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Engdahl, Karin. ""Vi äter mask!" Den organiserade rörelselekens betydelse för barns utveckling." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35898.
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Den motoriska utvecklingen är en viktig del i barns utveckling och för att den ska bli så bra som möjligt måste barnet lära känna sin kropp för att kunna utvecklas. Därför måste det finnas tillgångar till olika men samtidigt bra möjligheter för lek och lärande. Läroplanen för förskolan, LpFö98, tar upp att verksamheten ska vara stimulerande och utmanande för barnens lärande och det är en del av pedagogernas uppgifter. Mitt syfte är att utveckla förståelse för vad förskollärare ser för samband mellan den organiserade rörelseleken och barns utveckling. Jag vill även ta reda på hur förskollärare arbetar med den organiserade rörelseleken vad de praktiskt gör under rörelseleken. Undersökningen genomfördes kvalitativt genom intervjuer med sju pedagoger verksamma inom förskolan. Resultatet av min studie visar att förskollärarna anser att den organiserade rörelseleken ligger som grund för barnens motoriska utveckling. Pedagogerna beskriver sitt arbetssätt bestående av olika ”broar” mellan den motoriska utvecklingen och barns lärande, som till exempel: utveckling av kroppsliga förmågor, självkänsla och koncentration. ”Broarna” är förutsättningar för att barn ska lära och utvecklas.
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Lampard, Pete. "Understanding culture in social movements : a historical materialist approach to the Guy Fawkes mask." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/understanding-culture-in-social-movements-a-historical-materialist-approach-to-the-guy-fawkes-mask(e8f4232c-a0aa-4970-b335-1fd651d01eb0).html.
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Social movement scholarship has been slower to incorporate cultural theory than other domains since the 'cultural turn' within social science and the humanities. The leading perspectives in this regard, within studies of social movements, have been frame alignment and those looking to understand 'new social movements'. While these bring culture into focus through a wealth of literature since the 1970s and 1980s, this thesis argues that they remain inadequate in understanding the full role of culture. While the former rely too heavily on static, overly instrumental, powerless and voluntarist notions of culture, due in part to their early affiliation with the resource mobilization paradigm, the latter create an altogether too ideational notion of culture, overlooking the importance of material distribution and one's social position in the production and reproduction of culture. It is the contention of the author that social movement scholarship requires a more comprehensive and holistic approach to culture. This thesis therefore offers an original contribution in arguing for a historical materialist approach to social movements and culture that foregrounds the ideas of Antonio Gramsci and Raymond Williams. This perspective, by contrast, provides an approach to culture that is dynamic, historical, and appreciative of the role of power. In order to show the added value and utility of a historical materialist approach to culture, this thesis provides a detailed and concrete application of the theory to a specific social movement and its use of popular cultural artefact that has received growing attention in recent years for its apparent worldwide diffusion: the Guy Fawkes mask. Through a protest event analysis this research first of all establishes the extent of this diffusion and thus the mask's significance across diverse protest groups. In order to explore the practice of adopting the mask in more detail, this research uses one of the main contexts in which the mask has been employed for further analysis: the Occupy Movement (specifically Occupy London). Through interviews with participants of Occupy London, this research makes the argument that popular cultural forms are made available for use over time through previous human activity, and therefore that their use is both enabled and constrained by wider social and material factors. It also argues that the mask's availability as a practice is subject to cultural contestation and its capacity, due to these wider contextual factors, to resonate with different groups. The argument in this thesis is that existing approaches (such as framing and new social movement theories) fail to bring about such necessary discussions around culture, and that through a historical materialist framework it is possible to more sufficiently analyse the power-laden, conditioned, and ever-changing basis from which such practices emerge and diffuse.
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Versa, Cezar Roberto. "O teatro de Plínio Marcos: linguagem e mascaramento social." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2007. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/2392.
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-02<br>Os anos 60 e 70 do século XX representam um período de vasta produção artística e cultural no Brasil, contudo a censura foi o maior dilema encontrado pelos artistas, escritores e dramaturgos, que acabavam tendo suas produções proibidas. No teatro, grandes escritores produzem nessa época, como Nelson Rodrigues (1912-1980), Jorge Andrade (1922-1994), e Plínio Marcos (1933 -1999); cada qual em seu estilo, no entanto, censurados por suas produções. Esta pesquisa apresenta um estudo da peça Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966) de Plínio Marcos, a qual tematiza os conflitos de grupos sociais minoritários e marginalizados na sociedade. Com uma linguagem repleta de gírias e palavras obscenas, as peças do autor chocavam, tanto os que as viam quanto às autoridades, que entendiam tal procedimento como uma afronta ao regime, uma vez que tal situação desvelava um processo de desordem dentro da ordem instituída pelo governo militar. As obras de Plínio Marcos revelam um segmento do Brasil em que os indivíduos precisam encarar um mundo sem perspectiva e esperança. Suas peças criadas para serem transitórias imagens de um momento de turbulência transformaram-se em retratos perenes de uma estrutura social e econômica inexorável. Contudo, deve-se ressaltar que o intuito do dramaturgo, segundo ele mesmo, não era meramente protestar, já que entendia que suas produções mostravam as pessoas como elas eram, o modo como se comportavam e aquilo que diziam. A partir desta reflexão, postula-se nesse trabalho o aspecto contracultural da linguagem explorada em sua obra. Pretende-se, desse modo, refletir como a linguagem tornou-se dentro do texto dramático de Plínio Marcos uma ferramenta de execração de dilemas e conflitos sócio-histórico-culturais do Brasil de 1960 até final dos anos 1970. O processo do desvelamento de uma linguagem crua se apega no uso contínuo de gírias e palavrões, visando atingir o outro ou a própria sociedade. Para se entender esse processo, recorre-se aos conceitos de dialogia, polifonia e carnavalização da teoria bakhtiniana, uma vez que no bojo da linguagem das suas personagens há uma série de vozes, que carregam ideologias asseveradas pela realidade social em que vivem, além de ressaltar o uso da linguagem enquanto uma arma de combate à posição ocupada na sociedade, na qual a gíria e o palavrão objetivam ferir ou rebaixar o outro em um diálogo. Na atualidade, as gírias são enquadradas dentro da perspectiva de linguagens especiais. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se pauta em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em que jornais e revistas dão suporte para a revisão da fortuna crítica do dramaturgo, e que teóricos do âmbito da linguagem, da sociologia, da antropologia, da literatura e do teatro embasam a fundamentação teórica, a exemplo de Magaldi (1998), Bornheim (1992), Schwarz (1992), Artaud (2006), DaMatta (1997), Preti (1981), Adorno e Horkheimer (1985), entre outros. Feita a revisão bibliográfica e documental, o direcionamento dos conceitos teóricos incide na análise da peça, objeto de estudo, Dois perdidos numa noite suja (1966), de Plínio Marcos. É mister destacar que a análise se pauta e evidencia-se a partir do texto dramático e não em suas vias de encenação e dramaticidade das montagens já feitas. Parte-se do texto para elucidar o quão vasto e completo o mesmo é, embora carregado de uma linguagem coloquial, em que a informalidade e a marginalidade fulguram como eixos centrais.
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Vandi, Mattia. "Detecting Face Masks and Social Distancing Against COVID-19 with Embedded Systems and Deep Learning Technologies." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Social distancing and face mask wearing have been proven as effective measures against the spread of the infectious COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, individuals are still adapting to COVID-19 regulations. In fact, you can often see people in public places wearing face masks incorrectly or not wearing face masks at all, besides not tracking the required two meters (6 feet) distance between themselves and their surroundings.
An active surveillance system that can both determine whether or not a person is wearing a face mask and tracking distances between individuals would be able to correctly report when they are at risk of being exposed to the disease. Thus, such active surveillance system would be able to keep people safer and slow down the spread of the disease.
On the other hand, recording data and labeling individuals who do not follow the measures would breach individuals' rights in free societies. Thus, in this work we present a deep learning-based real-time social distancing monitoring and face mask detection system considering two important ethical factors: (i) the system should never record/cache data, and no human supervisor should be in the detection loop.
Given the limited computational capabilities of embedded devices, achieving near real-time processing times while still retaining high accuracy in terms of both object localization and classification is an extremely challenging task. To this end, a trade-off between inference speed and detection accuracy must be found.
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Zhou, Guangyu [Verfasser]. "The Interplay of Social-Cognitive Constructs in Health Behavior Change : Studies on Nutrition, Hand Washing, Oral Hygiene, Sun Protection, Face Mask Use, and Physical Activity / Guangyu Zhou." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075493684/34.
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Winther, Tine. "Men vad är det du gör? : Om arbetet med unga i svåra livssituationer med fokus på livsberättelsen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Centrum för praktisk kunskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33446.
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Title of this master thesis is “But what are you doing? Working with young people in difficult life situations focusing on the life stories.” Through practical knowledge theory, I will try to find ways to depict knowledge that cannot be fully explained in models or methods. I want to highlight what my career is about. I'm not a social worker, I'm not a therapist, a bit of an behaviourist, but without an exam. I do this by showing how I work with the individual's life stories, helping young people in vulnerable life situations to gain an understanding of their skills, abilities and interests. I have a narrative starting point in my work. By this I mean that through my conversations with young adults and their networks, are interested in how people use and relate to their life stories. I have also given some examples of how I use fictional stories like as a mask, to help the individual reflect on their own life situation. Through conversations with young adults and professional partners I have tried to show how I work for the individual to own his own process.<br>Genom praktisk kunskapsteori försöker jag finna vägar att gestalta den kunskap som inte fullständigt kan förklaras i modeller eller metoder. Jag vill belysa vad min yrkesroll går ut på. Jag är inte socionom, jag är inte terapeut, lite beteendevetare, men utan examen. Jag gör detta genom att visa hur jag arbetar med individens livsberättelser, hjälper unga i utsatta livssituationer att få syn på sina färdigheter, förmågor och intressen. Jag har i mitt arbete en narrativ utgångspunkt. Med det menar jag att genom mina samtal med unga och deras nätverk är intresserad av hur människor använder och förhåller sig till sina livsberättelser. Jag har också givit några exempel på hur jag använder fiktiva berättelser som mask, för att hjälpa individen att reflektera kring den egna livssituationen. Genom samtal med unga vuxna och professionella samverkansparter har jag försökt visa hur jag arbetar för att individen ska äga sin egen process.
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Andersson, Cecilia. "Dags för samling! En studie om samlingens form och genomförande i förskolan." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31191.
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Detta examensarbete är en studie i hur samlingen iscensätts och skapas av de som deltar i den. Syftet är att utforska hur olika aktörer skapar samlingen utifrån hur dessa tar plats i samlingen. Fokus ligger på att finna de aktörer som formar samlingen, vilken betydelse förskollärarens roll har och hur hen framträder för att nå fram till sitt planerade syfte, samt om det finns gemensamma regler och på vilket sätt dessa upprätthålls. För att studera detta har jag utgått från Latours Actor -network- theory och dess tanke om att alla sociala grupperingar är skapade som ett nätverk av kopplingar där olika aktörer både mänskliga och ting agerar. Jag har även använt Goffmans teori om det sociala samspelet liknande en scen där människor spelar olika roller och agerar genom att föra sig på olika sätt. Här har även begreppen ritual, sårbarhet och frame varit viktiga verktyg. Som huvudsakligt material till studien har jag använt mig av ett antal observationer av samlingar på en förskola i Sverige. Studien har visat att samlingen i förskolan skapas av ett brett nät av aktörer i form av både förskollärare, barn och material som tillsammans skapar samlingen och dess form. Detta gör att varje samling skapar sitt eget unika nät, beroende av vilka som tar plats. Många samlingar har ritualiserade inslag så som sånger, rörelser och regler, men det finns även många sårbarheter i en samling där alla skall följa samma ramar. Desto tydligare ramarna uttrycks desto starkare blir dem, dock finns sårbarheten där och hotar eftersom ingen aktör är så stark att inte en annan kan ta över handlingen. Det är denna balansgång som förskolläraren ska hantera, men genom en skicklighet i att använda dramaturgin, inramningen och att tro på sin egen förmåga skapar hen förutsättningar för en trygg samling.
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Herrerias, Cuevas Vesta Mónica. "Le masque social ou la representation de la bourgeoisie mexicaine dans le portait photographique (1854-2008)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030058.
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Loin de la dénonciation sociale ou d’un exercice strictement historique, le présent travail cherche à comprendre comment se construit l’image du personnage bourgeois à travers l’étude de portraits de la bourgeoisie mexicaine entre 1854 et 2008. Le concept de masque permet de rendre compte du portrait en tant que construction d’un modèle de représentation sociale. La première partie propose un aperçu général des origines et de l’évolution du portrait pictural, de son influence sur le portrait photographique, des conséquences des idées humanistes sur l’art, enfin de l’histoire de la bourgeoisie mexicaine et du portrait photographique bourgeois au Mexique. La deuxième partie s’intéresse au phénomène de la carte-de-visite en tant que source et modèle du portrait photographique de la bourgeoisie mexicaine, avant d’examiner la question de la figure : l’interprétation de la pose et du visage en tant qu’éléments constitutifs de la construction d’une identité sociale. La troisième partie étudie le fond, c'est-à-dire les différents espaces dans lesquels le personnage bourgeois se fait photographier, les objets qui l’entourent et son rapport à eux. Cette recherche s’appuie sur les contributions théoriques de philosophes, d’écrivains, d’historiens et de photographes tels qu’André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri, Joan Foncuberta, Geoffrey Batchen, Octavio Paz, Carlos Monsiváis, Celso Sánchez Capdequí, Pierre Francastel, Christian Phéline, E. H. Gombrich, Gilles Lipovetsky, Gillo Dorfles, Graham Clarke, Jacques Aumont, Jean Sagne, Jean-Luc Nancy, Michel Frizot, Philippe Dubois, John Berger, Hermann Broch, Umberto Eco, Roland Barthes, Tzvetan Todorov, Michel Foucault, Susan Sontag, Walter Benjamin. Parmi les photographes mexicains abordés dans cette étude, l’on citera les frères Valleto, Cruces et Campa, les Archives Casasola, Nacho López, Héctor García, Pedro Meyer, Daniela Rossell et Ivonne Venegas<br>Far from social condemnation or a strictly historic review, this work seeks to understand the construction of the bourgeois personage through the study of Mexican bourgeoisie portraits between 1854 and 2008. The “mask” concept allows us to explain the portrait as the construction of a model of social representation. Part I offers an overview of the origin and evolution of the pictorial portrait and its influence on the photographic portrait, as well as the consequences of humanist ideas on art, the history of Mexican bourgeoisie and the bourgeois photographic portrait in Mexico. Part II analyses the carte-de-visite phenomenon as origin and model for the photographic portrait of the Mexican bourgeoisie, to later study the figure, the interpretation of posture, stance and facial expression as components of the construction of social identity. Part III studies depth: different spaces where the bourgeois character is photographed, the objects around him and his relation to them. Taken into account are the theoretical contributions of philosophers, writers, historians, and photographers, like André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri, Joan Foncuberta, Geoffrey Batchen, Octavio Paz, Carlos Monsiváis, Celso Sánchez Capdequí, Pierre Francastel, Christian Phéline, E. H. Gombrich, Gilles Lipovetsky, Gillo Dorfles, Graham Clarke, Jacques Aumont, Jean Sagne, Jean-Luc Nancy, Michel Frizot, Philippe Dubois, John Berger, Hermann Broch, Umberto Eco, Roland Barthes, Tzvetan Todorov, Michel Foucault, Susan Sontag, Walter Benjamin. Among the Mexican photographers studied are the Valleto brothers, Cruces y Campa, the Casasola Archive, Nacho López, Héctor García, Pedro Meyer, Daniela Rossell and Ivonne Venegas
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Mak, Vincent Wah Sung. "Three essays on opinion leadership and social networks /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MARK%202008%20MAK.
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Kibanov, Mark [Verfasser]. "Social Network Mining for Analysis of Social Phenomena / Mark Kibanov." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1193090261/34.
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Spence, Daniel. "Grassroots 20 social change through the social Web." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28110.
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The Internet presents a wide variety of capacity-building opportunities for the nonprofit sector, especially grassroots-based organizations with geographically dispersed members. These opportunities have become more accessible and practical for laypeople with emergence of Web 2.0 and the prevalence of social network sites like Facebook and MySpace in contemporary life, theoretically making it easier even for under-resourced organizations to leverage the Internet to increase outreach, fundraising and recruitment capacity. This report details the participatory action research basis and findings of the accompanying practical component of the thesis project which entailed the development of a new Web 2.0-enabled website for Sierra Club Canada, the country's foremost grassroots environmental nonprofit organization. With no other organizations in the sector taking full strategic advantage of the Internet to improve campaign capacity, this new website will establish Sierra Club Canada as a premiere online presence and a resource for a growing number of grassroots activists and supporters of environmental causes.
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Puchan, Heike. "Adventure sport, media and social/cultural change." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/19359.
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The turn of the millennium has heralded an explosion in the popularity of adventure sports often also referred to as alternative lifestyle sports or extreme sports. These are offering both new avenues and potential challenges to the traditional ways of conceptualising and practicing sport. This thesis analyses the development of adventure sports, in particular climbing and kayaking, as a subculture. It delivers a socio-economic history of climbing, analyses the role of the media in its development, its participation and its lived experience. Further it investigates the impact of globalisation, commercialisation and consumerism on adventure sports, and considers to what extent they are being brought into the mainstream as a result. The economic impact of participation in adventure sports is reviewed along with a study of how the make up of its participants has changed as the activities have become more accessible. Particular focus is placed on the analysis of the gender order, specifically looking at the experiences of women in adventure sports. For this purpose the sports culture found in climbing and kayaking is examined and the implications for the reconstruction of gender relations are considered. This study employs an ethnographic approach including both semi-structured and structured interviews with both adventure sports experts and participants, document and media analysis, participant observation and the more recent nethnography approach. One of the significant contributions of this thesis has been to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of the social, cultural and media environment of arguably one of the most popular lifestyle sports in the UK. It has also shown the strong interrelationship that exists between the media and adventure sports, and has demonstrated how the increased commercialisation and commodification of the activity has resulted in economic development particularly in some remoter parts of the UK through the packaging and provision of the climbing experience. At the same time some participants see this is ‘selling out’. This research has demonstrated how women’s participation in adventure sports has been subject to marginalisation, sexualisation and trivialisation similar to other mainstream sports. However, this work has also highlighted that there is room for optimism as new discourses of femininity contrary to the traditional male hegemony are emerging. Further research opportunities have been identified concerning issues of ethnicity and participation; the social, cultural and economic relationships between adventure sportspeople and rural communities. Emerging feminist discourses also warrant further investigation.
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Almeida, Raquel Silva. "Viver com a diferença... mas sem indiferença." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1056.
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Mestrado em Ciências da Educação - Educação Social e Intervenção Comunitária<br>O projecto viver com a diferença… mas sem indiferença parte das experiências de vida de um grupo de cinco pessoas, cujo contexto varia entre a zona de Aveiro e Águeda. É um projecto baseado no método de investigação participativa, utilizando como técnica as abordagens biográficas.
Consideramos que o projecto contribuiu para haver um sentimento de valorização da pessoa, elevando a sua auto-estima e auto-confiança. Acreditamos que seria demasiado pobre ficar apenas pelos diálogos entre os sujeitos e o investigador, pelo que surge a iniciativa de criar um dispositivo com recurso ao computador e à Internet, onde seja possível estabelecer aquilo que chamamos de comunicação síncrona, onde algumas barreiras de comunicação possam ser o mais possível eliminadas, não só para este grupo com o qual iniciamos o projecto, mas também para outras pessoas com outras dificuldades e/ou interessadas nas questões debatidas, procurando assim comunicar o mesmo de formas diferentes.
ABSTRACT: The project to live with the difference … but without indifference it leaves of you experience of life of a group of four persons, whose context varies between the zone of Aveiro and Águeda. It is a project based on the method of investigation participative, using like technique the biographical approaches.
We think that the project contributed in order that was a feeling of increase in value of the person, lifting up his auto-esteem and auto-car. We believe what it would be too poor to be only for the dialogs between the subjects and the investigator, because the initiative appears of creating a device with resource to the computer and to the Internet, where it is passively to establish what we call a synchronous communication, where some barriers of communication could be more passively removed, not only for this group with which we begin the project, but also for other persons with other difficulties and / or interested in the debated questions, trying to communicate so the same of different forms.
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Rivera, Sylvia Manzano. "Mas capital: Latino politics and social capital." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290148.
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This study examines the role of social capital in the political life of Latinos in the United States. I consider the likelihood that Latinos accumulate and utilize social capital differently than the dominant political science literature has suggested. Most social capital research has examined the majority population and the participatory outcomes of their network resources. For Latinos, social capital is complicated by ethnicity. Latino social networks and political participation can occur in two different ethnic contexts: one which is exclusively Latino and one which is dominated by the majority, Anglo population. Using Robert Putnam's definition and classification of social capital, I examine how the three largest Latino national origin groups accumulate social capital and participate in the American political system. Ultimately I examine not only how much social capital exists among Latinos, but also how it functions for them. This dissertation engages in testing and building upon social capital theory by examining its five components and its bifurcated nature. This dissertation offers a full analysis of social capital presence and performance among Latinos. First I examine social capital accumulation among Latinos. Then I explore how social capital operates in the context of political participation. I find clear evidence of two types of social capital: bridge and bond. I find that Latinos are accumulating both bond and bridge social capital, and levels of political activity are highly affected by these resources. National origin, nativity, gender and language largely influence how Latinos accumulate and employ their social capital resources. Foreign born, female and Spanish dominant Latinos have their social capital more densely concentrated among co-ethnics. The implications of the differing levels of bond and bridge social capital resources in the political setting are varied. My analysis indicates that bridge social capital has consistently strong and positive effects on Latino political participation in any ethnic political context. Bond social capital generally has a positive impact on Latino participation as well, though not as consistent as bridge capital. Social capital theory does indeed help explain some of the uniqueness found in Latino political behavior.
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Kucharski, Joseph. "Social media identity in niche sports: the use of social media by U.S. rugby." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38209.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Journalism and Mass Communications<br>Barbara DeSanto<br>Rugby was created in 1876 and since then has expanded from the colleges of England to a globally played sport. Rugby, along with many other sports such as lacrosse and cricket, has found difficulties in obtaining mainstream media attention in the United States. This series of in-depth interviews explore how U.S. rugby may be able to utilize social media to elevate rugby to mainstream media status. This study will use in-depth interviews to understand the strategies of Division 1 Men’s U.S. Rugby social media officials and media strategists from the Professional Rugby Organization (PRO). These in-depth interviews will first identify what strategies rugby has used, then will evaluate which strategies efficiency. Second, the in-depth interviews of the club-level social media chairs will also be asked about his or her background in social media strategy. The information collected will be used to make recommendations as to what professional rugby and club-level rugby strategies should be used on social media. The information will also be used to identify what level social media rugby chairs should be educated or trained in using social media, if any. This study also explored the outcomes of the social media efforts for the advancement of rugby in the U.S. as well as emerging sports in the future.
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Edelen, Delores. "EXPLAINING CHURN: MASS SOCIETY, SOCIAL CAPITAL, & COMMUNITY CHURN." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3054.
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Population churn--the population turnover experienced by a community--can have differential effects on a community. Mass society theory suggests that because the churn rate experienced by communities can contribute to their uprooting, fragmentation, and isolation, churn is a potent threat to the stability of our modern day communities. Social capital theory, to the contrary, suggests otherwise. Social capital theory suggests that churn can have positive effects on communities by bringing new migrants with valuable human capital skills and experiences to communities. These migrants bring to their new communities the potential for creating new jobs, spurring economic development, and for initiating housing starts that expand housing options for the poor and minorities. In so doing, they help create and sustain vibrant, growing modern day communities. Yet in spite of the significant role churn may play in determining the health and viability of modern day communities, it has been overlooked in the migration literature, which is mostly dominated by individual-level research on the causes and effects of migration, particularly the pecuniary benefits to movers. Using county-level data and multivariate analyses, this research seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between the community and churn, from the perspectives provided by social capital and mass society theories.<br>M.A.<br>Department of Sociology and Anthropology<br>Arts and Sciences<br>Applied Sociology
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Chan, Kar-wing Veronica. "Social attitudes towards swearing and taboo language." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18685377.
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Moskowitz, Adam N. "Economic, social and racial attitudes among the American mass public : implications for maintaining mass democracy /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488205318508206.
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Mitchell, Ryan A. "Bisexual Identity Development| A Social Cognitive Process." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600585.
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<p> This study explored how bisexual individuals used media and other frames of reference to understand their own sexuality. It also sought to understand how bisexual individuals felt about the representation in the media and if they had a preferred image in mind. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six individuals recruited from universities and LGBT-oriented groups and their answers were analyzed through social cognitive theory and sexual identity development models. The study found that, for the participants interviewed, media examples of bisexuality and bisexual individuals were not completely accepted and other representations were preferred. For this sample, an educational setting played an important role in acquiring the language used to describe their sexuality. Also, the participants mostly agreed that the media did not often portray bisexuality in ways that resonated with them.</p>
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Bresolin, Jenna. "Social Networks for Social Change: Looking into Morality and Accountability during times of National Crises in the United States." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28719.
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The thesis explores the ways in which Americans on two popular social network sites, Facebook and YouTube, conceptualize the issues of crises, specifically financial, health care, and war, in the name of achieving social change and investigates the two-way flow of communication between the government and its citizens through social network sites. The thesis epistemologically feeds from the works of Thomas Hobbes' (1651) theory of government responsibility to society, William James' (1910) theory on crisis and social change, and Hannah Arendt's (1958) theory on collective action and is further guided by the theoretical frameworks of Jurgen Habermas' (1976; 1989) undistorted communication and public sphere theories and Manuel Castells' (1996; 2007) network and mass self-communication theories. Qualitative content analysis through purposive, quota, and sequential sampling of the comments posted on the White House's social media pages is conducted to gauge citizens' sentiments and conceptualizations.
The findings show that Americans desire change through increased citizen participation in both politics and the community in addition to higher standards of government accountability. Social network sites contribute by providing a method to facilitate government two-way communication through an unprecedented level of speed and accessibility, which is imperative for social change to occur in the new digital age. Social media sites are conducive to social change because they allow for near-universal access despite geographic limitations, promote government accountability and transparency, and provide a public sphere-like environment for debate and conversation, all of which allow for the betterment of society and provide the method through which crises can be assuaged.
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Stoltenow, Petersen Kelsi K. "YouTube beauty vlogs: How social media blurs social boundaries." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523368597591707.
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Dooge-Strampp, Gwendolyn L. "Empirical quantitative content analysis of Wisconsin newspaper school quality reporting| Social accountability and social responsibility." Thesis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10164923.
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<p>The communication of school quality in the print media was examined through an empirical quantitative content analysis research design and computer assisted content coding approach. This focus was selected due to the importance of school quality information for parents and a community. The purpose of the research was the identification of the message communicated through the media frames selected by journalists reporting on school quality and education accountability.
The content sample was composed of 130 news articles published in Wisconsin daily newspapers, 2012 through 2014. Using the empirical quantitative content analysis method developed by Harold D. Lasswell, Ph.D., the standardized statistical tests for trend, interaction, and covariance were conducted to identify the dominant frames, the semantic meaning, and the message. Tests for validity and reliability of the content, coding, correlations, and design were conducted. The result of the media frame analysis demonstrated significant relationships between the media frame, state events, and the treatment of public education during each of the three years.
The research addressed three gaps found in the literature and surfaced a paradox indicator of social change. The importance of the local newspaper was demonstrated, along with evidence that the interaction of the newspaper network impacts access to balanced coverage of this critical topic. The research created an accessible and reliable body of content from which to conduct future research on audience and message impact analysis.
Keywords: education accountability, frame analysis, mass media communication research, public education, quantitative content analysis, school quality, school report card, social accountability, social change, social responsibility, Wisconsin
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Yeung, Sze-hang Jess. "Adaptive social underground linkages urban interface for Mass Transit Railway." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31987412.
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Yeung, Sze-hang Jess, and 楊思恆. "Adaptive social underground linkages urban interface for Mass Transit Railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31987412.
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Donlon, Katharine. "The Role of Social Support Seeking and Social Constraints on Psychological Outcomes After Trauma: A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42688.
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Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) posits that survivors of a traumatic event have the ability to influence their own outcomes and do so most aptly when they perceive they can exert control over their outcomes. Posttraumatic growth outcomes are associated with a greater perception of controllability, while posttraumatic stress outcomes can be related to the lack of perceived control. In the context of the Virginia Tech shootings, several social factors were examined three months after the trauma (T1) and one year later (T2) to further explore the dynamic interplay between these factors and psychological outcomes. Social support seeking was conceptualized as both a coping strategy (situational) and as a coping style (dispositional) and was hypothesized to predict greater growth outcomes, while social constraints were hypothesized to predict higher levels of posttraumatic stress outcomes. These variables were also examined as moderators of the relationship between perceived threat and psychological outcomes at both time points. As expected, dispositional social support seeking was negatively related to posttraumatic stress at T1, and positively related to posttraumatic growth at T1 and T2. Social constraints were positively related to posttraumatic stress at T1 and negatively related to posttraumatic growth at T1 and T2. Situational social support seeking served as a moderator for the relationship between perceived threat and posttraumatic stress at T1. Lower levels of situational social support seeking lessened the relationship between perceived threat and posttraumatic stress, while high levels of situational social support seeking exacerbated this relationship.<br>Master of Science
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Sinclair, Anna Christine. "Social Movements and Social Media: The Propagation of #BlackLivesMatter." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2022. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors162068615726307.
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Boguslaw, Janet. "Social partnerships and social relations : new strategies in workforce and economic development /." New York, NY [u.a.] : Routledge, 2002. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0651/2001034980-d.html.
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Xu, Kun. "Media are social actors: Individuals' social responses to social robots and mobile phones." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/534502.
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Media & Communication<br>Ph.D.<br>The Computers are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm was proposed more than two decades ago to understand humans’ interaction with computer technologies. Today, as emerging media technologies including social robots and smartphones become more personal and persuasive, questions of how users respond to them socially, what individual factors leverage the relationship, and what constitutes the social influence of these technologies need to be addressed. As an expansion of the CASA paradigm, the Media are Social Actors (MASA) paradigm was applied in the current dissertation to understand users’ social perception, social attitudes, and social behavior in their interactions with humanoid social robots and smartphones. Two lab experiments with between-subjects factorial design were conducted. A total of 110 participants were asked to interact with a humanoid social robot and a smartphone respectively in a socio-emotional context and a task-oriented context. Four pairs of social cues were compared to understand their influence on users’ anthropomorphism of the technologies. Multivariate analyses and textual analyses were conducted. Results suggested that users developed more trust in the social robot with a human voice than with a synthetic voice. Users also developed more intimacy and more interest in the social robot when the robot was paired with humanlike gestures. However, individual differences such as users’ attitudes toward robots, robot use experiences, and suspension of disbelief affected users’ psychological responses to the social robot. Although users’ responses to the smartphone did not vary based on the language styles and the modalities, factors such as individuals’ intensive smartphone use, mobile use habits, and their source orientation and re-orientation moderated the social influence of the smartphone. The dissertation has theoretical value in expanding the CASA paradigm to social robots and smartphones. It also tests the validity of the propositions of the MASA paradigm. The results can lead to more comprehensive, nuanced, and exciting discoveries of the social implications, ethical implications, and practical guides of using these emerging media technologies in the future.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Sjölén, Gustafsson Markus. "Difference and social cohesion : A Study of Different Identities' Effect on Societal Cohesiveness." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355541.
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This paper has had the ambition to answer the question does people’s perception of group difference affect their sense of societal cohesiveness? Using survey data from a Swedish 2015 study conductedby the SOM-institute this study looks at people living in Sweden’s perceptions of differentgroup identities to see which elements come at play in forming an over-all sense of societal cohesion.This study combines theories on social capital in relation to group identities to create anadvanced model to test the data in. The analysis confirmed that people’s discernment of other groups indeed affects the level of societal cohesiveness, and that respondents who felt a stronger emotional connection towards groups with another economy, education and culture were more likely to feel like a part of the Swedish society and to be more trusting of others.
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Araujo, Jean Marcel Oliveira. "Bahia: negra, mas limpinha." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10661.
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Previous issue date: 2006<br>FAPESB<br>Este estudo tem por finalidade investigar o processo de desenvolvimento urbano implementado pelos grupos de elite da cidade da Bahia durante a segunda metade do século XIX e a primeira metade do século XX, permitindo compreender a configuração da cidade no início do século XXI. Tal processo foi impulsionado por um discurso modernizador que procurou efetivar, mediante uma política de controle social, a prevenção de enfermidades, a intervenção na estrutura física da cidade e a implantação da campanha de normatização para o uso pelos habitantes da cidade tanto do espaço público quanto privado, em especial, pelas camadas populares. Tem início, então, a produção do espaço capitalista que acontecia por intermédio de novas relações sociais, no movimento da vida, da natureza e da artificialidade, principalmente, no processo de construção de representações sobre os domínios do espaço citadino, constituindo, portanto, uma ferramenta essencial para os pensamentos e as ações voltados à produção e reprodução do capitalismo. Além de meio de produção, o espaço também constitui meio de controle, dominação e poder. A produção do espaço urbano na cidade da Bahia, a exemplo de outras cidades brasileiras e européias, seguia cada vez mais um parâmetro de segregação social, em que os grupos de elite, impulsionados pelo discurso de modernização, determinavam sua conformação, excluindo abertamente as camadas populares.<br>Salvador
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Dobos, Jean A. "A social ecology study of media competition and managerial gratifications from business news /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266011221537.
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Hurson, Megan. "Social Capital in a Hybrid Online and Offline Social Networking Community." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/166367.
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Mass Media and Communication<br>M.A.<br>Contemporary social networking sites (SNSs) are becoming common places where individuals and their respective networks congregate to exchange information. These places online are often thought as community and as Chua, Madej,and Wellman (2011) suggest "communities can consist of a person's network of relationships, wherever such communities are located" (p. 101). However, traditional social networking sites like Facebook and MySpace typically comprise networks that users are already familiar with, often brought into online spaces from their offline worlds (Baym, 2011). In order to gain social capital, an important element toward civic participation, users must engage in actions of exchanges with members of their network (Bourdieu, 1986). Different types of social capital afford different types of support, yet traditional social networks typically only afford bridging capital, a social tie that is most commonly found to only provide new information rather than trust and emotional support. Due to the fragmented nature of our contemporary media landscape, as outlined through networked individualism (Wellman, 1998), individuals navigate multiple networks instead of remaining in one locale. This study seeks to analyze these types of networks found within a hybrid online and offline community, Fark.com, in order to understand how media multiplexity (Haythorthwaithe, 2005) allows for different forms of social capital to accrue.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Atkinson, Joshua. "Building a resistance performance paradigm : an analysis of the roles of alternative media in the social construction of reality in social justice movements /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3137677.
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Jin, Fang. "Algorithms for Modeling Mass Movements and their Adoption in Social Networks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72292.
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Online social networks have become a staging ground for many modern movements, with the Arab Spring being the most prominent example. In an effort to understand and predict those movements, social media can be regarded as a valuable social sensor for disclosing underlying behaviors and patterns. To fully understand mass movement information propagation patterns in social networks, several problems need to be considered and addressed. Specifically, modeling mass movements that incorporate multiple spaces, a dynamic network structure, and misinformation propagation, can be exceptionally useful in understanding information propagation in social media.
This dissertation explores four research problems underlying efforts to identify and track the adoption of mass movements in social media. First, how do mass movements become mobilized on Twitter, especially in a specific geographic area? Second, can we detect protest activity in social networks by observing group anomalies in graph? Third, how can we distinguish real movements from rumors or misinformation campaigns? and fourth, how can we infer the indicators of a specific type of protest, say climate related protest?
A fundamental objective of this research has been to conduct a comprehensive study of how mass movement adoption functions in social networks. For example, it may cross multiple spaces, evolve with dynamic network structures, or consist of swift outbreaks or long term slowly evolving transmissions. In many cases, it may also be mixed with misinformation campaigns, either deliberate or in the form of rumors. Each of those issues requires the development of new mathematical models and algorithmic approaches such as those explored here. This work aims to facilitate advances in information propagation, group anomaly detection and misinformation distinction and, ultimately, help improve our understanding of mass movements and their adoption in social networks.<br>Ph. D.
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Ondis, April Landry. "Social Influences on U.S. Postdoctoral Researchers’ Participation in ResearchGate." Thesis, Saint Leo University, 2022. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=28152313.
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Academic social networking services (ASNS) will need to rely on the continued participation of their members in order to transition from venture-backed to self-sustaining businesses. Postdoctoral researchers, or PDRs, are likely to have a particular interest in membership participation as a means of distinguishing themselves professionally. The following paper is quantitative research into PDRs’ intent to participate in an ASNS from the perspectives of Social Influence Theory and Social Cognitive Theory. A survey of postdoctoral researcher users will identify the relationship between social influences and participation in an ASNS.
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Liu, Zhengjia. ""Trendingworthiness" and "prosumers" on Weibo: social media doxa and consumerism in a ritual field." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4679.
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The study explores reasons for certain events trending on Sina Weibo - the most popular Chinese micro-blogging site - and cultural meanings of consumption in trending topics. Conceptually, it indicates that social media practice is more than a technical product, but it is also a cultural phenomenon that conveys cultural meanings. Multiple data were collected through a pilot study, a two-month online observation focusing on three trending topics and 34 in-depth face-to-face interviews. This e-ethnography study finds that Weibo is a Chinese cultural product in the global trend of high technology, mobile Internet and social networking. Also, it roots in the overall political and economic environment of Chinese media industry. Freedom of choices and equality in market are two doxa found in this field. The Weibo rituals present a negotiation of prosumers' political, economic and cultural identities. Neo-liberal elites become crucial agents lead in this field. The Weibo field demonstrates the social media relying on money line to push the Party line.
In general, this dissertation argues a cultural paradigm of studying social media phenomena. It demonstrates how media phenomena are culturally constructed for society members to make meanings of their social lives. It goes beyond the limitation of a normative paradigm that makes judgments about whether media are contributing to--or harming--democracy. Instead, it provides a conceptual foundation to: begin to understand media phenomena by placing them within their original social context instead of a different context; to conclude the interpretation of the phenomena by integrating them with the bigger conceptual picture; and to eventually enable theoretical conclusions which will be transferable to other contexts.
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Zimmerman, Tara D. "Examining Human Information Behavior on Social Media: Introducing the Concept of Social Noise." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707349/.
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Social media information behavior is increasingly critical, impacting not only individuals and groups but the beliefs, values, and direction of society and culture. The purpose of this study was to investigate how persistent observation by members of the online network influences social media users' information behavior, resulting in the phenomenon of social noise. Data analytics, including LDA, LSA, and clustering methodologies, were performed but could not provide information about the users' motivations. Using an ethnographic approach, participant observations and interviews were conducted with Facebook users as they interacted with informational posts, and the data collected was coded using a recursive method. Four key constructs of social noise were identified, and sub-codes were assigned within each construct as patterns emerged, providing insight into the different facets of social noise. Additionally, in most instances more than one of the four constructs were present, layering their influence on the information behavior. Based on these findings, social media users are not always interacting with information based on true personal beliefs or desires; instead, concerns surrounding their personal image, relationships with others, core beliefs, and online conflict are influencing their observable information behavior. The results of this exploratory study provide a basis to further develop the social noise model. Qualitative data provides insight into the thinking and motivations behind social media users' observable information behavior, specifically in the areas of cultural agency, relationship management, image curation, and conflict engagement.
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Edley, Nigel. "Monarchy in the mirror : a social psychological study of press representations." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7030.
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Very little academic work has focused upon the British monarchy/Royal Family and its significance for the people of Britain. However, of the more recent pieces of work on the subject, several have emphasized the ideological impact of the institution (Coward, 1984; Williamson, 1986; Billig, 1990). This is an emphasis which similarly characterizes the present study. Indeed a substantial part of this thesis is taken up with a theoretical discussion about the nature of ideology itself. Following Barthes (1982), I argue that the relationship between a culture/ideology and its practitioners is paradoxical. Each is simultaneously the master and slave of the other. There are four empirical chapters contained within this volume, the first of which is a quantitative account of popular press representations of monarchy. The other three empirical chapters are, in part, an investigation and illustration of the paradoxical nature of culture/ideology. Drawing predominantly from a three-month sample of Royal-related newspaper items (29th Nov. 1987–29th Feb. 1988) the first shows how various cultural/ideological themes or discourses determine or give form to the texts. In the second I examine the ways in which similar themes are used constructively in the production of accounts which accomplish a variety of rhetorical, political and ideological 'moves'. These themes are also present within the fourth empirical chapter in which I examine some of the ideological work done via the representation of the Royals as ordinary, extraordinary and 'superordinary' beings. Chapters 6 and 7 also serve to reveal something of the nature of two subject matter categories as defined in Chapter 4. In the final chapter I take issue with certain aspects of the present study's own theoretical and methodological bases.
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Lapacek-Trout, Natalie L. ""Cool Buzzword" or "Social Failure"? Examining the Nerd on Television." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1560764.
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<p> This study delves into the world of nerd culture as it is presented on network, cable and web television. Drawing on foundational research within both popular culture and scholarly research, the author examines the culture through textual analysis of one episode from each of five television shows: <i>The Big Bang Theory; 30 Rock; King of the Nerds; The Nerdist; </i> and <i>The Guild.</i> As this study's theoretical framework is the Frankfurt scholars' theory of the commodification of culture, the authenticity of nerd culture in its present state is a central issue. Findings from the literature and textual analyses show that the portrayals of nerds on television designed for mass audiences often exploit traditional nerd stereotypes to encourage viewers to "play nerd" while also presenting certain nerdish characteristics as a social warning. Conversely, nerd culture as presented for niche audiences are indeed closer to what the authentic culture is, which is a community of like-minded individuals who wish to create, innovate and express their uniqueness rather than simply consume products and trends associated with the culture. </p>
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Weir, Shilo. "A uses and gratifications study of niche social network sites." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180884.
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<p> This study applied the uses and gratifications theory to determine how audience motives for using niche social network sites compared with motives for using popular social network sites. An online survey presented a single sample (N=554) with items measuring motives for using the popular social network site Facebook alongside items measuring motives for using the niche social network site Ravelry for comparison.</p><p> The results demonstrate that there is a significant amount of overlap between the motives for Ravelry use and for Facebook use. The motives of relaxing entertainment, expressive information sharing, habitual pass time, social interaction, cool new technology, and professional advancement emerged during separate factor analyses of both the Ravelry and Facebook use motive scales. New friendships emerged only as a motive for Ravelry use. The results also showed the most salient motive for Facebook use was social interaction where the most salient motives for using Ravelry were relaxing entertainment and new friendships. The strongest motive for using Facebook related to relationships maintenance, which supports findings of past research. In contrast, Ravelry use motives show members are seeking new relationships through the niche social network site. Implications of the significant differences between motives for using the niche social network site and the popular social network site are discussed. Additional research is suggested to refine the current conceptual definition of social network site and to classify social network sites.</p>
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Lee, Alice Yuet Lin. "Legitimating media education : from social movement to the formation of a new social curriculum." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25088.pdf.
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Parker, Jazma Mekelle. "Law Enforcement Perception of Social Media as an Influence in Mass Shootings." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7891.
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Mass shootings have been a persistent issue in the United States, and the underlying factors that continue to influence this crime are not yet evident. This study explored the effects of social media as an influence on mass shootings in the United States. Its purpose was to address the role of social media in spreading opinionated ideologies. The research question addressed the role of social media in influencing the actions of perpetrators of mass shootings in the United States. The study framework was based on the social-ecological model to facilitate classification of the susceptibilities of social media users to adverse ideologies; 7 experts on mass shootings were interviewed in the study. Findings revealed that social media tend to influence mass shooting in 4 capacities: as enablers of the conceptualization process of the crime until the final act of mass violence; as facilitators of the individual or personal agenda of the mass shooter; as platforms that harness emerging technology for knowledge building during the planning phase and create operational efficiency for the final act; and as coordinators of group or symphonic terrorism. Government authorities in charge of combating mass shootings perform their tasks through actionable intelligence, legislation and policy, training of police and other first responders, mechanical barriers or deterrents, and brainstorming for new techniques and strategies. They are, however, constrained by considerable odds, which often come conjointly with their methods of crime resolution and strategies. Predictive technologies, as vehicles to fight or prevent mass shootings, have limiting influences on government action, particularly relating to the First and Fourth Amendments and the culture of hate that is nurtured and sustained through social media.
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Parkinson, Clive. "Social justice, inequalities, the arts and public health : weapons of mass happiness?" Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/621436/.
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This thesis draws together nine publications spanning the period between 2007 and 2018. They have been selected to reflect a specific aspect of my research trajectory, its contribution to the field of arts and health, and its future direction, demonstrating its application to international policy and practice, whilst placing it within a space that is critical of its own community of interest. The research is informed by the cultural and political landscape of ‘austerity’ in the UK. It questions the dominance of neoliberal policies and culture and how these influence the arts and health field, and positions itself outside the bio-medical discourse. Whilst questioning notions of ‘gold standards’ in research and evaluation, the argument made, is for an arts-led field in the pursuit of social justice and health equity, rather than one understood through the language of pathology and sickness. Through an artist led perspective, this thesis amplifies and builds on the thinking of those concerned with inequalities, (Marmot, 2010; Wilkinson and Pickett, 2009/2011) drawing on the work of contemporary theorists and academics across allied disciplines, taking into account the current policy context for arts and health in the UK. It suggests that whilst there is evidence (Gordon-Nesbitt, 2015) that the arts might mitigate against some of the factors that influence health and wellbeing, by being framed and understood in predominantly bio-medical ways, the arts are at risk of becoming a reductivist cost-effective tool, rather than a liberating force for social change.
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Van, Geem Stephen G. "Status and Slaughter: The Psyco-social Factors that Influence Public Mass Murder." DigitalCommons@USU, 2009. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/470.
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Even though public mass shootings are relatively rare, they represent an atypical form of violence that is both sudden and yields an unprecedented amount of carnage; for these reasons, an inordinate amount of scholarship has been produced in order to isolate both the causes and effects of these rampages. As there is no clear cut and universal cause, over the past forty years numerous factors have been offered to account for these types of shootings, including bullying, peer relations, family problems, cultural conflict, demographic change, mental illness, gun culture, copycatting, and the media. While there appears to be an element of truth in each of these perspectives, all of these isolated factors focus upon only one or two surface-level influences, thus ignoring the possibility that multiple and distinct causes are interacting with one another.
The aim of this study is to construct a meaningful model of motivation that is common to each situation, is to build upon psycho-social theories of crime, and to highlight which combination of specific background factors and processes is necessary to produce these vicious massacres. To answer the underlying research question, "Why do certain individuals elect this specific line of action?" this thesis will first provide a review of the relevant literature, will then emphasize three key social and psychological predisposers that combine together to negatively influence the individuals involved, and will subsequently highlight five separate and unique case studies in order to examine the proposed model.
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Tang, Cheong Wai Acty. "Gazing at horror: body performance in the wake of mass social trauma." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002381.
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This thesis explores various dilemmas in making theatre performances in the context of social disruption, trauma and death. Diverse discourses are drawn in to consider issues of body, subjectivity and spectatorship, refracted through the writer’s experiences of and discontent with making theatre. Written in a fractal-like structure, rather than a linear progression, this thesis unsettles discourses of truth, thus simultaneously intervening in debates about the epistemologies of the body and of theatre in context of the academy. Chapter 1: Methodological Anxieties Psychoanalytic theory provides a way in for investigating the dynamics of theatrical performance and its corporeal presence, by focusing on desire and its implication in the notions of loss and anxiety. The theories of the unconscious and the gaze have epistemological implications, shifting definitions of “presence” and “truth” in theatre performance and writing about theatre. This chapter tries to outline the rationale for, as well as to enact, an alternative methodology for writing, as an ethical response to loss that does not insist on consensus and truth. Chapter 2: (Refusing to) Look at Trauma This chapter examines the politics that strives to make suffering visible. Discursive binaries of public/private, dead/living, and invisible/visible underlie the politics of AIDS and sexuality. These discourses impact on the reception of Bill T. Jones's choreography, despite his use of modernist artistic processes in search of a bodily presence that aims to collapse the binary of representation (text) and its subject (being). The theory of the gaze shows this politics to be a phallocentric discourse; and narrative analysis traces the metanarrative that results in the commodification of oppositional identities, so that spectators participate in the politics as consumers. An ethical artistic response thus needs to shift its focus to the subjectivity of the spectator. Chapter 3: The Screen and the Viewer’s Blindness By appealing to a transcendent reality, and by constituting spectators as a participative community, ritual theatre claims to enact change. The “truth” of ritual rests not on rational knowledge, but on the performer’s competence to produce a shamanic presence, which director Brett Bailey embraces in his early work. Ritual presence operates by identification and belonging to a father/god as the source of meaning; but it represses the loss of this originary wholeness. Spectators of ritual theatre are drawn into an enactment of communion/community, the centre of which is, however, loss/emptiness. The claim of enacting change becomes problematic for its absence of truth. Bailey attempts to perform a hybrid, postcolonial aesthetics; but the problem rests in the larger context of performing the notion of “South Africa”, a communal identity hardened around the metanarrative of suffering, abjecting those that do not belong to the land of the father/god – foreigners that unsettle the meaning of South African identity. Conclusion: Bodies of Discontent The South African stage is circumscribed by political and economic discourses; the problematization of national identity is also a problematization of image-identification in the theatre. In search for a way to unsettle these interrogative discourses, two moments of performing foreignness are examined, one fictional, one theatrical. These moments enact a parallel to the feminine hysteric, who disturbs the phallocentric truth of the psychoanalyst through body performance. These moments of disturbing spectatorship are reflected in the works of performance artist Marina Abramovic. Her explorations into passive-aggression, shamanism and finally theatricality and the morality of spectatorship allow for an overview of the issues raised in this thesis regarding body, viewing, and subjecthood. Sensitivity to the body and its discontent on the part of the viewer becomes crucial to ethical performance.
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Curry, Kevin Everett. "Politics in the Social Media Era: the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Political Participation During the 2016 United States Presidential Election." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4506.
Full textAbstract:
The growth of social media use raises significant questions related to political information and its effect on political knowledge and participation. One issue is whether social media delivers news and political information in a similar manner as traditional news media sources, like newspapers, TV, and radio, by contributing to political knowledge, which is linked to voter turnout. This dissertation examines the relationship between an individual's social media use, their use of traditional news media sources, and whether they turn out to vote. It utilizes American National Election Survey data from the 2016 U.S. Presidential election to complete three studies. First, the dissertation compares people who prefer social media and those who prefer traditional news media sources across as series of political habits and attitudes. Second, it looks at the expansion of the media environment and examines whether a person's social media use and preference for news or entertainment is related to political knowledge and voter participation. Finally, this dissertations examines at whether social media use increases the odds an individual will turn out to vote, thus acting in a similar manner as traditional news media.
The results identify differences between people who prefer social media and people who prefer traditional news media sources. In particular, people who prefer social media tend to be younger, have less political knowledge, and have a lower voter turnout rate. However, unlike traditional news media use, the use of social media did not increase the odds an individual turned out to vote in 2016. Further, the use of social media and an individual's content preference of entertainment versus news was not related to political knowledge nor voter turnout. While social media does not appear to have a positive relationship with turnout, it does not appear to discourage a person from voting either. The results suggest that more work needs to be done, including examining the relationship between age, social media use and turnout, as well as how content length may be related to political participation. Finally, further examination is needed of the possible indirect ways social media may be related to voter attitudes and participation.
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Valdez, Lorenzo Martin Aguilar. "Graffiti art and self-identity: Leaving their mark." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3079.
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This project focuses on graffiti art as not an unconstructive form of artwork as society might assume, but a way of coping and establishing an identity for youth mostly males who are searching for who they are.
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Antoine, Derek. "Empowerment vis-a-vis disengagement: Social networks in Canadian political marketing." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28519.
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This thesis explores the ways in which Canadian Members of Parliament use social network sites, Facebook in particular, for political purposes. The roots of this thesis are found in liberalism as discussed by John Locke (1689), Immanuel Kant (1795), Jean Jacques Rousseau (1762), and John Stuart Mill (1859; 1863), Jurgen Habermas' public sphere theory (1962) and theory of communicative action (1981), Manuel Castells' (1996) network theory, and the social shaping of technology theory as outlined by Lievrouw (2002). Other concepts that guide this thesis are the strength of weak ties, the mediated public sphere, the amateur as producer, private versus public spaces, and political marketing. From these concepts, the primary goal is to understand the views, choices, and perceptions of MPs as they use Facebook and explain the findings in light of the theoretical framework. In-depth interviews with Canadian MPs as well as a content analysis of their Facebook page or profiles were conducted to measure the ways in which MPs use this social network site. This thesis finds that MPs use social network sites for political marketing purposes rather than for engagement purposes. It is argued in this thesis that the use of Facebook by Canadian MPs is enshrined in liberalism and, consequently, has a negative effect on Canada's democracy because it elevates the individual over the community.
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Frisk, Mattias. "Concerning Mass Graves : The use, development and identities within mass graves during the Scandinavian Iron age and Middle ages." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-243653.
Full textAbstract:
This master thesis deals with the subject of mass graves as a result of war and violence; how, where and why they are created, what they represent and how they are used throughout the Scandinavian Iron Age and Middle Ages. To analyze and discuss these questions, I have used nine case studies as well as several literary sources such as Beowulf, Tacitus and Jordanes. To further increase the depth of this discussion and to help us understand the mass graves themselves, I have also included subject of warfare in the form of a walkthrough of violence and social psychology. Together, these pieces have helped me form the basis for an analysis and discussion of the three acts I have created: The Ingroup act of deposition, The Outgroup act of deposition and the Triumph act of deposition.
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Manjikian, Lalai. "Refugee narratives in Montreal: negotiating everyday social exclusion and inclusion." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121160.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines the complex predicament of refugee claimants residingin Montréal. I argue that as claimants wait for immigration officials to determine their status, they become active social and political agents in the city. Drawing on in-depth, semi-structured interviews that I conducted in Montréal with individuals who had claimed refugee status, I examine everyday life practices and tactics through the lenses of social exclusion and inclusion. I use theories from refugee studies, sociology, urban studies, cultural studies, literature on alternative modes of citizenship, qualitative research and narrative inquiry. While much of the existing literature on the subject of refugees has focused predominantly on their marginalization, I contend that social inclusion and exclusion overlap, unfolding simultaneously in refugee claimants' everyday lives. Without dismissing the significant obstacles refugee claimants encounter as they re-settle—such as xenophobia, administrative barriers, economic instability, limited access to basic rights, and even fear of deportation—I focus on instances of social inclusion, revealing claimants' proactive practices and the positive contributions they make to society. During the re-settlement stage that I refer to as a sort of temporal and spatial "in-betweenness", refugee claimants engage in various practices such as volunteering in the community and partaking in political advocacy. In this way they create moments and sites of inclusivity, belonging, and generate modes of alternative or informal citizenship. Such rarely acknowledged revelations act as a counterpoint to negative perceptions of refugees who are often referred to as "bogus", "system abusers" or "passive". These are common misconceptions, often spread through certain media, government and public discourses. To further clarify how refugee claimants negotiate social inclusion and belonging, I also invert the common theory that migrants are "absent" in their place of arrival. I demonstrate the ways refugees navigate and narrate their presence in the city. Furthermore, I argue that the way their forced departure is remembered and articulated is also valuable, as it shapes their construction of their place of origin, and creates a bridge to the way their lives have unfolded in Montréal. Finally, I conduct a textual analysis of two Montréal-based theatrical scripts that integrate actual refugee narratives. I demonstrate how these specific examples of urban cultural production portray the complexities of social exclusion and inclusion associated with forced displacement, while offering alternative and unheard voices to audiences. Overall, I argue that it is imperative to examine the tensions between social exclusion and inclusion in order to better understand the refugee predicament. Identifying and acknowledging refugees' roles as informal citizens provides new avenues to reflect on refugee presence in the city beyond the scope of the prejudices, stereotypes, and labels commonly associated with individuals who are forced to flee their homes, seeking to build safer ones.<br>Cette dissertation examine la situation complexe dans laquelle se trouvent les demandeurs d'asile en tant que réfugiés qui habitent Montréal. Alors que ceux-ci attendent que les agents d'immigration prennent une décision face à leur statut, ils deviennent des agents actifs socialement et politiquement dans leur quotidien. Mon étude est basée sur des entrevues semi-directives faites auprès de gens qui font une demande d'asile en tant que réfugiés. L'analyse porte sur leur quotidien, et considère les notions d'inclusion et d'exclusion. Mon cadre théorique est multidisciplinaire et s'inspire de la sociologie, l'urbanisme, les études sur les modes de citoyenneté alternatives, les méthodes qualitatives et les récits narratifs. Alors que la plupart des études sur les demandeurs d'asile en tant que réfugiés se concentrent sur leur marginalisation, j'affirme plutôt que l'inclusion et l'exclusionsont deux choses qui s'interpellent dans le quotidien. Sans nier les difficultés auxquelles ils font face dans leurs nouvelles vies – la xénophobie, les obstacles administratifs, l'instabilité économique, l'accès limité à certains droits civiques, et même la peur de la déportation – je mets l'accent sur l'inclusion sociale, leur participation active dans la société et ce qu'ils contribuent à leur nouvelle communauté. Durant la période de 'l'entre-deux', alors qu'ils tentent de s'établir, ils s'impliquent dans la société, par exemple dans les domaines du bénévolat ou encore l'action politique. Ils créent ainsi des lieux et des moments d'inclusion, qui leur permettent d'appartenir d'une manière informelle à une certaine citoyenneté. Cette perspective permet donc de contrebalancer les étiquettes sociales négatives qui sont parfois rattachées à ces personnes : « abuseurs du système » ou « paresseux ». Ces fausses perceptions sont communes, et se propagent au sein des medias, du gouvernement et du public en général. Afin de mieux comprendre leur situation, je démontre que ces nouveaux arrivants se forgent une place dans la ville. De plus, je soutiens que la façon dont ils ont quitté leur pays d'origine – souvent involontairement – structure la perception de leur pays d'origine et les liens d'attachement avec leur nouveau domicile. Finalement, je propose une analyse qualitative de deux scénarios de pièces de théâtre intégrant des récits réels de réfugiés. Je démontre que ces exemples spécifiques contribuent à une production culturelle urbaine qui dénote toute la complexité des phénomènes d'inclusion et d'exclusion qui émergent suite à la migration des gens, permettantainsi de s'exprimer d'une manière nouvelle. De ce fait, je note qu'il est impératifde bien examiner les tensions qui existent entre l'inclusion et l'exclusion sociale afin de bien comprendre la situation des demandeurs d'asile en tant que réfugiés. Le fait d'accepter que ces demandeurs d'asile aient un rôle informel en tant que citoyens procure de nouvelles alternatives pour étudier la présence des réfugiés dans la ville, en rejetant les préjugés, stéréotypes et étiquettes.