To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Social life and customs in literature.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social life and customs in literature'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Social life and customs in literature.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sayre, Catherine Marie. "Nine Stories From the Land of Fixed Gears and Loneliness." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1221859612.
Full text
2
Paringatai, Karyn Ailsa, and n/a. "Poia mai taku poi: Unearthing the knowledge of the past : a critical review of written literature on the poi in New Zealand and the Pacific." University of Otago. Te Tumu - School of Maori, Pacific and Indigenous Studies, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070430.110817.
Full textAbstract:
The primary objective of this thesis is to review literature written about poi in order to construct an historical overview of poi from pre-contact Maori society until the 1920s. The mythological and Polynesian origins of poi, traditional and contemporary materials and methods used to make poi, early travellers, explorers, and settlers accounts of poi and two case studies on the use of poi in the Taranaki and Te Arawa areas will be included in this thesis. The information will be used to show the changes in poi that have occured since Maori and European arrival to New Zealand until the 1920s.
3
Richardson, Morgan. "THE CONTEST OF MARRIAGE: DOMESTIC AUTHORITY IN THE VICTORIAN NOVEL." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/english_etds/49.
Full textAbstract:
In “The Contest of Marriage: Domestic Authority in Victorian Literature”, I argue that depictions of engaged and newlywed couples in the Victorian novel consistently dismantle the concept of marriage, depicting the process of two individuals attempting to become one couple as a tenuous and even dangerous project to be undertaken during the nineteenth century. By looking at works where the decision to marry comes at the beginning of the novel rather than the conclusion, I examine the ways in which different novelists document and anatomize the consistent failures in the theoretical underpinnings of domesticity and conjugality. Given that gender, separate spheres and even the family unit have been increasingly viewed as unstable divisions and demarcations by prominent voices within nineteenth-century criticism, I argue that certain novelists were consistently engaged in exposing these insufficiencies in not only the establishment of marriage as a concept, but in the home space itself as a hypothetical location of domestic stability and success. This project will contribute to scholarship in the field not only by tracing the similar patterns and structures of seemingly disparate novels, but also by suggesting that the domestic instability discussed in groundbreaking accounts of Victorian gender ideology is not merely a feature of historical and personal accounts of the era, but is in fact a tension running through much of the period’s most popular and widely read literature as well.
In recent years, Victorian critics have collectively worked to demonstrate that separate spheres ideology is no longer a sufficient interpretive tool to employ in our attempts to excavate the nineteenth century's construction of marriage and conjugality. Just as John Tosh has argued for the husband's place within the home and Mary Poovey and Elizabeth Langland have argued for the woman's place beyond it, so too does my work demonstrate that more complex systems of gender and power relationships were functioning within even a "typical" Victorian home. Studies of domesticity have typically focused on either those citizens who embraced its precepts or the rebels who rejected them. In my work, I turn instead to characters whose earnest attempts to embody and enjoy domestic perfection are continually thwarted, proving that many writers consistently locate the trouble with domesticity not in the flaws of specific married couples, but in the implicitly universal claims domesticity makes on all married couples. I argue that in many novels of the period, even marriage enthusiasts are often transformed into its bitterest critics, due to its demands for performance and self-erasure of both spouses. Furthermore, even the seemingly neutral space of the idyllic Victorian home is often shown to be destructive to domesticity's goals, rather than lending structural support to the matrimonial endeavor. I conclude that these authors are suggesting that even marriage's harshest critics can never manage to be as persuasive about the relationship's pitfalls, hazards, and breakdowns as the actual experience of getting married inevitably proves to be.
4
Sommerfeldt, Daniel M., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Comparison of Blackfoot and Hopi games and their contemporary application : a review of the literature." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/283.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis compares the ancient games played by the Blackfoot confederacy and the Hopi Pueblos and examines their contemporary application. A literature review resulted in the aggregation of 34 Blackfoot games and 34 Hopi games. The 68 games were clustered into games of dexterity, guessing games, amusement, and games in legend. Twenty games were selected to be compared in the areas of equipment, purpose of play, how the game was played, number of participants, the gender allowed to play, the age of participants, season of play, the length of time to play the game, scoring, and how a winner was declared. This study also examines, through the literature review, personal communication and Internet information that the ancient games of the Blackfoot and the Hopi have contemporary application, which may be achieved with slight variations. Additional information on the composition, origins, linguistic families, possible tribal associations, and some European encounters of the Blackfoot and the Hopi was provided. This information is included as context to aid in the exclusion of games that may have been adopted from the Europeans. The thesis concludes there is an urgent need to identify the ancient games of Blackfoot and Hopi before knowledgeable elders are gone. Also it is recommended that this not be the end of the study of the games, but that it only be a beginning on which to build.<br>xiii, 116 leaves ; 29 cm.
5
Murillo, Charles Ray. "The other within the other: Chicana/o literature, composition theory, and the new mestizaje." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2685.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis the author explores the notion that American Chicana/o literature serves as an interactive pedagogical site that nurtures a blend of academic and street discourse, proposing the writing of those who exist on the "downside" of the border of non-standard English and academic discourse-basic writers be acknowledged.
6
Lane, Karen. "Not-the-Troubles : an anthropological analysis of stories of quotidian life in Belfast." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15591.
Full textAbstract:
To understand the complexity of life in a city one needs to consider a spectrum of experience. Belfast has a history of conflict and division, particularly in relation to the Troubles, reflected in comprehensive academic studies of how this has affected, and continues to affect, the citizens. But this is a particular mode of representation, a vision of life echoed in fictional literature. People's quotidian lives can and do transcend the grand narratives of the Troubles that have come to dominate these discourses. Anthropology has traditionally accorded less epistemological weight to fleeting and superficial encounters with strangers, but this mode of sociality is a central feature of life in the city. The modern stranger navigates these relationships with relative ease. Communicating with others through narrative – personal stories about our lives – is fundamental to what it is to be human, putting storytelling at the heart of anthropological study. Engagements with strangers may be brief encounters or build into acquaintanceship, but these superficial relationships are not trivial. How we interact with strangers – our public presentation of the self to others through the personal stories we share – can give glimpses into the private lives of individuals. Listening to stories of quotidian life in Belfast demonstrates a range of people's existential dilemmas and joys that challenges Troubled representations of life in the city. The complexity, size and anonymity of the city means the anthropologist needs different ways of reaching people; this thesis is as much about exploring certain anthropological methodologies as it is about people and a place. Through methods of walking, performance, human-animal interactions, my body as a research subject, and using fictional literature as ethnographic data, I interrogate the close relationship between method, data and analysis, and of knowledge-production and knowledge-dissemination. I present quotidian narratives of Belfast's citizens that are Not-the-Troubles.
7
Pauk, Filgueira Barbara. "Crossing the channel : socio-cultural exchanges in English and French women's writings - 1830-1900." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0083.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this study is an investigation of cross-channel exchanges represented in travelogues, historical works, journalism, letters and journals written by English women Frances Trollope, Lady Margaret Blessington, George Eliot and Julia Kavanagh on France and by French women Flora Tristan and Marie Dronsart on England. The work is based on the view that narratives about another culture betray preconceptions and beliefs and are never innocent descriptions. Nineteenth-century English descriptions of France, for instance, are not only marked by the stereotype of the gregarious French bon vivant but also by the often tense political relationship and economical concurrence between the two countries. French descriptions of England reflect the consciousness of England's superiority in the domains of economy, industry and colonialism as well as the stereotype of the boring, monosyllabic, haughty, egoistic and often xenophobic Englishman. Given that writings on the other culture are marked by practices and belief systems as well as notions of superiority and inferiority like texts emerging from a colonial context, ideas which have been developed in this field by scholars such as Sara Mills and Reina Lewis have been used as a basis for this investigation. I argue that the women whose texts I analyse strategically employ 'discourses of difference' (to use Sara Mills' term), or alignment and 'othering' in regard to nation, class, and political opinion, in order to gain positions which allow them to challenge contemporary ideologies of femininity. They take advantage of their positions in very different ways, according to their personal, class and economic situations, their agenda, and their gendered position within society which changes significantly during the century. The English women Frances Trollope, Lady Margaret Blessington, George Eliot and Julia Kavanagh construct themselves as part of the tradition of French salonnières from the seventeenth century to the present, while the French women Flora Tristan and Marie Dronsart align themselves with English travel writers, particularly Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Through a careful construction of these foremothers, which often differed from other representations of them, they criticise gender politics in their own country and endeavour to normalise their own activities as intellectuals and writers, in the case of Tristan as a socialist and feminist activist. This strategy is complemented by 'othering' with regard to nation, class and political convictions which confers on the women an authoritative authorial voice and / or allows them to support their argument. They endorse ideologies of gender, nation and class at the same time as they reject some aspects of them. This study reveals new aspects of nineteenth-century discussions of the so-called 'woman question' through a broader approach which encompasses not only the parameters of gender, class and political orientation but also cross-cultural experience.
8
Binks, Gwendolyn Dale. "Taking another look at women and gender in Hemingway's works." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1969.
Full textAbstract:
This project supports the contrary argument that Hemingway provided a voice for the post-Victorian woman, a woman exercising her strength within relationships, her sexuality, her femininity, and her freedom from oppression during the twentieth century women's movement.
9
Whelan, Fiona Elizabeth. "Morals and manners in twelfth-century England : 'Urbanus Magnus' and courtesy literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4ccb50b9-7e0e-49c8-b9c5-104dfefa3fea.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the twelfth-century Latin poem entitled Urbanus magnus or 'The Book of the Civilised Man', attributed to Daniel of Beccles. This is a poem dedicated to the cultivation of a civilised life, aimed primarily at clerics although its use extends to nobility, and specifically the noble householder. This thesis focuses on the text as a primary source for an understanding of social life in medieval England, and uses the content of the text to explore issues such as the medieval household, social hierarchy, the body, and food and diet. Urbanus magnus is commonly referred to as a 'courtesy text'. This thesis seeks to understand Urbanus magnus outside of that attribution, and to situate the text in the context of twelfth and thirteenth-century England. Thus far, scholarship of courtesy literature has focused on later texts such as thirteenth-century vernacular 'courtesy texts' or humanist works as exemplified by Erasmus's De civilitate morum puerilium. This scholarship looks back to the twelfth century and sees texts such as Urbanus magnus as 'early Latin courtesy texts'. This teleological view relegates such earlier texts to positions at the genesis of the genre and blindly assumes that they belong to the corpus of 'courtesy literature'. This neglects both their individual importance and their respective origins. This thesis examines Urbanus magnus as a didactic text which contains elements of 'courtesy literature', but also displays moral and ethical concerns. At the heart of the thesis is the question: should Urbanus magnus be considered as part of the genre of courtesy literature? This question does not have a simple answer, but this thesis shows that some elements and sections of Urbanus magnus do conform to the characteristics of courtesy literature. However, there are further sections that reflect other literary traditions. In addition to morals and ethics, Urbanus magus reflects other genres such as satire, and also reveals social issues in twelfth-century England such as the rise of anti-curiale sentiment and resentment of upward social mobility. This thesis provides an examination of Urbanus magnus through the most prevalent themes in the text. Firstly, it explores the dynamics of the medieval household, along with issues such as social mobility and hierarchy. Secondly, it focuses on the depiction of the body and bodily restraint, covering topics such as speech, bodily emissions, and sexual activity. Thirdly, it discusses food and diet, including table manners, food consumption, and dietary effects of foodstuffs. The penultimate chapter looks at the manuscript dissemination of the text to investigate the different uses which Urbanus magnus found in subsequent centuries. The delineation of Urbanus magnus as part of the genre of courtesy literature ignores the social, cultural, and literary impact on the creation of the text. In response, this thesis has two aims. The first is to minimise the notion of genre, and treat Urbanus magnus as a text in its own right, and as a product of the twelfth century. The second shows that Urbanus magnus reflects both continuity and change in society in England following the Norman Conquest.
10
Zideba-Thomas, Cynthia Daniswa. "Normative value systems as portrayed by V.N.M. Swaartbooi and V. Magadla." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/650.
Full textAbstract:
This study will focus on norms and value systems as portrayed by two female Xhosa writers. The aim of this study is to show how normative value systems are represented by two female Xhosa female writers. It also aims to show the effects of these systems on women. The method of research will be based on survey of Xhosa literature focusing on the following two books, Inzol ‘enkundleni, by V. Magadla and UMandisa by V.N.M. Swaartbooi.
11
Hirsch, Brett Daniel. "Werewolves and women with whiskers : figures of estrangement in early modern English drama and culture." University of Western Australia. English and Cultural Studies Discipline Group, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0175.
Full textAbstract:
Each chapter of Werewolves and Women with Whiskers: Figures of Estrangement in Early Modern English Drama and Culture explores a particular figure of fascination and fear in the early modern English imagination: in one it is owls, in another bearded women, in a third werewolves, and in yet another Jews. Drawing on instances from drama and other cultural forms, this thesis seeks to examine each of these phenomena in terms of their estrangement. There is a symbolic appositeness in each of these figures, whether in estranged and estranging minority groups, such as Catholics, Jesuits, Jews, Puritans, Italians, the Irish, and the Scots; or in transgressive behaviours, such as cross-dressing and gender trouble, infidelity and apostasy, intemperate passion and unnatural desire. Essentially unfixed and unstable, these emblematic figures are indicative of cultural uncertainty and therefore are easily adapted to suit changing political, religious, and social climates. However, adaptability and fluidity come at a price, since figures of difference have an uncomfortable way of transforming themselves into figures of resemblance. Thus, this thesis argues, each of these figuresowls, bearded women, werewolves, Jewsoccupies an undefined and undefinable space on the precarious boundary between the usual and the unusual, between the strange and the strangely familiar, and, most strangely and paradoxically of all, between us and them.
12
Bird, Barbara. "The Victorians and role performance : the middle class gentleman in John Halifax, gentleman and Great expectations." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221277.
Full textAbstract:
This project investigates the social role of gentleman in Victorian England as defined in two Victorian novels, Dinah Maria Mulock's John Halifax, Gentleman and Charles Dickens's Great Expectations. Mulock and Dickens promote the middle-class gentleman as a role that prioritizes the fulfillment of duty. Mulock's protagonist, John Halifax, displays this gentlemanliness throughout his social and economic rise. He bridges the upper and lower classes and embodies both a model and a pathway to middleclass gentlemanliness. Dickens's protagonist, Pip, develops this middle-class gentlemanliness as he learns from his own and four other characters' experiences. Dickens separates the inward, duty-focused gentleman and the outward, appearance-focused gentleman in the four characters that influence Pip, thus emphasizing their relationship and the power of social role encoding. These two novels reveal the performances of roles as social constructions that utilize the power of group definitions and the role writers play in shaping those definitions.<br>Department of English
13
Simsek-Caglar, Ayse. "German Turks in Berlin : migration and their quest for social mobility." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41770.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the dynamics of German Turks' practices and life-styles and their relationship with Turkey in the context of the possibilities brought into their lives by their particular type of dislocation. Turkish migrants' "culture" and life-styles are explored in the context of their complex social space, rather than within a framework encapsulated in a reified ethnicity and/or immutable "Turkish culture".<br>Chapter I discusses concepts of ethnicity, culture and identity and presents a critical account of the literature on German Turks in this respect. Chapter II focuses on the ambiguities and insecurities of German Turks' legal, political and social status in both Turkey and Germany, and traces the consequences of these conditions on Turkish migrants' complex sense of place. The discussion of German Turks' "myths of return" in the context of their liminality and the impact these have on their self-image and their visions about their lives constitute the focus of chapters III and IV respectively. Chapter V explores the changing nature of Turkish migrants' interpersonal relationships. Chapter VI concentrates on the anomalies of the social space occupied by German Turks in German society and discusses their life-styles, practices and emergent cultural forms in the context of social mobility.
14
Noble, Sandra Eleanor. "Maya seats and Maya seats-of-authority." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ38950.pdf.
Full text
15
Ishii, Kimiko. "Cross-cultural differences in facial expressions : a study of an Asian American and an Asian national." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1304656.
Full textAbstract:
Many researchers have suggested that facial expressions are universal. However, others hold a more nuanced view: That despite universal similarities, facial expressions are culture-specific. In the current study, facial expressions of an Asian American and an Asian national were studied using scenes from two television dramas from the United States and Japan. Similarities and differences were found between the facial expressions of the two characters. The existence of similarities supports the basic universality of facial expressions, while differences were found which support the perspective that facial expressions are culture-specific. These differences were primarily in the relationships between the intensity levels of the external expressions and the internal experiences of the two people. The findings indicate that even when people share basic facial features, the ways they express their emotions differ according to the cultures in which they grew up.<br>Department of Speech Communication
16
Mbewe, Mpho. "‘Ubhuti wami’: a qualitative secondary analysis of brothering among isiXhosa men." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013149.
Full textAbstract:
This project is interested in investigating the construction of the fraternal sibling relationshipwithin the South African context from a narrative perspective. In particular, this study is interested in the ways in which middle aged isiXhosa men narrate experiences of brothering and how social class, as one particular context, mediates these narratives. This project is particularly interested in brothering within the isiXhosa culture and is concerned with both middle class and working class men within this cultural context. The project takes as its particular focus the meaning of brothering, and specifically how masculinity, intimacy and money or class influence the brothering practices constructed by the men in the sample. The project employs a social constructionist perspective, using a thematic narrative analysis to analyse the data. This project uses secondary analysis of data, as the data was collected for the primary use by Jackson (2009), Peirce (2009), Saville Young (Saville Young & Jackson, 2011) and Stonier (2010). The analysis reflects emergent themes of the importance of fraternal sacrifice, care-taking and sibling responsibility, honouring the family, and challenge to traditional masculinity. These themes emerged within the prior themes of masculinity, intimacy and class within brothering. The men spoke of keeping the family prosperous and united as an important duty in their brothering role. Affection was expressed more practically and symbolically, and closeness constructed through shared experiences, proximity and similarities. My findings reflect that family expectations, culture and social context had key influences on brothering, based on the men's narratives. Findings are discussed in relation to literature on brothering, masculinity and intimacy, and the influence of money in close relationships.
17
Samuels, Jonathan. "Tamang clan culture and its relevance to the archaic culture of Tibet." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669727.
Full text
18
Blocker, Gordon. "Looking for love biblically assessing and synthesizing the different ways Christians look for a spouse /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
19
Mu¨hlan, Eberhard. "Family structures among Adivasis in India : a description and comparison of family structures and lives within the patrilineal tribe of Saoras in Orissa and the matrilineal tribe of Khasis in Meghalaya, India." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683361.
Full text
20
Quest, A. Del. "Out of the Way and Out of Place: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Social Interactions of Bisexually Attracted Young People." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2002.
Full textAbstract:
Research addressing the concerns of bisexually attracted youth has markedly increased in the past few years, yet remains limited in comparison to that addressing the issues of lesbian and gay youth (Brewster & Moradi, 2010). Those few studies treating bisexual participants as distinct from lesbian and gay participants have findings indicating that some youth who identify as bisexual experience higher rates of depression, pregnancy, substance abuse, suicidal ideations, and suicide attempts compared to their lesbian and gay peers (Kennedy & Fisher, 2010; Lewis, Derlega, Brown, Rose, & Henson, 2009; Saewyc, Homma, Skay, Bearinger, Resnick, & Reis, 2009). Most commonly, however, research studies examine all lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer participants as one group, and little is known about the ways in which these distinct groups differ. Biphobia, defined as the aversion felt toward bisexuality and bisexuals as a social group or as individuals, contributes to barriers in addressing this gap.
The primary objective of this study was to gain an understanding of how the participants recalled their social interactions and how they made sense of them. In depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten young people who were bisexually attracted when they were of high school age. Results were analyzed and discussed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. Analyses of these accounts revealed the ways these young people made sense of feeling dismissed, isolated, invisible, and unsafe in their environments and the ways they used their observations to control future interactions. The participants discussed their experiences with coming out to family members and friends and the strain of choosing to hide their attractions to more than one gender.
These findings indicate the need for services offering specific supports and interventions for bisexually attracted youth. Social workers, youth workers, and educators can best serve this population by acknowledging the uniqueness of their experiences. Future research, focused on group specific concerns, could close the existing gap in the knowledge base.
21
Allen, Shirley May. "The role and education of children in Old Testament times." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52566.
Full textAbstract:
On title page: Master of Philosophy in Bible Skills<br>Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2001<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Children in the Old Testament world, at first glance, seem to playa very
minor role in the make-up of that society but was this really so? In
researching the role and education there are many questions, which need
answering.
Questions that come to mind are: What role did children play in the tribe,
clan and family? How did children relate to their fathers, mothers and
siblings? What education and training did children receive? When did they
receive it? Was it formal or informal? Did the status and education of
children change from early Israel through to the beginning of New
Testament times? How could children identify with their religion? What did
children contribute to their religion? What legal rights did children have?
How did their situation compare to the children in other countries in the
. Ancient Near East?
In investigating these questions in chapter one it was necessary to
research the social system, which included the complex multigenerational
family. It was also important to look at children in the Old Testament world
from a sociological anthropological stance. As religion and religious
concepts were embedded in the fabric of the Old Testament society it was
important to see which ones influenced the status of children. There was
also a need to investigate how children were protected by the law and how
they were affected by the economy as Israelite society was largely an
agrarian society.
In chapter two when investigating the education of children in the Old
Testament world it was necessary to look at parental responsibility as well
as the role of priests, prophets, sages, scribes and teachers. Wisdom
literature in the Old Testament played an important role in the education of
every child, either formally or informally. Not all of the education was moral
education; much of the instruction that children received was vocational.
The challenge when looking at education is that the evidence is mostly
inferred.
In analysing the role of children in the Old Testament world it becomes
apparent that children play a far greater role and are of higher social
status than it appears at a cursory glance when looking at the patriarchal
society in which they lived. The education of children took place mostly in
the setting of the home on an informal basis. It was only much later that
formal education was introduced and even then the exact beginning of
schools is difficult to pinpoint.
It would be incorrect to attempt to transplant the role of the child in the Old
Testament world into contemporary culture without transplanting the whole
society. It would however be correct to look at the Old Testament child
within the context of the extended family as far as redemptive history and
creation is concerned.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kinders in die Ou Testamentwêreld blyk met die eerste oogopslag In
geringe rol te speel in die samestelling van daardie gemeenskap, maar is
dit werklik so? Met die navorsing van die rol en opvoeding was daar baie
vrae wat beantwoord behoort te word.
Vrae wat opduik is: Watter rol het die kinders gespeel in die stam,
familiegroep en gesin? Wat was die verhouding tussen die kinders en
hulle vaders, moeders, broers en susters? Watter opvoeding en onderrig
het kinders ontvang? Wanneer het hulle dit ontvang? Was dit formeelof
informeel? Het die status en opvoeding van kinders verander van vroeë
Israel deur tot aan di~ begin van Nuwe Testamenttye? Hoe kon die
kinders met hulle geloof identifiseer? Watter bydrae het kinders tot hulle
geloof gelewer? Wat~er wetlike regte het kinders gehad? Hoe het hulle
situasie vergelyk met die kinders in ander lande in die Antieke Nabye-
Ooste?
Deur hierdie vrae in hoofstuk een te ondersoek was dit nodig om die ,.
maatskaplike stelsel te ondersoek, wat die komplekse veelvuldige geslagfamilie
ingesluit het. Dit was ook belangrik om na kinders in die Ou
Testamentwêreld vanuit In sosiologiese antropologiese oogpunt te kyk.
Aangesien godsdiens en godsdienstige konsepte ingebed was in die wese
van die Ou Testamentiese samelewing, was dit belangrik om te sien
watter die status van kinders beïnvloed het. Dit was ook nodig om te
ondersoek hoe kinders deur die wet beskerm is en hulle beïnvloed is deur
die ekonomie aangesien die samelewing in Israel hoofsaaklik In landelike
gemeenskap was.
In hoofstuk twee met die ondersoek van die opvoeding van kinders in die
wêreld van die Ou Testament was dit nodig om te kyk na ouerlike
verantwoordelikheid sowel as die rol van priesters, profete, wysgere,
skrifgeleerdes en leermeesters/onderwysers. Wysheidsliteratuur in die Ou
Testament het In belangrike rol gespeel in die opvoeding van elke kind,
hetsy formeelof informeel. Die opvoeding was nie alles morele opvoeding nie; 'n groot gedeelte van die onderrig wat kinders ontvang het was
beroepsgerig. Die uitdaging wanneer na die opvoeding gekyk word, is dat
die meeste bewyse hoofsaaklik afgeleide bewyse is.
Wanneer die rol van kinders in die Ou Testamentwêreld geanaliseer word,
word dit duidelik dat kinders 'n baie groter rol gespeel het, en 'n hoër
maatskaplike aansien geniet het as wat 'n bloot tersaaklike blik op die
patriargale samelewing waarin hulle gewoon het, aantoon. Die opvoeding
wat kinders ontvang het, het hoofsaaklik in die konteks van die huis, en op
fn informele basis plaasgevind. Dit was eers baie later dat formele
opvoeding bekendgestel is en die presiese begin van skole is ook moeilik
om vas te stel.
Dit sou nie korrek wees om te probeer om die rol van die kind in die Ou
Testament oor te plaas in die wêreld van die kontemporêre kultuur sonder
om die hele samelewing ook oor te plaas nie. Die sou egter korrek wees
om na die Ou Testament kind te kyk binne die konteks van die uitgebreide
gesin wat verlossingsgeskiedenis en die skepping aan betref.
22
Coronado, Suzán Gabriela, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Social Inquiry. "Silenced voices of Mexican culture : identity, resistance and creativity in the interethnic dialogue." THESIS_FSI_SEL_Coronado_G.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/378.
Full textAbstract:
Interethnic communication is the focus of this thesis, as the basis for understanding Mexican culture and identity as a dynamic and complex process, which acts, from the past and in the present, to create what Mexicans are and will be.By exploring different instances where interethnic communication occurs and produces various representations of culture, this work shows the complexities of interethnic exchanges at different levels of Mexican society (in the community or in the nation) and at different moments of its history (from the conquest to the present).This complex picture is constructed using an interdisciplinary framework that includes radical ethnography, social semiotics and new social history; all of them oriented to the understanding of culture as a meaningful way to analyse society in the context of its cultural, economic and political life.Through different interethnic activities (political meetings, cultural representations, religious practices, economic activities, institutional projects, social movements) this research explores what Indian creativity can offer to construct a society that is simultaneously ancient and new, united and diverse, Indian and Mexican, and, more than ever, just and inclusive of all sectors that form Mexican society<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Social Ecology)
23
de, Oliveira Adolfo. "Of life and happines : morality, aesthetics, and social life among the southeastern Amazonian Mebengokré (Kayapó), as seen from the margins of ritual." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2665.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with different aspects of the processes of production of sociability among the Xikrin-Mebengokre of the Catete River, central Brazil. I focus on ceremonies and their performance, as ways of access to Mebengokre conceptions concerning the morality and aesthetics of social life. I analyse the semiotics of 'kin'-ship production, the performative aspects of emotion as a sociability tool, the use of song and dance for the co-ordination of collective technical tasks, and a Mebengokre 'theory of language' as social agency. In the conclusion I focus on the criticism of some of the key theoretical aspects of Ge ethnology, in the light of my previous analysis.
24
Edelsward, L. M. 1958. "Sauna as symbol." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63982.
Full text
25
盧嘉琪. "清代廣嗣思想研究 = On guangsi : a study of the ideas of multiplying descendants in Qing China". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/805.
Full text
26
O'Brien, Lauren Leigh. "Self, family and society in Nadine Gordimer's Burger's Daughter, Rachel Zadok's Gem Squash Tokoloshe, and Doris Lessings's The Grass is Singing." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006771.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter, Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, and Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing. It focuses on the development of each of the protagonists’ identities in three realms: the individual, the familial and the societal. Additionally, it is concerned with the specific socio-political contexts in which the novels are set. It employs psychoanalytic and historical materialist frameworks in order to engage with the disparate areas of identity with which it is concerned. The introduction establishes the analytical perspective of the dissertation and explores the network of theoretical frames on which the dissertation relies. Additionally, it contextualises each of the novels, within their historical contexts, as well as in relation to the theory. The first chapter examines Nadine Gordimer’s Burger’s Daughter. It focuses on the protagonist’s assertion of an identity independent of her father’s role as a political activist, and her eventual acceptance of the universal difficulty in negotiating a life which is both private and political. The second chapter, on Rachel Zadok’s Gem Squash Tokoloshe, examines the relationship between the protagonist’s traumatic experiences as a child and her inability to assert an identity as an adult. The similarities between the protagonist’s attempts to address her traumas and thereby create herself anew and South Africa’s employment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission as a means to acknowledge and engage with its traumatic history is of import. The third chapter which deals with Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing traces the life of its protagonist, whose identifications remain childish as a result of having witnessed her parents’ difficult relationship. Her understanding of the world is informed by a rigid, binary understanding, which is ultimately disrupted by her relationship with a black employee. She is incapable of readjusting her frame of reference, however, and ultimately goes mad. I conclude that, while my focus has been on personal, familial and social identifications, the standard terms in which identity is examined, namely, race, class, and gender, are present in each of the three tiers of identity with which I have been concerned.
27
Borman, Patricia D. "Spirituality and religiosity and their relationship to the quality of life in oncology patients." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1159141.
Full textAbstract:
As the efficacy of cancer treatments has improved and the life span for cancer patients has extended, interest in patients' quality of life has increased. Assessing patients' quality of life continues to gain importance as it impacts numerous facets of oncology. Similarly, interest in spirituality and religiosity have increased as they become recognized as resources for healing in health care. This study examined spirituality and religiosity and their relationship with quality of life in cancer patients. Additional variables such as age, gender, and stage of cancer were also examined for their relationship to quality of life in cancer patients. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine if spirituality, religiosity, age, gender, and stage of cancer are predictors of cancer patients' quality of life. The analysis indicated that patients with higher levels of spirituality tend to experience better quality of life, and patients with more advanced stages of cancer tend to experience lower quality of life. Religiosity, age, and gender were not predictors of cancer patients' quality of life.<br>Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
28
Lewis, Robert Lee III. "Changing Perceptions of Heraldry in English Knightly Culture of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277947/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and discuss the changing ways in which the visual art of heraldiy was perceived by the feudal aristocracy of twelfth- and thirteenth-century England. It shows how the aristocracy evolved from a military class to a courtly, chivalric class, and how this change affected art and culture. The shifts in the perceptions of heraldry reflect this important social development of the knightly class.
29
Oliver, Joanne Elizabeth. "The father daughter relationship and female adolescent sexual activity and dating life /." View online, 1996. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131402616.pdf.
Full text
30
Crop, Eared Wolf Annabel, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Matsiyipaitapiiyssini : Kainai peacekeeping and peacemaking." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2007, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/655.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to explore and provide an understanding of Kainai
peacekeeping and peacemaking within the context of the Kainai worldview, employing
postcolonial Indigenous theory and a Kainai process of inquiry. Relying on the oral
tradition, as articulated by Káínai elders, as a primary source, Káínai peacekeeping and
peacemaking is elucidated through an interpretive approach that examines the
foundational principles of the Káínai worldview, as well as Káínai values, relationships,
traditions, and customs. It is demonstrated how these function in unison to effect
peacekeeping and peacemaking. The results of this study further an understanding of
Káínai peacekeeping and peacemaking, aboriginal justice in general and Indigenous
knowledge. The results will also contribute to Káínai in the development of a
contemporary peacemaking model as part of its Justice Initiative.<br>xi, 165 leaves ; 29 cm.
31
Koutsogianopoulos, Ralia. "Thonging for identity : learning about girlhood, sexuality and feminity in a tween retail space." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83190.
Full textAbstract:
Children learn from a variety of sources. One of the most powerful pedagogical sites for kids is the consumer sphere. Marketers recognize this and have recently carved out a new consumer niche for those between childhood and adolescence, marking them as tweens. La Senza Corporation, which specializes in women's lingerie, responded to this trend by opening a tween store with a name heavily laden with meanings of sexuality: La Senza Girl. This study will apply a textual analysis to the tween retail space, in an effort to understand the informal pedagogy that takes place within this milieu. While La Senza Girl celebrates girlhood by creating a space that tween girls can call their own, it is important to take stock of the meanings of girlhood being celebrated. This study interrogates La Senza Girl's 'pedagogies' of femininity, sexuality and girlhood.
32
Drum, Mary Therese, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Women, religion and social change in the Philippines: Refractions of the past in urban filipinas' religious practices today." Deakin University. School of Social Inquiry, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060825.115435.
Full textAbstract:
This research is an exploration of the place of religious beliefs and practices in the life of contemporary, predominantly Catholic, Filipinas in a large Quezon City Barangay in Metro Manila. I use an iterative discussion of the present in the light of historical studies, which point to women in pre-Spanish Filipino society having been the custodians of a rich religious heritage and the central performers in a great variety of ritual activities. I contend that although the widespread Catholic evangelisation, which accompanied colonisation, privileged male religious leadership, Filipinos have retained their belief in feminine personages being primary conduits of access to spiritual agency through which the course of life is directed. In continuity with pre-Hispanic practices, religious activities continue to be conceived in popular consciousness as predominantly womens sphere of work in the Philippines. I argue that the reason for this is that power is not conceived as a unitary, undifferentiated entity. There are gendered avenues to prestige and power in the Philippines, one of which directly concerns religious leadership and authority. The legitimacy of religious leadership in the Philippines is heavily dependent on the ability to foster and maintain harmonious social relations. At the local level, this leadership role is largely vested in mature influential women, who are the primary arbiters of social values in their local communities. I hold that Filipinos have appropriated symbols of Catholicism in ways that allow for a continuation and strengthening of their basic indigenous beliefs so that Filipinos religious beliefs and practices are not dichotomous, as has sometimes been argued. Rather, I illustrate from my research that present day urban Filipinos engage in a blend of formal and informal religious practices and that in the rituals associated with both of these forms of religious practice, women exercise important and influential roles. From the position of a feminist perspective I draw on individual womens articulation of their life stories, combined with my observation and participation in the religious practices of Catholic women from different ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds, to discuss the role of Filipinas in local level community religious leadership. I make interconnections between womens influence in this sphere, their positioning in family social relations, their role in the celebration of All Saints and All Souls Days in Metro Manilas cemeteries and the ubiquity and importance of Marian devotions. I accompany these discussions with an extensive body of pictorial plates.
33
Anderson, Samantha. "Gender performativity and ritual performance in South-east China." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23706.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores issues of subjectivity and gender around ritual activity in Xianyou county, Fujian Province, China. It focuses on three groups of women: Buddhist nuns, mediums and village women engaged in the ritual caretaking of their families. It also examines a spirit writing text from the late Qing dynasty (1644-1911). It is suggested that subject positions and kin positions are to a certain extent coextensive and that participation in certain rituals is what constitutes one as a gendered subject (as a "woman") and in certain kin roles (as wife, daughter-in-law, etc.). Other gendered subject positions (such as that of melancholic lover) are explored in an attempt to complicate any simple determinism that might accompany to easy a correspondence of kin position with sex role.
34
Batalha, Luís. "The Cape Verdean "community" in Portugal : anthropological constructions from within and without." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e45c7509-983c-4b57-b599-48c950384572.
Full textAbstract:
The elite and the labour migrants live in completely different worlds: the first in middle-class suburbs and the second in shantytowns and council housing projects. Notions of 'race' and 'class', based on differences in complexion, education and wealth, contribute to the existence of these two groups of Cape Verdeans as separate entities. While the elite Portuguese Cape Verdeans are almost invisible within the mainstream society, the Cape Verdean labour migrants are highly visible because of their poor social integration. While the descendants of the elite are diluting within the Portuguese mainstream, the descendants of the labour migrants are occupying the fringes of Portuguese society and developing an oppositional identity in relation to the Portuguese mainstream. The first part of this thesis gives a detailed description of the Cape Verde archipelago and the foundations of its colonial society, and of the important issue of Cape Verdean migration. The second part presents the life of the two groups of Cape Verdeans in postcolonial Portugal and the ways the Portuguese mainstream perceive them.
35
Abel, Filomeno Simão Jacob. "Structure and history in Kisar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670239.
Full text
36
Thompson, Heather Ann. "Bloody women : rites of passage, blood and Artemis : women in Classical Athenian conception." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15182.
Full textAbstract:
The expected role for women in 5th century Athens as presented in evidence from myths, rituals, medicine and religion was socially and biologically conceived of in strict terms, but it was also perceived as conflicted. This conflict will be explored by investigating women in real life and women in myth and ritual. The ideal rites of passage women were intended to pass through in their lives as exemplified in medical texts required women to shed their blood at appropriate times from menarche to marriage to motherhood. These transitions are socially signified by certain rituals designed to highlight the change in the individuals' status. This medical conception of the female body and its functions was affected by social expectations of the proper female role in society: to be a wife and mother. Myths presented extraordinary women as failing to bleed in the standard socially expected transitions from parthenos to gyne. The discrepancy between the presentation of women in social and medical thought and the presentation of women in myth indicates the ambiguities and difficulties that surround the development of girls into complete women often explored in rituals. These two provinces, women in everyday life and women in myth and ritual, overlap, relate and interpenetrate in the presentation of the goddess Artemis. Artemis operates in a place where myth and real life function together in the form of rituals surrounding women bleeding in these rites of passage. The methodology of social anthropology adopted in this study allows the interpretation of myth in action in women's lives and investigates where social ideals, mythology and the goddess Artemis overlap to inform the lives of women. Rather than merely describe what occurred in myth and ritual or what a woman's life was meant to be, this model will illustrate how such elements combined to affect a woman's life and the functioning of the society in which she lived. The picture which is created of the position of women when this evidence is considered in conjunction with the precepts of social anthropology illustrates part of a discourse about the position women and reveals how the social structure of their place in society was produced and reproduced.
37
McAllister, P. A. "Xhosa beer drinks and their oratory." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012863.
Full textAbstract:
This is a study of 'beer drinks' among Xhosa people living in the Shixini administrative area of Willowvale district, Transkei. Beer drinks are defined as a 'polythetic' class of events distinguishable from other kinds of ceremonies and rituals at which beer may be consumed, and an attempt is made to outline their major characteristics. A detailed description of the way in which beer drinks are conducted is provided in Chapter 3, with emphasis on the symbolism involved in the allocation of beer, space and time, and on the speech events (including formal oratory) that occur. The main theoretical argument is that beer drinks may be regarded as 'cultural performances' in which social reality or 'practice' is dramatised and reflected upon, enabling people to infuse their experience with meaning and to establish guidelines for future action. This is achieved by relating social practice to cultural norms and values, in a dynamic rather than a static manner. It is demonstrated that the symbolism involved in beer drinking is highly sensitive to the real world and adjusts accordingly, which means that 'culture' is continually being reinterpreted. Despite poverty, a degree of landlessness and heavy reliance on migrant labour, Shixini people maintain an ideal of rural selfsufficiency and are able to partly fulfill this ideal, thereby maintaining a degree of independence and resistance to full incorporation into the wider political economy of southern Africa. They achieve this largely by maintaining a strong sense of community and of household interdependence, linked to a sense of Xhosa tradition. It is this aspect of social practice, manifested in a variety of forms - work parties, ploughing companies, rites of passage, and so on - that is dramatised, reflected upon and reinforced at beer drinks. In a definite sense then, beer drinks may be regarded as a response and a way of adapting to apartheid, and this study one of a community under threat.
38
Sheffield, Rachel. "Dating in midlife : a dyadic approach to examining the influence of life course factors on partner perceptions /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2624.pdf.
Full text
39
Reig, Alejandro. "When the forest world is not wide enough we open up many clearings : the making of landscape, place and people among the Shitari Yanomami of the upper Ocamo basin, Venezuela." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669819.
Full text
40
Klop, Damian Jerome O'Reilly. "Beer as a signifier of social status in ancient Egypt with special emphasis on the New Kingdom period (ca.1550 – 1069 BC) : the place of beer in Egyptian society compared to wine." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97042.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Some academics are of the generalist opinion that ancient Egyptian beer was only
consumed by the lower classes because of its low social status. This is based on the
generalization that individuals only consume alcoholic beverages matching the status of
their social class. Therefore the lower classes consumed beer while the upper classes
consumed an alcoholic beverage of higher status, i.e. wine. However, other academics are
of the universalist opinion that Egyptian beer was universally consumed by all Egyptian
social classes irrespective of the status of beer.
This study aims to test the validity of these opposing academic opinions and also strives
to understand how statements of status in Egyptian society were devised, and what they
were conveying. This was achieved by determining the status of Egyptian beer and wine
and then comparing them to the respective status of beer and wine drinkers in the New
Kingdom period (c. 1550-1069) according to the factors of production, consumption,
health, economic exchange & distribution, and religion. Use is made of an
anthropological approach which allows the researcher to limit social bias and understand
ancient Egyptian society on its own terms.
Results of this study indicate that Egyptian beer had a much lower status than Egyptian
wine and all social classes consumed beer while only the upper classes consumed wine.
The generalist opinion, therefore, is falsified and the universalist opinion validated. The
results also indicate that the upper classes justified their beer consumption by producing,
consuming and exchanging an elite beer of higher status in a manner reminiscent of wine
so that it compared more favourably with the status of their social classes.
This study, therefore, not only settles an old academic dispute but also provides new
insight into Egyptian beer.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sommige akademici huldig die algemene siening dat antieke Egyptiese bier uitsluitlik
deur die laer klasse gebruik is, omdat bier ‘n laer status geniet het. Dit is gegrond op die
veralgemening dat individue slegs alkoholiese drank gebruik het wat ooreenstem met hul
eie sosiale klas. Die laer klasse het dus bier gedrink terwyl die hoër klasse alkoholiese
drank van ‘n hoër status, naamlik wyn, gedrink het. Ander akademici is egter van mening
dat Egiptiese bier deur alle Egiptiese sosiale klasse gebruik is, ongeag die status van bier.
Hierdie studie poog om die geldigheid van hierdie teenstrydige akademiese menings te
toets en poog ook om te verstaan hoe stellings oor status in die Egiptiese samelewing
bedink is en wat hulle wou oordra. Dit is bereik deur die status van Egiptiese bier en wyn
te bepaal en dit dan te vergelyk met die besondere status van bier en wyndrinkers in die
Nuwe Koningkryk tydperk (c. 1550-1069) volgens die faktore van produksie, verbruik,
gesondheid, ekonomiese uitruiling & verspreiding en godsdiens. ‘n Antropologiese
benadering is gevolg omdat dit die navorser in staat stel om sosiale partydigheid te
beperk en sodoende die Egiptiese samelewing in eie reg te kan verstaan.
Resultate van hierdie studie dui aan dat alhoewel Egiptiese bier ‘n veel laer status as
Egiptiese wyn geniet het, het alle sosiale klasse nietemin bier gedrink, terwyl net die hoër
klasse wyn gedrink het. Die algemene mening is gefalsifiseer, terwyl die universele
mening gestaaf word. Die resultate dui ook aan dat die hoër sosiale klasse hul
bierverbruik geregverdig het deur ‘n elite bier van hoër status te produseer, uit te ruil en
te gebruik op ‘n wyse soortgelyk aan diè van hul wynverbruik, sodat dit gunstig vergelyk
met die status van hul sosiale klasse.
Hierdie studie los dus nie net ‘n ou akademiese meningsverskil op nie, maar gee ook ‘n
nuwe insig in Egiptiese bier en die gebruik daarvan deur die hoër klasse.
41
White, Bruce M. ""Give us a little milk" : economics and ceremony in the Ojibway fur trade." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64477.
Full text
42
Rudy, Robert Jarrett. "Manly smokes : tobacco consumption and the construction of identities in industrial Montreal, 1888-1914." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37910.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation explores the cultural practice of smoking and its connection to social relations from the beginning of cigarette mass production in Montreal in 1888 to the First World War. It uncovers the norms of smoking etiquette and taste, their roots in gender, class and race relations and their use in reproducing these power relationships. It argues that these prescriptions reflected and served to legitimize beliefs about inclusion, exclusion and hierarchy that were at the core of nineteenth century liberalism. Liberal ideals of self-control and rationality structured the ritual of smoking: from the purchase of tobacco; to who was to smoke; to how one was supposed to smoke; to where one smoked. These prescriptions served to normalize the exclusion of women from the definition of the liberal individual and to justify the subordination of the poor and cultural minorities. Furthermore, even while these prescriptions were at their height, an emergent group of beliefs began to recast notions of respectable smoking around new ideals of speed and ungendered universality. This challenge was not only part of the transition from bourgeois to mass consumption, it was the roots of a transformation of the liberal order in the years previous to the First World War.
43
Pritchard, Stephen (Stephen John) 1970. "Contested titles : postcolonialism, representation and indigeneity in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand." Monash University, Centre for Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies, 2000. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7831.
Full text
44
Deere, Andrew G. (Andrew Graham). "The contract of mandatum and the notion of amicitia in the Roman Republic." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22578.
Full textAbstract:
The contract of mandatum in Roman law, unlike its namesake in modern civil law legal systems, was not a contract of representation or agency. It was a contract of gratuitous performance of services for others. According to Corpus luris Civilis it was a contract which drew its origin from the duties of friendship. This paper examines certain rules of mandatum and compares them with a similar legal institution known as procuratio and concludes that friendship must indeed have been the origin of the contract. The paper then examines various aspects of friendship in Roman society, and concludes that social custom cannot have been the sole basis for the creation of the contract. The philosophical and ethical views of Cicero and Seneca are then considered. From the works of these two authors two lines of thought regarding friendship are deduced: friendships are to be entered into for their own sake, or friendships are to be entered into for the benefits that will ensue. The former is the 'noble' view of friendship, the latter the 'utilitarian'. The author concludes after a reexamination of the rules of mandatum that the 'noble' view provides a better answer to the question of why mandatum was created by the Roman jurists.
45
Aitieva, Medina. "Gender and ethnic differences in migration of young adults in contemporary Kyrgyzstan." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265465.
Full textAbstract:
This study uses two survey data - one conducted in Kyrgyzstan and another in the United States - to examine the effect of familial responsibilities, cultural expectations and tradition in Kyrgyzstan on young adults' decision to marry a foreigner. It predicted there would be certain gender and ethnic differences in migration of 18 to 30 years old young adults, citizens of Kyrgyzstan. Two assumptions were explored: 1) females, more than males, would like to marry a foreigner and stay in a foreign country and 2) Russian, more than Turkic respondents would like to stay in a foreign country if they found a mate who was a foreigner. These differences were expected due to contrasting familial responsibilities of females versus males and Russian versus Turkic young people. Familial responsibilities did not explain the gender and ethnic differences in marriage migration. The gender variable suggests further investigation whereas the ethnic differences show a stronger effect on the marriage migration. Russians, more than Turkic young adults, wanted to marry a foreigner since they wanted to emigrate from Kyrgyzstan eventually and did not want to return.<br>Department of Sociology
46
Naidoo, Suraya. "Attitudes and perceptions of marriage and divorce among Indian Muslim students." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003077.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the question of religion and ethnicity as a source of family diversity and ideology. An ideal-typical "traditional Muslim family ideology" was developed and tested. Eight Indian Muslim students at Rhodes University were asked about their attitudes and perceptions of marriage and family life, to determine the particular type of family ideology that these students embraced. Family-related issues such as marriage; the division of labour; gender roles; the extended family system; divorce; and polygamy were addressed. On the basis of the research results, it was found that these students largely adopted the "traditional Muslim family ideology". Religion and ethnicity were found to play an important role, in the make-up of these students' perception of marriage and family life, and a strong preference for the extended family was shown.
47
Woodruff, Sylvia. "Sherpa women." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/402.
Full text
48
Sarmiento, Barletti Juan Pablo. "Kametsa asaiki : the pursuit of the 'good life' in an Ashaninka village (Peruvian Amazonia)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2114.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an ethnographic study of the pursuit of kametsa asaiki (‘the good life’) in an Ashaninka village by the Bajo Urubamba River (Peruvian Amazonia). My study centres on Ashaninka social organization in a context made difficult by the wake of the Peruvian Internal War, the activities of extractive industries, and a series of despotic decrees that have been passed by the Peruvian government. This is all framed by a change in their social organization from living in small, separated family-based settlements to one of living in villages. This shift presents them with great problems when internal conflicts arise. Whilst in the past settlements would have fissioned in order to avoid conflict, today there are two related groups of reasons that lead them to want to live in centralised communities. The first is their great desire for their children to go to school and the importance they place on long-term cash-crops. The second is the encroachment of the Peruvian State and private companies on their territory and lives which forces them to stay together in order to resist and protect their territory and way of life. I suggest that this change in organisation changes the rules of the game of sociality. Contemporary Ashaninka life is centred on the pursuit of kametsa asaiki, a philosophy of life they believe to have inherited from their ancestors that teaches emotional restraint and the sharing of food in order to create the right type of Ashaninka person. Yet, at present it also has new factors they believe allow them to become ‘civilised’: school education, new forms of leadership and conflict resolution, money, new forms of conflict resolution, intercultural health, and a strong political federation to defend their right to pursue kametsa asaiki. My thesis is an anthropological analysis of the 'audacious innovations' they have developed to retake the pursuit of kametsa asaiki in the aftermath of the war. I show that this ethos of living is not solely a communal project of conviviality but it has become a symbol of resistance in their fight for the right to have rights in Peru.
49
Butt, Leslie. "The social and political life of infants among the Baliem Valley Dani, Irian Jaya /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34921.
Full textAbstract:
Among the Baliem valley Dani of the central highlands of Irian Jaya, Indonesia, infants play a prominent role in social relations. Infant mortality rates among the Dani are above two hundred and fifty deaths per thousand live births and birth rates are low. To these patterns of infant survival and growth the Dani consistently ascribe complex meaning. Drawing from anthropological research conducted in 1994--1995 in the Baliem valley, this dissertation demonstrates that indigenous meanings about the infant body and assessments of infant health link the infant to political relations within polygynous families, to antagonistic gender relations, and to affiliations with powerful ancestor spirits. Gender relations play a prominent role in explanations about infants. When an infant dies, parents explain the death in ways that reflect the lower social status of women in relation to men. A study of sex ratios during the first year of life and biased use of health services by gender of the infant suggest that the Dani may generate and validate cultural patterns of gender inequality during the earliest months of life.<br>Infants also play an important role in national politics. In Indonesia's attempts to assimilate indigenous peoples into the country's economic development agenda, the infant appears in health promotions as a member of a contrived ideal family. These national cultural models, grounded in a concern with population control, translate into an applied health agenda for infants that has little impact on the mortality rates of the very young in Dani society.<br>The infant, though mute, is a powerful figure at the center of many social and political relations. The richness of meaning attributed to infants in the Baliem valley suggests that further research is needed to correct lacunae in anthropological theory about one of life's key social figures.
50
Komlosy, Anouska. "Images of the Dai : the aesthetics of gender and identity in Xishuangbanna." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7293.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is based on fieldwork carried out m Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The main focus of the work is the Dai people, one of China's fifty-five so called 'Minority Nationalities'. I aim to paint a picture of the complex processes through which Dai ways of being and images of them are created and recreated. This is not to suggest that the Dai constitute a bounded group. Although Chinese official discourse presents a static, rigid picture of the so-called 'Minority Nationalities', I hope to have demonstrated that the everyday experiences of those in Banna are governed by a fluid and dynamic relationality. Images of 'Minority Nationalities' abound in China, these images are multiple and often contradictory. The Dai are known throughout China for their beauty, a beauty often portrayed as highly erotic. In this thesis I explore the implications of this image and the role of the Dai in its formation and continuity. With this in mind I examine the ways that the striking Dai aesthetic is used in the intricate power plays of Xishuangbanna. This work examines aspects of the Dai lived aesthetic and as such it has chapters on tattoo, architecture and feminine beauty. Dai aesthetic knowledge is interlaced with strands of moral, philosophical and cosmological insight, thus this work also includes a chapter on morality, autonomy and cooperation. The penultimate chapter uses vivid ethnography of the Water Splashing festival as a example of play of identities in Xishuangbanna. The Conclusion reiterates that the processes by which images, identities and aesthetic understandings are generated, and by which limits are explored and transgressed in Xishuangbanna are dialogic in character.