Academic literature on the topic 'Social Development Commission'
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Journal articles on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Marmot, Michael, and Ruth Bell. "Health Equity and Development: the Commission on Social Determinants of Health." European Review 18, no. 1 (February 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990081.
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From the start, the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health built its case for taking action on the social determinants of health, unashamedly, on principles of social justice. Quite simply, the Commission stated that health inequities in the sense of avoidable and preventable differences in health between countries, and between groups within countries according to income, occupation, education, ethnicity or between men and women, are unjust. Taking this position has brought praise and blame: praise for the Commission’s boldness in putting fairness on the global health agenda1 in the face of the dominant global model of economic growth as an end in itself, and blame for the Commission’s unworldliness in apparently not recognising that economic arguments push the political agenda.
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Androff, David. "A case study of a grassroots truth and reconciliation commission from a community practice perspective." Journal of Social Work 18, no. 3 (June 24, 2016): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316654361.
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Summary Truth and Reconciliation Commissions represent an innovative model for social work practice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission was a community-based intervention that sought to address lingering social trauma and tension from a 1979 incident of racial violence in North Carolina. This case study analyzes the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission from a community practice perspective by highlighting relevant aspects of the intervention for social work practice. The intervention is examined along the community practice dimensions of context, theoretical basis, practice model, framing, strategy, and tactics. Each dimension is presented and related to a specific aspect of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission case. Findings The historical context of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission includes legacies racism, labor exploitation, and violence that was pervasive in the U.S. south, as well as traditions of resistance to oppression. The theoretical underpinnings of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission include social constructionism and restorative justice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission falls within the community practice models of neighborhood and community organizing and community capacity development. The intervention was framed as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and incorporated a strategy of inclusiveness. The community practice tactics of fundraising, outreach and recruitment, research and investigation, and public hearings were employed. Applications This article concludes with assessments of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s impact and implications for community practice, including current applications of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model in the U.S. Social workers working in communities can apply the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model and the specific community practice dimensions identified in the case study to empower communities and work to overcome legacies of social injustice, violence, and oppression.
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Room, Graham. "Social Policy and the European Commission." Social Policy & Administration 25, no. 3 (September 1991): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1991.tb00513.x.
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Hearnshaw, John B. "Commission 38 (Exchange of astronomers) and Commission 46 (Teaching of astronomy): two commissions that played a unique role in the history and development of the IAU." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S349 (December 2018): 374–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319000498.
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AbstractThe founding and development of two commissions of the IAU that played a unique role in IAU history are traced. Commission 38 for the Exchange of astronomers was founded in 1946 with Frederick Stratton as first president, and it expended funds (initially granted by UNESCO) for astronomers to travel on exchange visits. Commission 46 for the Teaching of astronomy was founded in 1964 with Evry Schatzmann as first president. This was a time of rapidly growing interest in the IAU for teaching astronomy and in due course for promoting astronomy in developing countries. For a while, both commissions operated under the wing of the Executive Committee. Their role was unique as they were the only IAU commissions to have their own budget, as well as aspiring to bring about social change in the astronomical community. By 2000 both commissions merged into C46 (Astronomy education and development) and by that time various programmes such as the International School for Young Astronomers (ISYA), the working group World-wide Development of Astronomy (WWDA) and the working group Teaching Astronomy for Development (TAD), which grew out of the Visiting Lecturers’ Program (VLP), were all run by C46. When the IAU established the Office of Astronomy for Development in 2011, many of these functions were removed from the commission and in any case C46 ceased to exist in 2015 when all the old commissions were disestablished. In 2015 the Office for Young Astronomers took over the running of the ISYA. The history of C38 and C46 represents a time of active change in the way the IAU was engaging with people. It was more than just a union for scientific research, but in the world of scientific unions, it was remarkable for taking an active hands-on role in implementing social change. In the history of these two commissions, the Swiss astronomer Edith Müller played a leading dynamic role. She served as president of C46 (1967-73), of C38 (1985-88) as well as IAU General Secretary (1976-79).
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Belanger, Jean-Pierre. "Du Rapport Castonguay Au Rapport Rochon: Le Developpement Du Systeme De Sante Au Quebec." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 9, no. 1 (April 1, 1990): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-1990-0010.
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The present article is a critical account of the official report from the Commission of Inquiry on Health and Social Services in Quebec (la Commission Rochon). This report is first examined in light of the socio-political context of Quebec society in the '80s with a particular emphasis on factors which directly influenced the development of the Commission's work. The author then presents the main elements of the report. He stresses the quality and appropriateness of studies bearing on Quebec social evolution during the last 20 years and on the identification of health and social problems in the present time. He reminds us of the radical diagnosis made on the organization of health services. The principal options for more adequate health system orientations are then studied in the context of debates following the report publication, two years ago, particularly concerning issues of regional decentralization and financing. The author finally stresses the new challenges of today in social health management, while showing the profound continuity existing between the Commission's works and those of the Castonguay Commission, at the beginning of the '70s.
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Kushnerev, I. M. "About development of social partnership in the agricultural sector of the Kursk region." Normirovanie i oplata truda v sel'skom hozyajstve (Rationing and remuneration of labor in agriculture), no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-06-2008-01.
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In connection with the spread of coronavirus infection in end of April, a meeting took place by correspondence Kursk regional tripartite Commission on regulation of social-labor relations to discuss current issues, including "About implementation of the decision of the Kursk regional tripartite Commission on regulation socially-labour relations of 23 April 2018 No. 2 on the issue "About the state and measures for further development of social partnership in the agro-industrial complex".
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FRANZ, JENNIFER, and COLIN KIRKPATRICK. "INTEGRATING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INTO EUROPEAN POLICYMAKING: THE ROLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENTS." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 09, no. 02 (June 2007): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333207002779.
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Since the adoption of the EU's first Sustainable Development Strategy in 2001, the European Commission has been committed to undertaking impact assessments of its major policy proposals, covering the potential positive and negative economic, social and environmental effects both inside and outside the European Union. This paper provides as evaluation of a sample of the Commission's recent EC Impact Assessments, focusing on the extent to which the goal of sustainable development has been integrated into the impact assessment analysis.
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Shamshad, Ahmad, and Md Nafees Ahmad Ansari. "Planning Commission: Fifty-Five Years of Planned Development and Social Sector." Indian Journal of Public Administration 51, no. 3 (July 2005): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556120050313.
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Szyszczak, Erika. "Social Policy." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, no. 4 (October 2003): 1013–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.4.1013.
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The Barcelona Summit of March 2002 provided the catalyst for further coordination and synchronisation between the social and economic dimensions of the Lisbon Strategy framework. The definition of the ‘European Social Model’ as ‘good economic performance, a high level of social protection and education and social dialogue’ has become a working definition underpinning the direction of social policy in official publications.1 The Barcelona Presidency also led to the adoption of a streamlined set of Employment Guidelines, Recommendations to the Member States and Broad Economic Policy Guidelines on the same day, heralded as an ‘instrument for economic governance’ by the Commission.2 The reform of the European Employment Strategy (EES) concentrates upon the problems and weaknesses of the EES identified in the evaluation of the first 5 years of the Strategy.3 The Commission identified four central issues for reform, focusing upon the need to set clear objectives (which include priorities and targets), the need to simplify the policy guidelines, the need to improve governance and ensure greater consistency and complementarity with other EU processes. A new development on the eve of the Spring Council (the Brussels Summit) on 20–21 March 2003 was a ‘Social Summit’ attended by a troika of the Heads of State/Government of the past, current and future Presidencies, the Commission and the Social Partners. One outcome of this Summit was the creation of a new eight-member task force, chaired by Wim Kok.4 The aim of the European Employment Task Force is to investigate practical steps to prompt the Member States to implement the new revised EES endorsed at the Spring Summit. The Task Force will report to the Commission in time to draft the Joint Employment Report for the annual Spring Summits.
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Nwobike, Justice C. "The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and the Demystification of Second and Third Generation Rights under the African Charter: Social and Economic Rights Action Center (SERAC) and the Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) v. Nigeria." African Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (2005): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221097312x13397499736101.
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AbstractThis article argues that the decision of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights in the Ogoni case represents a giant stride towards the protection and promotion of economic, social and cultural rights of Africans. This is predicated on the African Commission's finding that the Nigerian Government's failure to protect the Ogoni people from the activities of oil companies operating in the Niger Delta is contrary to international human rights law and is in fact a step backwards since Nigeria had earlier adopted legislation to fulfill its obligation towards the progressive realization of these rights. The findings of the African Commission demonstrate that economic, social and cultural rights are not vague or incapable of judicial enforcement. They also illustrate how the Charter can be interpreted generously to ensure the effective enjoyment of rights. Novel and commendable as the decision is, it is not without its shortcomings. These shortcomings lie in the failure of the Commission to pronounce on the right to development, its silence on the desirability of holding transnational corporations accountable for human rights violations, and the institutional weakness of the Commission in enforcing its decisions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Van, Deventer Gerhardus Johannes. "Socio-economic development of the Coloured community since the Theron Commission." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51910.
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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Poverty is a widespread phenomenon within the coloured community of South Africa. In 1976 the Theron Commission reported on coloured poverty and recommended widespread reform to the apartheid system to incorporate coloureds into social and economic life on an equal footing with whites. The commission was of the opinion that the poorest 40% of coloureds lived in a state of chronic community poverty. This conclusion was based on the culture of poverty approach, which states that negative external factors and an internal process of self-perpetuation can sometimes combine to cause a povertysyndrome. The original culture of poverty approach was widely misinterpreted and criticised and consequently lost much of its support. However, if properly understood, the approach can still be used effectively. Since the Theron commission made a healthy reinterpretation of this approach it also provides a good theoretical framework to analyse coloured poverty. The socio-economic position of coloureds has improved markedly since the era of the Theron commission. Total fertility rates and infant mortality rates declined, while life expectancy increased. The educational status of coloureds increased considerably. There is, however, still a large disparity between rural and urban coloureds. The per capita income of coloureds almost doubled in this period. This rise in income can be attributed to an improvement in occupational status (which was in turn influenced by an improvement in educational status) as well as a decrease in wage discrimination. In spite of the overall improvement in the socio-economic position of coloureds, poverty rates did not decrease significantly since the era of the Theron Commission. Although poverty is still more widespread in rural areas, there has been a relative improvement in the socioeconomic position of rural coloureds and agricultural labourers. This has partly been caused by the urbanisation of the rural poor. Coloured poverty is, however, still at much lower levels than black poverty. Since the era of the Theron Commission the culture of poverty has been positively influenced by several factors: racial discrimination in public education and other social spending decreased, levels of education improved and contributed to the rise in per capita income, social work has become better focussed and is provided on a more equal basis and the socio-political emancipation of coloureds were achieved with the rise of a democratic society. However, it seems that the good economic growth rates during the 1960's and early 1970's provided the biggest thrust to the upward socio-economic mobility of coloureds and played a more important role than the Theron report or any other socio-political changes. It can be concluded that the culture of poverty as it existed at the time of the Theron report has weakened considerably and that the approach should therefore not be used as the basic model to describe the socio-economic position of poor coloureds any more. Current anti-poverty measures should be focussed on job creation, community building and education.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Armoede is 'n wydverspreide probleem in die kleurlinggemeenskap van Suid- Afrika. In 1976 het die Theron Kommissie ondersoek ingestel na kleurling armoede en hulle het drastiese veranderinge aan die apartheidstelsel voorgestel om die sosio-ekonomiese vooruitgang van kleurlinge te verseker. Die kommissie het aangevoer dat die armste 40% van die kleurlingbevolking in 'n toestand van chroniese gemeenskapsarmoede verkeer. Hierdie gevolgtrekking is gebaseer op die kultuur van armoede teorie, wat veronderstel dat In armoedesiklus kan ontstaan wanneer daar 'n wisselwerking is tussen negatiewe omgewingsfaktore en In interne proses van selfvoortplanting deur middel van die gesin. Die oorspronklike kultuur van armoede benadering was onderhewig aan verskeie misinterpretasies en kritiek en het derhalwe baie aanhang verloor. Tog kan die kultuur van armoede teorie steeds met vrug aangewend word indien dit korrek toegepas word. Aangesien die Theron Kommissie die oorspronklike teorie op In gesonde manier geherinterpreteer het, verskaf dit 'n goeie teoretiese raamwerk waarbinne kleurlingarmoede ondersoek kan word. Die sosio-ekonomiese posisie van kleurlinge het In merkwaardige verbetering getoon sedert die era van die Theron Kommissie. Fertiliteitskoerse en suigelingsterftekoerse het afgeneem, terwyl lewensverwagting toegeneem het. Die onderwyspeil van kleurlinge het ook drasties verbeter, alhoewel daar steeds In groot gaping is tussen landelike en stedelike kleurlinge. Die per capita inkomste van kleurlinge het amper verdubbel in die periode. Die verhoging kan toegeskryf word aan In verhoogde beroepstatus (wat weer deur verbeterde onderwyspeile beïnvloed is) sowel as laer vlakke van loondiskriminasie. Ten spyte van die algehele verbetering in die sosio-ekonomiese posisie van kleurlinge, het armoedevlakke sedert die Theron era nie noemenswaardig verminder nie. Alhoewel armoede steeds wydverspreid is in landelike gebiede, het daar In relatiewe verbetering in die sosio-ekonomiese posisie van landelike kleurlinge en die plaaswerkersgemeenskap plaasgevind. Dit is deels veroorsaak deur verstedeliking van arm landelike inwoners. Kleurling armoede is egter steeds op 'n baie laer vlak as swart armoede. Sedert die era van die Theron Kommissie is die toestand van chroniese gemeenskapsarmoede deur verskeie positiewe faktore beïnvloed: rassediskriminasie ten opsigte van onderwys en ander sosiale besteding het verminder, vlakke van onderwys het verbeter en het bygedra tot 'n verhoging in per capita inkome, sosiale werk is beter gefokus en word op 'n meer gelyke skaal verskaf en met die demokratiseringsproses is die sosio-politiese emansipasie van kleurlinge verkry. Tog lyk dit of die goeie ekonomiese groei van die sestigerjare en vroeë sewentqerjare 'n groter invloed op die opwaartse sosioekonomiese mobiliteit van kleurlinge gehad het as die Theron verslag en ander sosio-politieke veranderinge. Die gevolgtrekking kan gemaak word dat die kultuur van armoede soos dit gemanifesteer het in die tyd van die Theron verslag in so 'n mate verswak het dat die benadering nie meer gebruik moet word as die basiese model om die sosioekonomiese toestand van arm kleurlinge te beskryf nie. Dit beteken egter nie dat daar nie nog steeds akute armoedeprobleme in sekere dele van die kleurlinggemeenskap bestaan nie. Huidige armoede-verligtingsbeleid moet fokus op werkskepping, gemeenskapsbou en onderwys.
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Tizeba, Hilda Charles. "The treatment of gender-issues and development in the Sierra Leonean transitional justice context." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6349.
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Magister Legum - LLM (Criminal Justice and Procedure)Transitional justice mechanisms have become commonplace as a tool for recovery for societies emerging from conflict and repressive regimes. The extent to which women's rights concerning development and long-term economic advancement in the arena of transitional justice is dealt with is almost negligible. The significance of including development as a means of protecting marginalised groups such as women has been mostly disregarded in the transitional justice context. Currently, the discourse on gender justice has placed civil and political rights as well as sexual crimes against women at the centre stage. Transitional justice mechanisms have failed to give effect to long-term sustainable and substantive change in women's lives following conflict and periods of repressive rule. The core aims of transitional justice are prosecution of offenders, reconciliation and reparations for the victims of gross human rights abuses. Reparations are usually used as a medium through which restitution and compensation for the harm suffered by victims are made possible. Reparations are also deemed as an essential element for the healing and recovery of the individual victim and the society affected by egregious human rights violations.
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DARKO, PHIDELIA. "EU DEVELOPMENT POLICY FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES VS. THE NEW SECURITY AGENDA : A CASE STUDY ON GHANA." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23826.
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Development issues have been the centre of most international governmental organisations for quite a long time. Most developing countries tend to depend on Western foreign donors to assist them in their developmental ambitions. Ghana as a developing nation also depends on it foreign donors to finance most of it developmental projects. Even though the European Union is an international governmental organisation that is much known for assisting developing countries with their developmental projects it is anticipated that recent occurrence such as the global economic meltdown, climate change coupled with terrorist attacks on most developed nations will limit or perhaps even halt the flow of development aid to developing countries as they might be more concerned with securing their territory rather than thinking of other people somewhere else.This is because such occurrences have resulted in raising a new concern, thus the New Security Agenda or Human Security. The Human Security in respect to its economic sector is what this paper deals with. This paper takes a critical look on Ghana’s Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (GPRS), as pertaining to the aspect of these papers that received developmental aid from the European Development Fund (EDF). It is proved here that almost all aspect of Ghana’s developmental projects in one way or other received funding from the EDF. The New Security Agenda in terms of its economic sector was rather found out to be a positive influence for developing nations like Ghana as a result of the country’s stability. This is because it was found out that rather than limiting the flow of development aid to Ghana, it is during this time that the 10th EDF budget for Ghana received the highest funding. It was later found out that all these developmental projects conforms to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which is also an area of concern in the New Security Agenda. All this occurrences are much more explained along a theoretical framework (thus the notions of liberalism, critical theory and constructivism). However other academic works on the subject matter was also comprehensively acknowledged.
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Haarmann, Dirk. "From state maintenance grants 'to a new child support system: Building a policy for poverty alleviation with special reference to the financial, social, and developmental impacts." University of the Western Cape, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8410.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDState social security transfers for families existed in South Africa only in the form of state maintenance grants, which paid up to R700 to single parents. The system was not appropriate in the South African context, being racially biased and financially unsustainable. The Department of Welfare - following in principle the recommendations of the "Lund report" - introduced with effect from 1 April 1998 a child support grant which is payable to the primary care-givers of children, regardless of their family status. The level of benefit was set at RIOOper month per child for children up to the age of six (incl.). The Department declared that 48% or 3 million children should be targeted. At the same time, the SMGs are to be phased out over a three year period. This research was conducted between November 1995 and March 1998. The analysis of the different suggestions during the policy process and the final policy is based on two pillars: • A situation analysis of the living conditions of South Africa's children on the basis of a composite index. • An evaluation of policy scenarios on the basis of a microsimulation model. The index tries to give a complex picture of the living conditions of children by looking at the financial situation, housing, health, and employment opportunities of the households the children are living in. The analysis reveals that nearly 70% of South Africa's children up to the age of six (incl.) live below the poverty line as defined. A further analysis of the household structure indicates that poorer children are likely to live in larger households. The overall policy shift from a support of single parent families to children in poverty regardless of their family status is espoused. However, the microsimulation model which analyses the impact of different factors like the 'level of benefit', the 'age-cohort', the 'means-test', and the 'administrative requirements', reveals that there are still serious flaws in the current policy. Due to the fact that the means-test is based on the total household income, nearly 40% of the children living below the poverty line are excluded. In addition, the administration needs urgent attention as its capacity is the decisive factor in the success of the programme. The thesis calculates that in the next five years up to R2 billion less will be spent on poor children and the goal of reaching 3 million children will not be achieved, if the problems identified are not addressed. The thesis develops an alternative suggestion to the current policy. While microsimulation has become quite a standard procedure in the analysis of social policies in industrialised countries, there is so far no application in developing countries. It is hoped that by taking this policy analysis as a case-study, this thesis is a step towards the introduction of this method here. Microsimulation models provide important information to enhance the transparency and accountability of policy processes. In this case, civil society was able to challenge Government's decision on a very informed basis, to put pressure on decision makers successfully, and to make workable alternative suggestions. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that against Government's promise redistribution does not take place. Instead a shift towards a more neo-liberal approach in social policy is observed.
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Howard, Kimberly Beth. "San Bernardino residents' participation in the planning and implementation of "Downtown Revitalization"." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2128.
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Lindeby, Susanna. "Processes of feelings in a society with a violent past : A qualitative study of the communication for Societal healing in the Truth Commissions in East Timor, Sri Lanka and Ghana between 2002-2011." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Statsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13006.
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The research investigates in what extent and how communication for meeting feelings is provided in Truth Commission work. It examines if and in what way feelings are addressed in the communication officially published by the Truth Commissions in East Timor, Ghana and Sri Lanka, occurring between 2002-2011. The research is also looking at the healing processes in a time perspective to find out if there is a communication for Societal healing to be continued in a longer term. My conclusion is that two cases of three in my research, the TRCs in Ghana and East Timor, have communication clearly directed to meet feelings caused by the war. One of the three cases (East Timor) has a communication with a clear ambition to heal over a longer period, to continue after the existence of the Truth Commission. The research suggests that communication with a clear ambition to reach out widely in the society, a communication directed to meet and process feelings over a longer period, can make Societal healing more effective. It also concludes that, in the future, Societal healing, as a field in conflict resolution, will be more based on representational media than today, provided through web communication.
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Chytka, Miroslav. "Regionální a strukturální politika EU - ekonomické a právní aspekty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225439.
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The aim of my thesis on the topic „Regional and structural EU policy – economic and legislative aspect“ is a description of all important aspects of Regional policy EU and the performance of regional policy in the context of a specific project.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Marule, Thabang Eniel. "Dispute-resolution processes in the Public Health and Social Development Sector Bargaining Council (PHSDSBC)." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/3041.
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M.Comm.With the adoption of the 1995 Labour Relations Act (LRA) and the creation of the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA), expectations ran high that the era of workplace conflict that had characterised previous labour dispensation would come to an end. The reality, however, is that parties have abdicated their responsibility in dispute-resolution, and have transferred this responsibility to the CCMA and Bargaining Councils. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the perceptions of users of the current model with regard to its effectiveness, flaws and challenges. Based on the data received, this study presents a case for a new approach to discouraging disputes from being taken beyond the level of the workplace. The following research questions were formulated: Given the prevailing lack of ownership by parties over dispute-resolution and the resultant rise in case load and costs, what alternative strategies could be adopted? With the introduction of such new strategies, what dispute resolution model would be appropriate to enable the parties to focus on the core issues and also reduce costs? These questions are based on the set of main problems and sub-problems. The main problems are the low dispute-resolution/settlement rate (the conciliation stage being a mere formality), even when arbitration takes place; and the lack of ownership for dispute prevention by line managers and organised labour. In collecting data I followed the triangulation approach which combined both qualitative and quantitative research. During the qualitative stage, I collected data by using unstructured interviews and audio-recording the interviews with the Secretary of the PHSDSBC. I used quantitative methods to distribute participants’ agenda points and to record the numbers returned. The same method was used to analyse the patterns and themes emerging from data collected. Forty-nine negotiators, shop stewards, human resource managers across the nine provinces, and staff in the office of the Secretary of the PHSDSBC, were selected. Because participants in the study were distributed over a wide area, my level of physical contact with them was restricted to the normal business schedules of the Bargaining Council, during teambuilding exercises, and during Employer Caucus meetings. As a participant in these meetings, I was able to adopt an auto-ethnographic stance. I analysed the data, using graphical depictions, and categorised it into thoughts and later into themes. The findings indicate that the current dispute-resolution system model, being reactive in its application, is time-consuming for the both employee and the employer.
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Akoni-Mensah, Matthew. "Citizenship in Ghana: understanding its cultural and political construction." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/61135.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Relações InternacionaisOne characteristic of postmodern democratic reading of citizenship is the idea of the citizen as politically, socially, culturally, ecologically empowered and active. A complete citizen is thus one who enjoys his/her freedoms and rights, who fulfils his/her civic obligations, and who has equal opportunities to enhance his/her skills as a multifaceted individual. Within such rationale, the result of this citizen’s action shall be stronger and better democracy in an inclusive society where human rights are effectively respected. Ghana´s democracy is young and continuously defied by complex challenges. Among such challenges, there are traditional cultural and socio-political sets of beliefs and practices that conflict with the common practices of Western democracy. In this work, we argue that although citizenship in Ghana has made some improvements over the last decades, its construction and enhancement as a policy and as a set of social and cultural experiences still face severe constraints. The constraints are mostly caused by the prevalence of embedded traditions regarding the conception of power structuring and of power relations, which limit the development of democratic practices in the management of citizenship. Until these bottlenecks have been removed, citizenship will keep close to inequalities and abuse of human rights (especially of the most vulnerable, such as women, children, and the physically challenged), reflecting more the prevalence of traditional logics of power, than of democratic values in favour of human dignity. In light of this, we argue, education for a new understanding of citizenship is a fundamental path.
Uma característica da leitura democrática pós-moderna da cidadania é a ideia do cidadão como um ser politicamente, socialmente, culturalmente, economicamente e ecologicamente capacitado e ativo. O cidadão completo é aquele que goza e desfruta dos seus direitos e liberdades, que cumpre o seu dever cívico e tem oportunidade para aperfeiçoar, promover, melhorar e reforçar os seus dotes, as suas competências, as suas capacidades inatas ou habilidades como individuo pluridimensional. Na logica desta racionalidade, o resultado desta ação do cidadão será potenciadora de uma melhor e mais eficiente democracia, numa sociedade integradora, onde há respeito pelos direitos humanos. A democracia Ganesa é nova, intrincada e continuamente confrontada com desafios complexos. Somos confrontados com várias crenças e práticas da cultura tradicional e sociopolíticas incompatíveis com as práticas comuns da democracia ocidental. O nosso argumento e nossa postura neste projecto é que, apesar de considerarmos que existe algum progresso no conceito da cidadania nas últimas décadas no Gana, o seu aperfeiçoamento, valorização e construção como uma política e conjunto de experiências sociais e culturais enfrentam graves condicionalismos ou limitações. Em geral, os constrangimentos na sua maioria parte são causadas por prevalência do conceito da estruturação de poder e das relações entres os poderes enraizados na tradição, que limitam o desenvolvimento das práticas democráticas na gestão da cidadania. Enquanto estes obstáculos ou constrangimentos existirem, o conceito da cidadania manter-se-á, perto da desigualdade e abuso dos direitos humanos (especialmente dos mais vulneráveis, como as mulheres, as crianças e os fisicamente e mentalmente incapacitados), refletindo mais na prevalência da logica tradicional do poder, em vez dos valores democráticas em favor da dignidade humana. Portanto defendemos a ideia de que a educação para uma nova compreensão da cidadania é a trajetória fundamental.
Books on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Wisconsin. Legislature. Legislative Audit Bureau. An audit of Community Relations--Social Development Commission. [Madison, Wis.]: Legislative Audit Bureau, 1996.
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United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia. Compendium of social statistics and indicators: Social indicators of the Commission of Sustainable Development. New York: United Nations, 2007.
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Central American Recovery and Development Task Force. Central American Recovery and Development Task Force report to the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development. Durham: Duke University Press, 1989.
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Eyben, Rosalind. The role of social assessments in effective development planning: Talk given ... at the United Nations during the 36th Sessions of the Commission for Social Development .... London: DFID, 1998.
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International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development. The report of the International Commission for Central American Recovery and Development: Poverty, conflict, and hope. Durham: Duke University Press, 1989.
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National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy (Canada). À la recherche d'un consensus: La Commission Nord-Américaine de L'environnement et l"ALENA. Ottawa: National Round Table on the Environment and the Economy (Canada), 1993.
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S, Macdonald Donald, ed. Report: Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1985.
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Nédelec, Serge. ESCWA (1974-1999): Twenty-five years of service to the region's development. [New York]: United Nations, 1999.
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Foundation, Rainforest. Out of commission: The environmental and social impacts of European Union development funding in tropical forest areas. London: Rainforest Foundation, 1998.
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Nédélec, Serge. ESCWA (1974-1999): Twenty-five years of service to the region's development. [New York]: United Nations, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Thomsen, Christa. "Sustainability (World Commission on Environment and Development Definition)." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 2358–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_531.
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Benyera, Everisto. "South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Nigeria’s Oputa Panel: Comparison, Lessons and the Future of Truth Commissions in Africa." In Advances in African Economic, Social and Political Development, 183–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00081-3_10.
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Mongkhonvanit, Pornchai, Chanita Rukspollmuang, and Yhing Sawheny. "IAU: The Power to Foster Higher Education for Sustainable Development." In The Promise of Higher Education, 345–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67245-4_52.
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AbstractModernization theory, which believes that “development equates economic growth” and changes in social, political, and cultural structures are the pathways for societies to become modernized, has been the predominant paradigm for the development of nations for decades. However, the model was met with a lot of criticism, and there was a movement to rethink the real meaning of development and well-being. Alternatives for development were proposed, but the most widely accepted paradigm is “sustainability” or “sustainable development” which was defined by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) in the 1987 Brundtland Report (also called “Our Common Future”) as “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Under this development paradigm, programs, initiatives, and actions aim not only at the preservation of a particular resource but also at other distinct areas: economic, environmental, and social - known as the three pillars of sustainability. The Brundtland Report has had a worldwide impact. “Agenda 21”, a comprehensive plan of action to build a global partnership for sustainable development to improve human lives and protect the environment, was adopted in the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, followed by many other agendas, including the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) (2000–2015) and the present United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development or the 17 SDGs.
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Bulanova, Marina Borisovna. "Rothstein's commission in the fight against non-marxist sociology." In Sociology and Society: Traditions and Innovations in the Social Development of Regions, 5788–96. Russian Society Of Sociologists of FCTAS RAS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/kongress.2020.682.
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Askeland, Gurid Aga, and Malcolm Payne. "Harriet Jakobsson, 2000." In Internationalizing Social Work Education. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447328704.003.0009.
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This chapter contains a biography of Harriet Jakobsson, a leader in Swedish social work education, who was awarded the Katherine Kendall Award of the International Association of Schools of Social Work in 2000, for her contribution to international social work education. She fulfilled roles in social work education in Lund and Örebro universities and worked with refugees and with children in Africa and Asia, including leadership roles with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, and the Swedish International Development Commission. She contributed to the development of social work education in Lebanon as a professor of social. Her work with children reflected a strong focus on the rights and voice of children, promoting the UN Convention of the Rights of the Child.
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Çilingir, Sevgi. "“Europe Without Borders” and the Future of European Integration." In Handbook of Research on Social and Economic Development in the European Union, 455–74. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1188-6.ch027.
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The Schengen Area is one of the most remarkable developments of EU integration, signifying supranationalization in a field where national sovereignty is rigorously protected. However, following the migration crisis and the escalation of terrorist attacks in 2015, some member states reintroduced border controls within the area. By 2018, they have exceeded the time limits set by EU law. The Commission called for amendment instead of compliance from member states. This chapter demonstrates recent developments in the field of internal border controls in the Schengen Area with respect to European integration and its future. By inquiring member states' actions and EU institutions' reactions in the context of EU law, it sheds light on whether “Europe without borders” has become an accomplishment of the past. Evaluated in relation to integration models in EU literature and future scenarios for the EU presented by the Commission in 2017, the findings suggest that internal border controls will continue in the course of deepening, despite their contradictory effect.
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Dahi, Omar. "The UN, the Economic and Social Commission for West Asia, and Development in the Arab World." In Land of Blue Helmets. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520286931.003.0019.
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This chapter examines the development of the United Nations in three different time periods in the postwar era in the Arab world. The first was from the 1950s to the 1970s, which witnessed the rise of the developmental state in several parts of the Arab world and coincided with the rise of the Third World Movement in the Global South, when developing countries came together to demand political and economic reforms as well as nuclear disarmament. The second period spanned the late 1970s to 2010, which witnessed state retrenchment and rising poverty and inequality alongside persistent authoritarianism and increased imperial intervention. The third period is marked by the dawn of the Arab uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa region. In each of the three eras a different UN report is referenced: the 1949 “United Nations Economic Survey Mission for the Middle East,” the 2002 Arab Human Development Report, and the Economic and Social Commission for West Asia's Arab Integration report.
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Lorenzini, Sara. "The Limits of Bipolarity in the Golden Age of Modernization." In Global Development, 68–88. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691180151.003.0006.
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This chapter addresses the differentiated priorities in the West and East as they emerged during the institutionalization of development structures and procedures. In the 1950s, with the Soviet Union and its allies entering the development business, aid became a full-fledged weapon in the Cold War arsenal. Development plans extolled the virtues of modernity and modernity was conceived in the singular: there were several ways to solve the same problem, and experts had differentiated approaches, but they did not diverge drastically. With the entry of the Soviet Union as a potential donor rather than a distant model, development turned competitive. Models were now pitted against one another in a competition about effectiveness and symbolic strength. Technology was not neutral anymore. Machinery and dams were products of a culture, and the choice of technology implied a choice of social organization, labor relations, and structures of production: it was a political choice. Countries had to take sides in the Cold War, because the decision was a final and irreversible one between irreconcilable proposals. The chapter then focuses on the organs charged with coordinating aid: the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the Permanent Commission for Technical Assistance of Comecon.
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Askeland, Gurid Aga, and Malcolm Payne. "Armaity S. Desai, 1992." In Internationalizing Social Work Education. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447328704.003.0005.
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This chapter contains a brief biography and transcript of an interview with Armaity S. Desai, a leader in Indian social work education, who was awarded the Katherine Kendall Award of the International Association of Schools of Social Work in 1992, for her contribution to international social work education. After social work training and practice experience in India and the USA, she held leadership roles at the Nirmala Niketan College of Social Work, the Tata Institute of Social Sciences and the Indian University Grants Commission. Areas of social work important in her career included adoption, practice education, integrated practice in social work, using a range of modalities, using social work ideas to inform leadership roles and social development. She saw international social work as giving breadth of perspective, and saw lack of funding and indigenous literature as obstacles to development in social work education. Activism, standing up against the state, is seen as important in social work.
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John P, Pace. "9 The Great Enterprise Today (2006)." In The United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198863151.003.0010.
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This chapter studies the arrival of the Human Rights Council. The idea of a Human Rights Council was raised in 1976, as the Great Enterprise entered a new phase. The documentation in 1976 on this issue is comprehensive, consisting of no less than five informative reports. In addition, the Commission on Human Rights had before it the analysis of the observations received from some Member States. They included an analysis of the deliberations at the Assembly that had taken place in November of 1975, which covered a range of topics, including ‘the possibility of transforming the Trusteeship Council into a Human Rights Council’. In 2005, the Secretary-General announced his plans to propose the establishment of a Human Rights Council to the Commission. A few months later, the World Summit decided on the establishment of a Human Rights Council. The Human Rights Council inaugurated its work with the adoption of two international human rights instruments, which had reached completion in the Commission on Human Rights: the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. It also extended the mandate of the Working Group formed under the Commission to elaborate an optional protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and of the Commission’s Working Group on the Right to Development.
Conference papers on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Fuady, Ikhvan, Ritha F. Dalimunthe, and Elisabet Siahaan. "Performance Improvement Model of Civil Servant at General Election Commission." In 1st International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icosop-16.2017.15.
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GEMMA, Sergejs, and Zane VĪTOLIŅA. "EUROPE 2020 TARGETS: THE PROGRESS OF THE BALTIC COUNTRIES IN TERMS OF RIS3." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.056.
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The Europe 2020 strategy was proposed by the European Commission with an aim to improve European Union (EU) competitiveness and promote economic growth. For the successful achievement of economic growth using the Smart Specialization Strategy (RIS3) in the EU, the European Commission has set out five interrelated headline targets to be achieved by 2020 in the areas of employment, research and development, climate change and energy, education and poverty and social exclusion. The targets are translated into national targets for each EU Member State; at the same time, they are common goals for all the EU Member States to be achieved through a mix of national and EU actions. The authors of the research used statistical data on the Europe 2020 targets to detect progress or regress in achieving these targets, the accuracy of target value detection and the implementation of RIS3 in the EU. The aim of the research is to evaluate RIS3 progress based on the Europe 2020 targets. The following tasks were set: 1) To calculate progress on each Europe 2020 target for Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania using Eurostat statistical data; 2) To evaluate the calculated data and compare the data with those for the other Baltic States and the EU average; 3) To forecast RIS3 development for the year 2020 in the Baltic States. The research employed the monographic and descriptive methods as well as analysis, synthesis, the graphic method, the data grouping method and forecasting. All the three Baltic States have exceeded their target values on employment and education. Low indicators – just half of the target value – the Baltic States have on the share of the EU’s GDP invested in Research and Development. Other positions such as green energy, poverty and social exclusion mostly show a need for more active and effective action for achieving the Europe 2020 targets.
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PRAKAPIENĖ, Agnė, and Jan ŽUKOVSKIS. "ADMINISTRATION OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN LITHUANIA: SYSTEM ELEMENTS AND OBJECTIVES." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.119.
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Changes in agriculture and rural development, along with the vast majority of observed changes within the management processes, depend on the aims and objectives of these processes. Lithuanian and EU strategic documents and related to them agricultural and rural development legislation as well as documentation describe agriculture as one of the priority sectors and highlights its impor tance in economic, social, environmental, ethnic and cultural points of view. This is reflected in the European Commission – Europe 2020 Strategy where agriculture plays an important role. Administrative institutions are obliged to adapt to the changes that have been taking place. This article considers the elements and objectives of the Lithuanian agricultural and rural development administration system
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Starostin, Alexander. "GLOBAL SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE COORDINATES OF THE SOCIAL INNOVATION CONCEPT." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-215-219.
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The article examines the processes of recomposing and revising methodological, theoretical, applied principles and approaches to social and humanitarian knowledge that have emerged in recent decades within the whole world and in relation to Russian society. As the key circumstances, the author highlights a sharp turn in local and global development associated with the collapse of the USSR and the social transformation of the Eastern European states (social transit), rapid progress at the opposite pole (China, India). Other aspects such as the rapid development of social and humanitarian innovations, the deployment of a new wave of multipolar globalization, generating new social realities of the micro and macrostructural level are mentioned. All this is relevantly reflected in the concept of global social transformations supported by UNESCO and the corresponding MOST program that is implemented with the participation of the Commission of the Russian Federation for UNESCO.
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ZAWOJSKA, Aldona. "THE PROS AND CONS OF THE EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.158.
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The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union has generated a great deal of attention and controversy among research community, practitioners and the wider population. The aim of this study is to overview and to discuss the thoughts and comments on the CAP which have been addressed by both its proponents and its opponents in the scientific publications, political commentaries, official reports, pubic opinion surveys and social-media-based public forums. While on the one hand, recent public opinion poll (Eurobarometer 2016) indicated broad support among EU citizens for the CAP; on the other hand, other sources give some strong arguments in favour of reducing or even scrapping the CAP. The CAP supporters (including European Commission itself) highlight, among others, the benefits of this policy (environmental; cultural; social vitality; food variety, quality and security; maintaining of rural employment, etc.) for all European citizens and not only for farmers, while CAP opponents stress its unfairness both to non-farmers (e.g. huge financial costs of its policy for taxpayers) and small farmers (large farmers benefit most), heavy administrative burden for farmers as well as the CAP’s destructing impact both on the EU states’ agriculture systems and developing countries’ agricultural markets. The CAP is basically the same for all EU member states but the EU countries differ considerably in terms of their rural development. According to some views, the CAP does not fit the Central and Eastern European countries. It represents a failure of the EU to adjust adequately from an exclusively Western European institution into a proper pan-European organization.
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Leontyev, Alexey, and Galina Reshina. "Evaluation of vehicle taxation in the Republic of Latvia by the method of variant optimization using relative single indexes." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.012.
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The European Commission has evaluated the consequences of the Latvian tax reform in 2018 and declared that the set target of decreasing tax burden for people with low income was not reached, yet the tax reform continuing implementation caused even greater social stratification. The goal of the study was to develop method for determining the rational tax on vehicles based on criteria of fairness and efficiency using an analytical approach. To develop such a method for vehicle taxation, relative single indexes approach as a part of method of variant optimization was used based on relative fuel equivalent coefficient. To analyse the current situation in Latvia and show possible ways of improving it, scenario analysis (three controlling cases) and mathematical modelling by using the developed method were carried out. Analysis of the first controlling case showed that the current situation in Latvia's vehicle taxation policy is not efficient enough from the point of the combination of fairness and efficiency. To improve the situation and achieve zone of optimum (the third controlling case) it is possible to shift tax burden partially from local taxpayers to taxpayers with foreign-registered vehicles. To comply with the recommendation of the European Commission, it is also recommended to set fairness as a primary criterion and make the system more favourable to the taxpayer (when operating in the zone of optimum). It can be achieved by using annual mileage as a base to determine the tax. If recommendations would be implemented partially, it is possible to reach the state (the second controlling case), where vehicle taxation is becoming optimal, yet any change in tax rates or procedures separately will lead to ineffective or unfair solutions. Overall the developed method allows to analyse and forecast most of the changes in vehicle taxation.
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Ahmedov, Damir, and Alexey Nikitin. "LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON COUNTERING OFFENSES IN THE SPHERE OF IMPLEMENTING FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02058-6/036-043.
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The necessity to counteract the commission of crimes against freedom of conscience and freedom of religion is an integral part of the criminal law policy of a modern state. At the same time, the development of social relations, achievements of scientific and technological progress, transform existing social relations, which significantly complicates the law enforcement activities of law enforcement agencies, including in matters of ensuring the protection of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion.
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Ruiz-Varona, Ana, and Jorge León-Casero. "Social Risk Map. The design of a complementary methodology to vulnerability indexes applied to urban rehabilitation activity." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5060.
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Conception of urban intervention in the city is increasingly mutating from a physical urban renewal to an integrated urban approach. That is to say, measures concerning physical urban renewal should be combined with measures promoting education, economic development, social inclusion and environmental protection (European Commission, 2014). Current methodologies applied to the analysis of potential distressed areas are based on quantitative variables. The combination of these variables into a matrix characterizes the areas of the city that are subjected to different grades of intervention in terms of urban vulnerability and social exclusion. However, literature demonstrates that there are still few tools capable of measuring spatially which areas are the most sensitive to the decline in social relations within the city. Research on social maps suggests that potential attractors and risk areas can be identified from the design of a methodology based on the social perception of the public space. The application of this methodology to different case studies at the neighborhood level shows the correlation between urban vulnerability approach (quantitative) and social perception (qualitative). Indeed, perception and characterization of social risk areas empowers current urban vulnerability indicators for the integrated urban approach. Findings validate the utility of this methodology for the implementation of this model to cities and illustrate the social sphere of analysis as a platform from which to assess risk in urbanized areas
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Pribyl, Barbara, Satinder Purewal, and Harikrishnan Tulsidas. "Development of the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines PRSG – A Petroleum Classification System for the Energy Transition." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205847-ms.
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Abstract The Petroleum Working Group (PWG) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) has developed the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines (PRSG) to facilitate the application of the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) for evaluating and classifying petroleum projects. The UNFC was developed by the Expert Group on Resource Management (EGRM) and covers all resource sectors such as minerals, petroleum, renewable energy, nuclear resources, injection projects, anthropogenic resources and groundwater. It has a unique three- dimensional structure to describe environmental, social and economic viability (E-axis), technical feasibility and maturity (F-axis) and degree of confidence in the resource estimates (G-axis). The UNFC is fully aligned to holistic and sustainable resource management called for by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda). UNFC can be used by governments for integrated energy planning, companies for developing business models and the investors in decision making. Internationally, all classification systems and their application continue to evolve to incorporate the latest technical understanding and usage and societal, government and regulatory expectations. The PRSG incorporates key elements from current global petroleum classification systems. Furthermore, it provides a forward-thinking approach to including aspects of integrity and ethics. It expands on the unique differentiator of the UNFC to integrate social and environmental issues in the project evaluation. Several case studies have been carried out (in China, Kuwait, Mexico, Russia, and Uganda) using UNFC. Specifically, PRSG assists in identifying critical social and environmental issues to support their resolution and development sustainably. These issues may be unique to the country, location and projects and mapped using a risk matrix. This may support the development of a road map to resolve potential impediments to project sanction. The release of the PRSG comes at a time of global economic volatility on a national and international level due to the ongoing impact and management of COVID-19, petroleum supply and demand uncertainty and competing national and international interests. Sustainable energy is not only required for industries but for all other social development. It is essential for private sector development, productive capacity building and expansion of trade. It has strong linkages to climate action, health, education, water, food security and woman empowerment. Moreover, enduring complex system considerations in balancing the energy trilemma of reliable supply, affordability, equity, and social and environmental responsibility remain. These overarching conditions make it even more essential to ensure projects are evaluated in a competent, ethical and transparent manner. While considering all the risks, it is also critical to reinforce the positive contribution a natural resource utilization project provides to society. Such an inquiry can focus on how the project contributes to the quality of life, environment, and the economy – the people, planet, and prosperity triad. Such an approach allows consistent, robust and sustainable investment decision making and energy policy development.
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Morton, John H., Steve T. Rowe, Rosemary C. Hargrave, Catherine F. Storey, and Stephanie L. White. "Understanding State Variability and Recommendations for Minimizing Schedule Risk in Pipeline Siting and Development." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33504.
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States are facing multiple challenges around new pipeline infrastructure as a result of unconventional oil and gas development. In many instances, federal oversight of interstate pipelines has failed to keep up with state interest in new pipelines. However, some states lack an efficient centralized or streamlined siting and permitting process to accommodate new development. This paper examines the different approaches by various states and what oil and gas companies can do to minimize risk by balancing the competing public and private interests to obtain the necessary permits and approvals without delaying project construction. The paper includes discussion of both Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulated natural gas pipelines as well as crude oil and product lines not regulated by FERC. In addition, this paper provides a first-hand perspective on how public opposition can change the regulatory landscape during the course of a project using the Keystone XL Project as an example. After the Keystone XL Project ran into permitting issues, the Nebraska Legislature modified its law, directing the state to evaluate the environmental, economic, social and other impacts of the Nebraska segment of the project. Because the state did not have a specific NEPA process, Nebraska had to first establish a process to conduct the state’s evaluation and produce the functional equivalent of a NEPA document, resulting in project delays. This paper also describes how the evolving use of social media has provided a mechanism for rapid dissemination of information for both project opponents and proponents. There is a heightened national awareness that may now target certain projects based on impacts to select environmental resources such that just meeting the minimum regulatory requirements may not be enough moving forward. In today’s regulatory environment, strategic planning and communications are critical to raise awareness in advance of the potential opposition.
Reports on the topic "Social Development Commission"
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Biegelbauer, Peter, Christian Hartmann, Wolfgang Polt, Anna Wang, and Matthias Weber. Mission-Oriented Innovation Policies in Austria – a case study for the OECD. JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.493.
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In recent years, mission-oriented approaches have received growing interest in science, technology and innovation (STI) policies against the background of two developments. First, while so-called “horizontal” or “generic” approaches to research, technology and innovation policies have largely been successful in improving the general innovation performance or the rate of innovation, there are perceived limitations in terms of insufficiently addressing the direction of technological change and innovation. Second, “grand societal challenges” emerged on policy agendas, such as climate change, security, food and energy supply or ageing populations, which call for thematic orientation and the targeting of research and innovation efforts. In addition, the apparent success of some mission-oriented initiatives in countries like China, South Korea, and the United States in boosting technological development for purposes of strengthening competitiveness contributed to boosting the interest in targeted and directional government interventions in STI. Against the backdrop of this renewed interest in mission-oriented STI policy, the OECD has addressed the growing importance of this topic and launched a project looking into current experiences with Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy (MOIP). The present study on MOIP in Austria was commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Energy, Mobility, Environment, Innovation and Technologiy (BMK) and comprises the Austrian contributions to this OECD project. The study aims at contributing Austrian experiences to the international debate and to stimulate a national debate on MOIP.
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Coulson, Saskia, Melanie Woods, Drew Hemment, and Michelle Scott. Report and Assessment of Impact and Policy Outcomes Using Community Level Indicators: H2020 Making Sense Report. University of Dundee, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001192.
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Making Sense is a European Commission H2020 funded project which aims at supporting participatory sensing initiatives that address environmental challenges in areas such as noise and air pollution. The development of Making Sense was informed by previous research on a crowdfunded open source platform for environmental sensing, SmartCitizen.me, developed at the Fab Lab Barcelona. Insights from this research identified several deterrents for a wider uptake of participatory sensing initiatives due to social and technical matters. For example, the participants struggled with the lack of social interactions, a lack of consensus and shared purpose amongst the group, and a limited understanding of the relevance the data had in their daily lives (Balestrini et al., 2014; Balestrini et al., 2015). As such, Making Sense seeks to explore if open source hardware, open source software and and open design can be used to enhance data literacy and maker practices in participatory sensing. Further to this, Making Sense tests methodologies aimed at empowering individuals and communities through developing a greater understanding of their environments and by supporting a culture of grassroot initiatives for action and change. To do this, Making Sense identified a need to underpin sensing with community building activities and develop strategies to inform and enable those participating in data collection with appropriate tools and skills. As Fetterman, Kaftarian and Wanderman (1996) state, citizens are empowered when they understand evaluation and connect it in a way that it has relevance to their lives. Therefore, this report examines the role that these activities have in participatory sensing. Specifically, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in using the concept of Community Level Indicators (CLIs), which are measurable and objective sources of information gathered to complement sensor data. We describe how CLIs are used to develop a more indepth understanding of the environmental problem at hand, and to record, monitor and evaluate the progress of change during initiatives. We propose that CLIs provide one way to move participatory sensing beyond a primarily technological practice and towards a social and environmental practice. This is achieved through an increased focus in the participants’ interests and concerns, and with an emphasis on collective problem solving and action. We position our claims against the following four challenge areas in participatory sensing: 1) generating and communicating information and understanding (c.f. Loreto, 2017), 2) analysing and finding relevance in data (c.f. Becker et al., 2013), 3) building community around participatory sensing (c.f. Fraser et al., 2005), and 4) achieving or monitoring change and impact (c.f. Cheadle et al., 2000). We discuss how the use of CLIs can tend to these challenges. Furthermore, we report and assess six ways in which CLIs can address these challenges and thereby support participatory sensing initiatives: i. Accountability ii. Community assessment iii. Short-term evaluation iv. Long-term evaluation v. Policy change vi. Capability The report then returns to the challenge areas and reflects on the learnings and recommendations that are gleaned from three Making Sense case studies. Afterwhich, there is an exposition of approaches and tools developed by Making Sense for the purposes of advancing participatory sensing in this way. Lastly, the authors speak to some of the policy outcomes that have been realised as a result of this research.
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Valuing FSA Research and Development. Food Standards Agency, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.wyo220.
Full textAbstract:
We fund research and development across a broad spectrum of areas aimed at improving public health and consumer confidence and developing more flexible approaches to regulation that deliver effective assurance. The intended benefits from our funded research can be hard to measure and attribute, such as new food safety standards which may lead to positive social change. Previous attempts to assess the benefits delivered by our research have met with limited success, and our own review of the literature concluded that none of the published valuation methodologies met our need. This project was commissioned to develop a new bespoke valuation methodology that could be used to inform the prioritisation of future research and development investment.