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Journal articles on the topic 'Social individuals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Romanova, Julia, and Victoria Lisetska. "Individual Psychological Characteristics of Individuals Engaged in Social Entrepreneurship." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (12) (2020): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2020.2(12).15.

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The results of empirical research devoted to the study of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social entrepreneurship in Ukraine are considered in this article. Social entrepreneurship is a new area of practice that is developing rapidly but is still insufficiently studied in psychology. Foreign research projects compare social entrepreneurs’ personal traits with the ones of traditional entrepreneurs, members of the general public, employees in the same area of activity, volunteers, etc. There are such personal traits of social entrepreneurs that have a higher level of development (compared to others) as empathy, willingness to take risks and to cooperate and develop social networks, creativity, need for autonomy and independence, optimism, trust in others, belief in positive social changes, ability to cope with obstacles on their way to social mission implementation. Most researchers emphasize the developed sense of social responsibility, moral obligations towards others, self-sacrifice of social entrepreneurs. As a result of the empirical research of individual psychological characteristics of individuals engaged in social and traditional entrepreneurship in Ukraine psychological particularities within each group of entrepreneurs have been determined. A psychological portrait of social entrepreneur has been compiled based on the obtained empirical data: an active, focused on the external world, intent on reflection and introspection, receptive to obtain new knowledge, hardworking, creative, relatively emotionally stable, moderately conformable and ambitious individual, which is characterized by a high level of empathy and an internal locus of control, which can work successfully both as a team member and independently, which can adequately estimate their capabilities and make right decisions in situations of uncertainty and risk. The differences between groups of traditional and social entrepreneurs in such factors as «Openness» according to the Big 5 Personality Traits, «Сreative tendency», «Calculated risk-taking», «Internal locus of control» according to the General measure of Enterprising Tendency (GET) test, as well as according to the Balanced Emotional Empathy Test have been detected. Based on these findings one can conclude that a phenomenon of social entrepreneurship is a dynamic process that meets the urgent needs of society, corresponds to individual motives and is determined by the specifics of professional tasks we solve, and therefore by the type of business activity in general.

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Kavitha, G. "Social Networking Website Gathers Individuals for a Social cause - A Study on Facebook Events." Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism & Mass Communication 05, no. 04 (October 31, 2018): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2395.3810.201830.

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Robins, Garry, and Yoshi Kashima. "Social psychology and social networks: Individuals and social systems." Asian Journal Of Social Psychology 11, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2007.00240.x.

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Ramakrishnan, D. "Involving Individuals in Health and Fitness Practices through Social Media." Journal of Advanced Research in Journalism & Mass Communication 05, no. 04 (October 31, 2018): 164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2395.3810.201834.

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5

Sheinov, Victor P. "Social interactions of assertive individuals." Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry 9, no. 6 (December 19, 2018): 693–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jpcpy.2018.09.00617.

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Hunt, Edmund R., Brian Mi, Camila Fernandez, Brandyn M. Wong, Jonathan N. Pruitt, and Noa Pinter-Wollman. "Social interactions shape individual and collective personality in social spiders." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1886 (September 5, 2018): 20181366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1366.

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The behavioural composition of a group and the dynamics of social interactions can both influence how social animals work collectively. For example, individuals exhibiting certain behavioural tendencies may have a disproportionately large impact on the group, and so are referred to as keystone individuals, while interactions between individuals can facilitate information transmission about resources. Despite the potential impact of both behavioural composition and interactions on collective behaviour, the relationship between consistent behaviours (also known as personalities) and social interactions remains poorly understood. Here, we use stochastic actor-oriented models to uncover the interdependencies between boldness and social interactions in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola . We find that boldness has no effect on the likelihood of forming social interactions, but interactions do affect boldness, and lead to an increase in the boldness of the shyer individual. Furthermore, spiders tend to interact with the same individuals as their neighbours. In general, boldness decreases over time, but once an individual's boldness begins to increase, this increase accelerates, suggesting a positive feedback mechanism. These dynamics of interactions and boldness result in skewed boldness distributions of a few bold individuals and many shy individuals, as observed in nature. This group behavioural composition facilitates efficient collective behaviours, such as rapid collective prey attack. Thus, by examining the relationship between behaviour and interactions, we reveal the mechanisms that underlie the emergence of adaptive group composition and collective behaviour.

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Fershtman, Chaim, and Dotan Persitz. "Social Clubs and Social Networks." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 13, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 224–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20180143.

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We present a strategic network formation model based on membership in clubs. Individuals choose affiliations. The set of all memberships induces a weighted network where two individuals are directly connected if they share a club. Two individuals may also be indirectly connected using multiple memberships of third parties. Individuals gain from their position in the induced network and pay membership fees. We study the club congestion model where the weight of a link decreases with the size of the smallest shared club. A trade-off emerges between the size of clubs, the depreciation of indirect connections, and the membership fee. (JEL D71, D85, Z13)

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Loures, Liliany, and Cláudia Helena Cerqueira Mármora. "Suporte e participação social em indivíduos com hanseníase." O Mundo da Saúde 41, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.20174102244252.

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9

Weber, Lori. "Rugged individuals and social butterflies: the consequences of social and individual political participation for political tolerance." Social Science Journal 40, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-3319(03)00014-4.

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10

Myrick, Hugh, and Kathleen T. Brady. "Social Phobia in Cocaine-Dependent Individuals." American Journal on Addictions 6, no. 2 (January 1997): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10550499709137020.

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11

Kugler, Tamar, and Gary Bornstein. "Social dilemmas between individuals and groups." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 120, no. 2 (March 2013): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.07.007.

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Agogué, Marine, and Béatrice Parguel. "Nudging individuals’ creativity using social labeling." PLOS ONE 15, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): e0228961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228961.

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Winter, Steven L. "REIMAGINING DEMOCRATIC THEORY FOR SOCIAL INDIVIDUALS." Zygon® 46, no. 1 (February 22, 2011): 224–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2010.01167.x.

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Myrick, Hugh, and Kathleen T. Brady. "Social Phobia in Cocaine-Dependent Individuals." American Journal on Addictions 6, no. 2 (April 1997): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.1997.tb00558.x.

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15

McLoone, P., and A. Ellaway. "Postcodes don't indicate individuals' social class." BMJ 319, no. 7215 (October 9, 1999): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7215.1003.

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Hackimer, Laura, Cliff Y. ‐C Chen, and Jay Verkuilen. "Individual factors and cisgender college students' attitudes and behaviors toward transgender individuals." Journal of Community Psychology 49, no. 6 (March 5, 2021): 2023–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22546.

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Rajeswarao, D., A. Hari Priya, and P. V.S. Nikhileswar. "Social interaction assistant: social interactions for individuals with visual impairments." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.20 (April 18, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.20.11758.

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Effectively inside an intelligent setting is a fundamental need for proficient satisfaction and in addition individual achievement. People with visual weakness confront broad requesting circumstances in social dispatch, which if unmitigated social interaction is a critical factor of human delight in. The capacity to connect with others and talk, can likewise cause long lasting requirements for sizable social and money related help. Tragically, these days' media innovations to a great extent oblige the requirements of the "proficient" people, bringing about arrangements that for the most part meet the desires of that group. People with inabilities (which incorporates obvious disability) have in expansive part been missing inside the design procedure, and must adjust (consistently unsuccessfully) to accessible arrangements. On this paper, we advocate a social interchange partner for the individuals who are visually impaired or outwardly disabled, utilizing the viola jones confront recognition system fusing novel commitments additionally, individuals with visual weaknesses frequently have specific necessities that require a customized, versatile strategy to sight and sound registering. to manage this undertaking, our proposed arrangements region accentuation on understanding the man or lady shopper's needs, anticipations and adjustments toward outlining, developing and sending powerful interactive media arrangements. Our observational outcomes uncover the tremendous limit in the utilization of character focused on sight and sound responses to advance the lives of individuals with inabilities and in this paper we likewise specified the question recognition additionally where it is utilized for the outwardly debilitated for the route reason. The primary goal of this paper is to distinguish the face in the pictures and furthermore identify the articles utilizing the viola-jones calculation.

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Zhang, Yi-jing, Xin-lu Cai, Hui-xin Hu, Rui-ting Zhang, Yi Wang, Simon S. Y. Lui, Eric F. C. Cheung, and Raymond C. K. Chan. "Social brain network predicts real-world social network in individuals with social anhedonia." Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 317 (November 2021): 111390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111390.

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19

Keller, Joshua, Sze-Sze Wong, and Shyhnan Liou. "How social networks facilitate collective responses to organizational paradoxes." Human Relations 73, no. 3 (March 27, 2019): 401–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726719827846.

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When organizations face paradoxical tensions, such as when they must simultaneously meet scientific and commercial objectives, individuals within the organization also experience tensions. How individuals’ responses to these tensions inform the collective organizational response remains a theoretical and empirical challenge. We address this challenge by introducing a social network perspective. In a two-stage mixed-method study of a research institute in Taiwan, we examined how individuals’ social networks facilitated the organization’s response to a science-commerce paradox. Our results demonstrated that the level of heterogeneity in each individual’s social network influenced how each individual contributed to the organization’s collective response. Specifically, individuals with heterogeneous instrumental networks were more likely to contribute to the organization-wide consensus response, whereas individuals with homogeneous expressive networks were more likely to contribute to a polarized subgroup response. Our findings suggest that individuals’ roles in shaping a collective organizational response to paradoxes depends on who they seek advice from and who they befriend.

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20

Stinchcombe, Arthur L., and Louis Dumont. "Social Sources of the Value of Individuals." Contemporary Sociology 17, no. 4 (July 1988): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2072754.

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Rotenberg, Ken J., and Jocelyn Hamel. "Social Interaction and Depression in Elderly Individuals." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 27, no. 4 (December 1988): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/uy71-ku72-ytwb-j2lr.

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Forty-two elderly individuals received partial or complete testing on: (a) the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale; (b) frequency of social interaction (quantity of social interaction); and (c) round-robin reports of disclosures among peers, that yielded whether the persons had reciprocally intimate relationships (quality of social interaction). It was found that depression was: (a) negatively correlated with the measure of the quantity of social interaction entailing frequent conversations; and (b) contrary to expectation, positively correlated with having reciprocally intimate relationships. Also, the individuals' intimacy of disclosure to peers was not correlated with the intimacy of disclosure received from them; indicating a lack of reciprocity of self-disclosure. The findings were interpreted as showing that depression in elderly individuals is negatively related to having peers to “talk to” frequently, but positively related to having reciprocal exchanges of negative communications.

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22

Augustin, Tomke Jerena, and Markus Pudelko. "Multicultural and Multilingual Individuals Forming Social Capital." Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, no. 1 (August 2020): 12052. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.121.

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23

Sondak, Harris, and David A. Schroeder. "Social Dilemmas: Perspectives on Individuals and Groups." Administrative Science Quarterly 41, no. 2 (June 1996): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393724.

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Barry, Sandra S., and Jacinta M. Douglas. "The Social Integration of Individuals with Aphasia." Advances in Speech Language Pathology 2, no. 2 (January 2000): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14417040008996793.

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25

Çaglar, Mehmet, and Çigdem Dürüst. "Social and Personal Life of LGBTQ Individuals." Anthropologist 23, no. 1-2 (January 2016): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2016.11891938.

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26

Wang, Jiao, Jia Huang, Simon S. Y. Lui, Eric F. C. Cheung, Xiao-dong Yue, and Raymond C. K. Chan. "Motivation deficits in individuals with social anhedonia." Psychiatry Research 261 (March 2018): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.033.

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27

Pratto, Felicia, Atilla Çidam, Andrew L. Stewart, Fouad Bou Zeineddine, María Aranda, Antonio Aiello, Xenia Chryssochoou, et al. "Social Dominance in Context and in Individuals." Social Psychological and Personality Science 4, no. 5 (February 19, 2013): 587–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550612473663.

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28

Blalock, Susan J., Brenda McEvoy DeVellis, and Robert F. DeVellis. "Social Comparison Among Individuals With Rheumatoid Arthritis1." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 19, no. 8 (June 1989): 665–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1989.tb00346.x.

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29

Robert, L. "Social Structures and Aging Individuals: Continuing Challenges." Gerontology 55, no. 4 (2009): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000221302.

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30

Andel, Ross. "Social Structures and Aging Individuals: Continuing Challenges." JAMA 302, no. 8 (August 26, 2009): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1252.

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Newman, Mike. "Social Security Benefits of Individuals with Disabilities." BIOPHILIA 1, no. 2 (2002): 2_24_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.14813/ibra.1.2_24_2.

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32

Alshamaila, Yazn. "Predicting Individuals’ Usage Intention of Social Commerce." Modern Applied Science 12, no. 4 (March 30, 2018): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n4p204.

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Online interactions pave the way for new streams of collaborations and support among connected users of social networking sites, and this collaboration is leveraged for business purposes. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a growing body of research on social commerce by studying individuals’ behavior from the consumer perspective of information technology innovations. By adopting “social support” and the technology acceptance model as a theoretical base, this study used a web-based questionnaire survey to collect data from 325 users of SNSs in Jordan. The data were then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences regression. Jordan was selected because it is a country that has reported high SNS usage compared to other countries. The main factors that were identified as playing a significant role in individual adoption of social commerce were social commerce construct and perceived usefulness. This study did not find enough evidence that perceived ease of use and perceived information quality were a significant determinant of social commerce adoption. These findings have important implications and value for the academia, businesses managers, and social media specialists in terms of formulating better strategies for handling social commerce effects on businesses. For social media specialists, using the research model in this study can assist in increasing their understanding of why some individuals choose to adopt social commerce services. Additionally, business managers may need to improve their interaction with SNS users and develop a better understanding of how consumers use social commerce in the purchasing decision process. Based on our review of the existing scientific literature on social commerce, few empirical studies have been conducted to scientifically evaluate and explain the usage behavior of social commerce in Jordan. This paper contributes to the continuing research in social commerce adoption and diffusion in the individual context.

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Hansen, Thomas, Torbjørn Moum, and Adam Shapiro. "Relational and Individual Well-Being Among Cohabitors and Married Individuals in Midlife." Journal of Family Issues 28, no. 7 (July 2007): 910–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x07299610.

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Hobson, Elizabeth A., Darlene J. John, Tiffany L. Mcintosh, Michael L. Avery, and Timothy F. Wright. "The effect of social context and social scale on the perception of relationships in monk parakeets." Current Zoology 61, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/61.1.55.

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Abstract Social relationships formed within a network of interacting group members can have a profound impact on an individual’s behavior and fitness. However, we have little understanding of how individuals perceive their relationships and how this perception relates to our external measures of interactions. We investigated the perception of affiliative and agonistic relationships at both the dyadic and emergent social levels in two captive groups of monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus, n = 21 and 19) using social network analysis and playback experiments. At the dyadic social scale, individuals directed less aggression towards their strong affiliative partners and more aggression towards non-partner neighbors.At the emergent social scale, there was no association between relationships in different social contexts and an individual’s dominance rank did not correlate with its popularity rank. Playback response patterns were mainly driven by relationships in affiliative social contexts at the dyadic scale. In both groups, individual responses to playback experiments were significantly affected by strong affiliative relationships at the dyadic social scale, albeit in different directions in the two groups. Response patterns were also affected by affiliative relationships at the emergent social scale, but only in one of the two groups. Within affiliative relationships, those at the dyadic social scale were perceived by individuals in both groups, but those at the emergent social scale only affected responses in one group. These results provide preliminary evidence that relationships in affiliative social contexts may be perceived as more important than agonistic relationships in captive monk parakeet groups. Our approach could be used in a wide range of social species and comparative analyses could provide important insight into how individuals perceive relationships across social contexts and social scales.

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Shi, Ruili, Chunxiang Guo, and Xin Gu. "Power Indices in the Context of Social Learning Behaviour in Social Networks." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2019 (June 25, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4532042.

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This paper puts forward the concept of integrated power, synthetically measures the voters’ ability to influence the results of decision-making by influencing others through social learning, considering the interactions between decision-makers in social networks, and offers a method for measuring integrated power. Based on the theory and model of social learning, we analyze the influence of social learning on the voting process and power indices from the perspective of individuals’ professional level, position within the social network structure, relationship closeness, and learning efficiency. A measurement model of integrated power is constructed, and the variation in integrated power compared with that of the Banzhaf index is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that when the individual’s professional level is higher and closeness with neighboring decision-makers is greater, then the integrated power index is higher. An individual’s integrated power index may decrease when he/she changes from an isolated node to a nonisolated node, and then his/her integrated power will increase with the increases of neighbor nodes. Social learning efficiency can promote the integrated power of individuals with lower social impact and relationship closeness, but it is not beneficial for the core and influential members of the social network.

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Al-A‘ali, Ebtihaj. "Assumptions Concerning the Social Sciences." American Journal of Islam and Society 10, no. 4 (January 1, 1993): 485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i4.2473.

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This paper comprises three major sections. The first section discussesmodem social assumptions concerning the existence of human beings andtheir societies. It also explains the impact of these assumptions on organizationaltheory. The second section explores Islamic assumptions concerningthese same two elements and explains a major attribute of Islamicorganizations. The third section compares the above-mentioned assumptions of modem social science to those of Islam and illustrates thatknowledge-transfer creates its own organizational and social problems.Modern Social Science Assumptions: HumanExistence and SocietyIn reviewing the modem science of human existence and society,Burrell and Morgan (1979) state that the relevant assumptions in this areacan be viewed in the light of two strands of thought: nominalism andrealism. Nominalism indicates that no real world structure exists outsideof the individual’s concepts, ideas, and thoughts. This implies that realityis constructed by individuals and leads them to experience multiple realities(Lincoln and Guba 1985). Societies and external existants to individualsare merely names perceived individually (Taylor and Bodgon1979). Societies, therefore, consist of individuals who have real existenceand, without them, there would be no societies (Behechti and Bahonar1990). According to nominalism, knowledge about multiple realities isgathered from individuals themselves ...

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SOARES, JORGE. "SOCIAL SECURITY EVALUATION: A CRITIQUE." Macroeconomic Dynamics 9, no. 1 (February 2005): 57–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100505040125.

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I study the bias of actuarially fair measures commonly used to evaluate the impact of a social security system on the well-being of individuals. I investigate how the magnitude of this bias is affected by different features of a pay-as-you-go social security system. Social security affects an individual's welfare in ways other than through its direct effect on her lifetime income. It influences labor and savings decisions and hence factor prices, affecting labor income and the return to savings. Although social security can provide insurance against risk, it can also push borrowing-constrained individuals further away from their optimal consumption paths. I show that, by ignoring these features, actuarially fair measures can grossly misevaluate the impact of social security on the well-being of an individual.

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Papadopoulos, Konstantinos, Doxa Papakonstantinou, Athanasios Koutsoklenis, Eleni Koustriava, and Vasiliki Kouderi. "Social Support, Social Networks, and Happiness of Individuals With Visual Impairments." Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 58, no. 4 (June 2, 2014): 240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355214535471.

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Pena-López, Atilano, Paolo Rungo, and José Manuel Sánchez-Santos. "Inequality and individuals’ social networks: the other face of social capital." Cambridge Journal of Economics 45, no. 4 (June 29, 2021): 675–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cje/beab016.

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Abstract Social capital is a controversial concept, which is used in economics as a generic form of pro-sociality and a simple means to introduce the social context into mainstream approaches. However, the accepted view underestimates social conflict and does not properly characterise social capital as an asset. When considering these issues, a different face of social capital emerges, one that can be associated with closure and privilege maintenance. This paper studies how access to and the extraction of social network resources depend on the social structure. By analysing data from a survey that included a position and a resource generator, we find that for the case of Spanish society, people endowed with high levels of economic and human capital enjoy improved accessibility and networks with a high prevalence of instrumental relations. There is essential inequality in the endowment of social capital, which augments economic inequality. When inequality is socially embedded, traditional redistributive policies may have limited effectiveness.

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Bondarenko, O. Yu. "Influential individuals: Approach to modeling." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 28, 2018): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2018-9-114-131.

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his article explores theoretical and experimental approach to modeling social interactions. Communication and exchange of information with other people affect individual’s behavior in numerous areas. Generally, such influence is exerted by leaders, outstanding individuals who have a higher social status or expert knowledge. Social interactions are analyzed in the models of social learning, game theoretic models, conformity models, etc. However, there is a lack of formal models of asymmetric interactions. Such models could help elicit certain qualities characterizing higher social status and perception of status by other individuals, find the presence of leader influence and analyze its mechanism.

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LONG, Shuqin. "The Effects of Empathy, Social Structure and Social Environment on Individuals’ Moral Behavior Choices in China." Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala 71 (December 1, 2020): 420–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/rcis.71.25.

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Based on the data of the Survey of Residents’ Living and Psychological Conditions in Jiangsu Province, China in 2016, this article analyzed the influencing mechanism of individuals’ moral behavior choices when facing a conflict between righteousness and self-interest. The binary logistic regression models indicated that individuals’ choices of moral behaviors do not differ among various social classes. Empathy has a remarkable influence, but its impact mechanism is complex. The social environment has a significant effect, where malignant events have a stronger influence than others. Furthermore, social environment has more significant effect on individual moral behavior choices than empathy, so, creating a benevolent and harmonious social environment will allow the individual’s empathy to come into full play.

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Battesti, Marine, Cristian Pasquaretta, Celine Moreno, Serafino Teseo, Dominique Joly, Elizabeth Klensch, Odile Petit, Cedric Sueur, and Frederic Mery. "Ecology of information: social transmission dynamics within groups of non-social insects." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1801 (February 22, 2015): 20142480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2480.

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While many studies focus on how animals use public information, the dynamics of information spread and maintenance within groups, i.e. the ‘ecology of information’, have received little attention. Here we use fruitflies trained to lay eggs on specific substrates to implement information into groups containing both trained and untrained individuals. We quantify inter-individual interactions and then measure the spread of oviposition preference with behavioural tests. Untrained individuals increase their interactive approaches in the presence of trained individuals, and the oviposition preference transmission is directly proportional to how much trained and untrained individuals interact. Unexpectedly, the preference of trained individuals to their trained oviposition substrate decreases after interactions with untrained individuals, leading to an overall informational loss. This shows that social learning alone is not enough to support informational stability.

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Barron, Katelin, and Shih Yung Chou. "Spirituality and social responsibility performance." Journal of Global Responsibility 8, no. 1 (May 8, 2017): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-07-2016-0020.

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss how religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals may view the three core workplace spiritual values: transcendence, existence of a higher power and interconnectedness. Additionally, this paper studies how the contrasts between the views of religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals about the three core spiritual values affect their performance of social responsibility initiatives. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual analysis was used. Findings This paper suggests that religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals view the three core spiritual values differently. Drawing upon the three core spiritual values viewed by religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals, this paper proposes the following. First, religiously affiliated individuals will focus on implementing social responsibility initiatives for a longer time orientation compared to non-religiously affiliated individuals. Second, when engaging in social responsibility, religiously affiliated individuals will focus on implementing a smaller scope of social responsibility initiatives than non-religiously affiliated individuals. Finally, religiously affiliated individuals will focus on implementing a larger scale of social responsibility initiatives than non-religiously affiliated individuals. Originality/value This paper is one of the very first studies addressing how religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals view core values of spirituality. Additionally, this paper advances the literature by contrasting how religiously and non-religiously affiliated individuals engage in socially responsible initiatives in accordance with how they view spirituality.

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Earle, Leon, and Tony Earle. "Social Context Theory: A systems model of social change based on social needs and social issues." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (1999): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000572.

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AbstractThe theme of this edition is community development in the North Australian region. The articles included discuss ways of advancing positive community involvement, and report on a range of issues that impact on community development. Social Context theory is presented as a tool of analysis for examining social changes and associated needs among individuals in societies over time. The concept of community development has particular relevance to the fields of psychology, social psychology, and community services, because individuals look to the availability of community involvement options, and the potential they offer, for accessing social activities and social support networks. Social Context theory is therefore central to community development.

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Cote, J., and J. Clobert. "Social personalities influence natal dispersal in a lizard." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 274, no. 1608 (November 7, 2006): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3734.

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Animal personalities are common across taxa and have important evolutionary and ecological implications. Such consistent individual differences correlate with important life-history traits such as dispersal. Indeed, some environmental conditions are supposed to determine dispersers with a specific personality. For example, an increased density should promote the departure of individuals with less social tolerance. Therefore, we hypothesized that dispersers from high-density populations should primarily be asocial individuals, whereas dispersers from low-density populations should be social individuals. In the common lizard ( Lacerta vivipara ), we measured attraction towards the odour of conspecifics on juveniles at birth as a metric of social tolerance. We then released these juveniles into populations of different densities and measured dispersal and settlement behaviours with regard to social tolerance. One year later, we again measured the social tolerance of surviving individuals. The social tolerance is constant across time and strongly reflects the individual's dispersal and settlement patterns with respect to population density. These results strongly suggest that social personalities exist and influence dispersal decisions. Further studies will help to elucidate the proximate and ultimate determinants of social personalities.

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Pinkham, Amy E., Philip D. Harvey, and David L. Penn. "Paranoid individuals with schizophrenia show greater social cognitive bias and worse social functioning than non-paranoid individuals with schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Research: Cognition 3 (March 2016): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2015.11.002.

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Lockwood, Penelope, Sarah C. Shaughnessy, Jennifer L. Fortune, and Man-On Tong. "Social Comparisons in Novel Situations." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 38, no. 8 (July 23, 2012): 985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167212447234.

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The authors propose that individuals transitioning to a novel environment will prefer upward comparisons, particularly those made with individuals who have experienced a similar transition. Such comparisons help to reduce uncertainty and demonstrate that future success is possible. Study 1 found that individuals facing transitions to unfamiliar situations seek upward comparisons as a result of their uncertainty. Study 2 demonstrated that individuals who perceive themselves to be making a significant life transition are especially motivated by upward comparisons. Study 3 provided evidence that upward comparisons are especially inspiring to individuals making a transition to a novel cultural environment. Study 4 provided experimental evidence that individuals in a novel cultural environment are particularly inspired by upward comparisons with other newcomers. These studies suggest that upward comparisons with individuals who have experienced a similar transition enhance individuals’ sense of control over future outcomes and play a key role during adjustment to novel environments.

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Kawakami, Atsuko, Derek Lehman, and Kaitlynn Burress. "Social Networking Among Japanese Elders." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 5 (June 8, 2021): 667–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.85.10257.

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The purpose of this study is to identify some of the predictors of social network formation with a focus on everyday behaviors such as greeting neighbors, attitudes about elder care, civic involvement, and hobby or social group membership. Using data from the 2010 and 2012 waves of the Japanese General Social Survey, we found that factors in which individuals have more control over are associated with the formation of social networks whereas factors that individuals have little to no control over are less likely to affect network formation. Specifically, elderly individuals who greet their neighbors and those who view elder care as an individual’s or family’s responsibility are more likely to have larger social networks. Likewise, civic engagement and participation in neighborhood associations are also significantly associated with forming social networks. Surprisingly, our analysis revealed that participating in hobby groups, length of residency in a community, and other control variables such as gender, income, and education are not significantly associated with forming social networks. Our findings indicate that the key components to building strong social networks are found within mundane daily activities. We conclude with several suggestions for how the elderly and communities can build elders’ social networks and thereby improve well-being. The implications of this study include raising awareness among individuals to prepare for a better, well-connected life in old age as well as suggesting local government programs for elderly care to help build more effective programs. Counselors could use this information to encourage their elderly clients to build social networks by increasing daily social interactions with neighbors and obtaining the view of self-reliance on elder care responsibility. Future researchers should seek to integrate the elder’s medical information in analyses in order to consider a comprehensive plan for the elderly’s well-being.

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JAIME-CASTILLO, ANTONIO M., and ILDEFONSO MARQUÉS-PERALES. "Beliefs about Social Fluidity and Preferences for Social Policies." Journal of Social Policy 43, no. 3 (April 24, 2014): 615–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279414000221.

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AbstractSeveral studies have shown that attitudes toward social policy are influenced by expectations of social mobility at the individual level and perceptions of social fluidity at the aggregate level. If individuals think of inequalities as the result of inherited disadvantages, they will be more willing to distribute resources from the rich to the poor. However, one important question remains open: How do individuals perceive the distribution of opportunities in society? In this paper we argue that individuals believe a society to be fair if opportunities for reaching the top of the social ladder are equally distributed among the population. That is, the distribution of resources is fair to the extent that individual outcomes do not depend on social origins. To address this issue, we asked a representative sample of individuals in the Spanish region of Andalusia what they think the chances are for persons of different social origins to achieve a high social status. We have found that those who think the chances for reaching the top are unequally distributed are those who support greater government responsibility and oppose meritocracy and competition, as they believe the initial distribution of opportunities to be unfair.

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Vasina, Veronica V. "Social Adjustment of Individuals through Facilitation of Social Interaction in Inclusive Education." Ser Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology 6, no. 4 (2017): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2017-6-4-300-306.

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