Academic literature on the topic 'Social ecological influences'

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Journal articles on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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Shinn, Marybeth. "Ecological Influences on an Ecologically-Oriented Community Psychologist." Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 28, no. 1-2 (August 9, 2004): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j005v28n01_06.

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Pelletier, David L. "Ecological, social and institutional influences on nutrition policy." Nutritional Anthropology 22, no. 2 (March 1999): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nua.1999.22.2.4.

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Casola, Allison R., Brianna Kunes, Amy Cunningham, and Robert J. Motley. "Mask Use During COVID-19: A Social-Ecological Analysis." Health Promotion Practice 22, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839920983922.

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To limit the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued recommendations that individuals wear face masks in public. Despite these recommendations, the individual decision to adhere and wear a mask may not be a simple decision. In this article, we examine the decision to wear a mask from a social-ecological perspective. Through critical analysis of societal, interpersonal and community, and intrapersonal influences, it is clear that the decision to wear a mask is multifaceted and influenced by constructs including public health recommendations and government mandates, racism and cultural norms, geography, household income, age, and personal attitudes. Understanding the multifactorial influences on mask wearing during COVID-19 is crucial for informing the creation and distribution of inclusive public health messaging regarding mask wearing now in the midst of an unprecedented health crisis, and in future unforeseen public health emergencies.
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Bopp, Melissa, Andrew T. Kaczynski, and Matthew E. Campbell. "Social Ecological Influences on Work-Related Active Commuting Among Adults." American Journal of Health Behavior 37, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.37.4.12.

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Baggio, Jacopo A., Shauna B. BurnSilver, Alex Arenas, James S. Magdanz, Gary P. Kofinas, and Manlio De Domenico. "Multiplex social ecological network analysis reveals how social changes affect community robustness more than resource depletion." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 48 (November 16, 2016): 13708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1604401113.

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Network analysis provides a powerful tool to analyze complex influences of social and ecological structures on community and household dynamics. Most network studies of social–ecological systems use simple, undirected, unweighted networks. We analyze multiplex, directed, and weighted networks of subsistence food flows collected in three small indigenous communities in Arctic Alaska potentially facing substantial economic and ecological changes. Our analysis of plausible future scenarios suggests that changes to social relations and key households have greater effects on community robustness than changes to specific wild food resources.
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Devereux, Paul G., Charles C. Bullock, Zebbedia G. Gibb, and Heidi Himler. "Social-ecological influences on interpersonal support in people with physical disability." Disability and Health Journal 8, no. 4 (October 2015): 564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.05.002.

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Wang, Cixin, Kieu Anh Do, Leiping Bao, Yan R. Xia, Chaorong Wu, and Lauren Couch. "Ecological Influences on Chinese Adolescents’ Problem Behaviors: A Multilevel Analysis." Journal of Family Issues 39, no. 9 (February 22, 2018): 2545–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x18757828.

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This study investigated the effects of individuals, school, and familial protective and risk factors and their interactions on adolescent problem behaviors using a stratified random sample of 2,864 (51.5% female) students from 55 classrooms in 13 schools in Shanghai, China ( Mage = 15.52 years, SD = 1.62). Results from the multilevel analyses indicate that being male, having high parent–adolescent conflict, high independent self-construal, low conformity, low grade rank, and low classroom-level and individual-level school adjustment predicted problem behaviors. Adolescent independent self-construal also interacted with parental autonomy granting to predict vandalism. For adolescents with low or moderate levels of independent self-construal, autonomy granting predicted lower odds of vandalism, but for adolescents with high levels of independent self-construal, parental autonomy granting predicted higher odds of vandalism. The findings highlight the complex effects of parenting and independent/interdependent self-construals on adolescent problem behaviors in China.
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Chen, Libin, Qi Wu, and Lin Jiang. "Impact of Environmental Concern on Ecological Purchasing Behavior: The Moderating Effect of Prosociality." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053004.

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Promoting ecological consumption is gradually becoming a social consensus. A crucial point of ecological consumption is consumers’ willingness to purchase eco-friendly products, which has become an important consideration for government policymakers. In order to achieve social responsibility, enterprises are also finding ways to encourage consumers to buy eco-friendly products. In this study, we explored the relationship between environmental concern and ecological purchasing behavior, and we tested the moderating effect of prosociality in order to explain why people act in a manner that benefits society. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to gather data, and statistical hypotheses were validated through a structural equation model. The results indicated that enhancing consumers’ environmental concerns can effectively influence their eco-purchasing behavior. Therefore, ecological attitude and ecological responsibility have a direct influence on ecological purchasing behavior. Environmental concern positively influences ecological attitude and ecological responsibility through ecological values and ecological affects. Furthermore, the prosociality moderating effect is also significant. Prosociality positively moderates the relationships among ecological responsibility, ecological attitude, and ecological purchasing behavior. The relationships among these factors are important to consider when developing ecological marketing campaigns and communication strategies to influence consumers’ ecological behavior. Therefore, fostering prosociality among citizens is also an effective way to enhance the level of eco-consumption.
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Ayers, Britni L., Marilou D. Shreve, Allison L. Scott, Victoria A. Seaton, Kelly V. Johnson, Nicola L. Hawley, Brett Rowland, Ramey Moore, and Pearl A. McElfish. "Social and economic influences on infant and child feeding practices in a Marshallese community." Public Health Nutrition 22, no. 8 (February 22, 2019): 1461–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018004007.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the key influences on infant and child feeding practices among a Marshallese community at each social ecological level. It is the first study to examine the key influences on infant and child feeding practices with Marshallese immigrant women in the USA and helps fill a gap in the previous literature that has included other immigrant women.DesignCommunity-based participatory research design with twenty-seven participants taking part in four qualitative focus groups.SettingThe study took place within the Marshallese community in Arkansas, USA.ParticipantsParticipants included Marshallese women with children aged 1–3 years and/or caregivers. Caregivers were defined as someone other than the parent who cares for children. Caregivers were often older women in the Marshallese community.ResultsThere were five primary themes within multiple levels of the Social Ecological Model. At the intrapersonal level, mothers’ and caregivers’ autonomy emerged. At the interpersonal level, child-led and familial influences emerged. At the organizational level, health-care provider influences emerged; and at the policy level, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children emerged as the most salient influence.ConclusionsMarshallese immigrant women’s infant and child feeding practices are influenced at intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational and policy levels. Understanding these multidimensional influences is necessary to inform the creation of culturally tailored interventions to reduce health disparities within the Marshallese community.
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Yancey, Antronette (Toni). "Social Ecological Influences on Obesity Control: Instigating Problems and Informing Potential Solutions." Obesity Management 3, no. 2 (April 2007): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/obe.2007.0020.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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Clements, Hayley S. "Multi-scale, social-ecological influences on private land conservation in South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22718.

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In understanding the behaviour of social-ecological systems, much focus has been placed on the role of institutions that govern how natural resources should be managed, and the biophysical processes affected by this management. Somewhat less attention has been given to the role played by the natural resource managers themselves. Novel insight into social-ecological systems can be gained from understanding why managers act as they do and how management actions become reinforced into (un)sustainable management regimes. In this thesis I applied a social-ecological systems perspective to the phenomenon of private land conservation. With increasing interest in the role that the private sector can play in global conservation efforts, a pertinent but largely unexplored question is whether private land conservation areas (PLCAs) can conserve biodiversity over sufficiently long time scales. This thesis contributes to social-ecological systems theory through an in-depth analysis of the multi-scale interactions among natural resources, managers and socioeconomic processes, which affect PLCA management practices and their sustainability. The potential ability for commercially operated PLCAs to generate the funds necessary for their maintenance makes them an attractive conservation strategy in an economically-orientated world. There are concerns, however, that (a) their long-term sustainability may be dependent on their ability to become and remain financially viable; and (b) they may be tempted to prioritize profit over biodiversity protection in their management practices, thereby jeopardizing their ecological sustainability. The objectives of this thesis were to investigate if, how and why commercial PLCA managers (a) meet their financial objectives and (b) adopt unsustainable ecological management practices. During 2014 and 2015 I interviewed the managers of 72 commercial PLCAs in the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa, a region that supports a rapidly growing yet poorly understood PLCA industry. I applied theories from organizational ecology to understand patterns in the income-generating strategies adopted by PLCA managers. Distinct business models were evident, differentiated by incompatibilities in the biophysical (size, fauna) and socioeconomic (activities, affordability) characteristics of these conservation areas. PLCAs characterized by financial objectives but unprofitable business models suggest that these incompatibilities constrain the ability of managers to effectively adapt to their economic environment, a concept known as "structural inertia" in organizational ecology. Profitability was highest on PLCAs that supported megaherbivores and large predators, reflecting international tourist preferences for charismatic game. Managers' financial objectives influenced the strategies that they employed to manage these mammals. When managers used revenue-generation to inform their management decisions, they undertook management actions that enabled them to maximize and stabilize game populations. While this intensive management resulted in higher revenues, it corresponded in many cases with a lack of ecological monitoring and an increased risk of overstocking game. Regional policy guidelines for large predator management both mitigated and exacerbated the mismatch between financially-desirable and ecologically-sustainable management, depending on whether species-specific guidelines were ecologically appropriate or not. Simulations of a mechanistic PLCA model were used to test whether adopted management strategies influenced the observed constraints on business model adaptation. If the income-generating potential of an adopted business model was low, managers were unable to accumulate the capital necessary to overcome the biophysical and socioeconomic incompatibilities that separated business models, constraining their adaptive capacity. Intensively managed PLCAs were able to generate a more stable annual income, accumulate more capital and overcome constraints on adaptation faster than PLCAs managed according to ecological monitoring. This unique, large-sample assessment of the social-ecological mechanisms underlying PLCA sustainability emphasizes the significant role that managers can play in promoting resilient social-ecological systems. When financial viability is an important consideration, broad-scale socioeconomic factors can influence fine-scale management decisions. Through constraints on adaptation, and the presence or absence of corrective feedbacks between management actions and ecological monitoring, these management decisions can become reinforced into management regimes on a trajectory towards, or away from, sustainability. This study therefore provides a novel contribution to our understanding of how the interactions between managers and ecosystems influence the behaviour of social-ecological systems.
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Terrell, Joyce L. "Social Ecological Influences of WIC Programming Behavior Change of Former WIC Participants." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1661.

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The Special Supplemental Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Program is one of many United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food subsidy programs that serves 8.6 million participants, deemed nutritionally at risk. WIC is designed to influence nutritional and health behaviors to a population least capable of functioning. The purpose of this study was to identify if participation in WIC's nutrition education activities and restricted use of food subsidy benefits had a post-factorial effect on their nutritional behaviors. This study provides data on Bronfenbrenner's social ecological influences and how it impacts on long-term behavioral change. A quantitative causal-comparative design utilizing a convenience sampling method compared responses to a survey on nutritional habits of women shoppers at a Walmart retailer in an urban southeastern metropolitan city. The study population included women aged 18-50 years with one or more child who had or were currently receiving WIC (n = 63) compared with controls (n = 32) who also met the aforementioned criteria, yet did not receive WIC. Analyses of a Wilcoxon signed rank test supported an association between participation in WIC and an influence on participants' food purchase habits, while evidence from a linear equation for repeated measures between groups did not support a common variable for what influenced purchases between cases and controls. This study provides insight for future study regarding WIC's effectiveness to promote long-term health for its participants. It may also lend to discussion by USDA officials to consider programmatic review and change of other food subsidy programs which conceivably could impact the diets of more than 49 million Americans.
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Robinette, Renee L. "Social and ecological influences on decision-making by beach-foraging northwestern crows (Corvus caurinus) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9131.

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Huang, Ya Ling. "Social ecological influences on preferences for care provided at the end of life amongst Taiwanese city-dwelling adults." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/70307/8/Ya%20Ling_Huang_Thesis.pdf.

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Social and cultural elements are an essential part of the contexts within which people understand their word and make end-of-life decisions. A developmental social ecological model was used in this thesis to provide a comprehensive framework for examining influences on end-of-life preferences. The findings support claims made by social ecologists that individual's health-related choices can be influenced by cultural, social contextual and environmental factors over the course of life. The results of this study have implications for health professionals and the practices they can adopt to enhance end-of-life care.
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Richard, Jordan Conner. "Human and environmental influences on the distribution and abundance of arapaima in river floodplains of the Lower Amazon." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73479.

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Understanding the factors influencing the abundance and distribution of tropical floodplain fishes is an important component of fisheries management plans to support future sustainable resource use. This thesis uses a multi-scale approach to understand the habitat factors controlling the distribution and abundance of arapaima (Arapaima spp.) in river floodplains of the lower Amazon River, near the municipality of Santarém, Para State, Brazil. In chapter 1, a study of eight environmental variables in 13 dry season floodplain lakes demonstrates that lake depth, relative depth, conductivity, and transparency were significantly related to the probability of arapaima presence at individual locations within lakes. Further, the study revealed that smaller arapaima were more likely to be found near macrophyte coverage than in open water locations. In chapter 2, a landscape scale approach was used to examine the interactions between management systems, landscape habitat coverage, and spatial arrangement on arapaima population sizes in 73 floodplain lakes. Results showed that all three influences were important in explaining variability in arapaima abundances. Management and habitat variables contributed equally in controlling arapaima abundances. Both had strong patterns of spatial arrangement and overlapped significantly, suggesting that analysis of either management systems or landscape habitats without the other would lead to overestimations of the strength of their influence. Findings from both chapters support the notion that future sustainable use of arapaima populations requires a dualistic approach combining habitat conservation with fisheries management techniques enacted at a local scale.
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Lopez, Littleton Vanessa A. "An ecological analysis of social and economic influences on black and white infant mortality risk in Orange County, FL." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4788.

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Black health disparities are a salient public health issue with blacks in every socioeconomic level at a greater health disadvantage than their white counterparts. In particular, disparity in infant mortality rates between blacks and whites have widened in recent decades to differentials never before experienced in the United States. Social ecologists investigating the myriad of individual and environmental risk factors have failed to fully account for the persistent differential. This study examines the relationships between individual and environmental influences on the health risk experienced by blacks, whites, as well as the differential between the two populations. This multi-level analysis was conducted using five-year aggregate data centering on the 2000 decennial census (1998 - 2002) as the most recent census data available. During the study period, the 193 census tracts in Orange County, Florida, experienced 504 infant deaths which included 242 black and 241 white infant deaths. Using the infant mortality target rate developed for Healthy People 2000 as the "normal" infant mortality rate, risk was calculated as the percentage of deviation from the (")normal("). A rate was also calculated to demonstrate the difference between black and white percent deviations from the "normal". Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between socioeconomic influences (Socioeconomic Disadvantage), social risk factors (Social Disorganization), and behavioral risk factors (Poor Behavioral Choices) using a latent variable approach based on a conceptual model which integrated the social determinants of health framework and conflict theory. In this study, an inverse association was found between socioeconomic disadvantage and infant mortality risk for black infants.; This finding is contradictory to the expected finding and may have been due to multicollinearity or the operationalization of the endogenous study variable for black infant mortality risk. Thus, this study highlights the complexity of unraveling the interrelationship between social and economic risk factors. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of the latent variable approach in public health research as well as the need to broaden the approach to selecting indicators. This study concludes with specific policy recommendations aimed at improving the health outcomes of vulnerable populations using the social determinants of health framework.
ID: 030646194; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 172-190).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs
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Stanford, Jevetta. "Ecological Influences on Weight Status in Urban African-American Adolescent Females: A Structural Equation Analysis." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/356.

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The present study employed a quantitative, non-experimental, multivariate correlational research design to test a hypothesized model examining associative paths of influence between ecological factors and weight status of urban, African-American adolescent females. Anthropometric and self-report survey data of 182 urban, African- American adolescent females were collected during after-school programs, health and physical education classes, and community events in an urban area in northeast Florida. Descriptive analyses were conducted to characterize the study participants based upon their age, study setting, and weight status. A scale reliability analysis was conducted to assess the internal consistency reliability of the sample data using selected measures within the context of the study’s specific population and subsequently guided the structural equation model (SEM) analyses. The SEM path analysis was used to develop two measurement models to control for observed error variance for variables demonstrating poor internal consistency reliability (diet behaviors and nutrition selfefficacy) and a final structural model to test the associative paths of influence between latent (diet behaviors and nutrition self-efficacy) and manifest variables (teacher social support and friend social support) on weight status. The results of the path analysis indicated that both teacher social support and friend social support demonstrated a positive, indirect influence on child weight status through nutrition self-efficacy and diet behaviors following two different and specific paths of influence. Diet behaviors, in turn, demonstrated a positive, direct effect on child weight status. These findings provide clear implications for educational leaders that call for the integration of health behavior change theory into traditional education and leadership practice and actively addressing the childhood obesity epidemic in the school environment by implementing health behavior change strategies at various ecological environmental levels.
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Hernandez, Natalie Dolores. "An Exploration of the Meaning and Consequences of Unintended Pregnancy among Latina Cultural Subgroups: Social, Cultural, Structural, Historical and Political Influences." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4505.

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In the United States, prominent racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy, abortion, and unintended births exist. Recent analysis suggests that Latinas are three times more likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than non-Latina white women. More than half of pregnancies among Latinas (53%) in the United States are unintended and have higher unintended births as they are less likely than black women to have an abortion. In addition, in 2006 the unintended pregnancy rate was highest among women aged 20-24. Little research has 0been conducted to understand unintended pregnancy particularly among young adult Latina women. The purpose of the study is to determine and understand the meaning of unintended pregnancy among Latina subpopulations and examine the perceived consequences and management of unintended pregnancy among Latina subpopulations. Between May 2012 and October 2012, twenty in-depth-interviews were conducted with U. S. born- Latinas between 18-25 years of age seeking a confirmation pregnancy test at clinics in which some provided abortion services. Latinas in the study's meaning of pregnancy came from their complicated life situations, and were facilitated by Latino cultural beliefs, such as fatalism, religiosity and familismo. Many held favorable and positive meanings of their unintended pregnancy, particularly those who continued their pregnancies to term. Consistent with several other studies, the act of deliberately trying to plan a pregnancy was foreign to many of these women, particularly because a pregnancy was something that should was not in their control and left up to God. Most of the Latinas in the study felt that women should not plan their pregnancies and doing so was going against fate and natural life course. Public health research overwhelmingly highlights the negative maternal and child health consequences of unintended, while many women in this study perceived the negative consequences of unintended pregnancy to be primarily emotional and social. The inquiry found stigma surrounding unintended pregnancy among Latinas in this study. More than half of the women in the study resorted to termination of their pregnancy and cited fears of family reaction, fears their partner would deny paternity or responsibility, and/or desires to continue schooling, community and societal attitudes toward an unintended pregnancy and religiosity, as influencing this decision. In addition, contributing to the stigma were the stereotypes of Latinas. Latinas decision to continue their pregnancies to term or have an abortion was provoked by diverse and interrelated factors. Although a few Latinas in the study stated their partner's had an influence on the pregnancy resolution decision, all Latina stated that ultimately they were in control over their pregnancy resolution decision. Even when Latinas partners did not agree with their decision, women still performed their intended pregnancy resolution decision. . Family planning services might benefit from intervention designs with the following features that address the cultural needs of this population; a) highlight/stress the importance and benefits of delaying a pregnancy, not discuss pregnancy planning which was found to be irrelevant to these women, b) incorporate and address cultural constructs such as familismo and fatalism as protective factors rather than risk factors, and c) link and discuss issues such as poverty, education, insurance, stigma, and mental health issues. Many women reported these factors as perceived consequences and influencing the management of an unintended pregnancy. Interventions may be aimed at improving provider communication with Latinas about prevention of unintended pregnancy as well their pregnancy resolution options. Future public health campaigns might benefit from incorporating promotores de salud who had similar experiences in curriculums already discussing reproductive health. Support groups and mental health counseling was suggested as needed among participants that terminated their pregnancies. Future research should continue to focus on the multiple levels of influence and the contribution they make on the meaning and consequences of unintended pregnancy. In addition, the role of cultural protective factors in strengthening families and communities merits further exploration. This study increased our understanding of what unintended pregnancy means in the Latino community, and explored it from a comprehensive, multi-dimensional, and structural perspective. Understanding these factors are important and first steps to addressing an issue that affects Latinas, their families, communities, and the nation-at large.
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Shier, Debra Marie. "Social and ecological influences on the survival skills of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) : a role for behavior in conservation /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Carlsson, Johanna. "A study of generations, choice of occupation and the possible influences it can have on an individual’s ecological behaviour in everyday life." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1705.

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Environmental consciousness among the Swedish population has considerably increased over the last decade. However, to be concerned with environmental questions does not automatically lead to greater ecological awareness and behaviour in everyday life. It is, according to previous research findings, important to consider aspects of socialisation and the structural aspect of social life in order to understand the different individual expressions of ecological behaviour. De-emphasised importance of individual social backgrounds regarding an individual’s choices towards a more environmentally friendly lifestyle is therefore, according to several previous research findings, surprising. However, considering the major increased environmental consciousness among the Swedish population that has been shown, the objective of my master thesis was to analyse whether environment has become an area that engages all kinds of individuals, despite social backgrounds. Within the study, the two social factors that have been considered in most depth were generation and occupation. In order to get a deeper understanding of how people in Sweden view the individual responsibilities within the work towards a healthier environment, a literature study as well as an interview study was conducted. In the interview study, which was performed in Umeå, Sweden, interviews with scientists and day nurses born in the fifties and seventies were made. When considering the possible influences that generation and choice of occupation have on the individual’s choices towards a more environmentally friendly lifestyle, the result of my interview study did not indicate a direct relation between generation and occupation in one instance and rate of ecological behaviour in another. Instead individual differences among the scientists and day nurses from both considered generations were visible.


Miljömedvetenheten hos den svenska befolkningen har vuxit betydligt under det senaste årtiondet. Men att vara miljömedveten leder inte automatiskt till ett ekologiskt beteende i individers vardag. Enligt tidigare forskning är det viktigt att undersöka strukturella aspekter av socialisering, samt aspekter av det sociala livet för att närmare förstå olika individuella uttryck av ekologiskt beteende. Att den individuella sociala bakgrunden har mindre betydelse för en individs val av en mer miljövänlig livsstil ter sig därför överraskande enligt ett flertal tidigare forskningsresultat. Men, med tanke på den allt mer växande miljömedvetenheten hos den svenska befolkningen var syftet med min examensuppsats att undersöka om miljö har blivit ett område som engagerar alla individer bortsett från sociala bakgrunder. De två sociala faktorerna som undersöktes mer ingående i studien var generationstillhörighet och yrke. För att få en närmare förståelse av hur människor i Sverige ser på individens ansvar inom miljöarbetet utfördes en intervjustudie samt en litteraturstudie. I intervjustudien som utfördes i Umeå, Sverige, intervjuades forskare och förskollärare som var födda på femtiotalet och sjuttiotalet. Min intervjustudie visade inte en direkt relation mellan generationstillhörighet och yrke å ena sidan och grad av ekologiskt beteende å andra sidan. Istället, var individuella skillnader hos forskarna och förskollärarna födda på femtiotalet och sjuttiotalet synliga.

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Books on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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Stevens, Elizabeth Franke. Ecological and demographic influences on social behavior, harem stability and male reproductive success in feral horses (Equus caballus). Ann Arbor, Mich: UMI Dissertation Services, 1998.

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The social construction of nature: A sociology of ecological enlightenment. London: Sage Publications, 1996.

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Drucker, Peter F. The ecological vision: Reflections on the American condition. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1993.

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Hodakov, Viktor. Natural environment and human activity. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1194879.

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The monograph describes the influence of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions on human life and socio-economic systems, which are considered as regions, territories of Eastern Europe. The natural and climatic factors (PCFs) characterizing the natural environment of Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and Western (England and France) are considered. Eastern Europe is in the zone of negative PCFs, close to critical. The influence of the PCF on the vital activity of the state and man is systematically described: mentality, systemic thinking, human health, ensuring the safety of life, sustainability of development, agricultural production, housing and communal services, construction, industry, information security, parrying of the PCF, the influence of the PCF on the development of science and education. Climate change trends at the global and regional levels are also described. Estimates of the impact of the PCF on the economy of the state and regions, recommendations on the adaptation of the economy to the PCF, the relationship of information security and information about the PCF, information technologies for assessing the sustainability of development and investment attractiveness of territories, conceptual foundations of state anti-crisis management of socio-economic systems are presented. It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the field of life safety, computer ecological and economic monitoring. It can be used to educate society in the field of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions.
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Sensing changes: Technologies, environments, and the everyday, 1953-2003. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2010.

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Wilcox, Pamela, and Kristin Swartz. Social Spatial Influences. Edited by Gerben J. N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.1.

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This chapter reviews the more macrospatial tradition of community- or neighborhood-based theory and research, as this line of inquiry is a vital part of contemporary environmental criminology’s intellectual ancestry. The chapter is organized as follows. Section 2.2 discusses the relationship between neighborhood social disorganization and crime according to early Chicago school scholars. Section 2.3 highlights the role of neighborhood-based systemic control on community rates of crime, while Section 2.4 discusses the influence of community-based collective efficacy. Section 2.5 considers the influences of ecologically rooted cognitive landscapes, street culture, and legal cynicism. Finally, Section 2.6 discusses the various ways in which neighborhoods provide “crime opportunity contexts”—and it is in this section that the overlap and compatibility between community-focused criminology and contemporary environmental criminology is most explicit.
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Espelage, Dorothy, and Jun Sung Hong. Children Who Bully or Are Bullied. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.37.

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Bullying and cyberbullying among youth continue to be major public health issues that are quite disruptive to healthy academic, social, and mental health development. This chapter identifies the prevalence of these forms of bullying and the adverse outcomes. A social–ecological framework is used to discuss why youth become victims or perpetrators of bullying. From a social–ecological approach, youth are placed at risk for involvement in bullying by multiple factors, including individual characteristics, family dynamics, school climate factors, peer influences, and influences from the larger community. Also, these ecological structures can create a protective shield from involvement in bullying. Subsequent to the review of research , what works to prevent bullying and cyberbullying is discussed.
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Hall, Peter A., Geoffrey T. Fong, and Cassandra J. Lowe. Affective Dynamics in Temporal Self-Regulation Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499037.003.0006.

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Affective experiences are part of our everyday life, but do they influence health-related decisions and behaviors in a systematic way? Temporal self-regulation theory (TST) posits that health behaviors are a joint function of neurobiologically rooted executive control processes, prepotency, and intentions. The relative weights of these in turn depend largely on the ecological context in which the behaviors are being performed. On the surface, then, TST is a model of health behavior that relies predominantly on social-cognitive and neurocognitive constructs to explain health behavior trajectories. For this reason, it appears to not deal directly with the topic of affect in general, and emotion more specifically. However, there are several facets of the TST model that involve these processes, or are heavily influenced by them. This chapter discusses each of the primary points of intersection between affective processes and constructs within TST.
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McCay, Bonnie J., Paige West, Bradley B. Walters, Susan Lees, and Kenneth J. Long. Against the Grain: The Vayda Tradition in Human Ecology and Ecological Anthropology. AltaMira Press, 2008.

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(Editor), Bradley B. Walters, Bonnie J. McCay (Editor), Paige West (Editor), and Susan Lees (Editor), eds. Against the Grain: The Vayda Tradition in Human Ecology and Ecological Anthropology. AltaMira Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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Caes, Line, Liesbet Goubert, and Laura Simons. "An Ecological and Life Span Approach of Social Influences on Childhood Pain Experiences." In Social and Interpersonal Dynamics in Pain, 395–413. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78340-6_18.

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Grossmann, Wolf-Dieter. "Integration of Social and Ecological Factors: Dynamic Area Models of Subtle Human Influences on Ecosystems." In Humans as Components of Ecosystems, 229–45. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0905-8_18.

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Hu, Jia, Claire Qubain, and Diego Riveros-Iregui. "How Do Non-Native Plants Influence Soil Nutrients Along a Hydroclimate Gradient on San Cristobal Island?" In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 205–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43973-6_9.

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Schelhas, John, Janice Alexander, Mark Brunson, Tommy Cabe, Alycia Crall, Michael J. Dockry, Marla R. Emery, et al. "Social and Cultural Dynamics of Non-native Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 267–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_12.

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AbstractInvasive species and their management represent a complex issue spanning social and ecological systems. Invasive species present existing and potential threats to the nature of ecosystems and the products and services that people receive from them. Humans can both cause and address problems through their complex interactions with ecosystems. Yet, public awareness of invasive species and their impact is highly uneven, and public support for management and control of invasive species can be variable. Public perceptions often differ markedly from the perspectives of concerned scientists, and perceptions and support for management are influenced by a wide range of social and ecological values. In this chapter, we present a broad survey of social science research across a diversity of ecosystems and stakeholders in order to provide a foundation for understanding the social and cultural dimensions of invasive species and plan more effective management approaches. This chapter also addresses tribal perspectives on invasive species, including traditional ecological knowledge, unique cultural dimensions for tribes, and issues critical to engaging tribes as partners and leaders in invasive species management. Recognizing that natural resource managers often seek to change people’s perceptions and behaviors, we present and discuss some promising approaches that are being used to engage human communities in ways that empower and enlist stakeholders as partners in management.
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Rodríguez-Robayo, Karla Juliana, Maria Perevochtchikova, Veronique Sophie Ávila-Foucat, and Gabriela De la Mora-De la Mora. "Influence of the Rural/Urban Context in the Implementation of Forest Conservation Programs in Mexico: Two Case Studies from Oaxaca and Mexico City." In Social-ecological Systems of Latin America: Complexities and Challenges, 305–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28452-7_17.

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Shirima, Kelvine C., and Claude G. Mung'ong'o. "Agroecosystems' resilience and social-ecological vulnerability index to climate change in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 34–43. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0034.

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Abstract The concept of resilience has gained momentum during the current climate change era. Resilience is said to be the measure of the amount of change the system can undergo while still retaining the same controls on function and structure. Taking into account the effects of changing climate, the term resilience has been used to assess the vulnerability of social-ecological systems. Most agroecosystem studies have focused on dryland ecosystems and this prompted the need to shift concern on to mountainous ecosystems whose susceptibility to climate change is not adequately addressed. This chapter assesses the resilience of maize-coffee-banana agroecosystems on the southern slope of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Also, it assesses agronomic practices and the social-economic status of farmers and computes a social-ecological vulnerability index for the ecosystem. The study depicts variation of agronomic practices with altitude due to microclimatic differences, terrain and soil characteristics that determine the type of crops and their farming system which have both positive and negative implications. Climatic shocks (e.g. drought frequency, floods and below average rains) were found to have an impact on agricultural yield. Social-economic indicators (e.g. the number of household dependants, social safety nets, off-farm contribution, possession of land title, usage of wood for cooking energy and access to extension services) have also shown a significant influence on household vulnerability to changing climate which may later affect the agroecosystem productivity as these parameters are associated with the natural environment. Indicators chosen for the vulnerability index depict slight variations of vulnerability altitude wise, except for the mid-lower zone which appears to be more vulnerable.
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Bauer, Georg F., and Gregor J. Jenny. "Applying Salutogenesis in Organisations." In The Handbook of Salutogenesis, 283–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79515-3_28.

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AbstractOrganisations influence the health of society through three major paths: the health of their employees through working conditions, the health of their customers through the quality of their products or services and the population’s health at large through their socio-ecological impact. This chapter focuses on the first path of organisations’ impact on employee health through working conditions. It complements the chapter on salutogenic work by expanding the level of analysis to organisational characteristics. The chapter aims to be particularly applicable to for-profit organisations, in which it is exceptionally challenging to introduce a health agenda.
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Sauls, Laura Aileen, Fernando Galeana, and Steven Lawry. "Indigenous and Customary Land Tenure Security: History, Trends, and Challenges in the Latin American Context." In Land Tenure Security and Sustainable Development, 57–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81881-4_4.

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AbstractThis chapter explores Indigenous and customary tenure regimes, considering the differing historical trends in the statutory recognition of customary tenure arrangements. Indigenous and customary land tenure regimes are dynamic, responding to changes in local-to-global socio-ecological conditions and political and market influences, as well as context-specific and based on historic socio-environmental relations. Despite trends toward legal recognition, a disconnect remains between titling or recognition and the security of these regimes. After defining Indigenous and customary land tenure regimes, we discuss their evolution from colonial encounters through the post-colonial era, on to trends in customary tenure recognition today. Finally, drawing primarily on evidence from Latin America, we explore how tenure insecurity of Indigenous and customary lands remains a significant challenge to realizing sustainable development across diverse landscapes.
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Kelly, Ashley Scott, and Xiaoxuan Lu. "Northern Scientific Knowledge and Indigenous Knowledge." In Critical Landscape Planning during the Belt and Road Initiative, 193–249. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4067-4_8.

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AbstractThis chapter features three planning proposals focused on the ideological friction between Northern scientific knowledge and indigenous knowledge. Northern scientific knowledge has enabled and legitimized various territorialization projects since the establishment of the Lao PDR. Over the past decade, the application of such knowledge has diversified and expanded along with Laos’s increasing integration into the socio-economic geography of the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic Corridor. Unlike World Bank-funded green-neoliberal development that dominated Laos in the 1990s and 2000s, some China-funded projects are furthering the green neoliberal valuation of ecosystems in monetary terms and these ecosystems’ conservation by means of market dynamics. These ecosystem territories inevitably overlap with the country’s indigenous territories and their natural resource-dependent communities. The three planning proposals featured in this chapter foreground Laos’s remarkable human diversity and local communities’ valuable traditional ecological knowledge and practices. These planning proposals are situated in a diverse range of socio-ecological contexts, namely Nam Ha National Protected Area, a protected forest in Luang Prabang, and agricultural land within the capital Vientiane. Collectively, these proposals focus on agrarian populations influenced by old or new forms of land enclosure, investigating possible scenarios that may lead to more equal power relationships between the scientific and indigenous knowledge regimes.
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Wahl, Leonie Sophie, Wei-Hsin Hsiang, and Georg Hauer. "The Intention to Adopt Battery Electric Vehicles in Germany: Driven by Consumer Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions and Ecological Norm Orientation." In Innovations for Metropolitan Areas, 79–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60806-7_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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Nefedev, S. "SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIVE EFFECTS." In Man and Nature: Priorities of Modern Research in the Area of Interaction of Nature and Society. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2585.s-n_history_2021_44/51-62.

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The article, from the standpoint of the «memetic» and «network» paradigms, examines the factors, mechanisms and socio-ecological consequences of information and communication influences. The phenomenon and mechanisms of information infection, the role of meme-viral influences in the processes of socio-cultural evolution are analyzed. The prospects for the development of effective research and socio-performative methods and technologies based on the joint use of the principle of viral information and communication influences and the «network» approach are studied. The ways of determining the intensity of «information infection» of the social space and the degree of «cognitive damage» of the population are discussed. It is shown that important socio-ecological problems of an information civilization are: the problem of uncontrollable side effects of information and communication influences and a tendency to the loss of human-centeredness (dehumanization) of network forms of social organization and control over them by a person.
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Wang, Qin, Zimin Wang, and Dongli Lu. "Research on the Influences of Credit Constraints & Occupational Heterogeneity on Women’s Participation in Continuing Education." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-18.2018.152.

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Peng, Gao. "The Causes, Manifestations, Negative Influences of the Moral Nihilism in Current China and Solutions to It." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-18.2018.226.

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Bartkova, Lyudmila, Mykola Dyvak, Yuriy Pigovsky, and Frederick Satkowiak. "Investigation and Simulation Social and Ecological Factors Influence on the Social-Ecological Damage." In 2005 IEEE Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs.2005.283034.

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An, Guoping. "The Influence of Romanticism on Eugene O�Neill�s Ecological Awareness." In 2nd International Conference on Applied Social Science Research (ICASSR 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassr-14.2014.7.

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Hoffenson, Steven, and Rikard Söderberg. "Comparing Standards and Policies for Sustainability in Tolerance Optimization." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12104.

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Design for sustainability often considers three potentially competing objectives in economic, ecological, and social sustainability. In general, business success hinges on economic sustainability, while ecological and social concerns are treated as secondary objectives for marketing or political purposes. Previous research has shown that there is a tradeoff among these sustainability objectives regarding design decisions that include tolerances and material choices, and different market- or policy-driven incentives may result in different optimal design decisions. This study presents and demonstrates an approach for evaluating legislative opportunities that may internalize ecological and social objectives into the economic objectives of product-developing firms, using the case study of an automotive body panel. Modeling and simulation tools from Computer Aided Tolerancing (CAT), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and design optimization are combined using a novel framework to show how sustainability-driven government policies such as taxation may influence design decisions and sustainability outcomes.
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Gutiérrez Cedillo, Jesús Gastón, and Miguel Ángel Balderas Plata. "Socio-cultural and environmental benefits from familiar orchards, in semirural localities at central highlands of Mexico." In Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8134.

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The aim of the study was to analyze the sociocultural and environmental perception of agro ecosystems with familiar orchard (AEFO) owners, in semirural localities at ecological transition zone of the State of Mexico. Methodology includes four steps: Geographic characterization of localities and AEFO; 2) Analysis of social benefits that orchards provide; and 3) Analysis of the influence that AEFO has over familiar life quality. The investigation was realized at twelve localities in three municipalities of the State of Mexico, mean bye structured and semi structured interviews, accomplished with on field direct observation Familiar orchards provide to families multiple social, environmental, ecologic, economic and cultural benefits; they contribute to have medicinal, condiments, ornamental, even ceremonial plants; for familiar consumption, sales or exchanges. These spaces are also managed for small scale domestic animals nourishment, to obtain fuel material, raw material for construction and fences for protection. Therefore, familiar orchards are considered important agro ecosystems at semirural localities, that function mean bye complex relations between all their components. The sociocultural and environmental benefits provided by these multifunctional productive agro systems, may become an important strategy of social cohesion and alimentary security for rural families, and at same time, one way to preserve the regional natural resources.
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Szewczenko, Anna. "Small utopias. Influence of social factors on spatial development of ecological settlement structures." In The 2nd International Multidisciplinary Congress Phi 2016 – Utopia(S) – Worlds and Frontiers of the Imaginary. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315265322-27.

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Prasolov, A. A., N. A. Orlova, and I. F. Volfson. "ASSESSMENT AND CALCULATION METHODOLOGY OF GEOECOLOGICAL (LITHOEDAPHOLOGICAL) RISK OF LANDSLIDES DURING THE INFLUENCE TO FERTILE LAYERS OF SOIL." In Всероссийская научная конференция, посвященная памяти доктора технических наук, профессора Александра Дмитриевича Потапова. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет" (НИУ МГСУ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/978-5-7264-2875-8.2021.116-122.

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The paper presents the main characteristics of assessment and calculation of the risk caused by hazardous geological and engineering-geological processes on the example of landslides. The main aspects of assessing geological risk are shown – physical, economic, social and ecological. The main features of ecological risk are indicated, the most common methods for determination it are identified.When considering the impact of landslide processes on fertile soil layers, two main drawbacks were found - underestimation of the depth of the landslides’ impact on the soil cover and the absence of pronounced differences between risk assessments for living communities (soil ecosystems) within the framework of geoecological risk (in this case, lithoedaphological risk) and risk for abiotic components (soil cover) within the environmental risk (in this case, lithopedological risk). Various methods are presented and aspects taken into account for the assessment of geoecological risk, medical and social problems, potentially caused by landslide processes, are noted.
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Kovaleva, Elena G. "Bag of bags." In The libraries and ecological education: Theory and practice. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-227-2-2020-139-142.

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The experience of K. Paustovsky Library within the ecological education system is discussed. The goal of these activities is to educate ecological culture and responsibility of the population. In particular, the Library draws attention to the plastic-bag problem. The influence of advocacy advertisement on social behavior is examined, the examples are provided, e.g. swap and recycling art projects which enable to use unused staff and books giving them the second chance.
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Reports on the topic "Social ecological influences"

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SUN, JUNJIANG, GUOPING QIAN, Shuqi Yue, and Anna szumilewicz. Factors influencing physical activity in pregnant women from the perspective of a socio-ecological model: A systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0073.

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Review question / Objective: The main aim of this review is to analyse the impact factors of material physical activity in an ecological model and to analyse differences in influencing factors between pregnant women's PA and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) , provide a reference for the research, intervention, and policy designation of maternal physical activity. Rationale: In combination with McLeroy et al. (1988)behavior is viewed as being determined by the following: (1) Personal level: the internal factors of the individual characteristics,(sociodemographic and biological, behavior, psychological ); (2) interpersonal level: interpersonal processes and primary groups-formal and informal social network and social support systems,(eg: family、public, etc.); (3)organization level: social institutions with organizational characteristics, such as health services, gyms and may also include influences from health care providers and Physical activity consultant, etc.; (4) community level: relationships among organizations, institutions, and informal networks within defined boundaries,(eg: appropriate facilities、living environment, etc.); and finally (5) public policy level: local, state, and national laws and policies.
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McKay, Tasseli, Megan Comfort, Justin Landwehr, Erin Kennedy, and Oliver Williams. Partner Violence After Reentry from Prison: Putting the Problem in Context. RTI Press, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.pb.0022.2004.

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Advocates have long raised concerns about the potential for partner violence after a spouse’s or partner’s return from prison, but few programs or policies exist to prevent it. In an era in which experiences of incarceration and reentry—and by extension, experiences of a partner’s or coparent’s incarceration and reentry—are commonplace in low-income urban communities, the safety of families reuniting after a prison stay merits serious attention. The current study examines qualitative data from 167 reentering men and their partners to identify contextual influences on post-prison partner violence. Insights from the data offer a valuable starting point for future research and for considering how prevention could effectively target economic, physical, social, and cognitive conditions at multiple social-ecological levels.
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Hrytsenko, Olena. Sociocultural and informational and communication transformations of a new type of society (problems of preserving national identity and national media space). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11406.

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The problems of the correlation of cosmopolitan and national identities are too complex to be unambiguous assessment, let alone alternative values (related to the ecological paradigm and the spiritual traditions of other cultures). However, it is obvious that without preserving the national identity, the integrity and independence of the national state becomes problematic. On the other hand, without taking into account the consequences of information wars and aggressive cosmopolitan tendencies of global media culture, there is a threat of losing the national information space and displacing it to the periphery of socio-political and economic life in Ukraine and in the modern world. In the process of working on research issues, the author of the article came out on the principles of objectivity, systematic and determinism, which in combination of their observance made it possible to determine the influence of the post-industrial information society on the formation of a new type of mass consciousness. As a result of the influence of globalization processes, there was a filling of the domestic information space with a supernational mass culture of entertainment, which in most cases leads to the spread of a primitive world outlook based on the ideology of consumption society, without leaving places to preserve sociocultural traditions and national identity. Therefore, given the problems of preserving national identity, it is necessary should be mentioned the information security of the state, which occupies one of the most important places, among various aspects of information security, since the unresolved problem of protection of the national information space significantly complicates the processes of formation of national identity.
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Aalto, Juha, and Ari Venäläinen, eds. Climate change and forest management affect forest fire risk in Fennoscandia. Finnish Meteorological Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361355.

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Forest and wildland fires are a natural part of ecosystems worldwide, but large fires in particular can cause societal, economic and ecological disruption. Fires are an important source of greenhouse gases and black carbon that can further amplify and accelerate climate change. In recent years, large forest fires in Sweden demonstrate that the issue should also be considered in other parts of Fennoscandia. This final report of the project “Forest fires in Fennoscandia under changing climate and forest cover (IBA ForestFires)” funded by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, synthesises current knowledge of the occurrence, monitoring, modelling and suppression of forest fires in Fennoscandia. The report also focuses on elaborating the role of forest fires as a source of black carbon (BC) emissions over the Arctic and discussing the importance of international collaboration in tackling forest fires. The report explains the factors regulating fire ignition, spread and intensity in Fennoscandian conditions. It highlights that the climate in Fennoscandia is characterised by large inter-annual variability, which is reflected in forest fire risk. Here, the majority of forest fires are caused by human activities such as careless handling of fire and ignitions related to forest harvesting. In addition to weather and climate, fuel characteristics in forests influence fire ignition, intensity and spread. In the report, long-term fire statistics are presented for Finland, Sweden and the Republic of Karelia. The statistics indicate that the amount of annually burnt forest has decreased in Fennoscandia. However, with the exception of recent large fires in Sweden, during the past 25 years the annually burnt area and number of fires have been fairly stable, which is mainly due to effective fire mitigation. Land surface models were used to investigate how climate change and forest management can influence forest fires in the future. The simulations were conducted using different regional climate models and greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Simulations, extending to 2100, indicate that forest fire risk is likely to increase over the coming decades. The report also highlights that globally, forest fires are a significant source of BC in the Arctic, having adverse health effects and further amplifying climate warming. However, simulations made using an atmospheric dispersion model indicate that the impact of forest fires in Fennoscandia on the environment and air quality is relatively minor and highly seasonal. Efficient forest fire mitigation requires the development of forest fire detection tools including satellites and drones, high spatial resolution modelling of fire risk and fire spreading that account for detailed terrain and weather information. Moreover, increasing the general preparedness and operational efficiency of firefighting is highly important. Forest fires are a large challenge requiring multidisciplinary research and close cooperation between the various administrative operators, e.g. rescue services, weather services, forest organisations and forest owners is required at both the national and international level.
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