed in the principle of beneficence. And how could we combine this with the principle of autonomy? The answer should be individualized and based on a determined disorder. Starting with non-maleficence, we ask if IOT would provoke a rejection so that the patient would distance himself further from the therapeutic environment. As for the principle of justice, the high cost by patients that do not comply with the treatment would be diminished if we are able to have them follow the treatment with higher effectiveness. This would allow a greater number of patients to access these resources.ConclusionsThe proposal of IOT should be preceded by a deliberative process. This process should include a psychiatric diagnosis that includes not only psychiatric aspects, but psychological, familial and social as well. This would compel us to create a personalized design of the therapeutic needs of each patient.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Sierau, Susan, and Philipp Yorck Herzberg. "Conflict Resolution as a Dyadic Mediator: Considering the Partner Perspective on Conflict Resolution." European Journal of Personality 26, no. 3 (May 2012): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.828.
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So far, relationship research has only considered an intrapersonal perspective on links between adult attachment, conflict resolution and relationship satisfaction. This study investigated the mediating effects of partner–reported conflict resolution styles among the attachment dimensions of avoidance and anxiety, and relationship satisfaction in a sample of 207 heterosexual couples. Dyadic and structural aspects of mediation were tested using the Actor–Partner Mediator Model with latent variables. Few significant partner–related meditational pathways were found indicating compensating effects of positive problem solving and compliance. More frequent positive problem solving could improve relationship satisfaction, even when the partner showed higher scores on anxious attachment. In addition, the use of compliance could suppress the negative effects of attachment avoidance on partner's relationship satisfaction. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Pitr, K. "Economic and Social Aspects of Secondary Lymphedema following Treatment of Breast Cancer." Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_12_2_06.
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Introduction The quality of life of female patients who have undergone mentally and physically demanding treatment of cancer is often affected by the emergence of secondary lymphedema. The purpose of our work is to evaluate this complexity not only from an objective but also subjective point of view. Methods Qualitative focusstudy in 18 patients under 60 years of age conducted by way of a structured interview during 2019 at the lymphological workplace. Results The economic burden for patients is on the average CZK 683 per month (about $360 USD per year), the treatment is paid for fully by health insurance companies. Lymphedema is a significant barrier in an occupation, more in women after treatment of the second grade of cancer than the first one. Lymphedema is a bigger obstacle for women with lower education, physically working. Family status does not have a significant effect on the treatment of cancer. Conclusions The study has confirmed the difficulty of treatment ofsecondary lymphedema after the treatment of breast cancer, both from financial and professional points of view. The medical staff should take into account these factors or expand the rehabilitation team and thus ensure better compliance in therapy.
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Yefremova, N. "Marketing aspects of corporate social responsibility in the context of innovative development of business structures." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 66, no. 5 (2020): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2020.05.155.
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In the era of innovations business operation on the principles of socially responsible marketing is becoming more and more important. Socially responsible marketing is the responsibility for business activities to society. In Ukraine, the use of socially responsible marketing is free choice. In foreign countries, socially responsible marketing is a self-regulating norm of doing business. Most foreign companies understand this type of marketing as being honest with the company's mission, values and business principles, compliance with the law, taking into account national and cultural values, as well as socio-political events; responsibility for product consumption, prohibition to associate product consumption with personal or professional success; compliance with codes of practice, rules and norms of behavior, providing product samples. The principles of behavior in the market of large well-known companies from the standpoint of socially responsible marketing are analyzed in this paper in detail. The analysis is carried out on the basis of marketing concepts – traditional, socio-ethical, social, environmental, as well as A. Maslov’s theory of needs, M. Friedman’s theory of corporate selfishness of. There is the need to focus modern domestic management on the business structures management system based on the concept of socially responsible marketing. Its creation will bring the process of business structures management to a qualitatively new level. As an element of strategic management, social responsibility implies obtaining economic, social and environmental performance in the context of corporate sustainability. The introduction of the principles of socially responsible marketing in business entities activities should result in the improvement of its reputation, increase of its image and recognition; should contribute to brand strengthening, new markets entry, increase of innovative activity, consumer confidence, share value and investment opportunities, attraction of new consumers. In addition, it should result in the growth of economic and social efficiency, competitiveness.
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Milicich, Rachael, Teresa Dickinson, Gemma Van Halderen, Thérèse Lalor, and Heather Niven. "Assessing compliance with the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics: A maturity model for continuous improvement1." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 37, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-210805.
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In 2019 the United Nations Statistical Commission (UN STATSCOM) celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary of their adoption of the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (UNFPOS). To mark this milestone and drive further adoption of the principles, a UN STATSCOM Friends of the Chair Group on the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (FoC) was convened to work on selected aspects of implementing the UNFPOS. One aspect the group worked on was development of criteria for assessing compliance with the UNFPOS. The group achieved this by developing a maturity model that both assesses compliance with the UNFPOS and identifies areas for continuous improvement. The Maturity Model was endorsed at the 51st session of the UN STATSCOM in March 2020. Compliance with the UNFPOS signals that official statistics are produced in a trusted apolitical way and that governments and citizens have available valuable and reliable information about their economic, social, environmental and demographic situations. In the era of ‘fake news and alternative facts’, compliance with the globally endorsed ethical, professional and scientific standards and guidelines that make up the UNFPOS builds confidence and trust in official statistics.
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Vento, Gianfranco A., Helen Chiappini, and Giuseppe Lia. "Corporate social responsibility, social and financial performance: The case study of the loan appraisal process of the Rwanda Development Bank." Corporate Ownership and Control 15, no. 3 (2018): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv15i3art4.
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Development banks play an active role in smoothing growth of world’s disadvantaged areas. The social mission of development banks requires that they pay attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and to the social outcome of financing activities. However, like any other financial institution, they must consider the business sustainability and the financial stability over time. Thus, a comprehensive loan appraisal process should include financial and social aspects. Literature does not properly investigate development banks loan appraisal process, thus the aim of this paper is to contribute to this stream of literature, analysing how development banks can include the evaluation of social and environmental variables within their loan appraisal process. For the purpose of the research, we employed a case study of the Rwanda Development Bank (BRD). The BRD loan appraisal process combines the evaluation of typical aspects of corporate social responsibility – like the firms or projects compliance to health and safety regulations or the implementation of the code of ethics including diversity policies – with the evaluation of social and environmental impact, as well with financial aspects. The BRD social impact assessment is also valuable because it follows the criteria of proportionality of loans evaluation, balancing completeness of information with the cost of the assessment.
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McDaniel, Charlotte. "Melding or Meddling: Compliance and Ethics Programs." HEC Forum 19, no. 2 (May 26, 2007): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10730-007-9037-2.
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Shi, Zexin. "Influencing Factors of Taxpayers’ Tax Compliance in the Perspective of Government Governance." Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 4, no. 3 (June 18, 2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v4i3.2189.
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At present, government governance reflects that the new public management plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the social participation of democratic individuals, stimulating the vitality of the society, as well as improving the equal consultation between citizens and governments under the guidance of the governance spirit. Especially in the process of transformation of the industrial society, significant changes have taken place in government governance modes. The government plays important roles in the democratic society to form clear theoretical frameworks in view of their understanding towards the modernization of government governance. With significant development of information technology, existing modes of social and economic developments had transformed in addition to profound social changes. These developments would affect the research on government governance. In the perspective of government governance, it is of great significance to explore its role in the influence towards tax compliance especially under the current system and mechanism to create an excellent tax compliance spirit. From existing research, the main aspects used in measuring government governance are the openness of government affairs, social justice, and individuals’ understanding of the tax law. With existing research, 201 survey questionnaires of the subjects, validity analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and other methods, this study made bold assumptions on the relationship between government governance and tax compliance. The conclusion in which government governance, measured in terms of government affairs, degree of social justice, and personal understanding of the tax law would influence taxpayers’ tax compliance in terms of their consciousness towards tax compliance. At present time, the study of government governance and taxpayers’ tax compliance has practical significance and application value. This study would provide an opportunity for citizens to have a preliminary understanding of overall tax compliance and maintain the spirit of tax compliance from an individual’s subjective consciousness in addition to providing suggestions to improve government governance for promoting tax compliance.
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Quispe Mayuri, Alejandro Alfredo, Edward Wilfredo Gutierrez Anchante, and Leonidas Alejandro Maldonado Bendezú. "Study on the tax culture and compliance with the obligations of the Arenales food market in the city of Ica [Estudio sobre la cultura tributaria y el cumplimiento de obligaciones mercado de abasto arenales de la ciudad de Ica]." Journal of Global Management Sciences 4, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32829/gms.v4i1.216.
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This article deals with the study of the tax culture of the Arenales food market merchants in the city of Ica and how it affects compliance with obligations. The study seeks to strengthen the tax culture; which is understood as the set of values, beliefs and attitudes shared by a social group in relation to taxation, important factors that lead to constant compliance with tax obligations, in addition, it seeks that people assimilate knowledge about the subject matter and understand the importance of your tax responsibilities. It is concluded that the tax culture has a significant impact on the tax obligations of the Arenales food market merchants. In addition, a low level of tax culture is perceived that adversely affects compliance with tax obligations, these aspects occur because there is a deficient knowledge of tax management; where 53.0% state the lack of training. There are also serious deficiencies in relation to tax habits; where 58.9% express that they do not make their timely tax payments. And also a deficient tax awareness, where 50.3% do not issue payment vouchers, aspects that limit compliance with their tax obligations.
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Armina, Armina, and Dwi Kartika Pebriyanti. "Hubungan Kepatuhan Transfusi Darah dan Kelasi Besi dengan Kualitas Hidup Anak Thalasemia." Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi 10, no. 2 (September 18, 2021): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.36565/jab.v10i2.336.
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Children with Thalassemia rely heavily on therapy for the sake of continuity in living life. Specifically, the purpose of this study is: (1) knowing the picture of transfusion compliance and iron class in thalasemia, (2) knowing the picture of the quality of life of thalassemia children, (3) analyzing the relationship of transfusion compliance and iron class with the quality of life of thalasemia children. This research plan will use Crossectional study design. The location of this research will be conducted in hospitals in Jambi. The population of this study is children with Thalasemia using purposive sampling techniques with sample characteristics, namely thalasemia children aged 2-18 years who are treated at. Transfusion and iron grade compliance were measured by questionnaires. Quality of life was measured using a Quality of Life questionnaire based on pediatric PedsQL indicators. Data analysis will be done by Corelation Spearman test. The results showed that there is a relationship between compliance of blood transfusion and iron class with the quality of life of children thalasemia aspects of social function with a value of p 0.000, aspects of emotional function with p value of 0.021 and school function p value of 0.030
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Ansari, Fajri, Yoonjeong Jeong, Indra Putri, and Seong-il Kim. "Sociopsychological Aspects of Butterfly Souvenir Purchasing Behavior at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Indonesia." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 25, 2019): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061789.
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Utilizing butterflies in souvenirs escalates their exploitation, which occurs even with protected species. Visitors affect both tourism sustainability and butterfly populations. Thus, parks must establish visitor management practices to secure tourism, including butterfly-trading activities to provide social and economic benefits, while still maintaining butterfly populations and environmental sustainability. This research examined the relationships between visitors’ motivations, environmental attitudes (deontological status, legal compliance, and political activism), and preference regarding butterfly souvenirs. Data were collected using an on-site survey of 455 respondents at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park in Indonesia and analyzed using factor analysis, correlation, and logistic regression. Results showed that visitors’ motivations were divided into four categories: challenge and freedom, nature appreciation, social relationships, and escape from routine. Visitors showed high deontological status, legal compliance, and political activist attitudes, valued the attributes of butterfly souvenirs highly, and strongly preferred souvenirs with authenticity value. Significant correlations existed among motivation, attitude, and preference for butterfly souvenir attributes. Logistic regression results revealed that with more frequent visits, better souvenir quality, and higher education levels, the possibility of visitors purchasing butterfly souvenirs increased. Prior knowledge regarding regulations prohibiting protected butterfly trading diminished this possibility. This study further discusses how visitors’ sociopsychological information can be used to minimize negative impacts caused by overtourism.
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Fomina, O. O., and N. V. Olentsevych. "The altruism and volunteering: aspects of interconnection in social behaviour." Ukrainian Society 77, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2021.02.167.
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The article dwells upon the study of altruism as a special type of economic behaviour of society. The lack of a well-established approach to determine the role of altruism in economic relations and understand it as a phenomenon of economic behaviour that goes beyond the traditional concept of methodological individualism led to the formation of purpose and subject area of research. The article aims to clarify the economic essence of altruism and establish its impact on the expansion of volunteering in society. The subject of the study is the general principles and forms of altruistic behaviour, their compliance with the postulates of the economic theory of exchange and the impact on the formation of a general model of economic behaviour of society. General scientific research methods – theoretical generalisation, scientific abstraction, statistical observations (processing of secondary statistics), were used to obtain data. The economic essence of the category of altruism in the system of relations of exchange is specified based on systematisation of scientific approaches to the definition of the essence of altruism in economic and social research. It was found that altruism is one of the manifestations of the social type of economic behaviour, which occurs under the influence of social processes, the formation of civil society, increasing social responsibility. The authors defined socio-economic content of the altruistic volunteering as a form of economic behaviour shows its relationship with the charity. The place of Ukraine in the world rating of charity (World Giving Index) was investigated. The World Giving Index and the Human Development Index are compared. The paper reveals the existence of an interconnection between the Index of Charity (Giving Index) and the degree of inequality in the country (income, education, life expectancy) which is considered when determining the Human Development Index. The role of volunteering in the development of Ukrainian society is determined. Paper concludes that it is necessary to improve the state’s economic policy to provide support and expansion of the volunteering positive effect.
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Li, Shuquan, Pei Yang, Xiuyu Wu, Ge Wang, and Meng Fan. "Unpacking the “Black Box”: Understanding the Effect of Social Network Characteristics on Safety Behaviors of Construction Workers." Complexity 2020 (November 17, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8836682.
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How to improve the safety behaviors of construction workers has dogged the realm of construction project management. Previous studies mainly focused on the individual and/or organizational factors shaping safety behaviors, while there is a dearth of research focusing on the effect of individual-organizational nexus (i.e., the network embeddedness of individuals within the organization). Thus, this study employs social network analysis (SNA) and multivariable regression analyses to explore the relationship between the characteristics of social networks of construction workers (i.e., degree, closeness, and betweenness centralities) and their safety behaviors (i.e., safety participation and safety compliance), considering the mediating role of safety communication. The primary data were collected from ten Chinese construction projects. The results include the following three aspects. First, degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality all exert significant positive effects on safety participation. Closeness centrality yields a positive effect on safety compliance in formal networks. Degree centrality has a positive effect on both safety compliance and safety participation, whereas the other two centrality characteristics exhibit no significant effect in informal networks. Second, in formal networks, safety communication plays a partial mediation role between closeness centrality and safety compliance and a full mediation role between degree and closeness centralities and safety participation. Third, in informal networks, safety communication plays a full mediation role between degree centrality and safety compliance and a partial mediation role between degree centrality and safety participation. This study provides new insights for construction project management in achieving improved safety performance via shaping the social network characteristics.
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Bereikienė, Daiva. "Aspects of hazardous waste management legislation in lithuania." Problems of Legality, no. 149 (June 9, 2020): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.149.201725.
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The article analyzes the legal regulation of hazardous waste management in Lithuania and its compliance with regional waste management strategies and legislation. Noteworthy, that in Lithuania, the hazardous waste management policy is based on the EU waste management hierarchy. We can assume that the system of administrative measures applied for the management of hazardous waste: licensing, permits, is appropriate and presupposes the reduction of the negative impact of the generation and management of hazardous waste on human health and the environment. For companies, which operates with hazardous waste management the legislation imposes an obligation to operate in accordance with the general EU environmental principles of precaution and sustainability, technical feasibility and economic viability, protection of resources, and the overall impact on the environment, public health, the economy and the social environment.
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Holm, S. "What is wrong with compliance?" Journal of Medical Ethics 19, no. 2 (June 1, 1993): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.19.2.108.
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Gagné, Learry. "Non-rational compliance with social norms: sincere and hypocritical." Social Science Information 46, no. 3 (September 2007): 445–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018407079726.
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English Jon Elster has suggested that social norm compliance cannot be explained using rational-choice theory alone, as it also involves emotional motivations. We propose to expand on this proposition by adding another extra-rational aspect. According to Pierre Bourdieu, non-rational compliance earns greater group approval than interested compliance. We model this insight by stating that social norms contain an injunction not to comply rationally. The article begins with a study of motivations underlying social norm compliance, including “hypocritical compliance”, or rational compliance disguised as sincere and disinterested. This part is followed by a critique of the “economy of esteem” model. We introduce in the third part the concept of “hypocritical equilibrium”, in which most agents pretend to comply non-rationally while feigning not to notice that most others do the same. This kind of equilibrium is sustained by esteem-seeking and self-deception. The fourth part is an application of our model to dueling norms. We then conclude by looking at alternative models. Our aim is to show that, in social norm compliance, taking motivations seriously can yield explanations that strict rational-choice models cannot produce. French Selon Jon Elster, le conformisme aux normes sociales ne peut pas s’expliquer uniquement par la théorie du choix rationnel, car il met en jeu des motivations de nature émotionnelle. Nous proposons d’aller au delà de cette proposition en y ajoutant un autre aspect en dehors de la rationalité. Pour Pierre Bourdieu, le conformisme non rationnel est mieux accepté par le groupe que le conformisme intéressé. Nous modélisons cette idée en stipulant que les normes sociales contiennent une injonction à ne pas agir de façon rationnelle. L’article commence par une étude des motivations qui sous-tendent le conformisme aux normes sociales, y compris le “conformisme hypocrite”, qui est un conformisme rationnel déguisé en conformisme désintéressé. Nous présentons ensuite une critique du modèle de l’“économie de l’estime”. Dans la troisième partie, nous introduisons le concept d’“équilibre hypocrite”, où la plupart des agents font semblant de se conformer de manière désintéressée tout en ignorant délibérément les comportements semblables d’autrui. Ce genre d’équilibre se maintient par la recherche d’estime et l’illusion sur soi-même. Dans la quatrième partie, nous appliquons notre modèle aux normes régissant le duel, et nous concluons avec un survol de modèles alternatifs. Notre but est de montrer que, dans le champ normatif, prendre les motivations au sérieux peut nous offrir des explications que les modèles rationnels stricts ne peuvent donner.
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Menzel, Paul T. "Paper four: Non-compliance: Fair or free-riding." Health Care Analysis 3, no. 2 (May 1995): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02198213.
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Brezeanu, Petre, Adriana Florina Popa, Daniela Nicoleta Sahlian, Monica Florentina Calopereanu, and Ramona Tatiana Damian. "Study on the fiscal behavior at an international level." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 13, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0053.
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Abstract Apparently, defining fiscal behavior is a relatively easy approach, but in essence, this concept requires the research of several elements, both economic and psychological. The taxpayer is the component of the tax system that reflects the fiscal policy and, implicitly, its changes. Thus, research in the field has shown that two types of behavior can be identified by combining several economic, psychological, religious or cultural factors: fiscal compliance or fiscal non-compliance. The research ideea may be motivated by the growing importance of tax behavior and compliance subject, especially in the current economic situation, when taxation has become a controversy at any time and in any society, regardless of the degree of democracy. Moreover, tax compliance does not refer only to the economic aspects, but also to the behavioral aspects that influence the process of raising public taxes. The econometric study analyzes the fiscal correlation between the public debt and tax variables such as tax revenues from direct and indirect taxes or social contributions, conected to the dynamics of the gross domestic product and the scale of payments balance. The study is conducted for two groups of countries: developed and emerging countries. The purpose of this research is to identify both the impact of tax revenues on direct, indirect taxes and social contributions, and that of the dynamics of gross domestic product and scale of payments balance on public debt, showing how fiscal behavior is influenced by the two groups of countries and what factors contribute to this.
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Lama, S., K. V. Lakshmi, P. M. Shyangwa, and P. Parajuli. "Level of compliance and factors associated with non-compliance to treatment among the mentally ill patients." Health Renaissance 10, no. 2 (July 30, 2012): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i2.6577.
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Background: Mental illnesses are treatable and need medication and other therapies i.e. counseling, psychotherapy etc for the better outcome. Poor adherence to psychiatric medication regimens is a major obstacle to the effective care of persons who have chronic mental illness.Objectives: The study aims to identify the level of compliance and factors associated with non-compliance to treatment regimen.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in psychiatric ward and OPD at B.P.Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan Nepal. A total of 150 patients were included as study samples using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using self developed, pre tested, semi structured Pro forma by interview method.Results: Half of the patients showed average compliance. Thirty seven percentages of patients had good compliance and only 13% showed poor compliance. There was no association between drug compliance and demographic variables (p> 0.05). Drug compliance was significantly associated with factors such as drug related aspects, treatment access related factors, quality of interaction with treating team, family support, attitude towards mental illness and relatives' insight towards mental illness (p<0.05 ).Conclusion: The findings of the study highlighted the various factors such as drug related, social support, and treatment access related factors are influencing the drug compliance among the mentally ill patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v10i2.6577 Health Renaissance 2012; Vol 10 (No.2); 113-117
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Kiconco, Rebecca Isabella, Waliya Gwokyalya, Arthur Sserwanga, and Waswa Balunywa. "Tax compliance behaviour of small business enterprises in Uganda." Journal of Financial Crime 26, no. 4 (October 7, 2019): 1117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-03-2018-0031.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the extent to which the theory of reasoned action (TRA) can be used to explain tax compliance among small business enterprises (SBEs) in Uganda and extends the application and relevance of the theory to a new area of tax compliance. It contributes the TRA, as a predictor of tax compliance in a developing country context. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey targeting different categories of SBEs was carried out using interviewer-administered questionnaires. A sample of 384 SBEs was used in the study. Findings The TRA contributes critical insights on the tax compliance behaviour of small businesses in developing economies. It influences tax compliance behaviour. The study illustrates evidence about the negative attitudes SBEs have on intentions to comply with tax regulations and the extent to which these attitudes influence their compliance behaviour. Subjective norms positively influence tax compliance intentions in a positive manner. Overall, the appearance of these intentions shows a negative effect on tax compliance behaviour. These findings also imply that Uganda Revenue Authority needs to understand the social psychology of taxpayers and tailor these in their policies and efforts to increase compliance. Research limitations/implications The TRA has been used to explain behaviour in numerous situations in psychology. The study used this theory in a new geographical, economic and administrative environment; Uganda. This theory has proved relevant in explaining psychological, sociological and economic behaviour; specifically tax compliance. The TRA was revised to include a new construct of perceived behavioural control, which turned into the theory of planned behaviour. This could not be studied due to time and logistic constraints. Therefore, there is a need to investigate if this revised theory can explain tax compliance behaviour better. Practical implications The paper suggests that tax administration efforts and policies should consider the social-psychology aspects of the taxpayers to improve tax compliance. Originality/value This study adds a new arena of explaining tax compliance from a theory commonly used in psychology to a new setting in finance.
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Klosko, George. "The Natural Basis of Political Obligation." Social Philosophy and Policy 18, no. 1 (2001): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500002806.
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Though questions of political obligation have long been central to liberal political theory, discussion has generally focused on voluntaristic aspects of the individual's relationship to the state, as opposed to other factors through which the state is able to ground compliance with its laws. The individual has been conceptualized as naturally without political ties, whether or not formally in a state of nature, and questions of political obligation have centered on accounting for political bonds.
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Sundström, Agneta, Zahra Ahmadi, and Kristina Mickelsson. "Implementing Social Sustainability for Innovative Industrial Work Environments." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 20, 2019): 3402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123402.
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Industrial companies are in a situation that requires them to reconsider their social sustainability agenda in order to attract new employees. Building upon interviews with CEOs and HR managers in 20 small medium enterprises (SMEs), this study aims to analyze how high-tech companies and industrial engineering companies define and implement social sustainability into business strategies and operations. Data was collected from 20 interviews and secondary information coded for categorical data analysis in SPSS Statistics 22 software. The findings show that although the companies have adopted several kinds of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, social sustainability is still absent from their operational activities and is considered of lower importance than environmental sustainability. Thus, the implementation of social sustainability can be considered symbolic rather substantive. The study also shows differences between the two groups of companies. The high-tech company group pays little attention to social sustainability aspects, instead focusing on product innovation development. While the industrial engineering group has some interest in social sustainability, their focus is primarily on issues linked to health and safety in order to meet increasing demands from supply chain compliance. Neglecting social aspects of sustainability, such as addressing gender equality and diversity, may cause difficulties in attracting a new workforce.
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Foster, Peggy, and Stephanie Hudson. "From compliance to concordance: a challenge for contraceptive prescribers." Health Care Analysis 6, no. 2 (June 1998): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1042(199806)6:2<123::aid-hca267>3.0.co;2-f.
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Foster, Peggy, and Stephanie Hudson. "From compliance to concordance: A challenge for contraceptive prescribers." Health Care Analysis 6, no. 2 (June 1998): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02678118.
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de Beco, Gauthier. "Human Rights Indicators for Assessing State Compliance with International Human Rights." Nordic Journal of International Law 77, no. 1-2 (2008): 23–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/090273508x290681.
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AbstractThis article discusses human rights indicators for assessing state compliance with international human rights. It analyses the use of human rights indicators before treaty bodies, how human rights aspects are to be integrated into these indicators and what conceptual framework must be developed for their establishment. The article also examines the different kinds of data required for human rights indicators, the way in which indicators relating to both civil and political and economic, social and cultural rights could be developed as well as the types of human rights indicators that could be used. The article concludes with how to make human rights indicators a useful instrument for monitoring state compliance with international human rights.
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Chatterjee, J. S. "From compliance to concordance in diabetes." Journal of Medical Ethics 32, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2005.012138.
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Fedorova, A. L., and O. M. Lysenko. "THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL CHARTER STANDARDS OF RIGHT TO HOUSING: UKRAINE’S COMPLIANCE WITH COMMITMENTS." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 143 (2020): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2020.143.1.34-44.
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The article is devoted to the protection of the human right to housing in Ukraine in the context of the analysis of the fulfillment of obligations of Ukraine under the article 31 of the European Social Charter revised. Ukraine accepted the first two paragraphs of Article 31 devoted to the right to housing, avoiding the provision enshrined under third paragraph. Since the time of ratification of the ESC, the fulfillment of these obligations has remained problematic for Ukraine in spite of including the key aspects of the right to housing in the Constitution of Ukraine, detailing in numerous national legal acts. European Committee of Social Rights’ recommendations issued following the consideration of Ukraine reports for different periods, including the latest recommendations in 2020 for 2014-2017 are analyzed in the article. The main problems of bringing Ukrainian legislation into accordance of ESC standards in the sphere of right to housing have been identified and highlighted. By comparing the main comments of the European Committee of Social Rights of different years on the right to housing, authors concluded that the lack of significant progress in the implementation of Committee’s recommendations in Ukraine is associated with many factors, among which the total lack of Ukrainian translation of the decisions and conclusions of the Committee, the lack of understanding of the Committee's interpretation of the right to housing and as a result, delays in the submission of state reports, not providing sufficient information in reports, even statistical (for example, data of the number of homeless people), as well as the lack of an integrated complex understanding of the necessary changes in national legislation and practice for the adequate implementation of the Charter standards.
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Gennari, Francesca. "Women on boards and corporate social responsibility." Corporate Board role duties and composition 12, no. 1-1 (2016): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv12i1c1art3.
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Data by EU Commission show a low representation of women on boards. The scope of this article is to read contemporary and according to a managerial approach the possible causes of this situation: the availability of skills possessed by women to cover top positions, the presence of binding or self-regulatory rules and the corporate culture towards CSR approach. Our research is focused on EU countries, where the gender equality on board is currently matter of attention and regulatory interventions. We conclude that the scarce presence of women in the boardrooms is not ascribable to a scarcity of expertise, but it is associated with a social background and a corporate culture not inspired by corporate global responsibility values. Regulatory interventions may accelerate the consciousness of gender balance on boards, but without companies’ commitment in CSR matters and without a clear vision of corporate global responsibility (including economic, social and environmental aspects), they tend to become additional tasks in the management of corporate compliance risk.
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Migali, A. V., K. A. Kazakova, Yu S. Akoyev, V. M. Studenikin, M. A. Varichkina, and D. Yu Akoyeva. "ON THE SUBJECT OF MEDICAL/SOCIAL ASPECTS OF REHABILITATION FOR VERY-LOW-BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD." Russian Pediatric Journal 20, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2017-20-1-30-35.
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Innovative technologies in the reanimation and intensive therapy permitted to improve the survival of premature infants, including those with extremely low birth weight infants. There are considered various issues of practical medical care for very-low-birth weight infants in the first three years of life. The special attention is given to patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There is briefly presented the own authors’ experience of the observation for premature infants in conditions of a multidisciplinary team care approach. There were described such important aspects of the mentioned category of patients as neurodietology/nutritional rehabilitation, compliance with aseptic environmental conditions, the correction of visual and hearing impairment, treatment of neurological deficit, especially neuropharmacology, treatment of paroxysmal disorders and epilepsy.
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Lopatina, Natalia V. "Library in the Culture of Information Society." Observatory of Culture, no. 5 (October 28, 2015): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2015-0-5-27-31.
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The article deals with the transformations of social institution of library in the information society. High emphasis is placed here on social and humanitarian changes. Formal and informal aspects of social relations as well as the role and status of a librarian are identified. The article considers the compliance between formal legal regulations and informal socio-cultural norms, between actual practices and formal and informal norms. It examines explicit and implicit functions of a library, the conflict between traditional structures and new institutional norms. Roles of a librarian and a reader in the process are revealed.
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Short, Stephanie D. "Review — Patient Compliance, Client Participation and Lay Reskilling: A Review." Health Care Analysis 4, no. 2 (May 1996): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1042(199605)4:2<168::aid-hca164>3.0.co;2-n.
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Scofield, Giles R. "The problem of (non-)compliance: Is it patients or patience?" HEC Forum 7, no. 2-3 (March 1995): 150–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01439241.
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Litor, Lilach. "Regulating corporate social responsibility practices of adopting codes of conduct through criminal law." Public Administration and Policy 24, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-09-2020-0043.
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PurposeThis paper explores different approaches to regulating corporate social responsibility (CSR) patterns of adopting codes of conduct, and discusses the approach that courts should embrace.Design/methodology/approachCase studies from various legal systems will be examined. The paper presents new typology relating to different patterns of the Corporate Social Performance (CSP) model, based on aspects of the CSR pyramid, namely, legislative CSR and ethical CSR. Legislative CSR includes adoption of thin codes which reflect compliance within current legal standards of the criminal code, while ethical CSR includes codes reflecting ethical norms and corporate social citizenship beyond mere compliance. The paper also includes the interplay of different patterns of CSR and three approaches to regulation regarding these patterns.FindingsBoth the Israeli negative CSR regulatory approach and the American legislative CSR regulatory approach present difficulties.Originality/valueThe paper introduces a theory for regulating CSR within criminal law, drawing on the pyramid of CSR. It presents an original discussion of distinct approaches to regulation of corporate liability, while further developing the institutional theory of CSR and the interplay of regulation and CSR. The paper suggests a novel solution regarding the regulation and acceptance of CSR: the granting of protection from criminal liability to corporations who adopt CSR.
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Blanton, Hart, Joel Cooper, Ian Slkurnik, and Joshua Aronson. "When Bad Things Happen to Good Feedback: Exacerbating the Need for Self-Justification with Self-Affirmations." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23, no. 7 (July 1997): 684–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167297237002.
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In numerous self-affirmation studies, Claude Steele and colleagues have demonstrated that self-affirmations reduce the need to justify dissonant behavior even when the affirmation is unrelated to the dissonance-evoking action. However, research has not sufficiently examined the impact of reaffirming self-aspects that are related to the dissonance. The authors argue that relevant affirmations of this sort can make salient the standards that are violated in the course of dissonant behavior; thereby increasing dissonance and the need for self justification. In a laboratory study using the induced-compliance paradigm, it was demonstrated that dissonance can be exacerbated by reaffirming standards that are violated in the course of the dissonant behavior.