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1
Musgrave, Simon, and Julie Bradshaw. "Language and social inclusion." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 37, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.37.3.01mus.
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Social inclusion policy in Australia has largely ignored key issues of communication for linguistic minorities, across communities and with the mainstream community. In the (now disbanded) Social Inclusion Board’s reports (e.g., Social Inclusion Unit, 2009), the emphasis is on the economic aspects of inclusion, while little attention has been paid to questions of language and culture. Assimilatory aspects of policy are foregrounded, and language is mainly mentioned in relation to the provision of classes in English as a Second Language. There is some recognition of linguistic diversity but the implications of this for inclusion and intercultural communication are not developed. Australian society can now be characterised as super-diverse, containing numerous ethnic groups each with multiple and different affiliations. We argue that a social inclusion policy that supports such linguistic and cultural diversity needs an evidence-based approach to the role of language and we evaluate existing policy approaches to linguistic and cultural diversity in Australia to assess whether inclusion is construed primarily in terms of enhancing intercultural communication, or of assimilation to the mainstream.
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Gippert, Jost, and Wolfgang Schulze. "Some Remarks on the Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests." Iran and the Caucasus 11, no. 2 (2007): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338407x265441.
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AbstractThe so-called Caucasian Albanian Palimpsest kept in St. Catherine's Monastery on Mt. Sinai for the first time allows to draw a comprehensive picture of one of the languages (probably the state language) of the third medieval Christian kingdom in Transcaucasia, namely (Caucasian) Albania. The relevant parts of the two palimpsest manuscripts (Sin. N 13 and N 55) covering roughly 120 pages (that is two thirds of the two manuscripts) have been deciphered, interpreted, and translated in the course of an international project running since 2003. The Caucasian Albanian texts comprise a) fragments of a Lectionary, and b) parts of the Gospel of John, written by a different hand in a different style. A number of both text-internal and text-external arguments suggest that the original manuscripts were produced in the 7th century A.D. The analysis of the texts clearly argues in favour of the assumption that the translators relied upon corresponding Old Armenian sources. Nevertheless, it can be shown that the texts in parts deviate from those Old Armenian Bible texts that have survived to our days, so that Georgian, Greek, and Syriac sources must also be taken into account. The readable passages of the two texts furnish us with roughly 8,000 word tokens (some 1,000 lemmatised lexical entries). Hence, the Caucasian Albanian palimpsest gives a considerable insight into the lexicon, grammar, and phonology of its language, which can now safely be identified as an early variant of Udi (East Caucasian, Lezgian). Caucasian Albanian (or Old Udi) differs from present-day Udi in a number of features, including an additional set of palatalised consonants, a more conservative system of local case markers, gender distinction within the set of anaphoric pronouns, and a stronger tendency to construe larger clitic chains. The lexicon is marked for three aspects: a) the preservation of Lezgian terms lost in present-day Udi; b) a set of loans from Armenian and (less prominent) from Georgian; c) loan translations especially from Armenian. The syntax of the texts comes close to that of its sources; however, the texts also exhibit a number of syntactic features alien to both Armenian and Georgian. This suggests that the translators tried to find a balance between the preservation of the original wording of the sources and the necessity to meet the needs of the Caucasian Albanian speaking audience.
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Savundranayagam, Marie Y., and Ellen Bouchard Ryan. "SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION AND AGING." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 28 (March 2008): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190508080112.
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Language plays an important role in defining identities in older adulthood. Both self-perception and others' perceptions of older adults are reflected through language used by older and younger adults (see recent texts: de Bot & Makoni, 2005; Harwood, 2007; Hummert & Nussbaum, 2001; Nussbaum & Coupland, 2004). In this review, we outline key theoretical perspectives on the study of communication with older adults and provide evidence supporting these perspectives within the context of age stereotypes, intergenerational communication, cross-cultural communication, and health care encounters. Given that communication is an interactive process, we discuss how older adults use language and communication to respond to age stereotypes and adaptively cope with age-related losses. We also discuss communication interventions aimed at improving interactions between care providers and older adults, and opportunities that technology brings to enhance communication within and across generations.
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Meyer, Charles F., M. A. K. Halliday, and Ruqaiya Hasan. "Language, Context, and Text: Aspects of Language in a Social-Semiotic Perspective." TESOL Quarterly 21, no. 2 (June 1987): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3586740.
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Kostiuk, Maryna. "ANGLICISMS IN THE FRENCH LANGUAGE: LINGUISTIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS." Advanced Education 5 (June 29, 2018): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.112213.
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Mittler, Peter. "Biological and Social Aspects of Language Development in Twins." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 12, no. 6 (November 12, 2008): 741–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1970.tb07864.x.
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Brick, Billy. "Social Networking Sites and Language Learning." International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jvple.2011070102.
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This article examines a study of seven learners who logged their experiences on the language leaning social networking site Livemocha over a period of three months. The features of the site are described and the likelihood of their future success is considered. The learners were introduced to the Social Networking Site (SNS) and asked to learn a language on the site. They were positive about two aspects of the site: the immediate peer-feedback available and the ability to converse synchronously and asynchronously with native speakers of their target language. However, there was universal criticism of the “word-list” based language learning materials and several participants complained about the regular cyber-flirting they encountered. Other aspects of the site including accessibility, ease of use, syllabus, activities, and relationships with other members are also considered. The potential for integrating some of the features of SNSs for language learning into the Higher Education (HE) curriculum and the implications of this for educators are also discussed.
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Shestopalova, I., and K. Potapenko. "SOCIALIZING ASPECTS OF DISCIPLINE "FOREIGN LANGUAGE"." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Social work, no. 4 (2018): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616-7786.2018/4-1/8.
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The article is devoted to the problem of socialization of an individual in the process of foreign language learning, which is a part of multicultural education and is considered as an important tool for a person's adaptation in a multicultural society. The leading idea of the article is the assertion that foreign language as a discipline has a huge socializing potential, as in the process of a foreign language learning, not only the active development of natural resources, abilities, initiative, independence, take place, but also, assimilation of generally accepted in a society socio- cultural rules and moral norms, which plays a crucial role in the process of socialization is activated. Since the main goal of the educational process in foreign languages is the formation of the very communicative skills, its contribution to the process of socialization of a man is indisputable. In this sense, the following characteristics of the learning process in a foreign language are important: the focus on communication, respect for the identity and culture of other peoples, the focus on social activities, the acquisition of social experience in solving life and social problems, and the creation of its own system of life priorities. The communicative method of teaching foreign languages is based on the fact that the learning process is a model of communication. The learning process in foreign languages is based on the linguistic partnership, creative collaboration, constant motivation of communication, based on a combination of such interconnected factors as activity, creativity, autonomy, individualization, which contribute to the intensification of cognitive and educational processes. That is, organization of training in the form of communication is the main methodological task of a modern teacher of foreign languages. It is this specificity of the discipline "foreign language" that is capable of effective implementing educational socialization, helping to complete the formation of the students' ability to communicate, co- exist and cooperate in the professional activities of people of different ethnic groups, the formation of a rich experience of social and cultural communication, which is a solid base for the involvement of learners to the global values of civilization.
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Mathonsi, N. N. "Aspects of social commitment in oral literature." South African Journal of African Languages 24, no. 1 (January 2004): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2004.10587225.
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Amouzadeh, Mohammad. "Language as social practice." Journal of Language and Politics 7, no. 1 (May 26, 2008): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.7.1.03amo.
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This paper aims to investigate the language used by newspapers in post-revolutionary Iran. More precisely, the paper sets out to analyze how such a language is deployed to represent relevant hegemonic ideologies. The approach adopted for this purpose draws inspiration mainly from critical linguistics, where it is hypothesized that, as far as the pertinent metadiscourse goes, media genres serve to activate and perpetuate social power relations. In keeping with this theoretical stance, the paper argues that socially constructed texts can be said to perform two complementary functions; on the one hand, they shed light on the realities experienced in social life; on the other, they reveal such aspects of those realities as are constructed through the use of language. It is thus in this context that the media language used in the post-revolutionary Iran lends itself to analytical investigation, where the available data reveal the co-existence of three competing discourse processes of ‘Islamization’, ‘Iranian Nationalism’ and ‘Western liberalism’, relating to the third stage development of post-revolutionary Iran.
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Hamilton, Heidi E. "LANGUAGE AND DEMENTIA: SOCIOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 28 (March 2008): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190508080069.
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This review of sociolinguistic aspects of language and dementia focuses on studies that (1) examine naturally occurring language with attention to variation that relates to speakers' cognitive or sociocultural attributes or to dimensions of the communicative context, (2) provide a nuanced understanding of individuals with dementia or contexts of communication that may illuminate sociolinguistic analyses, or (3) call for sociolinguistic investigations to clarify or provide additional evidence for a particular finding outside of linguistics. Structured from the global to the local levels, the review begins with literature that frames the study of language and dementia from the societal or cultural perspective, focusing on public discourse relating to dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Studies that shed light on social activities and physical environments are addressed next as possible influences on the shape of the discourse. Finally, investigations of verbal and nonverbal aspects of discourse produced by and with individuals with dementia are reviewed. Ideas for future research are outlined along with a call for increased cross-disciplinary cooperation among researchers who work at the intersection of language, dementia, and society.
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Ergashev, I. "Social Aspects of Foreign Loan Words in the Uzbek Language." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 10 (October 15, 2019): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/47/38.
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Borghi, A. "Embodied cognition and language comprehension: motor chains and social aspects." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73815-9.
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According to the neural exploitation hypothesis (Gallese, 2008; see also Glenberg, 2008) the linguistic system re-uses the structures and the organization characterizing the motor system. It follows that language comprehension is grounded in the perception, action and emotional systems. I will focus on two aspects which characterize action organization and the relationship between words and action. A major aspect of action organization is its goal derived structure and its hierarchical structuring in motor chains (Fogassi et al., 2005). I will discuss recent evidence on language comprehension showing that language shares with action the goal-directed structure and the motor chain organization. In addition, I will present results showing that the social context in which words are embedded influences the way in which these aspects are encoded. I will conclude that language re-uses and reflects action characteristics, but also modulates and constrains them.
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Singh, Rajendra. "Modern Hindustani and Formal and Social Aspects of Language Contact." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 70 (January 1, 1985): 33–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.70.02sin.
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Askarova, S. A., and А. А. Boltabekova. "APPROACHES OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION BY USING STYLISTIC DEVICES: SOCIAL ASPECTS." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 74, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-2.1728-8940.25.
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The science of society is commonly referred to as sociology. From a scientific standpoint, it investigates social institutions. Social institutions are also studied from a scientific standpoint in literature. As a result, it is regarded as a type of sociology. Sociologists use literature to investigate various elements of social life. The paper discusses broadly debated topics including such as sociology and the literature's deep interrelatedness. The sociology of literature is a subfield of sociology that studies the link between a work of literature and the social framework in which it is produced. Furthermore, the essay examines stylistic techniques and their influence on sociology via literature, providing instances of connections within sociology and literature.
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Mills, J. Elizabeth, Jacqueline Kociubuk, and Kathleen Campana. "Understanding Social Justice Through Practitioners’ Language." International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion (IJIDI) 5, no. 2 (May 6, 2021): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v5i2.34760.
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Researchers have recognized that aspects of social justice are present in library efforts by acknowledging the importance of using library programs and services to promote social justice and the significance of social justice for the LIS field. However, while public libraries have indicated a strong interest in reaching underserved communities, they may not yet possess a thorough understanding of various aspects of social justice, especially the concepts of equity, engagement, and empowerment, despite the increasing focus on social justice’s centrality in the library science field. This work-in-progress study presents a grounded theory analysis of twenty semi-structured interviews that were conducted as part of an existing study with library staff and their community partners (staff who work at organizations with which the libraries partner to offer outreach programs in the community). The analysis explores and unpacks practitioners’ language to demonstrate a complex, multifaceted portrait of how these practitioners describe equity, engagement, and empowerment. These practitioners express both broad and individual approaches to this social justice work in an effort to offer equal treatment to the whole community while also recognizing individual barriers. Moreover, they underscore the importance of a role for the community to play in achieving their own goals and strengthening connections between community members and institutions. This analysis yields a critical semantic foundation of social justice concepts, situated in practitioner understanding and prior research in social justice.
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Javadi, Yaghoob, and Fakhereh Kazemirad. "Usage-based Approaches to Second Language Acquisition: Cognitive and Social Aspects." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 11, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1103.16.
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Usage-based approaches focus on learning language through engaging in the interpersonal communicative and cognitive processes. They consider language as the best accomplishment of our social and cognitive competences which bridges society and cognition. Based on usage-based approaches, language can be learned from language use, by means of social skills and generalizations over usage events in interaction. These approaches actually explore how language learning occurs through language experience. Therefore, usage-based approaches are input-dependent and experience-driven and assume frequency of usage as an inseparable part of language learning which plays an important role in the language production, language comprehension, and also grammaticality of the patterns. While usage-based approaches have been successful in showing how first language is learnt from the input, it is still less clear how these approaches can be made use of in second language learning. The present study provides an overview of the usage-based approaches to second language acquisition and their cognitive and social underpinnings. Firstly, the notion, underlying tenets, and major constructs of usage-based approaches are summarized. Then usage-based linguistics is described in detail. Finally, cognitive and social aspects of usage-based approaches are taken into account.
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Kochetova, M. G. "Social and cultural aspects of language variation: view from the inside." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2015-0-2-192-200.
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Bromley, D. B. "Aspects of written language production over adult life." Psychology and Aging 6, no. 2 (1991): 296–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.6.2.296.
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Poshka, Agim. "HUMANISTIC ASPECTS IN THE LANGUAGE PLANING POLICIES." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 7 (December 10, 2018): 2335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28072335a.
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It is believed that language policies aim to organize, encourage but sometimes even discourage language rights. Although slowly states in the Balkans started to believe that language rights could be used as a tool for creation of social cohesion, there is one aspect of language practice that is ignored but seems to cause quite negative impact, and that is hate speech. This paper investigated modes in which this dangerous tool is harming inter-ethnic and inter-cultural stability in the region. It is a long term interest to the judicial system of every country to limit the negative impact that hate speech has to certain fragile societies. The study also reflects on particular laws that aim to expand the span of freedom of speech and minimize the presence of hate speech in public life. This derogatory behavior can ultimately produce hatred and in some cases even human sacrifices. A definition that is often available in literature regarding hate speech is that “hate speech is an abusive or threatening speech or writing that expresses prejudice against a particular group, especially on the basis of race, religion, or sexual orientation”. In other words the basic concept of using language for solely communicational purpose has switched to use language to insult, intimidate, or threaten a group or an individual and is primarily based on a particular characteristic or disability. In its violent history, Europe has witnessed a considerable number of cases of human rights violations, and recent ones often get the “prefix” of hate speech. Certain domains of public speaking undoubtedly require legal measures and few societies have already designed their legal framework in order to address the issue The conditions have become even more dramatic with the introduction of social media. There are thousands of pages and blogs in which hate speech is expressed publicly. In an article published by the legaldictionary.net it states that with the advent of social media, the issue of offensive and threatening speech has become a global problem”. There are many cases in which hate speech is used as an argument of free speech. The process becomes even more challenging when the officials are expected to draw a line between where free speech ends and hate speech begins. Certain domains of public speaking undoubtedly require legal measures and as a result few societies have designed legal framework in order to address the issue and this study provides different methods and approaches are considered in the process. The study also cites a number of international cases which aim to create a greater picture of these deleterious phenomena and although there are many elements of the ethical and moral dilemma in regards to the freedom of expression it is important that we are aware of the responsibility and the impact we have when using hate speech in any public appearances.
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Poshka, Agim. "HUMANISTIC ASPECTS IN THE LANGUAGE PLANING POLICIES." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 7 (December 10, 2018): 2335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij29082335a.
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It is believed that language policies aim to organize, encourage but sometimes even discourage language rights. Although slowly states in the Balkans started to believe that language rights could be used as a tool for creation of social cohesion, there is one aspect of language practice that is ignored but seems to cause quite negative impact, and that is hate speech. This paper investigated modes in which this dangerous tool is harming inter-ethnic and inter-cultural stability in the region. It is a long term interest to the judicial system of every country to limit the negative impact that hate speech has to certain fragile societies. The study also reflects on particular laws that aim to expand the span of freedom of speech and minimize the presence of hate speech in public life. This derogatory behavior can ultimately produce hatred and in some cases even human sacrifices. A definition that is often available in literature regarding hate speech is that “hate speech is an abusive or threatening speech or writing that expresses prejudice against a particular group, especially on the basis of race, religion, or sexual orientation”. In other words the basic concept of using language for solely communicational purpose has switched to use language to insult, intimidate, or threaten a group or an individual and is primarily based on a particular characteristic or disability. In its violent history, Europe has witnessed a considerable number of cases of human rights violations, and recent ones often get the “prefix” of hate speech. Certain domains of public speaking undoubtedly require legal measures and few societies have already designed their legal framework in order to address the issue The conditions have become even more dramatic with the introduction of social media. There are thousands of pages and blogs in which hate speech is expressed publicly. In an article published by the legaldictionary.net it states that with the advent of social media, the issue of offensive and threatening speech has become a global problem”. There are many cases in which hate speech is used as an argument of free speech. The process becomes even more challenging when the officials are expected to draw a line between where free speech ends and hate speech begins. Certain domains of public speaking undoubtedly require legal measures and as a result few societies have designed legal framework in order to address the issue and this study provides different methods and approaches are considered in the process. The study also cites a number of international cases which aim to create a greater picture of these deleterious phenomena and although there are many elements of the ethical and moral dilemma in regards to the freedom of expression it is important that we are aware of the responsibility and the impact we have when using hate speech in any public appearances.
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McNamara, Tim. "Policy and Social Considerations in Language Assessment." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 18 (March 1998): 304–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003603.
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There has been great recent interest in the social and policy context of language testing and assessment, to the point where it represents perhaps the most significant area of new thought and debate in the field of language testing. The topic has also produced a ferment of activity, reflected in policy statements, special symposia, and special issues of professional journals devoted to aspects of the subject. These discussions have been accompanied by the beginnings of a movement away from the traditional positivist, asocial paradigm for language testing research as traced in Lynch and Hamp-Lyons (1996; Hamp-Lyons and Lynch in press).
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Li, Leon, and Michael Tomasello. "On the Moral Functions of Language." Social Cognition 39, no. 1 (February 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.2021.39.1.99.
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Previous comparisons of language and morality have taken a cognitively internalist (i.e., within-minds) perspective. We take a socially externalist (i.e., between-minds) perspective, viewing both language and morality as forms of social action. During human evolution, social cognitive adaptations for cooperation evolved, including cooperative communication (social acts to mentally coordinate with others for common goals) and social normativity (social acts to regulate cooperative social relationships). As human cooperation scaled up in complexity, cooperative communication and social normativity scaled up as well, leading to the development of culturally elaborated forms of language and morality. Language facilitates all aspects of morality and is even necessary for certain aspects. Humans use language to (1) initiate, (2) preserve, (3) revise, and (4) act on morality in ways such as forming joint commitments, teaching norms, modifying social realities, and engaging in moral reason-giving.
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Markovic, Aleksandra. "Social aspects of ethnic conflicts in Temerin." Sociologija 55, no. 1 (2013): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1301069m.
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Ethnic tensions and conflicts in Temerin, a town located close to the capital of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, have attracted the attention of both the Serbian public and the public of Hungarian national minority in Vojvodina. The paper relates ethnic conflicts in Temerin with non-ethnic social dimensions. Generally, the author tests modernisation theory, as an example of developmentalist theory, as well as interactionist and instrumentalist theories of ethnicity. Particularly, the paper provides corroboration test of the ethnic competition hypothesis, posed by Sarah Belanger and Maurice Pinard, which specifies conditions that transform ethnic competition into ethnic conflict. Finally, the study has revealed that material status has no influence on national intolerance. However, at the level of ethnic groups, the issues of public usage of language and positioning in the labour market are related to the ethnic conflicts in Temerin.
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Khan, Aalia Mehar. "Social aspects of Code-Switching: An analysis of Pakistani Television advertisements." Information Management and Business Review 6, no. 6 (December 30, 2014): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v6i6.1125.
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Code switching is the shift from one language to the other or use of more than one language during conversations or writings. The present research deals with intra-sentential (within one sentence) code switching in the language of television advertisements. To facilitate the socio-linguistic analysis, 12 advertisements of beauty and health care products have been recorded and transcribed from four television channels. The linguistic analysis focuses on the social aspect (gender, geographical background, socioeconomic class, and education) of code switched language in these advertisements. From the analysis and findings, it is concluded the language of advertisements for beauty and health care products reflects a change in linguistic practices and preferences of Pakistani consumers.
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Korbozerova, Nina. "Role of Social and Cultural Aspects in the Formation of Spanish Language." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 37 (2020): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2020.37.02.
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The article deals with the syntactic and semantic structure of a complex sentence in Spanish during the period from the 12th to the 20th century. Are analyzed the evolutionary processes of the conjunctions, relations, the modal-temporal correlation, the positional arrangement of the dependent subordinate component relative to the main one. Are revealed the trends in the development of object, attributive and adverbial models of sentences, as well as quantitative and qualitative changes in the volume of complex sentences. Is analyzed the role of the socio-cultural factor in the evolution of a complex sentence at one or another historical stage of the development of the Spanish language.
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van den Berghe, Rianne, Josje Verhagen, Ora Oudgenoeg-Paz, Sanne van der Ven, and Paul Leseman. "Social Robots for Language Learning: A Review." Review of Educational Research 89, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 259–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0034654318821286.
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In recent years, robots have increasingly been implemented as tutors in both first- and second-language education. The field of robot-assisted language learning (RALL) is developing rapidly. Studies have been published targeting different languages, age groups, and aspects of language and using different robots and methodologies. The present review presents an overview of the results obtained so far in RALL research and discusses the current possibilities and limitations of using social robots for first- and second-language learning. Thirty-three studies in which vocabulary, reading skills, speaking skills, grammar, and sign language were taught are discussed. Beside insights into learning gains attained in RALL situations, these studies raise more general issues regarding students’ motivation and robots’ social behavior in learning situations. This review concludes with directions for future research on the use of social robots in language education.
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Jenks, Christopher Joseph. "Getting acquainted in Skypecasts: aspects of social organization in online chat rooms." International Journal of Applied Linguistics 19, no. 1 (March 2009): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-4192.2009.00211.x.
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Hage, Simone Rocha de Vasconcelos, Fernando Cendes, Maria Augusta Montenegro, Dagma V. Abramides, Catarina A. Guimarães, and Marilisa Mantovani Guerreiro. "Specific language impairment: linguistic and neurobiological aspects." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 64, no. 2a (June 2006): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2006000200001.
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Specific language impairment (SLI) occurs when children present language maturation, at least 12 months behind their chronological age in the absence of sensory or intellectual deficits, pervasive developmental disorders, evident cerebral damage, and adequate social and emotional conditions. The aim of this study was to classify a group of children according to the subtypes of SLI and to correlate clinical manifestations with cortical abnormalities. Seventeen children with SLI were evaluated. Language assessment was based on standardized test (Peabody) and a non-standardized protocol, which included phonological, syntactical, semantical, pragmatical and lexical aspects of language. All children, except one, had abnormal MRI. Thirteen children presented perisylvian polymicrogyria. The MRI findings in the remaining three patients were: right frontal polymicrogyria, bilateral fronto-parietal atrophy, and hypogenesis of corpus callosum with Chiari I. The data show that patients with posterior cortical involvement tended to present milder form of SLI (no sign of articulatory or bucofacial praxis disturbance), while diffuse polymicrogyric perisylvian cortex usually was seen in patients who presented severe clinical manifestation, mainly phonological-syntactic deficit. In conclusion, SLI may be associated with perisylvian polymicrogyria and clinical manifestation may vary according to the extent of cortical anomaly.
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Hummel, Philipp, and Jacob Hörisch. "The hidden power of language." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 187–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-04-2018-0111.
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Purpose Stakeholder theory research identifies changes in language as one possible mechanism to overcome the deficiencies of current accounting practices with regard to social aspects. This study aims to examine the effects of the terms used for specific accounts on company internal decision-making, drawing on the example of “value creation accounting”. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a survey based-experiment to analyze the effects of terms used for specific accounts on decision-making, with a focus on social aspects (in particular expenditures for staff) in cost reduction and expenditure decisions. Findings The findings indicate that wordings, which more closely relate to value creation than to costs, decrease cost reductions and increase the priority ascribed to the social aspect of reducing staff costs in times of financial shortage. The effects of terms used on cost reductions are stronger among female decision makers. Practical implications The analysis suggests that conventional accounting language best suits organizations that aim at incentivizing decision makers to primarily cut costs. By contrast, if an organization follows an approach that puts importance on social aspects in times of financial shortage and on not doing too sharp cost reductions, value creation-oriented language is the more effective approach. Social implications The study suggests that the specific terminology used for accounts should be chosen more carefully and with awareness for the possible effects on cost reduction decisions as well as on social consequences. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of the relevance of language in accounting. It suggests that the terms used for accounts should be chosen purposefully because of their far-reaching potential consequences for stakeholders as well as for the organization.
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Jonušas, Jonas. "Communicational aspects of language, culture and traditions." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 37, no. 1 (March 23, 2015): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2015.05.
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The destructive features of the present time are the intensive processes of globalization including not only material but also the spiritual spheres of human activity and the great migration of people. Therefore the difficulties of expression of communicative aspects of the language, culture and traditions arise. The problem is actual not only in social environment but in the surroundings of specific societies of production or business. To achieve good operation results is possible not only because of the effective management but with the help of the interaction of the mentioned factors (language, culture, traditions) and the estimation of the specific communication aspects as well. The aim of this article is to appraise the language as the most important strategic part of the culture, communication context, and specific aspects of the language usage paying special attention to the traditions and multilingual conditions. The regulations of the main destructive method as the language perception strategy were used for the better understanding of the semantic shade of meaning. The language is important as the unique space of the thinking expression for the deconstruction as the text perception strategy. The use of deconstruction method allowed the exposure of the language semantic shades of meaning. The main ethno-lingual principles were also based upon. The investigation results can be used to organize the study process, to examine the problems of ambivalence and national identity arising from verbal skills, multilingualism types and situations.
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Крилова-Грек, Юлія. "Psycholinguistic Aspects of Humanitarian Component of Cybersecurity." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-1-199-215.
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Introduction. The paper focuses on language means exploited by social engineers in their activities in terms of humanitarian aspects of cybersecurity. The goal of this research is to analyze the methods and techniques employed by social engineers in their malicious activity and its features from a psycholinguistic point of view for further development of counteraction mechanisms.
Methods. To obtain results we used the following methods: primary source analysis, analysis of spoken and written speech and speech products, and intent analysis.
Results. The activity theory has been successfully applied to consider the key features of social engineers’ work. On the base of AT we presented a three-component model which we may consider only in the case of a social engineer’s successful attack (action).
Based on the analysis of the sources, we distinguished the types of spoken and written communication actions (these types correspond to direct and indirect actions), used by social engineers to affect the cognitive processes for retrieving “sensitive data” and confidential information. Besides, we also categorized psychological and language means, which social engineers evidently apply in their activities. We stress that in most cases social engineers’ activities are aimed at a) affecting the person’s emotions and feelings; b) blocking rational and critical thinking; c) manipulating moral and ethic values, and d) using positive incentives that have an interest to a user. Taking into account the abovementioned types of communication, psychological and language means, we systematized and described the general techniques of using oral and written forms of language and technologies: 1) techniques related to the use of spoken speech; 2) techniques related to the use of written speech; 3) techniques related to the use of USB flash drives, applications, and program software.
The findings are applicable for developing a mechanism to counter social engineers’ attacks and contribute to improving the level of cyber literacy.
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Liu, Guijie. "Language Sociality and Its Enlightenment on Foreign Language Teaching." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0908.13.
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Language is a unique tool used to express meaning and exchange ideas while sociality is a basic attribute to it. The language sociality lies in that languages exist in social activities and evolve simultaneously. Cognition of language sociality, to some extent, has an implicit or explicit influence on foreign language teaching (FLT). As one social behavior affected by the environment around, language is interfered with social, cognitional and cultural factors, which is evidently reflected in difficulties in FLT. To apply language sociality into FLT and improve the validity and reliability in the process, the following aspects need to be considered and innovated: the curriculum, process of teaching, quality of teachers, involvement of students as well as research on cultural fusion.
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Aleshinskaya, Evgeniya. "Key Components of Musical Discourse Analysis." Research in Language 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 423–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rela-2013-0007.
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Abstract Musical discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary study which is incomplete without consideration of relevant social, linguistic, psychological, visual, gestural, ritual, technical, historical and musicological aspects. In the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, musical discourse can be interpreted as social practice: it refers to specific means of representing specific aspects of the social (musical) sphere. The article introduces a general view of contemporary musical discourse, and analyses genres from the point of ‘semiosis’, ‘social agents’, ‘social relations’, ‘social context’, and ‘text’. These components of musical discourse analysis, in their various aspects and combinations, should help thoroughly examine the context of contemporary musical art, and determine linguistic features specific to different genres of musical discourse.
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Moreno, Esteban Sánchez. "Collectivize Social Support? Elements for Reconsidering the Social Dimension in the Study of Social Support." Spanish Journal of Psychology 7, no. 2 (November 2004): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600004820.
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Psychological models of mental disorders play an important role in the explanation of psychological deterioration. Researchers from this area usually study several cognitive and behavioral variables to account for the onset and maintenance of depression. However, many authors have detected the need to include a “social dimension” in the explanation of deterioration. In this sense, social support has become a crucial aspect in the study of mental health, and the psychological literature on this topic has generated an intense debate about several facets of the positive impact of social networks on psychological well-being. In this article, the author defends that this increasing centrality of the concept has been accompanied by a psychological reductionism that is making the role of “social aspects” to explain psychological well-being more problematic. Implications of this reductionism are discussed, and an alternative proposal is made to overcome some theoretical and empirical problems related to social support research.
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Fredlund, Tobias, Cedric Linder, and John Airey. "A social semiotic approach to identifying critical aspects." International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies 4, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 302–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlls-01-2015-0005.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a social semiotic approach to analysing objects of learning in terms of their critical aspects. Design/methodology/approach – The design for this paper focuses on how the semiotic resources – including language, equations, and diagrams – that are commonly used in physics teaching realise the critical aspects of a common physics object of learning. A social semiotic approach to the analysis of a canonical text extract from optics is presented to illustrate how critical aspects can be identified. Findings – Implications for university teaching and learning of physics stemming from this social semiotic approach are suggested. Originality/value – Hitherto under-explored similarities between the Variation Theory of Learning, which underpins learning studies, and a social semiotic approach to meaning-making are identified. These similarities are used to propose a new, potentially very powerful approach to identifying critical aspects of objects of learning.
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Wojtasik, Patrycja. "Homosexual language in homosexual novel. Psychological and social aspects of homosexualists’ language based on Michał Witkowski’s "Lubiewo"." Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Językoznawstwo 12 (2016): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/j.2016.12.12.
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HUTH, THORSTEN. "Can Talk Be Inconsequential? Social and Interactional Aspects of Elicited Second-Language Interaction." Modern Language Journal 94, no. 4 (October 4, 2010): 537–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2010.01092.x.
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Hirsch, Richard. "“Powerful Stuff” — Discourse Processing: Social and Cognitive Aspects of Content Development in Conversation." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 15, no. 01 (June 1992): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500002493.
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Biggam, C. P. "Sociolinguistic aspects of Old English colour lexemes." Anglo-Saxon England 24 (December 1995): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100004658.
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This paper presents an experimental attempt to investigate the social contexts of certain Old English vocabulary belonging to a particular semantic field, namely that of colour. Sociolinguistic studies are concerned with language variations between social classes, age groups, the sexes and other social groupings, so it is obvious from the outset that this sort of evidence will be difficult to retrieve from a dead language. However, in the case of this particular semantic field, textual information can often be augmented by comparative evidence from the colour semantics of living languages, and by the theories about colour term acquisition and usage developed by linguists and anthropologists.
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Shin, HyeYeon, and KilYong Lee. "Aspects of language contact and Image on katakana Korean in social networking services." Center for Japanese Studies Chung-ang University 48 (February 28, 2018): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20404/jscau.2018.02.48.49.
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Tabakova, V. S., and I. A. Guseynova. "Sociolinguistic aspects of German “sambo” discourse." Issues of applied linguistics 40 (December 30, 2020): 86–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.40.04.
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The article is devoted to the study of the sociolinguistic aspects of the German-language sambo discourse. The research focuses on the sports space of the discourse of sambo, human communication, social institutions, rituals in sports, and the symbolism of the sports space. Sport is seen as a social phenomenon; the characteristic features of sports discourse, the predestination of the nature of communication in German sports discourse, the role and intentions of participants in sports discourse as the main figures of interaction in the communicative space are determined; the specificity is analyzed and the characteristic features of the intersection of institutional discourses are revealed; we identify and explain the significance, semiotics and scripting in the German-language sports discourse. The main aspects that contribute to the formation of social space, sports communication and that determine the formation of sports space are revealed. Video materials in German and printed publications with German terminology were used as research and analysis material. By analyzing research materials, a complex methodology is needed, namely the use of contextual analysis, discourse analysis and functional analysis of units of German-language special vocabulary.
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Tabakova, V. S., and I. A. Guseynova. "Sociolinguistic aspects of German “sambo” discourse." Issues of applied linguistics 40 (December 30, 2020): 86–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25076/vpl.40.04.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the sociolinguistic aspects of the German-language sambo discourse. The research focuses on the sports space of the discourse of sambo, human communication, social institutions, rituals in sports, and the symbolism of the sports space. Sport is seen as a social phenomenon; the characteristic features of sports discourse, the predestination of the nature of communication in German sports discourse, the role and intentions of participants in sports discourse as the main figures of interaction in the communicative space are determined; the specificity is analyzed and the characteristic features of the intersection of institutional discourses are revealed; we identify and explain the significance, semiotics and scripting in the German-language sports discourse. The main aspects that contribute to the formation of social space, sports communication and that determine the formation of sports space are revealed. Video materials in German and printed publications with German terminology were used as research and analysis material. By analyzing research materials, a complex methodology is needed, namely the use of contextual analysis, discourse analysis and functional analysis of units of German-language special vocabulary.
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Holyk, Snizhana. "OLD AGE AND THE AGEING INDIVIDUAL: SOCIAL AND LINGUISTIC ASPECTS." Odessa Linguistic Journal, no. 12 (2018): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/2312-3192/12/2.
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The article addresses the issues of representation of old age and the ageing individual in the discourse of sociology. The topicality of such works is quite obvious, since with the increase in life expectancy, many academic studies have focused on old age and its new meanings in societies from different perspectives. This predetermines the need for the interdisciplinary analysis of old age and the ageing self. Also, this study closely examines vocabulary units that are used to designate an older person in English. The material for the analysis has been selected from present-day lexicographical sources. We conducted a qualitative study using the analysis of dictionary definitions and defined attitudes and perceptions of ageing and older adults as encoded in language units. The research highlights that as a socio-cultural product, language is influenced by two views on ageing: successful ageing, ignoring the physical dimensions, and that of decline, creating negative stereotypes of ageing, associated with weakening, diseases and dependence of the person. The paper addresses the above questions from the perspective of linguistic ageism, manifested in vocabulary units describing older people as silly, incompetent, eccentric, with outmoded fixed ideas, attitudes or tastes. Viewed in a positive light, ageing individuals are represented in language as experienced people, with wisdom and respect, when old age means transformation and continued self-fulfilment, rather than decline. The findings of the analysis provide implications or further studies of old age in different discourses that will contribute to a deeper understanding of the notion old age in its social and cultural contexts, as well as the concept OLD AGE in general.
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Moreno, Esteban Sánchez, and Ana Barrón López de Roda. "Social Psychology of Mental Health: The Social Structure and Personality Perspective." Spanish Journal of Psychology 6, no. 1 (May 2003): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600005163.
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Previous research has revealed a persistent association between social structure and mental health. However, most researchers have focused only on the psychological and psychosocial aspects of that relationship. The present paper indicates the need to include the social and structural bases of distress in our theoretical models. Starting from a general social and psychological model, our research considered the role of several social, environmental, and structural variables (social position, social stressors, and social integration), psychological factors (self-esteem), and psychosocial variables (perceived social support). The theoretical model was tested working with a group of Spanish participants (N = 401) that covered a range of social positions. The results obtained using structural equation modeling support our model, showing the relevant role played by psychosocial, psychological and social, and structural factors. Implications for theory and intervention are discussed.
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Sharma, Devyani. "Scalar effects of social networks on language variation." Language Variation and Change 29, no. 3 (October 2017): 393–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394517000205.
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AbstractThe role of social networks in language variation has been studied using a wide range of metrics. This study critically examines the effect of different dimensions of networks on different aspects of language variation. Three dimensions of personal network (ethnicity, nationality, diversity) are evaluated in relation to three levels of language structure (phonetic form, accent range, language choice) over three generations of British Asians. The results indicate a scaling of network influences. The two metrics relating to qualities of an individual's ties are more historically and culturally specific, whereas the network metric that relates to the structure of an individual's social world appears to exert a more general effect on accent repertoires across generations. This two-tier typology—network qualities (more culturally contingent) and network structures (more general)—facilitates an integrated understanding of previous studies and a more structured methodology for studying the effect of social networks on language.
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Breen, Michael P. "The Social Context for Language Learning—A Neglected Situation?" Studies in Second Language Acquisition 7, no. 2 (June 1985): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100005337.
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This paper offers an examination of classroom language learning from the perspectives of research and teaching. It addresses two questions: (1) What are the specific contributions of the classroom to the process of language development?; and (2) In what ways might the teacher exploit the social reality of the classroom as a resource for the teaching of language? The paper explores the classroom as a special social situation and identifies certain aspects of classroom language learning that seem to be neglected by current research. It offers also new directions for research and proposals for language teaching deduced from particular social and psychological characteristics of classroom life.
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Amirzhanova, N. "LANGUAGE DICHOTOMY OF LANGUAGE AND WORD STYLISTICS." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 74, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-4.1728-7804.07.
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The study of language as a social phenomenon in its ontological, epistemological, and pragmatic aspects is considered important at a time when language is gaining special applied significance. One of the main directions of modern linguistics is to consider the language phenomenon as a means of communication used not only within the formal system, but also in the social environment. In the theory of communication, along with other types of language variability, there is a need for a systematic, comprehensive study of types of functional stylistics within the above-mentioned areas. Because in order to recognize the true correlation between the types of language activity and social consciousness, to distinguish between language and speech styles formed in accordance with the system of knowledge in the minds of the language personality and the collective, it is necessary to identify the linguistic and cognitive foundations of stylistics and make a new interpretation. This determines the correlation between the cultural-intellectual, communicative-pragmatic potential of the language and the metacognitive abilities of linguists, the linguistic-cognitive foundations of language and speech styles.
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Montrul, Silvina, and Carmen Silva-Corvalán. "THE SOCIAL CONTEXT CONTRIBUTES TO THE INCOMPLETE ACQUISITION OF ASPECTS OF HERITAGE LANGUAGES." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 41, no. 2 (May 2019): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263119000354.
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Anwas, E. Oos Mukhamad, Yuni Sugiarti, Anggraeni Dian Permatasari, Jaka Warsihna, Zulfikri Anas, Leli Alhapip, Heni Waluyo Siswanto, and Rahmi Rivalina. "Social Media Usage for Enhancing English Language Skill." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 14, no. 07 (May 6, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i07.11552.
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One of the obstacles of learning English Language as a Foreign Language is the limitation of practicing media. Social media has many contents and facilities which can be used for practicing English. The aim of this study is to find out students’ intensity of using English-language social media content. The study was conducted by quantitative approach and survey method among the Senior High School students in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data analysis shows that as students’ intensity who used English-language social media content is low. Students’ perception of English skill in reading and writing is good, while students’ perception of listening and speaking is still low. The intensity of using English-language social media content is positively and significantly related to students' perceptions of their ability to speak English including reading, writing, listening and speaking aspects. Hence, social media is needed to be learning media for learning English language as a Foreign Language in Indonesia.