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Books on the topic 'Social disorganization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Siegmunt, Olga. Neighborhood Disorganization and Social Control. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21590-7.

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2

Juvenile homicides: A social disorganization perspective. El Paso [Tex.]: LFB Scholarly Pub., 2011.

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3

Xiong, Haiyan. Urban Crime and Social Disorganization in China. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-859-5.

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4

Manzano: A study of community disorganization. New York: AMS Press, 1989.

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5

Industrialization and social disorganization: A study of tribals in Bihar. New Delhi: Concept, 1985.

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6

Bernth, Lindfors, ed. Approaches to teaching Achebe's Things fall apart. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 1991.

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7

CrimComics Issue 4: Social Disorganization Theory. Oxford University Press, 2017.

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8

Umar, Faisal, Shane D. Johnson, and James A. Cheshire. Testing Theories of Social Disorganization in Nigeria. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.10.

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This chapter focuses on the social disorganization approach to understanding variations in area-level rates of crime. It first provides context through a brief description of the study area, Badarawa-Malali, an urban district in the city of Kaduna, Nigeria (Section 17.2). Section 17.3 provides a review of the different components of social disorganization theory, the mechanisms through which they are believed to operate, how they have been estimated in previous studies, and whether they are meaningful in the context of Nigeria. Section 17.4 describes the data and survey methods employed, while Section 17.5 discusses the geographical units of analysis used in this present study. Section 17.6 presents an empirical test of social disorganization theory using data for Nigeria. The final section discusses the findings and their implications for criminological understanding.
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9

Siegmunt, Olga. Neighborhood Disorganization and Social Control: Case Studies from Three Russian Cities. Springer London, Limited, 2016.

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10

Neighborhood Disorganization and Social Control: Case Studies from Three Russian Cities. Springer, 2016.

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11

Social Disorganization and Strain Theories: A Historical Perspective on Contemporary Theories of Criminology. Lulu Press, Inc., 2012.

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12

Xiong, Haiyan. Urban Crime and Social Disorganization in China: A Case Study of Three Communities in Guangzhou. Springer, 2016.

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13

Xiong, Haiyan. Urban Crime and Social Disorganization in China: A Case Study of Three Communities in Guangzhou. Springer, 2015.

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14

Xiong, Haiyan. Urban Crime and Social Disorganization in China: A Case Study of Three Communities in Guangzhou. Springer London, Limited, 2015.

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15

Wilcox, Pamela, and Kristin Swartz. Social Spatial Influences. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.1.

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This chapter reviews the more macrospatial tradition of community- or neighborhood-based theory and research, as this line of inquiry is a vital part of contemporary environmental criminology’s intellectual ancestry. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2.2 discusses the relationship between neighborhood social disorganization and crime according to early Chicago school scholars. Section 2.3 highlights the role of neighborhood-based systemic control on community rates of crime, while Section 2.4 discusses the influence of community-based collective efficacy. Section 2.5 considers the influences of ecologically rooted cognitive landscapes, street culture, and legal cynicism. Finally, Section 2.6 discusses the various ways in which neighborhoods provide “crime opportunity contexts”—and it is in this section that the overlap and compatibility between community-focused criminology and contemporary environmental criminology is most explicit.
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16

Hurt, Wesley R. Manzano: A Study of Community Disorganization (Immigrant Communities and Ethnic Minorities in the United States and Canada, 34). AMS Press, 1989.

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17

Louis, Gottschalk A., Goldine C. Gleser, and Carolyn N. Winget. Manual of Instructions for Using the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis Scales: Anxiety, Hostility, and Social Alienation-Personal Disorganization. University of California Press, 2022.

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18

Louis, Gottschalk A., Goldine C. Gleser, and Carolyn N. Winget. Manual of Instructions for Using the Gottschalk-Gleser Content Analysis Scales: Anxiety, Hostility, and Social Alienation-Personal Disorganization. University of California Press, 2022.

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19

Pauwels, Lieven J. R., Gerben J. N. Bruinsma, Frank M. Weerman, Wim Hardyns, and Wim Bernasco. Research on Neighborhoods in European Cities. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.9.

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This chapter provides an overview of European neighborhood studies of crime, victimization, and delinquency that were explicitly guided or inspired by social disorganization theory. Although the origin of social disorganization theory lies in the United States with a long-lasting tradition in urban research, considerable attention has also been given to this perspective in Europe, as well as in other parts of the world. In Europe, a long research tradition of studies on the effects of city or neighborhood characteristics on crime-related outcomes existed before the social disorganization perspective emerged in the United States. Recently, several studies have been conducted in European cities that report findings that differ from those usually found in an American context. Therefore, knowledge about these European studies is paramount for our insights on the role of the neighborhood in crime and criminal behavior.
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20

Felson, Marcus. Four Images of the Delinquency Area. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.6.

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This chapter sorts out some of the ideas that are sometimes mixed together under the rubric of “social disorganization.” It argues that (1) social disorganization is really not an independent variable or a theory; (2) rather, it is a composite image of the “delinquency area”—the part of town that also has very high crime rates; and (3) this composite image can be disentangled and then clarified, allowing students to learn it and researchers to sharpen their findings. The chapter extracts four distinct images of the delinquency area in the effort to clarify the topic, help people learn it, and assist researchers.
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21

Sanders, Bill. A Dictionary of Gangs. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780191845611.001.0001.

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Over 250 entries This new dictionary gives a concise overview of key words used in the study and understanding of gangs. Broad in scope, it covers colloquialisms used in gang culture and sociological and criminological terms in relation to gangs, including social disorganization and social learning, as well as general academic concepts which apply to gangs, such as Critical Race Theory, acculturation, moral panic, and identity. With entries on gangs both inside and outside of the United States and theories of key gang researchers, it is a useful resource for students, academics, and researchers studying criminology or law, or those who work in some capacity with gangs.
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22

Fagan, Abigail A., J. David Hawkins, Richard F. Catalano, and David P. Farrington. Theoretical Perspectives Guiding the Development and Evaluation of CTC. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190299217.003.0002.

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Prevention science recommends that EBIs should be based on theories that describe the causes of behavioral health problems. They should also be evaluated in high-quality research studies that examine implementation and outcomes both under ideal conditions, like scientist-led efficacy trials, and naturalistic conditions, such as effectiveness trials that rely on community agencies and staff. This chapter reviews the theories guiding the development of the CTC system, including life-course developmental theory, the Social Development Model, social disorganization theory, and the Diffusion of Innovations theory. CTC has been created and evaluated using a community-based participatory approach. The benefits and challenges of this approach are also discussed.
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23

Lombardo, Robert M. Explaining Organized Crime. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037306.003.0002.

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This chapter reviews the theoretical underpinnings of the alien conspiracy and ethnic succession theories as explanations for the emergence and continuation of organized crime in American society. It first considers the arguments of the alien conspiracy theory, as well as the cultural deviance theory upon which it is based, before discussing the claims of the social disorganization theory as the basis of the ethnic succession theory. The chapter also examines the theories of human ecology, cultural transmission, and differential social organization, along with delinquency theories and their relation to organized crime, with particular emphasis on recruitment issues. Finally, the chapter looks at the relationship between Gerald Suttles's conceptualization of the defended neighborhood and racket subcultures.
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24

Bottoms, Anthony. The Importance of High Offender Neighborhoods within Environmental Criminology. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.5.

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This chapter argues that the study of the geographical distribution of crimes is significantly enriched when it takes into account the location of offender residences, especially high offender-rate neighborhoods. It first explains why the study of high offender neighborhoods is vital to the study of the criminology of place, both in explanatory terms and as regards implications for crime prevention. It then shows that high offender neighborhoods are not all the same, and that the single concept of social disorganization is not adequate to explain these differences. The conclusion summarizes the argument and considers its implications for the important question of the optimum units of analysis in the study of environmental criminology.
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25

Simpson, Scott A., and Robert E. Feinstein. Crisis Intervention in Integrated Care. Edited by Robert E. Feinstein, Joseph V. Connelly, and Marilyn S. Feinstein. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190276201.003.0026.

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A crisis occurs when a life stressor overwhelms a person’s ability to cope with a problematic life situation. Crises often become evident in the primary care setting. People in crisis feel distressed and alone; they experience a psychological disorganization that affects their mood and functioning. Most patients can benefit from a brief crisis intervention treatment delivered in an integrated care environment. Behavioral health specialists can lead crisis intervention therapy with the support of the primary care provider, nurses, staff, and a consulting psychiatrist. Crisis intervention treatment includes identifying the life stressor, understanding the patient’s response to stress, assessing the patient’s social system, listing possible solutions to the crisis, and working to implement those solutions. As the crisis resolves, the integrated team provides anticipatory guidance for the patient and primary provider.
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26

Baudains, Peter, and Shane D. Johnson. Riots, Space, and Place. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.26.

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This chapter reanalyzes data concerning the 2011 riots in Greater London. The authors extended prior work in a number of directions, using variables more representative of the areas in which rioting took place, using smaller geographical units of analysis, and extending the analysis to examine the role of risky facilities. The results show support for crime pattern and social disorganization theories, as well as the precipitating influence of crowds, in explaining rioter decision-making. In addition, it is shown that different types of facilities appear to have different influences on the spatial decision-making of those engaged in the riots. In explaining these differences, the chapter draws attention to the fact that some facilities are more common on the high street and visited more spontaneously, while others require a more purposeful visit, are likely to provide more guardianship, and are more likely to have formal place management practices.
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27

Rosen, David H., and Uyen Hoang. Patient Centered Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190628871.001.0001.

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Patient-Centered Medicine: A Human Experience emphasizes the health professional’s role in caring for patients as unique individuals by focusing on patients’ psychological and social realities as well as their biological needs. The text concerns itself with caring for the whole patient, and outlines the basic principles (acceptance, empathy, conceptualization, and competence) involved in developing a biopsychosocial approach to medical practice. This is a volume of guidelines to help you to develop and master the following: basic attitudes (awareness, disorganization, and reorganization) and interviewing skills; the realization that the experience of illness depends on the person, challenges of illness, coping, problem patients, the nature of the healing process, touching, healing and the biopsychosocial model, medicine’s existential quest, and desiderata. According to Andrew Weil, MD, “Patient-Centered Medicine: A Human Experience is a timely and welcome publication …. Integrative medicine also emphasizes the importance of the practitioner–patient relationship in the healing process…. Medical students and doctors in training will find it especially useful” (Foreword, this edition) According to Norman Cousins, “[this is] a book filled with compassion and insight … attach the highest value to your science… it is our respect for the human soul that determines the worth of our science” (Foreword, 1st edition).
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28

Gotman, Kélina. Choreomania. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190840419.001.0001.

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This book traces the emergence and spread of the choreomania concept through colonial medical and ethnographic circles, showing how fantasies of instability—and of the Oriental other—haunted scientific modernity. Scenes from the archives of medical history, neurology, psychiatry, sociology, religion, and popular journalism show how the discursive history of the ‘dancing mania’ moved and transformed with its translations throughout the colonial world. From antiquarian references to ancient Greek bacchanals and medieval St. Vitus’s dances, to scientific reperformances of early modern religious ecstasies, and American government anthropology, ‘choreomania’ arose to signal every sort of gestural and choreographic unrest. Village kermesses, revolutionary crowds, and neuromotor disorders—including hysteria, epilepsy, and chorea—were among the many unruly forms of locomotion indiscriminately compared to bacchanalian turmoil. So too, charges of spontaneous political agitation levied against demonstrators from Africa and South America to the South Seas reveal heightened anxieties about the spread of social disorder. Initially employed to describe ‘contagious’ popular dances, jerking movements, and convulsions, with decolonization, the ‘dancing disease’ increasingly described the fitful drama of anti-European revolt. Closely indebted to the work of Michel Foucault, this book opens a new chapter on the way we think epidemic madness and the organization and disorganization of bodies and disciplines in the modern age. Setting ideas about disruptively moving bodies at the heart of the scientific enterprise, this book argues that disciplines themselves were at once more porous and mobile than is commonly allowed, and that ‘dance’ itself has to be radically reimagined across fields.
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29

Greer, Ian, Karen N. Breidahl, Matthias Knuth, and Flemming Larsen. The Marketization of Employment Services. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198785446.001.0001.

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This book examines the marketization of employment services and its consequences in Denmark, Great Britain, and Germany. What concretely does marketization mean in practice? What are its effects on the services and their governance? How does marketization and its effects map against the main ‘regime types’ found in comparative social science? These questions are answered using more than 100 qualitative interviews with policymakers, managers, and front-line workers. The qualitative material in the book shows how transactions are structured by the public authorities that fund the services and how managers respond both collectively as a sector and individually in organizing services. The book does so within a framework that allows both within- and between-country comparisons. Employment services are used as a window into the much larger phenomenon of intensified economic competition across Europe. These three countries have marketized their employment services in different ways, and the distinct trajectories are discussed. We define employment services as government-funded services to move jobless people into, or closer to, paid work, with a public employment service as the responsible ‘public authority’. Marketization in this book is conceptualized in terms of the features of transactions that produce competition between providers. Providers of employment services are deeply affected by marketization, because it shapes the uncertainty and resource scarcity that they face. Marketization can lead to the disorganization of employment relations and the intensification of managerial control, and the quality of services is part of these organization-level effects. Marketization creates four dilemmas that lead to change in governance—price versus quality, payment-by-results versus equal access to services, user choice versus user compulsion, and transparency/openness vs transaction costs. Failures of the work-first welfare state are due in large part to the failures of marketization.
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