Dissertations / Theses: 'Social marginal'

1

Schorr, Raphael Avram 1976. "Marginal social cost auctions for congested airport facilities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84837.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2002.
"September 2002."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-97).
by Raphael Avram Schorr.
S.M.
M.Eng.

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2

Groisman, Juan Cruz. "La comunicación gráfica pública marginal." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2007. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/2802.

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El espacio público, atravesado por lugares de tránsito e interacción comunes de los individuos, constituye un terreno fundamental de la comunicación de todas las épocas. Este espacio mantiene a través de la historia del hombre significante su fuerza instrumental como espacio de difusión de significaciones. Éstas se producen ubicando mensajes, señales, símbolos en un segmento visual apropiado y de acceso público. En la construcción de este espacio visual público de comunicación intervienen sujetos comunicativos - locutores- que interpelan a las sociedades colaborando en la conformación de sus identidades y reproducen o trastocan sus representaciones, sus creencias, sus valores, sus conocimientos. Los mensajes son heterogéneos en sus formas, intenciones y lenguajes. El conjunto de estas marcas en el espacio varía, apareciendo y desapareciendo, reemplazándose, tomando nuevas formas y actualizándose necesariamente con el tiempo. Es un espacio continuamente mutante en sus formas y contenidos. Para el analista cultural representan una valiosa fuente de información para el acercamiento a la comprensión de la(s) identidad(es) de una sociedad. Cada texto existente en un momento y lugar determinado funciona entonces como un mensaje para los intervinientes en el proceso comunicativo del signo y además como una marca cultural de la época en la que se produce.
Fil: Groisman, Juan Cruz. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales.

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3

Bürger, Juliane. "Albert Camus e a revolta marginal." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88713.

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Tese (doutorado)- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura.
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A tese "Albert Camus e a revolta marginal" identifica relações e intersecções entre o pensamento do escritor Albert Camus (1913-1960), sobretudo quanto ao que denominou "movimento de revolta", e textos da ficção brasileira contemporânea, marcados por representações do cotidiano nas periferias de grandes cidades.

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4

Aisindi, Jonna. "The Marginal Social Worker : Exploring how Namibian social work students perceive and implement knowledge from a study exchange in Sweden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-31740.

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This study explores how social work approaches and methods developed and practiced in one context can be interpreted, transferred and implemented in another. Additionally it focuses on how cultures and societies are organised both in individualistic and collectivistic societies and its effects on different approaches and conditions for social work. The data was collected from Namibian social work students that have participated in the Linnaeus Palme exchange program, which is an ongoing cooperation between the Swedish University West and University of Namibia. The results show that what the Namibian students foremost learn during their exchange studies in Sweden has to do with client interaction, critical thinking and dimensions of increased self-awareness. The assimilation of knowledge and possibilities to transfer and implement what they have learned in Sweden in a Namibian social work context is understood with the help of the theoretical concepts of the marginal man and transferability of knowledge. Shaped by the Namibian hybrid society, where the respondents are part of an ongoing negotiation between different antipoles and mediation between various cultural contexts, I argue that they are marginal social workers. Through their marginal experience they are in possession of qualities that are crucial in their process of transferability of knowledge and further create conditions for implementing new knowledge in the Namibian work practice.

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Benevenuto, Silvana José [UNESP]. "A escrita como arma: uma análise do pensamento social na literatura marginal." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88760.

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O presente trabalho analisa a coletânea Literatura marginal: talentos da escrita periférica (2005). Organizada por Ferréz, um dos mais importantes idealizadores deste projeto literário e responsável pela rubrica Literatura Marginal, que nomeia a obra, tem o peso de lançar em livro onze autores, incluindo o organizador, alguns deles completamente desconhecidos pelo público nacional. Interessa-nos discutir o que escreve e o que pensa este narrador que se autodefine “marginal” e, com isso, colocar em evidência sua visão de mundo, o que, segundo entendemos, pode ser apreendido não restritamente naquilo que discursam, mas sim a partir da análise da relação existente entre o conteúdo e a forma desta manifestação literária. Mais que os escritores, estamos propondo pensar a própria narrativa como expressão de um coletivo, de um grupo que em comum traz consigo a condição de ser morador de periferia e acreditar que as letras podem ser uma arma. Para combater o quê e a quem? É a pergunta que norteia esta nossa análise e que nos faz dedicar a uma discussão sobre o narrador desta literatura. Destaca-se a forma que a própria matéria literária assume quando, em alguns momentos, o narrador elabora um discurso “violento” em contrarresposta à violência sofrida, ou, ainda, quando deixa suscitar a noção de destino como explicação para uma situação ao qual se vê submetido. Para tanto, a literatura é pensada a partir de sua relação com a matéria social, particularmente a violência, discutindo a intersecção entre literatura e sociedade.
This work analyses the collections: Literatura marginal: talentos da escrita periférica (2005). Organized by Ferréz, one of the most important idealizer of this literary project and responsible for the rubric Marginal which nominates the work, it has the charge to release a book with eleven authors, including the organizer, some of them totally unknown by the national public. We are interested in discussing what is completely written and what this narrator that defines himself as “marginal” thinks. With that, we want to put in evidence his world‟s view, something that, according to our understanding, can be comprehended not only with what they argue, but also from the analysis of the connection between the content and the shape of this literary manifestation. We are proposing the thinking of the narrative as an expression of the group that brings the condition of living in the periphery and the believing that literature can be a gun. To fight against what and whom? These are the questions that guide our analysis and that make us dedicate ourselves to a discussion about the narrator of this literature. It is distinguished the way that the literary subject assume sometimes, when the narrator develops a “violent” speech answering back the violence he has suffered, or, when he gives rises to the notion of destiny as an explanation for a situation in which he is evolved. For that, the literature is thought from its relation with the social matter, particularly the violence, discussing the intersection between the literature and the society.

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Tamot, Raju. "Marginal, professional, predatory Nepalese elites, and emigration to the "Dreamland"." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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7

Sellers, Brian Gregory. "Zero Tolerance for Marginal Populations: Examining Neoliberal Social Controls in American Schools." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4768.

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This study's purpose is to investigate the expansion of social control efforts in American elementary and secondary school settings, particularly the use of zero-tolerance policies. These policies entail automatic punishments, such as suspensions, expulsions, and referrals to the juvenile and criminal justice systems for a host of school-based infractions. The widespread implementation of zero-tolerance policies and the application of harsh, exclusionary sanctions have intensified over the past decade. Numerous studies have documented this rise; however, there has been little effort to explore the explanation of the expansion of school-based social controls. A potential explanation is found in the application of political economic theories in relation to the increased use and evolving nature of social control in the neoliberal era of capitalism. As such, the current study employs a new theoretical approach, which utilizes neoliberal theory combined with theoretical components from existing metanarratives in the literature. By using this new approach in regard to school-based social control, the connection between the expansion of social control of the working class and marginal populations in the criminal justice process, and the retraction of the social safety nets that characterized neoliberal capitalism is extended to the explanation of trends in the social control of school-based infractions. This investigation incorporates a qualitative, empirical exploration of how these school criminalization efforts have been implemented and legitimized by the state, specifically through the authority of the courts. By engaging in textual analysis, the jurisprudential intent that informs both the relevant state appellate and Supreme Court decisions was subjected to legal exegeses to determine how and if the judicial system legitimizes the practice of zero tolerance in schools, which are consistent with neoliberal ideals. In addition, a quantitative component, to this overall study, examined nationally representative School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) data across three academic years to determine if school security measures and disciplinary actions were increasingly applied to marginal populations in elementary and secondary schools over time. Results from the qualitative inquiry revealed that in the overwhelming majority of court cases evaluated, the courts decided in a fashion that reinforces zero-tolerance policies as legitimate neoliberal social controls in schools. Several theoretically relevant themes emerged from the jurisprudential intent, which are transferable for further theory development and future research. Quantitative findings reveal that, over time, the total disciplinary actions and removals from school without continued educational services are disproportionately applied to schools with the highest percentages of minority students and students who reside in high-crime areas compared to schools with the lowest percentages of minority students and students who reside in high-crime areas. Conversely, the results also reveal that the average use of school security measures (e.g., metal detectors, access controls, security guards, etc.) are more likely to be used in schools with the lowest percentages of minority students than schools with the highest percentages of minorities over time. These results are discussed in detail, and recommendations for changes in school policies and practices are offered, while being mindful of evidence-based best practices that may serve as viable alternatives to the zero-tolerance policies currently being used. Avenues for future research and theory development are also outlined.

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8

Benevenuto, Silvana José. "A escrita como arma : uma análise do pensamento social na literatura marginal /." Marília : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88760.

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Orientador: Célia Aparecida Ferreira Tolentino
Banca: Fátima Aparecida Cabral
Banca: Sylvia Helena Telarolli de Almeida Leite
Resumo: O presente trabalho analisa a coletânea Literatura marginal: talentos da escrita periférica (2005). Organizada por Ferréz, um dos mais importantes idealizadores deste projeto literário e responsável pela rubrica Literatura Marginal, que nomeia a obra, tem o peso de lançar em livro onze autores, incluindo o organizador, alguns deles completamente desconhecidos pelo público nacional. Interessa-nos discutir o que escreve e o que pensa este narrador que se autodefine "marginal" e, com isso, colocar em evidência sua visão de mundo, o que, segundo entendemos, pode ser apreendido não restritamente naquilo que discursam, mas sim a partir da análise da relação existente entre o conteúdo e a forma desta manifestação literária. Mais que os escritores, estamos propondo pensar a própria narrativa como expressão de um coletivo, de um grupo que em comum traz consigo a condição de ser morador de periferia e acreditar que as letras podem ser uma arma. Para combater o quê e a quem? É a pergunta que norteia esta nossa análise e que nos faz dedicar a uma discussão sobre o narrador desta literatura. Destaca-se a forma que a própria matéria literária assume quando, em alguns momentos, o narrador elabora um discurso "violento" em contrarresposta à violência sofrida, ou, ainda, quando deixa suscitar a noção de destino como explicação para uma situação ao qual se vê submetido. Para tanto, a literatura é pensada a partir de sua relação com a matéria social, particularmente a violência, discutindo a intersecção entre literatura e sociedade.
Abstract: This work analyses the collections: Literatura marginal: talentos da escrita periférica (2005). Organized by Ferréz, one of the most important idealizer of this literary project and responsible for the rubric Marginal which nominates the work, it has the charge to release a book with eleven authors, including the organizer, some of them totally unknown by the national public. We are interested in discussing what is completely written and what this narrator that defines himself as "marginal" thinks. With that, we want to put in evidence his world‟s view, something that, according to our understanding, can be comprehended not only with what they argue, but also from the analysis of the connection between the content and the shape of this literary manifestation. We are proposing the thinking of the narrative as an expression of the group that brings the condition of living in the periphery and the believing that literature can be a gun. To fight against what and whom? These are the questions that guide our analysis and that make us dedicate ourselves to a discussion about the narrator of this literature. It is distinguished the way that the literary subject assume sometimes, when the narrator develops a "violent" speech answering back the violence he has suffered, or, when he gives rises to the notion of destiny as an explanation for a situation in which he is evolved. For that, the literature is thought from its relation with the social matter, particularly the violence, discussing the intersection between the literature and the society.
Mestre

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9

St, John Graham 1968. "Alternative cultural heterotopia ConFest as Australia's marginal centre." [Melbourne] : Confest Integrity Agency, 2000. http://nla.gov.au/nla.arc-41333.

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Title from title screen (viewed on 15 Apr. 2004) Text and graphics. Web site contains the complete thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Sociology, Politics and Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. Also includes photographs and links to related web sites. System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader for viewing files in PDF format. Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. Available at: http://www.confest.org/thesis/index.html Selected for archivingANL

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10

Chan, Oi-kam. "The maintenance of self-evaluation of marginal youth : an exploratory study /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744653.

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11

Albright, Anthony J. "Social Dialect Features of Military Speech: A Sociolinguistic Study of Fargo Veterans." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29589.

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This mixed-methods study examines the potential existence of a military dialect separate from regional or social dialects experienced by civilians. In particular, how similar is the military-related storytelling lexicon of veterans in the Fargo-Moorhead area to the lexicon set forth in training bases and training manuals used by the U.S. military? The lexicon used by veterans in storytelling can sometimes seem opaque to an audience. It is typically dense with meaning borne by a few coded words. These words carry a contextual burden that can be better understood by an appeal to the dialect from which they were borne. In order to disentangle the veteran way of speaking from other overlapping and intersecting social and regional dialects that make up a subject’s typical speech, guided conversation and word-matching exercises were used to isolate lexicon that was typical to the military experience. The resulting interview transcripts were analyzed in comparison to military training manuals to arrive at a percentage of military-specific terms used in the guided conversation and a percentage of general knowledge military terms retained in the word-matching measure. The resulting 1.85% of military-specific terms and phrases used by participants in guided conversations and 61% retention of military-specific term knowledge was used to show that the military dialect not only exists but persists in the repertoire of veteran participants. As the majority of those who work with veterans are not veterans themselves, these percentages represent a significant barrier to understanding veteran storytelling. This barrier hinders the successful reintegration and mental health of veterans who return to their communities without knowing how to meaningfully express their stories in their existing support networks.

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Barros, Gracinda Vieira. "A literatura marginal periférica nos movimentos sociais em rede." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4565.

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A literatura marginal periférica conquistou, na última década, reconhecimento crítico e espaço nos meios acadêmicos. Por sua natureza engajada e pela própria dinâmica dessa literatura, observamos que autores periféricos utilizam amplamente o ciberespaço para a livre circulação de algumas obras e divulgação de projetos culturais. Nesse contexto, pretendemos explorar a interação da literatura marginal com as novas tecnologias de comunicação e a maneira como os autores Sergio Vaz, Ferréz e Marcelino Freire utilizam esses espaços para difundirem uma literatura combativa que participa dos movimentos sociais ao mesmo tempo em que afirma um novo perfil de escritores e uma estética própria da periferia na tradição literária brasileira.
Peripheral marginal literature has achieved, in the last decade, critical recognition and space in academic circles. Due to the committed nature and dynamics of this literary genre, we observe that non-canonical authors widely take advantage of the cyberspace for a free circulation of several works as well as the spread of cultural enterprises. In this context, we intend to explore the interaction of marginal literature with the new technologies of communication and the way in which the authors Sergio Vaz, Ferréz and Marcelino Freire benefit from these writing spaces in order to disseminate an engaged literature that participates in the social movements at the same time that it affirms both a new profile of writers and a unique aesthetic of a Brazilian literary tradition.

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Rodríguez, Ylasaca Edgar Ramiro. "Análisis de Costo Marginal de los Fondos Públicos para Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102758.

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La relevancia de analizar una Reforma Tributaria radica en los efectos que ésta causa en el bienestar de la sociedad, pues, por un lado, se debe analizar si existe un margen controlado para modificar las tasas de impuestos y por otro lado, analizar el bienestar social asociado al uso de los fondos públicos recaudados y su respectiva financiación. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la pertinencia de una reforma tributaria en la economía chilena, a partir de la estimación del Costo Marginal de los Fondos Públicos (CMFP). El cual mide el cambio en el bienestar social que es generado por un incremento marginal en la recaudación tributaria, es decir, el CMFP ofrece una medida monetaria del costo en bienestar que a los individuos les supone pagar un peso adicional de impuestos. La metodología utilizada se basa en el diseño de un modelo de Equilibrio General Computado (EGC) para una economía pequeña y abierta, utilizando una Matriz de Contabilidad Social (MCS) para Chile, representando los flujos de ingresos y gastos de los agentes agregados considerados en el modelo. El modelo de EGC es calibrado con datos de las Cuentas Nacionales, considerando los impuestos sobre bienes nacionales, exportaciones, importaciones, impuestos sobre las rentas empresariales y sobre las rentas personales. Asimismo, el modelo toma en cuenta la existencia de informalidad en la economía. La estimación del CMFP para Chile, considerando los factores y su naturaleza que la determinan así como su respectivo comportamiento, permite obtener una aproximación al nivel óptimo de impuestos requeridos para financiar los incrementos en la inversión pública, que en conjunto posibilitan la identificación de variaciones en el bienestar social. En promedio, el CMFP asociado con un incremento marginal en los cinco impuestos considerados es de 1.12, indicando una tasa de retorno requerida del 12% para los proyectos públicos. En promedio, los impuestos sobre los dos bienes de consumo gravados (bienes nacionales y las importaciones) tienen CMFP bajos, mientras que los impuestos en los dos factores gravados (trabajo formal y capital formal) tienen CMFP altos. Los resultados de la estimación del CMFP sugieren que existe un potencial para aumentar los ingresos fiscales de Chile a un costo social relativamente bajo, esto bajo la presunción tradicional de que los beneficios tienen que ser más grande que el CMFP para compensar este factor de costo adicional. Si los ingresos fiscales se mantienen constantes, existe un margen para la reforma de la estructura de los impuestos para reducir su costo social. Dado que estimaciones bajas del CMFP sugieren que hay margen para aumentar los ingresos fiscales totales. Finalmente se resalta la aplicabilidad y utilidad que posee el CMFP, resultando potencialmente relevante para una economía como la chilena, por su estructura económica e institucional, ambos desarrollados, y por el nivel de confiabilidad en la información disponible, todo ello orientado al uso del CMFP en el diseño e implementación de políticas públicas fiscales.

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Al-Tony, Fa. "The marginal social cost of road and rail : implications for rail investment and pricing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3862.

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An important issue for transport policy is whether more investment should be devoted to rail schemes and less to road schemes and vice versa. This raises the problem of comparing the returns from investments in the two modes currently assessed on a different basis - road schemes are appraised on a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) basis, whereas rail schemes are assessed on a Financial Analysis (FA). This study is a step in the direction of identifying the difference between the two techniques (CBA and FA) of appraisal in general and in case of rail investment in particular, and examining the implications of the use of the two different techniques in assessing the investment in road and rail. In addition, the study develops a methodology for assessing rail investment schemes that could be consistent with the cost benefit analysis being used in assessing road investment projects. The differences between CBA and FA are identified. The current practice of assessing road and rail investment schemes is examined and the weaknesses are outlined. The potential implications of assessing road and rail investment on different criteria are explored. Previous rail investment studies where both CBA and FA were undertaken are reviewed and discussed to explore how the task of CBA were carried out to rail schemes and to show the difference with the current study approach. The study framework of rail scheme appraisal is identified to include four elements of impacts. These are; financial impacts to the rail operator (producer surplus), rail user benefits (consumer surplus), non-user benefits, and other impacts on other bodies in the society (tax adjustments). Non-user benefits concerned by the study are road congestion time, noise, air pollution, accidents, and vehicle operating costs. Road congestion time, noise and air pollution are identified as externalities, while accidents and vehicle operating costs are dealt with as cases of cost misperception. The five items of non-user benefits are measured at the margin in a process to identify the Marginal Social Cost (MSC) of travel as a function of the road type alternative. Eight types of road are identified for the study to represent the entire UK road network. The measurement process of non-user benefits incorporates the variation in traffic over time and place. This is carried out by incorporating four traffic distributions in the calculation process. The distributions of traffic reflect traffic variations from hour to another (24 hours) throughout the day, from day to another (7 days) throughout the week, from month to another (12 months) throughout the year and from location to another throughout the UK entire road network. The implications of the study findings are explored. Three undesirable implications are identified. These are welfare losses to the society, lower share for rail travel, and investment bias towards roads. Three policy options are put as a solution. These are, pricing road and rail services according to the MSC, subsidising public transport, and applying a consistent appraisal method for road and rail investment. The contribution of these options towards achieving a sustainable balance between road and rail as well as their applicability in practice are examined. At the end some improvements and attached areas of further research are suggested.

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Al-Tony, Fathy El-Sayed. "The marginal social cost of road and rail: Implications for rail investment and pricing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3862.

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An important issue for transport policy is whether more investment should be devoted to rail schemes and less to road schemes and vice versa. This raises the problem of comparing the returns from investments in the two modes currently assessed on a different basis - road schemes are appraised on a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) basis, whereas rail schemes are assessed on a Financial Analysis (FA). This study is a step in the direction of identifying the difference between the two techniques (CBA and FA) of appraisal in general and in case of rail investment in particular, and examining the implications of the use of the two different techniques in assessing the investment in road and rail. In addition, the study develops a methodology for assessing rail investment schemes that could be consistent with the cost benefit analysis being used in assessing road investment projects. The differences between CBA and FA are identified. The current practice of assessing road and rail investment schemes is examined and the weaknesses are outlined. The potential implications of assessing road and rail investment on different criteria are explored. Previous rail investment studies where both CBA and FA were undertaken are reviewed and discussed to explore how the task of CBA were carried out to rail schemes and to show the difference with the current study approach. The study framework of rail scheme appraisal is identified to include four elements of impacts. These are; financial impacts to the rail operator (producer surplus), rail user benefits (consumer surplus), non-user benefits, and other impacts on other bodies in the society (tax adjustments). Non-user benefits concerned by the study are road congestion time, noise, air pollution, accidents, and vehicle operating costs. Road congestion time, noise and air pollution are identified as externalities, while accidents and vehicle operating costs are dealt with as cases of cost misperception. The five items of non-user benefits are measured at the margin in a process to identify the Marginal Social Cost (MSC) of travel as a function of the road type alternative. Eight types of road are identified for the study to represent the entire UK road network. The measurement process of non-user benefits incorporates the variation in traffic over time and place. This is carried out by incorporating four traffic distributions in the calculation process. The distributions of traffic reflect traffic variations from hour to another (24 hours) throughout the day, from day to another (7 days) throughout the week, from month to another (12 months) throughout the year and from location to another throughout the UK entire road network. The implications of the study findings are explored. Three undesirable implications are identified. These are welfare losses to the society, lower share for rail travel, and investment bias towards roads. Three policy options are put as a solution. These are, pricing road and rail services according to the MSC, subsidising public transport, and applying a consistent appraisal method for road and rail investment. The contribution of these options towards achieving a sustainable balance between road and rail as well as their applicability in practice are examined. At the end some improvements and attached areas of further research are suggested.

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Abreu, VinÃcio BrÃgido Santiago. "Entre o marginal e o laboral: o trabalho de garotos de programa na cidade de Fortaleza/CE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12610.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
A prostituiÃÃo alcanÃa hoje visibilidade acadÃmica e social notÃvel â o que se diferencia de aceitaÃÃo, respeito e abertura para a convivÃncia â de modo a personalizar muitas das discussÃes relativas Ã interseÃÃo trabalho-sexualidade. Concebe-se prostituiÃÃo enquanto trabalho sexual no qual se executam atos sexuais/erÃticos/afetivos de diversos modos, mediados por trocas de recursos materiais e simbÃlicos e, desta forma, sendo configurado um empreendimento comercial para a obtenÃÃo de ganhos financeiros. O garoto de programa, figura chave da chamada prostituiÃÃo masculina e desse estudo, pode ser definido como todo indivÃduo que, mediante remuneraÃÃo, de maneira habitual, sob qualquer forma, entrega-se em relaÃÃes sexuais com pessoas do mesmo sexo ou do sexo oposto. Atualmente esses trabalhadores do sexo sÃo relegados Ã marginalizaÃÃo, exclusÃo social, precariedade no trabalho e culpabilizaÃÃo; tendo o acesso Ã SaÃde, ao Direito do Trabalho, Ã SeguranÃa PÃblica e, principalmente, Ã dignidade, relegados quando associados a sua atividade laboral. Tal atividade lhes confere uma situaÃÃo de vÃnculo aparentemente intermitente ou debilitado em relaÃÃo ao mercado de trabalho. Estes vÃnculos precÃrios ocorrem despossuÃdos de objetivos coletivos bem definidos, carecendo de âinscriÃÃo do sujeito em estruturas portadoras de um sentidoâ e ainda de projetos integrados que deem sentido Ãs interaÃÃes sociais. Com base nisso, objetivou-se investigar a atividade laboral realizada por garotos de programa na cidade de Fortaleza, compreendendo suas implicaÃÃes e repercussÃes na vida desses trabalhadores, assim como identificar e caracterizar os pontos de prostituiÃÃo masculina e seus atores, em especial as saunas gays; conhecer as negociaÃÃes e regras presentes nestes contextos; examinar as diferenÃas relativas aos locais, pÃblico-alvo ou caracterÃsticas dos garotos; e analisar os processos de filiaÃÃo/desfiliaÃÃo vivenciados pela inserÃÃo/marginalizaÃÃo laboral e social dos garotos de programa. Optou-se por uma metodologia qualitativa na concepÃÃo da pesquisa, atravÃs de recursos etnogrÃficos na inserÃÃo e permanÃncia do pesquisador nos espaÃos de prostituiÃÃo masculina da cidade e pela AnÃlise SociolÃgica do Discurso como recurso para a realizaÃÃo de entrevistas e de anÃlise dos dados. ApÃs a identificaÃÃo dos espaÃos de prostituiÃÃo, foram escolhidas duas saunas gays da cidade como lÃcus de investigaÃÃo. Ao todo, foram dedicados 10 meses de observaÃÃo nesses locais, tendo sido realizadas 4 entrevistas formais e vÃrias outros conversas informais com garotos de programa dessas saunas. A prostituiÃÃo masculina em Fortaleza mostrou-se como um espaÃo de conflitos, de ausÃncia de direitos trabalhistas e, muitas vezes, civis e de cumprimento Ãs leis. Destaca-se, pela fala dos entrevistados, a violÃncia simbÃlica durante o trabalho, a ausÃncia de representatividade de classe, de visibilidade de interesses e de participaÃÃo na elaboraÃÃo de polÃticas voltadas a eles. Ã nesse espaÃo marginal que os garotos de programa atuam, utilizando recursos de criatividade para permanecer na atividade. Ao mesmo tempo, essa atividade estÃ diretamente vinculada com a formaÃÃo de suas identidades pessoais, seu posicionamento diante do mundo e seu auto-julgamento de valor.
Prostitution today achieves outstanding academic and social visibility - which differs from acceptance, respect and openness for coexistence - in order to customize many of the discussions on the intersection work-sexuality. I understand prostitution as sex work that performs affective / erotic / sexual acts in various ways, encouraged by exchanges of material and symbolic resources and being set up as a commercial venture for financial gain. The rentboy, male prostitution main character and focus of this study, can be defined as any person who, for remuneration, in the usual way, in any form, indulges in sexual relations with persons of the same sex or opposite sex. Nowadays these sex workers are relegated to marginalization, social exclusion, job insecurity and guilt; having access to health, to Labor Law, Public Safety and to mainly dignity, relegated when associated with their work activities. This activity gives them a situation of intermittent or link apparently weakened in relation to the labor market. These precarious work contracts occur without well-defined collective goals, lacking "description of the subject in carrying structures of meaning" and integrated projects that give meaning to social interactions. Based on this, we aimed to investigate the work of male prostitutes in the city of Fortaleza, understanding the implications and impact of this work on the lives of rentboys, as well as identify and characterize the points of male prostitution and its actors, in particular the work performed in gay saunas; searches negotiations and rules contained in these contexts; examine differences related to local, targeted audience and characteristics of boys; and analyze the processes of affiliation / disaffiliation experienced by insertion / labor and social marginalization of male prostitutes.. We opted for a qualitative research methodology, through ethnographic resources in the insertion and retention of the researcher in the areas of male prostitution in the city and the Sociological Discourse Analysis as a resource for conducting interviews and data analysis. After identifying the areas of prostitution, two gay saunas in Fortaleza as a locus for research were chosen. 10 months of observation were dedicated saunas, 4 interviews were conducted formal and several informal conversations occurred with rentboys. Male prostitution in Fortaleza proved to be an area of conflict, the lack of labor rights and often civilians and comply with the laws. Were featured in the interviews: the symbolic violence at work, the lack of representation of class, visibility of interests and involvement in the development of policies to them. In this marginal space rentboys acts using resources of creativity to stay in the activity. At the same time, this activity is directly linked with the formation of their personal identity, their attitudes towards the world and its self-value judgment.

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17

Jin, Yuze. "Entrepreneurial decision for rural development under social network effect." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244534.

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18

Silva, Rogério de Souza [UNESP]. "Cultura e violência: autores, polêmicas e contribuições da literatura marginal." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99002.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho realiza analise sócio-literária da literatura marginal. Produção textual oriunda de setores tradicionalmente excluídos do sistema literário brasileiro, a literatura marginal possui como característica geral o fato de seus autores terem nascido e crescido nas periferias das grandes cidades brasileiras e produzido obras que têm como tema central a violência que assola todo o país e principalmente as periferias das metrópoles.
This work analyzes the social-literary of literature marginal. Derived literary production of traditionally excluded sectors of the Brazilian literary system, literature marginal possess as characteristic general the fact of its authors to have been born and grown in the peripheries of the great Brazilian cities and produced workmanships that have as central subject the violence that devastates the country all e mainly the peripheries of metropolis.

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19

Abbes, Souhir. "Tarification au coût marginal social des infrastructures et des services portuaires : modélisation et méthodologies d'estimation." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4011.

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Le secteur des transports est l'un des secteurs les plus impliqués dans les problèmes environnementaux. Pour que ce secteur se développe dans un contexte de durabilité économique et environnementale, la Commission Européenne préconise, dans plusieurs documents (Livre Blanc, 1998; Livre Vert, 1997), d'appliquer la tarification au coût marginal social, qui consiste à faire payer les usagers la totalité des coûts qu'ils génèrent, qu'ils soient internes (coûts d'exploitation) ou externes (coûts environnementaux, coûts de congestion et coûts des accidents). Pour l'activité portuaire, qui est également concernée par ce système de tarification, la théorie économique n'offre pas tous les outils nécessaires à l'estimation du coût marginal social de court terme. Ce travail de recherche propose de pallier cette lacune théorique. Nous avons ainsi proposé des modèles théoriques et empiriques permettant de déterminer le coût marginal d'exploitation des services portuaires ainsi que les coûts marginaux externes des accidents, de la pollution atmosphérique et sonore, et de la congestion dans le port de Saint-Brieuc. Nous nous sommes basés, en particulier, sur les modèles développés pour le transport routier (Jansson, 1994; Lamure, 1990) et sur les hypothèses communément retenues dans l'économie portuaire
The transportation sector is one of the most involved sectors in environmental problems. Therefore, the European Commission advocate, in several papers (White Paper, 1998; Green Paper, 1997), to adopt the marginal social cost pricing taking into account both private (operational costs) and external costs (environmental, congestion and accident costs). The major motivations behind this pricing policy are to improve efficiency and to allow the sector to be developed in a sustainable way. Seaports are also concerned by this pricing approach. However, the economic theory doesn't offer all necessary tools to the evaluation of short-run marginal social costs in seaports. The purpose of this thesis is to palliate this theoretical gap. Thus, we propose theoretical and econometric models permitting to determine operational marginal costs as well as external marginal costs of accidents, atmospheric and noise pollution, and congestion costs in the seaport of Saint-Brieuc. We were based, in particular, on the models developed for the road transport (Jansson, 1994; Lamure, 1990) and on the assumptions commonly retained in port economics

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20

Aguirre, Ruiz Alexis Andre. "Escuela contemporánea de música y danza para la integración social del sistema marginal en Chiclayo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/3298.

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La marginalidad de los sectores urbanos afecta el desarrollo social de una ciudad. La causa principal se relaciona con su crecimiento urbano no planificado. El arte, considerado como un medio de comunicación inherente a las personas, es capaz de restaurar su integración social. De esta manera, se propuso la implementación de un proyecto arquitectónico artístico para disminuir los índices de marginalidad urbana en Chiclayo. El proceso metodológico utilizado se ejecutó en tres fases: se registró y delimitó los sectores urbanos marginales en esta ciudad, se identificó las actividades artísticas de mayor instrucción y se propuso un equipamiento artístico orientado a la integración social. Asimismo, se evidenció una relación directamente proporcional: a mayor número de equipamientos artísticos existe menor cantidad de sectores urbanos marginales y viceversa. Además, la música y danza fueron las actividades artísticas más concurridas en Chiclayo. Finalmente, la marginalidad considerada como un problema urbano – social se puede mitigar mediante la actividad artística ejercida por los ciudadanos.

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21

Campos, Gabriel Alves de. "Cultura na trincheira: literatura marginal e o chão da fricção." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8156/tde-02072013-105838/.

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De Lima Barreto a Ferréz, surge e se consolida no país uma linhagem literária que faz frente aos valores estéticos que regem a formação da literatura brasileira. Suas formas artísticas coincidem com as formas sociais do trabalho e estão circunscritas ao universo do favor, do assalariamento e do trabalho precarizado. Diante desse quadro, não fica difícil imaginar a intersecção que anima suas formas literárias calcadas em um estilo de classe e em uma determinada situação ficcional. A investigação da natureza política dessa nova linhagem literária que propõe uma formalização das relações de classe no Brasil é também a mesma que pretende verificar se o sistema literário proposto por Antônio Cândido diz respeito às novas configurações culturais que surgem pelas periferias brasileiras. Sabe-se que o princípio mediador entre obra literária e sociedade se dá através da forma, em que a realidade é vista por meio da ficção e a ficção por meio da realidade, e que ambas fundam um pêndulo temático que pende ora para um lado, ora para outro, de modo a atingir seu teor de verdade social. Mas também podemos analisar o valor de uma obra pela tríade Literatura-História-Política, nesse caso, essa última funcionando como base do triângulo, denotando a intenção do autor. Seja qual for o ponto de partida (ainda que cada método de leitura tenha seu ponto de chegada), no meio do caminho podemos notar que existe uma íntima correspondência entre a realidade objetiva e a figurada, em que uma tenciona a outra, e o mundo pode ser visto através da literatura e a literatura através do mundo. Se o tema das obras em estudo passa necessariamente pelas feições da barbárie que atravessam a miséria e a violência dos contos estudados, o projeto tem importância na medida em coloca para exame a forma das obras de Lima Barreto, João Antônio e Ferréz, a formação do público que lê essas obras e por ele é influenciado, dando continuidade a esse tipo de literatura, bem como a relação entre forma e formação constituindo um sistema cultural articulado que se convencionou chamar de literatura marginal.
From author Lima Barreto to Ferréz, a literary lineage emerges and is consolidating in the Country confronting the aesthetic values that governed the formation of Brazilian literature. Its artistic forms reflect the social forms of labor and are enveloped by a context of the favor culture, of wage labor and of precarious work conditions. Given this situation, it is not difficult to imagine the intersection that animates its literary forms modeled on a class aspect and on a particular fictional situation. The investigation of the political nature of this new literary lineage that proposes a formalization of the class relations in Brazil also aims to verify if the literary system proposed by Antonio Candido really applies to the new cultural configurations which rise in the Brazilian poor areas. It is well known that what mediates the relations between literary work and society arises via the form, in which reality is seen through fiction and fiction through reality, both creating a theme pendulum that hangs sometimes to one side, sometimes to another in order to achieve its content of social truth. But we can also analyze the value of a work by the triad Literature-History-Politics, in this case, the latter serving as the base of the triangle, revealing the author\'s intention. Whatever the starting point (although each reading method has its own conclusions), in the middle of the way we can note that there is a close relation between objective reality and literary reality, in which one influences the other, and the world can be seen through literature and vice-versa. If the theme of the works under consideration necessarily includes the features of barbarism of the poverty and violence in the stories studied, the studys importance is in the examination of the form of Lima Barretos, João Antônios and Ferrézs works, of the formation of the readers of those works that are by them influenced, following up this kind of literature, and of the relationship between form and formation that constitutes an articulated cultural system known as marginal literature.

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22

Silva, Rogério de Souza. "Cultura e violência : autores, polêmicas e contribuições da literatura marginal /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99002.

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Orientador: Milton Lahuerta
Banca: Élide Rugai Bastos
Banca: Carlos Gileno
Resumo: O presente trabalho realiza analise sócio-literária da literatura marginal. Produção textual oriunda de setores tradicionalmente excluídos do sistema literário brasileiro, a literatura marginal possui como característica geral o fato de seus autores terem nascido e crescido nas periferias das grandes cidades brasileiras e produzido obras que têm como tema central a violência que assola todo o país e principalmente as periferias das metrópoles.
Abstract: This work analyzes the social-literary of literature marginal. Derived literary production of traditionally excluded sectors of the Brazilian literary system, literature marginal possess as characteristic general the fact of its authors to have been born and grown in the peripheries of the great Brazilian cities and produced workmanships that have as central subject the violence that devastates the country all e mainly the peripheries of metropolis.
Mestre

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23

Simavi, Zeynep. "Tezer Ozlu: A Marginal Voice Against The Approved Notion Of The Intellectual." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607697/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyzes both Tezer Ö
zlü
&rsquo
s life as an intellectual and her novels, The Chilly Nights of Childhood and Journey to the End of Life, in order to demonstrate Ö
zlü
&rsquo
s portrayal of the inner life of the intellectual in her works and her unique way of expressing the effects of the political circumstances of the time on the individual intellectual. Through an analysis of her works from the standpoint of trauma theory, this study aims to demonstrate that Ö
zlü
is engaged with the political problems of the era that she lives in although she does not express it explicitly in her works.

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24

Pancorbo, Valdivia Gina. "Estereotipos y prejuicios hacia grupos étnicos peruanos en una muestra de pobladores de una zona urbano-marginal del Callao." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2010. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/671.

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El estudio tuvo el objetivo de describir y analizar los estereotipos y prejuicios hacia grupos étnicos peruanos (amazónicos, andinos, asiáticos, afrodescendientes, mestizos y blancos) de una muestra de pobladores de una zona urbano- marginal del la Provincia Constitucional del Callao, Perú. Se desarrolló un diseño mixto de investigación. Se aplicaron instrumentos cuantitativos a 115 personas y otras 30, participaron en cuatro grupos focales. Los resultados permiten describir los estereotipos y prejuicios hacia grupos étnicos y distinguir la percepción de discriminación de la que han sido víctima el grupo en estudio. Dichos patrones de relación intergrupal se ubican en un contexto de exclusión social e inequidad, marco que acentúa las diferencias entre los grupos y justifica la aparición de los estereotipos y prejuicios que se manifiestan en los resultados de la investigación.
Tesis

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25

Johansson, Marcus. "Doing good to do well? : Corporate Social Responsibility and Return on Investment in Sweden." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20938.

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This paper treats Corporate Social Responsibility as an investment in corporate reputation andas such aims at investigating the return of that investment. It does so partly by estimating theeffect of being perceived as socially responsible on the firm’s ability to maximize shareholdervalue and partly by estimating the effect on a more traditional accounting based measure offinancial performance. Results indicate that socially responsible firms are able to maximizeshareholder value to a greater extent than less responsible firms while at the same time notnecessarily performing better in traditional accounting terms.

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26

Amorim, Luciano Henrique da Silva. "Materna-idades: trajetórias femininas e pedagogias de um currículo marginal na periferia de Maceió - AL." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2018. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/3420.

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This research has how discussions and dialogues memories, ways and discourses had lived by women that became being mother in their childhood and teen, talking between histories and pedagogical relationships by yourself and theirselvies. The objective of this work looking for the possibilities of analyses that run out of the true regimes, but can build scenes that show us the presence considerable of mothers on these phases, how long, the social co-relationships between adults and children. Inside on methodological ways, I have choose for the Discourse Analyses by Michel Foucault, giving emphasis in say it, inter-say it, statements and a lot of dimensions. With this, the visible colors through away memories (un)happy, but, that help to show us in many contexts that go down in South Zone of Maceió, the discourses about family, woman on the community, the respects and disrespects associates at the maternity or the deconstruction of being woman in periphery. Therefore, read this research is a premission to the charm or no charm about the educative process and the complexities never right, but, always uncertainness and dangerous.
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente trabalho tem como interdiscussões memórias, trajetos e dicursos vivenciados por mulheres que passaram pelo fenômeno da maternidade em suas infâncias e adolescências, dialogando entre suas histórias e suas relações pedagógicas de si e do outro. O objetivo desta pesquisa preza a busca de possibilidades de análise que fujam dos regimes de verdade, mas, que possam constituir cenários que exibam a presença de um número considerável de mães nestas fases já supracitadas, bem como, suas correlações sociais entre adultos e crianças. Envolvido nos caminhos metodológicos, optou-se pela Análise do Discurso – AD a partir dos contributos do filósofo e educador francês Michel Foucault, dando ênfase aos ditos, interditos, enunciados e suas dimensões argumentativas e discursivas de si e da história do eu. Com isso, as nuances visíveis e sentidas trilham memórias (in)felizes, mas, que ajudam a exibir em contextos diversos que desemborcam na Zona Sul de Maceió as afirmações do que é família, do ser mulher em meio a comunidade, dos respeitos e desrespeitos referentes à maternidade e substancialmente de uma (des)construção do ser mulher na periferia. Portanto, ler este escrito é permitir-se ao encanto e desencanto do que são os processos educativos e suas complexidades nunca certas, mas, sempre incertas e perigosas.

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27

Abreu, Vinício Brígido Santiago. "Entre o marginal e o laboral: o trabalho de garotos de programa na cidade de Fortaleza/CE." www.teses.ufc.br, 2014. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/9548.

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ABREU, Vinício Brígido Santiago. Entre o marginal e o laboral: o trabalho de garotos de programa na cidade de Fortaleza/CE. 2014. 117f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza (CE), 2014.
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Prostitution today achieves outstanding academic and social visibility - which differs from acceptance, respect and openness for coexistence - in order to customize many of the discussions on the intersection work-sexuality. I understand prostitution as sex work that performs affective / erotic / sexual acts in various ways, encouraged by exchanges of material and symbolic resources and being set up as a commercial venture for financial gain. The rentboy, male prostitution main character and focus of this study, can be defined as any person who, for remuneration, in the usual way, in any form, indulges in sexual relations with persons of the same sex or opposite sex. Nowadays these sex workers are relegated to marginalization, social exclusion, job insecurity and guilt; having access to health, to Labor Law, Public Safety and to mainly dignity, relegated when associated with their work activities. This activity gives them a situation of intermittent or link apparently weakened in relation to the labor market. These precarious work contracts occur without well-defined collective goals, lacking "description of the subject in carrying structures of meaning" and integrated projects that give meaning to social interactions. Based on this, we aimed to investigate the work of male prostitutes in the city of Fortaleza, understanding the implications and impact of this work on the lives of rentboys, as well as identify and characterize the points of male prostitution and its actors, in particular the work performed in gay saunas; searches negotiations and rules contained in these contexts; examine differences related to local, targeted audience and characteristics of boys; and analyze the processes of affiliation / disaffiliation experienced by insertion / labor and social marginalization of male prostitutes.. We opted for a qualitative research methodology, through ethnographic resources in the insertion and retention of the researcher in the areas of male prostitution in the city and the Sociological Discourse Analysis as a resource for conducting interviews and data analysis. After identifying the areas of prostitution, two gay saunas in Fortaleza as a locus for research were chosen. 10 months of observation were dedicated saunas, 4 interviews were conducted formal and several informal conversations occurred with rentboys. Male prostitution in Fortaleza proved to be an area of conflict, the lack of labor rights and often civilians and comply with the laws. Were featured in the interviews: the symbolic violence at work, the lack of representation of class, visibility of interests and involvement in the development of policies to them. In this marginal space rentboys acts using resources of creativity to stay in the activity. At the same time, this activity is directly linked with the formation of their personal identity, their attitudes towards the world and its self-value judgment.
A prostituição alcança hoje visibilidade acadêmica e social notável – o que se diferencia de aceitação, respeito e abertura para a convivência – de modo a personalizar muitas das discussões relativas à interseção trabalho-sexualidade. Concebe-se prostituição enquanto trabalho sexual no qual se executam atos sexuais/eróticos/afetivos de diversos modos, mediados por trocas de recursos materiais e simbólicos e, desta forma, sendo configurado um empreendimento comercial para a obtenção de ganhos financeiros. O garoto de programa, figura chave da chamada prostituição masculina e desse estudo, pode ser definido como todo indivíduo que, mediante remuneração, de maneira habitual, sob qualquer forma, entrega-se em relações sexuais com pessoas do mesmo sexo ou do sexo oposto. Atualmente esses trabalhadores do sexo são relegados à marginalização, exclusão social, precariedade no trabalho e culpabilização; tendo o acesso à Saúde, ao Direito do Trabalho, à Segurança Pública e, principalmente, à dignidade, relegados quando associados a sua atividade laboral. Tal atividade lhes confere uma situação de vínculo aparentemente intermitente ou debilitado em relação ao mercado de trabalho. Estes vínculos precários ocorrem despossuídos de objetivos coletivos bem definidos, carecendo de “inscrição do sujeito em estruturas portadoras de um sentido” e ainda de projetos integrados que deem sentido às interações sociais. Com base nisso, objetivou-se investigar a atividade laboral realizada por garotos de programa na cidade de Fortaleza, compreendendo suas implicações e repercussões na vida desses trabalhadores, assim como identificar e caracterizar os pontos de prostituição masculina e seus atores, em especial as saunas gays; conhecer as negociações e regras presentes nestes contextos; examinar as diferenças relativas aos locais, público-alvo ou características dos garotos; e analisar os processos de filiação/desfiliação vivenciados pela inserção/marginalização laboral e social dos garotos de programa. Optou-se por uma metodologia qualitativa na concepção da pesquisa, através de recursos etnográficos na inserção e permanência do pesquisador nos espaços de prostituição masculina da cidade e pela Análise Sociológica do Discurso como recurso para a realização de entrevistas e de análise dos dados. Após a identificação dos espaços de prostituição, foram escolhidas duas saunas gays da cidade como lócus de investigação. Ao todo, foram dedicados 10 meses de observação nesses locais, tendo sido realizadas 4 entrevistas formais e várias outros conversas informais com garotos de programa dessas saunas. A prostituição masculina em Fortaleza mostrou-se como um espaço de conflitos, de ausência de direitos trabalhistas e, muitas vezes, civis e de cumprimento às leis. Destaca-se, pela fala dos entrevistados, a violência simbólica durante o trabalho, a ausência de representatividade de classe, de visibilidade de interesses e de participação na elaboração de políticas voltadas a eles. É nesse espaço marginal que os garotos de programa atuam, utilizando recursos de criatividade para permanecer na atividade. Ao mesmo tempo, essa atividade está diretamente vinculada com a formação de suas identidades pessoais, seu posicionamento diante do mundo e seu auto-julgamento de valor.

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Salom, Julio Souto. "Combater a subcidadania disputando o jogo literário : uma contribuição ao estudo da Literatura Marginal Periférica." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/116467.

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Apresentamos um estudo da Literatura Marginal Periférica, de uma perspectiva sociológica, que pretende dialogar com as pesquisas que se vêm realizando durante a última década. Esse movimento literário brasileiro recente é integrado por escritores e poetas moradores das periferias de grandes cidades brasileiras (principalmente São Paulo), e de finais dos 1990 à atualidade, vem ocupando diversos espaços centrais do cenário literário nacional. Para compreender suas dinâmicas coletivas, resgatamos algumas metáforas da sociologia da literatura ("sistema", "campo" e "jogo" literário), e reconstruímos o cenário de violência e desigualdade social onde essa literatura se produz (com conceitos como "estigma" ou "subcidadania"). Mapeamos essa Literatura Marginal Periférica revisando diferentes pesquisas realizadas e, com essa cartografia, escolhemos cinco autores para realizar seus retratos sociológicos , observando suas trajetórias individuais de consagração literária em termos de "legitimidade cultural", atentando também para sua relação com a comunidade de origem. Os cinco escritores retratados são: Paulo Lins, Ferréz, Allan da Rosa, Dona Laura Matheus e Jandira Brito. Do estudo empírico obtemos uma imagem do movimento como fenômeno cultural diverso e internamente heterogêneo, com relevância social, artística e cultural; ainda que sua capacidade de articulação de um "sistema literário" autônomo se circunscreve á Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Em termos políticos, observamos como a apropriação da prática da escrita literária por parte de grupos sociais tradicionalmente excluídos do jogo literário produz uma impugnação da subcidadania, construindo uma autoestima coletiva e reivindicando o reconhecimento das suas especifícidades culturais. Eventualmente, essa dimensão política tem prejudicado o reconhecimento estritamente literário das obras e autores, pelo que a adoção da identidade coletiva não é unânime. Em vista disso, a aposta pela autonomia aparece como princípio norteador do movimento, pela situação desfavorável e desigual que esses escritores enfrentam nos espaços culturais de alta legitimidade; mas, na prática, observamos como as tensas interações com os circuitos da cultura dominante têm fortalecido o movimento e reforçado as posições individuais dos escritores (tanto no cenário literário quanto nas suas comunidades de origem). Em definitiva, observamos um movimento literário com muito interesse nos seus aspectos literários, culturais e políticos, que ainda apresenta diversas questões em aberto a serem acompanhadas nos próximos anos.
Presentamos un estúdio de Ia Literatura Marginal Periférica, desde una perspectiva sociológica, que pretende dialogar con Ias investigaciones que se vienen realizando durante Ia última década. Este movimiento literário brasileno reciente está formado por escritores y poetas residentes en Ias periferias de grandes ciudades brasilenas (principalmente São Paulo), y desde finales de los 1990 hasta Ia actualidad, viene ocupando diversos espacios centrales dei escenario literário nacional. Para comprender sus dinâmicas colectivas, rescatamos algunas metáforas de Ia sociologia de Ia literatura ("sistema", "campo" y "juego" literário), y reconstruímos el escenario de violência y desigualdad donde esta literatura se produce (en base a conceptos como "estigma" o "subciudadanía"). Mapeamos esa Literatura Marginal Periférica revisando diferentes investigaciones y con esa cartografia escogemos cinco autores para realizar sus "retratos sociológicos", observando trayectorias individuales de consagración literaria en términos de "legitimidad cultural", considerando su relación con Ia comunidad de origen. Los cinco escritores retratados son: Paulo Lins, Ferréz, Allan da Rosa, Dona Laura Matheus y Jandira Brito. Del estúdio empírico obtenemos una imagen dei movimiento como fenômeno cultural diverso e internamente heterogêneo, con relevancia social, artística y cultural; aunque su capacidad de articulación de un "sistema literário" autônomo se circunscribe a Ia Región Metropolitana de São Paulo. En términos políticos, observamos como Ia apropiación de Ia práctica de escritura literaria por parte de grupos sociales tradicionalmente excluídos dei juego literário provoca una impugnación de Ia subciudadanía, construyendo autoestima colectiva y reivindicando el reconocimiento de sus especificidades culturales. Eventualmente, esa dimensión política ha perjudicado el reconocimiento estrictamente literário de obras y autores, por Io que Ia adscripción a Ia identidad colectiva no es unânime. En vista de esto, Ia apuesta por Ia autonomia aparece como principio orientador dei movimiento, por Ia situación desfavorable y desigual que estos escritores enfrentan en los espacios culturales de alta legitimidad; pero en Ia práctica, observamos como Ias tensas interacciones con los circuitos de Ia cultura dominante han fortalecido al movimiento y reforzado Ias posiciones individuales de los escritores (tanto en el escenario literário cuanto en su comunidad de origen).

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Strauss, Simon Yale. "Marginal protection : sustainable development, social resilience and migration within natural protected areas of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, central Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99609.

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Natural protected areas are places intended to protect nature, but it is now accepted that their social impact must be compatible with the ideals of 'sustainable development': they must conserve nature while improving, or at least not injuring, the socio-economic status of human communities. In Mexico, recent conservation policy has emphasized the creation of biosphere reserves, a type of protected area designed as a practical application of the concept of sustainable development. Previous research has shown that in Mexico and elsewhere, such reserves are often created in areas that are environmentally marginal and where, therefore, the lives and livelihoods of inhabitants are precarious at best. This makes the dual challenges of protecting nature and aiding social and economic development particularly acute. This study explores these challenges by considering the socio-economic patterns within protected areas along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of central Mexico. The study measured sustainable development, as indexed by the Mexican government, at both the regional and local scales, combining census data and interviews with residents in the Sierra Gorda Reserve. This combination of methodologies allowed for a fuller description of the social impacts of protected areas at different scales. The study found that while overall the lives of residents in or near natural protected areas improved steadily between 1990 and 2000, these areas are also characterized by high migration levels and an aging population, which may threaten the future sustainability of these communities. The study concludes by suggesting that migration is a key factor which should be included in Mexico's assessments of sustainable development, and that the concept of a community's social resilience is extremely useful in informing future studies.

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Madriaza, Pablo. "Sentido social de la violencia escolar : transformaciones culturales en el discurso marginal de los que estan sujetos de la violencia." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/106009.

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La presente investigación trata de abordar comprensivamente, el surgimiento de la violencia escolar en Chile, tras el restablecimiento de las democracias en la región. Según esta propuesta tanto la violencia escolar, como la urbana y juvenil, dan cuenta de un conflicto no explícito entre dos modalidades culturales: una ligada a las formas tradicionales de socialización, que se arrastran desde antes de la dictadura; y otra modalidad, ligada a las formas de socialización más emergentes relacionadas con el individualismo y la globalización. De este encuentro, la violencia emergería como “síntoma” de estas transformaciones culturales. El objetivo principal de este estudio es la interpretación de estos cambios, a la luz del análisis de entrevistas de jóvenes, considerados por sus instituciones educativas o sus pares, como agresivos o violentos. Análisis que será llevado a cabo por medio de metodologías cualitativas teórico-estructurales.

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Hurlstone, Lise Danielle. "Performing Marginal Identities: Understanding the Cultural Significance of Tawa'if and Rudali Through the Language of the Body in South Asian Cinema." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/154.

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This thesis examines the representation of the lives and performances of tawa'if and rudali in South Asian cinema to understand their marginalization as performers, and their significance in the collective consciousness of the producers and consumers of Indian cultural artifacts. The critical textual analysis of six South Asian films reveals these women as caste-amorphous within the system of social stratification in India, and therefore captivating in the potential they present to achieve a complex and multi-faceted definition of culture. Qualitative interviews with 4 Indian classical dance instructors in Portland, Oregon and performative observations of dance events indicate the importance of these performers in perpetuating and developing Indian cultural artifacts, and illustrate the value of a multi-layered, performative methodological approach. These findings suggest that marginality in performance is a useful and dynamic site from which to investigate the processes of cultural communication, producing findings that augment sole textual analysis.

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Mensah, Wisdom Yaw. ""Marginal men" with double consciousness : the experiences of sub-Saharan African professors teaching at a predominantly White university in the Midwest of the United States of America /." View abstract, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3339513.

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Finch, Johanna Louise. "Can't fail, won't fail : why practice assessors find it difficult to fail social work students : a qualitative study of practice assessors' experiences of assessing marginal or failing social work students." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2370/.

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The thesis focuses on the issue of the assessment of social work students in practice learning settings and draws on multi-disciplinary and international literature. The dissertation considers why practice assessors find it so difficult to fail social work students and what might get in the way of failing a student. The rationale for such an exploration concerns the relatively limited literature from both social work and other disciplines where there is a practice-learning element and what limited literature there is often appears under-theorised. A further rationale to explore this area of professional practice concerns the author‟s own experiences as a social work practitioner, practice assessor and social work educator. Located within a qualitative framework, the methodological influences on the research include: ethnography, life story and narrative approaches as well as practitioner-research paradigms; although it is clear that as the research progressed, practitioner-research paradigms became more influential. Based on twenty in-depth interviews with both new and experienced practice assessors, the research utilises the voice centred relational method to analyse the data. From this narrative process a number of stories emerge, including; “The Angry Story”, “The Dramatic Event Story”, “The Guilty Story”, “The Idealised Learner Story”, “The Internalising Failure So I Couldn‟t Always Failure Them Story”, “The Lack of Reflection Story” and the “What is my Role/Assessment Story”. Psychodynamic frameworks have been employed to theorise and make sense of these various stories as well as transactional analytical perspectives. Differences in approach to practice assessing are also considered, most notably around how practice assessors‟ conceptualise, make use of and understand the assessment process. It is also clear that disability, gender, ethnicity, class and sexuality also impact on the assessment process. For some practice assessors, ultimately the evidence of students' competence appears to rest on hope. It appears that some practice assessors are still giving students “the benefit of the doubt” a phrase coined thirty years ago by Brandon and Davies (1979) in a wide ranging but still very relevant study of the assessment of social work students in practice settings. Practice assessors thus find it difficult to fail students because of: Their lack of reflection about the intense emotions raised; The internalisation of these intense feelings; Lack of support from colleagues, the Higher Education Institute (HEI) and tutors; Lack of understanding about the process of assessment; Difficulties in managing the multifaceted role of the practice educator including the lack of acknowledgment of the gate keeping function.The dissertation concludes that although practice assessors have a very clear understanding of what behaviours might hypothetically cause a student to fail the practice learning opportunity, the reality is that not all practice assessors go on to fail the student. The high emotionality often associated with the process of managing a potentially failing student on placement often obscures the process. The thesis argues the need for practitioners to consider the intense feelings that arise in difficult practice learning opportunity situations in a more reflective, contained and considered manner. A number of ways forward have been suggested in light of these findings, including the need to pilot a reflective toolkit for practice assessors and students alike.

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Bångman, Gunnel. "Equity in welfare evaluations : The rationale for and effects of distributional weighting." Doctoral thesis, Örebro University, Department of Business, Economics, Statistics and Informatics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-309.

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This thesis addresses the issue of weighted cost-benefit analysis (WCBA). WCBA is a welfare evaluation model where income distribution effects are valued by distributional weighting. The method was developed already in the 1970s. The interest in and applications of this method have increased in the past decade, e.g. when evaluating of global environmental problems. There are, however, still unsolved problems regarding the application of this method. One such issue is the choice of the approach to the means of estimating of the distributional weights. The literature on WCBA suggests a couple of approaches, but gives no clues as to which one is the most appropriate one to use, either from a theoretical or from an empirical point of view. Accordingly, the choice of distributional weights may be an arbitrary one. In the first paper in this thesis, the consequences of the choice of distributional weights on project decisions have been studied. Different sets of distributional weights have been compared across a variety of strategically chosen income distribution effects. The distributional weights examined are those that correspond to the WCBA approaches commonly suggested in literature on the topic. The results indicate that the choice of distributional weights is of importance for the rank of projects only when the income distribution effects concern target populations with low incomes. The results also show that not only the mean income but also the span of incomes, of the target population of the income distribution effect, affects the result of the distributional weighting when applying very progressive non-linear distributional weights. This may cause the distributional weighting to indicate an income distribution effect even though the project effect is evenly distributed across the population.

One rational for distributional weighting, commonly referred to when applying WCBA, is that marginal utility of income is decreasing with income. In the second paper, this hypothesis is tested. My study contributes to this literature by employing stated preference data on compensated variation (CV) in a model flexible as to the functional form of the marginal utility. The results indicate that the marginal utility of income decreases linearly with income.

Under certain conditions, a decreasing marginal utility of income corresponds to risk aversion. Thus the hypothesis that marginal utility of income is decreasing with income can be tested by analyses of individuals’ behaviour in gambling situations. The third paper examines of the role of risk aversion, defined by the von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility function, for people’s concern about the problem of ‘sick’ buildings. The analysis is based on data on the willingness to pay (WTP) for having the indoor air quality (IAQ) at home examined and diagnosed by experts and the WTP for acquiring an IAQ at home that is guaranteed to be good. The results indicate that some of the households are willing to pay for an elimination of the uncertainty of the IAQ at home, even though they are not willing to pay for an elimination of the risks for building related ill health. The probability to pay, for an elimination of the uncertainty of the indoor air quality at home, only because of risk aversion is estimated to 0.3-0.4. Risk aversion seems to be a more common motive, for the decision to pay for a diagnosis of the IAQ at home, among young people.

Another rationale for distributional weighting, commonly referred to, is the existence of unselfish motives for economic behaviour, such as social inequality aversion or altruism. In the fourth paper the hypothesis that people have altruistic preferences, i.e. that they care about other people’s well being, is tested. The WTP for a public project, that ensures good indoor air quality in all buildings, have been measured in three different ways for three randomly drawn sub-samples, capturing different motives for economic behaviour (pure altruism, paternalism and selfishness). The significance of different questions, and different motives, is analysed using an independent samples test of the mean WTPs of the sub-samples, a chi-square test of the association between the WTP and the sample group membership and an econometric analysis of the decision to pay to the public project. No evidence for altruism, either pure altruism or paternalism, is found in this study.

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Zec, Slavica. "The Social and Geographical Isolation of Households in Rural African Areas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423428.

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The traditional policy evaluation approach mainly focuses on one specific policy parameter, typically the treatment status, while less attention has been given to the mechanisms through which development program operates. On other hand, in recent econometric literature there have been some significant developments in untangling the mechanisms of economic agents behavior, they shed light on preferences and technology parameters that are invariant to policy changes. The core of the thesis is to unlock the policy parameters in a unique World Bank programs in the challenging context of rural African economies, through acquiring knowledge about the causal mechanisms driving the change induced by the economic development policy. In the first part of the thesis, using a very unique setting of the World Bank infrastructure development program, I propose a strategy for the construction of building blocks that can be used as the ingredients of a structural system that explains the interconnection between the roads construction, access to markets and households' well being. I exploit the results from the innovative structural literature and apply them in under-developed economies setting, where standard economic theory often fails to explain the agents's behavior. The goal is to understand better the underlying developing economy principles, and to perform an ex-ante evaluation of the road construction on complex mechanisms of market exchange and welfare production function. This is interesting from both methodological and empirical point of view, as there are very few studies that apply newly developed structural econometric tools on real data. Moreover, in contrast to the carefully designed evaluations of many health and education initiatives in developing countries, our knowledge about the impacts of infrastructure projects has remained under-developed. In the second part of this thesis, I use the setting of The Gambia Community Driven Development Program, to explore the endogenous social network formation, that defines the dimensions of the informal economic exchange. The objective of the research is twofold: conduct an empirical research on a very rich dataset on social networks in rural Gambia, using the setting of the Community Driven Program Evaluation (CDDP) and focus on the endogenous link formation. The second goal is to disentangle the effect of the program that operates indirectly on the probability of forming a link, through modifying the existing network attributes or modifying exchange preferences of individuals; thus find convincing way to identify the program effect on preferences.
Il tradizionale approccio della valutazione delle politiche si concentra principalmente su un particolare parametro: in genere il treatment status, mentre una minore attenzione e stata volta verso i meccanismi attraverso i quali opera la politica in questione. Lo scopo principale di questa tesi e quello di acquisire di conoscenza dei meccanismi causali attraverso i quali una politica per lo sviluppo produce un e etto. Utilizzo il contesto delle piccole economie dell'Africa rurale, attraverso i due case study relativi ai progetti della Banca Mondiale (WB) nel campo dello sviluppo economico in Nigeria e in Gambia. Nella prima parte della tesi si considera un progetto WB della costruzione delle strade e si propone una strategia per la derivazione del marginal treatment effect come un ingrediente della l'interconnessione tra la costruzione delle strade, l'accesso ai mercati locali e il benessere delle famiglie nelle piccole economie rurali. La mia ricerca parte dalla letteratura che crea i ponti tra policy evaluation e approccio strutturale alla Heckman (2010) e fornisce una sua applicazione nel contesto di economia dello sviluppo, dove la classica teoria economica spesso non riesce a spiegare il comportamento degli individui. Dopo aver derivato il marginal treatment e ect dell'accesso al mercato al benessere delle famiglie, costruisco un setting per eseguire una valutazione ex-ante della componente infrastrutturale del programma. Nella seconda parte della tesi, considero il contesto di The Gambia Driven Development Program per esplorare i mechanismi della formazione endogena delle reti sociali, de nite dalle dimensioni dello scambio economico informale tra le famiglie nei villaggi. Gli scambi che consideriamo sono scambi tra le famiglie in termini di lavoro, credito, terra e mezzi di produzione. L'obiettivo della ricerca e duplice: condurre una ricerca empirica sfruttando i network sovrapposti dello scambio economico, cercando di ottenere una maggiore comprensione del ruolo del programma nella formazione delle reti sociali. L'obiettivo principale e quello di distinguere l'effetto del programma che opera indirettamente sulla probabilita di formare un link, attraverso le modi che delle preferenze individuali verso lo scambio economico.

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Meireles, Juliana Bellini 1988. "Primavera periférica : discursos da periferia na Internet." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270795.

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Orientador: Mónica Graciela Zoppi Fontana
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa visa entender o modo como o poeta Sérgio Vaz se constitui enquanto sujeito e autor nas redes sociais. Tal abordagem será discutida a partir de textos selecionados de autoria do poeta e disseminados por ele no Twitter e Facebook. A orientação teórica que guiará os estudos será a Análise do Discurso de perspectiva francesa e entre os aspectos observados estão os discursos sobre trajetória de vida, direitos fundamentais ao ser humano, tradições e crenças na literatura, a memória ressentida e o projeto pedagógico da literatura
Abstract: This research aims to understand how the poet Sergio Vaz is constituted as subject and author on social networks. Such approach is going to be discussed from selected texts by the poet that he disseminates on Twitter and Facebook. The theoretical orientation that guides the study is the Discourse Analysis from the French perspective. In addiction, the observed aspects are the discourses about life course, fundamental rights to human, traditions and beliefs in the literature, the resentful memory and the pedagogical project of the literature
Mestrado
Divulgação Científica e Cultural
Mestra em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

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Murray, Roy James. ""The man that says slaves be quite happy in slavery ... is either ignorant or a lying person ... " an account of slavery in the marginal colonies of the British West Indies /." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/653/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2001.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Economic and Social History, University of Glasgow, 2001. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

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Vandenberg, Vincent. "L'affamé, le marginal et le sauvage: pratiques et représentations de l'anthropophagie en Occident entre Antiquité et Moyen Age." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210162.

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Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à l’étude de l’un des tabous majeurs des sociétés humaines :la consommation par un individu de la chair ou de toute autre substance issue de ses semblables, autrement dit l’anthropophagie (ou cannibalisme). Selon une approche inédite, la problématique a été abordée dans toute la diversité de ses manifestations, au travers d’une documentation très variée, tant textuelle qu’iconographique, dans le cadre de l’Antiquité grecque et latine et au sein du Moyen Age occidental (latin surtout). L’objectif de la recherche était de mettre en évidence les pratiques, les discours et l’imaginaire d’un comportement alimentaire radicalement étranger aux normes culturelles des périodes et des lieux envisagés.

Le plan de la thèse est conçu comme un parcours débutant et s’achevant aux confins du monde (le cannibalisme de « l’Autre »), tandis que le cœur du travail est consacré au cannibalisme de « l’intérieur », celui des affamés et des marginaux surtout. Tout naturellement, l’attention se focalise d’abord sur Homère et la confrontation d’Ulysse avec le Cyclope, qui installe dans la tradition l’imaginaire du pasteur des confins du monde, grand amateur de chair humaine. Hérodote, quant à lui, construit l’image d’un monde connu dont les frontières sont occupées par des peuples qui apprécient bien souvent la chair humaine. Là encore, le pasteur nomade est synonyme de sauvagerie. Une telle tradition perdure chez les auteurs latins antiques et médiévaux, qui reprennent à leur compte les anciens anthropophages en les déplaçant parfois, en les multipliant éventuellement. Mappae mundi médiévales, récits de voyage et descriptions du monde maintiennent dans les siècles qui suivent les mangeurs de chair humaine aux marges du monde, là où Colomb s’attendra plus tard à les trouver.

Le rôle du cannibalisme en tant que marqueur d’altérité trouve un écho très fort dans la marginalisation de certains groupes ou individus au sein même des sociétés antiques ou médiévales. A notamment été développé le cas des accusations de cet ordre portées contre les premiers Chrétiens. Le danger représenté par le franchissement de la norme fait naître par inversion des pratiques ou des croyances qui visent à exploiter les potentialités curatives ou « magiques » de la consommation de substances humaines :en témoignent le controversé cannibalisme médical ainsi que le matériel offert par les pénitentiels médiévaux. Un bref chapitre s’attache à un autre genre de comportements en marge :des scènes de cannibalisme censées avoir constitué le point culminant d’épisodes de violence collective.

Une grande attention a été accordée au cannibalisme de survie, le recours à la chair humaine comme nourriture de substitution en période de famine. Le passage de l’incompréhension antique face à un comportement indigne de l’homme à l’assimilation par la pensée chrétienne de ce type de cannibalisme à un fléau divin a été largement traité. La longue tradition médiévale des récits, issus de Flavius Josèphe, relatant la consommation d’un enfant par sa mère au cours du siège de Jérusalem a permis de démontrer la force de la présence du thème du cannibalisme dans l’imaginaire médiéval en tant que sanction divine. Une ample documentation a pu être réévaluée à la lumière de ce constat, ce qui a notamment permis de montrer de quelle façon l’évocation du cannibalisme pouvait être instrumentalisée afin de signifier la présence d’une sanction divine.

Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Parreira, Fernanda Ramos. "Corpo marginal: o processo de inclusão social nas políticas públicas desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Municipal de Esporte e Lazer, no município de Goiânia, entre 1997 e 2013." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3452.

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This dissertation takes as its object of study the public policy of sport and leisure, particularly public policy of sport and leisure developed by the municipal administration of the city of Goiania from the period of creation of the Municipal Sports and Leisure in 1997, up the year 2013. Through case study of the Program "Caminhando com Saúde" can be observed in the socio-political configuration of the field of sport and leisure in goianiense context, and understand its relation with the social inclusion process. This study is inspired by the Bourdieu studies of, in particular in the field theory to understand the dynamics of institutionalization of certain types of public policy for the field of sport and leisure, coupled with the theory of the public policy process, the model in question coalition of advocacy framework developed by Sabatier and Weible, which argues that the process of construction of public policy is linked to beliefs, values and ideas of actors involved in the dispute by the type of policy to be implemented. Moreover, the work converses with specific theories in the area of sport and leisure seeking to understand the phenomenon of sports and leisure practices associated with social and political configuration of contemporary society and for that, returns to the studies of Norbert Elias, regarding the theory of process civilization, to understand sociogenesis sport and leisure and its influence in shaping modern Western society. About the research methodological process was based on the qualitative approach and exploratory. Was used as the methods and techniques to document analysis, direct observation and content analysis. The application of interviews with the actors involved was held to "Caminhando com Saúde" program, users, physical education professionals and public administrator. Results showed that limitations concern public policies of sport and leisure in the city of Goiânia resulting from various factors, such as the low budget allocated to institutional folder, low interest authorizing body to foster and improve the implemented programs and nonparticipation of technical and community body in the design, implementation and mainly reviewed the policies implemented by SEMEL.
A presente dissertação toma por objeto de estudo as políticas públicas de esporte e lazer, em especial as políticas públicas de esporte e lazer desenvolvidas pela gestão municipal da cidade de Goiânia desde o período de criação da Secretaria Municipal de Esporte e Lazer, em 1997, até o ano de 2013. Por meio de estudo de caso do Programa “Caminhando com Saúde” podese observar a configuração político-social do campo de esporte e lazer no contexto goianiense, e perceber sua relação junto ao processo de inclusão social. Este estudo inspirou-se nos estudos bourdieusianos, em específico na teoria de campos, para compreender a dinâmica de institucionalização de determinados tipos de política pública para o campo de esporte e lazer, associado à teoria do processo de política pública, em questão o modelo de coalizão de defesa (Advocacy Coalition Framework), desenvolvido por Sabatier e Weible, no qual se argumenta que o processo de construção de política pública está vinculado às crenças, aos valores e às ideias dos atores envolvidos na disputa pelo tipo de política a ser implementada. Ademais, o trabalho dialoga com teorias específicas da área de esporte e lazer, buscando entender o fenômeno esportivo e as práticas de lazer associadas à conformação social e política da sociedade contemporânea. Para tanto, retorna aos estudos de Elias, no tocante à teoria de processo civilizador, para compreender a sociogênese do esporte e do lazer e sua influência na configuração da sociedade ocidental moderna. Acerca do processo metodológico, a pesquisa pautou-se na abordagem qualitativa, de cunho exploratório. Utilizou-se como métodos e técnicas a análise documental, a observação direta e a análise de conteúdo. Foram realizadas entrevistas junto aos atores envolvidos no Programa “Caminhando com Saúde”, aos usuários, aos profissionais de educação física e ao gestor público. Os resultados permitiram observar que as limitações concernentes às políticas públicas de esporte e lazer na cidade de Goiânia decorrem de diversos fatores, como o baixo orçamento destinado à pasta institucional, o baixo interesse do corpo gestor em fomentar e melhorar os programas implantados e a não participação do corpo técnico e da comunidade no processo de elaboração, implementação e, principalmente, na avaliação das políticas desenvolvidas pela SEMEL.

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Zumaêta, Gardenia Mascarenhas de Oliveira. "Influência de dois sistemas adesivos e de duas técnicas de fotopolimerização na microinfiltração marginal de restaurações Classe V após preparo com alta rotação e condicionamento com laser de Er:YAG." Programa de Pós- Graduação em Odontologia da UFBA, 2004. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10523.

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O propósito deste estudo In Vitro foi avaliar a influência de dois sistemas adesivos e de duas técnicas de fotoativação na microinfiltração marginal de restaurações Classe V após preparo com alta rotação e condicionamento com laser de Er:YAG. Este estudo propôs-se ainda a verificar, através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, a interface resina/dentina e resina/esmalte todos os grupos experimentais. Foram selecionados cento e doze terceiros molares inferiores os quais foram divididos em dezesseis grupos sendo oitenta dentes para o estudo da microinfiltração marginal (grupos I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII e VIII) e trinta e dois para a análise através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (grupos A, B, C, D, E, F, G e H). Em todos os grupos foram preparadas cavidades Classe V, sendo que nos grupos V, E, VI, F, VII, G, VIII e H, após o preparo cavitário, foi feito o condicionamento do esmalte e da dentina com laser de Er:YAG (Kavo Key Laser, 250mW, 3Hz, 300 impulsos). Os grupos I, A, V e E foram restaurados com o sistema Prime & Bond NT/Esthet X e fotoativados com luz halógena; os grupos II, B, VI e F foram restaurados com o sistema Prime & Bond NT/Esthet X e fotoativados com laser de Argônio (l = 488nm); os grupos III, C, VI e G foram restaurados com o sistema Single Bond/Z250 e fotoativados com luz halógena; e os grupos IV, D, VIII e H foram restaurados com o sistema Single Bond/Z250 e fotoativados com laser de Argônio (l = 488nm). Foi empregado o teste Mann Whintey para o estudo de microinfiltração marginal e os resultados mostraram diferenças significativas (p<0,05) em dentina entre os grupos condicionados com laser de Er:YAG quando o sistema restaurador foi alterado, mostrando menores níveis de infiltração do corante quando o sistema Single Bond/Z250 foi utilizado, independente da fonte de luz empregada (comparação entre os grupos V e VII e grupos VI e VIII). Estas diferenças foram constatadas à luz da microscopia eletrônica de varredura que mostrou nos grupos G e H ausência de fendas e uma maior lisura de superfície sugestivas de um melhor imbricamento micromecânico. Utilizando-se o sistema Single Bond o laser de Argônio apresentou menores níveis de microinfiltração marginal do que a luz halógena (comparação entre os grupos VII e VIII). Em todos os grupos restaurados com o sistema Prime & Bond NT/Esthet X foi verificada a presença de fendas na interface resina/dentina e resina/ esmalte, iguais ou superiores a 10µm. Nas condições experimentais deste estudo pôde-se concluir que o uso do sistema SingleBond/Z250 fotoativado com o laser de Argônio propiciou menores níveis de microinfiltração marginal e um excelente imbricamento micromecânico, observado sob microscopia eletrônica de varredura, sendo mais adequado para a realização de restaurações em cavidades Classe V condicionadas com laser de Er:YAG.
Salvador

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Grigsby, Alan V. "Men on the Edge: A Qualitative Investigation of Marginality, Stress, and Social Support among Black Male Student-Athletes at a Predominantly White University." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1343418172.

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Osman, Kleber. "Determinantes da procura por investimento em previdência privada: uma estimativa Logit." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20405.

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A crise previdenciária vivenciada no decorrer dos últimos anos mostrou que seus impactos não se restringem ao desequilíbrio das contas públicas devido ao aumento dessas despesas obrigatórias, mas também efeitos sociais e econômicos negativos podem atingir toda a economia brasileira. Diante disso, esforços se direcionaram na tentativa de encontrar uma alternativa que permita desonerar as contas públicas para evitar uma crise na economia local, assim como garantir que os aposentados mantenham a mesma renda frente ao salário recebido anteriormente à aposentadoria. Neste sentido, este estudo investiga o perfil dos investidores em previdência privada, visando detectar as principais características que os diferenciam. A análise do perfil dos indivíduos que contribuem para planos de previdência privada permite que políticas de incentivo a este produto sejam melhores desenhadas e, possibilita à iniciativa privada o seu direcionamento ao público-alvo de forma mais eficiente – uma vez reveladas as variáveis socioeconômicas de maior relevância. O método utilizado na indicação desses fatores baseia-se na estimação LOGIT, que tem como objetivo principal auferir quais são as variáveis com maiores ganhos marginais que afetam a probabilidade do indivíduo participar de plano de previdência privada. E, com base nos resultados, constatou-se que as variáveis 'educação' e 'renda' são preponderantes para a inscrição do indivíduo em plano de previdência privada.
The social security crisis experienced in recent years has shown that its impacts are not restricted to the imbalance of public accounts due to the increase in these compulsory expenses, but also negative social and economic effects can affect the entire Brazilian economy. In the face of this, efforts were directed towards finding an alternative that would allow public accounts to be discharged to avoid a crisis in the local economy, as well as ensuring that retirees maintain the same income against the salary received prior to retirement. In this sense, this study investigates the profile of private pension investors in order to detect the main characteristics that differentiate them. The analysis of the profile of individuals contributing to private pension plans allows policies to encourage this product to be better designed and allows the private sector to target the target public more efficiently - once the socioeconomic variables of greater relevance. The method used to indicate these factors is based on the LOGIT estimation, whose main objective is to determine which are the variables with the greatest marginal gains that affect the probability of the individual participating in a private pension plan. And, based on the results, it was verified that the variables 'education' and 'income' are preponderant for the inscription of the individual in private pension plan.

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Andersson, Mats. "Empirical Essays on Railway Infrastructure Costs in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4398.

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Rose, Dale Joseph. "Our Master’s Legacy: Belief and Ritual in Mission De L’esprit Saint." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1526.

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This thesis is a folkloristic examination of the religious beliefs and rituals associated with members of a religious movement known as Mission De L’Ésprit Saint. Mission De L’Ésprit Saint is a Quebecois religious denomination which believes that their founder was the physical incarnation of the Holy Spirit, and the movement strives to continue the teachings which were laid down during his lifetime. The major components of Mission theology and history, as well as an introductory consideration of their cosmology and worldview will be the major focus of this document, as well as a consideration of the role that Folklore has in understanding marginal religious movements.

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Bin, Marco Antonio. "As redes de escrituras nas periferias de São Paulo: a palavra como manifestação de cidadania." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2920.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of the work is to examine the processes which take the resident population of the suburbs of São Paulo to participate in the evenings poetics, produce which marginal texts (lyrical and prosaic). And in that case, evoking it as well, in what as the poetic performance is established. It indeed amuses with the recitations. My object of study is two evenings poetic, situated in the sector of the Southwest of São Paulo: that of Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, district of M' Boi Mirim) and that of Binho (Campo Limpo, homonymous district). My theoretical references includes the literature which analyzes the concept of territory and the processes of social and space organization in the city of São Paulo of the circles of the century XX in our days, when I remove the aspects of the urban segregation. As examine the methodology, I try to analyze the territory of the city, the evolution of the reproduction of the space along time, for then to carry out an approach of the pedaço, the quebrada, the place where the writing eccentric is unfolded. I try then to discuss the forms of this act, its appeal to a peripheral identity, her poetic performance, finishing with their unfolding in deprived territories of the city, as cultural events for besides evenings
O objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar os processos que levam a população residente das periferias de São Paulo a participar dos saraus poéticos, seja produzindo o que chamo de escritura marginal (poética ou em prosa) e nesse caso, também evocando-a, no que se constitui a performance poética seja entretendo-se com as declamações. Meu objeto de estudo são dois saraus poéticos, localizados na região sudoeste da cidade de São Paulo: o da Cooperifa (Chácara Santana, subprefeitura do M´Boi Mirim) e o do Binho (Campo Limpo, subprefeitura homônima). Utilizo como referenciais teóricos a literatura que analisa, do ponto de vista geográfico e sociológico, o conceito de território e os processos de organização socioespacial da cidade de São Paulo, desde meados do século XX até os nossos dias, quando destaco os aspectos da segregação urbana. Como metodologia de pesquisa, procuro discutir a formulação do território urbano, a evolução da reprodução do espaço ao longo do tempo, para então realizar uma aproximação do pedaço, da quebrada, a localidade onde se pratica a escritura marginal. Procuro então avaliar as formas e os conteúdos dessa escritura, seu apelo a uma identidade periférica, sua apresentação performática, concluindo com seus desdobramentos nos territórios da precariedade, como manifestações culturais para além dos saraus

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Lindberg, Per Olov. "Aspects of Static Multi-Class Traffic equilibria under Congestion Pricing." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Transport and Location Analysis, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12963.

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Congestion charging is a now accepted means of influencing traffic to behave in a more socio-economic optimal way, like e.g. in the Stockholm project. Already early work, in the 1920’s, showed that road use can be inefficient due externalities, i.e. that users don’t experience their own (negative) effect on other users: an extra car on a traffic link causes delays for other cars, but the driver himself does not experience this cost.In the 1950’s it was further shown - for a congested road network with homogeneous users – that if each user is charged a toll equal to the total value of time loss incurred on other users of the network, then -if we have fixed travel demand - this will induce an equilibrium that is system optimal in the sense that the total cost of network usage is minimal (assuming that all users have fixed and identical time values). But toll charges need to be levied in monetary units, and different travelers have different values of time. Therefore, to account for the effects of tolls, and to be able to compute equilibria, one needs to introduce different user classes, differing in their time values.

In this thesis, consisting of four papers, we study congestion pricing of road networks with users differing only in their time values. In particular, we analyze marginal social cost (MSC) pricing, a tolling scheme that charges each user a penalty corresponding to the value of the delays inflicted on other users, as well as its implementation through fixed tolls.

Paper III contains the main theoretical work of the thesis. In that paper we show that the variational inequalities characterizing the equilibria in question can be stated in symmetric or non-symmetric forms. The symmetric forms correspond to optimization problems, convex in the fixed-toll case and non-convex in the MSC case, which hence may have multiple equilibria. The objective of the latter problem is the total value of travel time, which thus is minimized at the global optima of that problem. Implementing close-to-optimal MSC tolls as fixed tolls leads to equilibria with possibly non-unique class specific flows, but with identical close-to-optimal values of the total value of travel time. Finally we give an adaptation, to the MSC setting, of the Frank-Wolfe algorithm, which is further applied to some test cases, including Stockholm.

Paper I is an early application using Frank-Wolfe, after having realized the possibility to symmetrize the problem.

Paper II gives a convexification of non-convex equilibrium problem for MSC tolls. We have used these convexifications to compute lower bounds when computing equilibria.

Paper IV is a short note commenting some flaws in two papers by Dial on MSC tolls.

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Tosoni, María Magdalena. "Las organizaciones sociales y la participación de los sectores populares." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, 2013. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/7310.

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La presente investigación tiene como objetivos: comprender la experiencia de desigualdad objetiva y simbólica de los sectores populares del Gran Mendoza para explicar las prácticas y las formas de percepción y apreciación desde las cuales interpretan su posición en el espacio social, su lugar en la ciudad y su participación en organizaciones sociales; dar cuenta del surgimiento, conformación y estrategias de las organizaciones de sectores populares e identificar las formas de participación: las relaciones, las disputas, los conflictos, los compromisos y las expectativas de sus integrantes. Frente a la frecuente adjudicación de las causas de la miseria a los propios pobres que realizan los medios de comunicación y muchos funcionarios estatales, agentes sociales o educativos, en esta tesis se busca escapar a la “ilusión empirista" de creer que las causas de las estrategias de las organizaciones populares se localizan en los enclaves de pobreza urbana y dar cuenta de las mismas en relación a los cambios operados en el mercado de trabajo, en las políticas sociales, en la seguridad social, en el territorio urbano, entre otros ámbitos. La relación entre espacio social y el lugar en la ciudad es fundamental para explicar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes de los barrios del Sudeste de Godoy Cruz.
Fil: Tosoni, María Magdalena. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales.

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Rosales, León Raúl Fernando. "Para ver más allá de lo evidente : etnohistoria urbana, cultura y poder en el sector marginal-urbano San Juan Masías, San Borja, Lima : 1972-2006." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2900.

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La presente tesis es el resultado de una investigación etnohistórica urbana desde la perspectiva teórica de los Estudios Subalternos, en que analizo el caso del sector marginal-urbano San Juan Masías (1972 – 2006) ubicado en el distrito San Borja en Lima Metropolitana. Uno de los objetivos de la presente investigación es mostrar que la indiferencia social no sólo se da en las largas distancias geográficas, sino que se sustentan en “omisiones políticas y ciudadanas” que pueden darse en relación a cualquier lugar del país: tan cerca como tan lejos. Estas acciones y omisiones están registradas en la memoria individual y colectiva de los pobladores de San Juan Masías, mostrando una estrecha relación entre historia, cultura y poder. En el periodo de la investigación etnográfica (2000 - 2006) varios de mis amigos, familiares y colegas se mostraban escépticos cuando les contaba que hacía trabajo de campo en una tradicional fiesta patronal en el distrito de San Borja. Algunos pensaban que se trataba de una broma, comentando: “sí las fiestas patronales sólo se celebran en las provincias o en los conos de la ciudad”. Se puede apreciar este inmóvil e impermeable gráfico social que evidencia la internalización de una imagen moderna del distrito de San Borja que, por ende, niega la realidad popular de San Juan Masías.
Tesis

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Borges, Juliana Queiroz. "O impacto da ocupação de fundos de vale em áreas urbanas. Caso: Córrego do Gregório - São Carlos (SP)." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4200.

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The present work proposes a debate that interrelates three areas of knowledge urbanization, urban drainage and social segregation and has the main purpose to analyze the occupation of river marginal areas in urban places as the main cause for temporary social segregation. It also proposes a discussion about this impact caused by the occurrence of floods. The research strategy used is the study of an exploratory single case made in the city of São Carlos-SP, more specifically in the central area belonging to the Gregório River Basin, characterized for having solid occupation with great commercial activity. Besides theoretical basis, we have done a research on how many floods have occurred during 1995 and 2005, in the works fulfilled by the City Government, and also interviews with five groups of social actors. The results obtained with the conclusion of the work had, in its greatest parts, a social and educational value, involving consciousness of the necessity of environment preservation; of the eventually irreversible damages caused by the occupation of environmentally fragile areas, such as floodable fertile valleys. The research has also been detached as a relevant instrument to subsidize new debates and researches. As far as the social actors are included, we have verified that the most damaged ones in the cases of floods, in the unity of analysis, were the businessmen, and 70% of these consider themselves victims of temporary social segregation. This way, it was possible to confirm the main hypothesis of the work: temporary social segregation can be considered a consequence of inadequate occupation of river marginal areas in urban places, and this may involve lots of situations, including the ones that do not refer to the condition of poverty and misery.
A presente pesquisa se insere em um debate que inter-relaciona três áreas de conhecimento urbanização, drenagem urbana e exclusão social e tem como objetivo principal analisar a ocupação de fundos de vale em áreas urbanas como agente indutor da exclusão social temporária, propondo uma discussão sobre esse impacto causado pela ocorrência de inundações. A estratégia de pesquisa utilizada é a de estudo de caso único exploratório realizado na cidade de São Carlos SP, mais especificamente, na região central pertencente à Bacia do Córrego do Gregório, caracterizada por possuir ocupação consolidada, com grande atividade comercial. Além do embasamento teórico, foram realizados levantamentos das inundações ocorridas no período entre 1995 a 2005, das obras realizadas pela Prefeitura Municipal e também, entrevistas com cinco grupos de atores sociais. Os resultados obtidos com a conclusão da pesquisa foram, em grande parte, de valor social e educacional, envolvendo a conscientização com relação à necessidade da preservação ambiental; aos danos causados - muitas vezes irreversíveis - pela ocupação de áreas ambientalmente frágeis, como as várzeas inundáveis e, também se configurou como instrumento relevante para subsidiar novas pesquisas e debates. Com relação aos atores sociais, verificou-se que os maiores prejudicados com as inundações na unidade de análise são os comerciantes e 70% desses, se consideraram vítimas da exclusão social temporária. Nesse sentido, foi possível comprovar a hipótese principal de pesquisa: A exclusão social temporária pode ser considerada uma conseqüência da ocupação inadequada das áreas urbanas de fundo de vale, podendo abranger inúmeras situações, inclusive as que não se referem à condição de pobreza e miséria.

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Adler, Aurélie. "Éclats de vies muettes. Figures du minuscule et du marginal dans les récits de vie d'Annie Ernaux, Pierre Michon, Pierre Bergounioux et François Bon." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030104.

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Les récits de vie d’Annie Ernaux, Pierre Michon, Pierre Bergounioux et François Bon tentent de témoigner des figures oubliées de l’arbre généalogique et des figures laissées pour compte de la société contemporaine. En écho aux mutations épistémologiques des sciences humaines dans les années 1960-1970, ces quatre auteurs entendent écrire l’Histoire non plus du point de vue des hommes illustres, mais du point de vue des anonymes. La mise en récit des sans-voix participe d’un renouvellement des paradigmes de la narration dans les dernières décennies du XXème siècle. Les figures sans histoire semblent en effet induire des processus de réduction et de marginalisation du genre romanesque. La trame des vies muettes se déroule sur le mode de l’éclat, bribes de la mémoire ou jaillissement incisif d’un réel à vif. La ténuité des archives, le maintien d’un soupçon éthique et poétique quant à la reconfiguration narrative de ces vies réelles conduisent l’écrivain à délaisser les formes périmées du roman réaliste. Ils le poussent aussi à questionner l’écart social et culturel avec ces demi-autres, mués en autant de miroirs de soi en éclats. Travaillées d’hypothèses personnelles, analytiques ou fantasmatiques, ces narrations au genre hybride font apparaître une figure d’auteur majuscule problématique, latérale et brisée, nourrie d’une incertitude épistémique majeure. Ces identités narratives diffractées – personnages et auteurs – interrogent en retour l’histoire de la littérature, sa place et sa puissance de résistance dans la société d’aujourd’hui
Annie Ernaux, Pierre Michon, Pierre Bergounioux and François Bon's life-narratives attempt to bear witness to the genealogical tree of forgotten names and overlooked figures of contemporary society. In dialogue with the epistemological mutations of the social sciences in the 1960's and 1970's, these four authors will work to write History, not from the point of view of the illustrious, but from the point of view of the anonymous. Telling the stories of the voiceless contributes to the renewal of narrative paradigms in the last decades of the 20th century. These figures without history seem to conduce to a process of reduction and marginalization of the novelistic genre itself. The plot of these muted lives unfolds in the form of fragments, snatches from memory or sudden surges of raw reality. The scarcity of archives, the sustained suspicion, both ethical and poetical, regarding the narrative reconfiguration of these real lives lead the writer to abandon the outdated forms of the realistic novel. Such factors also question the social and cultural gap with these « half-others », turned into so many reflections of the self in a shattered mirror. Wrought with personal hypotheses, whether analytical or fantasised, these hybrid narratives reveal a problematic image of the Author, as a lateral and broken entity, informed by major epistemic doubts. In return, these diffracted narrative identities – characters as well as authors – raise questions as to the history of literature, its place and its power of resistance in today's society

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Social marginal'

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