Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social innovation dimensions'

Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Urban Studies and Planning Program. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Innovation is considered one of the key capabilities required for organizations to achieve success. Previous research has claimed that social capital influences innovation capabilities, yet not the extent of its dimensions (cognitive, relational and structural). This study addressed this research gap by a survey performed among ANPEI (Research and Development Nacional Association of Innovative Companies) members, specifically innovation managers from Brazilian and multinational companies from several sectors, operating in Brasil. 440 innovation managers from 220 companies during the period from December/2016 and January/2017 participated. An instrument with 24 items was designed to measure the independent and dependent variables. A web-based survey was created on QuestionPro Platform, to disseminate the survey through a link and collect data easily. The software SmartPLS 3 was used to treat the data as main analysis tool. It estimates PLS path models for the empirical validation of Theoretical model. The results showed that both cognitive, relational and structural dimensions of social capital affect positvelly the generation of innovation capability, but we found out that the structural social capital has a higher impact on the generation of innovation capability. We verified that R&D also affects positevly in the generation of Innovation Capability.
A inovação é um dos principais recursos para alcançar o sucesso nas organizações. Por meio de estudos anteriores, sabe-se que o capital social influencia as capacidades de inovação da firma, todavia ainda não foi medido o impacto de suas dimensões cognitiva, relacional e estrutural na capacidade de inovação da empresa. Este estudo aborda esta lacuna de pesquisa por uma pesquisa realizada com os membros da ANPEI (Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Empresas Inovadoras), especificamente os gerentes de inovação, de empresas Brasileiras e multinacionais de diversos. Participaram da pesquisa 440 gerentes de inovação de 220 empresas no período de dezembro 2016 e janeiro 2017. Um instrumento com 24 itens foi projetado para medir as variáveis independentes e dependentes. A pesquisa foi criada na plataforma QuestionPro. A pesquisa foi disseminada através de um link e coletar dados com facilidade. O software SmartPLS 3 foi usado para tratar os dados como principal ferramenta de análise. Ele calculou Path coefficients para a validação empírica do modelo teórico. Os resultados confirmam que tanto as dimensões cognitivas, relacionais e estruturais do capital social afetam positivamente a geração da capacidade de inovação, mas descobrimos que o capital social estrutural tem um maior impacto na geração de capacidade de inovação. Verificamos que a existência de R & D também afeta de forma positiva a geração de Capacidade de Inovação

Mesmo com os avanços tecnológicos e comerciais feitos pelos seres humanos ao longo do tempo, ainda persistem diversos desafios de ordem social e ambiental. O desenvolvimento de inovações sociais torna-se uma alternativa para suplantar parte destes desafios, visto que podem solucionar as necessidades de parte dos indivíduos de uma dada sociedade. O Centre de Recherche sur les Innovations Sociales (CRISES) é um dos centros que realiza pesquisas a respeito das inovações sociais, destacando suas diversas dimensões de análise. Um dos focos de pesquisa deste centro está na Economia Social da província de Quebec, no Canadá. No Brasil, a Economia Solidária vem crescendo significativamente, e o artesanato é um dos setores de destaque no número de empreendimentos coletivos ligados a esta Economia. No Rio Grande do Sul, os empreendimentos econômicos solidários de artesanato são organizados de diferentes formas, sendo alguns deles induzidos por organizações geridas com recursos públicos, enquanto que outros são constituídos pelos próprios artesãos. Por outro lado, o conceito de inovação social geralmente é abordado de maneira superficial na literatura das Ciências Sociais, e ainda existem, no Brasil, poucos estudos a respeito desta modalidade de inovação na área de Administração. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo é o de analisar como as dimensões de inovação social, do modelo idealizado pelo CRISES, se refletem nas diferentes formas de organização de empreendimentos econômicos solidários do setor de artesanato gaúcho. A revisão de literatura versou sobre inovações sociais e sobre organizações de Economia Solidária. Foram realizados seis estudos de caso em empreendimentos econômicos solidários do setor de artesanato gaúcho. Os dados primários foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estrututuradas e de anotações no diário de campo. Já os dados secundários foram provenientes de documentos, artigos e websites. A análise dos dados foi feita de acordo com a revisão de literatura do presente estudo. Os resultados evidenciaram grande parte dos elementos das dimensões de inovação social descritas no modelo desenvolvido por autores do CRISES. A análise destas dimensões, nos casos pesquisados, apresentou similaridades e diferenças tanto entre elas quanto quando comparadas às do modelo estabelecido pelo CRISES. De forma geral, os empreendimentos pesquisados foram desenvolvidos a partir de contextos problemáticos, passaram por fases de tentativa e de experimento, as quais foram institucionalizadas, e tais empreendimentos se tornaram modelos de desenvolvimento emergente. Estes empreendimentos também contemplaram a necessidade da coletividade e o bem comum. Diversos atores foram identificados na formação destes empreendimentos, sendo que todos contaram com atores titulares da ideia, financiadores, apoiadores e usuários. A mobilização e a participação dos atores também foram representativas, bem como a aprendizagem gerada pelo processo de desenvolvimento das inovações sociais pesquisadas. Este processo envolveu restrições que geraram incerteza e tensão nos artesãos. Ainda, o processo foi feito por meio da integração e da parceria entre os atores, e ocorreu a difusão das soluções desenvolvidas para outros contextos. Desta forma, o presente estudo contribui para a análise do conceito de inovação social em empreendimentos econômicos solidários do Brasil.
Even with the technological and commercial advances made by human kind over time, there still exist too many social and environmental challenges. The development of social innovations becomes a relevant alternative to overcome some of these challenges, as they can fulfill the needs of a number of the involved individuals. The Centre de Recherche sur les Innovations Sociales (CRISES) is one of the centers that carries out some researches on social innovations, highlighting their dimensions of analysis. One of the researching focus of this center is Social Economy in the Quebec province, in Canada. In Brazil, Solidarity Economy has grown significantly, and handicraft is one of the main sectors which involves collective enterprises linked to this kind of economy. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, handicraft solidarity enterprises are organized according to different patterns. Some of them were induced by organizations managed with public funds, while others are made up by artisans. On the other hand, the concept of social innovation is usually addressed just in a superficial manner in the social science literature. There are too few studies regarding this type of innovation in the Brazilian business academic area. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine how the dimensions of social innovation established at the framework developed by the CRISES centre are reflected in the different patterns of organization of solidarity enterprises in the handicraft sector of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The literature review was about social innovations and Solidarity Economy organizations. To achieve the proposed objective, were carried out case studies at six handicraft solidarity enterprises of RS. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews and field notes. Secondary data were gathered from documents, articles and websites. The collected data were then analyzed according to the literature review. The results have shown most of the elements of the social innovation dimensions described on the model developed by authors of the CRISES. The analysis made on these dimensions has shown, in the studied cases, similarities and differences, both among themselves and when they were compared to the ones described on the model established by the CRISES. In the main, the enterprises analyzed were developed from problematic contexts, and went through phases of trial and experiment, which were institutionalized, becoming models of emerging development. These enterprises were also concerned with the collective needs and the common good. Several actors were identified in the enterprises formation, and all of them had actors who hold the idea, donors, supporters and users. The involvement and participation of the actors were also most significant, as well as the apprenticeship enabled by the development process of the social innovations researched. This process involved some restrictions which caused uncertainty and tension amidst the artisans. Moreover, the process has occurred by means of integration and partnership of actors, and the attained solutions were diffused to other contexts. Thus, the present study contributes to the analysis of the social innovation concept in Brazilian solidarity enterprises.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo a anÃlise de dimensÃes da inovaÃÃo social. Adotou-se, como cenÃrio especÃfico, parte da regiÃo semiÃrida localizada no Estado do CearÃ, nordeste do Brasil. Foram investigados os trabalhos desenvolvidos pela AgÃncia de Desenvolvimento EconÃmico Local (Adel), organizaÃÃo voltada à promoÃÃo do desenvolvimento no semiÃrido cearense. Como referÃncia base para a investigaÃÃo, utilizou-se o quadro sÃntese de dimensÃes da inovaÃÃo social elaborado por Tardif e Harrisson (2005), pesquisadores ligados ao Centre de Recherce sur les Innovations Sociales (CRISES), instituiÃÃo canadense referÃncia no campo da inovaÃÃo social. Na literatura sobre o tema sÃo encontradas diversas conceituaÃÃes e classificaÃÃes, devido a isso se pode afirmar que âinovaÃÃo socialâ à um conceito em construÃÃo. Entretanto, as definiÃÃes apresentadas relacionam-se em sua essÃncia quando destacado o objetivo principal desse tipo de inovaÃÃo, que à a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos indivÃduos. Para fins desta pesquisa, utilizou-se a definiÃÃo apontada pelo CRISES (2012), segundo o qual a inovaÃÃo social diz respeito a um processo iniciado por atores com o objetivo de responder a uma aspiraÃÃo social, atender a uma necessidade, oferecer uma soluÃÃo ou beneficiar-se de uma oportunidade para mudar as relaÃÃes sociais, transformando um cenÃrio ou propondo novas orientaÃÃes culturais para a melhoria da qualidade e das condiÃÃes de vida da comunidade. No sentido de atingir o objetivo do trabalho, foram adotadas tÃcnicas qualitativas de pesquisa alicerÃadas na concepÃÃo filosÃfica pÃs-positivista. Quanto à natureza do estudo, caracteriza-se como exploratÃria e descritiva, adota-se como estratÃgia de investigaÃÃo o estudo de caso. Como mÃtodos especÃficos para coleta e anÃlise dos dados foram utilizados: pesquisa documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com membros da Adel e beneficiados. Os resultados da pesquisa destacaram os trabalhos conduzidos pela Adel e seus principais programas, voltados à agricultura familiar e ao empreendedorismo rural juvenil. Verificaram-se ainda as variÃveis de dimensÃes da inovaÃÃo social presentes e outras emergentes do caso estudado, a partir do quadro sÃntese utilizado como referÃncia. O estudo do caso Adel evidencia a importÃncia e as particularidades da inovaÃÃo social no contexto estudado, revelando a ONG como iniciativa bem sucedida, referÃncia para outras regiÃes nas quais desafios semelhantes sÃo encontrados.
This research aimed to analyze the dimensions of social innovation. It was adopted as a specific scenario, part of the semiarid region located in the state of CearÃ, northeastern Brazil. It was investigated the work of the Local Economic Development Agency (Adel), an initiative that aimed to promote the development in semiarid of CearÃ. As a base reference for this research, it was used the summary table of dimensions of social innovation, developed by Tardif and Harrison (2005) researchers from the Centre de Recherche sur les Innovations Sociales (CRISES), a Canadian institution that is a reference in the field of social innovation. In the literature about this topic, several concepts and classifications can be found. Due to this fact, it is possible to say that this is a concept in construction. However, the definitions here presented are relate in essence when the main subject of this kind of innovation is highlighted, specifically the improving of peopleâs quality of life. For the purposes of this research, it was used the definition by CRISES (2012), that says that social innovation is related to a process initiated by actors in order to respond to social needs, offering a solution or benefiting from an opportunity to change social relations, turning a scenario or proposing new cultural guidelines for improving the quality and conditions of life in the community. In order to achieve the subject of this study, we adopted qualitative research techniques grounded in the positivist philosophical conception. The nature of this study is characterized as exploratory and descriptive research and the strategy adopted was the case study. Specific methods for data and analysis collection were used: documentary research and semi-structured interviews with members of the Adel and people that were benefited by their activities. The results founded highlighted the work conducted by Adel and its major programs, focused on family farming and rural youth entrepreneurship. There were also the variables of dimensions of social innovation and other emerging from this case study, based on the summary table used as a reference. This case study of Adel highlights the importance and characteristics of social innovation in the studied context, revealing that the NGO as successful initiative and reference for other regions where also happen similar challenges.

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Technological innovation has strengthened as an important factor to ensure economic and social development of the country. However, there are other ways to create a new economic development model, focused on the social factor, that is sustainable and humane. The Brazilian Innovation Law, encourages the creation of innovation environment in Institutions of Science and Technology - ICT, though it is necessary to adapt this environment for law enforcement. Innovation management is a dynamic process that seeks to bring together mechanisms, instruments and organizational methods that can leverage the innovation capacity of organizations. The organizational environment in ICTs as an important dimension in this process. The model of innovation management consists of organizational tools in order to support, promote and disseminate the generation of academic projects and help the decision maker in the process of generating innovations. Thus, the work agenda in the following general objective: Identify dimensions of innovation management models that are appropriate to share with ICT for social and technological innovations, highlighting also specific objectives: to analyze the actions of innovations developed in UFAM; describe the process of innovation management in UFAM and characterize dimensions that could be part of the management model of innovation in UFAM. This study discusses topics related to the central theme of innovation and its derivations, innovation management, innovation management models, but also discusses the dimensions of the models of innovation management. The approach used in this dissertation was a case study, an analysis of an inductive approach to the problem, focusing on applied research. About the objectives, the research was bibliographical and documentary, based on the research literature and documents. It concludes with an analysis and evaluation of the actions of innovation developed in UFAM to deploy mechanisms for public recognition of producing positive solutions for society. Therefore we identified the appropriate dimensions to ICT and from them, we built a model of innovation management needs of UFAM, considering the technological and social relevance.
A inovação tecnológica tem se fortalecido como importante fator para garantir desenvolvimento econômico e social do país. Todavia, existe outras formas de criar um novo modelo de desenvolvimento econômico, voltado para o fator social, humano e que seja sustentável. A Lei de Inovação Brasileira, incentiva a criação de modificações nas Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia ICT, contudo é necessário adequar esse ambiente para a aplicação da lei. A gestão da inovação é um processo dinâmico que busca reunir mecanismos, instrumentos e métodos organizacionais, que possam alavancar a capacidade de inovar das organizações. O ambiente organizacional nas ICTs se constitui como importante dimensão nesse processo. O modelo de gestão da inovação é constituido de ferramentas organizacionais no intuito de apoiar, promover e disseminar a geração de projetos acadêmicos e que auxiliam o tomador de decisão no processo de geração de inovações. Dessa forma, o trabalho se pauta no seguinte objetivo geral: Identificar dimensões de modelos de gestão da inovação que sejam apropriados à ICT com ações para as inovações tecnológicas e sociais, destacando, ainda, os objetivos específicos: analisar as ações de inovações desenvolvidas na UFAM; descrever o processo de gestão da inovação na UFAM e caracterizar as dimensões que poderão fazer parte do modelo de gestão da inovação na UFAM. Esse estudo aborda tópicos relacionados à temática central inovação e suas derivações, gestão da inovação, modelos de gestão da inovação, como também discute as dimensões dos modelos de gestão da inovação. O procedimento metodológico utilizado, nesta dissertação, foi o estudo de caso, numa análise de forma indutiva para abordagem do problema, com enfoque de pesquisa aplicada. Quanto aos objetivos, a pesquisa foi bibliográfica e documental, embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conclui-se com uma análise e avaliação das ações de inovação desenvolvidas na UFAM para implantar mecanismos para o reconhecimento público como produtora de soluções positivas para sociedade. Ademais, caracterizou-se às dimensões apropriadas à ICT e a partir delas, construiu-se um modelo de gestão da inovação às necessidades da UFAM, considerando as relevâncias tecnológicas e sociais.

L'enjeu de la maîtrise des transferts technologiques ne cesse de croître pour les entreprises qui se trouvent confrontées à une mondialisation de plus en plus importante des échanges. Paradoxalement, alors que les sciences de gestion proposent de nouvelles sources de compréhension des transferts technologiques, celles-ci ont été très peu utilisées dans la littérature spécialisée. L'objectif de cette recherche est en conséquence de revisiter les concepts entourant les transferts technologiques en proposant une « grounded theory ». Dans ce cadre, les apports de la thèse sont de plusieurs ordres :

Les travaux sélectionnés pour cette thèse de sociologie (4 ouvrages et 14 articles ou chapitres de livre) explorent deux thématiques différentes : les familles homoparentales et le vécu de croyants homosexuels. En dépit de leur éloignement du modèle exclusif de la parenté, un père, une mère pas un de plus, les familles homoparentales inscrivent leurs enfants dans une chaîne de transmission parentale, tant culturelle que généalogique. De même, les croyants homosexuels adhèrent aux valeurs de leur appartenance religieuse même s'ils contestent la légitimité de l'autorité institutionnelle de l'Eglise ou des rabbins. Dans les deux cas, il y a à la fois ébranlement de la norme et adhésion à un modèle légèrement différent, plus inclusif. Les homosexuels deviennent parents en élargissant les représentations de la parenté. Les homosexuels croyants parviennent à intégrer leurs dimensions identitaires antagonistes en se tournant vers des églises ou des communautés plus accueillantes ou en réinterprétant les textes problématiques. Dans l'un et l'autre cas, ils contribuent à construire des modèles compatibles avec les formes nouvelles de la famille et de la socialité religieuse. Les travaux sélectionnés pour cette thèse montrent que la réunion de dimensions a priori inconciliables -homosexualité et famille, homosexualité et religion - conduit à des innovations sociales non seulement à l'échelle individuelle, mais aussi à l'échelle sociale. Les institutions, qu'il s'agisse du droit de la famille ou des autorités religieuses ne peuvent rester complètement imperméables aux évolutions sociologiques auxquelles les expériences individuelles les confrontent
The works selected for this sociology thesis (4 books and 14 articles or book chapters) explore two different themes: same-sex families and experience of homosexual Jewish or Christian believers. Despite their distance from the exclusive model of kinship, a father, a mother and no more, same-sex families enroll their children in a parental transmission chain, both cultural and genealogical. Similarly, homosexual believers adhere to the values of their religion even if they contest the legitimacy of the institutional authority of the Church or rabbis. In both cases, there are shaking of the standard but accordance to a slightly different model, more inclusive. Gays become parents by expanding representations of kinship. Homosexual believers manage to integrate their antagonists identity dimensions, turning to churches or communities more welcoming or reinterpreting problematic texts. In both cases, they help to build models compatible with the new forms of family and religious sociality. The works selected for this thesis show that the meeting of a priori irreconcilable dimensions- homosexuality and family, homosexuality and religion - led to social innovations not only at the individual level but also on a social scale. The institutions, be it family law or religious authorities can not remain completely impervious to the sociological changes due to confrontation with the individual experiences

L'introduction de la dimension interculturelle dans les nouveaux curricula et les manuels didactiques de l'enseignement obligatoire constitue une innovation éducative dans le système éducatif grec, mise en vigueur dès la rentrée 2005 afin de répondre aux nouveaux besoins sociaux créés par les mutations sociopolitiques et économiques qui ont transformé, en deux décennies, la société grecque en société multiculturelle. L'objectif de notre recherche est de repérer, d'une part, la dimension interculturelle en tant qu'innovation éducative dans les nouveaux curricula et manuels didactiques du primaire, et, d'autre part, la place accordée à des contenus ou démarches interculturels dans les pratiques des enseignants de l'école primaire - maîtres généralistes et enseignants de spécialité - telles qu'elles se dégagent de leur discours. Selon l'hypothèse de départ de cette recherche, les pratiques de classe déclarées des enseignants du primaire en Grèce accordent majoritairement peu de place à des contenus ou démarches caractéristiques d'une prise en compte de la nature linguistiquement et culturellement hétérogène du public scolaire. La méthodologie adoptée pour les tests empiriques est une méthodologie mixte, c'est-à-dire démarche quantitative (par questionnaires adressés à 96 enseignants) et qualitative (par entretiens effectués auprès de 24 enseignants et par analyse du contenu des documents officiels). Selon les résultats de cette recherche, notre hypothèse de départ peut être corroborée. Cependant, certaines de nos conjectures théoriques subordonnées à notre hypothèse principale ne sont pas validées, ce qui invite à poursuivre cette recherche.

It is difficult to imagine life without changes influenced by technology and innovation, which are characteristic of the era in which we live, with changes that, albeit always present throughout the history of mankind, are today presented as challenges for companies, organisations and governments, which pursue sustainable development, that is, prudent use of resources for the benefit of humans and the ecosystem around us, in a way that makes available such resources today and into the future. Unfortunately, the outcome of business innovation practices that are at the centre of these processes have resulted in the exclusion of four billion segment of the population comprising low-income groups in developing countries, also in degradation of natural resources, climate change, social inequality and excessive consumption of resources, because perhaps what was once good and innovative is now no longer so. In this context, debates have emerged and caught the attention of researchers and practitioners about how companies could innovate in a way that promotes sustainable development, which comes from "innovation", but also it to be "responsible". Responsible innovation (RI) deepens the relationship between science and society, which seeks for innovation under a democratic governance framework to be better integrated into society to ensure its contribution and benefits are effective. But how does responsible innovation in industry happen? In other words, in terms of one of the most widely used definitions in the academic context, “responsible innovation means taking care of the future through collective stewardship of science and innovation in the present”. Although this last definition acknowledged responsible innovation as a practice closely related to sustainability, the way in which its integration happen into industry is still in its infancy, and even more so when it comes from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This discussion remains one of the major research gaps analysed in this thesis. Moreover, in order to survive in a global and highly competitive environment, SMEs seek to achieve sustainable development through technological innovations. 3D printing (3DP) holds substantial promise for sustainability and the creation of a circular economy. Although 3D printing does not have a real sense of poverty alleviation in developing countries, has the potential to be a transformative alternative to the local production and consumption system. Manufacturing requires an understanding of local cultural issues that affect the management and organizational practices on which the competitiveness of enterprises is based. In that sense, once the decision is made to use a technology, it must be adopted and implemented. However, 3D printing, in that sense, is currently in the early stages of adoption especially from the perspective of small and medium enterprises. Therefore, in order to strengthen this area of research, this dissertation presents a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing the adoption of 3D printing by different types of SMEs. This analysis is therefore another of the main topics analysed in this thesis. Regarding the main topics of this thesis, unawareness of the potential value of responsible innovation for SMEs with the common objective of reaching sustainability, that generates economic benefits, but also generate social value connected to the global challenges of society. Even more so in a developing country, such as Bolivia, means once again being left out of an important socio-economic development, in a society that is marginal to what is going to happen. Bolivia has been undergoing a major boom period in recent years due to the price of oil and its derivatives, which has led to one of the best GDP per capita indices in Latin America, but despite these indicators, it is one of the poorest countries in the region with one of the highest indices of inequality, which could increase levels of poverty and extreme poverty, which in 2019 were 37.2% and 12.9% respectively (INE, 2019). These are part of the greatest challenges that Bolivia still faces. Thus, the third analysis for understanding the spread of responsible innovation is through corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. This understanding is crucial for SMEs because, CSR seems to have a relevant capability of promoting responsible innovation, in particular resulting from collaboration with other stakeholders. Based on the existing literature, this dissertation proposes three different analyses. The first empirical study explores the key factors that determine the adoption of 3DP technology by SMEs in Arizona in the United States. Their results suggest that factors such as relative advantage, integration, readiness, managerial obstacles, and in turn, external collaboration foster the adoption of 3DP. The second study deals with a systematic literature review to develop a conceptual model for responsible innovation and its relationship with business performance through corporate social responsibility and sustainable innovation practices. The last one empirical study focuses on explore whether CSR practices towards stakeholders promotes RI and financial performance, findings suggest that the relationship between CSR and financial performance mediated by responsible innovation was positive but weak. Finally, the results of this dissertation join the emerging debate on responsible innovation and its application in SMEs. The focus is on SMEs because they represent 98% of the companies in the world. Their achievements have the potential to generate a major impact on the country's economy and society. Furthermore, this dissertation could also help researchers and practitioners to new insights to address responsible innovation for society, with society and for sustainable development.

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Mobility-based technology is affecting the way people buy goods and services, how people communicate among themselves and even the way to use services provided by banks, institutions that already tread a digital transformation path in Brazil. Combination of information technology, internet and mobile devices has resulted in technological innovations, allowing most of the banking transactions to be carried out safely through smartphones and tablets. However, data from the banking industry and scientific research show little adherence to that innovative service: mobile banking. In this context, the objective of this research was to understand what cultural factors affect mobile banking usage in an emergent country from Latin America region. Applying structural equation modeling on a model that combines UTAUT2 theory and cultural dimensions of Hofstede, research confirms that Individualism / Collectivism and Long Term Orientation effectivelly affect mobile banking adoption. However, three other cultural dimensions do not support it: Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity/Femininity and Power Distance.
A tecnologia baseada em mobilidade tem afetado a forma como compram-se bens e serviços, o modo de comunicação entre as pessoas e, quiçá, a maneira de utilizar-se os serviços dos bancos, instituições que já trilham um caminho de transformação digital no Brasil. A combinação da tecnologia da informação, da internet e dos dispositivos móveis resultou em inovações tecnológicas, permitindo que a maior parte das transações bancárias seja realizada, de forma segura, por meio de smartphones e tablets. Porém, os dados do segmento bancário e da pesquisa científica mostram pouca adesão a esse serviço inovador – o mobile banking. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi entender quais fatores culturais afetam o uso do mobile banking em um país emergente da América Latina. Utilizando modelagem por equações estruturais sobre um modelo que combina a teoria de UTAUT2 e as dimensões culturais de Hofstede, confirmou-se que Individualismo/Coletivismo e Orientação por Longo Prazo são dimensões culturais que afetam a escolha pelo uso de mobile banking, não havendo suporte para as dimensões de Aversão à Incerteza, Masculinidade/Feminilidade e Distância de Poder.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le contexte de l’Innovation Sociale pour le développement durable et porte sur l’anticipation d’un système sociotechnique citoyen innovant favorable à une gestion écologique et partagée des ressources. Ce type d’innovation implique les idéologies individuelles et collectives (les idées et les valeurs propres à un individu ou à un groupe et qui orientent les actions / discours de cet individu / ce groupe). La recherche s’intéresse spécifiquement à la mobilisation de la dimension idéologique en conception collaborative de ce type d’innovation. La thèse défendue est la suivante : à travers la discussion et le débat sur les solutions de conception, sont co-construites des connaissances « sociotechniques » relatives à l’objet même à concevoir, ainsi que des connaissances « idéologiques » relatives aux valeurs que doit véhiculer cet objet. L’acceptabilité collective du futur système repose sur l’articulation de ces deux dimensions épistémiques, et cette articulation est soutenue par des interactions argumentatives constructives. Nous avons adopté la démarche méthodologique de l’ergonomie prospective et proposons un cycle de conception en trois étapes : 1) L’analyse d’un système sociotechnique de référence, 2) La création de systèmes sociotechniques probables, 3) La simulation d’un système sociotechnique imaginé. Les trois étapes sont des situations de conception collaborative. Elles ont été menées avec des usagers de la société civile. Les résultats constituent un socle pour le développement de méthodes et d’outils réflexifs visant à soutenir la conception collaborative de systèmes sociotechniques qui impliquent fortement la dimension idéologique
This thesis concerns the context of Social Innovation for sustainable development. The thesis relates to the anticipation of an innovative and citizen sociotechnical system that encourages ecological and shared uses of resources. This type of innovation involves individual and collective ideologies. The notion of ideology is understood here as a system of ideas and values, specific to an individual or a group, and which guide action and/or appear in discourse. Our research focuses on the mobilization of the ideological dimension during the collaborative design of this type of innovation. The defended thesis is: through discourse and debate about design solutions, "sociotechnical" knowledge is co-elaborated (related to the object that is designed) as well as "ideological" knowledge (in relation to the values that have to be conveyed by the object). The common acceptability of the future system is based on the articulation of these two epistemic dimensions; and this articulation is supported by constructive argumentative interactions. We have adopted the methodological approach of the prospective ergonomics and we propose a three-step design cycle: 1) The analysis of an inspiring socio-technical system, 2) The construction of hypothetical socio-technical systems, 3) The simulation of a hypothetical sociotechnical system. All of the three steps are collaborative design situations. They were implemented with citizens. The results of our research are useful for the development of reflexive methods and tools that support the collaborative design of sociotechnical systems that strongly imply an ideological dimension

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Nenhuma
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar processos e estruturas relacionadas às dimensões da capacidade absortiva (CA) em empresas industriais consideradas inovadoras no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Para tanto, este trabalho buscou na literatura, estudos sobre o construto Capacidade Absortiva, desde sua proposição original por Cohen e Levinthal (1990) até seu aperfeiçoamento, nas últimas décadas, a partir de Zahra e George (2002), que introduziu uma visão processual das dimensões da CA e seus componentes, como CA potencial - CAp (Aquisição) e CAp (Assimilação) e CA realizada - CAr (Transformação) e CAr (Exploração), no contexto organizacional. Foram identificadas as principais contribuições em estudos anteriores sobre dimensões da CA em empresas, destacando-se os mecanismos organizacionais que apresentam elementos como coordenação, sistemas e socialização, efetividade na busca do aprendizado das empresas e sua base de conhecimento, eficácia da comunicação, interação com fontes externas de conhecimento, formalização e integração social, além de avaliações das diferentes práticas gerenciais em microprocessos das empresas, considerados recursos intangíveis para o desenvolvimento da CA. A partir desse contexto, este estudo elaborou um instrumento de coleta qualitativo, aplicado em duas empresas industriais localizadas no Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), dotadas de processos de inovação diferenciados, comparados à concorrência em contexto local. A primeira faz parte da indústria de refrigerantes, é de grande porte e desenvolve inovações em produtos, processos e gestão, voltadas ao mercado. A segunda faz parte da indústria de equipamentos eletromédicos para estética, é de pequeno porte e desenvolve inovações com base no conhecimento tecnológico. Os resultados mostram que, por um lado, as empresas investigadas, independentemente do tamanho ou setor, mantêm uma dinâmica organizacional, com mecanismos de busca de renovação do conhecimento que envolve gestores e funcionários, com habilidades na busca e assimilação de informações externas por meio de desafios estratégicos lançados pela empresa. Por outro lado, observa–se nessas empresas dificuldade na manutenção de comunicação eficaz entre todos seus funcionários, comprometendo o desenvolvimento da CA. Este estudo preenche uma lacuna existente nas avaliações nos processos e estruturas voltadas à inovação, que podem ser aperfeiçoadas com uma perspectiva da CA, além da oportunidade de verificar na prática, como acorre o desenvolvimento da CA em empresas industriais, a partir de seus microprocessos.
The aim of this study was to analyze processes and structures related to the dimensions of absorptive capacity (ACAP) in industrial companies considered innovative in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Therefore, this work sought within the literature studies on the construction of Absorptive Capacity since its original proposal by Cohen and Levinthal (1990) to its improvement in recent decades from Zahra and George (2002), which introduced a process view of the ACAP dimensions and its components as a potential ACAP - Acquisition and Assimilation, and realized RACAP - Transformation and Exploitation, in the organizational context. The main contributions in previous studies on ACAP dimensions in companies have been identified, highlighting the organizational mechanisms, which present elements such as coordination, systems and socialization, effectiveness in the pursuit of learning of the companies and their knowledge base, communication effectiveness, interaction with external sources of knowledge, formalization and social integration, besides evaluation of different management practices in micro processes of the companies, considered intangible resources to the ACAP development. This study to draw up a survey tool to collect qualitative data applied in two industrial companies located in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, with some innovation differentiated processes compared to the competition in local context. The first one is part of the soft drink industry; it is large-sized company and develops innovations in products, processes and management geared to the market. The second one is part of the electromedical equipment industry for cosmetic; it is small-sized company and develops innovations based on technological knowledge. In one hand the results show that regardless of size or sector the surveyed companies maintain an organizational dynamics with search mechanisms of knowledge renewal, involving managers and employees with skills in finding and assimilating external information through strategical challenges launched by the company. On the other hand, one observes in both companies difficulty in maintaining effective communication among all their employees compromising the development of ACAP. This study fulfill a gap in evaluations, in processes and in structures aimed at innovation, which can be improved with an ACAP perspective besides the opportunity of verifying in practice how the development of ACAP in industrial companies occurs from its micro processes.

Yes
In addressing the EU2020 goals, skills shortage combined with increasing unemployment rates is to be primarily tackled in Western Europe; the common factor here is education. Education and lifelong learning (LL) are the key strands governing employability in the European labour market. Overarching concepts capable of addressing social challenges within education and LL that contribute towards better practices are seen as social innovations (SI). While SI in education is well founded in the developing countries, Europe is still in the process of gaining progressive momentum in this direction. In addressing various societal challenges, this study looks at observable trends in SI for education across Western Europe. About 30 innovations have been recorded across 11 countries that are essentially focussed on: social integration, alternative/new forms of education, digital learning, new learning arrangements, new LL strategies, early career planning, youth employment, quality improvements and new education standards, transition management, and entrepreneurial education.
European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration [grant number 612870].

Innovation is promoted as a means to address global environmental challenges and achieve resilience in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Innovation allows for adaptation and transformation in socio-ecological systems as part of the adaptive cycle. Within resilience literature, there are myriad definitions of innovation and disagreement about how to motivate diffusion of innovation, making implementation and the sustainability of innovations difficult. Specifically, matching the correct innovation to a given challenge and motivating the adoption of the innovation remains a roadblock to using innovation to address global environmental change. Here we show that there are explicit conflicts among definitions of innovation, and that innovation in the field does not align with some of these definitions. We found that the diverse definitions of innovation show a more complex view of innovation than normative treatment in policy suggests. We also found that several interacting motivations affect long-term participation in certain innovation activities. We discovered that binary views of innovation as either incremental or radical are generally supported in examples of innovation in the field, although some of the most successful examples of innovation better aligned with a continuum view of innovation associated with the adaptive cycle. Our results add to the warm-glow hypothesis that for altruistic tasks, the degree of participation motivated by a warm-glow feeling which can be enhanced by other motivations. Contrary to crowding out theory, our results suggest that monetary incentives result in higher adoption in Malawi where cost of contributing is high. The findings demonstrate the complexity of innovation, the misalignment between policy and practice, and ways in which adoption might be optimized. This research is a starting point to inform discussion about pragmatic innovation typologies. Such a typology could help operationalize the SDGs by framing the innovation dialogue between policy and practice.

碩士
東海大學
國際貿易學系
92
From 1980, Taiwan government engaged in improving industrial construct. Now Taiwan industrial construct has changed, and high tech industry has become the main industry. Built on a previously developed construct, the current study proposes a framework to explore other antecedents of internal dimension of performance of R&D team members. Social exchange behavior is hypothesized to positively impact internal dimension of performance of R&D team members through the mediating influence of social capital. Data was collected form 138 R&D team members of 13 information technology firms in Taiwan and was analyzed using linear structure equation modeling. The results reveal that social capital mediates the association between social exchange behavior and internal dimension of performance, while a positive effect exist from social capital to innovative-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (innovative-oriented OCBs). A significant effect of social exchange behavior on innovative-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors is also supported.

In the age of the digital society, a new paradigm of de-materialization crosses all dimensions of the organizations, and to the activities regarding Human Resources Management, this new digital imperative is no exception. Despite extensive theory that shows the financial and operational benefits inherent to the implementation of HR Information Systems, this theoretical research is not that much consistent when it comes to finer dimension of analysis. Starting from a case study approach, within a multinational corporation, operating in Portugal, this study had as its main goal to determine value creation dimensions upon the implementation of HR Information Systems, by crossing both emerging dimensions from existing empirical theory and testing its adherence to what would be reported by the interviewed sample of key stakeholders within the mentioned multinational organization, providing as well a decision model to future implementation projects. For that, several interviews were conducted with strategic stakeholders in the HR Organization, in the observed organization, and the qualitative data analysis procedures followed. The results of this analysis allowed to confirm that the key stakeholders adhered to the six main dimensions that were seen as critical to the organizational stakeholders involved in strategic human resources management policies design, and allowed the suggestion as well of a model for strategical orientation built upon the compliance on those very same strategic focus points.
Na era da sociedade digital, um novo paradigma de desmaterialização atravessa todas as dimensões das organizações e para as atividades afetas à Gestão de Recursos Humanos o imperativo digital não é exceção. Apesar da extensa bibliografia acerca dos benefícios financeiros e operacionais inerentes à implementação de Sistemas de Informação de RH, este levantamento não existe de forma tão consistente em dimensões mais finas de análise. Partindo de um estudo de caso de uma empresa multinacional a operar em Portugal, este estudo teve como principal objetivo apurar possíveis dimensões de criação de valor aquando da implementação de sistemas de informação de RH, ao cruzar as dimensões emergentes da teoria e testar a sua aderência empírica, providenciando também um modelo de decisão para futuras implementações. Para isso foram conduzidas entrevistas a stakeholders estratégicos de RH na organização estudada e seguiu-se o posterior tratamento de análise qualitativa de dados. Os resultados permitiram confirmar a aderência a seis dimensões vistas como mais críticas para os stakeholders organizacionais envolvidos no desenho de políticas de gestão estratégica de RH, e sugerir um modelo de orientação estratégica assente na compliance com estes mesmos focos.