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1
Kosík, Miloš. "Social Aspects of the Athletes and Their Behavior in Society." Sport Science Review 21, no. 1-2 (April 1, 2012): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-012-0004-8.
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Social Aspects of the Athletes and Their Behavior in Society This article shows documents from the Czech Republic as well as from other countries dealing with sports codex. Sportsmen, sports clubs, managers and many other people who work in sport they all are concerned about Ethic Codex. For the articles I used quantitative methods, data collection methods and the Ethnographic Method.
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Al-Daaja, Yehia, and György Norbert Szabados. "The Current State of CSR in the Football Clubs of the Professional Football League in Jordan." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 12, no. 3-4 (December 13, 2018): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2018/3-4/3.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a common practice all over the world, however, social responsibility in the field of sport is still a new concept and received a little attention. This study aims to reveal the current state of social responsibility practices among the football clubs of the professional football league in Jordan. A descriptive survey method was used and a questionnaire was designed to collect the required data on three aspects (administrative, financial and CSR programs). The study found that there is a medium degree of availability of the administrative and financial aspects that activate the implementation of the CSR concept. Moreover, the study also revealed a medium degree of availability of the CSR programs offered by the selected clubs. Furthermore, the study proved that the football clubs in Jordan are aware of their social responsibility and recognize their role in the betterment of the society.
JEL Classification: C21, D24, Q12
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Bazić, Jovan. "The Social Aspects of Sport." Physical Education and Sport Through the Centuries 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/spes-2018-0005.
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SummaryIn this paper we evaluated the basic viewpoints on the mutual relations between contemporary sport and society. Sport is a global social phenomenon which is determined by a variety of different processes, including: the fast development of the industrial society and capital, an increase in leisure time, the development of a liberal democracy and the media. A special feature in these relations is the overall globalization process in today’s world. The basic structure of this paper is made up of two functional parts. In the first part we indicate the dominant theoretical-methodological paradigms in studying sport in social sciences, especially sociology: functionalism, conflict theory in society, interpretive and postmodern theory. In the second part of the paper we analyze the dialectics of contemporary relations between sport and society, where special attention is dedicated to the distribution of social power between sport, capital and the media at the local and global level. At the local level especially, there is a pronounced influence of politics on sport, which is realized through various mechanisms of government power, as well as other political subjects. The most solid bonds between sport and society on both levels are maintained by capital and the media, which know no boundaries. Through ownership and mechanisms of financing sports clubs and associations, athletes and athletic events, an entire network of capitalist relations in sport was created. Sport has become one of the most important factors of television programs, the internet and social networks, which has led to an enormous growth in profit and popularity of sport, but also to great changes in the social relations between people.
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Algesheimer, René, Utpal M. Dholakia, and Andreas Herrmann. "The Social Influence of Brand Community: Evidence from European Car Clubs." Journal of Marketing 69, no. 3 (July 2005): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.69.3.19.66363.
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The authors develop and estimate a conceptual model of how different aspects of customers’ relationships with the brand community influence their intentions and behaviors. The authors describe how identification with the brand community leads to positive consequences, such as greater community engagement, and negative consequences, such as normative community pressure and (ultimately) reactance. They examine the moderating effects of customers’ brand knowledge and the brand community's size and test their hypotheses by estimating a structural equation model with survey data from a sample of European car club members.
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Zimányi, Róbert G., and Gábor Geczi. "Justice at Sport Clubs According to the Theory of Utilitarianism and Libertarianism." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 77, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2018-0007.
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Abstract Today’s sport clubs are exposed to turbulently changing circumstances to which they must adapt. If we want to talk about quality sport clubs, we have to find the qualitative criterion that justifies them. This must then be accepted by society as well. Such aspects of quality and evaluation may show justice. Only one truth exists. Thus the question is how and by what principles we should interpret it. Justice can play a key role in the operation of sport clubs as a moral element. This justice must not necessarily be linked to equality. The goal of this study is to interpret justice as a quality factor in sport clubs. The other goal of the study is to present some theories of justice related to sport. The study examines Bentham’s utilitarianism, Mill’s higher pleasures, and the ideas of libertarianism concerning justice. The theories of justice in addition to social processes also play a key role in today’s sport clubs. During the interpretations, it is important to distinguish between competitive and non-competitive sport clubs in relation to justice. It also depends on the practical applicability of the theory of justice. The practical application of theories of justices should be thoroughly investigated in the life of sport clubs. Then the sport clubs’ management must decide which theory of justice should be introduced. The key question concerns how to apply it consistently in practice while taking into account the interests of existing and prospective members. Finding the potential qualitative key factors for the sport clubs’ qualification is a complex activity. Besides happiness and justice, many other ancient and presently valued virtues can be relevant qualities and distinctive aspects among sport clubs.
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Escamilla-Fajardo, Paloma, Mario Alguacil, and Fernando García-Pascual. "Business Model Adaptation in Spanish Sports Clubs According to the Perceived Context: Impact on the Social Cause Performance." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063438.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has generated an uncertain and changing context that has greatly affected the development and sustainability of all sports organizations. In this hostile context, adaptation of the business model (BMA) can be a strategic alternative for sports clubs. A change in value proposition, change in target market, and change in value delivery are some of the aspects considered in this study in relation to the social performance variable. It is well-known that sports clubs have a marked social function, therefore analyzing their social cause performance is of great importance in modern society. However, there are still few studies that have analyzed BMA in relation to this type of variable in sports clubs. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to find out what perceptions of the environment can influence the BMA, and to investigate what influence the BMA has on the social performance of this type of entity. To this end, 145 Spanish sports clubs were analyzed during a period of limitations and restrictions arising from COVID-19. The results show that there are differences in BMA according to the perceived impact of the crisis and the perception of risk. In addition, BMA predicts the social performance of sports clubs, and this study provides new information for academics and professionals. Practical implications and management proposals were developed based on the results, and conclusions drawn.
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Storm, Rasmus. "From Homophonic to Polyphonic Organization: European Team Sports Clubs in Transformation." Sport Science Review 19, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2010): 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-011-0034-7.
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From Homophonic to Polyphonic Organization: European Team Sports Clubs in Transformation Several European sports - especially association football - have rapidly evolved from amateur status into high-income professional sports in the last two decades or so. During this development the scope and objectives of the clubs have been broadened as the clubs to a growing degree serve several concurrent goals such as striving for profit maximization, a high winning percent, fan loyalty, spectator attendance and TV viewers, coupled with satisfying demands from the environment for various kinds of community engagement and sometimes even social or cultural aspects. Taking this development as its point of departure, this paper aims at deploying a theoretical framework capable of better understanding the objectives of European football clubs as they have developed into a complex situation of professionalism. This is done by deploying a systems theoretical approach, thus regarding the clubs as evolving from homophonic towards polyphonic organization.
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Haggerty, Terry R., and Denise Denomme. "Organizational Commitment in Sport Clubs: A Multivariate Exploratory Study." Journal of Sport Management 5, no. 1 (January 1991): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.5.1.58.
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Multivariate analyses of responses from 327 undergraduate student members of 17 university recreational sport clubs indicated that eight variables jointly explained 35.3% of the variance in members’ organizational commitment. They were (a) the importance of management related items, (b) the emphasis the club placed on delivering its service, (c) the lack of emphasis the club placed on status related items, (d) the emphasis the club placed on social aspects, (e) members’ current involvement in physical activity, (f) reduced travel time to club gatherings, (g) increased preparation time for club activities, and (h) gender, with males expressing more commitment than females. The study concluded that management related factors were among the most important aspects in affecting member commitment in sport clubs. Implications for practicing managers and researchers were addressed.
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Tuomela, Raimo. "On the structural aspects of collective action and free-riding." Theory and Decision 32, no. 2 (March 1992): 165–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00134050.
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Araújo, Noelia, Pablo de Carlos, and Jose Antonio Fraiz. "Top European football clubs and social networks: a true 2.0 relationship?" Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 4, no. 3 (July 8, 2014): 250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-07-2013-0022.
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Purpose – In the scenario of today's Information Society, social networks are powerful promotional tools that football clubs can use to their own advantage by managing efficiently and effectively their image so as to enhance their appeal to sponsors and firms looking for marketing and advertising for their products. By analyzing a series of items that appear in the foremost European football clubs’ official Facebook pages, the purpose of this paper is to provide both descriptive and quantitative accounts of the extent to which those football clubs succeed in managing the potential for interactivity that their official Facebook profiles provide. Design/methodology/approach – The authors take as the basis of the quantitative analysis the volume of reactions from the fans of the clubs’ official Facebook pages displayed in the form of comments or clicks on the button “Like,” taken as a function of the type of posts published under the Facebook “Timeline” tag. Besides elaborating upon the data thus collected in terms of a descriptive study, the authors conduct correlation range statistical tests (Spearman's ρ coefficient) and an analysis of variance in order to obtain quantitative results on which the authors support the concluding statements. Findings – There is a mild positive correlation between a club's ranking according to UEFA and both the number of fans and the degree of effective interaction displayed in the club's official Facebook pages. Regarding the different types of content to be found in the posts, there is also a significant difference between the important volume of reactions to those most frequently posted and the very limited response displayed to the least frequently posted types. In this sense, it is to be stressed the moderate response obtained by the content openly demanding the users’ interaction (polls, contests, greetings, or encouraging messages, etc.). Research limitations/implications – The authors believe that the most important limitation is the small size of the sample, having a scope of 20 European football clubs, and its short time frame, since the data referred only to March 2013. Nonetheless, these are the most representative clubs in the European scenario, since they comprise UEFA's top 20 ranking. Practical implications – It is interesting to study, as the authors do in the contribution, different aspects regarding the design of football clubs Facebook pages and the activity shown therein, so as to learn how to improve their effectiveness in providing for a true interactive experience. Research on the types of content to be found in the posts available on Facebook's “Timeline” tag that can contribute to establishing a deeper engagement on the part of the fans can thus be very useful to anyone devising marketing strategies for a football club. Originality/value – The research literature on the use of social networks such as Facebook by sports organizations and, more particularly, by football clubs, is still very scarce. Past contributions have been focussed on the presence of football on the Web 2.0 in general terms, and on comparing different online interactive tools. Nonetheless, they do not tackle the questions related to the types of content provided by a particular social network, the response to them by the users, and with it, the characterization of their effectiveness as communications, marketing, and promotional tools.
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Forrant, Robert. "The International Association of Machinists, Pratt & Whitney, and the Struggle for a Blue-Collar Future in Connecticut." International Review of Social History 47, S10 (November 2002): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859002000809.
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Riding down Main Street in East Hartford, Connecticut toward the six smokestacks dominating the front of Pratt & Whitney's mammoth aircraft engine factory, one cannot help noticing numerous artifacts associated with rapid industrial decline: empty and trash-strewn lots, boarded-up storefronts, and vacated triple-deckers, once homes for Pratt & Whitney workers. A short drive away on the other side of the Connecticut River one can observe the dichotomies between East Hartford and downtown Hartford with its glittering insurance companies, banks, and the headquarters – known around Hartford as the “Gold Building” – of Pratt's parent, the United Technologies Corporation (UTC). The various social clubs, bars, and purveyors of fast food, ice cream, and fresh baked pies, that have served thousands of lunches and early suppers to members of the International Association of Machinists (IAM) are at risk.
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Malchrowicz-Mośko, Ewa, Dariusz Wieliński, and Katarzyna Adamczewska. "Perceived Benefits for Mental and Physical Health and Barriers to Horseback Riding Participation. The Analysis among Professional and Amateur Athletes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 25, 2020): 3736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103736.
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The aim of this study was to investigate perceived benefits for mental and physical health and barriers to horseback riding participation among professional and amateur athletes by gender. The empirical study of 2651 professional and amateur horseback riders was conducted during the last edition of Cavaliada competitions (held in Poznan in December 2019)—one of the biggest and most important horseback riding events in Europe. A diagnostic survey method was used in the study. In the questionnaire a division of benefits and barriers according to the EBBS (Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale) was used. The results are presented by means of frequency distributions for individual items. The verification of hypotheses about the differences between the analyzed groups was conducted using the U-Mann Whitney test with a correction of tied ranks. For the compared groups the mean rank values were calculated. Research results showed that respondents rated the positive impact of equestrianism on mental health higher than on physical health. Among the barriers, the most frequently mentioned aspects were not related to the internal motivation of the respondents, but to external factors—money, time and distance of sports facilities. Men rated the social and psychological benefits higher, while women rated the positive impact of equestrianism on physicality. Professionals rated more highly a number of aspects related to positive effects on the body, while amateurs claimed that were more often not supported by loved ones. This is important research from the point of view of horseback riding promotion. Understanding the horseback riding benefits and barriers are needed, as such knowledge can be used to encourage horseback riding. Perceived benefits and barriers to horseback riding have so far been rarely studied by researchers.
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Biernat, Elżbieta, Łukasz Skrok, Dawid Majcherek, and Hanna Nałęcz. "Socioecological Profile of Active Adults. Sport as a Whole-life Choice." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 85, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0007.
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AbstractHitherto empirical research provides insight on particular dimensions or aspects thereof, but analyses that include diverse determinants of the physical activity are scarcer. The aim of the research was to examine the profile of adults who engage in sport activity, using a multi-layer, socio-ecological approach. Combined database: The Social Diagnosis 2015, The Statistics Poland 2014, and the Orliki 2012 was applied. The resulting sample consists of 8,361 adult respondents aged 25–70 years. Sport activity and sport clubs’ membership were measured as dependent variables. According to the Bronfenbrenner’s layered model number of outcome variables were described. While being consistent with fundamental facts known from the literature (e.g. significance of age, education, family, social networks and cultural aspects, the results point to a heterogeneity in determining sport activity. Firstly, women and men differ qualitatively – the set of characteristics important for sport activity is different. For example, while minor health issues seem to instigate activity of women, for men they are rather negatively related. Secondly, different factors are relevant for initiating the activity than for sustaining it. Furthermore, sport activity is rather positively related to other activities related to social life or to the life-long learning. This suggests that a substitution effect, in terms of time, is less important than the general tendency to be engaged in different aspects of life. Lastly, active membership of sports clubs is not only rare, but also qualitatively differs from sports activity in terms of socio-ecological profile of the participants. The obtained results emphasize the need to create and implement nuanced and varied policies to support increase in physical activity in modern societies. Traditional, ‘hard’ measures like providing physical (facilities) or organisational (sports clubs) infrastructure seem to have limited effectiveness.
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Bakhri, Rafdlal Saeful, Arfin Deri Listiandi, Moh Nanang Himawan Kusuma, Didik Rilastiyo Budi, Topo Suhartoyo, and Rohman Hidayat. "Improving Leadership and Teamwork through Outdoor Education Camping Program." JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga 5, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33222/juara.v5i1.704.
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Teenagers who are involved in achievement oriented sports tend to focus more on technique and tactics training. Whereas social skills are important aspects in the development of teenagers is often forgotten. Therefore, a program is needed that can develop aspects of social skills, especially leadership and teamwork. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of outdoor education camping programs on improving leadership and teamwork on youth athletes in basketball and futsal clubs. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method of pretest-posttest design. The number of research subjects were 30 teenage athletes, in Sukabumi basketball and futsal clubs who were selected using cluster random sampling. The instruments used were in the form of a leadership and teamwork questionnaire. The result of research data of the ability and leadership variable gained average score of pretest as amount 52,2 and 56,4 for its posttest. On team work variable is gained average score of pretest 24,4 and 31,16 for its posttest. The results showed that there were positive and significant improvements in leadership skills and teamwork.
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Glannon, W. "Free riding and organ donation." Journal of Medical Ethics 35, no. 10 (September 30, 2009): 590–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.2009.030866.
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Menzel, Paul T. "Paper four: Non-compliance: Fair or free-riding." Health Care Analysis 3, no. 2 (May 1995): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02198213.
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Stahl, Silvester, Pamela Wicker, and Christoph Breuer. "Strukturelle und kontextuelle Spezifika von selbstorganisierten Migrantensportvereinen / Structural and Contextual Aspects of Self-Organized Migrant Sports Clubs." Sport und Gesellschaft 8, no. 3 (December 1, 2011): 197–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sug-2011-0302.
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Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag behandelt strukturelle und kontextuelle Spezifika von selbstorganisierten Migrantensportvereinen auf statistischer Grundlage. Er beruht auf einer Sonderauswertung des für den Sportentwicklungsbericht 2009/2010 durch eine Befragung von Sportvereinen in ganz Deutschland gewonnenen Datensatzes (N=19.345). Durch univariate Varianzanalysen abgesicherte Mittelwertvergleiche zwischen den anhand ihrer Mitglieder- und Vorstandszusammensetzung als solche kategorisierten Migrantensportvereinen und den restlichen Vereinen der Stichprobe werden ergänzt durch eine Matched-Pairs- Analyse und eine Regressionsanalyse. Die dafür herangezogenen Vergleichsvariablen liegen in den Bereichen Mitgliederstruktur, Vereinstätigkeit, Standort und Problembelastung. Unter anderem haben Migrantensportvereine im Durchschnitt weniger Mitglieder und einen höheren Männeranteil, öfter Fußball im Angebot und häufiger existenzbedrohende Probleme als andere Sportvereine.
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Borstlap, Hanneri, and Alicia Fourie. "Who is Riding to the South African Bike Festival?" Event Management 24, no. 1 (February 19, 2020): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/152599518x15403853721303.
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Events play an integrated part in tourism industry. South Africa events have grown over the past years, especially when it comes to promotion and hosting of events. One such event is South African Bike Festival. The event's organizers host these events for special causes, such as riding for a purpose, social implications, and social responsibility. Motorcycles have been around since the early 1900s for the dual purpose of transportation and recreational or pleasure riding, but little is known about motorcyclists' sociodemographic profile and behavior. From an international perfective, the sociodemographic and behavior aspects of motorcyclists are well documented; what is lacking is literature within the South African perceptive. The purpose of this research is to characterize those who attended the first South African Bike Festival. The research attempts to segment the motorcycle market and identify bikers' motivations, needs, and behavior. A structured self-completion questionnaire was developed and handed out to willing participants. Trained fieldworkers distributed the questionnaire over a 3-day period and received a total of 484 usable questionnaires. A multiple regression based on sociodemographic variables and spending habits was done to determine any significant differences. Respondents were segmented based on their motives for attending the event. In this way three markets were identified, namely hardcore biker, feisty biker, and fortuitous biker. The results showed that there are indeed significant differences between the three markets identified. This research not only contributes to the motorcycling literature, but also to motorcycling behavior of bikers in South Africa.
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Iding, Marie, Novia Cholymay, and Sandra Kaneshiro. "Building Bridges, Not Barriers: Inviting Chuukese Family Involvement in Hawaii Schools." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.1.1.10.
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AbstractChuukese students and parents in Hawaii were interviewed about differences between schools in Hawaii and Chuuk, aspects of schooling in Hawaii that affected adjustment and suggestions for increasing Chuukese family involvement. Differences between schools in Hawaii and Chuuk included availability of materials, different expectations for teachers and students, lack of English language instruction in Chuuk and variable reading background or preparation. Barriers to adjustment to Hawaii schools included limited English proficiency, peer pressure, teachers' negative expectations or prejudice about Micronesian students and ethnic conflicts. Suggestions to facilitate family involvement and make schools more inviting included providing sports clubs for Micronesian students, opportunities for Micronesian students to share about their culture with other students and providing translators at parent–teacher meetings.
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Kossakowski, Radoslaw. "From Communist Fan Clubs to Professional Hooligans: A History of Polish Fandom as a Social Process." Sociology of Sport Journal 34, no. 3 (September 2017): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2017-0019.
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The main aim of this article is to present the history of Polish football fandom as a social process which has coincided with the processes of transformation of Polish society over the last few decades. The fan movement in Poland dates back to the early 1970s when the communist authorities attempted to channel the activity of supporters. The 1980s, however, brought the development of a spontaneous movement with strong accents of hooliganism. The post-1989 transformation led to an economic and social crisis, with the rule of anarchy in football stadiums. Along with the formation of the democratic order, the fan movement evolved into different sections focused on particular aspects of activity. The paper is also devoted to the ideological dimension of fan culture, related to the conflict with the government at the turn of the 2010s.
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Domingues, Petrônio José. "Elite da Liberdade: a contribution to the history of black clubs in Brazil." Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 9, no. 1 (September 5, 2020): 396–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/bjbs.v9i1.114909.
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This article investigates the trajectory of the Grêmio Dramático, Recreativo e Literário Elite da Liberdade (the Liberdade Elite Guild of Drama, Recreation, and Literature), a black club active in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1919 to 1927. The aim is to reconstruct aspects of the club’s history in light of its educational discourse on civility, which was used as a strategy to promote modern virtues in the black milieu. By appropriating the precepts of civility, Elite da Liberdade helped construct a positive black identity, enabled the creation of bonds of solidarity among its members, and made itself a place of resistance and struggle for social inclusion, recognition, and citizens’ rights.
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Neumann, Lara. "Regionale Sprache als Identitätsmarker Hamburger Fußballfans." Linguistik Online 99, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.99.5968.
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The dissertation project Regionale Sprache als Identitätsmarker. Zur Konstruktion sozialer Bedeutung bei Hamburger Fußballfans ‘Regional language as identity marker. The construction of social meaning among football fans in Hamburg’ examines different practices of identity construction of fans from the two football clubs FC St. Pauli and Hamburger Sportverein (HSV). By analysing a group interview with HSV fans, this paper investigates the potential of identification with regional language. Identity constructions can be identified in the following three aspects: (a) the conceptualisation of the local substandard, (b) the speakers’ positioning concerning the use of the local substandard and (c) language attitudes.
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Zhao, Xiao Ju, Bai Bin Zhan, and Ya Ting Luo. "Reflections on the Development of Urban Bicycle Traffic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.849.
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Necessity of developing green traffic has been proposed when the travel environment is deteriorating, the road traffic is getting more and more congested, the traffic safety problems are highlighted and the urban efficiency is severely impacted. However, among diversified green traffic means, public bicycle is certainly the first choice of urban residents. Therefore, in this paper, with the idea of green traffic, studies were carried out from five aspects, including the construction of bicycle track, setting of bicycle station, building of riding environment, selection of bicycle development model, and improvement of social recognition degree, to explore the development of bicycle traffic system.
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Bekarev, A. M., and O. A. Sulina. "FITNESS TRAINER AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF NEW PROFESSION IN RUSSIA." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-2-141-146.
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The goal of research is to reveal the main aspects of fitness-industry in domestic research, as well as to analyze the popularity of the fitness coaching profession among young people. In a set of basic motives for visiting fitness clubs there is the desire to maintain good shape, weight loss. About 40% of men say that going to a fitness club gives them greater self-confidence, a sense of self-worth, and 38% of women point out the possibility of making friends and acquaintances as one of the reasons for visiting a fitness room. Therefore, apart from the function of maintaining body tone (wellness), fitness clubs also have a connecting social function. Domestic research into the fitness industry began to emerge relatively recently - at the turn of the last century. This is due to the fact that the first fitness clubs in Russia began to appear only in the 90s. The largest such club, which first opened in Russia in 1993 and met the world standards, was the fitness club World Class. That was the beginning of the development of the fitness industry in Russia and the CIS countries and the popularization of the profession of fitness coach. The present research is devoted to studying the formation of fitness services in Russia, as well as the reasons for the popularity of the profession of fitness coach in modern conditions. The empirical basis was a series of in-depth interviews with 18 fitness trainers (3 of them are owners, some of them combine coaching work), which were conducted in Nizhny Novgorod in the period from September 2016 to March 2017. The survey was conducted in the most popular chain fitness clubs of the city: "World Class", "Sparta", "JAM-Sport", "Elat", "FizKult", as well as FOC "Athletic".
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Blinde, Elaine M., and Lisa R. McClung. "Enhancing the Physical and Social Self through Recreational Activity: Accounts of Individuals with Physical Disabilities." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 14, no. 4 (October 1997): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.14.4.327.
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The impact of participation in recreational activities on perceptions of the physical and social selves of individuals with physical disabilities was explored. Eleven women (ages 19 to 54) and 12 men (ages 20 to 36) participated in individualized recreational programs including horseback riding, swimming, fitness, weightlifting, racquetball, bowling, tennis, fishing, walking, and tai chi. Tape-recorded interviews were conducted with these individuals following participation. Content analyses of the interview responses indicated that participation impacted four aspects of the physical self: (a) experiencing the body in new ways, (b) enhancing perceptions of physical attributes, (c) redefining physical capabilities, and (d) increasing perceived confidence to pursue new physical activities. Modifications in respondents’ perceptions of the social self were reflected in two themes: (a) expanding social interactions and experiences, and (b) initiating social activities in other contexts. The gains discussed by respondents suggest that individuals developed an enhanced sense of control in both their physical and social lives.
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Elling, Agnes, Paul De Knop, and Annelies Knoppers. "The Social Integrative Meaning of Sport: A Critical and Comparative Analysis of Policy and Practice in the Netherlands." Sociology of Sport Journal 18, no. 4 (December 2001): 414–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.18.4.414.
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The diversity of sport participants in the Netherlands is beginning to reflect the diversity within the general population. Sport as a whole is becoming more accessible, and participation in sport of different social groups takes place within both mainstream and “separate” sports clubs and in differently organized sports groups. In our paper we critically analyze the broader social integrative functions ascribed to sport by policy makers. We attempt to show that the ongoing democratization of sport participation is not always positively correlated, let alone causally related, to a broader social integrated society. We argue that social integration in itself is a multidimensional process and distinguish three dimensions of integration (structural, social-cultural, and social-affective), which can all occur in and through the practice of sport. Furthermore we argue that the integrative meanings of sport depend on which social groups and which of the dimensions of integration are examined. The complementary and contradictory aspects of the dimensions of social integration with regard to four different social minority groups (ethnic minorities, the elderly, the physically challenged, gays and lesbians) are examined.
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Yoon, JiHyun. "A Study on the Use of Internet Media by Social Dance Clubs in Korea: Focusing on the Aspects of Communication and Archiving." Dance Research Journal of Dance 75, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21317/ksd.75.3.6.
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Steckles, Katie, Peter Rowlett, and Angharad Ugonna. "Pre-university informal engagement with mathematical activities and the decision to study mathematics at university." MSOR Connections 18, no. 3 (July 25, 2020): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21100/msor.v18i3.1048.
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A survey was created to investigate the experiences of mathematics undergraduates with informal mathematical activity prior to starting university, and links these with the decision to study mathematics. A questionnaire was completed by a small sample of first-year undergraduates at two UK universities. Generally, incoming undergraduates are shown to have a high level of enjoyment of mathematics and engagement with informal mathematical activity. Popular activities included mathematical puzzles and games, and online videos about maths. Students were often engaged with family or via social media, playing computer, tablet or phone games, watching TV game shows with mathematical aspects and participating in organised competitions. Only around half engaged via talks or workshops organised through school and watching more structured documentaries or videos of lectures. Few participated in organised clubs. It seems there was greater engagement with ‘fun’ aspects of mathematics than with activities which demonstrate mathematics linked to career choice. The link to goals of outreach and similar initiatives is discussed, with further research indicated.
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AL Ohali, Hebah H. "The Attitude of University Students to Participating in Sports for All in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 6 (November 18, 2020): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0120.
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The present study aims to investigate the attitude, obstacles, and suggestions for female students to participate in sports for all in Saudi Arabia. It adopted the social survey approach and applied the questionnaire and scale of attitude to a randomly selected sample of (375) students at King Saud University. The study concluded that the total score of the attitude was high. The cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects were ranked first, second, and third, respectively. The free time constraints, temperature, and weather fluctuations are the most significant obstacles, while increasing women's clubs and decreasing subscription fees are the most important constituents. The study recommends providing various and free sports activities, courses, and symposia to disseminate the culture of sports for all among university students.
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Anas, Nafisah, and Okto Risdianto Manullang. "IMPLIKASI PERILAKU PERJALANAN PELAJAR PENGGUNA SEPEDA MOTOR TERHADAP KESELAMATAN BERLALU LINTAS (Studi Kasus: Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Atas di Pusat Kota Semarang)." Jurnal Pengembangan Kota 5, no. 2 (December 13, 2017): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jpk.5.2.181-189.
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Movement in Semarang City has dependence on motorcycle, evidenced by the domination of motorcycle that reach 79%. It causes the highest percentage of accident rates by motorcycle users, reaching 66% of 5,378 incidents and 18.4% of them are high school students. Based on that problem, conducted research that aims to understand travel behavior of high school students motorcycle users in Semarang Central City and understand how dependence on motorcycles and safety riding awareness on the student. This research is use mix approach research to combine quantitative and qualitative method. The method of data analysis used in this study are descriptive statistics, network analysis and phenomenology analysis. The results show that social demographic aspects as measured by student participation in additional activities after school affect the student's travel behavior. Schedule and location of activities after school will form student travel pattern and then shaping the student travel behavior. It causes the motorcycle become the main mode of student travel. Besides travel behaviour, motorcycle dependence is caused by accumulation negligence by various parties. Such negligence is the provision of school parking following the demand growth, lack of integration of public transportation modes, and the permission of students to use motorcycles without driver license. Unfortunately, motorcycle dependence has not been accompanied by safety riding, it is evidenced by the percentage of causes of the highest accidents caused by driver factor, which reached 96%. 98% of students had committed traffic violations and 96% of them were deliberate. This is happened because students feel tired due to increased hours of activity from full day school system and additional activities after school so that students become unaware and not obey. These problems cause both well-informed and uninformed students ignore smart riding method.
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Nelson, Peter. "The Materiality of Space." Organised Sound 20, no. 3 (November 16, 2015): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771815000254.
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Space is a concept central to music. Particular spaces can be seen as the enablers and analogues of social configurations for music-making. Thus, for example, concert halls, clubs or cathedrals determine significant aspects of the social and auditory presence of heard music, in terms of concepts such as proximity, separation, resonance, silence, community. Recording technologies have forced us to reconsider musical space as a much more complex phenomenon, including the possible presence of imaginary spaces. Bearing in mind Henri Lefebvre’s assertion that space must be ‘produced’, and starting from Pierre Schaeffer’s notion of spatial development, this article considers the ‘materiality’ of space and the implications of such materiality for thinking about music and sound. Taking the recent reconstruction of the Denman exponential horn at the British Science Museum as an emblem, in relation to the recent resurgence of interest in historic sound recording practices, space is considered in relation to current discussions of material culture.
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SCARABELIM, Maria Letícia Abud, and Eliana de TOLEDO. "Proposal of analytical records for choreographic compositions in gymnastics for all." Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte 30, no. 1 (March 2016): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-55092016000100159.
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Abstract Gymnastics for All (GfA) is a practice found in the wide world of gymnastics and its greatest form of expression is through choreographic compositions (CC) due to historical and pedagogical reasons, among other factors. In addition, in the international arena, gymnastics festivals have become a privileged forum to perform CC as they take place in different contexts of social intervention, such as schools, clubs, associations, NGOs, and universities. In this context, our objective is to provide a tool to register and analyze GfA choreographic compositions by means of analytical record system. Based on bibliographical and documentary research, we propose a set of eight aspects that address general and specific aspects of CC in GfA. We conclude that the proposed tool displays a didactic and very detailed structure that is based on the theoretical prerogatives of the area. Not only it is useful to professionals and practitioners with different profiles, but it also holds the power of being of great value to all those involved in the processes of CC in GfA as a tool for recording data (including historical data), which is a catalyst for processes of reflection and changes (whenever they are required).
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Hockenhull, Joanna, Lynda Birke, and Emma Creighton. "The Horse’s Tale: Narratives of Caring for/about Horses." Society & Animals 18, no. 4 (2010): 331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853010x524307.
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AbstractIn this paper, we report on a study of people who keep horses for leisure riding; the study was based on a qualitative (discourse) analysis of written comments made by people keeping horses, focusing on how they care for them and how they describe horse behavior. These commentaries followed participation in an online survey investigating management practices. The responses clustered around two significant themes: the first centered around people’s methods of caring for their animal and the dependence of such care upon external influences like human social contexts. The second theme centers on the “life stories” people constructed for their horse, usually to explain aspects of the animal’s behavior; in particular, many spoke in terms of a rescue narrative and saw their horses’ lives as being much better now than in the animal’s (imagined) previous life situation. We argue that decisions about equine well-being are made within specific social communities, which create consensus around particular ideas of what is good for horses (or other animals). To ensure the well-being of animals means taking these communities and their knowledges into account.
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Jensen, Mie Birk, Maria Dich Herold, Vibeke Asmussen Frank, and Geoffrey Hunt. "Playing with gender borders." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 36, no. 4 (November 9, 2018): 357–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072518807794.
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In this article we explore the gendered aspects of flirting as an integral part of a night out among young adults in Denmark, specifically a night out in mainstream bars and clubs. Empirically, we base our analysis on 140 qualitative interviews with regular alcohol users between 18 and 25 years of age. Drawing on Ahmed’s notion of orientation in combination with Thorne’s notions of gender play and borderwork, our aim is to explore and discuss how flirting – for these young adults – becomes an unavoidable interactional practice in night-time economy (NTE) contexts. This is in some cases experienced as easy and enjoyable, and in others as uncomfortable and challenging. In the analysis, we specifically focus on how gender norms related to the NTE is navigated and/or challenged by our participants, in relation to flirting. The study shows how the gendered norms of the mainstream NTE are, in some instances, supportive of its participants’ flirting practices and experiences, and in other cases challenging. In conclusion, we emphasise that the young adults relate challenges both to queer flirting and to heterosexual flirting, and that notions of risks in this context relate to risks of stigmatisation, rather than health risks.
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Acero, Isabel, Raúl Serrano, and Panagiotis Dimitropoulos. "Ownership structure and financial performance in European football." Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 17, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-07-2016-0146.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyse the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance in the five major European football leagues from 2007-2008 to 2012-2013 and examine the impact of the financial fair play (FFP) regulation. Design/methodology/approach The sample used comprises 94 teams that participated in the major European competitions: German Bundesliga, Ligue 1 of France, Spanish Liga, English Premier League and the Italian Serie A. The estimation technique used is panel-corrected standard errors. Findings The results confirm an inverted U-shaped curve relationship between ownership structure and financial performance as a consequence of both monitoring and expropriation effects. Moreover, the results show that after FFP regulation, the monitoring effect disappears and only the expropriation effect remains. Research limitations/implications The lack of transparency of the information provided by some teams has limited the sample size. Practical implications One of the main issues that the various regulating bodies of the industry should address is the introduction of a code of good practice, not only for aspects related to the transparency of financial information but also to require greater transparency in the information concerning corporate governance. Social implications Regulating bodies could also consider other additional control instruments based on corporate governance, such as for example, corporate governance practices, corporate governance codes, greater transparency, control of the boards of directors, etc. Originality/value This study tries to provide direct evidence of the impact of large majority investors in the clubs and FFP regulation on the financial performance of football clubs.
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Jakubowska, Honorata, Radosław Kossakowski, and Dominik Antonowicz. "Polskie fanki w męskim świecie kibiców — problemy badawcze, stan wiedzy i najważniejsze kategorie analizy." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 61, no. 2 (April 24, 2017): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2017.61.2.3.
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Since the beginning of the 1990s, there has been a growth in the number of woman at soccer stadiums. These women are supporters not only of the national teams but also of local clubs. Although the stadium socialization of women, in which their identity is shaped through their connection with a club and integration in the fan community, is not a new phenomenon, particularly in western European countries, it has not yet been thoroughly studied, including in terms of women’s separate social roles. The authors’ aim is to present the broader context for the appearance of women in stadiums, with selected aspects of women’s fandom as described by western scholars. The authors also discuss what is known at present on the subject in Poland. This is not an exhaustive and multidimensional analysis, but only a signaling of certain interesting analytical categories; thus the ideas contained in the article are primarily of an exploratory nature, though based on empirical data.
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Rosser, Gervase. "Going to the Fraternity Feast: Commensality and Social Relations in Late Medieval England." Journal of British Studies 33, no. 4 (October 1994): 430–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386064.
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In the history of medieval ideas about community, a prominent place must be accorded to the fraternity, or guild. This type of voluntary association, found throughout medieval Europe, frequently applied to itself the name of communitas. The community of the guild was not, however, a simple phenomenon; it invites closer analysis than it has yet received. As religious clubs of mostly lay men and (often) women, the fraternities of medieval Christendom have lately been a favored subject among students of spirituality. Less interest, however, has recently been shown in the social aspects of the guilds. One reason for this neglect may be precisely the communitarian emphasis in the normative records of these societies, which most late twentieth-century historians find unrealistic and, perhaps, faintly embarrassing. But allowing, as it must be allowed, that medieval society was not the Edenic commune evoked in fraternity statutes, the social historian is left with some substantial questions concerning these organizations, whose number alone commands attention: fifteenth-century England probably contained 30,000 guilds. Why were so many people eager to pay subscriptions—which, though usually modest, were not insignificant—to be admitted as “brothers” and “sisters” of one or more fraternities? Who attended guild meetings, and what did they hope to achieve by doing so? What social realities gave rise to the common language of equal brotherhood? This essay is intended to shed some light on these questions by focusing on what for every guild was the event which above all gave it visible definition: the annual celebration of the patronal feast day.
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Jansen, Melanie, and Peter Ellerton. "How to read an ethics paper." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 12 (August 22, 2018): 810–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-104997.
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In recent decades, evidence-based medicine has become one of the foundations of clinical practice, making it necessary that healthcare practitioners develop keen critical appraisal skills for scientific papers. Worksheets to guide clinicians through this critical appraisal are often used in journal clubs, a key part of continuing medical education. A similar need is arising for health professionals to develop skills in the critical appraisal of medical ethics papers. Medicine is increasingly ethically complex, and there is a growing medical ethics literature that modern practitioners need to be able to use in their practice. In addition, clinical ethics services are commonplace in healthcare institutions, and the lion’s share of the work done by these services is done by clinicians in addition to their usual roles. Education to support this work is important. In this paper, we present a worksheet designed to help busy healthcare practitioners critically appraise ethics papers relevant to clinical practice. In the first section, we explain what is different about ethics papers. We then describe how to work through the steps in our critical appraisal worksheet: identifying the point at issue; scrutinising definitions; dissecting the arguments presented; considering counterarguments; and finally deciding on relevance. Working through this reflective worksheet will help healthcare practitioners to use the ethics literature effectively in clinical practice. We also intend it to be a shared evaluative tool that can form the basis of professional discussion such as at ethics journal clubs. Practising these critical reasoning skills will also increase practitioners’ capacity to think through difficult ethical decisions in daily clinical practice.
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Quach, Sara, and Park Thaichon. "Dark motives-counterfeit selling framework." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 36, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-04-2017-0069.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the motives of online sellers of counterfeit products in online social networking sites. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a sample of 22 in-depth interviews with counterfeit sellers. Findings Based on the findings, the authors have developed a framework called “Dark motives-counterfeit selling.” The framework includes ten motives for selling online counterfeit products organized into four main themes. Personal characteristics include self-interest priority and sense of adventure. Moral justifications consist of denial of responsibility, and inequality hypothesis of self-deception process, and social acceptance. Operational aspects include: low-cost investment, free riding on luxury brands’ marketing effort, and invisibility from regulators. Finally, relationship management involves projecting image using volitional cues and interpersonal relationship with buyers. The themes regarding personal characteristics and morality are associated with their choice of counterfeit business. The other two themes are associated with the use of social networking sites for counterfeit business. Finally, some outcomes of online counterfeit retailing were revealed as value creation for the counterfeit buyers and value destruction for genuine brands’ customers. Originality/value This study investigates different rationalization strategies and motives behind selling counterfeit products with a special focus on online platforms. This is among the first to investigate the perspectives of counterfeit retailers in social network sites.
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Hilman, Anton, and Ramadhan Pancasilawan. "Analisis Pandemi Covid-19 Dalam Presfektif Collective Action (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Cariu Kabupaten Bogor)." Ministrate: Jurnal Birokrasi dan Pemerintahan Daerah 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jbpd.v3i1.9401.
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In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, many people are affected by health, economic and social aspects. With the existence of a government policy regarding large-scale social restrictions to break the chain of the virus but it creates new problems in the community. Starting from the existing problems, social actions or social activities can help overcome covid-19. Collective actions taken by the community in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic are small things that can help overcome problems in the community. Community collective action in the form of preventive, curative and promotive actions. Collective preventive action is to distribute masks, hand sanitizers, and spray disinfectants. Collective action in a curative manner, namely by providing social assistance, working on the waqf land and fish ponds, then the visiting neighbor program. Collective action in a promotive manner, namely by disseminating information related to Covid-19 to the public and also by making a handbag made by a cariu student forum from betel leaf. Collective action fosters empathic norms and attitudes in society. Collective action works best when free riding is avoided. The large number of illegal riders made the collective action not maximal. Collective action will also run well if data data and information are well available. Collective action can work well if social capital in the form of a sense of belonging, human values, and empathy grows in individuals.
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AVITAL, DANA. "Gender differences in leisure patterns at age 50 and above: micro and macro aspects." Ageing and Society 37, no. 1 (September 16, 2015): 139–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15001038.
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ABSTRACTThe current paper seeks to explore whether there are differences in leisure patterns among men and women aged 50 and above, and whether the characteristics of one's country of residence influence these patterns. Data were obtained from the first wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE 2004/5), as well as from the database of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The research population comprised 7,769 men and 9,337 women aged 50 and above from 11 European countries. Three clustered-robust logistic regression models examined the likelihood of participating in one or more of three leisure activities: going to sport or social clubs, participating in a course or educational class, and volunteering. Three Blinder–Oaxaca decompositions were used to examine gender gaps in participation in each activity. At the micro level, the results showed that men were more active than women and that men were also less influenced by the observed characteristics. In addition, retirement only increased the likelihood of participating in sport club activities for men. At the macro level, the country's expenditure on culture and recreation was found to contribute significantly to women's participation in leisure activities, especially those in which most of the participants are men. In addition, macro variables as a whole were found to reduce the contribution of the observed micro characteristics. The main conclusion of the study is that the macro factors, especially the country's expenditure on culture and recreation as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product, contribute substantially to reducing the gender gap in participation in leisure activities in older age.
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Stebbins, Robert A. "Sociability Associations: A Literature Review." Voluntaristics Review 3, no. 3 (January 18, 2018): 1–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24054933-12340024.
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Abstract Fellowship and friendly social relations during free time, referred to here as leisure-based sociability, is a prominent reward of participation in many groups based on volunteer membership, consisting for this review mainly of amateurs, hobbyists, altruistically oriented volunteers, and the associations of these three. This benefit is analyzed according to two subtypes: sociable nonprofit associations and social clubs. The goal of this issue of the Voluntaristics Review is to examine the leisure component of these two subtypes as framed in the serious leisure perspective (SLP) as set out in Stebbins (2007 [2015], in press; see also www.seriousleisure.net), put nonprofit sociability in organizational context, and then review the empirical literature bearing on it. Studies and theoretic treatises approaching nonprofit groups from another angle (e.g., organizational structure, management issues, funding sources, governmental regulation, type of employment) are not reviewed. Specifically, this review centers on the relevant books, articles, and chapters listed in the SLP website, which itself centers on amateurs, hobbyists, and career volunteers (the serious pursuits), casual leisure, and project-based interests and includes its extensions in the theory and research on the leisure-related aspects of aging and retirement, arts and science administration, library and information science, positive psychology, therapeutic recreation and disability studies, and tourism and event analysis. Compared with the various specialties in leisure studies, the SLP casts by far the broadest theoretical and empirical net in that interdisciplinary field. The research reviewed shows that such talk—generically known as socializing—reflects one or more of fourteen themes. In general, members find sociability in these clubs and associations in and around the core activities they pursue there and on which the two subtypes have formed. The studies reviewed here, taken together, provide considerable validation of the proposition that leisure-based sociability is a prominent reward of participation evident in a multitude of volunteer groups. Leisure-based sociability is itself micro-analytic in scope, but viewed through the lens of the SLP, it can be further understood using meso- and macro levels of analysis.
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Tetley, Josephine. "Optimizing healthy ageing in disadvantaged communities: insights into older people’s use of health and social care services." Nursing Reports 2, no. 1 (September 19, 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nursrep.2012.e11.
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The European Year of Healthy Ageing recognizes that health care systems need to be improved and reorganized if services are to optimize the opportunities for people to stay healthy and well in their own homes for as long as possible. However, current services tend to be fragmented and insensitive to the needs of older people and their carers resulting in services being underused or refused leading to increased admissions into acute hospital care that could have been prevented. The main aim of the study reported in this paper was to identify the factors that affected older peoples’ decision and choice-making processes, when using or contemplating the use of care services. Using a constructivist methodology, this study used participant observation and 23 interviews in three study settings: an African Caribbean support service, day centers for people with memory and cognition problems and luncheon clubs for older people. An inductive analysis of the data revealed that when older community dwelling people found themselves struggling with certain aspects of their daily care needs; they used adapting, coping and seeking as strategies to manage. Additional issues of how well services were able to meet individual’s aspirations for care and support were identified through themes of match-mismatch, fair-unfair, independence-dependence. The findings reported in this study provide important insights as to how people’s needs are complex yet are negatively affected by rigid state controlled services that ultimately affect individual decisions to use or refuse services.
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Ali, Nadir, and Nadia Anwar. "Vicissitudes of Aphasic Identity: Discourse Analysis Under James Paul Gee’s Identity Framework." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n1p97.
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Patients with post-stroke aphasia experience inability to communicate fluently, which is associated with an injury in the language areas of the brain. While much literature is available on the impact of aphasia suffered by the patient on family and important others, there is a dearth of data concerning the aspects of identity construction of the patient after the disastrous consequences of aphasia disorder. A discourse analytical framework was used by employing James Paul Gee’s framework of identity perception with the aim of understanding the vicissitudes of identity in patients with aphasia. Data were obtained from semi-structured interviews of three participants and their partners. The interviews were video-recorded, transcribed and analysed using Paul Gee’s Toolkit of doing discourse analysis; including four perspectives of identity driven by nature, institution, discourse and affinity. All these aspects were recognised as a negative construction of identity after aphasia disorder except some instances of positive construction in Affinity-Identity. The study concluded that post-stroke reconstruction of identity was an important challenge for the patients, family and healthcare services. In most of the cases, this reconstruction was negatively managed by the patients with aphasia and people surrounding them. Therefore, the present study has suggested the need to develop physical and virtual aphasia groups, such as aphasia clubs, aphasia tea houses and Facebook/WhatsApp aphasia groups, so that patients with aphasia can construct a positive Affinity-Identity within their affinity groups and general identity in other aspects of life. Moreover, a sound and effective training is recommended at social level to sensitize people about patients with special needs.
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Marshak, A. L. "Sociology of culture: Paths of scientific development (1968-2018)." RUDN Journal of Sociology 19, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2019-19-2-313-321.
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The article considers the long path of the development of sociology of culture as a special sociological theory within the system of Russian sociological knowledge. The author describes the fifty-year period of the empirical enrichment of sociology of culture; identifies main research issues within cultural and educational activities (clubs, museums, parks, groups of artistic and technical creativity in cities and villages); provides an overview of key achievements in the sociological study of theater, cinema and the media in the 1970-1980s. It was during this period that the basic directions of the sociological study of cultural life were formed and consolidated the efforts of sociologists: planning, forecasting and managing various types of cultural institutions; scientific planning of cultural development of the city, village, and region; forecasting the development of art and its different types; social indicators of the development and management of artistic culture; economy of culture - improvement of its material and technical base, pricing, efficiency; interaction of different types and forms of artistic culture, their relationship with art; analysis of the cultural life of different social-demographic groups; development of the theoretical-methodological foundations of sociology of culture, its self-determination as a special sociological theory. The author also considers such aspects of the spiritual life as musical culture and features of leisure activities and describes the multicultural state of the contemporary Russian society.
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Elagina, Marina, Alisa Achina, and Anastasia Lomaka. "Features of education of female students in modern educational institutions." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312130.
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Today, both in science and in everyday life, there is an increased interest in the concept of the human body. For a modern person, his body becomes that essential condition that largely determines professional, social and even personal success. It can even be said that the concept of the body is today one of the aspects of the social concept of a person and his place in society. Indeed, there is a clear trend towards an increase in the consumption of services aimed at meeting the need for the formation of a healthy and beautiful body: sports clubs and gyms, home exercise equipment, diet food, body shaping services in a variety of ways, etc. The conducted research has shown that despite the elaboration of the question of self-physical in theoretical terms, there is a certain lack of research in this area with a practical focus. Today, in state policy, the priority is to orient the population towards a healthy lifestyle. Consequently, for psychologists, the targeting of psychotherapy methods should be to help people with different attitudes to a healthy lifestyle. In order for such recommendations to be really useful and scientifically substantiated, it is advisable to identify significant differences in the understanding of the physical self by people with different attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle.
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Kravchenko, Iryna. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN 1917-1940 ON THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 60 (April 26, 2021): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.60.105-116.
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The study of the periodization of the development of architecture of non-formal education institutions (hereinafter NFEI) combines the following aspects: pedagogical aspect (is the decisive one, according to the author), social, political, scientific and technical aspects that are inherent in the era. The author investigates the developmental periods of architecture of non-formal education institutions. The time limits studied in the article from 1917 to 1940 belong to the second stage of development of NFEIs and their architecture - the period of development and formation. Many scholars and educators note that in Ukraine the existence of non-formal education covers the following areas: extracurricular education; postgraduate education and adult education; civil education; school and student self-government; educational initiatives aimed at developing additional skills and abilities; universities of the third age that provide educational services to the elderly. Given the modern interpretation and combination into a single concept - "lifelong learning" - all forms of education, this article examines the formation of the architecture of additional education institutions for all ages, i.e. analyzes the conditions that led to the creation of appropriate architectural forms, and the main, according to the author, examples and characteristics. This stage of development of NFEIs and their architectural and typological links is the period after the First World War and the beginning of the Soviet Union era. The nature of functioning remains mainly compensatory and educational. During this period, a unique world-renowned system of extracurricular activities is developed. Educational institutions and institutions of additional education in public houses and public schools continue to function. Various professional associations were born in the Soviet Union, and clubs, houses, and palaces of culture began to be built for them. In addition, during this period in Ukraine, religious institutions are gradually losing their influence, and educational functions are transferred to other institutions: libraries, houses and palaces of culture and so on. The beginning of the youth movement, stations of young nature lovers are created. The organization of seasonal (summer) children's camps takes new pedagogical and ideological forms. At this stage, specialized institutions started to form that carried out extracurricular educational work in one specific direction: stations for young naturalists, young technicians, children's railways, children's theaters and cinemas, libraries, sports and music schools - specialized non-formal education institutions. Institutions of a wide profile continued to function and had an appropriate number of offices and workshops - clubs of various types.
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Sindik, Josko. "Safety aspects of the bicycle traffic and the needs of cyclists in the City of Zagreb and its surrounding." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 95, no. 2 (2015): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd1502041s.
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The goals of this study were: to determine the possibility of forecasting for the preferences of cycling on the basis of all relevant factors Zagreb cycling (1) and to determine the differences between the participants in all the relevant factors in Zagreb cycling, by gender, in relation to membership in the Association "Trad Union of bicyclists", type of cycling and part of the city where cyclists live (2). Over 3000 members of the Association and cyclists who are not members of the Association ("average" cyclist) are tested, using conveniently assembled questionnaire. It turned out that latent dimensions of the sub-questionnaires well represented themes: barriers to cycling, the role of the City in bicycle traffic, the purpose of using bicycle accident during bicycle traffic. People who are more inclined to participate in city traffic riding, often believe that the City should significantly improve conditions for cycling, tend to safer driving and more negative estimate lack of road cycling conditions in Zagreb. Women and members of the Union of cyclists often feel that the City should improve conditions for cycling and negatively evaluate the existing conditions of cycling, more often use the bike for different purposes and had frequent accidents bicycle. In the northern part of the city, Samobor, Zapresic and Sesvete, Dugo Selo and Ivanja Reka participants were assessed to have the most adverse road conditions for cycling, while the wider center of Zagreb currently has the most favorable conditions for cycling. The results provide the guidance for improving the safety of the cycling in Zagreb and its surrounding, for taking constructive social actions at the state level and on the local-community level, as well as in the broader context of sustainable development.
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Frith, Lucy. "Contacting gamete donors to facilitate diagnostic genetic testing for the donor-conceived child: what are the rights and obligations of gamete donors in these cases? A response to Horton et al." Journal of Medical Ethics 46, no. 3 (September 3, 2019): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2019-105629.
Full textAbstract:
In their paper Horton et al argue that it is acceptable to contact an anonymous egg-donor to facilitate diagnostic genetic testing for the donor conceived child, despite the donor, ‘indicating on a historical consent form that she did not wish to take part in future research, and that she did not wish to be informed if she was found to be a carrier of a “harmful inherited condition”’. There are a number of claims embedded in Horton et al’s position that it is acceptable to contact the donor and request that she at least think about participating in genetic testing. In this response. I will go through their main claims and argue that the area of genomic medicine does not justify exceptions to general consent conditions as the authors suppose and conclude that the donor should not be contacted. I will then go on to suggest a policy change that would address Horton et al’s concerns but would not involve over-riding any previously expressed wishes.
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Wang, Zhen, Marko Jusup, Hao Guo, Lei Shi, Sunčana Geček, Madhur Anand, Matjaž Perc, et al. "Communicating sentiment and outlook reverses inaction against collective risks." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 30 (July 15, 2020): 17650–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922345117.
Full textAbstract:
Collective risks permeate society, triggering social dilemmas in which working toward a common goal is impeded by selfish interests. One such dilemma is mitigating runaway climate change. To study the social aspects of climate-change mitigation, we organized an experimental game and asked volunteer groups of three different sizes to invest toward a common mitigation goal. If investments reached a preset target, volunteers would avoid all consequences and convert their remaining capital into monetary payouts. In the opposite case, however, volunteers would lose all their capital with 50% probability. The dilemma was, therefore, whether to invest one’s own capital or wait for others to step in. We find that communicating sentiment and outlook helps to resolve the dilemma by a fundamental shift in investment patterns. Groups in which communication is allowed invest persistently and hardly ever give up, even when their current investment deficits are substantial. The improved investment patterns are robust to group size, although larger groups are harder to coordinate, as evidenced by their overall lower success frequencies. A clustering algorithm reveals three behavioral types and shows that communication reduces the abundance of the free-riding type. Climate-change mitigation, however, is achieved mainly by cooperator and altruist types stepping up and increasing contributions as the failure looms. Meanwhile, contributions from free riders remain flat throughout the game. This reveals that the mechanisms behind avoiding collective risks depend on an interaction between behavioral type, communication, and timing.