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Journal articles on the topic 'Social aspects of Obesity'
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1
Cassidy, Claire M., Igor de Garine, and Nancy J. Pollock. "Social Aspects of Obesity." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 3, no. 1 (March 1997): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034389.
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Simanenkov, V. I., S. V. Tikhonov, I. G. Ilyashevich, A. V. Ledovay, V. V. Makiyenko, and N. V. Fedorova. "EPIDEMIOLOGY, SOCIAL ASPECTS AND PATHOGENESIS OF OBESITY." HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov 9, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov20179121-27.
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The article presents modern data on epidemiology, risk factors, social aspects, etiology, pathogenesis of obesity, particular attention is paid to the influence of maternal nutrition and child in the perinatal period, genetics and epigenetics, microbiome in the pathogenesis of obesity, physiology and pathophysi- ology of adipose tissue
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Carson, Scott Alan. "Economic Aspects of Obesity." Social Science Journal 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 264–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2013.05.001.
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Grinevich, V. B., E. I. Sas, Yu A. Kravchuk, and O. I. Efimov. "Abdominal obesity: clinical and social aspects of the problem." Obesity and metabolism 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2012): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2012228-32.
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Krushinska, Z. G., T. Yu Yuzvenko, and S. M. Tkach. "Obesity in type 2 diabetic patients: medical and social aspects." Clinical Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/cees-2019-4-36.
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Leskova, Irina V., Natalya V. Mazurina, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Dmitry N. Ermakov, Elena A. Didenko, and Lubov V. Adamskaya. "Social and medical aspects of elderly age: obesity and professional longevity." Obesity and metabolism 14, no. 4 (December 27, 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2017410-15.
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The article raises the problem of the population aging and the expected significant increase in the proportion of the elderly population in Russian in the next 1015 years. Population aging will cause the need to attract additional financial resources for pensions to 1214% of GDP, which is approximately 1.5 1.6 times more than is provided for by the program of the Government of Russia aimed at improving the pension System in the period until 2025. The existing pension system and social security system only partially takes into account the aging process. Mechanisms for adapting the elderly to work have not yet been created, a well-thought-out state policy in this area has yet to be developed. In addition, the aging of the population leads to an increase in the older age groups of the risks of diseases with severe and catastrophic consequences, to prevent and reduce which is the number one task before the social policy of the state for this population group. The costs of medical care and care help are exorbitant in scope for the vast majority of retirees, so the elderly remain virtually defenseless against the risks of old age. It is emphasized that before medicine the task is not simply to increase life expectancy, but to prolong the labor activity of a citizen. The article suggests measures to improve the policy of interaction between state institutions and civil society in overcoming the negative consequences of aging and social adaptation of older persons.
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Kytikova, Oxana Y., Marina V. Antonyuk, Tatyana A. Gvozdenko, and Tatyana Р. Novgorodtseva. "Metabolic aspects of the relationship of asthma and obesity." Obesity and metabolism 15, no. 4 (March 29, 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9578.
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Asthma and obesity are serious medical and social world problems, and their combined course is characterized by a decrease in the quality of life, an increase in the frequency and duration of hospitalization. The present review summarizes the current views on the mechanisms of formation of asthma phenotype combined with obesity, role of leptin and adiponectin imbalance in the development of systemic inflammation in obesity in the pathophysiology of asthma, its interrelations with metabolic syndrome. We present data that shows that syndrome is closely related not only to the debut of asthma, but also to a decrease in its control. Along with obesity, the role of other components of metabolic syndrome, in particular insulin resistance, as a predictor of asthma development is considered. Insulin resistance may be the most likely factor in the relationship between asthma and obesity, independent of other components of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance associated with obesity can lead to disruption of nitric oxide synthesis. We reveal common mechanism of metabolic disorders of nitric oxide and arginine in metabolic syndrome and asthma and show that insulin resistance treatment can be therapeutically useful in patients with asthma in combination with obesity.
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Awasthi, Purnima, Ramesh C. Mishra, and S. K. Singh. "Health-promoting Lifestyle, Illness Control Beliefs and Well-being of the Obese Diabetic Women." Psychology and Developing Societies 30, no. 2 (July 15, 2018): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333618783395.
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The study examines the role of health-promoting lifestyle and illness control beliefs in well-being of obese diabetic women. Measures of illness control belief, health-promoting lifestyle and obesity-related well-being were given to 100 obese diabetic women selected from outdoors of hospitals in Varanasi. Analysis revealed patients’ stronger belief in ‘doctor-control’ and ‘supernatural-control’ than ‘self-control’ of the disease. Nutrition, interpersonal relations, physical activity and stress management were given more importance in health promotion than spiritual growth-related practices. Belief in ‘self-control’ and ‘doctor-control’ of disease was negatively correlated with ‘psychosocial discomfort’, ‘physical discomfort’ and ‘psychosocial impact’ aspects of obesity, whereas ‘supernatural-control’ showed positive relationship with all aspects. All components of ‘health-promoting lifestyle’ were negatively correlated with ‘physical discomfort’, ‘psychosocial discomfort’ and ‘psychosocial impact’ aspects of obesity. Multiple regression analysis brought out ‘self-control’, ‘supernatural-control’, ‘health responsibility’, ‘physical activity’ and ‘stress management’ as significant predictors of ‘well-being’ of the obese diabetic women.
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de Sousa, Pedro Miguel Lopes. "Body-Image and Obesity in Adolescence: A Comparative Study of Social-Demographic, Psychological, and Behavioral Aspects." Spanish Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (November 2008): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600004558.
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In current society, body and beauty's cult emerge as one of the main factors of adolescence. That leads adolescents to be dissatisfied with their own appearance, to psychological maladjustment, and nutritional disorders. This quantitative, exploratory, and cross-sectional research evaluates how adolescents perceive their weight and the prevalence of obesity in a sample of adolescents from the district of Viseu (Portugal). It also attempted to compare the relation of body-image and obesity with sociodemographic (school, sex, age, socioeconomic status, family functioning), psychological (self-concept, depression, school success) and behavioral aspects (physical inactivity). After data analyses, it was verified that the prevalence of obesity was 8.8% but 12.7% considered themselves obese. These adolescents had higher physical inactivity, poorer family functioning, a lower self-concept, and a higher depression index. The really obese adolescents were older and had poorer academic results. Obesity was higher in boys, but girls perceived themselves more as being obese. In conclusion, it is essential to evaluate weight perception in addition to body mass index (BMI), because the main problem could be related not only to being obese, but also to the perception of having a higher than ideal weight.
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Abbots, Emma-Jayne, Karin Eli, and Stanley Ulijaszek. "Toward an Affective Political Ecology of Obesity." Cultural Politics 16, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 346–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8593550.
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This article argues for an affective approach to obesity that destabilizes the conceptual boundaries between the biological and the social aspects of food, eating, and fatness. Its approach foregrounds visceral experience, attends to food both inside and outside the body, and explores how bodies labeled “obese” consume their political, economic, and material environments. This approach is termed affective political ecology. The authors’ aim is to draw attention to how the entanglements between the physiological and social aspects of eating tend to be absented from antiobesity public health rhetoric. By exploring a range of ethnographic examples in high-income countries, they illuminate how such interventions often fail to account for the complex interplays between subjective corporeal experience and political economic relations and contend that overlooking an individual’s visceral relationship with food counterproductively augments social stigma, stresses, and painful emotions. They demonstrate, then, how an approach that draws together political economic and biomedical perspectives better reflects the lived experience of eating. In so doing, the authors aim to indicate how attending to affective political ecologies can further our understanding of the consumption practices of those in precarious and stressful social contexts, and they offer additional insight into how the entanglement of the biological and the social is experienced in everyday life.
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Garrett, Jeremy R., and Leslie Ann McNolty. "Bariatric Surgery and the Social Character of the Obesity Epidemic." American Journal of Bioethics 10, no. 12 (December 16, 2010): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2010.528512.
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Atanasova, Dimitrinka, and Nelya Koteyko. "Obesity frames and counter-frames in British and German online newspapers." Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 21, no. 6 (May 19, 2016): 650–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363459316649764.
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By featuring news articles highlighting certain aspects of obesity and backgrounding others, the media can frame these aspects as especially applicable to how obesity should be understood and addressed. Despite the highest rates in Europe, news reports from Britain and Germany have come under little scholarly scrutiny. In this article, we explore frames and their frequency of use in British and German online newspapers. Our findings reveal a dominant cross-national framing of obesity in terms of ‘self-control’, which places a more pronounced emphasis on individual responsibility than demonstrated by earlier studies and may contribute to a culture of weight bias and stigma. The results also reveal evidence for cross-national efforts to challenge this individualising framing with counter-frames of ‘acceptance’ and ‘coming out’. We argue that this is a positive development, which demonstrates the potential of media frames to function not only as possible contributors to weight bias and stigma but also as mechanisms for countering entrenched social conceptions of obesity.
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Mazurina, Nataliya V., Irina V. Leskova, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Oksana V. Logvinova, Lyubov V. Adamskaya, and Vladimir Ya Krasnikovsky. "Obesity and stress: endocrine and social aspects of the problem in the modern Russian society." Obesity and metabolism 16, no. 4 (March 6, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9975.
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The purpose of the article is to consider stress as one of the etiological factors of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The review discusses both endocrine and social aspects of stress as a syndrome of adaptation to the current situation in Russian society.
It is emphasized that lifestyle factors contributing to the growth of overweight are gaining popularity in the society, and the high incidence of obesity is directly related to the level, quality and lifestyle of a modern man. Constant nervous tension, negative emotions, fear in conditions of abundance of food directly contributes to obesity, which is associated with a large number of other serious diseases.
Chronic hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and chronic hypersecretion of cortisol, if persistence is not a purely physiological condition. Endocrine mechanisms mediating the development of metabolic disorders on the background of chronic stress include activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, changes in eating behavior, hyper-production of glucagon and triglyceride accumulation in visceral fat depots.
Processes and social changes occurring in modern society contribute to the construction of everyday socio-cultural environment characterized by increased stress. Chronic stress in combination with physical inactivity, the result of improper lifestyle of modern people, becomes an effective factor contributing to the spread among the population of Russia not only overweight, but also various forms of obesity.
It is emphasized that at the state level there is an urgent need to adopt and implement effective programs and mechanisms to ensure the population meets modern requirements and environmental standards of healthy food, rationalization of food distribution among the population, the formation of a culture of food consumption, improving the quality of life of the population and the culture of a healthy lifestyle, teaching the population the correct stress-coping behavior.
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Smith, Morgan C. "Obesity as a Social Problem in the United States." Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 10, no. 2 (May 2009): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154409343123.
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Lestari, Endang Dewi, Dwi Hidayah, and Suci Murti Karini. "Social maturity among obese children in Surakarta, Indonesia." Paediatrica Indonesiana 46, no. 4 (October 18, 2016): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi46.4.2006.174-8.
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Background Although it is clear that childhood obesity has asso-ciation with many aspects included social aspect, the social matu-rity aspect on childhood obesity is scarcely found.Objective To examine the prevalence of social maturity and thepossible associated factors among obese children.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from January toFebruary 2005. Twenty percent of elementary schools in every sub-district were randomly selected. All obese children from selectedschools were recruited to the study after obtaining the informedconsent. Criteria of obesity in children was based on BMI e”95 thpercentile according to age and sex. Social maturity was measuredusing Vineland Social Maturity Scale, which consisted of 8 catego-ries, i.e., self-help general, self-help eating, self-help dressing, self-direction, occupation, communication, locomotion, and socializa-tion. Social maturity score was determined using age group. Thetotal score was divided into two categories i.e. immature and ma-ture. Possible associated factors with the social maturity such asgender, maternal education less than 9 years, being held back aclass, and parental guidance by step mother were analyzed usingSPSS 10.0 for Windows.Results There were 158 obese children recruited in the study. Theprevalence of social immaturity was 32.5%. The odds ratio (OR)for parental guidance by single parent or others was 2.32 (95%CI1.01;5.31); OR for intelligence was 3.93 (95%CI 1.42;10.89); ORfor male was 2.41 (95%CI 1.08;5.38) and OR for maternal educa-tion less than 9 years was 1.22 (95%CI 0.61;2.41). Multivariateregression, analysis showed significant association between gen-der (for male OR=2.44; 95%CI 1.06;5.58) and intelligence(OR=3.31; 95%CI 1.12;9.84) with social maturity.Conclusion The prevalence of social maturity in obese children ishigh. The factors associated with social maturity among obese chil-dren are the history of had ever been held back a class and male.Further investigation is needed to find out the understanding ofspecific influence of social maturity in the prevalence of obesity.
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Leskova, Irina, Dmitriy Ermakov, Elena Matushevskaya, and Ol'ga Nishnianidze. "Socio-medical aspects of the normalization of body mass." Obesity and metabolism 13, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2016449-52.
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Increased body mass index (BMI) in today's world has become one of the most common and extremely dangerous to humanity diseases. The expansion of fast food chains, high-calorie food, sedentary lifestyle, stress, accumulation of population in cities – the main causes of overweight. In the twenty-first century, in scientific literature introduced a new term "globesity", reflecting the global nature of global problems. However, studies in recent years, several break this logic: "overweight – obesity – the risk of chronic diseases – the risk of premature death." Often, those with elevated BMI have a greater life expectancy than patients with normal or decreased BMI. The latter causes the appearance of a new term "obesity paradox". Indeed, increased BMI significantly reduces the quality of life, increases the risk of social problems. Persons suffering from increased BMI, harder to find a job and to arrange his personal life. In the United States of America the presence of increased body mass index (BMI) results in a significant rise in the cost of health insurance. Reducing excess weight is completely dependent on patients who need along with medication to live a healthy lifestyle. An important direction of minimize obesity and its consequences seem to be a diet, refusal of personal transport, leisure, vacation travel. American society of specialists in the field of metabolic and bariatric surgery define obesity as a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial neurobehavioral disorder in which the increase of fat in the body contributes to the dysfunction of adipose tissue with the development of threat for physical and psychological health of the metabolic and psychosocial consequences.
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Perdue, Wendy Collins, Alice Ammerman, and Sheila Fleischhacker. "Assessing Competencies for Obesity Prevention and Control." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, S1 (2009): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00390.x.
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Obesity is the result of people consistently consuming more calories than they expend. A complex interaction of social and environmental conditions affects both energy consumption and physical activity levels. These conditions include, but are not limited to the following factors: the availability of affordable and healthy food; price disparities between healthy and less healthy foods; access to or perceived safety of recreation facilities; and the conduciveness of the physical environment to active modes of transportation, such as walking and biking. As outlined in the “Assessing Laws and Legal Authorities for Obesity Prevention and Control” paper in this supplement issue, laws and government policies in the United States influence nearly all of these social and environmental factors.
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Marcellini, F., C. Giuli, R. Papa, G. Tirabassi, E. Faloia, M. Boscaro, A. Polito, D. Ciarapica, M. Zaccaria, and E. Mocchegiani. "OBESITY AND BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) IN RELATION TO LIFE-STYLE AND PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 49 (January 2009): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2009.09.029.
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Stefánsdóttir, Ástríður. "Three positions on the fat body: Evaluating the ethical shortcomings of the obesity discourse." Clinical Ethics 15, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750920903455.
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This article raises serious ethical concerns regarding the medical discourse on obesity. It offers a description of three alternate positions on the fat body: the scientific approach dominant within medicine, the critical view mainly raised by social scientists, and the voices of fat people themselves. By viewing and comparing the perspectives these positions reveal, it is possible to underline the complexity of the problem labeled as the “obesity epidemic” and draw attention to serious ethical concerns in the mainstream medical discussion. Medicalization of fat people narrows the focus on the “obesity epidemic” where it is framed as private and personal rather than social and political. It is also argued that the hegemonic discourse of medicine omits the social embeddedness of fat people and ignores their own voices and narratives. This undermines the well-being of fat people and hides their humanity as well.
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Mulvaney-Day, N., and C. A. Womack. "Obesity, Identity and Community: Leveraging Social Networks for Behavior Change in Public Health." Public Health Ethics 2, no. 3 (September 10, 2009): 250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/php022.
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Doherty, Anne M. "Psychiatric aspects of diabetes mellitus." BJPsych Advances 21, no. 6 (November 2015): 407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.114.013532.
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SummaryDiabetes is an increasingly common health problem, especially in the West, where there is an emerging epidemic of type 2 diabetes, closely related to the epidemic of obesity. Many people with diabetes struggle to optimise their diabetes control, often because they also have mental illnesses or psychological and social problems. Poor diabetes control has significant consequences for the individual, and if not addressed will result in complications that include blindness, kidney failure and even amputations. There are also consequences for health services resulting from increased admissions and emergency department presentations with diabetes-related difficulties. In the long-term, the costs associated with complications such as renal failure and amputation are high. Addressing the psychiatric and psychological barriers to good glucose control can help reduce the burden of diabetes and its complications on both the individual and the health service.
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Leskova, Irina V., Ekaterina V. Ershova, Elena A. Nikitina, Vladimir Ya Krasnikovsky, Yulia A. Ershova, and Lyubov V. Adamskaya. "Obesity in Russia: modern view in the light of a social problems." Obesity and metabolism 16, no. 1 (June 20, 2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet9988.
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The purpose of the article is to highlight the social aspects of stress as a syndrome of adaptation to the current situation in Russian society in order to justify the consideration of society as a factor contributing to the development and spread of overweight and obesity among the Russian population.
The problem of the conditions and quality of everyday life of a significant part of the population of our country is raised, which are accompanied by an increased stress level of everyday life events. A modern Russian society, possessing an immanently inherent systemic quality - a stressful property, combined with the specificity of a hypodynamic lifestyle, is a powerful and systemically active factor that provokes the development and spread of obesity and overweight. The stress factors of modern society, generated by the disorder and non-complementarity of the work of social institutions, instability in the economic and political spheres are analyzed. Food family traditions, food paradigm, leisure activity of Russians are studied. The irrationality of the use of food by mankind is discussed. The proposed measures to combat and prevent obesity.
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Huang, Terry T.-K., and Mary N. Horlick. "Trends in Childhood Obesity Research: A Brief Analysis of NIH-Supported Efforts." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 35, no. 1 (2007): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2007.00119.x.
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Childhood obesity continues to rise in the United States, with now over 17% of children and adolescents considered overweight. Childhood obesity predisposes an entire generation to increased risk of chronic diseases and disabilities and is a severe threat to the economic well-being of the nation. At first thought, the solution to the obesity epidemic may seem simple: encourage people to eat less and exercise more. However, the reality is that behavioral change is difficult to achieve without also considering the interplay of genetics, biological processes, and social and environmental mechanisms. As such, investment in obesity research has been considered an important tool to combat obesity and obesity-related diseases. Childhood obesity research, in particular, has drawn considerable attention, given the lower cost of prevention relative to treatment and the high potential for long-term benefits at a population level.
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Dicker, Dror, Silvia Bettini, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Gema Frühbeck, Rachel Golan, Gijs Goossens, Jason Halford, et al. "Obesity and COVID-19: The Two Sides of the Coin." Obesity Facts 13, no. 4 (2020): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000510005.
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The World Health Organization declared COVID-19, the infectious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a pandemic on March 12, 2020. COVID-19 is causing massive health problems and economic suffering around the world. The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) promptly recognised the impact that the outbreak could have on people with obesity. On one side, emerging data suggest that obesity represents a risk factor for a more serious and complicated course of COVID-19 in adults. On the other side, the health emergency caused by the outbreak diverts attention from the prevention and care of non-communicable chronic diseases to communicable diseases. This might be particularly true for obesity, a chronic and relapsing disease frequently neglected and linked to significant bias and stigmatization. The Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF) of EASO contributes in this paper to highlighting the key aspects of these two sides of the coin and suggests some specific actions.
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Talaminos, Alejandro, and Laura M. Roa Romero. "Dynamic Analysis of the Possible Effects of Leptin in Some Metabolic Disorders in Obesity." International Journal of Systems Biology and Biomedical Technologies 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsbbt.2012100101.
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Obesity and metabolic syndrome represent an increasing epidemiological challenge for society given the associated social and health implications. Obesity is related to different metabolic disorders, like diabetes mellitus type 2, which has been subject to study in the last decades. Nowadays, most of the related research focuses on endocrine aspects, especially related to adipose tissue. This is due to the fact that some adipocytokines are proven to be of great relevance as therapeutic agents both for obesity and mellitus type 2 diabetes. This work integrates some aspects of the knowledge generated under these research studies. In this context, it is proposed the design and development of a computational model that provides a better dynamic view of the existing interactions between endocrine aspects of the adipose tissue and glucose control mechanisms in people with obesity. The model behaves as an observer that estimates the dynamics of internal state variables, not easy to be measured in the clinical practice, and which helps to understand the dynamic behaviour of measurable variables. The work analyses the effects of the external energy intake and exercises over the obesity control and glycemia. The model has been validated by using other authors’ data. Predictions of the influence over the measurable variables of the behaviours considered when the virtual patient follows different diets and physical exercise are shown as results.
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McLennan, Amy K., and Stanley J. Ulijaszek. "Obesity emergence in the Pacific islands: why understanding colonial history and social change is important." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 8 (August 29, 2014): 1499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001400175x.
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AbstractObjectiveBetween 1980 and 2008, two Pacific island nations – Nauru and the Cook Islands – experienced the fastest rates of increasing BMI in the world. Rates were over four times higher than the mean global BMI increase. The aim of the present paper is to examine why these populations have been so prone to obesity increases in recent times.DesignThree explanatory frames that apply to both countries are presented: (i) geographic isolation and genetic predisposition; (ii) small population and low food production capacity; and (iii) social change under colonial influence. These are compared with social changes documented by anthropologists during the colonial and post-colonial periods.SettingNauru and the Cook Islands.ResultsWhile islands are isolated, islanders are interconnected. Similarly, islands are small, but land use is socially determined. While obesity affects individuals, islanders are interdependent. New social values, which were rapidly propagated through institutions such as the colonial system of education and the cash economy, are today reflected in all aspects of islander life, including diet. Such historical social changes may predispose societies to obesity.ConclusionsColonial processes may have put in place the conditions for subsequent rapidly escalating obesity. Of the three frameworks discussed, social change under colonial influence is not immutable to further change in the future and could take place rapidly. In theorising obesity emergence in the Pacific islands, there is a need to incorporate the idea of obesity being a product of interdependence and interconnectedness, rather than independence and individual choice.
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Falit, Ben. "Fast Food Fighters Fall Flat: Plaintiffs Fail to Establish that McDonalds should be Liable for Obesity-related Illnesses." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 31, no. 4 (2003): 725–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2003.tb00140.x.
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This nation’s obesity epidemic is hardly a laughing matter. Approximately 300,000 Americans die from obesity-related causes each year, and without corrective measures, obesity may soon be responsible for as many deaths as cigarette smoking. Sixty-one percent of adults are overweight or obese, and the cost of obesity for the year 2000 was estimated to be 117 billion dollars.In Pelman v. McDmalds, a case decided in September 2003, a federal judge dismissed an amended complaint that attempted to hold McDonalds liable for its customers’ obesity-related illnesses. While many argue that such litigation is frivolous and that the plaintiffs did not deserve direct compensation for their injuries, the debate has largely overlooked the important question raised by these cases - who should pay for the enormous financial strain that obesity places on America’s health care system? Although the courtroom may not be the appropriate forum to deal with this issue, the litigation has undoubtedly brought a great deal of much-needed attention to a vexatious social problem.
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Ashe, Marice, Gary Bennett, Christina Economos, Elizabeth Goodman, Joe Schilling, Lisa Quintiliani, Sara Rosenbaum, Jeff Vincent, and Aviva Must. "Assessing Coordination of Legal-Based Efforts across Jurisdictions and Sectors for Obesity Prevention and Control." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, S1 (2009): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00391.x.
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America’s increasing obesity problem requires federal, state, and local lawyers, policymakers, and public health practitioners to consider legal strategies to encourage healthy eating and physical activity. The complexity of the legal landscape as it affects obesity requires an analysis of coordination across multiple sectors and disciplines. Government jurisdictions can be viewed “vertically,” including the local, state, tribal, and federal levels, or “horizontally” as agencies or branches of government at the same vertical level. Inspired by the successful tobacco control movement, obesity prevention advocates seek comprehensive strategies to “normalize” healthy behaviors by creating environmental and legal changes that ensure healthy choices are the default or easy choices. With many competing demands on diminishing municipal budgets, strategic coordination both vertically and horizontally is essential to foster the environmental and social changes needed to reverse the obesity epidemic.
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Sullivan, Samaah M., Edward S. Peters, Edward J. Trapido, Evrim Oral, Richard A. Scribner, and Ariane L. Rung. "Neighborhood Environment Measurements and Anthropometric Indicators of Obesity: Results From the Women and Their Children’s Health (WaTCH) Study." Environment and Behavior 50, no. 9 (August 20, 2017): 1032–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916517726827.
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We compared geographic information system (GIS)- and Census-based approaches for measuring the physical and social neighborhood environment at the census tract-level versus an audit approach on associations with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Data were used from the 2012-2014 Women and Their Children’s Health (WaTCH) Study ( n = 940). Generalized linear models were used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for BMI (≥30 kg/m2), WC (>88 cm), and WHR (>0.85). Using an audit approach, more adverse neighborhood characteristics were associated with a higher odds of WC (OR: 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.05, 1.15]) and WHR (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: [1.05, 1.14]) after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, income, and oil spill exposure. There were no significant associations between GIS- and Census-based measures with obesity in adjusted models. Quality aspects of the neighborhood environment captured by audits at the individual-level may be more relevant to obesity than physical or social aspects at the census tract-level.
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Kniess, Johannes. "Obesity, paternalism and fairness." Journal of Medical Ethics 41, no. 11 (August 17, 2015): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2014-102537.
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Wilkinson, Timothy M. "Obesity, equity and choice." Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-104848.
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Obesity is often considered a public health crisis in rich countries that might be alleviated by preventive regulations such as a sugar tax or limiting the density of fast food outlets. This paper evaluates these regulations from the point of view of equity. Obesity is in many countries correlated with socioeconomic status and some believe that preventive regulations would reduce inequity. The puzzle is this: how could policies that reduce the options of the badly off be more equitable? Suppose we distinguish: (1) the badly off have poor options from (2) the badly off are poor at choosing between their options (ie, have a choosing problem). If obesity is due to a poverty of options, it would be perverse to reduce them further. Some people in public health say that preventive regulations do not reduce options but, I shall argue, they are largely wrong. So the equity case for regulations depends on the worst off having a choosing problem. It also depends on their having a choosing problem that makes their choices against their interests. Perhaps they do. I ask, briefly, what the evidence has to say about whether the badly off choose against their interests. The evidence is thin but implies that introducing preventive regulations for the sake of equity would be at least premature.
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Oliveira, Deíse Moura de, Miriam Aparecida Barbosa Merighi, and Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus. "The decision of an obese woman to have bariatric surgery: the social phenomenology." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 48, no. 6 (December 2014): 970–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-623420140000700002.
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Objective To understand the process by which an obese woman decides to have bariatric surgery. Method A qualitative survey with a social phenomenology approach, carried out in 2012, with 12 women, using the phenomenological interview. Results A woman bases the decision to have the surgery on: the inappropriateness of her eating habits; a physical appearance that is incompatible with an appearance that is standardized by society; the social prejudice that she has to live with; the limitations imposed by obesity; and her lack of success with previous attempts to lose weight. Outcomes that she hopes for from the decision to have the surgery include: restoring her health; achieving social inclusion; and entering the labor market. Conclusion This study allows one to reflect that prescriptive actions do not give a satisfactory response to a complexity of the subjective questions involved in the decision to have surgery for obesity. For this, what is called for is a program of work based on an interdisciplinary approach, and training that gives value to the bio-psycho-social aspects involved in a decision in favor of surgical treatment.
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Nguyen, Tu, Patrice Ngangue, Tarek Bouhali, Bridget Ryan, Moira Stewart, and Martin Fortin. "Social Vulnerability in Patients with Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7 (April 8, 2019): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071244.
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Background: Social aspects play an important role in individual health and should be taken into consideration in the long-term care for people with multimorbidity. Purposes: To describe social vulnerability, to examine its correlation with the number of chronic conditions, and to investigate which chronic conditions were significantly associated with the most socially vulnerable state in patients with multimorbidity. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis from the baseline data of the Patient-Centred Innovations for Persons with Multimorbidity (PACEinMM) Study. Participants were patients attending primary healthcare settings in Quebec, Canada. A social vulnerability index was applied to identify social vulnerability level. The index value ranges from 0 to 1 (1 as the most vulnerable). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated for the correlation between the social vulnerability index and the number of chronic conditions. Logistic regression was applied to investigate which chronic conditions were independently associated with the most socially vulnerable state. Results: There were 301 participants, mean age 61.0 ± 10.5, 53.2% female. The mean number of chronic health conditions was 5.01 ± 1.82, with the most common being hyperlipidemia (78.1%), hypertension (69.4%), and obesity (54.2%). The social vulnerability index had a median value of 0.13 (range 0.00–0.78). There was a positive correlation between the social vulnerability index and the number of chronic conditions (r = 0.24, p < 0.001). Obesity, depression/anxiety, and cardiovascular diseases were significantly associated with the most socially vulnerable patients with multimorbidity. Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between social vulnerability and the total number of chronic conditions, with depression/anxiety, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases being the most related to social vulnerability.
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Soares, Carla Dos Santos, Iraci Dos Santos, and Lina Márcia Miguéis Berardinelli. "Obesity as a social problem: identifying guidance needs of nursing for self-care." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 4, no. 1 (December 23, 2009): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.520-5592-3-le.0401201003.
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ABSTRACTObjective: to identify socioeconomic characteristics of clients in outpatient treatment for coronary artery disease, linking them to the risk factors for obesity. Method: this is about a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The sample was composed of 30 clients. The research technique was the individual interview in 2009 in Rio de Janeiro. The data were organized by the program Excel, with statistical analysis using the Crosstab. This work was approved by the Protocol 223328 of the Ethics’s Committee of the University Hospital Pedro Ernesto of Rio de Janeiro University. Results: abdominal obesity was prevalent in 93.3% of customers. Of the total, 43% had three or more associated cardiovascular risk factors, while 66.7% are sedentary. Needs found for self-care were: physical perceptions, psychological, personal and environmental. Conclusion: the emotional and behavioral aspects still resistant to change for the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Institutionalize outpatient nursing appointment, adopting a sensitive listening is a strategy that promotes self-care of people. Descriptors: obesity; socioeconomic status; self-care; nursing. RESUMOObjetivo: identificar características socioeconômicas de clientes, em tratamento ambulatorial para doença arterial coronariana, associando-as aos fatores de risco para obesidade. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo. A amostra intencional foi composta por 30 clientes. A técnica de pesquisa foi a entrevista individual em 2009, no Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram organizados pelo programa Excel, com análise estatística através do Crosstab. Este trabalho foi aprovado pelo Protocolo nº 223328 do Comitê de Ética do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: a obesidade abdominal foi prevalente em 93,3% dos clientes. Do total, 43% apresentavam três ou mais fatores de risco cardiovasculares associados, enquanto 66,7% são sedentários. As necessidades encontradas para o autocuidado foram: percepções físicas, psicológicas, relacionamento pessoal e ambiental. Conclusão: o desequilíbrio emocional e os aspectos comportamentais ainda resistentes às mudanças para adoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis. Institucionalizar a consulta de enfermagem ambulatorial, adotando a escuta sensível é uma estratégia promotora do autocuidado das pessoas. Descritores: obesidade; condições socioeconômicas; autocuidado; enfermagem. RESUMENObjetivo: identificar las características socioeconómicas de los enfermos en tratamiento ambulatorio para la enfermedad de la arteria coronaria, su vinculación a los factores de riesgo para la obesidad. Métodos: transversal, retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por treinta personas. La técnica de la investigación fue la entrevista individual en 2009 en Río de Janeiro-Brasil. Los datos fueron organizados por el programa Excel, con el análisis estadístico utilizando la tabla de referencias cruzadas. Este estudio fue aprobado por el Protocolo de 223328 por el Comité de Ética del Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto da Universidad do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Resultados: La obesidad abdominal fue predominante en el 93,3% de los sujetos del estudio. Del total, 43% tuvieron tres o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados, mientras que el 66,7% son sedentarios. Necesidades cubiertas para auto-cuidado son: la percepción de bienestar físico, psicológico, personal y ambiental. Conclusión: el desequilibrio emocional y los aspectos de comportamiento aún resistentes a los cambios para adoptar hábitos de vida saludables. Institucionalizar la consulta de enfermería hospitalaria, adoptando la escucha sensible es una estrategia promotora del auto-cuidado de las personas. Descriptores: obesidad; socioeconómico; auto-cuidado; enfermería.
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Miachina, Olga V., Sergei N. Puzin, Alexander N. Pashkov, and Dmitry I. Esaulenko. "Medico-social aspects of invalidity and morbidity in children population with endocrine system diseases." Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation 23, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/mser34841.
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Investigation realized in Voronezh found that the level of general disability was 11.09 0.56 per 1000 children, and the level of first-time disability was 1.38 0.18 per 1000 children, which is lower than in Russia as a whole. In the age structure of disability persons from 5 to 9 years old are dominated, and by gender trait boys. Primary morbidity level in children is higher than in adolescents: 1407.68 86.60 and 1281.33 162.25 per 1000 children, respectively. According to the primary morbidity level, 15 ranking places were allocated. Endocrine system diseases occupy 12 and 9 rank places in children and adolescents, respectively. Prevalence of endocrine system diseases was 4.32 0.78 and 14.94 2.71 per 1000 children in this age group. There is an increase in endocrine pathology by 3.5 times with age. It was investigated that children and adolescents suffering from endocrine system diseases (type 1 diabetes, AIT, obesity) are characterized by adaptation processes decrease, regulatory mechanisms imbalance and energy disorders (p 0.05 compared to the control group of healthy individuals), which is detected by bioelectrography of exhaled air condensate. The obtained data can be used in preparation of complex programs for prevention of morbidity and disability of children and medical and social rehabilitation of disabled children in Voronezh and in other territories.
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Economos, Christina D., and Sonya Irish-Hauser. "Community Interventions: A Brief Overview and Their Application to the Obesity Epidemic." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 35, no. 1 (2007): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2007.00117.x.
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Defining community from a research perspective is difficult. Communities consist of environmental, social, and geographic components. In addition, race, ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES), and group memberships often play roles in community identity. Barry Wellman and Scot Wortley urge that to truly understand and influence a community, and most certainly to conduct research within communities, one must take into account the varied nature of relationships and networks and how they may work together synergistically to meet the needs of community members. Using the Social Ecological Model, with its delineation of multiple spheres of influence (individual-interpersonal-organizational-community-public policy), community-based research has attempted to reach this understanding. Although dramatic shifts have not yet been realized, many studies suggest improved health behaviors and healthy environments, which indicate a promising future for community intervention work. The discussion that follows reviews the theory and rationale for community-based interventions, the socialecological approach to understanding and studying obesity, and the progress and promise of community interventions.
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Hunter, Alicia S. "Weight of the Nation — Moving Forward, Reversing the Trend." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 41, S2 (2013): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12103.
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Weight of the Nation (WON) is a national forum for obesity prevention leaders who are “game changers” — those who are leading the field of innovative obesity prevention practice — to provide opportunities to expand and advance evidence-based and emerging solutions to the epidemic and brainstorm on collaborative efforts to apply these solutions in settings that reach individuals across the lifespan. WON is hosted by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO). WON is unique for its conference style which focuses participants on population-level approaches that can be implemented in select settings and sectors and in its use of social media and long-distance training to increase participation and information dissemination.
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Bulavko, Iana E., Yuri P. Uspenskiy, Yuri S. Aleksandrovich, Vitaliy A. Reznik, and Aleksandr E. Filimonov. "Formation of metabolic syndrome in childhood: theoretical and clinical aspects." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 10, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped10467-78.
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According to statistical data the number of the children with obesity steady grows every year. In this regard the attention to a problem of metabolic syndrome (MS) has to be paid at the first stages of its formation, since early childrenʼs age, for the further preventive measures of development of cardiovascular diseases. The special contribution to the development of MS on geniture is made by fetal programming. Metabolic changes in mother are associated with the development of gestosis which makes a negative impact on the motherfetoplacentary complexfetus system, and with increase of frequency and severity of perinatal pathology which demand urgent resuscitation actions. In childhood, syndromes that are part of the MS are gradually and often asymptomatic. One of the first components of MS developing is obesity, at the age of 10 hypertension joins, in the pubertal period impaired glucose tolerance. Dyslipidemia can occur at any age, including debuting only in adulthood. In addition, the components of the syndrome significantly limit the vital activity and reduce the social activity of children, thus worsening the general and mental state, reducing the quality of life. In children with MS anesthetic management has a set of features, both in organizational aspects and in the management of patients in conditions of increased risk of complications. Thus, early detection of children suffering from MS, primary and secondary preventive measures will allow to prevent or delay the manifestation of cardiovascular diseases, their transformation into chronic nosological forms, as well as improve the course and prognosis of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
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Brown, Rebecca C. H. "Irresponsibly Infertile? Obesity, Efficiency, and Exclusion from Treatment." Health Care Analysis 27, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10728-019-00366-w.
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Kosygina, A. V. "Adipotsitokiny v nauchnoy i klinicheskoy praktike." Obesity and metabolism 8, no. 1 (March 15, 2011): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2071-8713-5189.
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In recent decades, overweight and obesity have become a major problem for most countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than a billion people worldwide are overweight and more than 300 million are obese. These clinical and experimental studies highlight a clear relationship between obesity and several chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, high risk of oncological diseases, disorders of the reproductive sphere, pathology of the musculoskeletal system, as well as deviations in mental status and processes of social adaptation. Therefore, considerable efforts of modern endocrinology focused on the study of etiopathogenetic aspects that underlie these diseases and identification of possible markers.
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Ogden, Jane, and Cecelia Clementi. "The Experience of Being Obese and the Many Consequences of Stigma." Journal of Obesity 2010 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/429098.
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The present qualitative study aimed to explore how people experience their obesity and to explore the impact of this on their motivations to lose weight. Participants () were either currently obese or had been obese and were interviewed about their experiences. Participants described the impact of obesity on aspects of their self-identity and used language such as “ugly”, “freak”, “hate”, “blob”, and “disgust” which reflected the pervasively negative impact of their weight. They highlighted a complex and often contradictory relationship with food and described how such negative experiences were created out of the dynamic between their obesity and a stigmatising social context. Some, however, suggested that such stigma could also have positive consequences by promoting and encouraging behaviour change. Many obese people, therefore, experience their weight in profoundly negative ways as a result of existing within a social context which stigmatises their condition. The results are discussed in terms of the costs and benefits of stigma and a balance between support, tolerance, and collusion in promoting weight loss.
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Dao, Maria Carlota, Sophie Thiron, Ellen Messer, Camille Sergeant, Anne Sévigné, Camille Huart, Melinda Rossi, et al. "Cultural Influences on the Regulation of Energy Intake and Obesity: A Qualitative Study Comparing Food Customs and Attitudes to Eating in Adults from France and the United States." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010063.
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(1) Background: The influence of food culture on eating behavior and obesity risk is poorly understood. (2) Methods: In this qualitative study, 25 adults in France with or without overweight/obesity participated in semi-structured interviews (n = 10) or focus groups (n = 15) to examine attitudes to food consumption and external pressures that influence eating behavior and weight management. Results were compared to an equivalent study conducted in the United States, thereby contrasting two countries with markedly different rates of obesity. Emerging key themes in the French data were identified through coding using a reflexive approach. (3) Results: The main themes identified were: (1) influence of commensality, social interactions, and pleasure from eating on eating behavior, (2) having a balanced and holistic approach to nutrition, (3) the role of environmental concerns in food consumption, (4) relationship with “natural” products (idealized) and food processing (demonized), (5) perceptions of weight status and management. Stress and difficulties in hunger cue discernment were viewed as important obstacles to weight management in both countries. External pressures were described as a major factor that explicitly influences food consumption in the U.S., while there was an implicit influence of external pressures through eating-related social interactions in France. In France, products considered “natural” where idealized and juxtaposed against processed and “industrial” products, whereas this was not a salient aspect in the U.S. (4) Conclusions: This first comparative qualitative study assessing aspects of food culture and eating behaviors across countries identifies both common and divergent attitudes to food and eating behavior. Further studies are needed to inform the development of effective behavioral interventions to address obesity in different populations.
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Ohnev, V. A., and K. G. Pomohaybo. "IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITY MEASURES TO OPTIMIZE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN WITH OBESITY BASED ON THE STUDY OF THE MAIN ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM." Modern medical technologies 45, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34287/mmt.2(45).2020.4.
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Absract Purpose of the study. Identify measures to optimize the quality of life of children and adolescents with obesity. Materials and methods. Bibliographic, statistical and sociological methods. Results. It is noted an insufficient level of registration of obesity among children. During the study it was found that true prevalence of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents in Kharkiv was 151,0 ± 5,2. 22 factors of risk had a reliable impact on the development of overweight in children and adolescents. The main risk factors for the formation of the overweight were biological and social and hygienic. It was proved that the relative average life quality index of children and adolescents with obesity was 60,7 ± 0,5%, and the most significant were restrictions in the physical (Rx = –6,8) and psychological and emotional (Rx = –4,4) spheres. The revealed shortcomings of medical assistance were: insufficient level of timely detection of the disease, medical-diagnostic process, a very low level of coverage by clinical supervision (29,6 ± 2,7%), insufficient medical and hygienic education of the parents and, as a result and an unreasonable loading on specialized care. Based on the results of the research, the main measures to optimize the quality of life of obese children were identified. Conclusions. Thus, to solve the problem of obesity in children such structures as local governments, educational institutions, healthcare institutions and public organizations should be obligatory involved. In particular, leading measures to optimize medical care were identified. Keywords: overweight, obesity, children, prevalence, quality of life, risk factors, medical care.
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Chung, Gary Ka-Ki, Roger Yat-Nork Chung, Dicken Cheong-Chun Chan, Francisco Tsz-Tsun Lai, Hung Wong, Maggie Ka-Wai Lau, Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong, and Eng-Kiong Yeoh. "The independent role of deprivation in abdominal obesity beyond income poverty. A population-based household survey in Chinese adults." Journal of Public Health 41, no. 3 (September 12, 2018): 476–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy161.
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Abstract Background Individual-level deprivation takes into account the non-monetary aspects of poverty that neither income poverty nor socio-economic factors could fully capture; however, it has rarely been considered in existing studies on social inequality in obesity. Therefore, we examined the associations of deprivation, beyond income poverty, with both general and abdominal obesity. Methods A territory-wide two-stage stratified random sample of 2282 community-dwelling Hong Kong adults was surveyed via face-to-face household interviews between 2014 and 2015. Deprivation was assessed by a Deprivation Index specific to the Hong Kong population. General obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, while abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm/80 cm for male/female. Multivariable binary logistic regressions were performed. Results Deprivation was independently associated with abdominal obesity (odds ratios (OR) = 1.68; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.27–2.22); however, no significant association was found with general obesity (OR=1.03; CI: 0.77–1.38). After additional adjustment for BMI, deprivation remained strongly associated with abdominal obesity (OR=2.00; CI: 1.41–2.83); and after further adjustment for WC, deprivation had a marginal inverse association with general obesity (OR=0.72; CI: 0.51–1.01). Conclusions Deprivation is an important risk factor of abdominal obesity and plays a critical role in capturing the preferential abdominal fat deposition beyond income poverty.
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Wati, Isti Dwi Puspita, Woro Kushartanti, and Joko Susilo. "Kemampuan motorik kasar siswa sekolah dasar penderita obesitas." Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17773.
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Background: Childhood is the period of rapid growth and development. Various aspects can affect problems in growth and development such as genetics, natural environment, and social economic status of the family, nutrition status, social and cultural environment. Inappropriate food intake can cause malnutrition in children, both undernourishment and over nourishment (obesity). Obesity is not good for the process of child growth and development because it distorts the process of metabolism and bring risks for cardiovascular diseases.Objective: To identify gross motor ability of obese elementary school students at Yogyakarta Municipality and evaluate motor ability of elementary school students based on degree of obesity.Method: The study was observational with cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 158 obese elementary school students at Yogyakarta Municipality. Subjects were screened and tested using fat caliper and their height and weight were measured. If they belonged to obese their gross motor ability was tested comprising throwing with target, flexibility long jump standing, squatting, push up, balance and speed running. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation at CI95% (p<0.05).Result: Gross motor ability of children has negative correlation with obesity (r = -0,465), so children with heavy obesity rho have the bad gross motor ability. However there was no relationship between ability of flexibility, standing long jump, balance, and speed running the mobility (sig > 0,05).Conclusion: Child which progressively obesity will have a lower gross motor ability.
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Ellaway, Anne, Ruth Dundas, Jonathan Olsen, and Paul Shiels. "Perceived Neighbourhood Problems over Time and Associations with Adiposity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091854.
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There is growing interest in understanding which aspects of the local environment influence obesity. Using data from the longitudinal West of Scotland Twenty-07 study (n = 2040) we examined associations between residents’ self-reported neighbourhood problems, measured over a 13-year period, and nurse-measured body weight and size (body mass index, waist circumference, waist–hip ratio) and percentage body fat. We also explored whether particular measures such as abdominal obesity, postulated as a marker for stress, were more strongly related to neighbourhood conditions. Using life course models adjusted for sex, cohort, household social class, and health behaviours, we found that the accumulation of perceived neighbourhood problems was associated with percentage body fat. In cross-sectional analyses, the strongest relationships were found for contemporaneous measures of neighbourhood conditions and adiposity. When analyses were conducted separately by gender, perceived neighbourhood stressors were strongly associated with central obesity measures (waist circumference, waist–hip ratio) among both men and women. Our findings indicate that chronic neighbourhood stressors are associated with obesity. Neighbourhood environments are modifiable, and efforts should be directed towards improving deleterious local environments to reduce the prevalence of obesity.
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Balhareth, Abdulaziz, Mohammed Jafer, Ester van der Borgh-Sleddens, Stef Kremers, and Ree Meertens. "Determinants of Weight-Related Behaviors in Male Saudi University Students: A Qualitative Approach Using Focus Group Discussions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073697.
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Obesity is a serious public health concern in the Gulf States. Students are exposed to many unhealthy weight-related behaviors due to college life. However, research that gives insight into regional and culture-specific aspects and determinants of weight-related behaviors in students is lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential determinants of weight change, eating behaviors, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep behaviors in Saudi university students. Five semi-structured focus group discussions guided by Social Cognitive Theory were conducted, consisting of 33 male university students 20 to 22 years old. The data were transcribed, coded, and organized according to themes. The students reported weight gain due to personal, social, and environmental factors related to university lifestyle, such as unhealthy eating behaviors, low physical activity, high sedentary behaviors, and inadequate sleep. Both eating behaviors and physical activity shared similar personal aspects found in other studies, such as knowledge, stress, lack of time, and lack of motivation. However, there were some unique social and environmental factors in the region, such as the social norms, cultural aspects, weather conditions, passive transport dependency, and khat consumption, compared with studies worldwide. Such differences are key factors to developing effective interventions in the future.
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Beltrán-Rodríguez, María G., Ana Y. Escudero-Castelán, Alejandra Lima-Quezada, Diana K. Straffon-Olivares, María C. Rincón-Cruz, and Jesús C. Ruvalcaba-Ledezma. "Disease and lifestyles perception in public workers who are overweight or obese." Journal of Basic and Applied Psychology Research 1, no. 2 (January 5, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/jbapr.v1i2.5394.
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The development of well-being in the population becomes an important aspect for health due to the repercussions that can bring to their lives, currently obesity is a public health problem that is characterized by being chronic disease, caused by various factors ranging from genetic, metabolic or sociocultural problems, in this regard it has been mentioned that this imbalance with a negative trend between food intake and caloric expenditure, since, there is an increase in the first and a decrease in the second, which causes Adipose tissue accumulates and body weight is raised, it has been reported that the appearance of obesity in early stages of development (childhood / adolescence), increases the possibility of prolonging it until adulthood. In Mexico, the 2016 Health and Nutrition Survey indicates that for the adult population 20 years of age or older, a combined national prevalence of overweight and obesity of 71.2% in 2012 and 72.5%. What is relevant is that the comorbidity of obesity threatens the physical and mental health of the sufferer. Under this reasoning, the condition of obesity can be permeated by various aspects previously mentioned, such as physical discomfort, anxiety, sadness, feelings of guilt, frustration, reproaches towards himself or his environment, in this regard, it could be due to the ideal of beauty that prevails today - thinness - so when compared to this ideal causes biological, physical, psychological and social changes that threaten the quality of life. Due to this, the objective of the present investigation was to know the perception that workers and workers possess of the Sistema Estatal para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (SEDIF), with overweight and obesity, regarding their lifestyles and the presence of this disease in your life.
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MENDES, Anselmo Alexandre, Ana Sílvia Degasperi IEKER, Talitha Fernandes de CASTRO, Ademar AVELAR, and Nelson NARDO JÚNIOR. "Multidisciplinary programs for obesity treatment in Brazil: A systematic review." Revista de Nutrição 29, no. 6 (December 2016): 867–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652016000600011.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of publications addressing the multidisciplinary treatment of obesity in Brazil and analyze their main results. A search was conducted in the databases SciELO, Lilacs, and Pubmed/Medline using the following search terms: 'obesidade', 'intervenção', 'tratamento', 'Brasil', for the search in Portuguese, and 'obesity', 'intervention', 'treatment', 'Brazil', for the search in English. Based on these terms, the following combination of words was used: 'Intervenção multiprofissional da obesidade', 'tratamento multidisciplinar da obesidade, tratamento multiprofissional da obesidade' and 'multidisciplinary obesity intervention', 'multidisciplinary obesity treatment', 'Multiprofessional obesity treatment'. Inclusion criteria were as follows: original studies carried out in Brazil involving human beings and that reported an intervention including two or more health care professionals. Articles published between January 2005 and July 2015 were analyzed independently by two reviewers. At the end of the analysis, out of 355 articles initially selected, 26 met all inclusion criteria. The following results were found: 23 studies involved children and adolescents and 03 involved adults 20-60 years of age. It was also found that the 26 studies analyzed had an impact on anthropometric parameters, 10 on physical fitness parameters, 16 on biochemical parameters, 10 on the reduction in comorbidities, 6 on nutritional parameters, and 4 on the psychological/social aspects. Based on evidence presented in the studies reviewed, it can be said that the multidisciplinary treatment for obesity greatly contributed to the reduction in the anthropometric indicators, especially BMI and the biochemical, social, and psychological parameters. Thus, these findings demonstrate that there is a need to expand the range of this type of treatment since it has proven to be effective in the fight against obesity and its comorbidities.
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Pyrikova, Natalia V., Oksana N. Antropova, Irina V. Osipova, and Irina A. Frolova. "Some aspects of comorbidity in hospitalized patients of a therapeutic hospital." Курский научно-практический вестник «Человек и его здоровье», no. 2 (June 2020): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21626/vestnik/2020-2/03.
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Objective - to analyze the risk factors (RF) of noncommunicable diseases depending on the comorbidity index (CI) in hospitalized patients. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed at the Altai Regional Hospital for War Veterans. 128 people were invited to take part in the study during the month in the therapeutic department, 100 people agreed (78.1% response). The average age is 77.9±8.3 years, 48% of women, 52% of men. A general clinical examination, RF analysis of noncommunicable diseases, psychosocial factors, Montreal Cognitive Function Scale (MoCA test), and an examination by a neurologist to detect encephalopathy were performed. Based on the Charlson CI data, patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 - CI 1-2 points - 46%, group 2 - CI 3-4 points - 38%, group 3 - CI 5 and more points - 16%. Results. Regardless of gender, CI 5 or more was more common than CI 1-2 by 16.8%; among men, CI 5 and more occurred more often than CI 3-4 by 17.8%; middle-aged persons were only in the group with CI 1-2. In patients with CI 5 or more, compared with patients with CI 1-2, there was a higher frequency of such RFs as obesity (by 29.9%, all persons with CI 5 or more had abdominal obesity), social isolation (by 29.7%), type D personality (by 36.5%), as well as cognitive impairment (by 28.5%) and encephalopathy (by 32.9%). Depression was found 26.1% more often in patients with CI 3-4 than in patients with CI 1-2. Conclusion. Comorbidity is not a mandatory condition characteristic of an aging population, it is primarily the result of individual behavior. Therefore, the identification and correction of RF of noncommunicable diseases, especially in conditions of comorbidity, seems to be an urgent task, which determines the success of treatment in this category of patients.