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Elias, Marina Sá, and Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani. "Historical and social aspects of halitosis." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 14, no. 5 (October 2006): 821–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692006000500026.
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Buccal odors have always been a factor of concern for society. This study aims to investigate the historical and social base of halitosis, through systematized research in the database BVS (biblioteca virtual em saúde - virtual library in health) and also in books. Lack of knowledge on how to prevent halitosis allows for its occurrence, limiting quality of life. As social relationships are one of the pillars of the quality of life concept, halitosis needs to be considered a factor of negative interference. Education in health should be accomplished with a view to a dynamic balance, involving human beings' physical and psychological aspects, as well as their social interactions, so that individuals do not become jigsaw puzzles of sick parts.
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Thiel, Mary Martha. "Book Review & Note: Training Guide for Visiting the Sick: More Than a Social Call." Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 61, no. 1-2 (March 2007): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154230500706100126.
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Milicic, Nenad, and Takeshi Hamano. "Re-visiting Popper’s social philosophy concerning globalisation." Theoria, Beograd 63, no. 3 (2020): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo2003017m.
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Globalisation is a phenomenon that dominates the defining spirit (zeitgeist) of our historical time. The article revisits Popper?s critique of the methodology of the social sciences in the light of contemporary theories of globalisation. His standpoint contributes to the establishment of new arguments in the current debate between the pros and cons of globalisation. Here, neoliberalism, the dark side of globalisation, is carefully scrutinised since it is the most controversial consequence of the world?s transformation. Not only does neoliberalisation accelerate the rapid growth of the free market, but its consequences are such that most sovereign nation-states have abandoned the previously de rigueur welfare policies. Paradoxically, the neoliberal economic programme, invoking liberal values with which it has little in common, encourages activities which diminish the importance of regulations and control by the state, ultimately leading to increased social disparity among people and permanently threatening traditional liberal values. Against such a reductionist policy of global social engineering, we oppose the arguments presented in Popper?s critique of historicism and holism in order to revise the methodology that provides the grounds for current globalisation theories through philosophical research. We integrate the facts into a coherent critical argument to point out the shortcomings of these theories and how they can be corrected. Finally, in proposing plausible solutions for the new role of the sovereign nation-state in correcting the negative consequences of the globalisation process, we clarify which aspects within the theories of globalis ation require further philosophical research.
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Tverdokhlebova, T. I., E. V. Kovalev, H. V. Karpushchenko, M. A. Kulak, O. S. Dumbadze, A. R. Litovko, and A. S. Kaljuzhin. "Socioeconomic aspects of COVID-19 on the example of Rostov region." Infekcionnye bolezni 18, no. 4 (2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2020-4-27-32.
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Objective. To evaluate the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 in Rostov region. Material and methods. This article focuses on social and economic aspects of COVID-19. By estimating direct medical costs and gross domestic product (GDP) losses (sick leave days), we assessed the economic damage caused by the pandemic in Rostov region. When calculating direct medical costs, we considered per-case costs of completed outpatient and inpatient treatment and costs of laboratory testing (identification of coronavirus). When calculating the costs associated with paid sick Rostov region in 2020. Results. We found that COVID-19-associated direct medical costs and GDP losses (sick leave days) were 3,174,344,917.04 RUB. Almost half (42.7%) of direct medical costs were spent on outpatient treatment. GDP losses were 1,014,047,274.24 RUB. Conclusion. In addition to the direct impact on the health of vulnerable individuals, current pandemic will inevitably cause longterm socioeconomic consequences for both people and the economy. The assessment of the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 is important to develop effective preventive and anti-epidemic measures, as well as to make optimal management decisions. Key words: GDP losses, pandemic, direct medical costs, PCR diagnostics, Rostov region, COVID-19
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Lantos, John D. "In Practice: Just Visiting." Hastings Center Report 34, no. 3 (May 2004): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3528412.
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Clemente, Mateus Aparecido, Denise Lange, Kleber Del-Claro, Fábio Prezoto, Núbia Ribeiro Campos, and Bruno Corrêa Barbosa. "Flower-Visiting Social Wasps and Plants Interaction: Network Pattern and Environmental Complexity." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/478431.
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Network analysis as a tool for ecological interactions studies has been widely used since last decade. However, there are few studies on the factors that shape network patterns in communities. In this sense, we compared the topological properties of the interaction network between flower-visiting social wasps and plants in two distinct phytophysiognomies in a Brazilian savanna (Riparian Forest and Rocky Grassland). Results showed that the landscapes differed in species richness and composition, and also the interaction networks between wasps and plants had different patterns. The network was more complex in the Riparian Forest, with a larger number of species and individuals and a greater amount of connections between them. The network specialization degree was more generalist in the Riparian Forest than in the Rocky Grassland. This result was corroborated by means of the nestedness index. In both networks was found asymmetry, with a large number of wasps per plant species. In general aspects, most wasps had low niche amplitude, visiting from one to three plant species. Our results suggest that differences in structural complexity of the environment directly influence the structure of the interaction network between flower-visiting social wasps and plants.
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Bräutigam, Barbara, Sarah Lüngen, and Matthias Müller. "Home Visiting Work: A Transdisciplinary Study." Research on Social Work Practice 30, no. 5 (January 14, 2020): 576–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731519898759.
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Purpose: Home visiting (HV) work represents an expanding, extremely promising, and commonly practiced approach that can be seen in various areas of social work as well as health care. This report presents the results of the research study “‘home treatment’ (HT)—transdisciplinary research in HV work.” Method: It is the first German study that has used qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data from different professions in respect to this topic. From the point of view of the professionals, the study underlines that HV work principally seems to be a good base for establishing a professional and confidential relationship. They attribute more sustainability and participation from the clients to home-based interventions than other forms of help. After a short introduction about the current situation of HV work, the research project will be explained and the qualitative and quantitative methods described. Results: The results of the “HT Questionnaire” will be presented in 10 sections and the qualitative results in a model for reflection based on three points of view and five main topics. Discussion: Finally, some ethical and safety aspects will be discussed.
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Vidman, Åsa, and Annika Strömberg. "“Well it is for their sake we are here”: meaningful work tasks from care workers’ view." Working with Older People 22, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wwop-09-2017-0024.
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Purpose Employees in elderly care have a high rate of sick leave. One explanation is that employees that experience a low level of meaning of work are at a higher risk for long-term sick leave. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative interview study aims to examine what employees in residential care facilities experience as the meaningful aspects of their work tasks. Interviews with 14 persons employed in residential care facilities were conducted. Findings The findings show that meaningful work tasks are about organizing the work to make use of the creativity and knowledge of the staff in order to support relations with older people. Originality/value The knowledge about what constitutes a healthy work environment is not as comprehensive as it is about what constitutes health risks. Furthermore, these issues have been considered by only a few qualitative studies about social care in the field of sick leave. Therefore, this qualitative interview study examines what employees in residential care facilities experience as meaningful aspects of their work tasks.
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Stone, Deborah. "Protect the Sick: Health Insurance Reform in One Easy Lesson." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 36, no. 4 (2008): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00319.x.
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In most other nations, insurance for medical care is called sickness insurance, and it covers sick people. In the United States, we have “health insurance,” and its major carriers — commercial insurers, large employers, and increasingly government programs — strive to avoid sick people and cover only the healthy. This perverse logic at the heart of the American health insurance system is the key to reform debates.Focusing on sick people versus healthy people might seem a strange way to view the coverage issue. Most discussions of insurance categorize people into other groupings: the insured versus the uninsured; Caucasian whites versus other racial and ethnic groups; men versus women; poor and low-income people versus everybody else; children, adults, and the elderly; or citizens versus immigrants and undocumented aliens. More recently, health researchers have begun talking about “vulnerable populations,” using most of the same demographic groupings and adding other illness-inducing factors such as social isolation, stress, and impoverished neighborhoods. But as I will show, insurance plans now use premiums, cost-sharing, and other design features in ways that indirectly divide each of these groups into the sick and the healthy, to the detriment of the sick. By shifting the costs of illness onto people who use medical care — that is, sick people — market-oriented reforms of the last few decades have eroded insurance in the name of strengthening it.
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Huett, Bruce. "The revival of Himalayan papermaking: historical, social-cultural and economic aspects." Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 14, no. 3 (November 18, 2020): 421–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2020.632.
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We normally hardly notice the mass-produced paper products that pass through our hands on a daily basis, which we then recycle. In fact it has recently been predicted that books printed on paper will be replaced by digital formats. However, paper endures and specialist craft papers are now being produced in increasing quantities, especially valued by artists and conservators, but also by tourists visiting paper-producing areas around the world. Paper is therefore flourishing even in our computer and mobile-phone focused world. One of the areas benefiting from this revival is the Himalayas. As well as serving the tourist trade these products are now exported world-wide, as they were when paper first arrived in Europe in the eleventh century. There are even organisations that run Tibetan-style paper making workshops in America. This paper focuses on the papermaking revival in Tibet (China), Nepal, Bhutan and Sikkim (India). Using information gained from visits to producers, middle men, as well as retail and export operations, it seeks to compare the economic and social factors influencing the revival, including conservation issues. The conclusion highlights the fact that, even in the twenty first century, hand-crafted items still play an important rôle in our lives.
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Br Sitepu, Sri Nathasya, and Angelica Irene Christina. "Pengaruh Karakteristik Toko terhadap Pengalaman Konsumen Gerai Kopi." Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan | Journal of Theory and Applied Management 13, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmtt.v13i2.18930.
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This research attempts to examine the impact of the coffee shop characteristics towards the consumers experience when they visit the coffee shop. The coffee shop characteristics including functional, atmosphere, design, and social characteristics. The population of this study are all Surabaya productive age residents, and the sample of this study was determined using Quota Sampling and the Isaac and Michael formula with the respondents requirements are those who had been visiting and/or consuming products directly at Starbucks Surabaya on maximum of 2 -3 months before filling out the questionnaire, with total of 384 respondents needed to be obtained. The questionnaire was distributed online and offline, with total 369 questionnaires are used in this study. This research uses SEM analysis. This research found that only the functional and social characteristics of the coffee shop have significant effect on the experience gained by its consumers; while the atmosphere and design characteristics have no significant effect, as the design characteristics have negative effect on the consumers experience. The practical contribution of research for the coffee shop owner are to maintains functional and social aspects as well as, improving aspects of design characteristics and atmosphere so that consumers gain experience when visiting.
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Finlayson, Marcia, and Joseph Kaufert. "Older Women's Community Mobility: A Qualitative Exploration." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 21, no. 1 (2002): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800000659.
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ABSTRACTMany of the limitations experienced by community-dwelling older women are related to mobility within their communities. This qualitative study explored community mobility from the perspective of older, community-dwelling women in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Semi-structured interviews were completed with 23 older women (mean age 75.9 years) identified through an existing database. In addition to travels to conduct instrumental activities of daily living and participate in social and recreational activities, the women in the study described trips to fulfil social obligations (e.g., attending funerals, visiting sick friends) and emphasized the importance of these trips. The women's travels through the city were influenced by their perception of risk and the strategies they employed to minimize or avoid risk during the day, in the evening, and during bad weather. Autonomous community mobility provided the women with a sense of independence and control. The findings have potential implications for health care providers and community programmers who work to maintain older women in the community.
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Sunderland, Ronald H. "The Dignity of Servanthood in Pastoral Care." Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 57, no. 3 (September 2003): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154230500305700303.
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Servanthood is a dominant image of ministry in both Jewish and Christian scriptures, and poses a rich source of material from which to address the theme of human dignity from the perspective of pastoral care. The biblical concept of servanthood, which defines the nature of the pastoral relationship and dignifies the personhood of the care recipient, suggests an approach to the issues of vulnerability of both giver and receiver of care, and proposes that the caring relationship is best conceived as a partnership to which each participant brings gifts. The servant theme implies addressing the notion of the kingship of Christ, how control issues affect the ministry of pastoral care, and the realization that being a servant of the Lord entails a concern for the well being of each individual and of the social order; that is, servant ministry mandates both visiting the sick ( Matthew 25) and seek justice and righteousness as social norms ( Isaiah 16:5).
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d'Oronzio, Joseph C. "Universal Access on the American Commons." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, no. 4 (1994): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096318010000551x.
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As the concept of universal access to healthcare comes to America, an ethical paradox emerges. “Access” is the code word for being assured that sick people without financial resources get appropriate medical care. There is an ethical imperative to provide care for the sick – whether paying or not – and this value ought to give direction to any reformed system.
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Tanaś, Sławoj. "The profane sphere of All Saints’ Day and the social aspects of cemeteries." Turyzm/Tourism 30, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.30.2.25.
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The modern pop-culturization of All Saints’ Day has encouraged the author to explore the profane sphere of this festival, using selected examples from Łódź cemeteries, as well as to write a short comparative description of a Latin American festival honouring the dead celebrated in early November. In the 20th century, visiting cemeteries in Poland on 1st November acquired some attributes of recreation and cultural tourism, visible in the atmosphere of a country fair and the ludic character of the cemetery surroundings, as well as the visitors’ commemorative, contemplative and cognitive motivations. Due to cultural changes, All Saints’ Day is increasingly perceived as a tourist event or even a cultural tourism product. The article presents a comparative description of the All Saints’ Day celebrations in Poland and the Day of the Dead in Latin America, and an analysis of visitors at selected Łódź cemeteries along with a description of the cemetery surroundings on 1st November 2019. The author has used unpublished research results from 2004, as well as discussing the secular and recreational aspects of All Saints’ Day.
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Yarborough, Mark. "The Private Health Insurance Industry: The Real Barrier to Healthcare Access?" Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, no. 1 (1994): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100004771.
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Any humane society needs a just and compassionate way to care for those who are sick, and should be vigilant in identifying and eliminating barriers that frustrate efforts to adequately care for the sick. Some current insurance underwriting practices constitute effective barriers to access to healthcare and serve to diminish the place of freedom and justice in our healthcare system.
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Vvedenskaya, Elena. "Bioethical aspects of robotics in surgery." JAHR 12, no. 1 (2021): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21860/j.12.1.7.
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The article discusses the bioethical aspects of robotics in surgery and assesses the impact of this process on the relationship between the physician and the patient. An engineering model is gradually replacing the traditional paternalistic model of the physician-patient relationship. If paternalism implies the doctor’s attitude to the patient as his sick child, which requires compassion, help, and great responsibility on the part of the doctor, then when implementing the second model, the doctor, like a technical executor, performs only the responsibilities provided by the job description. On the one hand, the dominance of a technical-type model carries the threat of depersonalizing the patient and eliminating contact between the physician and the patient. On the other hand, this contributes to a radical change in the concept of medicine. Why people usually go to doctors? For establishing a diagnosis, prescribing a course of treatment, a prescription, and performing medical manipulations? Machines, leaving a human with a completely different role in the relationship between the physician and the patient, will increasingly perform these actions. The release of doctors from routine tasks will allow them to pay more attention to patient care, fully demonstrating their human qualities. The article analyzes the surgeon’s place in modern medicine and makes an attempt to determine which category the surgery belongs to, “machine territory” or “human territory”.
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Costanza, Alessandra, Andrea Amerio, Andrea Aguglia, Andrea Escelsior, Gianluca Serafini, Isabella Berardelli, Maurizio Pompili, and Mario Amore. "When Sick Brain and Hopelessness Meet: Some Aspects of Suicidality in the Neurological Patient." CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 19, no. 4 (October 13, 2020): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527319666200611130804.
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: Neurological diseases expose individuals to a higher risk of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior, including completed suicides and suicide attempts. They also represent a paradigmatic arena to study the etiopathogenic mechanisms underlying suicidality because they are emblematic of the heterogeneity and complexity of mutual interrelationships characterizing this issue. On the one hand, neurological diseases imply strictly biological impairments that are postulated to be the basis of vulnerability to suicide or result in the need for treatments for which a suicidal risk has been hypothesized. On the other hand, they question some subjective experiences of neurological patients, up to near existential positions. Often, in fact, they are accompanied by severe hopelessness. The latter may originate in, particularly for the most severe neurological diseases, the absence of curative treatments, unpredictable disease progression that leads to acute relapses or chronicity, a decrease in autonomy or selfidentity, progressive social isolation, a sense of becoming useless, and perception of feeling stigmatized. This may ultimately cause a slip into experiencing an absurd condition. At the confluence of neurobiology and hopelessness, frequent psychiatric comorbidities may play a primary role. To conclude, neurological patients require special attention from clinicians in form of openly verbalizing and exploring the suicidal thematic, inquiring about protective and risk factors, and promptly initiating both a psychopharmacological treatment and, where possible, psychological support.
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Agu, Ngozichukwuka, Dogeli Rojas, Tara Foti, Pamela C. Birriel, Jennifer Delva, Temitope Bello, Vanessa Sharon, Shruti Kaushik, and Jennifer Marshall. "A Novel Application of Photovoice in a Statewide Home Visiting Evaluation." American Journal of Evaluation 42, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214020987307.
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Photovoice is an empowering, qualitative, community-based participatory research method that engages participants to take photographs and reflect on their meanings. We employed a novel application of a Photovoice-inspired methodology to evaluate perinatal home visiting services. This article describes the feasibility and utility of remote implementation of a Photovoice-inspired project in one state’s federally funded Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting Initiative. The initial project aimed to identify aspects of parenting roles/identities, goals, and home visitor–client relationship that can be leveraged to improve program engagement and retention. Training materials were sent to home visitors who acted as liaisons with parents. Reflective interviews about this photo-elicitation method conducted with parents, home visitors, and the evaluators following the project revealed that informational materials were beneficial to understanding the process. Home visitors were noted as gatekeepers and key motivators. Trainings, flexibility, timely communication, and logistics should be considered when remotely implementing Photovoice.
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Martin, Richard. "Visiting Ground Zero: sacred echoes in secular rites." Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis 22 (January 1, 2010): 268–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67371.
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For the past several years since September 11, 2001, large numbers of people from across the continent and around the world have visited the site of the devastated World Trade Center in New York. Scholars in religious studies and the social sciences have noticed that there were and continue to be (though less so over time) religious aspects to the observances and performances of visitors to ‘Ground Zero’, as the site of the former World Trade Center almost immediately came to be called. A central argument of this article is that the ongoing stream of visitors to Ground Zero, strictly speaking, does not qualify this phenomenon as a pilgrimage in the traditional religious sense; it is more akin to the growing phenomenon of religious tourism, although it is not exactly that either. Nonetheless the event of 9/11 generated many ritualized activities; the article will also address the process scholars call ‘ritualization’ and related terms in ritual studies. Although ritualized performances at Ground Zero do not amount to a pilgrimage in the narrow sense that historians of religion mean when they analyse traditional pilgrimages, such as the Hajj to Mecca, or following the Via Dolorosa in Jerusalem, visiting Ground Zero has taken on both secular and religious elements.
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Erhag, Thomas. "Legal Aspects of Cross-Border Rehabilitation to Work." European Journal of Social Security 7, no. 2 (June 2005): 139–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/138826270500700203.
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This paper describes the legal situation of European migrant workers who are in need of rehabilitation. For the sick or disabled migrant worker, living in one country and having his/her workplace in another, rehabilitation often raises complicated issues which have to be solved by an equally complex framework of legal rules. In this article, Sweden-Norway is used as a cross-border example to illustrate the problems faced by an insured person and by the social security administration during rehabilitation. The legal problems are basically attributable to differences between social security systems within the EU. Rehabilitation cases are complicated by the fact that the support an individual needs is often not a single benefit. Instead rehabilitation involves a variety of different benefits regulated by different legal instruments. EC Reg. 1408/71 aims to co-ordinate and safeguard the social security rights of migrant workers. However, legal rehabilitation tools, such as sickness and health care benefits, are co-ordinated according to different criteria and special rules covering rehabilitation are not found in the regulation. This leads to a situation where a migrant worker can have the right to cash benefits from one country and health care benefits from another. The result is sometimes confusing, both for the individual and for the administration. The article explores and analyses this confusing situation, paying special attention to the question of legal certainty for the migrant worker.
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Capistrano, Robert Charles, and Adam Weaver. "Host-guest interactions between first-generation immigrants and their visiting relatives: social exchange, relations of care and travel." International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 11, no. 3 (August 7, 2017): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-11-2016-0115.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the social interactions between Filipino immigrant-hosts residing in New Zealand and their visiting relatives (VRs) or guests from the Philippines using social exchange theory to understand their experiences. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative, multi-sited study used in-depth interviews to examine social interactions between Filipino immigrant-host families in New Zealand and their respective visiting relatives from the Philippines. Findings Hosting VRs reflects aspects of social exchange theory, and the interdependence and familial obligations related to VR travel demonstrate mutual relations of care. Maintaining relations of care within the family is an ongoing process involving intergenerational relationships that bind together immigrant-host families and their VRs. Research limitations/implications The conceptualization of the social interactions between immigrants-hosts and VRs is not generalizable owing to the small sample size and lack of representativeness. However, despite a small sample, this qualitative inquiry uncovered a series of personal meanings and understandings attached to the maintenance of familial bonds. Practical implications As immigrant-receiving countries become more culturally diverse through migration, research about other cultures will assist tourism planners in understanding the values and actions of a more varied array of residents. A better understanding of travel experiences and interactions between immigrants and their guests may provide marketers with insights into host-guest dynamics within a VR context, thus potentially enabling tourism marketers to create better marketing campaigns. Social implications Future studies may be undertaken from non-Western and Western perspectives that examine the social interactions between hosts and guests in the context of VR travel. Very little research has been conducted that addresses the meanings and understandings attached to these interactions from the perspectives of both hosting and visiting groups. This research highlights the importance of families in tourism, a contrast with the relative blindness of tourism scholarship toward relations of domesticity and sociality. Originality/value What separates the social interactions between family members in the context of visiting friends and relatives travel from the traditional host-guest paradigm is that it does not involve strangers. This study uses social exchange theory to examine social interactions between hosts and guests who are familiar with each other.
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Konovalova, Olga. "CUBE ON ZAMKOVAYA HORA IN KYIV AS A UNIQUE EXOGENOUS OBJECT OF ART." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 21, 2019): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol4.3970.
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This article analyzes special aspects of the social existence of Station-1 objet d’art, a 108 cm brick cube, on Zamkovaya Hora hill in Kyiv. Created in 2001, this art object is an accumulating visiting center for different social strata, from representatives of informal youth associations to tourists and experts in local history. Transformations of the cube surface are viewed as a range of endless ‘modular combinations’ (Didi-Huberman). Watching people contact with an art object beyond art institutions proves the endlessness of manifestations of both vandalism (destruction) and creativity (poems and texts on the cube planes).
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Dingle, Lesley. "Legal Oral Histories in the Cambridge ESA: Some Examples of Researching Personal, Institutional and Social Developments." Legal Information Management 19, no. 3 (September 2019): 192–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669619000458.
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AbstractThe Eminent Scholars Archive (ESA) was established to record aspects of the history of the Faculty of Law at Cambridge University. It is based on 28 interviews with scholars and, currently, has 66 hours of audio recordings and transcripts, but also includes over 800 photographs and numerous associated items including biographies, bibliographies, obituaries and eulogies. Entries for faculty members cover the period from WWII to the present, while 13 entries focus on the incumbent Goodhart Visiting Professor of Legal Science. The archive is a rich source of information for researching aspects of legal communities, and in this contribution I focus on three aspects: personal histories of scholars, faculty history, and more socially-broad topics. In the first category I seek to show how the ESA identifies crossroads in the personal legal journeys of professors Higgins, Baker, Smith and Crawford, while I use their common remembrances to record an institutional landmark. For the latter, I selected the 1995 Faculty move from the Old Schools to the Foster building on the Sidgwick site. Finally, I show how ESA illustrates components of legal life writing in a broader societal context. Here I compare the experiences of curators of family histories at the British Library, and ‘group biographies’ of court officials as researched at LSE, with aspects of documenting careers of senior legal academics at Cambridge.
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Khogali, Hind Abdelmoneim. "The Effect of COVID-19 on Academic Social Life in Riyadh with a Focus on the Outdoor Environment." Modern Applied Science 15, no. 3 (May 27, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v15n3p45.
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On 18 March 2020, the World Health Organization announced that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had reached global pandemic status. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia implemented a COVID-19 lockdown that lasted for four months. After the period of restrictions ended, people were supposed to return to their normal social lives; however, the lockdown had a psychological impact on people without them being aware of it. This research aimed to study the effect of COVID-19 on social life, mainly focusing on six public activities: visiting shopping malls, mosques, open spaces, interior space, psychological effect, and occupational aspects. The Method survey was distributed during lockdown including the six focus areas and collected using Google Forms. Also, a computer program simulation (ENVI-MET) was used to study and develop an outdoor environment. The research focuses on the outdoor environment to find solutions on a sample used Al Rouda Park in Riyadh. The results demonstrated that people are slowly returning to their social lives during the COVID-19 pandemic by steadily visiting shopping malls, mosques, and open spaces and half of respondents stay at home fearing COVID-19. The research concluded that people should apply health procedures during ongoing time in studied locations and should manage the elaborated psychological effects.
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Tarber, Christel, Lisbeth Frostholm, and Emma Rehfeld. "Talking at cross purposes: Negotiation of the sick role with a MUS patient as a real time social process." Tidsskrift for Forskning i Sygdom og Samfund 13, no. 24 (August 2, 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfss.v13i24.18843.
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Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) challenge our perception of illness. As a consequence, a MUS-patient’s legitimised entry into the sick role, as defined by Parsons, poses a problem for physicians and patients alike. The encounter between patients with MUS and physicians therefore can be frustrating for both parties. The present study is a single case analysis of such an encounter in primary care. Using the microanalytical method of conversation analysis, this study aims to provide a contextualised description of both the patient’s and the physician’s different orientations to the purpose of the encounter. This approach locates the source of the frustration in the participants’ incompatible interactional projects. The patient is oriented towards the emotional and life world aspects of her situation. She is pursuing recognition, not only of the destructive effect that the symptoms have on all aspects of her life, but also of herself as a morally sound person. The physician, on the contrary, is oriented towards avoiding to psychologise the patient and keeping the focus on reaching an agreement about future clinical action. The physician uses ancillary questions to refocus the emotionally loaded contributions from the patient and maintain structured progression. Consequently, physician and patient are talking at cross purposes, and it is argued that this is a structurally facilitated pitfall of the conventional format of primary care visits that physicians are trained to adhere to.
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Traina, Gloria, Pål E. Martinussen, and Eli Feiring. "Being Healthy, Being Sick, Being Responsible: Attitudes towards Responsibility for Health in a Public Healthcare System." Public Health Ethics 12, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/phz009.
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Abstract Lifestyle-induced diseases are becoming a burden on healthcare, actualizing the discussion on health responsibilities. Using data from the National Association for Heart and Lung Diseases (LHL)’s 2015 Health Survey (N = 2689), this study examined the public’s attitudes towards personal and social health responsibility in a Norwegian population. The questionnaires covered self-reported health and lifestyle, attitudes towards personal responsibility and the authorities’ responsibility for promoting health, resource-prioritisation and socio-demographic characteristics. Block-wise multiple linear regression assessed the association between attitudes towards health responsibilities and individual lifestyle, political orientation and health condition. We found a moderate support for social responsibility across political views. Respondents reporting unhealthier eating habits, smokers and physically inactive were less supportive of health promotion policies (including information, health incentives, prevention and regulations). The idea that individuals are responsible for taking care of their health was widely accepted as an abstract ideal. Yet, only a third of the respondents agreed with introducing higher co-payments for treatment of ‘self-inflicted’ conditions and levels of support were patterned by health-related behaviour and left-right political orientation. Our study suggests that a significant support for social responsibility does not exclude a strong support for personal health responsibility. However, conditional access to healthcare based on personal lifestyle is still controversial.
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Sörman, Daniel Eriksson, Michael Rönnlund, Anna Sundström, Rolf Adolfsson, and Lars-Göran Nilsson. "Social relationships and risk of dementia: a population-based study." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 8 (March 17, 2015): 1391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215000319.
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ABSTRACTBackground:The objective was to examine whether aspects of social relationships in old age are associated with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:We studied 1,715 older adults (≥ 65 years) who were dementia-free at baseline over a period of up to 16 years. Data on living status, contact/visit frequency, satisfaction with contact frequency, and having/not having a close friend were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regressions with all-cause dementia or AD as the dependent variable. To control for reverse causality and to identify potential long-term effects, we additionally performed analyses with delayed entry.Results:We identified 373 incident cases of dementia (207 with AD) during follow-up. The variable visiting/visits from friends was associated with reduced risk of all-cause dementia. Further, a higher value on the relationships index (sum of all variables) was associated with reduced risk of all-cause dementia and AD. However, in analyses with delayed entry, restricted to participants with a survival time of three years or more, none of the social relationship variables was associated with all-cause dementia or AD.Conclusions:The results indicate that certain aspects of social relationships are associated with incident dementia or AD, but also that these associations may reflect reverse causality. Future studies aimed at identifying other factors of a person's social life that may have the potential to postpone dementia should consider the effects of reverse causality.
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Folle, Aline Duarte, Helena Eri Shimizu, and Janeth de Oliveira Silva Naves. "Social representation of Alzheimer's disease for family caregivers: stressful and rewarding." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 50, no. 1 (February 2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-623420160000100011.
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Abstract OBJECTIVE To understand the content of Social Representation (SR) of family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients. METHOD Interviews were conducted with 26 caregivers and analyzed by the ALCESTE software. RESULTS The SR content was structured in two thematic axes called Daily Life and Care and Medical and Emotional Concepts and Outcomes. The first axis creates images related to the routine of interaction with the sick person, and contains a description of care procedures, experiences, and practices applied every day. The second is composed of subjective and conceptual aspects that make up the social representation of Alzheimer's disease, with meanings related to the emotional, medical, and biological contexts. CONCLUSION Due to the importance of topics related to patients' dependence and the personal and emotional consequences of the disease, overload is the main content of the SR of Alzheimer's disease for caregivers, and the understanding of these SR by health professionals should support the planning of interventions addressing this group of individuals.
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Marino Cattorini, Paolo. "Too sick for drugs. Too knotty for principles. Scientific research, ethics and cinema." Medicina e Morale 68, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 141–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2019.579.
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A narrative approach to biomedical ethics helps to prevent conceptual abstractions and moralistic deductions, even within the context of the dilemmas raised by pharmacological research. Ethical principles cannot be mechanically applied to concrete situations. First of all, we need to discern the meaning of an action in the light of the whole human story in which this action is inscribed. Moreover, the various ethical theories (which link, structure and prioritize principles) rest on original stories, on visions of the world, which outline ideal examples of behavior. This article specifies each ethical principle, comparing it to cinematographic plots and literary images, in order to verify the pertinence of the rules and judgments formulated regarding problematic aspects of scientific investigation. These films usefully trace social representations and emotionally complex individual experiences, preparing a public debate and responsible deliberation.
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Traphagan, John W. "Culture and Long-Term Care: The Bath as Social Service in Japan." Care Management Journals 5, no. 1 (March 2004): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/cmaj.5.1.53.61263.
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A central feature of Japan’s approach to community-based care of the elderly, including long-term home health care, is the emphasis on providing bath facilities. For mobile elders, senior centers typically provide a public bathing facility in which people can enjoy a relaxing soak along with friends who also visit the centers. In terms of in-home long-term care, visiting bath services are provided to assist family care providers with the difficult task of bathing a frail or disabled elder—a task made more problematic as a result of the Japanese style of bathing. I argue that the bath, as social service, is a culturally shaped solution to a specific problem of elder care that arises in the Japanese context as a result of the importance of the bath in everyday life for Japanese. While the services may be considered specific to Japan, some aspects of bathing services, particularly the mobile bath service, may also have applicability in the United States.
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Tuszewicki, Marek. "Giving Tshuve to the sick: correspondence columns of the Yiddish medical press in Poland." Science in Context 32, no. 1 (March 2019): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889719000024.
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ArgumentSeveral Yiddish medical publications of various profiles appeared in independent Poland until 1939. These print media were associated with OZE and TOZ organizational structures and aimed to promote modern concepts of health and healthcare among the Jewish population in its native tongue. Some of these magazines offered space for direct consultations, which took the form of a correspondence corner. Questions sent in by readers ranged from apparently neutral topics, such as a healthy diet or hygiene, to controversial matters tormenting individuals in provincial milieus. The correspondence gives us an insight into popular ways of thinking about health and disease and indicates issues of high importance for a society in the process of modernization. The present paper discusses the questions and answers as they appeared in the Yiddish medical press (particularly in the Folksgezunt and Der Doktor), and presents the most crucial aspects of Jewish life they shed light on, including the historical and cultural background.
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Roriz, Giovana Ferro de Souza. "HABITAÇÃO, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E DIREITO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO." Direito e Desenvolvimento 8, no. 2 (December 7, 2017): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.25246/direitoedesenvolvimento.v8i2.555.
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Este artigo discorre sobre a habitação enquanto instrumento de política pública voltada para o desenvolvimento, visitando alguns registros históricos dos seus variados aspectos; discorrendo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, sobre a habitação e demonstrando, por meio da experiência brasileira, a realização do desenvolvimento por meio de uma política pública de habitação com participação popular. Palavras-chave: Habitação. Políticas Públicas. Desenvolvimento. Abstract: This article reports on housing as an instrument of social policy towards the development, visiting historical records of its differents aspects; discussing, through a bibliographical review, about housing and showing, trough Brazilian experience, the achievement of development through a public policy of housing with popular participation. Keywords: Housing. Social Policy. Development.
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Glannon, W. "Do the sick have a right to cadaveric organs?" Journal of Medical Ethics 29, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.29.3.153.
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CLAVIEN, CHRISTINE, and SAMIA HURST. "The Undeserving Sick? An Evaluation of Patients’ Responsibility for Their Health Condition." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 29, no. 2 (March 11, 2020): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180119000975.
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The recent increased prevalence of diseases related to unhealthy lifestyles raises difficulties for healthcare insurance systems traditionally based on the principles of risk-management, solidarity, and selective altruism: since these diseases are, to some extent, predictable and avoidable, patients seem to bear some responsibility for their condition and may not deserve full access to social medical services. Here, we investigate with objective criteria to what extent it is warranted to hold patients responsible for their illness and to sanction them accordingly. We ground our analysis on a series of minimal conditions for ‘practical’ and for ‘moral’ responsibility attribution. By applying these criteria consistently, we highlight that individual responsibility applies to risk-taking life choices rather than stigmatized sickness. We explain that responsibility is a matter of degree, that it varies across life-history, and can be affected by factors beyond the patients’ grasp. We point out that scientific knowledge about the effect of these factors generates responsibilities for other parties such as public health agencies and private industry. The upshot of our analysis is that health policies targeting the ‘liable’ undeserving sick are mostly unwarranted, and tend to increase unequal treatment of already vulnerable groups: the unlucky sick.
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Larsen, Svein, and Wibecke Brun. "‘I am not at risk – typical tourists are’! Social comparison of risk in tourists." Perspectives in Public Health 131, no. 6 (November 2011): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757913911419898.
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Aim: The presented research aims to study the relationship between judgements of risks to oneself as a tourist as compared to risks to ‘typical tourists’, ‘average tourists’ and ‘typical tourist from your home country’. Methods: Altogether, 1,892 tourists visiting Norway (summer 2010) filled in a questionnaire on aspects of being a tourist. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group 1 was asked about risk to themselves; Group 2 was asked to indicate their thoughts about ‘risk to typical tourists’; Group 3 indicated risks for ‘average tourists’; and Group 4 was asked about risks for typical tourists from their home country. Results: Results show that all risks were judged to be low, but significantly higher risks were attributed to the typical and average tourist than to ‘self’. Conclusions: The results are interpreted in terms of social cognitive processes such as the ‘optimistic bias’.
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Gribkova, I. V., V. N. Stepanova, and A. A. Zavyalov. "Psychological rehabilitation in pediatric oncology." Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology 19, no. 3 (October 9, 2020): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-3-151-157.
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An oncological disease affects all aspects of the life of a sick child and leaves its mark on its further development, including causing serious changes in the emotional, cognitive, personal and behavioral areas. This leads to a decrease in the quality of life, difficulties of social adaptation. Therefore, such children need psychological help. The article provides an overview of modern research on psychological rehabilitation methods. The following methods are described: sports, artistic activities, the study of foreign languages, laughter therapy, etc. Attention is paid to what methods are most effective for violations in a particular psychological field.
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Chacón Valera, Carla, María Bartolomé Regué, Sergi Font Ritort, and Esther Cabrera Torres. "How to Undertake Aging in a Healthy Way: Changes and Opportunities." Aquichan 19, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2019.19.1.5.
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Objective: To know the socio-demographic characteristics of the elderly adults (60-70 years), of the population of Mataró (Barcelona), and their relationship with the knowledge degree and training needs perceived to face a healthy aging. Materials and methods: Descriptive observational cross-sectional study in which a sample of 306 people was analysed. Socio-demographic data and variables related to leisure activities, health status, training, formative needs and predisposition to take a course on aging were evaluated. Results: About a 60 % of the respondents showed interest in receiving training about; healthy habits (59,1 %), proper diet (62,0 %), work out (59,6 %), future limitations (62,6 %), why we grow old (61,0 %), frequent illnesses in the elderly (62,5 %), use of medication (66,1 %), use of the health system (61,9 %), social resources (70,0 %), new technologies (64,0 %), care of sick people (60,5 %), and security aspects (61,6 %). Conclusions: There is a need to receive training among the elderly adult population in order to cope with aging in a healthier way. The main needs perceived by the elderly are: Healthy habits, possible future limitations due to the aging process, use of medication, functioning of the health system and access to social resources, new technologies and, finally, caring for sick relatives.
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Schmulich, V. "MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMIZING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF PARENTAL CARE." Inter Collegas 5, no. 3 (November 3, 2018): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/ic.5.3.137-142.
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MEDICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMIZING THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF PARENTAL CAREShmulich V., Grechanina Y., Staruseva V., Shmulich O.It is investigated the content of amino acids by thin layer chromatography, in the blood serum of 109 children staying in the home of the child with atopic dermatitis or dysplasia of connective tissue. It is revealed elevated levels of tryptophan at children sick of atopic dermatitis, as well as the level of proline, glycine, lysine at children with connective tissue dysplasia, which confirms the importance of disorders of amino acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of set conditions. Represented the algorithm of diet correction of metabolic and intestinal disorders arising in early childhood.Key words:atopic dermatitis, connective tissue dysplasia, the amino acid composition of the blood, dietary correction. Резюме.МЕДИКО - СОЦІАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ХАРЧУВАННЯ ДІТЕЙ, ПОЗБАВЛЕНИХ БАТЬКІВСЬКОЇ ОПІКИШмуліч В., Гречаніна Ю., Шмуліч О., Старусева В.Досліджено методом тонкошарової хроматографії вміст амінокислот у сироватці крові у 109 дітей, які перебувають у будинку дитини та страждають атопічним дерматитом або сполучнотканинною дисплазією. Виявлено підвищення вмісту триптофану у дітей, хворих на дерматит, а також рівня проліну, лізину та гліцину у дітей з диспластичною кардіопатією, що підтверджує значення порушень амінокислотного обміну у патогенезі названих станів.Представлений алгоритм дієтичної корекції метаболічних, інтестінальних порушень, які виникають у ранньому дитячому віці. Ключові слова:атопічний дерматит, сполучнотканинна дисплазія, амінокислотний склад крові, дієтична корекція. РезюмеМЕДИКО - СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПИТАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ, ЛИШЕННЫХ РОДИТЕЛЬСКОЙ ОПЕКИШмулич В., Гречанина Ю., Шмулич А., Старусева В.Исследовано методом тонкослойной хроматографии содержание аминокислот в сыворотке крови у 109 детей, находящихся в доме ребенка и страдающих атопическим дерматитом и соединительнотканной дисплазией. Выявлено повышение содержания триптофана у детей, больных атопическим дерматитом, а также уровня пролина, лизина и глицина у детей с диспластическими кардиопатией, что подтверждает значение нарушений аминокислотного обмена в патогенезе названных состояний. Представлен алгоритм диетической коррекции метаболических, интестинальных нарушений, которые возникают в раннем детском возрасте.Ключевые слова:атопический дерматит, соединительно дисплазия, аминокислотный состав крови, диетическая коррекция.
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Denton, Margaret, Isik Urla Zeytinoglu, Sharon Davies, and Jason Lian. "Job Stress and Job Dissatisfaction of Home Care Workers in the Context of Health Care Restructuring." International Journal of Health Services 32, no. 2 (April 2002): 327–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/vyn8-6nky-rkum-l0xw.
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Changes in the social organization of home care work due to health care restructuring have affected the job stress and job dissatisfaction of home care workers. This article reports the results of a survey of 892 employees from three nonprofit home care agencies in a medium-sized city in Ontario, Canada. Survey results are complemented by data from 16 focus groups with 99 employees. For the purposes of this study, home care workers include both office workers (managers, supervisors, coordinators, office support staff, and case managers) and visiting workers (nurses, therapists, and visiting homemakers). Focus group participants indicated that health care restructuring has resulted in organizational change, budget cuts, heavier workloads, job insecurity, loss of organizational support, loss of peer support, and loss of time to provide emotional laboring, or the “caring” aspects of home care work. Analyses of survey data show that organizational change, fear of job loss, heavy workloads, and lack of organizational and peer support lead to increased job stress and decreased levels of job satisfaction.
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Gustafsson, Gabriella, Sture Eriksson, Gunilla Strandberg, and Astrid Norberg. "Burnout and perceptions of conscience among health care personnel: A pilot study." Nursing Ethics 17, no. 1 (January 2010): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733009351950.
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Although organizational and situational factors have been found to predict burnout, not everyone employed at the same workplace develops it, suggesting that becoming burnt out is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon. The aim of this study was to elucidate perceptions of conscience, stress of conscience, moral sensitivity, social support and resilience among two groups of health care personnel from the same workplaces, one group on sick leave owing to medically assessed burnout (n = 20) and one group who showed no indications of burnout (n = 20). The results showed that higher levels of stress of conscience, a perception of conscience as a burden, having to deaden one’s conscience in order to keep working in health care and perceiving a lack of support characterized the burnout group. Lower levels of stress of conscience, looking on life with forbearance, a perception of conscience as an asset and perceiving support from organizations and those around them (social support) characterized the non-burnout group.
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Lovelock, Kirsten. "O4C.6 ‘Healthy on the outside, sick on the inside’ -forestry workers, embodiment and biosociality." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A37.2—A37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.101.
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Health outcomes for workers in forestry are shaped by a complex range of exposures, including exposures related to the work environment generated by the industry itself and within a natural environment. We understand how the worker experiences these exposures is shaped by a range of contextual factors including external factors such as market prices and legislation; employer specific factors (e.g. pace of work, provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)); to task specific factors (e.g. repetition, worker control). And, health outcomes from these exposures can range from immediate to delayed, and in duration from acute to chronic. This paper draws on a qualitative research project conducted with forestry workers, their contractors and the CEOs of corporate forests in New Zealand and argues that we need to know more if we are to intervene effectively. Face to face interviews and focus groups were conducted with 100 participants at multiple sites throughout New Zealand (Northland, Gisborne, Central North Island, Hawkes Bay, Wanganui and Otago). This paper focuses specifically on the experiential aspects of being a forestry worker and contractor and how the concept of embodiment and bio-sociality is a useful means by which to understand how bodies are produced and reproduced through labour, how labour converts bodies into social entities and that the body is not exclusively in either the biological or social world, rather bodies are made, have social value and the sociality of bodies shapes altered biologies. These concepts allow us to understand why it is that workers self-describe and are described as being ‘healthy on the outside, sick on the inside’ or ‘fit on the outside, sick on the inside’ and to unpack how social groups form around biological identities marked by ill health or illness susceptibility.
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STRACHECKA, ANETA, ALEKSANDRA ŁOŚ, JOANNA FILIPCZUK, and MICHAŁ SCHULZ. "Individual and social immune mechanisms of the honey bee (Apis mellifera)." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 1 (2018): 6013–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6013.
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Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are constantly exposed to contact with many types of pathogens. However, during evolution they developed a number of immune mechanisms. At the individual level, they comprise 1) resistance mechanisms associated with anatomical and physiological barriers of the body, 2) cell-mediated immunity involving hemocytes (including plasmocytes, lamellocytes, and granulocytes), 3a) congenital humoral resistance related to the activity of lysozyme (N-acetylmuramylhydrolase), the prophenylooxidase system (ProPO) and hemagglutinins (lectins), and 3b) induced humoral resistence based on the action of antimicrobial peptides: apidicines, hymenoptecin, and defensins. In addition to the individual resistance of each bee, there is also a defense mechanism activated at the colony level. Shared secretion resistance is connected with the presence of antipathogenic compounds in secreta and in bee products. Social immunity is associated with hygienic and nursing behaviors, as well as with age polyethism in the colony, swarming (and the emergence of rebel workers), and the changing behavior of sick individuals. Many aspects and interactions between different types of resistance and immunity still remain unexplored. However, current research trends revolve around clarifying uncertainties so as to strengthen the natural resistance of bees and fight against pathogens that threaten the insects..
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Damanhouri, Amal Mohammed Sheikh. "Study of the Social and Cultural Aspects of Saudi Tourists and Evaluate the Services Provided to Tourist of Saudi - An Applied Study for the Tourism Sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." International Business Research 10, no. 1 (December 16, 2016): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v10n1p153.
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The current study is based on the tourism sector in Saudi Arabia. Kingdom’s tourism industry earnings from international travelers and tourism services are poised to hit SAR80 billion in 2015. The tourism industry in Saudi Arabia has witnessed an increasing level of growth in recent years and is seen to continue this trend moving forward. The industry has undergone a major transformation led by the commitment to upgrade the Kingdom’s infrastructure as well as improving its hospitality sector. Religious tourism is the main attraction for inbound tourists and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future, the government has taken steps to increase domestic tourism and persuade potential outbound tourists from vacationing abroad. However, large investment in the sector is required to bring these ambitious plans to fruition. The tourism sector comprises only 2% of government funding compared to the industrial sector. In this report random sampling was used as it is the best known form of probability sample. Pilot study was conducted by taking convenience sampling. To find the quantitative analysis SPSS 18.0 software is used. In this report factor analysis is used for the reliability test of the questionnaire. Chi-Square test is used for comparing the collected data with the desired data from the certain hypothesis on the other hand Pearson Correlation is used to measure means of a statistical test. The study evaluates the services provided to the tourist visiting the kingdom and at the same time it measures the satisfaction level of the tourists. The report is based on primary and secondary data for the primary data the questionnaire was used and being distributed to the tourists visiting the kingdom. Five hypothesis was proposed and are being analyzed using Chi – Square test and correlation test. The current study states that there are several variables, where excellent satisfaction is being rated by the tourists where as there are several factors where the authority needs to pay importance, which is mentioned in detail in this report. The outcome of this report also suggests some major policy recommendation by which convenience, excellence and comfort could be given to the tourists visiting the kingdom.
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Amoretti, Maria Cristina, and Elisabetta Lalumera. "The concept of disease in the time of COVID-19." Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 41, no. 5-6 (December 2020): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11017-021-09540-5.
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AbstractPhilosophers of medicine have formulated different accounts of the concept of disease. Which concept of disease one assumes has implications for what conditions count as diseases and, by extension, who may be regarded as having a disease (disease judgements) and for who may be accorded the social privileges and personal responsibilities associated with being sick (sickness judgements). In this article, we consider an ideal diagnostic test for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection with respect to four groups of people—positive and asymptomatic; positive and symptomatic; negative; and untested—and show how different concepts of disease impact on the disease and sickness judgements for these groups. The suggestion is that sickness judgements and social measures akin to those experienced during the current COVID-19 outbreak presuppose a concept of disease containing social (risk of) harm as a component. We indicate the problems that arise when adopting this kind of disease concept beyond a state of emergency.
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Frangos, C. C., K. C. Fragkos, and A. N. Piperopoulou. "Playing violent games, internet café visits and degree of daily schedule disruption predict internet addiction in a sample of greek young internet café users." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71750-3.
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AimTo estimate the percentage and risk factors of Internet addiction (IA) at Greek Internet cafés.MethodsWe used a questionnaire including questions on demographics, Internet use duration, Internet applications and sites visited, degree of Internet use influence on daily schedule and social relations, psychosocial characteristics of users and Young's IA Test (48 items overall). Our randomly selected sample included Internet café users in Athens and other big Greek cities. The sample size was 686 people (74%/26% M/F) and 12%, 70% and 18% were between 7–14, 15–25 and 26–45 years old respectively.ResultsCronbach's alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.90 for all 6 sections of our questionnaire. The prevalence of IA among Internet café visitors was 20.8% (16.0% men, 4.8% women). IA was significantly associated to Internet use duration per day, Internet Café visits number per week, number of hours playing at Internet cafés per visit, duration playing violent games (e.g. Counter-Strike, Quake, Assassin), duration visiting Facebook and MySpace, and degree of Internet use influence on daily schedule, social relations and psychological attitudes (p < 0.01). Binary logistic regression showed that significant predictive factors of IA were the length of time playing violent games [ORCounter-Strike = 23.6 (95% CI 1.2 − 40.1); ORAssassin = 10.9 (95% CI 1.5 − 43.2)], visiting Facebook [OR = 41.9 (95% CI 19.7 − 87.5)], and deterioration of social relations (p = 0.009).ConclusionIA is frequent in Internet cafés, possibly due to an online gaming addiction affecting multiple aspects of a person's life.
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Pruitt, Rebecca L. "Yes: Visiting the patient helps to fulfill obligations of fairness and to avoid paternalism." Hec Forum 3, no. 1 (1991): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00057840.
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Vanacore, Giuseppe, and Antonio Santoro. "Cure dialitiche domiciliari. Una frontiera da raggiungere, senza trascurare le criticità." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 32, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2020.2196.
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The National Plan of Chronicity, approved by the Italian State-Regions Conference, refers to the topic of home care, specifying how the fundamental objective of chronic care systems is to keep the sick person at home as much as possible. Currently, home dialysis – both peritoneal and haemodialysis – uses high-quality safe technology systems and allows patients to perform therapy safely at home. ANED wishes to stress that the choice of dialysis treatment, which certainly depends on clinical evaluations, must at the same time consider the psychological and emotional aspects of the patient, the expectations and needs of his life and the social context, aiming at an increasingly personalized and sustainable therapy for patients and the healthcare system.
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Mawardi, Kholid, Siti Ma'sumah, and Faradiena Zulizar. "STRATEGI PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN EKONOMI JANDA CERAI MATI." Jurnal Penelitian Agama 18, no. 2 (September 29, 2017): 224–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/jpa.v18i2.2017.pp224-240.
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Abstract: Islam is very protective of women. This can be seen from the verses of the Qur'an and Hadith about the responsibility of a father to the daughter and the husband's responsibility to his wife. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that all informants do not have a permanent job. They just have coarse work and more important is getting money. All informants have dependence on the help of others, whether it's a big kid, neighbors, relatives, friends and even boss. All informants felt that the cost of electricity and gas facilities was high. The costs of other facilities such as vehicles, proper houses and others for them are very unlikely to be fulfilled as they are very big. Social costs such as attending celebrations, visiting sick people and others also they feel very heavy, but they still do it, because they live in the community to get along with neighbors. In fact, all informants prefer social costs rather than the cost of personal needs such as meals, clothing and others. All informants have experienced life deficiency. All informants are very simple in life. Almost all informants applied a system of hole digging holes to fulfill their needs. The divorced widows who become informants rely on neighbors, relatives, children who are independent and the boss to lend them money.
Keywords: Hard work, Dependency, facility costs, digging hole, closing hole.
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Spindelman, Marc S. "Legislating Privilege." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 30, no. 1 (2002): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00716.x.
Full textAbstract:
Serious concerns about pervasive, persistent, and unjustified social inequalities have prompted a small—but growing—number of academic commentators to raise some hard and troubling questions for those who would like to legalize physician-assisted suicide. In various ways, these commentators have asked: In light of existing social inequalities—inequalities that operate, for example, along sometimes intersecting lines of race, class, age, sex (including sexual orientation), and disability—how persuasive are autonomy-based arguments in favor of legalization of assisted suicide when those arguments depend (as they typically do) on a conception of autonomy that either presupposes social equality or does not expressly account for its absence? How compelling are arguments that we ought to legalize assisted suicide out of feelings of mercy for the sick and dying, when such affective expressions may actually be the socially acceptable manifestation of private ambivalence that includes merciless discrimination?