Journal articles: 'Social conflict – Namibia – Case studies'

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Nordtveit, Bjorn Harald. "Discourses of education, protection, and child labor: case studies of Benin, Namibia and Swaziland." Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 31, no. 5 (December 2010): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2010.516954.

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Lee, Changjun, Jin Woo Won, Woosik Jang, Wooyong Jung, Seung Heon Han, and Young Hoon Kwak. "Social conflict management framework for project viability: Case studies from Korean megaprojects." International Journal of Project Management 35, no. 8 (November 2017): 1683–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2017.07.011.

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Balogh, Péter. "Cooperation in conflict." Belvedere Meridionale 30, no. 4 (2018): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2018.4.7.

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Social embeddedness may ensure a facilitating context for cooperation and the opportunity of individual actors to harmonize their interests. In a corresponding social setting coalitions can be formed that have the potential to support goal-attainment. By outlining a brief theoretical frame we intend to apply the concept of social embeddedness and cooperation in the rather specific field of international conflicts. We introduce two case studies investigating the structure of the global coalition of the war on terrorism, and the long-term trends of terrorist attacks and the international cooperation network of terrorist organizations. Based on the results of the case studies we seek to shed some light empirically on the patterns and outcomes of cooperation and coalition building.

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Barstow, Alan M. "On creating opportunity out of conflict: Two case studies." Systems Practice 3, no. 4 (August 1990): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01063439.

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Snorek, Julie, Thomas Kraft, Vignesh Chockalingam, Alyssa Gao, and Meghna Ray. "How Social Connections to Local CBNRM Institutions Shape Interaction: A Mixed Methods Case from Namibia." Journal of Sustainable Development 13, no. 6 (October 12, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v13n6p26.

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Strong social connections between communities and institutions are essential to effective community-based natural resource management. Connectivity and willingness to engage with actors across scales are related to one’s perceptions of institutions managing natural resources. To better understand how individuals’ perceptions are related to connections between communities and institutions, and how these promote or inhibit interaction across scales, we carried out a mixed methods case study on the multiple actors living and working in the Namib Naukluft National Park in Namibia. We took a descriptive approach to the social network analysis and identified distinct subgroups as well as boundary actors for the community-institutional network. Thereafter, we regressed interview data on connections, perceptions, and willingness to reach out to institutions to understand more about network dynamics. Finally, we performed a qualitative analysis of interview data, to further highlight why community individuals were connected to institutional members. Positive perceptions are associated with greater connectivity for two out of three institutions. Better quality connections between community members and institutions was equated with a greater willingness (of community members) to reach out to an institutional member in only one out of three cases. As in other studies, willingness to reach out may be more strongly correlated to intergroup actor dynamics, as shown by subgrouping in the social network analysis, than one’s perceptions alone. This research highlights that direct interactions between community members and local institutions has the potential to support collaboration in the context of community-based natural resource management.

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Bada, Electra. "Greek Roma social performance, resistance and conflict resolution: The case of a Roma trial." Romani Studies 16, no. 2 (December 2006): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/rs.2006.8.

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Ndeshi Namhila, Ellen. "Uncovering hidden historical narratives of village women in Namibia." Qualitative Research Journal 14, no. 3 (November 4, 2014): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-12-2012-0031.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the research techniques used by the author in collecting, analysing and writing life histories of women in the war during Namibia's independence struggle. The interest in recording and writing about these women arose because writing about the independence struggle of Namibia is dominated by men and little has been written about women; the little that is written tends to portray women as victims rather than as independent actors conscious of their decisions and the consequences of such decisions. This history is in danger of being lost if not tapped while these women are still alive. Design/methodology/approach – A life history approach was followed to appraise the methods used to listening to the women narrating their life stories and to listen to their life stories narrated by those who knew them, worked with them, and shared a prison experience with them. These stories were collected through open interviews followed by more structured interviews with list of open-ended questions with each woman. Life history follows an induction approach, starting with the story and using the stories to create themes and a method or framework guiding the interview recordings, analysing, writing and presentation of the story. Findings – The stories of the five women led to the demystification of woman as mere victims of repressive regimes and military conflicts. In collecting oral history sources on a subject such as the liberation struggle in a society that was torn apart by a prolonged military conflict, apartheid and repression, a researcher must respect the stories as told, but an extensive verification of the credibility and reliability of the sources may be required. Authenticity is undermined by the fact that the current society glorifies the independence struggle, and everybody wants to be on the side of the winners, even those that fought against liberation have today become its evangelists. Research limitations/implications – The sources for the paper depend on what the women could still remember and there are no local institutions such as archives and or newspapers to document the events when they happened. Practical implications – This paper argues the case that publishing women's life stories promotes interests in local history and makes significant impact on the socioeconomic status of women. It further recommends methodological approaches in documenting local histories; dealing with authenticity and integrity in each story. Social implications – The paper shows that publishing the life stories of five village women in a book with the title Tears of Courage had positive impact on their individual lives; and that publishing such oral accounts is an excellent way to lift the contributions by women out of obscurity into the mainstream of Namibian history. Originality/value – It is an original paper written from practical research experiences of identifying sources, documenting, interviewing, analysing, writing and constantly cross referencing to verify authenticity and integrity of both written and oral sources.

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Nakaya, Ayami. "Overcoming Ethnic Conflict through Multicultural Education: The Case of West Kalimantan, Indonesia." International Journal of Multicultural Education 20, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v20i1.1549.

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This study examined the effectiveness of multicultural education provided after the ethnic conflict (1996–2001) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Research included textbook analysis, observation of practice, interviews with teachers and NGOs, and surveys of junior high school students’ social identity. Multicultural education was found to help students understand the past and the multicultural situation in the present. However, two problems were identified: stakeholders’ trauma and anxiety regarding teaching the negative past and critical thinking weaknesses, especially in terms of (re)producing prejudice and conflicts. Based on social identity analysis, this study recommends that multicultural education should be implemented under transformative citizenship education.

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Jun, Guichun. "Transforming Conflict: A Peacebuilding Approach for an Intergroup Conflict in a Local Congregation." Transformation: An International Journal of Holistic Mission Studies 35, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265378818767675.

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An intergroup conflict based on fundamental incompatibilities such as different group identity and values is the highest and the unhealthiest level of conflict in a local congregation setting. In this case, a peacebuilding process is required in order to transform the conflict situation to achieve sustainable peace. Different from peacemaking and peacekeeping, peacebuilding takes a longer period to transform the cultural, social and structural problems on the macro level as well as to change behaviours, perceptions and perspectives of individuals on the micro level. This article attempts to disclose the characteristics of intergroup conflict in an urban congregation in the UK to describe its serious intensity by analysing its nature and scale. Furthermore, it demonstrates how the conflict transformation approach, as a long-term peacebuilding process, can be used effectively not only to alleviate intergroup conflict but also to eventually promote rehabilitation and reintegration through fostering a culture of peace.

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Lama, Phu Doma, and Per Becker. "Conflicts in adaptation: case studies from Nepal and the Maldives." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 304–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-12-2018-0393.

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Purpose Adaptation appears to be regarded as a panacea in policy circles to reduce the risk of impending crises resulting from contemporary changes, including but not restricted to climate change. Such conceptions can be problematic, generally assuming adaptation as an entirely positive and non-conflictual process. The purpose of this paper is to challenge such uncritical views, drawing attention to the conflictual nature of adaptation, and propose a theoretical framework facilitating the identification and analysis of conflicts in adaptation. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on case study research using first-hand narratives of adaptation in Nepal and the Maldives collected using qualitative interviews, participant observation and document analysis. Findings The findings identify conflicts between actors in, and around, communities that are adapting to changes. These conflicts can be categorized along three dimensions: qualitative differences in the type of conflict, the relative position of conflicting actors and the degree of manifestation of the conflict. Originality/value The three-dimensional Adaptation Conflict Framework facilitate analysis of conflicts in adaptation, allowing for a critical examination of subjectivities inherent in the adaptation discourses embedded in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation research and policy. Such an inquiry is crucial for interventions supporting community adaptation to reduce disaster risk.

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De Dreu, Carsten, and Peter Carnevale. "Laboratory Experiments on Negotiation and Social Conflict." International Negotiation 10, no. 1 (2005): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571806054741065.

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AbstractThis article describes how laboratory experiments are used by social psychologists and those in related fields to study conflict, negotiation, and mediation. In a laboratory experiment, the researcher experimentally controls one or more variables in controlled, artificial settings that induce processes likely to occur naturally. Laboratory experiments are the primary method used to establish cause-and-effect relationships among variables and to reduce alternative explanations; thus they are primarily concerned with validity of explanation. In this article, we describe several basic design features including conceptual replication, precise manipulation, and the use of a moderator variable, which all help assess the processes underlying a research finding. These design features foster conceptual internal validity, which describes the impact of one variable on another and the quality of such an explanation. Conceptual internal validity provides a basis for generalization of findings and thus new research. It also fosters strong inference, which helps build cumulative knowledge. Laboratory experiments are not well suited to answer all questions and problems – for example, they may not produce deep understanding of a particular historical event and must be supplemented by other methods, such as surveys and case studies.

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San Cornelio, Gemma, and Edgar Gómez Cruz. "Image-sharing and iconicity on social media during the Catalan conflict (2017)." Catalan Journal of Communication & Cultural Studies 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjcs_00008_1.

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The aim of this article is to analyse the role that images have played in the Catalan conflict, using the pictures produced in the days surrounding the independence referendum in Barcelona as a case study. As part of an ongoing research agenda on the role of images in social media, our goal is to develop a framework for the analysis of visual practices on social media in the course of creating and re-signifying images. The pictures analysed were taken in the Ramon Llull Primary School during the days of 1 October 2017 and 3 October 2017.

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Kadan, Sameer, Zvi Bekerman, and Dorit Roer-Strier. "Career choice in the context of political conflict: the case of Palestinians social workers in Israel." Intercultural Education 30, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14675986.2018.1495425.

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Kniss, Fred. "Ideas and Symbols as Resources in Intrareligious Conflict: The Case of American Mennonites." Sociology of Religion 57, no. 1 (1996): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3712001.

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Zuk, Carmen Veiga, and Gerald H. Zuk. "The conflict cycle in the case of an adolescent in crisis." Contemporary Family Therapy 11, no. 4 (1989): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00919465.

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Ragandang, Primitivo Cabanes. "Social Media and Youth Peacebuilding Agency: A Case From Muslim Mindanao." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 15, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 348–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316620957572.

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This article determines how social media, along with institutional affiliation and first-hand experiences of violence, influence youth peacebuilding agency. It utilises the case of a group of university students from Muslim Mindanao in the Philippines who implemented a project that aimed to counter Islamophobia-linked hate speech online. Interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation were employed during fieldwork. The main argument is that the youth peacebuilding agency does not necessarily rest upon traditional peacebuilding structures. Rather, it lays in structural elements familiar to the youth. Access and familiarity of the youths to social media led them to use it as the platform of the project. The conceptualisation of the project was influenced by their first-hand experience of violence and Mindanao conflict. As university students, their institutional affiliation with the academia had supplemented in meeting the resources they needed. Time constraints and family relationships posed a challenge amongst the youth. The empirical findings of this research hope to contribute to studies on youth agency, peacebuilding, and development in post-conflict contexts.

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Theiss, Janet. "Love in a Confucian Climate: The Perils of Intimacy in Eighteenth-Century China." NAN NÜ 11, no. 2 (2009): 197–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138768009x12586661922983.

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AbstractThis article explores what an eighteenth-century case of adultery in an elite family tells us about the status of Confucian marriage and challenges to it in the mid-Qing. The case illustrates the problematic nature of conjugal love in this period, which puts emotions in conflict with ritual propriety, the marital relationship in conflict with the interests of the patriline, and subjective desires in conflict with social duties. The case also offers insights into the emotional world of the period, providing intimate details of the emotional texture of three interwoven marital or quasi-marital relationships. Each represents a deviation from the ideal of Confucian marriage and presents a different configuration of self, sentiment and ritual propriety. Together they offer a rich picture of the intimate realm of family life and the forces that worked to destabilize it.

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Bernick, Susan E. "Toward a Value-Laden Theory: Feminism and Social Science." Hypatia 6, no. 2 (1991): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1991.tb01396.x.

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Marjorie Shostak's ethnography, Nisa: The Life and Words of a !Kung Woman, is analyzed as a case study of feminist social science. Three principles of feminist research are suggested as standards for evaluation. After discussion of the principles and analysis of the text, I raise a criticism of the principles as currently sketched. The entire project is framed by the question of how best to resolve conflict between researcher and participant accounts.

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Zmyślony, Piotr, Joanna Kowalczyk-Anioł, and Monika Dembińska. "Deconstructing the Overtourism-Related Social Conflicts." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041695.

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The debate on overtourism still lacks conceptual precision in its delineation of the constituent elements and processes. In particular, conflict theory is rarely adopted, even though the social conflict is inscribed into the nature of this phenomenon. This article aims to frame the discussion about (over)tourism within the perspective of social conflict theory by adopting the conflict deconstructing methods in order to diagnose the constructs and intensity of disputes associated with overtourism. In pursuit of this aim, the study addresses the following two research questions: (1) To what extent has the heuristic power of the conflict theory been used in overtourism discourse? and (2) How can overtourism be measured by the nature of the social conflicts referring to urban tourism development? The systematic literature review was conducted to analyze research developments on social conflicts within the overtourism discourse. In the empirical section (the case studies of the Polish cities, Krakow and Poznan), we deconstruct the social conflicts into five functional causes (i.e., values, relationship, data, structural, and interests) to diagnose the nature of the conflicts with respect to urban tourism development. This study shows that value conflicts impact most intensively on the nature and dynamics of the conflicts related to overtourism.

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Ghoshal, Raj. "Argument Forms, Frames, and Value Conflict: Persuasion in the Case of Same-Sex Marriage." Cultural Sociology 3, no. 1 (March 2009): 76–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975508100672.

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Moore, Dahlia, and Abraham Gobi. "Role conflict and perceptions of gender roles (the case of Israel)." Sex Roles 32, no. 3-4 (February 1995): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01544791.

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Neil, Bronwen. "Addressing Conflict in the Fifth Century: Rome and the Wider Church." Scrinium 14, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 92–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18177565-00141p08.

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Abstract In seeking to trace the escalation, avoidance or resolution of conflicts, contemporary social conflict theorists look for incompatible goals, differentials in power, access to social resources, the exercise of control, the expression of dissent, and the strategies employed in responding to disagreements. It is argued here that these concepts are just as applicable to the analysis of historical doctrinal conflicts in Late Antiquity as they are to understanding modern conflicts. In the following, I apply social conflict theory to three conflicts involving the late antique papacy to see what new insights it can proffer. The first is Zosimus's involvement in the dispute over the hierarchy of Gallic bishops at the beginning of the fifth century. The second and longest case-study is Leo I's intervention in the Chalcedonian conflict over the natures of Christ. The final brief study is the disputed election of Symmachus at the end of the fifth century.

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Trouille, David. "Fencing a Field: Imagined Others in the Unfolding of a Neighborhood Park Conflict." City & Community 13, no. 1 (March 2014): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12052.

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This article offers a detailed analysis of a neighborhood dispute over fencing a public park. Unlike the archetypal turf battles between longstanding and new neighborhood residents described in previous research, here the daily visits of Latino “outsiders” coming into a local public space produce conflict over park usage and control. The usually cited conditions for conflict, such as reactionary residents resisting ethnic transition and protecting their backyards, do not apply in this case, as the park sits amidst a relatively stable, affluent, white “liberal” neighborhood. This case study shows how sources of tension and trouble extend beyond the property interests and actions of the park users to include the more symbolic and indirect concerns about identity as reflected in park use. Together with longstanding concerns over neighborhood reputation and property values, changing demographics and greater sensitivity to the perception of racism distinctively shaped the unfolding of conflict in this case. The bumpy course of conflict and shifting opinions about the fence shed light on the new complexities and contradictions of contemporary social diversity and exclusion in city parks and other public spaces.

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Bukari, Kaderi Noagah, Papa Sow, and Jürgen Scheffran. "Cooperation and Co-Existence Between Farmers and Herders in the Midst of Violent Farmer-Herder Conflicts in Ghana." African Studies Review 61, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 78–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.124.

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Abstract:Despite periodic violent conflict between farmers and Fulani herders in many parts of Ghana, cooperative relations between them remain strong. They are “cultural neighbors” who cooperate both in times of violent conflict and during periods of no conflict. Cooperation between them is expressed through everyday interactions, cattle entrustment, resource sharing, trade, friendship, intermarriages, visitations, exchanges, communal labor, and social solidarity. Borrowing from theorizations of cultural neighborhood and everyday peace, this paper uses specific case studies from Northern and Southern Ghana to illustrate the enactment of cooperation between herders and farmers in areas of violent farmer-herder conflict.

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Tripathi, R. C., R. Kumar, and V. N. Tripathi. "When the Advantaged Feel Victimised: The Case of Hindus in India." Psychology and Developing Societies 31, no. 1 (March 2019): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971333618825085.

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This article seeks to understand the collective victimhood of the Hindus, a majority group in India, relative to the feelings of collective victimhood of the Muslim minority. It studies the role that is played by feelings of collective victimhood (CV) along with ingroup identity, fraternalistic relative deprivation (FRD), intergroup emotions and relative power in responding to intergroup conflict situations. The results showed that Hindus reported collective victimhood in greater amount compared to Muslims. Muslims felt more FRD than Hindus. Hindus also carried more negative emotions as a consequence of experiencing collective victimhood. The preferred reaction of Hindus in conflict situations was of revenge and less of reconciliation. Collective victimhood of Hindus was explained by ingroup identity and negative emotions associated with the experiences of collective victimhood and fraternalistic relative deprivation. The action of revenge of Hindus and Muslims was explained by different sets of factors. Identity and CV-related negative emotions were more important in explaining the revengeful reactions of Hindus, while in the case of Muslims relative power, FRD and FRD-related negative emotions were found more efficacious. Results are explained in the context of current Hindu–Muslim relations in India.

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Olorunnisola, Titus S. "Rhapsody of Religious Violence in Nigeria: Dynamics, Case Studies, and Government Responses." International Journal of Social Science Research 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v8i1.15394.

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This article examines the commonalities in the case studies of religious cum political violence in three states of northern Nigeria. The dynamics of religious violence in Nigeria attest to the existing social theories of conflict. The article concluded that there exist certain frenzy elements that have aided the occurrences and the spread of the wave of violence bearing upon multiple factors. The article suggested that a holistic approach which draws insights from the series of the existing cases of violence would be instrumental in propounding a lasting solution to the recurrent incidence of religiously motivated violence in Nigeria.

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Bartholomew, Theodore T. "Omunanamwengu (The Mad One): A Multiple Case Study of Individual and Familial Experiences of Madness Among the Northern Namibian Aawambo." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 51, no. 7-8 (June 26, 2020): 597–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022120938147.

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To understand mental illness in cultural contexts, research should focus on locally informed concepts of illness and the lived experiences of such conditions. Understanding mental illness, its prevalence, and its influence on people’s lives in Namibia represents one such context where attention to the lived experience of mental illness remains understudied. The purpose of the current study was to build upon ethnographic findings about mental illness as madness ( eemwengu) among the Namibian Aawambo. To that end, a multiple case study design was used to explore the lived experience of being omunanamwengu (the mad one). Data were collected from four cases that were bound by the experience of mental illness. Within each case, the individual experiencing illness ( omunanamwengu), family members, and both omunanamwengu and family members were interviewed formally (via a semi-structured interview protocol) or informally due to participants’ preferences for not being recorded. Using Stake’s suggested approach to multiple-case study cross-case analysis, each individual case is described and cross-case themes (Development and Symptoms of Mental Illness; Marginalization and Omunanamwengu; Family Roles in the Lives of the Distressed and Eemwengu; Belief in Treatment) were identified. Findings are discussed in light of the role of beliefs in treatment as well as family involvement, the potential influence of discrimination on mental illness, and implications for practice and cross-cultural psychology.

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Daud, Ilyas. "QURANIC EXEGESIS AS SOCIAL CRITICISM: The Case of Tafsîr al-Azhâr." ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam 21, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ua.v21i1.7828.

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This paper examines one of Nusantara commentary books entitled Tafsîr al-Azhâr that is written by Hamka. By analyzing the contents of the commentary and tracing the historical roots of the birth of the work, this study shows that Hamka contextualises his interpretation as a criticism against the Sukarno regime. Among the critiques that he poses in his commentary suggest that Sukarno aligns to Communism and the political policies of his administration resonate to the interest of Communist while at the same time are detrimental to that of Muslims. From the historical perspective, there was, in fact, a conflict between Hamka and Sukarno concerning the issue of Communism. In other words, there is a close relationship between Sukarno’s affinity to Communism and Muslim’s conflict with Communists in Indonesia. In the development of tafsîr studies so far, tracing the interpretation material in the context of social criticism is considerably understatement. This is the reason why this study takes this approach. This study suggests that tafsîr (Quranic exegesis) is not just a task of understanding the divine message, but can also be a social critic.

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Morelon, Claire. "Social Conflict, National Strife, or Political Battle? Violence and Strikebreaking in Late Habsburg Austria." European History Quarterly 49, no. 4 (October 2019): 650–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691419875564.

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This article analyses the practices of violence during strikes in Habsburg Austria from the 1890s until the outbreak of the First World War. As the number of social conflicts rose at the turn of the century, strikes increasingly became one of the main sites of public violence in Austrian society, alongside demonstrations. Violent confrontations between strikers, strike-breakers, and the state forces protecting them frequently occurred. The first section discusses the state repression used to quell internal unrest and its consequences on the rule of law. The following sections explore the micro-dynamics of strikebreaking within the larger context of the reaction against Social Democracy in the period. Especially after the successful mobilization for suffrage reform in 1905–906, employers and other propertied classes saw strikers as part of a general threat. The Czech and German nationalist workers’ movements can also be reassessed through the lens of these social conflicts, rather than only as manifestations of radical nationalism. Strikes are here analysed as one case study addressing current debates in the historiography on the Habsburg Empire: first on the implementation of the rule of law on the ground in Habsburg Austria, then on the impact of democratization in the decades before 1914.

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Valkonen, Jarno, Sanna Valkonen, and Timo Koivurova. "Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland." Ethnicities 17, no. 4 (June 19, 2016): 526–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796816654175.

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The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat ethnic groups, nations and races as substantial entities and the tendency to reify such groups as if they were unitary collective actors. The aim of the article is to deconstruct groupist thinking related to indigenous rights by analytically separating the concepts of group and category. This allows us to deconstruct the ethnicised conflict and analyse what kinds of political, social and cultural aspects are involved in it. We conclude that indigeneity is not an ethnocultural, objectively existing fact, but rather a frame of political requirements.

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Musaeus, Peter, and Svend Brinkmann. "The semiosis of family conflict: A case study of home-based psychotherapy." Culture & Psychology 17, no. 1 (March 2011): 47–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x10388851.

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Kopren, Ana, and Hans Westlund. "Bridging versus Bonding Social Capital in Entrepreneurs’ Networks: The Case of Post-Conflict Western Balkans." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 3371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063371.

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This article examines the value and effect of social capital deriving from cross-ethnic business cooperation on social networks and society in the aftermath of war. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the social function entrepreneurship conveys beyond its economic role. Based on Putnam’s bridging and bonding social capital theory and Granovetter’s theory on weak ties, the article studies ties between entrepreneurs originating from different ethnic groups in ethnically divided post-conflict societies. This study highlights the capacity of entrepreneurs to produce and generate social capital across ethnic lines. The field study includes surveys and interviews in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and North Macedonia. The results show that the majority of entrepreneurs cooperate and employ across ethnic lines. Cross-ethnic business relationships formed between entrepreneurs create benefits not only for entrepreneurs but also for building social capital across ethnic lines, thus forming valuable, yet depleted, social capital in post-conflict societies. Voluntary relationships between managers and business owners set a valuable model of weak ties facilitating associative behaviour among divided ethnic groups. Business exchange and relationships create social values that transcend a simple financial transaction. Value is in the form of friendship and trust, a reliance that maintains entrepreneurs’ relationships and contributes to the social capital.

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Ulum, Miftahul. "Fikih Sosial (Pendekatan Teori Hubungan Otoritas dan Konflik Sosial Ralf Dahrendolf dan Kajian Kasus Konflik Otoritas Sunni-Syi’ah di Sampang Madura)." Syaikhuna: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pranata Islam 9, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/syaikhuna.v9i1.3188.

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Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory states that the structural changes can be classified on the basis of their extremities and based on their abrupt or unexpected levels. In this case Ralf Dahrendorf admits that his theory of emphasis on conflict and social change is a one-sided perspective of social reality. This is because although the theory of structural functionalism and conflict theory is perceived by Ralf Dahrendorf as a valid perspective in approaching social reality, it includes only a part of the social reality that should be. Both theories are incomplete when used separately, and therefore should be used together, in order to obtain a complete picture of social reality. As an example of case studies, the intra-religious authoritative conflict occurring in Sampang between the Sunni and Shiite schools is a flow rush that has reduced social harmonization among the Sampang and Madurese communities in general, causing intense social tensions. Sociologically, the existence of ulema among the Madurese is not only regarded as a religious elite, but also as a non-formal leader by the Madurese people who are considered to have social authority to determine life and community life.

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Nababan, Kristina Roseven. "Conflict Dynamic Framework: Religious Conflict Issues in Special Region of Yogyakarta." Humaniora 10, no. 3 (December 20, 2019): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v10i3.6006.

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The researcher analyzed the conflict dynamic framework of religious conflict issues in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2014-2017. The research used qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques were primary data through interviews, observations, and secondary data through literature studies. Data analysis included data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results show that the conflict escalation degree in these past three years commonly is at the mass mobilization. Public-influencing religious and social figures successfully de-escalate it. Moreover, structural factors are triggered by education and policy of house of worship building, religious preaching, and exclusiveness. Those are also accelerated by society’s aggressiveness. Actors of conflict, in this case, are probably mass organizations and migrant communities. The related government agencies to resolve the conflict, and active participation from religious leaders, public figures, police, military, Ministry of Religious Affairs, Ministry of Law and Human Rights, Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU - General Elections Commission of Indonesia), and Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (Bawaslu - Election Supervisory Board of Indonesia) are proven to have capacity to settle the issue.

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Fitzgerald, John. "The Misconceived Revolution: State and Society in China's Nationalist Revolution, 1923–26." Journal of Asian Studies 49, no. 2 (May 1990): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057300.

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The process of state-building in the Chinese revolution was confounded, and remains obscured, by a contest between rival claimants to state power in the Nationalist and Communist parties. There is a natural temptation to trace conflict in the state-building process to ideological differences between the two parties, as they did themselves, and to overlook their similarities and downplay the potential for political conflict and social resistance inherent in state-building generally. This is the case with histories of the Nationalist Revolution of the 1920s, when the two parties came together briefly to fight for national unification and independence. Each party is assigned an irreconcilable difference of purpose, the Nationalists aiming for cohesive national revolution and the Communists for divisive social revolution, and their combined efforts are represented as the historical working through of this conflict of purpose (Rankin, Fairbank, and Feuerwerker 1986:10; Wilbur 1984). The clash of aims seems to be not far removed from a clash of ideologies, and the collapse of this First United Front is portrayed as the historical resolution to a philosophical contradiction. In the definitive words of C. Martin Wilbur, “The main weakness was disagreement among the leaders concerning the social goals of the national revolution,” traceable to “competing ideologies among intellectuals throughout China” (Wilbur 1968:223). Conflict between the parties and within society boils down, in the end, to an ideological dispute.

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Wyness, Michael. "Childhood, Human Rights and Adversity: The Case of Children and Military Conflict." Children & Society 30, no. 5 (August 10, 2016): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/chso.12171.

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King, Leslie. "Ideology, Strategy and Conflict in a Social Movement Organization: The Sierra Club Immigration Wars." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.13.1.c7pv26280665g90g.

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What cultural and structural factors allow conflict in a social movement organization to persist over long periods of time? Using data gleaned from interviews, archival materials, newspaper articles and online sources, I examine the Sierra Club's conflict over immigration policy, an issue which has persisted for decades without clear resolution. I argue that ideology accounts for some activists' position on club policy, while others based their stance on strategic concerns, which were linked in part to forces external to the club. At the same time, the democratic structure of the Sierra Club has allowed factions to continue working towards their own agendas. This case reveals a more complicated connection between ideology and strategy than previous studies have indicated and illuminates how intense conflict may not necessarily be associated with dramatic outcomes.

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Reid, Wendy, and Rekha Karambayya. "Impact of dual executive leadership dynamics in creative organizations." Human Relations 62, no. 7 (June 19, 2009): 1073–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726709335539.

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The paradoxical co-existence of business and artistic objectives in creative organizations provides a useful background to explore the conflict dynamics of dual executive leadership. Using a social psychological lens, eight case studies of non-profit performing arts companies in Canada generated two sets of findings that highlight 1) types of conflict dissemination beyond the duo and 2) their co-occurrence with conflict types impacting on the organization's ability to function well. The study also re-confirmed types of conflict as found in the leadership duo.

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Omona, Julius, and Jennifer Rose Aduo. "Gender issues during post-conflict recovery: the case of Nwoya district, northern Uganda." Journal of Gender Studies 22, no. 2 (June 2013): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2012.723359.

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Budnik, Maria, Katrin Grossmann, and Christoph Hedtke. "Migration-Related Conflicts as Drivers of Institutional Change?" Urban Planning 6, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i2.3800.

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This article examines the role of social conflicts in the context of migration and discusses the relation between such conflicts and institutional change. We understand conflicts as tensions that evoke contradiction between different social groups or institutional actors. Varied urban contexts together with dynamic immigration of heterogeneous population groups can induce negotiation processes that affect institutional settings and actors. Conflicts have therefore been an integral part of urban coexistence, and cities have always been places where these conflicts play out. We assume that conflicts are social phenomena, which have multiple causes and effects. Public assumptions about conflicts in connection with migration often have a negative or destructive impetus, while conflict theory ascribes to conflicts potential positive effects on societal change. Conflicts can represent forms of socialization and the possibility of adapting or changing social conditions. This article discusses the extent to which migration-related conflicts induce institutional change. Using qualitative empirical results from the BMBF-funded research project MigraChance, we present a case study that reconstructs the emergence and course of a conflict surrounding the construction of a Syriac-Orthodox church in Bebra (Hesse) in the 1990s. Analyzing this conflict both in depth and in relation to its local context, we show that migration is only one part of what we refer to as migration-related conflicts, and we shed light on the complexity of factors that can result in institutional change. Change can also occur indirectly, in small steps, and with ambivalent normative implications.

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Muscat, Robert J. "Peace and Conflict: Engineering Responsibilities and Opportunities." International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 2, no. 1 (May 30, 2013): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v2i1.3661.

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In many conflicts, the consequences of engineering projects are among the problems at issue, and engineers are unavoidably parties to the problems. Engineers need to raise their awareness of the potential effects of their projects, especially in situations of serious social and political contention, and to explore alternative designs or engineering solutions, and methods of implementation, that may ameliorate rather than exacerbate tensions. Engineers will also need to dialogue effectively with the many stakeholders affected if these projects are to be politically viable and achieve their technical purposes. The paper draws on several case studies of engineering projects in conflict situations, especially in developing countries. The article offers a check list of factors to take into account when designing and locating power, irrigation, mining, transport, and other types of engineering projects, in areas of conflict or potential conflict. The focus of the paper is primarily, but not entirely, on social conflict.

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Ngololo Kamara, Elizabeth, Choshi Kasanda, and Gert Van Rooy. "Provision of Integrated Early Childhood Development in Namibia: Are We on the Right Track?" Education Sciences 8, no. 3 (August 7, 2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci8030117.

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The provision of Integrated Early Childhood Development (IECD) positively impacts children’s futures physically, cognitively, emotionally and socially. The assessment sought to inform intervention programs to improve the status of children’s physical, social-emotional, cognitive and educational needs, as well as their health and nutritional needs. A mixed method approach was used to collect data: a survey and multiple case studies through interviews with 32 caregivers were conducted and focus group discussions were held with community members. The findings show that the Early Childhood Development (ECD) centers lacked the essential prerequisites for the provision of quality IECD education as per the requirements stipulated in the Adapted Theory of Change (ATC). The study recommends formation of smart partnerships in providing integrated childhood development services at ECD centers to meet their health, sanitation, nutritional, physical, socio-emotional and cognitive needs.

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COOPER, LOURDES M., and JENNIFER A. ELLIOTT. "PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY IN THE PHILIPPINE EIA PROCESS." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 02, no. 03 (September 2000): 339–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333200000400.

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Since 1992, the Philippines has employed an innovative requirement to demonstrate social acceptability in project planning as a means through which public participation can be established. This paper discusses the participatory mechanisms used and evaluates the effectiveness of public participation in three case studies from key development sectors. In doing so, the existing conceptual frameworks for evaluating public participation are further developed through insights to community empowerment and sustainability in particular. Whilst increased public participation has resulted in improvements in the EIA process and environmental decision making in the Philippines, the evaluation of the case studies also reveals substantial issues of conflict within the communities and of the representation of diverse local interests at core stages in the planning process.

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Gomez, Carolina, and Kimberly A. Taylor. "Cultural differences in conflict resolution strategies." International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 18, no. 1 (December 27, 2017): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470595817747638.

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Cross-cultural differences in norms, values, and beliefs abound and impact preferred conflict resolution strategies. Potential differences in values and subsequent conflict resolution strategies can exacerbate the underlying conflict unless they are well understood. We study the case of differences in conflict resolution strategies between the United States and Mexico as well as studying the underlying value differences that explain their preferences. In a quasi-experimental study, we found that Mexicans, compared to US participants, appear to have a greater preference for both the use of social influence and negotiating when confronting a conflict. Moreover, it appears that collectivism helps explain these country differences as it mediated the relation between country and the likelihood of using social influence and negotiation. In addition, perceptions of fairness had a stronger influence on the preference that US participants had for negotiation as a conflict resolution strategy. The research helps illuminate the underlying mechanisms through which culture impacts conflict resolution strategy.

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Jane, Emma A. "‘Dude … stop the spread’: antagonism, agonism, and #manspreading on social media." International Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 5 (March 10, 2016): 459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877916637151.

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Feminist campaigns on social media platforms have recently targeted ‘manspreading’ – a portmanteau describing men who sit in a way which fills multiple seats on public transport. Feminists claim this form of everyday sexism exemplifies male entitlement and have responded by posting candid online photographs of men caught manspreading. These ‘naming and shaming’ digilante strategies have been met with vitriolic responses from men’s rights activists. This article uses debates around manspreading to explore and appraise some key features of contemporary feminist activism online. Given the heat, amplification, and seemingly intractable nature of the argument, it investigates the usefulness of Chantal Mouffe’s agonistic pluralism to unpack the conflict. Ultimately, however, agonistic theory is found to have limits – in terms of this case study as well as more broadly. Some final thoughts are offered on how feminists might best navigate the pitfalls of online activism – including the problem of ‘false balance’ – going forward.

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Haigh, Richard, Siri Hettige, Maheshika Sakalasuriya, G. Vickneswaran, and Lasantha Namal Weerasena. "A study of housing reconstruction and social cohesion among conflict and tsunami affected communities in Sri Lanka." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 25, no. 5 (July 11, 2016): 566–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-04-2016-0070.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyse the role of housing reconstruction projects in post conflict and post tsunami Sri Lanka, and to discuss their implications on conflict prevention. Design/methodology/approach Using four housing reconstruction projects in Batticaloa, Kilinochchi and Jaffna Districts, Sri Lanka, as case studies, and a novel methodological framework, the study explores the causal relations among the independent variables associated with housing reconstruction and dependent variables related to conflict prevention. The data, gathered from interviews and project reports, were analysed using propositions from a literature review, adopting a thematic analytical approach. Findings This study finds that reconstruction has created new forms of conflicts and tensions for the people who came to live in the newly constructed houses. The hostile relations that existed among different ethnic groups during the conflict were continued, and to some extent, exacerbated by the reconstruction undertaken after the war. Practical implications The study identifies causal relations among the independent variables associated with housing reconstruction and dependent variables related to conflict prevention, which can be used to inform physical reconstruction programmes after conflict. Originality/value The research presents a novel methodological framework. The results reveal concerns in housing and infrastructure development that have implications for future research and practice in post conflict environments.

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Randall, Adrian, and Edwina Newman. "Protest, Proletarians and Paternalists: Social Conflict in Rural Wiltshire, 1830–1850." Rural History 6, no. 2 (October 1995): 205–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300000078.

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Few historians have made a more significant contribution to our understanding of social relations in the English countryside in the early nineteenth century than Roger Wells. In a series of publications, he has consistently and persuasively argued that, in the years from 1790 to 1834, the labourers of southern England fell victim to the rise of a new aggressive agrarian capitalism which fractured and destroyed an older complex social system, replacing it with the naked power of class interest and ushering in a new class consciousness among the rural labourers which corresponded to that developing in the towns among the industrial labourers. This class consciousness was the product of an active resistance which sometimes, as in Swing, took the form of overt protest. Swing, Wells believes, marked the clear expression of class conflict in the countryside. The labourers' defeat was compounded by the New Poor Law, by which triumphant agrarian capitalism imposed its new sway. Placing ‘a priceless premium on employment’, the New Poor Law transferred power into the hands of the large capitalist farmers who speedily came to dominate the Union boards. Under its pressure, residual aspects of ‘class collaboration’ between the labourers and the superior social orders dissolved. The labourers were left to develop a defensive class culture which found echoes in Chartism but was seen more extensively in a ‘class war’ which took the form of disorder, arson, poaching, ‘rough’ behaviour or in a parodied or cynical deference. Persuasive as Wells'’ case is, however, one element of rural society is, by and large, missing from it, and indeed from many other studies of rural protest in the nineteenth century: namely the landlords and, in particular, the largest landlords. Wells sees their role from 1815 to 1830 as being essentially niggardly, continuing to demand social discipline but increasingly failing to play their old role of mediator between the poor and the rate paying classes. Their support for the New Poor Law ‘proved to be the final nail in the coffin of rural paternalism’.

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Prastuti, Ikromilah Yety, Budi Purwoko, and Retno Tri Hariastuti. "Overview of Self-Esteem in Adolescent Behavior that do Self-Injury (Case Studies)." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 3 (August 6, 2019): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i3.926.

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This study aims to look at the picture of adolescent self-esteem that performs self-injury behavior. The subjects of this study were 3 junior high school students in Tulangan District, Sidoarjo. The method of data collection carried out was an independent interview and observation. Analysis of the data used in this study is qualitative analysis. The results showed that individuals who engage in self-injury with the kind of slashing body parts using the help of sharp objects (broken glass, needles, and a small knife), inhaling hazards, as well as hitting themselves they basically have self-esteem is low due to the factors from personal-social, parents, friends and academics. The three subjects carried out self-injury behaviors on the basis of their perceived worthlessness both from lack of attention from parents, inability to accept themselves, conflict with parents and friends, failure in academic activities and social interaction. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that further research can carry out development studies for developing a model in increasing self-esteem and reducing or overcoming self-injury behavior in adolescents.

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Galus, Aleksandra, and Yuliia Nesteriak. "Digital media in a contemporary conflict – example of Ukraine." Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2019.4.2.

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The ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia provides many examples of using media, including technologically new ones, to conduct information warfare. The article focuses on the issue of the importance of digital media in the context of war in eastern Ukraine and socio-political protests (2013/2014) that preceded the armed conflict. This article analyzes the methods of instrumental usage of digital media by Russia as the dominant entity in conducting aggressive information warfare against Ukraine as well as civic actions on the Ukrainian side aimed at counteracting Russian propaganda. The results show that, in the times of the mediatization of war, different entities tend to actively use both traditional media present in the digital space and social media. In addition, this work systematizes the conceptual apparatus related to the discussed issues. The article is based on the analysis of case studies (mainly Russian RT and Ukrainian, social initiative StopFake), content analysis, analysis and criticism of literature, and examination of source studies. The article complements the current debate on the conflict between Ukraine and Russia by highlighting the role of digital media in the context of information warfare and by showing that digital media, especially social media, can be a platform adopted not only by state actors, but also for citizens.

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Albert, Isabelle. "Perceived loneliness and the role of cultural and intergenerational belonging: the case of Portuguese first-generation immigrants in Luxembourg." European Journal of Ageing 18, no. 3 (April 9, 2021): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10433-021-00617-7.

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AbstractThe risk of loneliness for migrants, particularly in older age, has been documented across multiple studies. Migration is a life-changing transition. While often retaining links to their country of origin, an important developmental task for migrants is the establishment of bonds in the receiving country. Drawing on recent studies, I will explore the role of cultural and intergenerational belonging in order to identify both protective and risk factors regarding loneliness in middle and older age in a sample of first-generation immigrants from Portugal living in Luxembourg. The sample comprises N = 131 participants (51.9% female) between the ages of 41 and 80 (M = 56.08; SD = 7.80) who have on average spent M = 31.71 years (SD = 8.81) in Luxembourg and raised children in Luxembourg. They took part in the IRMA project (‘Intergenerational Relations in the Light of Migration and Ageing’) which was funded by the Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg. A standardised questionnaire assessed socio-demographic data, aspects of cultural belonging (i.e. cultural attachment to both countries, bicultural identity orientation, acculturative stress), intergenerational belonging (i.e. family cohesion, family conflict, perceived intergenerational value consensus) and perceived loneliness. Results showed that while cultural and intergenerational belonging were protective factors, the strongest predictors for participants’ perceived loneliness were cultural identity conflict and, even more so, intergenerational conflict. Our findings suggest that establishing roots and bonds in the host country is a protective factor against loneliness, whereas the feeling of not fitting in is a strong risk factor.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Social conflict – Namibia – Case studies'

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