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Journal articles on the topic 'Social impact of disasters'
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1
Jo, Yeong Seok, and Jae Eun Lee. "Impact of the Core System on Local Community Disaster Resilience." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 18, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.11.61.
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When modern societies face disasters, the goal of restoring to a pre-disaster state is minimal and disaster management is essential. However, a society that has faced and overcome disasters is a more developed society that prepares for new disasters and dreams of a safer and more sustainable social capacity. Disaster resilience, which is social resilience against new, inexperienced, and unpredictable complex and diverse disasters, lies in the organic connection of human, institutional, material, and social capital in the local community and in the disaster management system. The need for research on the core system, which is a key inspection system leading in a desirable direction, is becoming more important. Exploring how the values, institutions, leadership, followership, and capacity of the core system affect the strengthening of community disaster resilience is ultimately a disaster that focuses community capacity on disaster management, resulting in recovery, adaptation, and development. It will be a major way to evaluate the management system and judge its usefulness.
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Ji, Mengmeng, Ruopeng An, Yingjie Qiu, and Chenghua Guan. "The Impact of Natural Disasters on Dietary Intake." American Journal of Health Behavior 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.44.1.4.
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Objectives: In this study, we explored the potential impact of disasters on individuals' fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: Individual-level data (N = 351,229) from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2011 survey were merged with county-level disaster declaration data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) based on disaster duration, interview month and residential county. Multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models were conducted to examine the impact of different types of disasters on self-reported daily fruit, 100% pure fruit juice, beans, green vegetables, orange vegetables, other vegetables and overall vegetables consumption frequencies, adjusting for individual covariates. Results: No associations between disasters and daily fruit and overall vegetable consumption frequency were identified at either national or state levels. Only floods were consistently associated with reduced consumption of orange vegetables. Conclusions: This study did not identify an association between natural disasters and daily overall fruit/vegetable consumption frequency at national or state levels, whereas disasters were found to alter the consumption of certain vegetable subgroup (orange vegetables) slightly. Longitudinal studies with validated and detailed measures on diet and disaster are warranted to advance research in this field.
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Li, Yao, Haoyang Li, and Jianqing Ruan. "Do Long-Term Natural Disasters Influence Social Trust? Empirical Evidence from China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 7280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147280.
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The natural environment is one of the most critical factors that profoundly influences human races. Natural disasters may have enormous effects on individual psychological characteristics. Using China’s long-term historical natural disaster dataset from 1470 to 2000 and data from a household survey in 2012, we explore whether long-term natural disasters affect social trust. We find that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between long-term natural disaster frequency and social trust. We further examine the impact of long-term natural disaster frequency on social trust in specific groups of people. Social trust in neighbors and doctors is stronger where long-term natural disasters are more frequent. Our results are robust after we considering the geographical difference. The effect of long-term natural disasters remains positively significant after we divide the samples based on geographical location. Interestingly, the impact of long-term flood frequency is only significant in the South and the impact of long-term drought frequency is only significant in the North.
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Zhang, W. "(P1-86) Socioeconomic Impact of Natural Disasters in China." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s126—s127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004183.
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IntroductionChina is one of the countries most affected by disasters caused by natural hazards. Disasters comprise an important restricting factor for economic and social development.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed based on the epidemiological data of disasters caused by natural hazards in recent two decades.ResultsThe deadliest disaster that was reviewed was the Sichuan, Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008 with a death toll of 88,928. Floods were the the primary natural hazard resulting in disaster in China. The economic loss caused by natural disasters was huge, the Sichuan earthquake alone resulted in an economic loss of 845.1 billion Chinese Yuan. However, psychosocial factors did not receive attention by Chinese Government and academics.ConclusionsThe characteristics and impact of disasters should be analyzed to scientifically provide useful information for natural disaster mitigation in China.
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Yu, Qian, Yanyan Wang, and Na Li. "Extreme Flood Disasters: Comprehensive Impact and Assessment." Water 14, no. 8 (April 9, 2022): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081211.
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Evaluating extreme flood disasters is a prerequisite for decision making in flood management. Existing extreme flood disaster assessments fail to either consider or evaluate comprehensive impacts from social, economic, and environmental aspects. This study first analyzes the causes of extreme flood disasters and subsequently the potential flood consequences in depth. On the basis of this comprehensive analysis, an extreme flood disaster indicator system is developed by taking into account social, economic, and environmental consequences. To assess the comprehensive impacts, we propose a refined social and economic impact evaluation method and a semi-quantitative environmental impact evaluation method, which are applied to Jingjiang Flood Diversion District (JFDD) located in the Yangtze River Basin, and analyze two extreme flood scenarios. The results show that almost all of the JFDD area is flooded with inundation areas of 901.36 km2 and 879.49 km2, respectively. The corresponding affected populations are 0.51 million and 0.5 million. The direct economic losses are 18.83 billion and 14.33 billion, respectively. Moreover, 5 potential pollutant sources and 11 protected areas are inundated under two scenarios. Extreme floods have relatively serious impacts on local ecology and the environment. The proposed methodology can provide effective support for decision makers.
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Aznar-Crespo, Pablo, Antonio Aledo, Joaquín Melgarejo-Moreno, and Arturo Vallejos-Romero. "Adapting Social Impact Assessment to Flood Risk Management." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063410.
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In the context of climate change, a significant increase in the flood risk is expected, which may lead to an intensification of the social impacts of disasters. Social impacts significantly affect the recovery processes of individuals, social groups, and institutions in the medium and long term. Hence, the management of such impacts throughout the disaster life cycle is essential. International institutions and frameworks for disaster risk reduction have claimed the need to generate tools for the systematic assessment and management of social impacts of floods. Recently, an innovative line of research has emerged aimed at adapting social impact assessment (SIA), usually directed at the evaluation of planned interventions (programs, plans and projects), to the field of environmental disasters. In order to contribute to academic efforts in this emerging field, this paper puts forward, through a systematic literature review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, an SIA methodological proposal for the identification, assessment and systematic management of the social impacts of flood events. This methodological proposal covers the three phases of the disaster cycle: (1) pre-event (preparedness), allowing the anticipation of potential impacts and supporting the proposal of preventive measures; (2) event (response), facilitating a strategic mobilization of resources and technical support towards previously identified critical disaster areas; and (3) post-event (recovery), evaluating the evolutionary dynamics of impacts, proposing measures to avoid their socio-territorial embedding and accelerating recovery processes. This tool is designed for strategic use by policy makers and managers responsible for flood risk management and regional development.
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Yorose, W. A., E. Y. Tenkorang, and S. Mariwah. "DISASTER CONSTRUCT AS A NEXUS BETWEEN SOCIAL AND NATURAL PHENOMENA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE." UDS International Journal of Development 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 414–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47740/498.udsijd6i.
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There is increasing awareness in disaster research about the diverse ways in which disasters affect humanity. The impact of disaster stretches from individuals and households to nation-states. Most disaster discourses focus on the impact, mitigation, management, preparedness and response, but neglecting the issues surrounding the social and natural causes of disaster and their interrelationship. Using content analysis from previous studies, we review some of the discussions on disaster construction as a social or natural phenomenon. The review showed that issues about disaster construction largely centre on natural, social or human and technological factors. It is concluded that the issues triggering the construction of disasters are central to disaster preparedness and mitigation, as they lay the platform upon which decisions are made regarding which policy to put in place to prevent, mitigate or prepare for disasters. Keywords: Disaster, Literature Review, Management, Natural Phenomenon, Social Phenomenon, Mitigation
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Anderson, William A. "Bringing Children into Focus on the Social Science Disaster Research Agenda." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 23, no. 3 (November 2005): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072700502300308.
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Significant progress has been made in the social science disaster research field since its inception several decades ago. Despite the advances in knowledge, important areas of research have been seriously understudied, including the impact of hazards and disasters on children and youths. In this paper, it is argued that such knowledge is needed to deepen our understanding of the impacts of disasters on society and to provide a firmer basis for disaster management policy and practice. It is suggested that children should be brought into clearer focus in the disaster research field through studies, particularly those of a comparative nature, that consider (1) children's vulnerability and the outcomes they experience because of their youth, (2) actions taken by the adult society to reduce the vulnerability of children, and (3) actions children and youths undertake for themselves and others to reduce disaster impacts.
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Nia, S. P. S., U. Kulatunga, C. Udeaja, and S. Valadi. "IMPLEMENTING GIS TO IMPROVE HOSPITAL EFFICIENCY IN NATURAL DISASTERS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-369-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Over the past decades, the number of natural disasters has been growing around the world. In addition to damaging communities and infrastructures, unexpected disasters also affect service providers such as hospitals and health centers. Markedly, hospital safety from disasters is a challenge in all countries. With disaster damage to health systems resulting in human tragedy, huge economic losses, devastating blows to developmental goals, and shaken social confidence. Ensuring that hospitals and health facilities are safe and secure from disasters depend on implementing an appropriate method to mitigate adverse impacts on hospitals during incidents. Thus, disaster management becomes even more significant, as the health sector has been particularly vulnerable to damages.<br> So, it is crucial to develop appropriate mitigation and adoption method for healthcare facilities, to withstand the natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. A comprehensive disaster plan is required to ensure a prompt disaster response and coordinated management of a multi causality incident. The aim of this research is to systemically and critically review the importance of hospitals in disaster events and this research attempts to reach a basic understanding to mitigate the risk of disasters in hospitals and improve the continuity of health services during or after disaster events. For this study, secondary information was retrieved from the literature review and document review on sudden-onset natural disasters in different parts of the world was collected. This study found some challenges and deliverables for disaster managers that could mitigate the risk of a natural disaster’s impact on a hospital. Accordingly, this research will evaluate the importance of disaster management for hospitals and the challenges that need to be considered during the disaster response.</p>
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Ahuja, Stuti, Melvina Michael, Malvika Selvan, and Vaishnavi Mantri. "Natural disaster detection in social media and satellite imagery." ITM Web of Conferences 44 (2022): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224403010.
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Natural disasters caused by natural processes may lead to significant losses in terms of property and human lives. The timely collection of information about the damage caused by natural disasters is very important and can help reduce losses and speed recovery. Social media has become an important source of information for communication and dissemination of information in emergencies. Under such circumstances, inferring disaster events through the information available in social media will be very useful Satellite data has also been widely used to analyze the impact of natural disasters on the surface of the earth. In this paper, a detailed analysis of how social media and satellite imagery can be used to detect natural disasters is discussed.
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Safitri, Baiq Vira, Shinta Desiyana Fajarica, Yulanda Trisula, Novita Maulida, and Gemuh Surya Wahyudi. "Komunikasi Kebencanaan: Suatu Strategi Dalam Membangun Masyarakat Sadar Bencana Pada BPBD Kota Mataram." JURNAL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN HUMANIORA 6, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jseh.v6i2.91.
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A disaster is an event that threatens and disrupts people's lives and livelihoods which are caused, both by natural and / or non-natural factors as well as human factors, resulting in human casualties, environmental damage, property loss and psychological impacts. According to Law Number 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management, disasters are classified into three parts; natural disasters, non-natural disasters and social disasters. The impact of disasters, especially natural disasters, varies from the moment of occurrence to post-disaster. Referring to the series of earthquake events in Lombok on 29 July 2018 (M6.4), 5 August 2018 (M7.0) and 19 August 2018 (M6.9), until 1 September 2018 has claimed 564 victims and suffered losses with the total rough count reached IDR 12.15 trillion. The impact of the earthquake is a lesson for the government and related agencies, in this case the Mataram City BPBD to better prepare disaster management strategies in a mature and planned manner. This study aims to determine the disaster communication strategy of the Mataram City BPBD in building a disaster-aware Mataram community using qualitative methods. The results of the research also show, among others: (1) Determination of communicators / community leaders as a credible source; (2) Selection of messages that are easy to understand; (3) Selection of disaster reporting media; (4) Mapping communication barriers in building disaster-aware communities
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Laugé, Ana, Josune Hernantes, and Jose Mari Sarriegi. "Analysis of disasters impacts and the relevant role of critical infrastructures for crisis management improvement." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 6, no. 4 (November 9, 2015): 424–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2014-0047.
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Purpose – Disasters are complex phenomena, by diverse nature and whose management is complicated. An efficient analysis of potential impacts that may result as consequence of a disaster has to be conducted to improve the preparation and response in face of future events. Design/methodology/approach – A review of impact evaluation methodologies and real disasters’ impacts has been performed to develop an impact indicators’ framework. Then, a questionnaire has been administered to critical infrastructure (CI) operators to identify CI dependencies and their consequences. Findings – A proper impact analysis improves learning about the consequences of a disaster and the way those impacts should be managed. Moreover, current impact evaluation methodologies do not make special focus on CIs even if their proper functioning is essential for society’s welfare. Crisis managers such as civil protection, emergency services and local authorities among others need to be aware of the importance of critical infrastructure s when managing a disaster. Also crisis managers and managers of CIs need to know how dependencies make impacts spread from one CI to others or to different sectors. Social implications – Through an efficient management, the development of preventive measures and response programs can help to mitigate impacts’ harshness for CIs and for the whole society and may even prevent future disasters. However, if crisis managers and managers of CIs are unaware of disasters consequences, their management will result inefficient. Originality/value – A holistic and dynamic analysis of disaster impacts has been performed. The integration of impact indicators together with their behaviour over time analysis will help improving future crises management.
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Longmuir, Caley, and Vincent I. O. Agyapong. "Social and Mental Health Impact of Nuclear Disaster in Survivors: A Narrative Review." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11080113.
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This narrative review synthesizes the literature on the psychological consequences of the Three Mile Island nuclear accident of 1979, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster of 1986, and the Fukushima nuclear disaster of 2011. A search was conducted on OVID for studies in English from 1966 to 2020. Fifty-nine studies were included. Living through a nuclear disaster is associated with higher levels of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Decontamination workers, those living in closest proximity to the reactor, and evacuees experience higher rates of mental health problems after a nuclear disaster. Those with greater psychological resilience and social supports experience lower rates of psychological distress. Individual-level interventions, such as mindfulness training, behavioral activation, and cognitive reappraisal training, have shown modest benefits on improving psychological wellbeing. At the population level, many of the measures in place aimed at reducing exposure to radiation actually increase individuals’ anxiety. Technology-based supports have been studied in other types of natural disasters and it may be beneficial to look at mobile-based interventions for future nuclear disasters.
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Nur, Amran, and Veronica Margareth Dampung. "Penanggulangan Kesehatan Dalam Kondisi Pasca Bencana Dusun Ujung Indah, Desa Cilellang, Kecamatan Mallusettasi, Kabupaten Barru." INDRA: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/indra.v1i1.1.
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Abstract: Indonesia has been declared as one of the most disaster-prone countries according to the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. Indonesia ranks 6th among countries prone to disasters. Indonesia is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and others as well as non-natural disasters such as floods, infectious diseases, forest fires, and others, as well as social disasters in the form of social conflicts in various regions. One of the concepts of disaster management is disaster risk management, At this stage, efforts should be made if a catastrophic event occurs, damage and losses with a large enough scale of impact can be avoided and minimized by mitigating education to the community. Because the location of this village is on the seashore and has a watershed that could threaten the safety of the population, therefore a health prevention socialization will be carried out if at any time an unwanted natural disaster occurs. Keywords: natural disasters, Barru Districts, disaster risk, countermeasures.
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Peregrine, Peter N. "Social Resilience to Climate-Related Disasters in Ancient Societies: A Test of Two Hypotheses." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0052.1.
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Abstract Current literature on disaster response argues that societies providing greater local participation in decision-making and that have more community coordination and governance organizations are more resilient to climate-related disasters. In contrast, recent research in psychology has argued that societies with tighter social norms and greater enforcement of those norms are more resilient. This paper tests whether one or both of these seemingly competing perspectives can be empirically supported through an examination of the diachronic impact of climate-related disasters on ancient societies. A cross-cultural research design and a sample of 33 archaeologically known societies bracketing 22 catastrophic climate-related disasters are used to test two hypotheses about resilience to climate-related disasters. The paper finds that societies allowing greater political participation appear to provide greater resilience to catastrophic climate-related disasters, generally supporting the predominant perspective in contemporary disaster response.
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Lee, Jee Young, and Shannon Van Zandt. "Housing Tenure and Social Vulnerability to Disasters: A Review of the Evidence." Journal of Planning Literature 34, no. 2 (November 14, 2018): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885412218812080.
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As a group, renters experience a broader range of housing problems than do owners, and disasters worsen these problems. Yet to date, housing tenure has been relatively understudied compared to other vulnerability characteristics. This review addresses the differences in housing needs faced by renters and owners during and after a disaster. It examines variation between renters and owners, recent studies of a disaster’s impacts on each group by disaster phase, and disaster-related housing policies and programs. This research explores significant questions related to the housing needs of renters in times of disaster, yielding important insights for policy makers and local planners.
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Durant, Thomas J. "The Utility of Vulnerability and Social Capital Theories in Studying the Impact of Hurricane Katrina on the Elderly." Journal of Family Issues 32, no. 10 (July 13, 2011): 1285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x11412491.
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The definition of a disaster is followed by an explanation of vulnerability and social capital theories. The importance of using a sound theoretical framework and the utility and efficacy of vulnerability and social capital theories in studying the impact of natural disasters on the elderly population are emphasized and discussed. The conclusion is that an integrated vulnerability and social capital framework has much merit and potential in studying the impact of natural disasters on the elderly and other populations.
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Neal, David M. "Social Time and Disaster." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 31, no. 2 (August 2013): 247–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701303100207.
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Time permeates the disaster process. Yet, few scholars have integrated various notions of time in their disaster studies. In this paper, I introduce the ideas of event time, clock and calendar time, social time, and rhythm of life within the context of the pre-impact, impact, and post-impact phases. Simply, day-to-day life in industrialized society is based upon a series of schedules, calendars and routines on a daily, weekly, and yearly basis. Events that we call disasters and catastrophes upset our normal rhythm of life, creating degrees of social disruption from the individual up through the community units of analysis. Social units in impacted areas move from clock and calendar time (doing what is scheduled) to event time (doing what is needed now) when disaster strikes. The process of recovery is reflected in attempts to reestablish these same (or similar) clock and calendar time patterns as before the disaster.
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Crompton, David. "Responding to Disasters: More Than Economic and Infrastructure Interventions." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19001535.
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Introduction:Natural disasters confront individuals, communities, and governments with the challenge of rebuilding and addressing psychosocial sequelae. With the increasing number of natural disasters, it is pertinent to evaluate the efficacy of interventions and strategies to address the mental health needs of individuals and the community.Aim:The presentation will highlight the effectiveness of interventions post-disaster, and continued adverse outcomes five years post-event.Methods:An evaluation of literature related to the psychosocial impact of natural disasters, treatment efficacy, and government strategies to confront the social and psychological impact of natural disasters for the period 1983 – 2016 was undertaken.Results:Epidemiological studies following natural disasters, despite the use of differing psychological measures, demonstrate significant psychological morbidity – anxiety (7-42%), complicated grief (28-41%), depression (6.5-38%), post-traumatic stress disorder (11-89%), and substance misuse (1.3-24%). Intervention studies post-disaster demonstrate efficacy capability.Discussion:The increase in the number and impact of meteorological and hydrological events since the 1980s and the psychological, social, and economic consequences of these events have resulted in the development and implementation of government policies to confirm the immediate and long-term adverse outcomes. The focus is typically on resources and infrastructure redevelopment with less focus on social and mental health interventions, with long-term evaluation of interventions uncommon. The consequence of natural disasters emphasizes the importance of developing strategies to ensure effectively evaluated psychosocial interventions are available across at-risk communities.
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Burger, Oz, Kennedy, and Crooks. "Computational Social Science of Disasters: Opportunities and Challenges." Future Internet 11, no. 5 (April 26, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11050103.
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Disaster events and their economic impacts are trending, and climate projection studies suggest that the risks of disaster will continue to increase in the near future. Despite the broad and increasing social effects of these events, the empirical basis of disaster research is often weak, partially due to the natural paucity of observed data. At the same time, some of the early research regarding social responses to disasters have become outdated as social, cultural, and political norms have changed. The digital revolution, the open data trend, and the advancements in data science provide new opportunities for social science disaster research. We introduce the term computational social science of disasters (CSSD), which can be formally defined as the systematic study of the social behavioral dynamics of disasters utilizing computational methods. In this paper, we discuss and showcase the opportunities and the challenges in this new approach to disaster research. Following a brief review of the fields that relate to CSSD, namely traditional social sciences of disasters, computational social science, and crisis informatics, we examine how advances in Internet technologies offer a new lens through which to study disasters. By identifying gaps in the literature, we show how this new field could address ways to advance our understanding of the social and behavioral aspects of disasters in a digitally connected world. In doing so, our goal is to bridge the gap between data science and the social sciences of disasters in rapidly changing environments.
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Anshori, Muhammad Syukron, Husnul Hatima, and Ajeng Lestari. "Communication strategy of The Regional Agency for Disaster Management of Sumbawa Regency in disaster mitigation." Jurnal Manajemen Komunikasi 7, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmk.v7i1.37721.
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Disaster management is needed to minimize the impact of disasters. It aims to prepare and educate people living in disaster-prone areas to be better prepared to respond to the impact of disasters. Sumbawa Regency is an area prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, fires, landslides, and others. The Regional Agency for Disaster Management (BPBD) of Sumbawa Regency is to implement a program called "Desa Tangguh Bencana" to improve disaster mitigation management in Sumbawa. This study aims to determine the communication strategy of disaster mitigation planning by BPBD of Sumbawa Regency, early 2020–2021. This study uses descriptive methods and data collection techniques by observation and in-depth interviews with the initiators of the program and their effectiveness in tackling the impact of disasters. The study results showed that communication strategy is the main point of successful program implementation by selecting communicators with scientific credibility, expertise, professionals related to disasters, and good public speaking skills. The targets are the village government and, of course, the people who directly feel the impact of the disaster. A communication platform is used to introduce the program to the community using face-to-face meetings such as outreach and campaigns through social media, using a website network to reach the general public to get information regarding the program's presence. The content of the information submitted in this program is information related to disaster mitigation, stages, and implementation carried out by BPBD in dealing with disasters for people whose living areas are often affected by natural disasters.
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Kuntjorowati, E., I. Hermawati, Ikawati, C. Rusmiyati, S. A. T. Cahyono, and A. Purnama. "Analysis of the benefits of social assistance policy for victims of natural disasters." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012032.
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Abstract Indonesia, which consists of a group of islands, has a very high potential for natural disasters and has an impact on victims, even causing fatalities. The social assistance program is aimed at victims of natural disasters at the stage of prevention and control as well as post-disaster recovery. This study aims to (1) examine the effectiveness of social assistance for victims of natural disasters in terms of timeliness, targets, and handling, and (2) examine factors that support and hinder social assistance for victims of natural disasters. This research used mixed methods and was conducted in 10 disaster-prone locations, namely in Karo, Pidie Jaya, Karang Asem, North Lombok, Kapuas, Pacitan, Pandeglang, Palu, Garut, and Banjarnegara districts. Each location involved 60 respondents who were determined by cluster random sampling technique. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, interviews, FGDs, and documentation studies. Quantitatively the data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Sign Ranks and qualitatively using SWOT. The results showed that social assistance for disaster victims was on time, on target, and appropriate in handling and use. Recommendations for the elderly and people with disabilities to pay more attention, especially at the stage of disaster evacuation.
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Genç, Ruhet. "Catastrophe of Environment: The Impact of Natural Disasters on Tourism Industry." Journal of Tourism & Adventure 1, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jota.v1i1.22753.
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Natural disasters have a catastrophic impact on the lives of humans, interrupting their social and economic activities to a great extent. Communities that are located in high-risk regions encounter greater challenges in developing a resilient and sustainable tourism economy (Tsai et. al., 2016). The past examples of tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions all over the world have shown that there are two sides of the issue in terms of tourism sector. First, the devastating effects of the natural disaster slow down the tourism sector like all other activities in a particular destination. On the other hand, the natural disasters are capable of fostering the strong feelings of solidarity (Goodwin, 2005), luring the global interest to the region for further economic opportunities, including tourism. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the influence of drawbacks and possible positive impacts of natural disasters on tourism activities and to model them in a proper manner. The paper will start with a body of literature on the impact of natural disasters on the tourism industry based on the previous studies. The study will be dealing with the question how natural disasters have an impact on tourism through economic aspects, destination image and the degree of community activity. The methodology will be literature review and critical evaluation of the findings. Finally, a model will be suggested in order to provide a quantitative analysis for the natural disasters, including the possible related economic and social variables.
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Soto, Nelson Raúl Morales. "Latin American Experience and Responses in Disasters: Person-centered Perspectives." International Journal of Person Centered Medicine 7, no. 1 (July 13, 2017): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ijpcm.v7i1.623.
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Background: Disasters affect people intensely, with people always at the center as victims or as protagonists of the event. The poorest groups suffer the greatest damages, and if the disasters recur, such groups may get trapped into persistent poverty.Objectives: This work sought to elucidate patterns of Latin American experiences on disasters and responses to them focusing on human elements along the lines of person centered medicine and health (PCM). An effort was made to explore the effects and long-term impact of disasters on health, economy and social life.Method: The relevant literature was reviewed, especially data from the Pan American Health Organization, the Regional Centre for Emergency and Disaster Documentation, the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. Reciprocal relationships between disasters and urban and social vulnerability were examined.Results: It was noted that people have been always surrounded by natural and man-made threats and that emergencies involving massive destruction have affected populations in relation to multiple causes and sometimes leading to grave social deterioration and precariousness. Indicators of person centered medicine appeared to be present in much of the reviewed Latin American disasters literature. Discussion: Disasters have social and cultural backgrounds and contexts and represent high economic and social burdens for low-resource countries. Disasters and their impact tend to correlate with social disorganization and deficient status of prevailing health policies. Feelings of helplessness undermine political confidence and threaten governance and development. The Latin American region is beginning to express high interest on PCM and on its implementation, in relation to renewed concern for ethics and human values. The promising value of person-centered educational exercises to enhance disaster preparedness was illustrated.
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Tierney, Kathleen, and Anthony Oliver-Smith. "Social Dimensions of Disaster Recovery." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 30, no. 2 (August 2012): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701203000210.
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Research on disaster recovery has moved beyond earlier uni-dimensional, stage-oriented, and linear conceptualizations and toward approaches that recognize variability, social inequality and diversity, and disparities in recovery processes and outcomes. Theory development has been hampered by the lack of a systematic comparative focus and a failure to contextualize recovery within broader global and societal conditions and trends. Recovery theories should take into account a range of factors that include (1) pre-disaster factors that shape vulnerabilities and exposures at multiple scales, such as indicators of social and economic well-being and governmental capacity; (2) disaster impacts and their implications for recovery; (3) immediate post-impact responses; and (4) post-disaster variables such as the quality of governance systems; institutional capacity; civil society-state relationships; systems of social provision; the appropriateness, coverage, and equity of recovery aid; and post-disaster conditions, trends and events that occur independently of disasters but that also shape recovery processes and outcomes.
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Hussain, Sajjad, Saira Miraj, and Rani Saddique. "Social Work and Community Based Disaster Risk Management in Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (September 8, 2019): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjass.v10i1.105.
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Pakistan is exposed to various natural calamities due to its geophysical condition and climatic changes. In addition, man-made disasters also pose a threat to human lives and properties which includes industrial and transport disasters including oil spills, civil unrest, wars and conflicts. Although it is not possible to stop or prevent natural disasters, but the negative impacts of natural disasters can be minimized through human efforts. The government of Pakistan has adopted participatory approach as part of its policy for disaster management. This research paper is based on the analysis of secondary data for reviewing the existing policies with emphasis on disaster risk reduction in pre and post disaster period. The paper concludes that participation of target community is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis. The article suggests that community should be meaningfully involved in disaster risk reduction efforts at the local level. In this connection the role of social workers is indispensable for disaster risk reduction on sustainable basis.
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XIN, Yuan, Hairu JIANG, Feng KONG, Lili LV, and Yinghui PENG. "Progress, Problems, and Improving Methods of Non-Engineering Countermeasures Against Urban Meteorological Disasters in China." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 05, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s234574811750004x.
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During China’s rapid urbanization, cities are threatened by ever more severe meteorological disasters. Urban meteorological disasters are characterized by massive destruction, high diffusion, and extensive social impact, which further complicate prevention and control. Therefore, non-engineering countermeasures are given a more prominent role in the process. China has primarily established a system of non-engineering countermeasures against urban meteorological disasters. However, this system does have its problems and flaws. The authors propose that disaster prevention should be technology-based and carried out in a scientific manner. A well-rounded disaster prevention institution should be established, and social participation must be raised. Urban meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and early warning abilities should be enhanced, prevention and control plans improved, relative legislation and administration completed, and social participation promoted so as to strengthen China’s non-engineering response to meteorological disasters.
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Nirupama, N., T. Popper, and A. Quirke. "Role of social resilience in mitigating disasters." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2015): 363–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-09-2013-0039.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze a few recent earthquakes, gain insights into the role of social resilience in the severity of disaster impact and offer plausible approaches to mitigate future disaster impact. Managing and alleviating social and psychological harm among people, in the face of recurring disasters in the world, is very important. Design/methodology/approach – An approach of event comparison has been adopted in this paper. Three recent earthquake events, the 2012 event in Haida Gwaii, Canada, the 2010 event in Christchurch, New Zealand, and the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami have been examined through the lens of social resilience of affected population. Findings – Japanese people illustrated patience, tolerance and consideration for other impacted people, proving that it is an effective and efficient approach to dealing with a disaster. New Zealand’s resilience can be attributed to having a governance that is well aware of the hazards in the country. In Canada, however, as of 2001, there are barely any government-funded programs geared toward seismic risks research. Although economically, politically and technologically similar countries can easily learn from this review on resilience, it is important to recognize that there are limitations. Originality/value – The research provides a unique point of view into three different cases of earthquake occurred recently in developed economies. The analysis presented in the paper focuses on social resilience, governance and people’s reaction to the disaster which is vital for disaster risk reduction strategies and programs development as well as implementation.
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Bakema, Melanie, Constanza Parra, and Philip McCann. "Analyzing the Social Lead-Up to a Human-Induced Disaster: The Gas Extraction-Earthquake Nexus in Groningen, The Netherlands." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 3621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103621.
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The overwhelming impact that disasters have on societies is fed by socio-economic vulnerabilities and political-institutional factors. Disasters are, therefore, increasingly regarded as partially created by humans instead of as purely natural events. Although the “social creation” of disasters is assumed to occur “above the ground” and triggered by extreme natural events, this article explores several dimensions to the social creation of disasters, including technological and institutional dimensions from both “above” and “below the ground”. It furthers the understanding of disaster governance by investigating processes that generate the social lead-up to a human-induced disaster, and that are installed to deal with its consequences. Focusing on the case of Groningen, the Netherlands, where gas extraction leads to earthquakes, the article looks in particular at the interrelationships between different state and non-state actors in the governance dynamics that structure the processes to deal with the earthquake issues. Based on in-depth interviews with a variety of stakeholders, we found that public-private institutional structures, the nature of the disaster and societal (dis)trust are entangled and influence disaster governance processes mediating resilience and sustainability. The article concludes by arguing that both the causes of (human-induced) disasters and the approaches to disaster mitigation lie in these political-institutional and governance fundaments.
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Wahyuni, Hermin Indah, Andi Awaluddin Fitrah, Fitri Handayani, and David Robie. "Ecological communication in Asia-Pacific: A comparative analysis of social adaptation to maritime disaster in Indonesia and Fiji." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 24, no. 1 (July 17, 2018): 12–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v24i1.390.
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This article is of a comparative study of social adaptation in the Cyclone Winston disaster case in Fiji and rob flooding in Semarang, Indonesia. In February 2016, the largest tropical storm in the Southern Hemisphere, Cyclone Winston, struck Fiji and caused severe damage and loss of life. Meanwhile, in the last two decades flooding has become an increasingly acute disaster situation in Semarang and the northern coastal region of Java, Indonesia. Communities in the path of both these disasters are the ones who suffer most. Social adaptation is important to consider in these two cases to encourage improved future mitigation and adaptation efforts. Data was collected from interviews and documents in the form of news media articles and previous research reports relevant to tropical disasters and the impact of climate change. The results show that social adaptation to both types of disasters is not identical due to the characteristics of the two different disasters and the different social, economic, political and cultural contexts in Fiji and Indonesia.
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Liu, Tiezhong, Huyuan Zhang, and Hubo Zhang. "The Impact of Social Media on Risk Communication of Disasters—A Comparative Study Based on Sina Weibo Blogs Related to Tianjin Explosion and Typhoon Pigeon." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030883.
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Social media has brought opportunities and challenges to risk communication of disasters by undermining the monopoly of traditional news media. This paper took blogs about Tianjin Explosion and Typhoon Pigeon posted through Sina Weibo as empirical objects. Moreover, the paper used the analytical method of social network to conduct a comparative study on the network structures of information disseminated among different types of disasters, with the goal of uncovering the impact of social media on different types of risk communication of disasters. The result shows a different impact of the risk communication on the two types of disasters. While the role of social media for the risk communication of natural disasters is mainly to influence information dissemination, the roles of social media for the risk communication of man-made disasters are to transmit information as well as to communicate emotions. The differences seen within the structure of social media networks are causes differences in functions. Specifically, the structure for the social media communication network on man-made disasters takes on a “core - periphery structure” which is endowed with both information communication and emotional communication functions. Also, the role of the opinion leaders for the subnet is found to be significant while the communication within small groups is kept pretty active; additionally, the slow speed of information transmission of the network could result in easily distorted information. On top of that, the network is characterized with intense vulnerability to the attacks on core nodes. In contrast, the social media network for natural disaster risk communication is not seen with an obvious “peripheral-core” structure which is a relatively pure information transmission network with relatively equal principal status. In other words, the entire network is found with stronger connectivity and relatively faster information transmission speed. Furthermore, the nodes inside the network are found to have weaker control over information transmission. In sum, the research results are helpful in improving the risk communication theory based on social relations, optimizing the communication structure of disaster information so as to change the effect of risk communication.
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Cheng, Changxiu, Ting Zhang, Kai Su, Peichao Gao, and Shi Shen. "Assessing the Intensity of the Population Affected by a Complex Natural Disaster Using Social Media Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 8 (August 13, 2019): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8080358.
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Complex natural disasters often cause people to suffer hardships, and they can cause a large number of casualties. A population that has been affected by a natural disaster is at high risk and desperately in need of help. Even with the timely assessment and knowledge of the degree that natural disasters affect populations, challenges arise during emergency response in the aftermath of a natural disaster. This paper proposes an approach to assessing the near-real-time intensity of the affected population using social media data. Because of its fatal impact on the Philippines, Typhoon Haiyan was selected as a case study. The results show that the normalized affected population index (NAPI) has a significant ability to indicate the affected population intensity. With the geographic information of disasters, more accurate and relevant disaster relief information can be extracted from social media data. The method proposed in this paper will benefit disaster relief operations and decision-making, which can be executed in a timely manner.
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Lin, K. H. E., Y. C. Chang, G. Y. Liu, C. H. Chan, T. H. Lin, and C. H. Yeh. "An interdisciplinary perspective on social and physical determinants of seismic risk." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 2173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2173-2015.
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Abstract. While disaster studies researchers usually view risk as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, few studies have systematically examined the relationships among the various physical and socioeconomic determinants underlying disasters, and fewer have done so through seismic risk analysis. In the context of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, this study constructs three statistical models to test different determinants that affect disaster fatality at the village level, including seismic hazard, exposure of population and fragile buildings, and demographic and socioeconomic vulnerability. The Poisson regression model is used to estimate the impact of these factors on fatalities. Research results indicate that although all of the determinants have an impact on seismic fatality, some indicators of vulnerability, such as gender ratio, percentages of young and aged population, income and its standard deviation, are the important determinants deteriorating seismic risk. These findings have strong social implications for policy interventions to mitigate such disasters.
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Lin, K. H., Y. C. Chang, G. Y. Liu, C. H. Chan, T. H. Lin, and C. H. Yeh. "An interdisciplinary perspective on social and physical determinants of seismic risk." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 1 (January 27, 2015): 761–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-761-2015.
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Abstract. While disaster studies researchers usually view risk as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, few studies have systematically examined the relationships among the various physical and socioeconomic determinants underlying disasters, and fewer have done so through seismic risk analysis. In the context of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, this study constructs five hypothetical models to test different determinants that affect disaster fatality at the village level, namely seismic hazard intensity, population, building fragility, demographics and socioeconomics. The Poisson Regression Model is used to estimate the impact of natural hazards and social factors on fatality. Results indicate that although all of the determinants have an impact on the specific dimension of seismic fatality, some indicators of social inequality, such as gender ratio, dependency ratio, income and its SD, are the driving determinants deteriorating vulnerability to seismic risk. These findings have strong social implications for policy interventions to mitigate such disasters. This study presents an interdisciplinary investigation into social and physical determinants in seismic risk.
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Jovel, J. Roberto. "Natural disasters and their economic and social impact." CEPAL Review 1989, no. 38 (October 3, 1989): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9458b380-en.
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Karanci, A. Nuray, Bahattin Aksit, and Gulay Dirik. "IMPACT OF A COMMUNITY DISASTER AWARENESS TRAINING PROGRAM IN TURKEY: DOES IT INFLUENCE HAZARD-RELATED COGNITIONS AND PREPAREDNESS BEHAVIORS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 33, no. 3 (January 1, 2005): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2005.33.3.243.
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A community disaster training program focusing on earthquakes, floods and landslides was implemented in Çankiri, Turkey, in 2002. It covered mitigation, preparedness and response aspects of natural disaster management. Four thousand community members participated in the training program delivered by 95 local trainers. This study evaluated the impact of participation in this program. One year later, 400 randomly selected participants in the training program and a comparable sample of 400 community members who did not participate in any disaster training program (nonparticipants) were surveyed. Disaster-related cognitions (i.e., disaster expectation, worry about future disasters, loss estimations if a disaster occurs, beliefs in the possibility of mitigation and preparedness) and reported preparedness behaviors were assessed. The relationship of sociodemographic, previous disaster experience, anxiety and locus of control variables with disaster-related cognitions and behaviors was examined. Results showed that participants in the training program had more disaster expectation, worry and loss estimation and more preparedness behaviors. Results of regression analyses, examining the relationship of the variables of the study with disaster cognitions, affect and actual preparedness behaviors showed that gender, education, being a participant in the training program, anxiety and locus of control are important variables related to different kinds of disaster-related cognitions. However, reported preparedness behaviors were quite low and this result needs to be viewed with caution. These results have important implications for the modification of programs for targeting sustainable behavioral change, which is likely to reduce the impact of future disasters.
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Llorente-Marrón, Mar, Montserrat Díaz-Fernández, Paz Méndez-Rodríguez, and Rosario González Arias. "Social Vulnerability, Gender and Disasters. The Case of Haiti in 2010." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 28, 2020): 3574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093574.
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The study of vulnerability constitutes a central axis in research work on sustainability. Social vulnerability (SV) analyzes differences in human capacity to prepare, respond and recover from the impact of a natural hazard. Although disasters threaten all the people who suffer from them, they do not affect all members of society in the same way. Social and economic inequalities make certain groups more vulnerable. Factors such as age, sex, social class and ethnic identity increase vulnerability to a natural disaster. Ten years after the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, this work deepens the relationship between natural disasters, SV and gender, exploring the unequal distribution of the SV in the face of a seismic risk. The source of statistical information has been obtained from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), developed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Multicriteria decision techniques (TOPSIS) and the differences in differences (DID) technique are used to analyze variations in gender inequality in SV as a result of the catastrophic event. The results obtained reinforce the idea of the negative impact of the disaster on the SV. Additionally, an intensification of the negative effects is observed when the household is headed by a woman, increasing the gap in SV between households headed by women and the rest of the households. The conclusions obtained show additional evidence of the negative effects caused by natural disasters on women, and important implications for disaster risk management are derived that should not be ignored.
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Yigitcanlar, Tan, Massimo Regona, Nayomi Kankanamge, Rashid Mehmood, Justin D’Costa, Samuel Lindsay, Scott Nelson, and Adiam Brhane. "Detecting Natural Hazard-Related Disaster Impacts with Social Media Analytics: The Case of Australian States and Territories." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 12, 2022): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14020810.
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Natural hazard-related disasters are disruptive events with significant impact on people, communities, buildings, infrastructure, animals, agriculture, and environmental assets. The exponentially increasing anthropogenic activities on the planet have aggregated the climate change and consequently increased the frequency and severity of these natural hazard-related disasters, and consequential damages in cities. The digital technological advancements, such as monitoring systems based on fusion of sensors and machine learning, in early detection, warning and disaster response systems are being implemented as part of the disaster management practice in many countries and presented useful results. Along with these promising technologies, crowdsourced social media disaster big data analytics has also started to be utilized. This study aims to form an understanding of how social media analytics can be utilized to assist government authorities in estimating the damages linked to natural hazard-related disaster impacts on urban centers in the age of climate change. To this end, this study analyzes crowdsourced disaster big data from Twitter users in the testbed case study of Australian states and territories. The methodological approach of this study employs the social media analytics method and conducts sentiment and content analyses of location-based Twitter messages (n = 131,673) from Australia. The study informs authorities on an innovative way to analyze the geographic distribution, occurrence frequency of various disasters and their damages based on the geo-tweets analysis.
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Ganapati, N. Emel. "Rising from the Rubble: Emergence of Place-Based Social Capital in Gölcük, Turkey*." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 27, no. 2 (August 2009): 127–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072700902700202.
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Although there is emerging literature on social capital and disasters, little is known about the impact of disasters on social capital formation. This paper aims to fill this gap in the literature through a case study of the city of Gölcük in the aftermath of the August 17, 1999 earthquake, which resulted in an official death toll of 17,480 in Turkey. The case study suggests that disasters can redefine disaster victims’ attachment to the place (i.e., their city, neighborhood) and to their fellow residents (i.e., solidarity with other earthquake victims). Local leaders can play an important role in transforming these cognitive elements into structural components of social capital in the form of place-based networks during the disaster recovery process. In Gölcük, local leaders built on their pre-disaster civic and political experience to help disaster victims mobilize toward collective action after the earthquake. They also helped disaster victims find international and domestic donors to support the activities of their networks. Local leaders’ efforts to form the networks came forth despite the lack of enabling state institutions and policies, especially at the central government level. The paper concludes with lessons for policy makers on how they could contribute to place-based social capital formation in disaster stricken communities.
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Kulstad-González, Tess. "Transborder Disasters and Vulnerability: The Case of the 2010 Earthquake in Haiti." Human Organization 78, no. 4 (December 2019): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/0018-7259.78.4.278.
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This paper examines how disasters unfold in transborder contexts. Using ethnographic research collected in the Haitian-Dominican border town of Comendador, Elías Piña after the 2010 earthquake, this paper reveals how transborder social relations distribute disaster damage beyond the bounded and static frameworks that characterized post-disaster discourse. It also exposes the limitations of utilizing geopolitical boundaries to frame hazards and disasters. The concept of disaster fields is proposed as an alternative configuration that considers interconnections between direct impact areas and distant locations.
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Widyastuti, Dhyah Ayu Retno. "Using New Media and Social Media in Disaster Communication." Komunikator 13, no. 2 (November 13, 2021): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jkm.12074.
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New media and social media have changed the frame of communication that appears quickly, is interactive, and has no geographical boundaries. The media plays an essential role in disseminating accurate and responsible information in a disaster situation. The strategy of using communication media will reduce the impacts arising from disasters in the mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery phases. Through a literature review, the author presents disaster communication, strategies, and using media in disasters. The research use case studies are the natural disaster of Mount Merapi and the Covid-19 pandemic to represent non-natural disasters. The results of the analysis show that sensitivity to the situation is an adequate response in a disaster. Furthermore, new media and social media tend to be sufficient as the primary source of information for the public, coordination, and fundraising. The effectiveness of media use in the Merapi disaster is the beginning of new media and social media in disaster communication in Indonesia. This media is also used in disaster management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of media in both case studies is considered adequate to reduce the negative impacts arising from the disaster. It is hoped this idea will contribute to disaster communication studies.
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Yoon, D. K., Jung Eun Kang, and Young Jun Kim. "Measuring Community Vulnerability to Natural Disasters in Korea Using the Entropy Method." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 35, no. 2 (August 2017): 8–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701703500202.
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Communities with a high degree of vulnerability to disasters often experience greater impact from disasters. Understanding and identifying the extent of community vulnerability to natural disasters, would provide emergency managers and decision-makers with strategic direction in their efforts to improve local communities’ capacity to natural disasters while reducing the degree of vulnerability and the negative impacts of disasters. This study aims to develop a methodology for constructing a set of indicators for deriving a community vulnerability index (CVI) in terms of social, physical, and natural environmental factors. The degree of community vulnerability to natural disasters is measured at 229 local municipalities in Korea. Shannon's entropy method is employed to assess the weight of each vulnerability factor in the local communities of Korea. In order to verify the measured CVI, this study also examines the relationship between the aggregated CVI using the entropy method and disaster losses.
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Baikhaki, Ahmad. "ANALYSIS OF AN ENVIRONTMENTALLY FRIENDLY LIFESTYLE AND DISASTER ONLINE MEDIA USAGE TOWARDS RESISTANCE FACING THE FLOOD DISASTERS ON DOMPET DHUAFA VOLUNTEER." Journal of Science Innovare 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jsi.v4i1.6116.
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This research aims to 1) Describe environtmentally friendly lifestyle towards resistance facing the disasters, 2) Describe social media usage towards resistance facing the disasters, and 3)Analysis environtmentally friendly lifestyle and social media usage towards resistance facing the disasters. This research use qualitative metode that intend to understand real overview between environtmentally friendly lifestyle and social media usage towards resistance facing the flood natural disaster that already applied by Dompet Dhuafa Volunteer Community. The data collected through closed questionnaire (40 respondents), 6 written interview with affected resident, and 7 respondent through direct interview and written, that consisct of Disaster Media Online Editor, Expert, Academic, and Government. The result of this research is found fact that an environtmentally friendly lifestyle is one of social intervention strategies aimed to reduce the risk of flood and support establishing the resistance to facing flood disaster. Beside it, online media also giving information access, socialitation, and education related to disaster with interesting contents like infographic, short movie, as well as the other content so that it has a direct impact on people’s understanding of what kind of mitigation measures should be taken to reduce the risk of flood disaster.
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Kang, Sung, and Mark Skidmore. "The Effects of Natural Disasters on Social Trust: Evidence from South Korea." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 2973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10092973.
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In this paper, we examine whether disasters affect social trust levels using South Korean panel data from 2014–2016. We also investigate whether the effects of disasters on social trust differ depending on the type of disaster. We consider four types of disasters: typhoons, heavy rain, heavy snow and strong winds and waves. Our findings show that although all of these disasters influence the level of generalized social trust, each type has separate impacts. In our findings, there is a statistically significant positive relationship between cumulative damage costs per capita and social trust levels for heavy rain, heavy snow and strong winds and waves but we find the opposite result for typhoons. In the disaster recovery process, it is possible for social trust to be strengthened and weakened at the same time. Social trust can develop when victims such as neighbors and firefighters interact with others. Conversely, when a local government responds slowly to a disaster, dissatisfaction and discontent toward it can increase and this could weaken social trust. Moreover, disaster-affected individuals may be more competitive over limited resources, resulting in conflicts among them. Thus, we argue that the net effects of disasters on social trust levels can differ based on the speed of government responses to disasters and on active support for the victims from people such as neighbors.
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Dyahati, Drucella Benala, Lailan Syaufina, and Arzyana Sunkar. "Disaster-Aware Tourist Development Strategy in Puncak Areas Bogor District West Java Province." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 639–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.10.4.639-649.
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Indonesia is a country located in a disaster-prone region. Disasters in Indonesia have caused adverse impacts on the Indonesian tourism industry. Disaster mitigation efforts are needed to reduce the impact of a disaster. This study aimed to analyze disaster-aware tourist development strategy in Puncak Areas Bogor District West Java Province. The result showed that disaster-aware tourists are tourists who have a good knowledge, attitudes and behavior about disasters. Results of analysis showed that disaster-aware tourists only 25% from total tourists visited Puncak Area. Disaster-aware tourists are tourists who consciously and responsible participate in an efforts of disaster mitigation in order to minimize or overcoming the impact of the disasters especially in tourism industry. Disaster-aware tourists development strategy is imparting disaster-aware tourists behavior on tourists, developing disaster-aware tourists through strengthening the social norm, socialize and promoting disaster-aware tourists concept until adopted into a trend that can support mitigation efforts and increase disaster preparedness, optimizing the role of disaster-aware tourists to encourage supporting infrastructure and mitigation efforts policies in the tourism areas and tourism industry, the government and tourism industry providing disaster-aware tourists supporting infrastructure, increase collaboration between the government, private sector and tourists in order to mend disaster mitigation efforts in the tourism areas and tourism activity, create and implement policies or special rules that regulate disaster mitigation efforts in tourism activity and industry with strength supervison, sanctions, and enforcement.
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Vasudevan, Jayan, and Sreejith Alathur. "Misinformation in Social Media During Disasters." International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.303596.
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The study was focused on the impact of social media and misinformation during the distress. The type of information shared in social network depends on the people behavior. During the distress the impulsive behavior will result in sharing of the misinformation unknowingly which will affect the people already in distress. The paper investigates the impact of social networks in the distressed areas due to natural calamity. The data was collected from the distressed area by offline mode and from other areas by online mode. The target informants were the affected people and the people involved in the relief and rescue operations. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to test whether the data fit for the hypothesized model. The study revealed that the social media played a crucial role in the relief and rescue operations and at the same time the misinformation has halted the operations in some places.
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Yanthy, Normalia Ode, Yannice Luma Marnala Sitorus, and Anggia Riani Nurmaningtyas. "The Resilience of the Indigenous People Towards Natural Disasters: Case of Central Mountains of Papua." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 24, no. 2 (December 9, 2022): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v24.n2.p177-186.2022.
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The resilience of the indigenous people of Papua towards natural disasters has been questioned because of the large number of casualties post disasters deaths which should have been handled differently considering their knowledge and closeness to nature; thus, it should be easy for them to adapt in times of natural changes. This study is aimed at investigating the resilience of the indigenous people of Papua in the central mountains of Papua towards disasters based on secondary data. Study results showed that the resilience of indigenous people of the central mountains of Papua towards disasters is more influenced by social factors than ecology since, generally, the ecological system in the disaster area in the central mountains of Papua has not experienced much change. The social factors are, among others, the impact of modern civilization, which has not been well adapted by the indigenous people, and the lack of skills of local stakeholders in disaster mitigation. Disaster mitigation should be in the form of improvement of the social condition of indigenous people of the central mountains area of Papua to perfect their civilization towards a more prosperous life
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Ikbal, Bilwalidayni, Cahyono Kaelan, and Armyn Nurdin. "The Impact Analysis of Fire Disaster at Tamangapa, Makassar." STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 848–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.353.
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This research is a type of qualitative research using a descriptive phenomenological approach. This research aims to determine the impact of the fire disaster of the Tamangapa garbage dumpsite, Makassar. The results of the analysis showed that the health impacts that people felt were coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness, headaches and sore eyes. The environmental impact felt by the community is the presence of smoke, smog and foul odors. The social impact felt by the community is reduced income and schools are closed. Fire disasters for landfills have resulted in environmental damage which also has an impact on health and social issues, especially for people who live ≤ 500 meters from the landfill, experiencing the heaviest impact
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McKnight, Brent, and Martina K. Linnenluecke. "Patterns of Firm Responses to Different Types of Natural Disasters." Business & Society 58, no. 4 (March 22, 2017): 813–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317698946.
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This article examines the relationships between disaster type and firms’ disaster responses. We draw on a unique dataset of 2,164 press releases related to the occurrence of 206 natural disasters (hurricanes, flooding, tornadoes, and wildfires) over a 10-year period (2005-2014) to analyze how firm responses are shaped by the type of disaster it faces. Firms play an increasingly important role in disaster response. We find that firms engage in more anticipatory responses when the type of disaster a firm faces exhibits even impact dispersion and high expected recurrence, and provides substantial warning. Our study draws a relationship between physical geography, disaster type, and more anticipatory firm responses which can improve how firms and communities respond to the risks posed by different types of natural disasters. The article concludes by outlining an agenda for future research on firm responses to natural disasters.
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Filipović, Mirko, and Sonja Žakula. "Social patterns of natural disasters: The case of hurricane Katrina." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 12, no. 1 (March 9, 2017): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/v12i1.9.
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Public perception and imagination tend to view natural disasters and catastrophes as phenomena that impact everyone equally. However, they do not occur in a historical, political, economic or social vacuum. Every phase and aspect of a disaster - its causes, vulnerability, preparedness, aftermath, response, reconstruction, the scope of the disaster and the price paid in the end are, to a lesser or greater extent, socially conditioned. Natural disasters actually replicate and amplify existing social inequalities and their effects. Such was also the case with hurricane Katrina. Black people, the poor, the elderly... remained in sunken New Orleans because their economic and social exclusion diminished their possibility to escape the disaster (the same way it diminished their opportunity to escape poverty). Had Katrina been a mere accident of geography and ecology, it would have been possible to peacefully await the resolution of its aftermath. However, because the inequalities which Katrina made apparent have deep socio-historical roots, it was illusory to expect that they would be repaired by the public policies on offer. Because of this, Katrina remains a powerful reminder to those advocating for a more just and democratic society.